ILO report millions Domestic servants are exploited

Status: 15.06.2021 6:05 p.m.

Working conditions for domestic workers have continued to deteriorate during the corona pandemic, according to a report by the International Labor Organization. Women are most affected. Ten years after a UN Protection Convention was passed, millions of domestic workers are still suffering from exploitation and poor working conditions. The Corona crisis has made the precarious social situation of children, women and men even worse, said the International Labor Organization (ILO) in a report. Many would have lost their jobs during the global pandemic. While, according to the report, the situation for many employees visibly improved before the pandemic, the conditions are now often worse again. ILO Director General Guy Ryder therefore called for all domestic workers to receive fair contracts as well as job and social protection.

06/02/2021

More than a third without protection

More than a third of all 76 million domestic workers had no protection whatsoever, especially in Asia and in Arab countries, according to the ILO chief. According to the information, almost 58 million of the 76 million domestic workers worldwide are women. The ILO, which is part of the United Nations, passed the Convention for the Protection of Domestic Workers in mid-June 2011. It applies to employees who cook, clean, look after children and the elderly and do other work in other households.

05.12.2018

UN convention is ignored

According to the convention, domestic workers should receive a minimum wage, paid rest periods and holidays. They also have a right to secure jobs that do not endanger their health. The agreement also prohibits any form of harassment, abuse and violence. The employees have the right to an employment contract – if the contract is breached, they should be able to sue in court. It is also stated that domestic workers under the age of 18 enjoy special protection. However, the regulations made in the UN Convention are often ignored. Domestic workers are often employed informally and so cannot exercise their rights.

Bad cell phone reception Lost in the dead zone

As of: June 8th, 2021 3:59 p.m.

Cell phone reception is still patchy in many rural areas. According to the network agency, more than ten percent of the country’s area is affected. Expansion is often delayed – companies could now face sanctions. The deeper you go into Germany’s rural regions, the worse the cell phone reception. This is the result of a current report by the Federal Network Agency. This is by no means a rare phenomenon. As the report shows, the supply is poor or non-existent on eleven percent of the country’s area. However, complete dead zones are really rare: Cell phone users, regardless of the provider, have no reception at all on just 0.3 percent of the area in Germany – they are “areas that are not provided with any technology”. This proportion is highest in Bavaria and Rhineland-Palatinate with 0.8 percent. In eight of the 16 federal states it is zero.

Annoying “gray spots”

However, 3.8 percent of the country’s area is referred to as so-called “white spots” in the report. In these areas, reception is only possible in the age-old 2G cellular standard. This standard is too slow for modern, complex mobile radio applications such as videos. 7.2 percent of the area are considered “gray spots”. Only one of the three German cellular networks, Telekom, Vodafone or Telefónica Deutschland, can be received there in the 4G standard. Anyone who is a customer of another network is left behind. Gray spots are astonishingly widespread: In Baden-Württemberg the proportion is ten percent, in Hesse and Rhineland-Palatinate it is 9.9 percent. Bavaria is fourth from bottom with 9.2 percent.

Industry points to high costs

In the Internet age, stable cell phone reception across the board is considered crucial for the development of rural areas. The flow of data is also becoming increasingly important for farmers in the fields, forest workers and hikers. The data from the Federal Network Agency show how great the need for expansion is. The telecommunications industry points to the high costs incurred in rural expansion. The network operators are now cooperating with each other to fill the gaps. In addition, there is a new state “mobile radio infrastructure company” that wants to use funding to enable radio locations where economic operation is not worthwhile. In the future, it is also planned to map 5G coverage and the main points of disconnections in voice telephony in a suitable form.

Main traffic routes not fully supplied

The report by the Federal Network Agency also deals with the issue of network supply along the main transport routes. Since the beginning of 2020, there should be 4G reception everywhere on motorways and ICE routes. However, 100 percent coverage has not yet been achieved. In the case of the motorways, the degree of coverage is between 95.4 and 99 percent, depending on the company, and between 94.4 and 98.2 percent for the railways, writes the Federal Network Agency. After all, the supply along the main traffic routes has been improved.

Fines not excluded

The authority refers to a total of around 550 locations where the companies were unable to ensure the required network supply in good time. “The examination has shown that there are cases of actual and / or legal impossibility at around 20 planned locations. The majority of the cases are temporary delays,” it says. The Federal Network Agency is currently examining possible sanctions against the mobile network operators. It is crucial here whether the delays were caused by the mobile network operator – for example due to late planning of the location – or by third parties, for example due to long building permit procedures or late cancellations by landlords. If the network operator is responsible for the delay, there is a risk of fines.

