The company is interested in planting large timber trees. The tropical monsoon climate is a favorable condition for Vietnam to exploit the largest natural wind source in Southeast Asia. With the potential for average wind speeds of more than 10m/s, Vietnam’s territorial waters are in the top 10% of windiest places on the planet. Some wind power plants are rushing to be completed, in parallel with that is promoting afforestation, greening bare hills, bringing more sustainable growth to localities. Energy source to protect the environment Currently, energy generated from fossil fuels accounts for about 67% of the energy supplied to the world, but is polluting the environment with carbon dioxide emissions. Producing wind power with a 20-year-old turbine generates renewable energy (RE), with no carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. According to calculations by the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA), the potential for wind power installed in Europe by the end of 2007 with a total capacity of 56.5 GW, will avoid the emission of 90 million tons of CO2 to the environment per year. year. This is equivalent to 45 million cars on the road. In addition to being able to cut CO2, wind power also avoids toxic chemical waste such as mercury and other chemicals that pollute the environment. Using wind power will not deplete or destroy natural resources, but also ensure good use of resources from wind potential. According to the United Nations (UN’s Emissions Gap Report 2020), success in managing the transition to green energy will help developing countries take the leap beyond high-emission technologies. CO2, which underpins richer nations. Vietnam with about 97 million people and 6.5-7% GDP growth has seen energy consumption more than double since 2010. Access to reliable, cost-effective energy sources will be a factor. important for sustainable economic growth. Wind Turbine No. 1. Working together for the program “one billion trees” In the orientation and planning of renewable energy development, Nhon Hoi 1 Wind Power Plant and Nhon Hoi 2 Wind Power Plant invested by FICO Binh Dinh Energy Joint Stock Company as an investor are being built at Phuong Mai mountain, area. Nhon Hoi economy, Binh Dinh province. This is one of the areas assessed to have the largest wind power potential in the country. Nhon Hoi 1 Wind Power Plant has a capacity of 30 MW, surveyed, researched and invested on an area of ​​about 175 hectares, with a total investment of more than VND 1,321 billion. Nhon Hoi 2 Wind Power Plant Project has a capacity of 30 MW, surveyed and researched on an area of ​​about 201 hectares, with a total investment of more than 1,249 billion VND. As of May 2021, the factory has basically completed the infrastructure and safe transportation of super-heavy equipment. Compared with other renewable energy sources such as solar power, after installing wind turbines, the area where the wind turbines are located is still used for farming or other agricultural and forestry activities. Mr. Huynh Van Luan, Deputy General Director of FICO Binh Dinh Energy Joint Stock Company, said that the Nhon Hoi Wind Power Plant site is refurbishing the infrastructure and landscape, accelerating the speed of afforestation. The whole project is expected to be completed by the end of August. Due to the steep rocky and windy terrain, Phuong Mai mountain has no large trees, mainly naturally growing low shrubs. The afforestation project of FICO Company invests in afforestation of large timber trees on the entire Phuong Mai mountain, phase 1 of the project to plant 40 hectares of forests will be implemented from April 2021 by Anh Vu Seed Company Limited. Due to the hot season, priority should be given to afforestation in favorable locations first. Plant breeding work and planting site are also actively preparing for mass planting starting from August this year. The selection of plant species must also take into account factors that are suitable for the rocky terrain and harsh sea breezes at Phuong Mai mountain, therefore, the company will research plants suitable for natural conditions, soil, Abundant native trees create lush green forests. Also according to Mr. Huynh Van Luan, afforestation is difficult, care and protection of forests is even more difficult. “In order to implement the project effectively, we have taken into account detailed plans, such as care procedures, pest control, and weed clearance. Particularly for the Phuong Mai mountain afforestation project, the company will prioritize using local workers right from the stage of planting to tending, managing and protecting forests … “, Mr. Luan affirmed.

