Analyzes show that the Colombian mammoth that inhabited North America during the last ice age was a hybrid between a woolly mammoth and a previously unknown line of mammoths. In addition, the study also provides new insights into when and how quickly mammoths adapted to cold climates. About a million years ago, there was no woolly mammoth on Earth (also known as tundra mammoth, scientific name: Mammuthus primigenius) ; or the Colombian mammoth (scientific name: Mammuthus columbi) , because they haven’t evolved yet. The ancient steppe mammoths were their ancestors. Researchers have now managed to analyze the genomes of three ancient mammoth species, using DNA recovered from mammoth teeth that had been buried for 0.7 to 1.2 million years in the permafrost layer. in Siberia. This is the first time DNA has been sequenced and authenticated from specimens that are millions of years old, and extracting DNA from these samples has been a challenge. The scientists found that only a small amount of DNA remained in the samples, and that they were broken down into very small fragments. Love Dalén, Professor of evolutionary genetics at the Center for Ancient Genetics in Stockholm, said: “This DNA is very ancient. The specimens are thousands of times older than the Viking relics, and even more predated the existence of humans and Neanderthals”. The ages of the specimens were determined using both geological data and molecular clocks. Both types of analysis show that two of the specimens are more than 1 million years old, while the third is about 700,000 years old and represents one of the earliest known woolly mammoths. come. The unexpected origin of the Colombian mammoth Genomic analysis shows that the oldest specimen, about 1.2 million years old, belongs to a previously unknown lineage of mammoth genes. The researchers call this the Krestovka mammoth, a name based on the area where it was found. The results show that the Krestovka mammoth diverged from other Siberian mammoth species more than 2 million years ago. “This came as a complete surprise to us. All previous studies have shown that there was only one species of mammoth in Siberia at that time, called the steppe mammoth. But the Our DNA analysis now shows that there are 2 different genetic lines, which we here call Mammoth Adycha and Mammoth Krestovka . We can’t say for sure yet, but we think they may represent two different species,” said Tom van der Valk, lead author of the study. Teeth of the Krestovka mammoth. Source: CPG The researchers also suggest that it was the mammoth of the Krestovka lineage that “dominated” North America about 1.5 million years ago. In addition, analyzes show that the Colombian mammoth, which lived in North America during the last ice age, was a hybrid. Nearly half of its genome comes from the Krestovka lineage and the other half from the woolly mammoth. “This is an important discovery. It seems that the Colombian mammoth, one of the most iconic species of the Ice Age in North America, evolved through a crossbreeding that took place about 420,000 years ago.” – Dong Author Patrícia Pečnerová said. Evolution and adaptation in the woolly mammoth The second million-year-old genome, from the Adycha mammoth, appears to be the ancestor of the woolly mammoth. The researchers were therefore able to compare its genome with that of one of the earliest known woolly mammoths that lived 0.7 million years ago, as well as with the genome of a mammoth. sucking only a few thousand years old. This makes it possible for scientists to investigate how mammoths adapted to life in cold environments and the extent to which this adaptation evolved during speciation. Proving how this giant animal has “risen” strongly over the past millions of years under extreme cold weather. The analyzes show that gene variants associated with life in the Arctic, such as hair growth, thermoregulation, fat accumulation, cold tolerance and circadian rhythms , appeared in the million-year-old mammoth, long before the origin of the woolly mammoth. These results indicate that most adaptations in the mammoth lineage occurred slowly and gradually over time. “Our analysis shows that most of the adaptations to cold weather were present in the ancestors of the woolly mammoth, and we found no evidence for natural selection. faster in speciation,” said co-author David Díez-del-Molino. Like their modern relatives, mammoths were quite large. The largest known species reach a height of 4 m and a weight of up to 8 tons, with some particularly large males weighing more than 12 tons. Future research The new results open the door to a host of future studies on other species. Love Dalén and co-author Patrícia Pečnerová with a mammoth tusk on Wrangel Island (Arctic Ocean). Photo: Gleb Danilov About a million years ago was a time when many species of organisms flourished across the globe. This is also a time of great changes in climate and sea levels, and the last time the Earth’s magnetic poles change positions. Therefore, the researchers think that genetic analyzes on this time scale have great potential to explore a wide range of scientific questions. “One of the big questions right now is how far back in time we can go. We haven’t reached the limit for the longest. It is expected that we can recover DNA that is two million years old, and even more so. can even go back as far as 2.6 million. Before that, there was no permafrost where ancient DNA could be preserved.” Anders Götherström, Professor of Molecular Archeology and lead researcher at the Center for Paleontology. These findings are published in the journal Nature.

