FlexXon introduces the X-PHY SSD with AI security. Photo: Flexxon Flexxon is a security company based in Singapore, specializing in the design, manufacture and retail of industrial NAND flash memory and storage devices. Flexxon also offers leading memory solutions ensuring the highest level of data security. A new product from Flexxon has been introduced as the world’s first AI solid state drive. New technology to protect data at the hardware level, SSD can protect from both remote and physical attacks. A wide range of features include temperature sensors to detect abnormal movements, detecting traditional threats like malware and viruses or tampering with drives or ransomware. However, Flexxon did not elaborate on the work of this intelligent protection mechanism but when something goes wrong, the X-PHY SSD will send an alert to the user by email and lock itself to prevent actions. vi is believed to affect the system. The user can then unlock the device through the dynamic authentication process. For customers with high security needs, data can be automatically deleted if the device falls into the wrong hands. It is very difficult to send emails about the status of the SSD when the PC is turned off and the operating system is not running, it is not clear how the X-PHY SSD will do this. The devices are manufactured in M.2 2280 and U.2 format and PCIe 3.0 x 4 (NVME 1.3) interface is used for connection. This series includes 512 GB and 1 TB capacities. This device is expected to be ordered and delivered to corporate customers in September this year, and by 2022 it can be mass produced for all customers.

Deutsche Bank, which had been plagued by scandals, falling revenues and high risks in previous years, made strong profits again at the start of the current year. Bubbling income in investment banking and a sharp decline in risk provisioning have brought the bank a surplus of 908 million euros – after a loss of 43 million in the previous year. Industry observers had expected a significant increase, but the actual numbers far exceeded expectations. The main driver was business in the capital markets, investment banking, where Deutsche Bank is one of the most important bond and currency traders in the world. Income in this area rose by a third to 2.5 billion euros. The bank was also able to score in the consulting and IPO business. With a pre-tax profit of 1.5 billion euros, more than twice as much as in the previous year, investment banking once again proved to be by far the bank’s most profitable line of business.

Aimed at eight percent return

At the same time, the group benefited from government aid for the economy. As a result, there were significantly fewer bankruptcies in the first quarter than feared, so that the bank was able to reduce its risk provision for bad loans to 69 million euros, after 506 million in the first quarter of the previous year. Overall, the money house has succeeded in increasing income while at the same time costs have continued to fall. “These results reinforce our expectation that we will achieve our goals for 2022,” said bank chief Christian Sewing. The aim is to increase the return on equity after taxes to eight percent. With 7.4 percent in the first quarter, it has come very close.

Confidence despite ongoing pressures

Inspired by the good numbers, Sewing was more confident in the morning for the year as a whole. “Not only can we look back on an excellent quarter, the outlook is also optimistic,” he wrote in a letter to the group’s almost 85,000 employees. The consequences of the low interest rates gradually had less of an impact on income in the retail and corporate banking business. At the same time, there are many indications that a considerable part of the income growth in the investment bank will prove to be sustainable. At the same time, Sewing also promised lower risk provisions for bad loans for the year as a whole. The bank continues to be burdened by the bad bank, which it calls the “unit for releasing capital”. There was a loss of 410 million in the first quarter. Although this is less than in the previous year, there are still loans at risk of default with a volume of 34 billion euros. In the private and corporate customer business, it is also struggling, like its competitors, with the low interest rates in the euro area.