According to statistics, Thanh Hoa has nearly 1,000 species of medicinal plants such as: trichromats, mulberry, tuberose, white mulberry, cinnamon, hi thiem, saffron, tomato thorn, ha thu o, saffron, gao Ancient lam, ivy, mint, mint … In which, there are about 20 species of valuable medicinal herbs. Medicinal species are mainly concentrated in 11 mountainous districts with many endemic species. Growing red peas to raise red ant wings gives economic efficiency dozens of times more than planting acacia. Photo: Vo Dung. In fact, growing medicinal plants brings high economic efficiency, many localities and units in the province have implemented projects and solutions to conserve and develop medicinal plants sustainably, step by step. forming raw material areas for processing. However, the development of medicinal plants in the province is still not commensurate with the potential. For decades, the people of Muong Lat district (Thanh Hoa) have raised red ant wings and harvested plastic. All products are currently purchased by a company in Hanoi. The effect of raising red ant wings on the host tree is obvious, but what makes many people wonder is that the area of ​​red ants farming in the Thanh area is still too small. Mr. Luong Thanh Binh in Zone 3, town of Muong Lat currently has 1 hectare of thyme tree that flies red ants to exploit for resin. According to Mr. Binh, ant wings released on thieu pea trees can be harvested from 2 to 2.5 tons of resin / ha / year. With the purchase price of a unit in Hanoi committed at present, farmers can earn from 80-100 million VND / ha / year on average. According to Mr. Binh, on the border land that is both sloping and nutrient-poor, there is no tree more effective than raising red ants to collect resin from the host tree. As a breeder of red ant wings for decades, Mr. Binh said that raising red ant wings is both leisure and high economic efficiency. Compared with acacia trees, which are commonly grown locally, cultivating red ant wings gives economic efficiency 15 – 20 times higher. Red ant resin is a valuable medicinal material that is currently purchased by businesses with high prices. Photo: Vo Dung. Mr. Binh analyzed: The hills and mountains are exhausted, it is almost impossible to plant anything, there is no manpower, not much capital and time to take care of it to grow acacia. Meanwhile, compared to acacia cultivation, it doesn’t take much effort to grow host crops to raise red ant wings, and invest less … “In the past, Muong Lat people used to drop ant wings on big, tall trees, but later on they mainly raised ant wings on thieu pea trees because they were of moderate height and easy to exploit for resin,” said Mr. Binh. . According to Mr. Binh, thieu peas are leguminous plants, easy to grow, with low nutrient and water requirements and need to be replanted in 3-4 years. If planting pure palm trees as a host tree to raise red ant wings, the retention time is usually 20-30 years, but the disadvantage is that the stem is high and difficult to harvest. Currently, people still like to grow thieu pea to feed red ant wings because in addition to the advantages of low trees, easy to harvest, thieu lentils are also legumes to help improve the soil, simple care, and less pests. part of Muong Lat people plant this plant to release ant wings. Money picking, but not focused Thieu peas are locally available plants that can be propagated by seeds, so planting thieu lentils costs almost no cost in terms of seeds, and also does not need to be fertilized or taken care of. According to local people’s experience, if using thieu bean as host plant, they usually sow seeds at the beginning of the year and plant in April and to October. Red ants are also insects available in the environment. Thieu lentils themselves have “charm”, helping to attract red ant wings. Mr. Ha Van Huan, Zone 3, Muong Lat town, who has 500 thieu pea trees released red ants, about to reach the harvest date. Photo: Vo Dung. The adult red ants will find themselves, parasitize on the thieu pea tree. After laying eggs and hatching larvae, farmers often tie the larvae to the smallpox plants so that the red ant wings proliferate and develop evenly on the host plant and release the resin to exploit. Usually each year, farmers will have two times to exploit plastic in April and October. The product is currently signed by an enterprise in Hanoi with the price of 40 thousand VND / kg. In addition to planting thieu peas