The world’s major media outlets are simultaneously reporting on the elephants’ more than 500km journey from their habitat in the southwestern mountains of Yunnan to the outskirts of Kunming city. The elephants were filmed on the outskirts of Kunming city. Photo: AP. Rising star Over the past few days, elephants have become famous on China’s Weibo social network. Pictures of sleeping elephants attracted 25,000 posts and 200 million views on the evening of June 7. On Twitter and YouTube, users share cute videos of the elephants, especially the image of two young in the herd slipping into an irrigation ditch and needing the help of two adult elephants. AP . “We should be like these elephants, more family-oriented, take families on vacation, help, care for and protect each other,” said a YouTube comment by the account MrDeterministicchaos. The elephants were monitored via street security cameras as well as dozens of aerial recording drones. The elephants’ journey went unnoticed until May 24, when they entered Ngashan County, Yunnan Province, and caused a stir in the densely populated district. Elephants enter people’s houses, eat corn and other crops. One baby elephant even got drunk after entering the winery. The elephants have scoured some houses and fields. Photo: AP. Herds of elephants scour many farms for food and water. The elephants also went into a car dealership, even “visiting” a nursing home. They poked their trunks in through the window, causing a man to hide under the bed to avoid scaring the elephants. To date, the elephant herd has not caused any damage to people or livestock. However, crop damage is said to be more than $1 million. When they left their home in the mountains of southwestern Yunnan province, the herd numbered 16. However, authorities said the two children had returned. During the migration, a mother elephant gave birth to a young. The elephant herd now consists of 6 males and 3 adult females, 3 young individuals and 3 newborns. It is not clear why the elephants roam The reason the elephants travel such long distances is still a mystery. However, the elephants seem to be particularly attracted to maize, fruit and tropical crops. Some say that the herd of elephants is lost from the leader of the herd. According to Nilanga Jayasinghe, director of the Asian animal conservation program at the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), Asian elephants are attached to their habitat. Elephants only leave when there are major disturbances, loss of resources, or a sharp increase in the number of individuals. “In this case, we really don’t know why they left their range. But we do know their habitat has been severely damaged by agriculture, which converts forests into arable land. in that area for the past few decades,” Ms. Jayasinghe said. The WWF expert said that it is likely that the elephants are looking for a new habitat, now they are lost and just keep moving. The reason why the elephants moved away from their original range is still a mystery. Photo: AP. Chinese authorities have actively taken action to avoid negative interactions, but they must soon determine “what to do next, as well as avoid creating conflicts between elephants and people”, Ms. Jayasinghe said. Elephants are one of the most heavily protected species in China, which has helped the country’s elephant population continue to grow steadily despite the continuous shrinking of its natural habitat. Chinese authorities ask people to exercise maximum restraint when encountering elephants. At the place where the elephants pass, people are asked to stay indoors, not to stare at the elephant, not to use fire or any other measures to scare the elephant away. To date, authorities have adopted a variety of passive measures to keep the elephants away from urban areas, such as parking trucks and construction equipment in roadblocks, as well as using food to lure the elephants. By June 8, the elephants were on the outskirts of Kunming city. One of the adult males is separating himself from the herd, which creates both excitement and concern for those who want to continue monitoring the herd. In a statement on June 7, the command center monitoring the elephants said the elephants appeared to be resting. Chinese authorities have mobilized 410 rapid response personnel, police, many motor vehicles, and 14 drones to monitor the elephant herd. People living in the area near where the elephants passed have been evacuated. Temporary traffic control measures have been implemented. Authorities also prepared 2 tons of food for the elephants. One of the goals now is “to keep quiet to create conditions to lead the elephants to migrate west and south,” the command center said. The Asian elephant is the largest land animal in Eurasia. The number of Asian elephant species living in the wild is generally declining, currently only about 50,000 individuals. Habitat destruction, illegal hunting, and anthropogenic impact are the biggest threats to elephant survival. Herd of elephants ‘march’ in the city in China A herd of elephants travels from a tropical forest in Yunnan province (China) into downtown Kunming. They went into a car store and broke into people’s houses to eat 200 kg of corn.