US President Joe Biden speaks in Washington, DC, on April 15, 2021. Photo: AFP / VNA The US Senate’s ratification of the draft Act on Hatred Crimes during the COVID-19 pandemic is considered a milestone in the Biden administration’s efforts to protect the Asian community. This is also a remarkable domestic achievement of Mr. Biden in the first 100 days in power. The draft Hate Crime Act of the COVID-19 pandemic received the support of 96 senators and only 1 vote against. The near-absolute support in the Senate, where Democrats and Republicans share seats, shows that the two parties themselves are increasingly aware of the urgency to enact a legal basis to stop them. cases of violence against Asian Americans as well as strict punishment against objects of discrimination against this community. The bill was proposed by the only two Asian parliamentarians in the Senate, Ms. Mazie Hirono (Hawaii) and Ms. Tammy Duckworth (Illinois), requiring the US Department of Justice to speed up the review of related cases. enmity stemmed from the COVID-19 pandemic, which proposed the establishment of an office under the Justice Department tasked with dealing with criminal acts against Asian Americans. Law enforcement at the local level will be assisted in receiving and resolving violence against Asian Americans, and expanding resources to improve the reception of information about cases. hate, increase investment to support the victims. Notably, the bill also aims to limit the increasing use of discriminatory language since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Next May, the US House of Representatives will hold a vote on the draft law, but the possibility that the above document is passed and becomes law is completely feasible when the Democratic Party, which holds control in this agency. and both President Biden has previously expressed support for the bill. The White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) affirmed that the new bill “will protect American values ​​through the fight against xenophobia and hatred of Asian people”. Senate Democrat leader Chuck Schumer emphasized the bill as a message to the Asian American community that “the government will care, listen and act to protect them”. This can be seen as a success of President Biden, who has repeatedly urged the US Congress to pass a bill to deal with discrimination against Asians in America. It can be said that resolving racism in the US in general, and Asian-American discrimination in particular, is one of the focuses of the Biden presidential administration. Just a week after taking office, Mr. Biden signed an executive order condemning prejudice and violent discrimination against Asian Americans. The US government has also implemented a series of measures to deal with this situation, such as setting up a committee to deal with and end Asian discrimination, calling on local authorities to pay more attention. to this issue. The US also announced to spend nearly $ 50 million to support Asian people who are victims of violence and discrimination. A virtual library of projects to explore and celebrate Asian contributions to the United States is also underway. Recently, President Joe Biden appointed Erika Moritsugu, a Japanese-American, to the position of Vice President Assistant and Senior Coordinator for the Asian American Community and Pacific Islands. Along with the government’s measures, the US Senate’s ratification of the bill is the first concrete action of congressmen, demonstrating the determination of the US authorities to resolve this issue. In fact, stigmatization cases against Asian Americans and islands in the Pacific (AAPI), which make up 6.9% of the US population, have existed for a long time in this country’s society and are growing steadily. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic more than a year ago, partly due to misinformation about the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. According to a study by California State University, the city of San Bernardino, Asian-American discrimination cases increased by nearly 150% in 2020 in 16 of America’s largest cities, especially in Los Angeles and New York. , where there are a lot of Asians. Stop Asian American Pacific Islander (AAPI), an organization that synthesizes cases against Asian Americans, said less than a year since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, the center has received the report. about 3,795 cases of discrimination against Asians and Pacific islands across the US, of which verbal harassment accounts for 68%, avoidance or deliberate avoidance of Asians 20, 5% and 11% are attacks. These numbers are only “a small part of what’s happening”, but show the prevalence of discrimination and violence against this community. According to Pew Research Center data released on April 22, 81% of Asian Americans participating in the survey said that violence against them is increasing in the United States. Even 45% of the 352 Asian adults participating in this survey shared that they were victims of at least 1 in 5 racist acts since the COVID-19 epidemic occurred. Not only the acts of physical and mental harassment, the destruction of Asian-owned stores and businesses that hinder this community from doing business has increased significantly during the period. outbreak … According to statistics from the New American Economy Fund, although only accounting for a small percentage of the US population, Asian people and Pacific islands have certain contributions to the US economy. The tax that the households of this community contributed in 2017 accounted for 7.8% of the total taxes of all households in the US, equivalent to $ 218.6 billion, and this community also spent 526, $ 2 billion in consumer spending, housing purchases and investment. If only 9.5% of American workers are business owners, the rate among Asian and Pacific Islanders is 10.3%, contributing to creating millions of jobs for the US labor market. In 2016, Asian-owned businesses employed more than 5.1 million people. It can be said that the wave of marches against Asian stigma spread in the US, and Asian patrol teams were established in New York and many cities over the past time, showing a change in reception. a positive attitude in America to this issue. The issue of Asian-American stigma is difficult to resolve overnight, but the measures taken by the Biden administration show America’s efforts to combat discrimination and hatred. clan, in the spirit of “healing and national action”.