on the hillsides, on roadside land, some people raising ant wings also have the idea of ​​planting thieu lentils on the field banks to release the ant wings. Mr. Ha Van Huan, Zone 3, Muong Lat town, who has 500 thieu lentils, has released red ants about to reach the harvest date, shared: Planting thieu peas on the field bank while taking advantage of the excess land and harvesting. are red ant wings. The leaves of the thieu pea plant fall into the field as fertilizer for the plants as well. Next time, Mr. Huan will continue to plant more thieu pea trees on the field banks to release red ant wings. In 2007, Mr. Luong Thanh Binh (Zone 3, Muong Lat town) was supported by Thanh Hoa Union of Science and Technology Associations to train and transfer techniques of raising red ants to exploit plastic. After being transferred, in addition to his family area, Mr. Binh has now developed the farming area to 50 hectares, concentrated in communes Quang Chieu, Muong Chanh, Tam Chung, Muong Ly, Muong Lat town, Nhi Son, Pu Nhi … (Muong Lat district). The current red ants growers and cultivators are mainly the H’mong and Thai ethnic groups of Muong Lat district. According to Mr. Binh, people from Quan Son and Quan Hoa districts of Thanh Hoa province and some mountainous districts of Nghe An province have also contacted him for technology transfer and seed supply. Growing red beans to raise red ant wings can take advantage of a lot of land funds such as village roads, rice fields, pond banks, forest edges … Photo: Vo Dung. Raising red ant wings gives high economic efficiency, but according to Mr. Binh, ethnic minorities in Muong Lat district have not really paid attention. It is a very regrettable thing when the economic conditions of the people here are still many difficulties. “Raising red ant wings is very leisurely and gives high economic efficiency, but in reality, many people still do not understand its value. The elderly and children can also raise and harvest red ants; Where the product comes out is purchased there. I really want to expand the farming area to develop the local economy and increase income for the people, ”Mr. Binh pondered. To make the harvesting of red ants resin easy, Muong Lat people often plant on low host trees with short harvesting cycle. This explains why the cultivation of red ants is not suitable in the forests if they want to green the barren hills. Mr. Mai Huu Phuc, Director of Thanh Hoa Forest Protection Department (Management Board) also said that raising red ant wings to use plastic as medicine brings high economic efficiency. In the past, the Muong Lat District Protection Forest Management Board also raised red ant wings, but mainly selected multi-purpose host trees. Therefore, when the host tree has grown, it is difficult to release and harvest the red ants, so for many years, the Management Board no longer has cultivated red ant wings. This is one of the factors that makes the red-wing farming area not being focused in Thanh Hoa. Red ant’s wing is a red resin excreted by a species of red ant leaf aphid (a member of the ant wing worm family) that sucks on the sap of its host plant. According to traditional medicine, red ant wings have a bitter taste, cold properties, have a heat effect, blood pressure, detoxification, hemostasis, peas … Currently, all the resin of ants harvested in Muong Lat district is under construction. Duc Phu Agriculture and Forestry Joint Stock Company in Hanoi buys buckets for 40 thousand VND / kg.

Factory DAC. After 2050, we still have to double our efficiency. Currently, the fastest and most powerful solution is CO2 extraction by DAC method. For one thing, it takes 30,000 large-capacity DAC (Direct Air Capture) plants, estimated to cost $ 15,000 billion. Direct CO2 filter Since the Paris Agreement was signed in 2015, the world has made many efforts to reduce CO2. The most popular solution is afforestation, but this way of “green” still has many potential risks. First, afforestation takes space and time. It requires a large investment, likely to push food prices five times higher. Second, even when the Earth is completely green, forests will only absorb 30% of the annual emissions that need to be treated. Third, the plant itself is the “receptor for CO2”. If not handled properly upon death, they will turn out to be harmful to humans. “Humanity needs a faster, more drastic solution”, Steve Oldham (USA) affirmed. He introduced the initiative of Carbon Engineering