The rare, seemingly extinct species of Truong Son Mang has just been discovered by camera traps in Phong Dien Nature Reserve, TT-Hue. Photo: Provided by the Nature Reserve On June 12, information from the leader of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of TT-Hue province said that the local functional forces had just discovered the endemic, rare, and seemingly extinct ungulate through photo traps for many months. Along with that are records of the diverse appearance of many species of birds and wild animals in Phong Dien Nature Reserve. International experts said that it could be Truong Son or Mang Roosevel. Photo: Provided by the Nature Reserve Previously, Phong Dien Nature Reserve Management Board and Viet Nature Conservation Center conducted a survey and set up more than 100 photo traps in the deep forest area of ​​this reserve. The choice of photo traps is located in dangerous areas according to the diagram that coincides with the foraging path of wild animals. In particular, the mission set up photo traps focusing on the habitat of the white-crested Pheasant (Lophura edwardsi). As a result, after 2 months (from March 12 to May 28) setting photo traps in an 11-hectare forest area of ​​Phong Dien Nature Reserve, the team obtained more than 200 photos of 20 species of mammals. and 11 species of birds; in which, the number of photos of wildlife accounts for the majority. Gam civet at Phong Dien Nature Reserve. Photo: Provided by the Nature Reserve Although there were no images of the White Crested Pheasant as the original target, the mission recorded the appearance of some extremely rare animals. In particular, among them are the extinct Truong Son Mang (Muntiacus truongsonensis) and the Red Civet (Chrotogale owstoni) – an endangered animal on the IUCN Red List 2016. According to Mr. Nguyen Dai Anh Tuan, Deputy Director of the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of TT-Hue Province, as soon as he received the information, he contacted Dr. Rob Timmins – Technical Director of Saola Foundation, the world’s leading expert on hoofed mammals. clogs to exchange information correctly. The interesting appearance of two individuals of Truong Son Mang – an extremely rare and seemingly extinct species in Vietnam. Photo: Provided by the Nature Reserve From the images sent, Dr. Rob Timmins said that it is not a big Mang. Mr. Rob doubts between Mang Truong Son and Mang roosevel. The special thing is that both of these species are endemic and rare ungulates that have just been discovered or re-discovered in Vietnam and Laos. According to Mr. Le Ngoc Tuan, Director of Phong Dien Nature Reserve, Truong Son Mang has been discovered in the Truong Son mountain range in Vietnam in 1997. Tri Sao. Photo: Provided by the Nature Reserve Although there is not enough data to assess the risk of extinction, it has been a long time since this individual was rediscovered in the TT-Hue forest area. The results show that there are at least 2 individuals of this species in the forest. That fact is extremely valuable for the scientific study of this species. In addition to the Truong Son Mang, the camera traps recorded rare animals such as the star pheasant (Rheinardia ocellata), the golden cash chicken (Polyplectron bicalcaratum), the Central Vietnamese chicken (Arborophila merlini) and some mammals such as the striped rabbit. Nesolagus timminsi), chamois (Capricornis milneedwardsii maritimus)… Moldy Civet Elephant. Photo: Phong Dien NR According to Mr. Tuan, in the study area through recording camera traps, the presence of people is very little; There is no hunting or logging phenomenon. Thereby, reflecting the well-protected research area. However, the fact that there are 20 species of mammals and 11 species of birds recorded through photographic traps located within the study area is still modest, compared to the total area of ​​more than 41,000 ha of the reserve. Cauldron. Photo: Phong Dien NR Star hemorrhoids. Photo: Phong Dien NR In the coming time, this reserve will continue to expand the research area, update the list of animals and establish distribution maps of endemic and endangered species for effective protection solutions.