PAK DA designs developed by Tupolev Office of Russia. Photo: Ministry of Defense of Russia In early April, the Russian Ministry of Defense approved the final design for the sixth-generation stealth bomber, called the “Modern Long Range Aviation Complex” (identified as in Russian is PAK DA). This aircraft designed and developed by the Tupolev Office places priority on stealth and long-range weapon use. Currently, the office is building a full-size, full-scale PAK DA prototype aircraft. PAK DA is designed based on the aerodynamic principle of “flying wings”, without the tail part, the fuel tank is separated from the wing, can reach subsonic speeds of 1,190 km / h. The PAK DA is expected to replace the Tu-160 strategic bomber developed in the Soviet era. The new Russian aircraft model uses the latest stealth technology, alloys and synthetic materials. The main weapon system equipped on the PAK DA includes long-range cruise missiles and supersonic missiles using modern technology, capable of escaping enemy radar. According to a professor at the Russian Military Science Academy Vadim Kozulin, all the equipment on board is automated at the highest level. Engineers are testing operating the PAK DA in unmanned mode. In addition, this latest generation Russian bomber is said to have the control feature of other groups of unmanned aircraft (UAVs). The highlight of the PAK DA design is the priority in stealth technology, combined with the tactic of using long-range weapons. “The Russian Air Force is currently armed with long-range missiles such as the X-555 and X-101 with a range of up to 5,000 km, which is why there is no need to use traditional long-range bombers. can carry out attacks without leaving the Russian border, still within the defense of the air defense system, “said Mr. Kozulin. The PAK DA is expected to enter service in the Russian army by 2027. The minimum lifespan of this strategic bomber is not less than 12 years. After technical maintenance, can increase the operating life up to 21 years.

On April 15, 2021, one of the US military bases located north of the Syrian city of Deir ez-Zor was covered with an “unknown” missile attack, ie not yet. Which armed group assumes responsibility.

As a result of the missile raid, several US servicemen were injured and taken very quickly to a nearby hospital. This was announced by Aletejah TV from Iraq after consulting local sources.

Meanwhile, Iran’s Mehr news agency made it clear that the missile attack was carried out “against the US headquarters, which is responsible for exporting oil obtained from the Syrian territory”.

At the same time over the past few months, a number of similar attacks have been carried out against various targets of the US military in eastern and northeastern Syria, causing some minor damage.

Meanwhile, the Syrian opposition online publication Enab Baladi claimed that the missile strike hit the base of the “Syrian Democratic Forces” (SDF) consisting of directly supported Kurdish fighters. by Washington.

The detail to note is that none of the media has indicated the specific coordinates of the US military base that suffered the attack, nor the location where the missiles were launched.

Since 2015, Washington has controlled nine military bases in northeastern Syria, close to hydrocarbon mines, four of which are in Deir ez-Zor province and 5 in Al-Hasakah province. Furthermore, at all of these facilities, besides the Americans, there were Kurds.

Analysts say the latest attack could be carried out by the remnants of the Islamic State (IS) terrorist organization or by pro-Iran militias fighting on the Damascus side.

Besides, it is not possible to rule out the raid involving the Syrian government army, when Damascus always affirms that it will regain its sovereignty over the entire resource-rich Northeast region.

On April 14, Syrian government sources said several IS jihadists attacked the SDF prison in Al-Hasakah city, where IS prisoners are being held. The results of this clash have not been released.

It should be noted that since September 2020, the US has increased its military facilities in Syria, regularly dispatching reinforcements to its bases from Iraq and in the opposite direction, escorting the oil caravan.

Oil sourced from northeastern Syria is of great importance to the United States, because it helps Washington pay for the expenses of the Syrian battlefield and partly to support the Kurdish forces. contradiction.

On the side of the Damascus government, they always asserted that the US action was to take resources and seriously violate the sovereignty of an independent country.

Currently, the Syrian government army only controls more than 60% of the territory, while the Northwest is actually under Turkish control, while the northeastern part is rich in resources occupied by the US.

The head of the White House said in a phone call earlier this week with Russian President Vladimir Putin he made a clear stance that the US and Russia may have “gone further,” emphasizing that Washington “did not want to arrest. the beginning of a cycle of escalation and conflict “with Moscow.

Mr. Biden asserted that after direct communication between him and Putin, the US and Russia could establish “a more effective relationship” and the Kremlin boss “agreed” with this view.

According to Biden, his proposal to hold a summit with his Russian counterpart this summer in Europe will be an opportunity to launch a stable strategic dialogue.