Crisis in the training market Where the trainees are most absent

Status: 08.06.2021 2:09 p.m.

Much fewer apprenticeships, far fewer applicants – Corona has massively thinned the training market. What alarms experts: Professions in which there is already a shortage of skilled workers are severely affected. From Philipp Reichert, SWR Since the beginning of the corona pandemic, significantly fewer training positions have been offered than before. This is shown by figures from the Federal Employment Agency SWR has evaluated. According to this, companies across Germany reported only around 430,000 apprenticeship positions from October 2020 to the end of April, i.e. after more than half of the current application year. That is around 60,000 fewer than in the same period of 2018/2019, i.e. before the pandemic. This means that by the end of April, around every eighth training position in the country was no longer offered. The number of applicants also fell significantly in the same period: from around 418,000 to 345,000 – a decrease of around 18 percent.

The healthcare and hospitality industries are particularly hard hit

Accordingly, there were particularly strong slumps in the tourism industry and in the hotel and restaurant sector. By the end of April, an average of every third apprenticeship position was no longer offered compared to 2019. But also in large occupational groups in the craft, for example in food production, the metal industry and in some technical professions, thousands fewer training positions were reported. The SWR -Data analysis shows that all federal states are affected by the development – albeit to different degrees.

Young people feel insecure

The Federal Employment Agency attributes the decline in training places and applicants primarily to the Corona crisis. “This mainly reflects the pandemic restrictions and the associated economic uncertainties,” it says SWR -Inquiry. Young people are also unsettled because personal consultations were more difficult in the pandemic and, for example, training fairs were canceled. “We also suspect that some of the young people are withdrawing from the dual training market in the current situation and switching from the outset to alternatives such as further schooling or possibly studying,” says the Federal Employment Agency. In addition to the corona crisis, changes in the labor market, for example in the automotive and supplier industry, as well as demographic change have contributed to the development.

Can the gap still be closed?

For labor market experts like Stefan Sell from the Koblenz University of Applied Sciences, the development is alarming. “These are extremely strong slumps, they are extraordinarily high.” Sell ​​therefore fears long-term consequences if fewer young people start an apprenticeship in the fall of the new training year. “Losses of this magnitude could never be made up again.” Past crises would have shown that. “Unfortunately, we have to expect that the level of apprenticeships will remain significantly lower overall than before the Corona crisis,” said Sell. From the labor market expert Sell’s point of view, it is particularly problematic that such occupational groups are also affected in which companies already need an above-average long time to fill vacancies. According to calculations by the Institute for Employment Research, for example, companies in the field of mechatronics and in some technical and health professions are looking for skilled workers for a particularly long time. “Even before Corona, we did not train enough in these professions,” says Sell.

Criticism of “small funding programs” by the government

The SWR data analysis shows: It is precisely in these occupational groups that there are now also significant drops in the number of applicants. At least one in ten applicants broke away there compared to the time before Corona. Labor market expert Sell sees the significant drop in applicants in the professions with a shortage of skilled workers extremely critical. “In some of these areas, such as the health professions, we will run into significant shortages,” said Sell. The responsible Federal Ministry of Education divided up SWR request with, you take the decline in the training market very seriously. That is why a program to secure training positions was decided last summer, which for example provides training and employment bonuses as well as grants for training and trainer remuneration. 700 million euros are earmarked for this and the coming year. Sell, however, criticizes that the program is insufficient to cushion the decline in the training market. “This is a small funding program, one should have set clearer signals.” The program was also too late and too complicated for companies.

