Illustration. In hot summer, children often sweat a lot. Sweat is easily deposited in the mouth of the unfinished sweat glands, stimulating the skin, forming nodules, rough touch, and heat rash. Bathing with water alone cannot remove the dirt on the baby’s skin. Therefore, when bathing the baby, the mother should use a little gentle shower gel or lotion with natural extracts mixed in water to bathe the baby, this will help make the baby’s skin healthier, soft and lightly fragrant. gentler, avoiding the attack of harmful bacteria. Note, when bathing the baby should use warm water and should not bathe for too long or too many times a day because it will make the baby’s skin dry. Use sunscreen Not only every adult needs to use sunscreen every day to protect their skin, but so do children. When going outdoors, parents need to apply sunscreen to their children to prevent ultraviolet rays from directly affecting the skin and causing harm to the baby’s skin. In addition, you should limit your children’s exposure to sunlight for too long, especially when UV radiation peaks from 10-14h. In addition to applying sunscreen, when moving outdoors in the sun, parents need to shield children with sun protection items such as wide-brimmed hats, long-sleeved shirts, glasses, … Moisturizing Newborn skin is different from adults, 30% thinner, less durable structure, vulnerable to damage and irritation. Children’s skin is relatively large compared to their body weight, contains a lot of water, but is twice as easy to dry as an adult’s skin. Therefore, atopic dermatitis is very common in children, especially infants and young children. One of the factors that increase the risk of atopic dermatitis is that parents have not paid attention to skin care and done it incorrectly. Doctor Khanh advised, after bathing, mothers should use moisturizing milk for children to limit water loss through the skin. Moisturizing is also the basic measure to prevent and treat atopic dermatitis. The moisturizer works to restore the skin barrier, make the skin soft, fight dryness, reduce itching. In addition, applying moisturizing products regularly is also anti-inflammatory, preventing allergens and bacteria from entering. Protect your skin properly The last and equally important step is to protect the skin. Areas that often sweat or come into contact with urine such as the folds of the neck, the inside of the elbows, the elbows, the arms and legs, the groin, the buttocks, the back, the chest need to be dried. Mothers can apply powder to absorb excess moisture, help the skin to breathe, prevent bacteria from growing, and prevent heat rash. Note that the powder is only applied after cleaning and drying the baby’s skin. Khanh emphasized, the skin is the organ that protects the child’s body from environmental agents, preventing the penetration of allergens and bacteria that cause infections. Proper care will increase the “resistance” of the skin, prevent atopic dermatitis, skin infections and uncomfortable heat rash. Clean, healthy skin also helps children feel comfortable, eat well, sleep deeply, and develop better physically from the first stage of life. Soon I grew up, could talk and walk without my mother’s support. So, take advantage of 20 minutes of skin care every day to bond more closely with your child. The reassuring whispers will make your baby love bath time more than anything. Mothers should also play with their children while playing with water so that the baby feels really comfortable and excited. Gentle massage movements, slowly applying powder will help awaken the senses in children, bring a sense of joy and excitement for children to develop comprehensively and happily.