Putin has yet to react to the White House boss’s invitation, but Biden said his cabinet is discussing the possibility now.

Before that, despite President Biden proposing a bilateral meeting with his Russian counterpart, on April 15, the US still announced economic sanctions against Russia and expelled 10 foreign diplomats. This was in response to actions that Washington alleged was “interference” by the Kremlin in US elections and large-scale cyber attacks.

In addition, the US Treasury Department also announced sanctions against 8 individuals and entities involved in Russia’s annexation of Crimea.

For its part, the Kremlin vowed to respond adequately to any new illegal US sanctions against Russia and noted that any new sanctions would reduce the chances of a meeting. two sides summit.

Russian President and US President – documentary photo.

On April 15, the administration of US President Joe Biden intends to impose new sanctions on many Russian individuals and organizations.

The US news agency, citing some well-informed sources, said Washington would punish 30 entities in Russia and expel 10 officials from the United States.

This is part of the US response to Russia over accusations that Moscow is the culprit behind large-scale cyber attacks against US software supply chain SolarWinds in December last year.

Through that attack, the hackers gain access to the data of thousands of companies and government offices that are partners of Solar Winds.

However, the Russian side has always strongly rejected and affirmed that it had prepared the scenario to deal with the worst situations.

Official sources from the White House, the State Department and the US Treasury Department have not officially announced or responded to the leaked information.

If confirmed, this is the “pain” of the US and Russia at the moment when the tense relationship between the two countries is falling into disagreement regarding the hot spot on the Russia-Ukraine border.

Earlier, this disagreement led the US to send two destroyers to the Black Sea towards Russia to show support for Ukraine.

However, after Russian President Vladimir Putin and US President Joe Biden made a phone call and the two sides agreed to hold a summit meeting in the near future, the US stopped the plan to destroy the USS Theodore Roosevelt and USS destroyers. Donald Cook into the Black Sea.

Turkey has received notification of this route change. This is a move that is expected to help cool the situation in Ukraine and ease tensions between the US and Russia.

Thus, in combination with the frigate developments and the US administration’s imposition of sanctions on Russia, it can be seen that the Biden administration probably wants to demonstrate the diplomatic stance with Moscow, which he immediately identified. from the beginning.

That is the US will react strongly to protect national interests against Russian actions such as accusations of cyber attacks, election interference … but will not make too much tension in matters related to international affairs. .

Russian President Vladimir Putin and US President Joe Biden.

The sanctions are part of the US government’s response to Russia’s election meddling in the US and the launch of the SolarWinds cyber attack last December, according to the New York Times.

Sources say that among the Russian citizens that the US is preparing to impose sanctions are both government officials and intelligence services.

The Wall Street Journal also cited sources as saying that US President Joe Biden would issue a decree extending a ban on US banks from conducting transactions related to Russia’s national debt.

Earlier in January, the US Agency for Cyber ​​Security and Infrastructure (CISA) issued a joint statement by the FBI and several other agencies, under which Russia is likely to be behind the attack. Large-scale networks targeted at customers of the computer security firm SolarWinds.

According to Washington, the goal of the attack was to gather intelligence. However, it was later reported that the attackers did not gain access to sensitive information.

In mid-March, US intelligence released a new report, accusing Russian President Vladimir Putin of directing the Russian government’s influence campaigns to reduce the likelihood of Democratic candidate Joe Biden’s victory in elections in 2020 and deepening political divisions in America.

Advisor to US President Joe Biden on national security Jake Sullivan recently stated that in response to this attack the White House is ready to use a variety of methods, not only sanctions but also “tangible and intangible” tools.

The New York Times also wrote that the US is planning to carry out “secret counterattacks” on Russian systems.

The Kremlin rated the allegations as “completely unfounded” and said that this was just an excuse for the new sanctions. Kremlin spokesman Dmitry Peskov said Russia did not interfere in the US election and was not involved in cyber attacks.

The US intends to punish a series of Russian diplomats.

Accordingly, 12 Russian individuals, including intelligence officials and government officials, and 20 other entities in the US sanctions category.

In addition, Washington is also preparing to expel 10 Russian diplomats.

Just last week, Bloomberg reported that the US administration had completed an intelligence assessment of Russia’s potential role in a cyberattack against SolarWinds and meddling in the 2020 presidential election.