Kelly performed a spacewalk outside the space station on November 6, 2015. Time – an important “link” When humans have the opportunity to explore Mars, the crew members will carry out the mission and travel to places millions of miles away from our planet. Scientists want to understand as much as possible about the potential effects of microgravity and radiation on the human body. A big step towards this goal is the One-Year Mission, when NASA astronaut Scott Kelly and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko spent 340 days aboard the International Space Station from March 2015 to 2020. 2016. Space explorers have spent nearly a year living in zero gravity. The data collected before, during and after their flight made a big contribution. This will help researchers better understand what happens to the human body in space. One concern has arisen regarding astronauts, when their eyes change over long periods of time in space. This change is thought to occur when astronauts are in space for six months or more. Time spent in space also has potential impacts on their vision health. According to researchers, crew members typically spend four to six months on the space station. However, future planned missions lasting a year or longer should be considered. The effect on astronauts’ visual health as a result of long-term flight was previously known as visual impairment and intracranial pressure, or VIIP syndrome. The researchers are now referring to ophthalmic and neurological findings in astronauts after long-duration spaceflight, such as spaceflight-associated optic nerve syndrome, also known as SANS. A new study focusing on eye changes and problems astronauts Kelly and Kornienko experienced has been published in the journal JAMA Opthalmology. “About six months after astronauts began their space missions, we started to observe changes in the eyes of some people. Those changes didn’t show up during their roughly two-week mission aboard the space shuttle,” said study author Brandon R. Macias, director of the Cardiology and Vision Laboratory at NASA Johnson Space Center. in Houston said. According to Macias, the team’s preliminary findings suggest that the duration of the space mission could be responsible for changes in eye structure for the worse, such as swelling of nerve ending tissues. vision. This change has been noticed in some astronauts who have been on missions longer than a year in space. The premise for the future American astronaut Scott Kelly (left) and Russian cosmonaut Mikhail Kornienko (right) spent a year on the space station. The changes in astronauts Kelly and Kornienko were compared with crew members who spent about six months on the station. Both of these astronauts experienced many changes in eye structure. One of them developed mild optic disc edema. “Disc edema can occur when the nerve fibers at the back of the eye swell or when CSF (spinal fluid) builds up around the nerve fibers. If the swelling is severe and persists for a long time, visual function can be affected,” explains Macias. Meanwhile, the other astronaut suffered from optic disc edema and the growing growth of choroidal folds. Both of them used to not realize the changes they were going through. “The retina at the back of the eye is a smooth layer,” says Macias. Folds develop when this tissue becomes wrinkled and uneven. These folds can have different patterns depending on their location and severity. This condition has the potential to impair visual function.” Two astronauts recovered from optic disc edema after returning from space. However, the choroidal folds do not always fully recover. These structural changes did not result in any significant functional changes to the eye. “There is a concern, however, that longer space missions could contribute to more structural changes to the eye. The longer these structural changes take place, the more likely they are that they can cause damage to the retina,” warns Macias. The researchers believe the new findings are a reliable measurement for monitoring the crew members’ eye structures, as well as their long-term health upon their return to Earth. At the same time, the scientists also wanted to understand why some crew members had more eye changes than others. That information could help the team figure out how to prevent neuro-eye syndrome associated with space flight. The team will measure eye activity before, during and after the task by electromechanical methods. Simultaneously, the electrical response of the light-sensitive cones and rods of the eye is measured. Scientists will also look at changes in blood flow in the retina. This may provide more insight into why some crew members undergo more changes than others.

According to information from Google, from June 1, all new photos and videos backed up in High Quality will count towards 15GB of free storage, which comes with a Google account or additional storage. Sung bought. Previously, only Original Quality photos counted towards storage. Once you’ve used up 15GB, you’ll have to delete some photos or other Google Drive content to free up space; or buy a Google One plan to increase your Google account’s storage up to 2TB. How will Google Photos users be affected by this new storage policy of Google? What happens to photos and videos backed up before June 1? The good news is that both High Quality and Original Quality backups before June 1, 2021 don’t count towards your Google account’s 15GB space. Memory for photos, videos Original quality has changed? Original quality photos and videos continue to count towards 15GB of free storage. Photos backed up in original quality and then compressed to high quality after June 1 will also count towards your Google account’s storage space. How much space do I have left on my Google account? You can use Google’s storage management tool to see how much free storage you have left, free up memory, delete blurry photos, screenshots. How much does a Google One plan upgrade cost? The price of the Google One plan varies by region. In Vietnam, the cheapest membership package costs from 45,000 VND/month or 450,000 VND/year. For this money, you get 100GB of storage, the option to add a family, additional membership benefits, and access to Google experts. The 200GB package costs 69,000 VND/month or 690,000 VND/year. The 2TB package costs 225,000 VND/month or 2,250,000 VND/year. What service is similar to Google Photos but free? There are other options if you don’t want to spend money to buy a Google Photos membership, such as Amazon Photos, Apple iCloud, Dropbox, OneDrive, Flickr. What offers are available to Pixel users? If you’re using a Google Pixel 5 or earlier, you’ll still get unlimited free photo and video storage. Pixel 3 users can upload unlimited original quality photos to Google Photos through January 31, 2022 before switching to the unlimited high-quality photo option. Pixel 2 users switched to unlimited high-quality photo downloads from January 16, 2021. Early Pixel users continue to get unlimited original quality photo downloads. Du Lam (According to Android Authority)