Kariko Katalin. Photo: Euronews What is mRNA technology? Vaccines with mRNA technology are Covid-19 vaccine most awaited. The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pioneered and quickly approved this vaccine. Compared with traditional technology, mRNA promises to be more effective, faster, safer, with fewer side effects; can compare the difference like a motorbike and a jet. The concept of mRNA was learned in 9th grade, biology lectures taught that mRNA has the function of conveying information that regulates the structure of proteins. Letter m = messenger = information. To make it easy to understand, the process of synthesizing each protein in the human body is like solving a complex math problem, mRNA becomes a manual of mathematical formulas. If humans can create a vaccine in the form of artificial mRNA, when injected into the body, the mRNA will disguise itself as a “thief” that sneaks in but does not wake up the “host”, it silently builds a defense system. are antibody proteins, so that when the virus attacks, it will be destroyed by that system. mRNA urges, haunts Kariko Katalin Kariko Katalin is obsessed with mRNA, she understands this is a very special type of RNA that holds all the secrets to creating billions of billions of proteins in the human body. Theoretically, science can completely manipulate mRNA to create a targeted protein, doing that, mRNA becomes the most powerful weapon to control a variety of diseases. But that’s just a theory. Understanding of mRNA in the 1980s was still very limited. In principle, when injecting mRNA into the human body, it is an allergen, so the body’s defense system will immediately destroy it before the mRNA can perform its functions. That is, the mRNA vaccine, no matter how cleverly disguised, is still a “thief”. But what is more serious, is that the human body’s instinctive resistance to the “thief” is too strong, creating a severe immune response that is potentially fatal. After a lot of failures, most scientists gave up, no one cares about mRNA anymore, that knowledge is scattered on the pages of 9th and 10th grade biology textbooks, so that students can take exams with these questions. boring question. Kariko Katalin was undaunted and continued to dive into research. All efforts paid off when Katalin’s work attracted the attention of two young companies Moderna (Canada) and BioNTech (Germany), after which the giant Pfizer (USA) decided to invest in the production of Covid vaccines. -19 by mRNA technology. That is like winning a ticket to Mars. mRNA technology will not stop at vaccine production, but in the not too distant future, a series of “diseases” such as cancer, stroke, or other dangerous diseases also promise to be “cleared”. The floating life of Kariko Katalin Kariko Katalin was born on January 17, 1955 in Szolnok (Hungary), in a cottage without amenities, but full of love for a family home. Kariko Katalin inherited a gene for biology from her father, a pork salesman, a gene for research perseverance from her mother, an accountant, and was inspired by her passion for biology from the teachers at the school she attended. study. Due to poverty, Kariko Katalin devoted herself to her university years, winning a scholarship to the People’s Republic of Hungary, the most prestigious scholarship at that time. Katalin went on to study for a doctorate, then worked at the biological research center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences in Szeged. Kariko Katalin pursues mRNA technology. It is an area that requires a lot of investment. Hungary in the 1980s was the most liberal and open country in the former Soviet bloc, but it also didn’t have the money to fund major research. Kariko Katalin lost her job at the age of 30. She initially looked for a job in the European Union, but nowhere would accept it, because Katalin had no significant scientific achievements. One afternoon in 1985, Kariko Katalin and her husband took their 2-year-old daughter out of Hungary to find her way to America. The only asset of any value is the old car, which sold for £900 on the black market. To make it through, Kariko Katalin had to cut open her daughter’s toy teddy bear, insert £900, and then sew it back up. Initially in the US, Kariko Katalin was accepted to work at Temple University, but soon her group was disbanded because of lack of funding. In 1989, Kariko Katalin joined the faculty of pharmacy at the University of Pennsylvania. Although she is a full professor, this is the most difficult time, the salary is very low and no one believes her. Things took a turn for the worse in 1995, Kariko couldn’t get funding, couldn’t find a project, and the University of Pennsylvania decided to fire her. It was a horrible time. The room Kariko Katalin lived in was leaking in every evening rain. She has just been diagnosed with cancer while her husband is in Hungary and cannot come to the US because of visa problems. How much time and dedication work seems to be slipping out of hand. “I started to suspect that maybe I wasn’t good, I wasn’t smart. I try to tell myself that everything is here, I just need to do better experiments,” said Kariko Katalin. Turning point In 1998, Kariko Katalin finally received the first $100,000 grant. Strangely enough, that year she also met a man of her life. It was that fateful afternoon, Kariko Katalin went to photocopy documents, she met Drew Weissmen, a colleague who had just moved from the National Institutes of Health. In the meantime, Kariko Katalin told Weissmen about the idea of ​​creating mRNA. Immediately Weissmen saw before his eyes a priceless fortune. Weissmen decided to invest, collaborate with Kariko Katalin, determined to develop mRNA technology in the field of biomedicine. In 2005, the attenuated version of mRNA was released. After reading the study, Derrick Rossi, a Canadian stem cell expert who is doing a PhD student at Stanford University, was amazed. The time has come. Realizing a super profitable business opportunity, Rossi quietly sought investment capital, he founded a small company, named Moderna. In Germany, a new research team also discovered the potential of Kariko Katalin, a new company BioNTech was founded, based in the US. In 2013, BioNTech hired Karko Katalin as a senior mRNA specialist. Moderna and BioNTech did not do much until 2020, when the Covid-19 pandemic broke out, Moderna promoted the production of vaccines by mRNA technology, adding the company BioNTech invested by Pfizer billions of dollars determined to turn their ideas into Kariko Katalin come true.