The bushy-haired cow, also known as the Scottish highland cow, is an indigenous breed of cattle Scottish highland cows are impressed by their long horns and dense fur, especially on the forehead. This cow’s “hair” is considered to be the longest of any cattle breed and helps protect it during cold winters. Scottish highland cows are raised mainly for meat, which is very good quality because it contains less cholesterol. Meanwhile, the milk of Scottish highland cows often has a very high butter content The Komondor, also known as the rag dog, is a long-standing traditional dog breed, a national treasure of Hungary. This breed has a twisted white coat. Komondor’s fur can be from 20 – 27cm long with a total weight of about 30 kg The Komondor’s fur is soft and silky, but due to its natural curls, it tends to curl itself into small tufts like a rag. Therefore, each bath, this dog will take more than 2 days for the coat to be completely dry In addition to the “terrible” fur, Komondor also possesses extraordinary health, agility and flexibility. People often keep rag dogs to protect the sheep from the attack of wolves or bears Silkie chicken is one of the most popular ornamental chicken breeds today. Originating from China, Silkie chickens were brought to Europe about 200 years ago. They are referred to by zoologists as a cross between a chicken and a rabbit Silkie chicken has an extremely lovely appearance with fluffy fur like a Japanese dog. This plumage covers the bodies of Silkie chickens and only their faces can be seen. With this characteristic ruffled feathers, Silkie chickens can live in places with harsh climates Silkie chickens have a lifespan of about nine years. This is also an easy animal to keep. Their main food is green vegetables, rice, and rice This colorful peacock-like Nicobar pigeon is found on the small islands and coasts of the Nicobar Islands, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and both the Solomons and Palau. The head of the Nicobar pigeon is bluish-gray, similar to the upper neck feathers. The tail is very short, pure white. The rest of the coat has an iridescent green color alternating with vibrant colors such as pink, purple pink, orange, green, emerald green… With this special appearance, Nicobar is dubbed the The species that possesses the most beautiful plumage in the bird world According to the explanation of scientists, the reason why Nicobar pigeons have more vibrant colors than ordinary pigeons is due to the geographical location where they live mainly. Living in a small archipelago, where there are not many natural enemies, Nicobar pigeons can comfortably wear eye-catching costumes without fear of being detected. Angora rabbit is one of the animals with the most special fur in the world Angora has a round body like a ball, weighing 2-3,4kg. Species out, this rabbit species has a very prominent feature, which is long and soft fur, covering both the face, legs, and the top and ears. With such a lovely appearance, Angora rabbits are also compared to “jumping cotton balls”. Angora rabbit’s fur can be about 2.5cm long each month. The fur of the Angora rabbit is used to make a wool called Angora. This wool is soft, smooth, thin and cottony but not strong enough The seo-tailed bird (scientific name Pharamachrus mocinno) is one of the most beautiful birds in the world. They usually live in the mountains and rainforests of Central America. Favorite foods are fruits, insects, lizards and other small creatures During the mating season, the male bird is adorned with two tail feathers up to 1m long and colorful plumage. Unlike males, females do not have long tails and are less vibrant in color The seo-tailed bird is afraid of confinement. They would rather take their own lives than be kept in cages or chains. Thus, they became the symbol of Guatemala, a country in Central America and also embodied a mighty god in ancient Mayan mythology. The golden pheasant has the scientific name of Chrysolophus pictus. They are native to China but are also found in the dense forests of England, Scotland, Spain and France. Yellow pheasant is one of the most brilliantly plumage species in the bird family with its brilliant yellow “hair”, combined with its distinctive bright red and green colors. In particular, the male birds own an impressive 90-105cm long tail, accounting for about 2/3 of the body length. Yellow pheasants rarely fly and usually spend most of their time on the ground foraging for food such as fruit, seeds and insects. Yellow hemorrhoids symbolize luck and prosperity Mangalitsa or Mangalica is a rare breed of pig that originated in Hungary. A special feature of this pig is the thick, long, shaggy coat that covers the whole body like sheep’s wool. The Mangalitsa pig breed has many different coat colors such as yellow, light yellow or red… Mangalitsa pigs do not require special care, their main food is wheat, corn, barley, grass… Mangalitsa pork is considered one of the best meat in the world. Compared to other pigs, the Mangalitsa pig possesses superior intelligence. Therefore, they are famous as pigs with cute looks like sheep and smart like dogs