Illustration. When buying a moisturizer, not paying attention to the ingredients is a mistake. You should research and buy creams that contain hyaluronic acid, lipids or ceramides. Forget the skin around the eyes The skin around the eyes is thinner and more sensitive than other areas, so care needs to be careful. If you arbitrarily choose a poor quality cream, it can seriously affect this skin area. Therefore, when buying moisturizers, you only buy products that have been tested and meet quality standards. Let the skin be too dry when applying the cream To get the most out of your moisturizer, don’t apply it when your skin is too dry. Because water will help the skin retain moisture longer. The best way, after washing your face, do not dry your face and apply the cream while the skin is still slightly damp. Apply moisturizer on dry skin For maximum effectiveness, a moisturizing lotion should be applied before the water evaporates. After showering, pat the skin dry – do not rub. Facial skin will not have too much excess water but will be slightly damp before applying moisturizer. Use moisturizer infrequently Moisturizer should be used at least once per day to control skin moisture. Imagine the skin as a brick wall, the cells like the bricks and the surrounding fat like the mortar that holds the bricks together. This link can be strong, but there are many damaging factors including cold weather, hot water and substances that are harmful to the skin. Age is also a factor, as lipid sources decline. When the ‘mortar’ layer is damaged, the skin loses its function as a moisture barrier. Excessive abuse Using too much cream does not increase the effectiveness as people think, but will make your skin secret, oily, make the effectiveness of the cream significantly reduced, and stimulate acne-prone skin. Dermatologists recommend that for a cream-based moisturizer, each time we only need to use a small amount of corn kernels (corn), dot it on points on the face such as forehead, cheekbones, chin… then apply. circle outwards, helping the cream spread evenly and penetrate better. As for serums and essences, you only need 1-2 drops to be enough for your skin. Depending on the manufacturer’s instructions, use 1-2 times in the morning or evening.

Image source: Visual China

Reporter | Fan Jiazhi Edit | Chen Feiya Reporter | Fan Jiazhi Edit | Chen Feiya A few days ago, the industry issued a “Notice on Reporting the Purchasing Data of the Fifth Batch of National Organizations for Centralized Procurement of Drugs” (hereinafter referred to as the “Notice”). The “Notice” shows that the fifth round of volume procurement involves a total of 60 varieties and 207 product specifications. Compared with the previous fourth batch of 45 products purchased in volume, the scope of drugs involved in this round of volume procurement has been further expanded, with the highest number of varieties and product specifications. After sorting out by the Jiemian News Research Department, drugs in dosage forms such as injections and inhalants will be the main varieties for the fifth round of centralized procurement. The catalogue of drugs to be collected mainly includes 30 injectables, as well as inhalants with relatively high technical barriers. If it finally enters centralized procurement, it will affect many listed companies such as Stellite (603520.SH), Joincare (600380.SH), Hengrui Medicine (600276.SH) and so on. The two major products of Stellite, the main construction contrast drug company,-iohexol injection and iodixanol injection, are included in this catalog, and will compete with Yangzijiang Pharmaceutical and other companies. According to data from Meinenet, the sales of iohexol and iodixanol both exceeded 2 billion yuan in 2019. For Stellite, these two products have been on the market for less than a year, which is bound to impact market confidence. Stellite was originally an API (API) supplier for the downstream enterprise of contrast agents. In 2012, Stellite established Shanghai Stellite Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., officially launching the strategy of “Intermediate-API-Preparation”. In 2020, Stellite successively obtained registration approvals for iohexol injection and iodixanol injection, and officially entered the field of preparations. Joincare has two inhalation products into the catalog-budesonide inhalation and compound ipratropium bromide inhalation. It is expected that Chia Tai Tianqing, a subsidiary of China Biopharmaceutical (01177.HK), will participate in centralized procurement. These two products belong to the respiratory department and are suitable for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and tracheal spasm caused by airway obstruction. Inhalation preparation is a pharmaceutical dosage form in which the drug is dissolved or dispersed in a suitable medium, through a special drug delivery device, in the form of vapor or aerosol directly into the respiratory tract and delivered to the lungs for local or systemic treatment. Its advantage lies in reducing the dosage while improving the efficacy and reducing adverse reactions. Inhaled preparations are the drugs of choice for respiratory diseases such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

Inhaled preparations have relatively high technical barriers, and have the characteristics of difficult research and development and high patent barriers. The domestic inhalation preparation market has long been monopolized by three multinational pharmaceutical companies, AstraZeneca (AZ), GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), and Boehringer Ingelheim (BI). The market generally expects that domestic generic drugs will quickly complete domestic substitution, and the fifth batch of centralized procurement may accelerate this process.