Company: DAC Factory, removed CO2 by the method of direct air capture (DAC). The DAC method was invented in 1999. It operates on the principle of absorbing air, leading to an alkaline environment, isolating and compressing to preserve CO2. The experimental DAC plant was built in Squamish, British Columbia, Canada. It is installed with a series of giant fan tubes on the roof, sucking in ambient air. Currently, CO2 makes up about 0.04% of the air. Carbon Engineering fan duct connected to a filtration system consists of 3 chambers. The first chamber contains alkali potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. When the air passes through, the KOH reacts with CO2, forming potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3). The KHCO3 formed is led to a second chamber containing calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂). It reacts, forming limestone and being expelled into the third chamber. In the third chamber, the heated limestone decomposes, creating pure CO2. The DAC recycles the catalyst residue, forming a closed and repeating loop. It captures CO2 without releasing waste. “We are miserable with climate change and the cause of it is excess CO2” – Oldham said – “But with the DAC plant, you can purify this emissions anywhere and anywhere. when”. Cost “huge” CO2 can be commercialized by selling it to agriculture. The world is emitting about 36 billion tons of CO2 / year. “To avoid the risk of global warming, we need to successfully remove 10 billion tons of CO2 / year”, ecologist Jane Zelikova (Ukraine) said. To remove 10 billion tons of CO2 / year, a widespread DAC system is needed, with a total of 30,000 factories. Each year, these three thousand plants require 4 million tons of KOH. They also need a huge amount of energy to operate, estimated to account for up to one-sixth of total global energy. The cost of building a DAC factory is 500 million USD. With 30,000 factories, mankind has to spend 15,000 billion USD. “We need to filter 800 billion tons of CO2 out of the atmosphere,” Oldham said. Recently, many philanthropists and large corporations have expressed their support for DAC. Billionaire and philanthropist Elon Musk (South African American) pledges $ 100 million to develop CO2 capture technology by this method. Microsoft, United Airlines, ExxonMobil … also enthusiastically invested billions of dollars. Until now, estimates of the cost of capturing CO2 in the air have been very expensive. It ranges from 100 to 1,000 USD / ton. Oldham believes that the DAC industry will help lower it to only 94 USD / ton. Big bet Mankind sees CO2 as an enemy, wanting to be wiped out from the atmosphere. Did you know that in the business sector, compressed CO2 is still a valuable commodity? In Switzerland, Climeworks (a CO2 capture center) is compressing CO2 with an efficiency of 900 tons / year. They sell it to greenhouses that increase crop yields. Unfortunately, the most potential customer of compressed CO2 is the fossil fuel industry – the most terrible CO2 emission sector. Petroleum is a finite source of energy, but can be renewable by adding CO2. Occidental Petroleum Company in Texas signed a contract with Carbon Engineering to build a large-scale DAC plant. They aim to filter and utilize 50 million tons of CO2 / year, used for the purpose of increasing oil regeneration. Naturally, this amount of CO2 will be re-emitted in the new oil. It makes efforts to remove CO2 “evenly”. “We must admit, DAC is an expensive solution”, businessman and writer Chris Goodall (UK) said. The problem is that humanity urgently needs to deal with its excess CO2. If we are late, we could pay a heavy price. Losses caused by natural disasters from climate change are extremely severe. It is even able to exceed the amount of money spent operating DACs by many times. The more you hesitate and delay, the more CO2 increase cannot be controlled. The role of DAC is to control emissions. For tomorrow, mankind may have to accept today’s costly. In the event of failure to do business, Iceland proposes mineralization. They succeeded by mixing CO2 into water, pumping down basalt layers in the ground 500 – 600m deep. After about 2 years, CO2 self-changes into calcite (limestone). Waiting time for mineralization, CO2 mixed in water. CO2 containing water is heavier than normal, sinks deeply, so it does not affect the quality of floating water. In other words, the mineralization of CO2 ensures ecological safety.