How do jellyfish form? Ms. Miranda Lowe, curator of the Natural History Museum, in London, England, said the life cycle of most jellyfish species is similar. As hermaphrodites, jellyfish have two gonads, male and female, located in the longitudinal gastric tube symmetrically across the gastric plane. Normally, a jellyfish goes through five stages in its life. First, the adult jellyfish will “lay” eggs and sperm into the water. These two cells combine to form a fertilized egg in water. The fertilized egg develops into a small larva, called a planula. It looks like a microscopic worm and can move freely through the water. The planula will look for a solid surface, such as the seabed, for shelter. During this time, it will develop a digestive system and be able to feed itself. Thanks to the right water and temperature conditions, the planula will turn into a polyp. Polyps sprout, multiplying themselves into large clumps that look like giant bushes. When the right conditions are met, the polyps release into many young jellyfish. After the jellyfish is produced, the polyp changes to a younger polyp form. Young jellyfish continue to grow into adults. Despite their unique beginnings, most jellyfish have a short life span, usually from a few hours to several months. Some species can live for several years. However, the immortal jellyfish (scientific name: Turritopsis Dohrnii) is outside this rule. The secret of “tricking” Death The Immortal Jellyfish is a jellyfish-like waterfowl, of the phylum Cnidaria, commonly found in the Mediterranean Sea or the Sea of ​​Japan. It is shaped like a bell, with a diameter of about 4.5mm. The membrane of this jellyfish is quite thin, except for a little thick at the top. Their stomachs are relatively large, bright red in color. Young jellyfish are 1mm in diameter and have only 8 tentacles evenly spaced along the edge, while adults have 80-90 tentacles. Immortal jellyfish can reverse their life cycle when injured or starving to death. This means they could theoretically last forever. When physically damaged or under stress from starvation, the adult immortal jellyfish will transform the body’s tissues and circulatory system back to a polyp state. Because of the loss of tentacles and the ability to swim, polyps again settle to the sea floor. Over the next 24 – 36 hours, this polyp will develop into a new polyp, located in the early stages of the jellyfish. Then gradually, this polyp will hatch into a jellyfish. This phenomenon is compared to the life cycle of a butterfly. Instead of dying, the butterfly can transform back into a caterpillar and then from the cocoon, it will spread its wings again. The process behind the “rebirth” of the immortal jellyfish is a process of differentiated transformation, which is extremely rare in animals. According to research by scientists, cells in adult jellyfish and cells in polyps are different. The process of adult jellyfish shrinking into polyps allows it to form a new body, different from its original form. But the new adult jellyfish and the old jellyfish are genetically identical. Reversing the life cycle can be repetitive. In perfect habitat conditions, immortal jellyfish will never die of old age. Ms. Miranda commented: ‘We can be too focused on the large jellyfish. But little animals like this can provide a lot of great science about jellyfish and the natural world.” Diagram of the life cycle of a jellyfish. Faint existence Scientists think that the immortal jellyfish likely existed in the oceans long before the dinosaurs went extinct about 66 million years ago. But research on this animal only began in the 1980s. Immortal jellyfish were first discovered by scientists in 1883, but it was not until 100 years later, in 1980, that people accidentally discovered their immortality. University students Christian Sommer and Giorgio Bavestrello collected polyps from immortal jellyfish and watched them until the polyps turned into jellyfish. As immortal jellyfish mature, they assume that they must reproduce before they die. But unlike other species, they quickly turn back into polyps and settle to the bottom of the tank. Through observation, the two students realized that when under stress, this jellyfish would fall to the bottom of the tank and transform without fertilization or becoming a planula. This discovery led scientists to name the jellyfish Turritopsis Dohrnii the immortal jellyfish. However, not always immortal jellyfish can “fool” Death. They are the prey of many other animals such as sharks and turtles. The polyps of the immortal jellyfish are also defenseless against the pursuit of sea slugs or crustaceans. It is difficult to find out how long the immortal jellyfish can live. Immortal jellyfish are very sensitive, so laboratory studies are also fraught with challenges. Despite the difficulties, Mr. Shin Kubota, a Japanese scientist, has been raising immortal jellyfish since the 1990s. He commented that taking care of them is very time-consuming. Every day, he has to monitor the water temperature, the ambient temperature, the salinity of the water. The species’ favorite food is shrimp eggs, which must also be crushed. Kubota’s research shows that, in about two years in captivity, the immortal jellyfish have “rejuvenated” about 10 times. This jellyfish has a relatively secretive lifestyle, so their development is difficult to detect. Small size, translucent color, so immortal jellyfish are hard to see with the naked eye. Another reason the immortal jellyfish’s existence is overshadowed is that their existence does not have a negative impact on the environment. Also, in the treasure of human knowledge, the immortal jellyfish is still a mystery to be discovered in the future.