Hengrui Medicine’s anti-tumor line product docetaxel injection, anesthesia line product ropivacaine, gastroenterology product glycopyrrolate injection and other varieties are also included in this catalog. According to data from Yaozhi.com, the sales of docetaxel in 2018 reached 1.823 billion yuan, which is the highest-selling anti-tumor drug in China; Hengrui Pharmaceuticals docetaxel was approved for listing in 2002, with sales of 835 million yuan in 2018, with a market share Up to 45.82%.

Docetaxel is a traditional cytotoxic anti-tumor drug. “Traditional cytotoxic drugs-small molecule targeted drugs-biological drugs” is the future trend of the domestic oncology drug market. Docetaxel sales have begun to slowly decline from the peak. It is expected The fifth batch of centralized procurement will further accelerate this trend. Beginning in 2019, Hengrui Medicine also launched biologics such as carrelizumab (PD-1) to meet the market demand for anti-tumor drugs.

In addition, pharmaceutical companies such as Hisun Pharmaceutical (600267.SH), Kelun Pharmaceutical (002422.SZ), Lepu Medical (300003.SZ), and Xinlitai (002294.SZ) are also involved.

In addition to the above-mentioned domestic companies, AstraZeneca is the foreign-funded pharmaceutical company with the most variety of shortlisted products. Its subsidiaries include esomeprazole sodium for injection, budesonide suspension for inhalation, metoprolol tartrate, and sagrelide Many well-known varieties such as Ting were shortlisted, Sanofi’s two major tumor products oxaliplatin and docetaxel were shortlisted, Bayer’s core product anticoagulant Rivaroxaban was shortlisted, and Fresenius Kabi was shortlisted for multiple anesthetic varieties.

Unexpectedly, the fifth batch of centralized procurement does not cover the previously expected high-expected biological agents such as insulin and proprietary Chinese medicines. Different from traditional generic drugs, biological products and proprietary Chinese medicines are unable to carry out drug consistency evaluation due to their special composition, and relevant hypoglycemic drug companies can take a breather temporarily.

According to the timetable given in the document, the state-organized drug centralized procurement comprehensive service platform will complete the pre-purchasing volume of related drugs by medical institutions in various provinces and cities on April 30. It can be speculated that the fifth batch of centralized procurement will officially “start” around June this year.

The overseas new crown vaccine “thrombus gate” continued to ferment. Following AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine was also urgently stopped.

On April 13, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a joint statement stating that in view of the fact that the U.S. has reported 6 cases of “rare and severe” thrombosis after being vaccinated by Johnson & Johnson, It is recommended to suspend vaccination of Johnson & Johnson’s new crown vaccine.

In this regard, vaccine expert Tao Lina (Vaccines and Science) told the reporter of China Times that even if it is finally confirmed that the vaccines of AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson have caused rare blood clots, it is necessary to weigh the pros and cons before making a decision.

As the vaccines of AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson are both adenovirus vector vaccines, CanSino shares continue to fall sharply. From April 14th to 15th at noon, Cansino A shares reported 349.16 yuan per share, a cumulative decline of about 8% during this period; Hong Kong stocks reported 270.8 Hong Kong dollars per share, a cumulative decline of about 14% during the period.

Johnson & Johnson Vaccines Was Urgently Stopped by the U.S.

According to the official website of the FDA, Johnson & Johnson’s vaccine was approved for emergency use on February 27 for use by people over 18 years of age. It was developed by Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen Pharmaceuticals. This vaccine is an adenovirus vector vaccine. It only requires one dose. The most common side effects are pain at the injection site, headache, fatigue, muscle aches and nausea. Most of these side effects occur within 1-2 days after vaccination, and are mild to moderate and last for 1-2 days.

The above 6 cases of adverse reactions occurred during the vaccination process of more than 6.8 million doses of Johnson & Johnson vaccine, all women aged 18-48, who developed cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and thrombocytopenia at the same time 6 to 13 days after vaccination. This side effect is “extremely rare” and the treatment is different from common blood clots.

On April 14, the CDC’s Immunization Practice Advisory Committee met to discuss these cases, and the FDA has also begun investigating these cases. At present, it has not been confirmed that there is a clear causal relationship between rare thrombotic events and Johnson & Johnson’s new crown vaccine. The two agencies recommended that states suspend continued vaccination against Johnson & Johnson until the complete investigation process is over.

In response, Johnson & Johnson issued a statement on the 13th, saying: “We have been reviewing these cases with European drug regulatory agencies. We have decided to proactively postpone the promotion of the vaccine in Europe, and suspend all clinical trials of the new crown vaccine, and update the research. The guidance of the participants and the participants.”

Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said that the suspension of the Johnson & Johnson vaccine is out of cautious consideration, allowing relevant institutions to further understand the status of patients with adverse reactions and the mechanism of side effects. The probability of such side effects is extremely low, so those who have been vaccinated by Johnson & Johnson need not be anxious.

The health department recommends that people who experience severe headache, abdominal pain, leg pain, or shortness of breath within three weeks after receiving the Johnson & Johnson new crown vaccine should contact their healthcare provider.

At present, the suspension of Johnson & Johnson vaccination will not have a major impact on the progress of the new crown vaccination in the United States. Jeff Zienz, an expert on the US White House’s New Crown Epidemic Response Team, said that Johnson & Johnson vaccines account for less than 5% of the current US vaccination records. The US government is working with states and partners to help the Johnson & Johnson vaccines that have been booked. The patient should be rescheduled to receive Pfizer or Modena vaccine as soon as possible.

In fact, four days before the United States stopped Johnson & Johnson’s vaccination, the European Union has begun to review the safety of the vaccine. The vaccine was approved for conditional marketing in the EU in March, but has not yet been delivered. According to the plan, Johnson & Johnson will provide at least 200 million doses of the new crown vaccine to the EU within this year.

Following AstraZeneca’s footsteps?

It seems that Johnson & Johnson has followed in the footsteps of another multinational giant, AstraZeneca.

In March, due to the symptoms of bleeding, thrombosis and reduced platelet counts among medical staff in Denmark, Norway and other places after vaccination, nearly 20 countries including Germany, France, Denmark, Norway, Iceland, Italy, Thailand, Austria, etc. once called for a stop. Sleek vaccination.

On April 7, expert teams from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the World Health Organization (WTO) successively issued statements stating that the vaccine developed by AstraZeneca and the University of Oxford may be related to rare blood clots. The EMA Safety Committee (PRAC) believes that rare thrombosis with thrombocytopenia should be classified as a very rare side effect of the AstraZeneca vaccine. However, the overall benefits of the vaccine in preventing new coronary pneumonia outweigh the risk of side effects.

PRAC conducted an in-depth review of the 62 cases of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and 24 cases of splenic vein thrombosis reported in the EU drug safety database as of March 22, 2021. Among them, 18 cases were fatal. These cases were mainly from the spontaneous reporting system of the EU and the United Kingdom. Approximately 25 million people have received the vaccine.

PRAC pointed out that thrombosis occurs in cerebral veins (cerebral venous sinus thrombosis) and abdominal veins (splenic vein thrombosis) and arteries, accompanied by low platelet levels and sometimes bleeding. So far, most of the reported cases have occurred in women under 60 years of age within 2 weeks of vaccination.

AstraZeneca said that it will update the vaccine product instructions and add information about the vaccine and “very rare” thrombosis on the new label. Together with the WTO and EMA, we are conducting unified observations on patients with symptoms after vaccination and conducting further research.

At present, many countries have announced adjustments to the AstraZeneca vaccination groups, including the United Kingdom, the Philippines, Australia, South Korea, Belgium, etc., but there are differences in age. The United Kingdom advises against vaccinating AstraZeneca for people under 30 years of age, Belgium suspends vaccinations for people 55 years of age and under, Australia suspends vaccinations for people under 50 years of age, and Spain, South Korea and the Philippines only for people over 60 years of age Get the vaccine.

Recently, the “New England Journal of Medicine” published two important studies at the same time, analyzing the symptoms of thrombosis and thrombocytopenia in patients after vaccination with AstraZeneca.

In the first study, the Norwegian research team reported that 5 cases of rare venous thrombosis and thrombocytopenia were found in more than 130,000 vaccinators. High levels of antibodies against PF4-polyanion complex were detected in the blood of all patients. This antibody can activate platelets, leading to abnormal formation of thrombus and a decrease in the number of free platelets.

In the second study, the German research team analyzed the clinical and blood test data of 11 patients who experienced thrombosis or thrombocytopenia after being vaccinated with AstraZeneca in Germany and Austria. Testing of patients’ blood samples also found high levels of antibody responses to PF4-heparin complex or PF4. Historical studies have shown that other factors besides heparin may also trigger symptoms very similar to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.

China’s Cansino vaccine implicated

It is worth noting that the vaccines of Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca both follow the path of adenovirus vector technology. Now that one after another is involved in the “thrombus gate”, are other adenovirus vector vaccines still safe?