Leaders of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development visited the forestry seed models applying scientific and technological advances of the Vietnam Forest Science Institute. Photo: Iftib. Achievements in the field of forest seed The Forest Seed and Biotechnology Research Institute under the Vietnam Forest Science Institute is a leading research unit in the forestry sector on the application of biotechnology in forest seed improvement. Researches on biotechnology of the Institute are oriented in three main directions: Research to complete the propagation procedures for newly selected varieties to serve the transfer of propagation techniques for the same original breeds. seed research and production units; Using molecular indicators in research on selecting high yield, high quality and breeding new varieties using mutation and genetic engineering, and has achieved many outstanding achievements. The Institute has successfully researched and built propagation procedures for nearly 30 hybrid acacia, acacia, cajeput, eucalyptus and eucalyptus hybrids and transferred them to many production facilities. Several propagation processes on an industrial scale have been completed by the Institute through the implementation of pilot production projects and projects, of which 2 propagation processes have been recognized as technical progress. . The Institute has transferred the process of industrial-scale micro-propagation to more than 30 production facilities across the country and these facilities have mastered the technology, some units have been able to produce 10 million seedlings / year, partially meeting the need of planting clones. With clonal propagation, the original seed used as a material source for multiplication through many times will have the phenomenon of aging. The seed degradation will reduce the propagation efficiency and degradation of forest quality. As a supplier of original breeds for production, the Institute has conducted research to build and complete the process of restoring and rejuvenating the original seed source, ensuring the quality of the original seed for production. Therefore, after 20 years, the hybrid acacia hybrids selected for creation and recognition in the previous period are still effective in production, with high productivity and quality and are trusted by the production units. The forestry seed sector has achieved a great deal of success through the application of biotechnology advances. Photo: Iftib. Application of molecular indicators and mutagenic polyploids The application of molecular indicators in breeding has been promoted by the Institute to shorten the breeding time as well as improve the efficiency of breeding programs. Through applied research, the Institute has selected 21 SSR indicators related to fast growth in hybrid acacia, 20 SSR indicators related to growth traits in hybrid eucalyptus. With the use of these indicators, 7 lines of acacia hybrid (BB055, BV350, BV376, BV434, BV523, BV584 and BV586) achieved yield from 26 to 35m3 / ha / year, 10 lines of hybrid eucalyptus grow rapidly (UC16 , UC51, CU113, CU123, UC52, CU182, UE72, UC55, CU98, CU82) yield from 30.7 to 45m3 / ha / year were selected. In which, 7 lines of hybrid acacia BB055, BV350, BV376, BV434, BV523, BV584 and BV584 and 2 lines of hybrid eucalyptus CU98 and CU82 have been recognized as a new forest plant variety allowing for production. In recent years, transgenic studies increase the length of wood fibers ( EcHb1 ) for uro eucalyptus and hybrid eucalyptus has also been implemented by the Institute. Scientific staff of the Institute developed the vector structure GWB2 / 35S / EcHB1 / NOS carrying the target gene. EcHB1 . Thereby building the gene transfer process EcHB1 increased wood fiber length with transgenic efficiency of 1.06%, from which 19 lines of UU hybrid eucalyptus (of which 4 lines were identified with wood fiber length exceeded 14% or more compared to the control). ) and 40 transgenic UP hybrid eucalyptus lines carrying the target gene EcHB1 . These lines have normal morphology and grow equal or faster than the control plants. These transgenic varieties are currently being continuously tested before being put into production practice. In addition to the research on breeding by molecular indicator and gene transfer, the research on polyploid breeding by the method of causing mutation in combination with crossbreeding has been deployed by the Institute for Acacia species. The Institute has successfully created varieties of Acacia and tetraploid acacia from improved seed sources and crossbreed with diploid varieties to create triploid hybrid acacia. Biotechnology plays an increasingly important role in agriculture in general and forestry in particular. Photo: Vafs. Dr. Nguyen Duc Kien, Director of the Forest Research and Biotechnology Institute said. In order to achieve these successes, apart from the collective efforts of the Forest Research Institute and Forest Biotechnology, it is impossible not to mention the help of ministries, branches, especially the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development as well as other scientists at home and abroad. However, these are only initial results, so they do not fully reflect the potential of biotechnology in research and selection of forest plants. In the coming time, in addition to the implementation of traditional breeding methods based on natural variables, the research and application of biotechnology including the use of molecular indicators and techniques. Genetic transformation and gene editing will be one of the breakthrough research directions and be focused on developing in order to improve the role and contribution rate of biotechnology in forest plant breeding programs. Thanks to a strategic and methodical implementation of the seed improvement program, the research of polyploid breeding has achieved certain results, in which the Institute for Forest Breeding and Biotechnology has achieved certain results. selected, created and recognized 4 triploid hybrid acacia lines X101, X102, X201 and X205 as new forest plant varieties according to the Decision No. 1458 / QD-BNN-TCLN, dated 20/4/2020 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development with Yields range from yield from 26 to 35 m3 / ha / year. The wood properties of the triploid acacia varieties at the age of 4 years are equivalent to that of the diploid hybrid acacia at the age of 5-7, meeting the basic requirements of raw wood for the production of paper, MDF, board peeled boards.