The White House is considering actions against US diplomats, including punishing Russian President Vladimir Putin’s advisers and agencies involved in allegations of election interference.

In mid-March, US intelligence released a new report, alleging that Putin had authorized the Russian government’s “influence activities” to undermine the then Democratic candidate. Biden in the 2020 election and exacerbated political divisions in the US.

The Kremlin considers the report “completely unfounded and unfounded” and expressed its belief that this is just an excuse to introduce new sanctions. Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov stressed that Russia does not interfere in the US vote, is not involved in the campaign against any candidate. He also noted that Washington’s sanctions policy could exacerbate bilateral relations.

One day earlier, the RIA news agency quoted information from the Russian Foreign Ministry as saying that Russia would act decisively if the US took new “unfriendly steps” such as imposing sanctions.

The same day, the White House announced that the new US administration would work towards a stable relationship with Russia, but to seek predictability rather than trust between the two countries.

Meanwhile, Mr. Biden recently offered to have a face-to-face conference with the Russian president in a European country. The Russian president just “wished him well” and invited Mr. Biden to a face-to-face conversation after hearing that the US President agreed with the view that Putin was a “murderer”.

The controversial “choose 1 in 2” strategy in the past five years in China has finally become qualitative in imposing monopolistic business practices, and Alibaba has become the first “victim” to gender. This country’s official “stunned”.

Penalties of up to 18,288 billion yuan ($ 2.8 billion) issued by China’s State Market Supervision Department against Alibaba account for 4% of the group’s 2019 revenue.

The group of billionaire Jack Ma has continuously encountered bad luck in recent times.

Not merely a punishment, the meaning of the case went far beyond its original purpose. This is said to be a warning to the entire Internet industry in China, and the move also shows Beijing is accelerating its war of antitrust against big tech companies.

Alibaba: “Big trees catch the wind”

In fact, legal disputes over Alibaba’s monopoly conduct have long existed. Starting in November 2015, Alibaba’s “choose 1 in 2” policy under Jack Ma was accused of disrupting the e-commerce market and many platforms repeatedly called for a boycott of this behavior.

It was not until December 2020 that the State Market Administration of China conducted the first antitrust investigation and a final decision was made. Basically, Alibaba immediately expressed its attitude to cooperate with the authorities. “We recognize that today’s penalty is a warning and motivating us, it is a standard and concern for the industry’s development,” an Alibaba representative said in the Letter. customers and the public.

In the opinion of many market analysts, that penalty is inherently beneficial for Alibaba, because conservative policies in recent years have made them gradually lag in e-commerce. This also allows the Internet economic platform to re-focus on sustaining innovation, instead of relying on dominant positions to “protect” the market. More importantly, the warning for Alibaba will form a strong competitive advantage in the market in the future.

Other platforms started to be wary

In addition to warning Alibaba, the penalty serves as a deterrent to the entire Chinese internet industry. After all, the problem of monopoly is not limited to just one platform and with the current scale of operations, it is completely understandable that Alibaba is being targeted first.

Over the years, the platform economy has benefited from the rapid growth and popularity of the Internet. Based on the cumulative effect, the platforms quickly formed certain areas, especially e-commerce. Up to a certain stage, natural monopoly properties will arise and the larger the platform scale, the more obvious the advantage.

However, “if the platforms misuse this advantage, leading to the formation of unfair competition, the behavior is suspected to be illegal”, the punishment that the Administration Department oversees. China has proved it. Realizing the risk, many leading e-commerce platforms such as Taobao, Tmall, JD, 1688 … started to change policies to avoid becoming the next victim of the regulator.

The Internet antitrust campaign in China is accelerating

“This time Alibaba was fined and signaled that relevant departments had tightened antitrust oversight of the platform economy. I believe there will be other antitrust enforcement cases in the future, not just this one, “said a researcher at the Center for Intellectual Property Research, University of Political Science and Law.

In addition, strengthening antitrust and preventing capital expansion causing market disruption is also the Chinese government’s consistent attitude, which was specifically mentioned at the Central Economic Work Conference held. at the end of last year. However, from the development context over the years, the monopoly monitoring here still has a certain delay.