At present, in addition to Johnson & Johnson and AstraZeneca, the satellite 5 (Sputnik-V) developed by Russia, and the new crown vaccine developed by China’s Cansino Biotechnology Co., Ltd. also belong to the adenovirus vector technology path. However, according to public information, the adenovirus vectors used in these four vaccines are different. The AstraZeneca vaccine uses the chimpanzee adenovirus vector, the Johnson & Johnson vaccine is based on the Ad26 adenovirus vector, and the Cansino vaccine uses the Ad5 adenovirus as the carrier. The first dose of the Russian satellite 5 vaccine uses Ad26 as the carrier, and the second dose uses Ad5 as the carrier. Carrier.

Affected by this news, Cansino’s stock price plummeted, A shares fell by 13%, and H shares fell by 18%. CanSino Bio had to issue an emergency statement stating that the Ad5 vector used by the company’s new crown vaccine is a common adenovirus that infects humans, which is different from the adenovirus vector used by AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson vaccines. As of the 14th, about one million people vaccinated with Cansino vaccine have not received reports of serious adverse events related to thrombosis. After the company’s statement was issued, the decline in Cansino’s share price narrowed. As of the close, Cansino A shares closed at 356.20 yuan per share, the decline narrowed to 6%; the decline of Hong Kong stocks also narrowed to 8%.

CITIC Securities believes that this phenomenon has not been found among the millions of vaccinators of Cansino vaccine; this has not been found in the previous use of Ad5 in other vaccines and drugs; after all, Ad5 is a viral vector with a high infection rate in humans. It is different from AstraZeneca, Johnson & Johnson and Carrier, and the probability of thrombosis is very different.

So, is Ad5 adenovirus vector safer? Taolina said that there are some studies on the thrombocytopenia caused by adenoviral vectors, but these studies are based on the results of high-dose systemic therapeutic applications.

In September 2011, Yu Xiunan and other researchers from the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University published an article “Research Progress in Adenovirus Type 5 and Thrombocytopenia” in the Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine, which mentioned that thrombocytopenia Symptoms are a major side effect of high-dose systemic application of adenovirus as a vector for gene therapy of carriers. Adenovirus can bind to CAR receptors on platelets, and can also bind to integrin receptors on platelets. “Recent studies have found that adenovirus may cause activated platelets. Adenovirus-induced thrombocytopenia is considered to be dose-dependent, saturated and reversible, which is consistent with the ligand-receptor mechanism. There are multiple views on the mechanism.”

Regarding the Johnson & Johnson vaccine, “I’m still suspending the use and continuing to evaluate it, but compared to no vaccination, I am expressly willing to accept the adenovirus vector vaccine.” Taolina said.

The scene of the press conference at the main bridge point in Hanoi (Photo: HNV)

At the press conference, Mr. Pham Hoai Nam, Director of the Department of Population and Labor Statistics gave a brief report on our country’s labor and employment situation in the first quarter of 2021. Accordingly, it is confirmed that, in the first quarter of 2021, the Vietnamese labor market has suffered bad effects due to the 3rd outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic.

The results of the labor market survey in the first quarter of 2021 recorded that the number of people participating in the labor market decreased compared to the previous quarter and compared to the same period in 2020. In the first quarter of 2021, the country had 9.1 million employees from 15 years of age and older are affected by COVID-19 outbreaks. The proportion of workers with informal jobs and underemployed workers both increased compared to the previous quarter and the same period of 2020. The most notable highlight of the labor market is the increase in income from the work of people. employees against the previous quarter and the same period of 2020.

Specifically, the labor force decreased compared to the previous quarter and the same period of 2020, the rate of trained labor increased, reaching 26.0%. The labor force aged 15 and over in the first quarter of 2021 was 51 million people, down from the previous quarter and the same period of 2020. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic just before the Lunar New Year had changed. The uptrend is often seen compared to the same period of previous years. Normally, following population growth, the workforce in the following year always increases compared to the same period last year. However, the labor force in the first quarter of 2021 was nearly 200,000 people lower than the same period last year and about 600,000 lower than the same period when there was no epidemic (in 2019).

Video about employment situation in the first quarter of 2021 (Source: GSO)

The labor force participation rate in the first quarter of 2021 was estimated at 68.7%, down 1.6 percentage points from the previous quarter and 1.1 percentage points lower than the same period in 2020. The participation rate The labor force in urban areas is 66.7%, while that in rural areas is 69.9%. In terms of age groups, the labor force participation rate in urban areas is lower than in rural areas for most age groups, with the largest difference being observed in the age group 15-24 (urban : 41.2%; Rural: 48.0%) and group from 55 years old (urban: 35.0%; rural: 47.9%). This shows that people in rural areas enter the labor market earlier and leave the market much later than in urban areas; This is a typical feature of the labor market with a high proportion of the labor structure participating in the agricultural sector.