The work is in the Top 10 scientific books of the year by Booklist, Top 11 books of the Daily Beast and was voted by the New York Times Book Review as a Notable Book in 2012. (Source: Medisights) The faces of murderers are different With disease origin, David Quammen weaves an exceptional story, a detective novel with very different, but also very real, killers. They are viruses, bacteria and protozoa that cause disease in animals, but sometimes, they will change their target and jump to humans. Each chapter of the book is a journey in pursuit of a new criminal, led by a team of detectives from all over the world. The book is the notes of David Quammen in the process of accompanying them, following the traces to find the culprit. After the first chapter on the terrible virus that decimates both horses and humans, the Ebola virus emerges through a dark story, with dead gorillas stacked on top of each other, carrion in the woods and magic. The story doesn’t need the usual Ebola hype to create a macabre atmosphere (with bloody tears and melted organs) and the author doesn’t need to, because the disease itself terrible enough. He is more interested in delving into these diseases, learning what we already know about them and how that helps us prevent new diseases from appearing in the future, while limiting their consequences. their fruit. In each chapter, the diseases gradually become clear, starting with just a couple of rumors, a few mysterious deaths that seem unrelated to each other. The investigation process gradually unravels the problem, until finally the truth of the culprit is revealed. Along the way, we’ll see the myriad ways pathogens can move from host to host – through feces, secretions, mucus and blood – and explore possible dangerous behaviors leads to exposure: climbing trees, drinking date sap, eating or simply touching dead animals. The author also looks for unintentional accomplices who are animals that carry the disease before it is transmitted to humans: pigs, birds, monkeys, gorillas and bats. The Detective’s Journey However, the real heroes here are the detectives – scientists who work non-stop, from the lab to the field, looking for answers to cases committed by petty murderers. baby caused. Not only talented in describing how the virus works, David Quammen is also very successful in painting portraits of those heroes: from molecular biologists studying SARS “with the instincts of a epidemiologist with the courage of a red-faced monkey”, to the ecologist with a passion for exotic oriental dishes, to the veterinary pathologist with “the tough and stern body of a The former rugby player has passed the age of 40. The historical details can be found in the book as well: 19th century scientists used optical microscopes to look for tiny organisms in the blood cells of malaria patients, while the virus continued to hide behind a veil of mystery until the invention of the electron microscope in the 1930s. Readers also see important historical milestones such as: President Hoover banned the import of parrots into the United States; an outbreak of arthritis and a rash, preceded by contact with deer ticks, in the town of Lyme in Connecticut; and a series of seemingly harmless, but actually deadly, cases in a series of male patients in the United States in the 1980s. Author David Quammen. (Source: Town Hall Seattle) David Quammen has carried us around the world, from the labs to the field with investigators – bat traps in China, monkeys in Bangladesh, deep into the jungles of Cameroon. Towards the end of the book, we’ll leave reality a little behind and embark on a fictional voyage to the origins of HIV along the Congo River. The author also asserts that the appearance of diseases transmitted from animals, pathogens that find us from other organisms, is not new, but is on the rise. He seeks to find the reason behind that phenomenon in the final chapter of the book: the huge population of humans, along with the immense amount of livestock, the destruction of natural habitats, damaged ecosystems. disruption – things that can completely turn into a debate about nature’s revenge on humanity. David Quammen is one of today’s most influential journalists and authors, a three-time US National Magazine Award recipient. His articles have been published in famous magazines such as National Geographic, New York Times, Rolling Stone and Harpers.