With the rapid development and changing of Internet economic platforms, law enforcement or administrative governance need to keep up with the times, forcing the Chinese authorities to speed up the antitrust war. This is expected to create fair competition and maintain standardized market vitality in the future.

IS weak, America benefits

The US has just moved 60 more IS terrorists to an oil field in Syria. Illustration

The Syrian Arab news agency SANA on April 14 reported that US helicopters had transported dozens of ISIS terrorists from prisons controlled by the Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) in Hasaka province to the mine. al-Omar oil in the countryside east of Deir Ezzor.

According to SANA, 60 IS terrorists were transported on two US helicopters.

Before being sent to the al-Omar oil field, the terrorists were said to have been trained by US forces to join the ranks of the so-called “Tribal Army” led by the Kurdish commander, al-Khabil. leader.

Earlier, on March 31, US helicopters were believed to have transported 40 IS terrorists from al-Houl prison, east of Hasaka city to their base in al-Shadadi city. , south of rural Hasaka, SANA reported.

The handover took place amid a major security campaign underway at al-Hol camp. The campaign involved thousands of soldiers from the SDF, a force backed by the US; Asayish security forces and the Women’s Protection Unit. Al-Hassan revealed, 125 members of IS were arrested during the implementation of the operation.

Meanwhile, the Russian Aerospace Forces, along with the Syrian government forces, have maintained airstrikes against the hiding places of terrorist groups belonging to the IS network, causing heavy damage to the militants. terrorism.

ISIS ‘current tragic situation benefits American forces in return. Some experts believe that US forces have taken advantage of the weaknesses of IS terrorism to take pressure actions and even cooperate to realize their purpose in Syria.

Of course there is no clear evidence for this claim. The fact that US forces move IS terrorists to the base is not enough to prove the above statement. But what is happening shows that the US is stepping up its operations in Syria.

USA, Turkey attacked in Iraq

An ambulance rushed to Erbil airport in northern Iraq. Photo: RT

On the evening of April 14 (local time), the US forces stationed area at Erbil airport in northern Iraq was attacked with a drone, while a nearby Turkish base was hit by rockets. targeted, Reuters news agency said.

The Kurdish autonomous government in Iraq (headquartered in Erbil) said the drone carried TNT explosives and targeted US forces. No one was killed or injured after the attack.

This is considered the first attack using a drone targeting US forces in Erbil. Weapons used in previous attacks are usually rockets and rockets.

On the same day, Turkey’s Defense Ministry said a missile strike killed one of the soldiers at a nearby military base. Iraq confirmed such an attack, saying that shortly before the attack on US forces, two rockets were aimed at the Turkish base.

There is no information about the perpetrators of the above attacks.

Israeli intelligence agency in Iraq was attacked

The “safe house” of the Israeli intelligence agency in northern Iraq. Illustration

According to Sputnik (Russia), the Sabereen News Telegram newspaper said on the morning of April 14 that a mysterious resistance force targeted the “safe house” of the Mossad intelligence agency (Israel) in northern Iraq to attack.

Sabereen News Telegram also said that a few Israeli spies were killed.

According to the Iranian news agency, Sabereen is a newspaper related to the Shitte Harakat Hezbollah al-Nujaba militia group in Iraq. Iran’s PressTV television channel said that no sources in northern Iraq had reported the attack. However, Iran’s FARS news agency said that the area in northern Iraq often had many Israeli elements active and Israel had supported an illegal referendum to secede the area from Iraq in 2017.

Meanwhile, sources in northern Iraq have denied information that Iran’s PressTV channel reported on the Israeli intelligence attack. One source said there was no exact location information and that none of the Kurdish newspapers in northern Iraq had reported or heard of the incident.

The sensitive nature of the case coupled with the lack of information has left many people doubting whether the attack happened.

Previously, Iraqi military bases with US soldiers were also attacked by militias in northern Iraq, including the attack on an air base in Erbil in February. In this incident, dozens of The rocket killed one civilian contractor and injured several people.

Although the Saraya Awliya al-Dam group has accepted responsibility for the attack, US President Joe Biden ordered retaliatory airstrikes, hitting targets in Syria, home to two other Shiite militias.

President Biden maintains that these Shiite groups in Iraq are the proxies of Iran, but both Iran and these groups deny.

Hoa Vu (Th)