The rate of trained workers with diplomas and certificates from elementary or higher in the first quarter of 2021 is 26%, higher than that of the previous quarter and the same period of 2020. The rate of trained workers among urban areas and rural areas still have considerable disparities. This rate in urban areas reached 40.7%, 2.3 times higher than in rural areas (17.8%).

Out of a total of 23.2 million people aged 15 and over who did not participate in the labor market (outside the labor force) in the first quarter of 2021, 60.8% were in rural areas; they are mainly of school age and retirement.

The 3rd outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic reduced the labor market recovery achieved in the last 2 quarters of 2020. Out of a total of 49.9 million employed, service sector accounted for the largest proportion with 39.5%, equivalent to 19.7 million people, followed by workers in the industry and construction sector, accounting for 32.3%, equivalent to 16.1 million people. . Labor in agriculture, forestry and fishery accounts for the lowest proportion, 28.2%, equivalent to 14.1 million people.

International expert from Bangkok bridge point, Thailand informed at the press conference (Photo: HNV)

In this first quarter, the number of people with informal jobs was 20.7 million, a decrease of 251.7 thousand people against the previous quarter and an increase of 525.4 thousand people over the same period of 2020. Rate of workers with non-employment jobs. Officially the first quarter of 2021 is 57.1%, up 1.1 percentage points from the previous quarter and 1.8 percentage points compared to the same period in 2020. This rate increases highly in rural areas and among women. gender.

The COVID-19 epidemic broke out for the third time just before and during the Lunar New Year, significantly increasing the number of underemployed workers compared to the previous quarter and the same period of 2020. The number of underemployed workers in working age quarter I 971.4 thousand people; an increase of 143.2 thousand people against the previous quarter and an increase of 78.7 thousand people over the same period in 2020. The number of unemployed people in working age in the first quarter was nearly 1.1 million people, a decrease of 137.0 thousand people against the previous quarter and increase 12.1 thousand people compared to the same period of 2020.

However, a remarkable highlight is that, the average monthly income of employees in the first quarter of 2021 reached 6.3 million dong, an increase of 339 thousand dong over the previous quarter and an increase of 106 thousand dong over the same period in 2020. In the first quarter of 2021 over the same period of 2020, the agriculture, forestry and fishery sector recorded the highest average income growth rate, up 5.2%; the service sector had the growth rate of 1.5% and the industry and construction sector had the lowest average income growth rate, up 0.8%. In particular, the monthly average income of wage and salaried workers in the first quarter of 2021 reached 7.2 million VND, an increase of 556 thousand VND against the previous quarter and 132 thousand VND over the same period of 2020.

Slide show an overview of the new statistical way (Photo: HNV)

In the framework of the press conference, Ms. Valentina Baccuci, Deputy General Director of ILO Vietnam expressed her pleasure because today’s press conference marks a special milestone of the General Statistics Office of Vietnam in particular and the Vietnamese statistics industry. Men in general have applied the latest international standard adopted in 2013 and are one of the 10 countries selected to pilot using this new standard in labor and employment statistics, helping to meet monitoring requirements. Labor efficiency in the new context contributes to help Vietnam achieve strategic goals in the future. “The new standard is very complex and demanding for statistics, from 2015-2017 was piloted in Vietnam and 2019-2020 started to collect in both old and new ways and continuously adjusted towards Reasonable effects to be officially announced today. Our ILO has been supporting the General Statistics Office continuously since 2017 and can be sure that the data published today is indeed recognized to meet the new international standard. Of course, no LFS is perfect, but this is also a clear testament to the determination to pursue data standardization by the General Statistics Office of Vietnam in particular and the Government of Vietnam in general. The ILO pledged to continue to accompany the General Department and the Government in that journey ”- said Ms. Valentina.

Sharing the same point of view, from the Bangkok bridge point in Thailand, Mr. Tite Habiyakare, an expert on labor statistics, ILO Asia-Pacific Regional Office emphasized the change in statistical criteria due to the drastic changes. of the new socio-economic period, changing the definition of labor and employment as well as understanding new aspects of employment in generating income, an important measure in the survey of statistics in the new standard./ .

From the first quarter of 2021, the General Statistics Office officially announced the statistics on labor and employment based on ICLS 19 standard. Moreover, to fully assess the volatility of the labor market over time. Time, the General Department will concurrently calculate and publish again the labor and employment statistics indicators according to ICLS 19 standards of the quarters from 2019 to now as a basis for comparison. Information on workers in self-employed jobs in the agriculture, forestry and fisheries sector are also recorded and disclosed.