Australia – kangaroos Kangaroo is a symbol that just hearing people think of Australia. This country is also known as “the land of kangaroos”. This species mainly lives in grasslands, savannas, forests… Theo BBC For a long time, Australians do not have the habit of eating kangaroos. However, about a decade ago, they started eating it because it’s good for the environment. Australians are encouraged to eat kangaroo meat. Photo: Hypro. The country’s ecologists say the number of kangaroos has exceeded the control level, affecting the environment. In 2010, Australia had only 27 million kangaroos. Six years later, the number has grown to 45 million. Dishes with kangaroo meat can include steak, meatballs, barbecue, sausage. Some people have said that kangaroo meat smells like beef but is tougher, has a stronger smell than lamb. In addition to kangaroos, Australians also eat the emu bird (Australian ostrich), which is also the symbol of this country. Denmark – swan The swan is a symbol of Denmark and often appears with beautiful images in fairy tales. In many European countries, eating this animal is also prohibited. However, this is not a problem for the Danes. Eating swan meat is not illegal in Denmark. Photo: Hello National. Share on Esquire , Mario Batali, who once ate swan said its meat is deep red, lean. Some people say the meat of this species is smelly and chewy. However, the Cr8ive1 account of a cooking blog countered. This person said that after processing, swan meat is quite soft. You just need to keep the heat on medium, no need to cook too thoroughly. “Its taste is very interesting and controversial,” this person shared. However, you will find it very difficult to find recipes for swan meat online. Finland – brown bear The ancient Finns worshiped brown bears. There are 200 names for this species in their language. Finns today are used to calling nalle, otso and mesikämmen… Some other common names in the past include mettä, metsä, otava and mörkö. Bear meat is expensive food. Photo: Npr. However, nowadays, you can absolutely find restaurants serving brown bear meat in Finland. It can be used as a steak or burger. In this country, about 150 bears are hunted every year. The hunter has the right to own it. Hunters often keep the feathers and sell the meat. However, bear meat needs to go through many rigorous tests before reaching users to avoid worm diseases. Usually, bear meat is sold whole, not retail. Some people have said that the bear paw cooked with goose fat is the most famous. Each piece of bear meat usually costs about 160 USD. “You’ll need a glass of red wine to savor the meat”, blog owner A Luxury Travel to speak. Saudi Arabia – camel Not many parts of the world love camel meat like Saudi Arabia. According to the World Atlas Camel meat is a staple of the country’s diet. Statistics for 2020 of Global Trade Mark shows that Saudi Arabia is the largest consumer of camel meat (113,000 tons), far ahead of the UAE (2nd place, 35,000 tons). Camel meat is consumed in huge quantities in Saudi Arabia. Photo: The Food Ranger. Camel meat is high in protein, low in fat and has almost no saturated fat. It contains many amino acids, iron, glycogen that help support the growth of nerve cells. There was a time when the MERS epidemic raged, camel meat lost its place because studies showed the animal was an intermediary that spread the virus to humans. Spain – bulls For a long time, the people of the country of gaur have not hesitated to eat the meat of their national symbol. The Spaniards are famous for letting the bulls fight each other to the death and then eat the meat. The Spanish-style stewed oxtail is very famous. Photo: Travel + Leisure. “The meat is very tough. We have to cut it first and cook it with red wine overnight. Then it needs to be stewed for another four hours before serving customers,” said a local restaurant manager. If you go to Spain, you should probably try the stewed oxtail. This is considered the most delicious dish from the gaur.

On May 26, the Biden administration directed US intelligence officials to take a closer look origin of SARS-CoV-2 , including theories such as animal-to-human transmission and lab leaks. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has so far infected more than 172 million people globally and caused more than 3 million deaths. (Photo courtesy: AFP) To date, the most comprehensive look at the origins of Covid-19 is a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) published on March 30 by an international team of researchers who traveled to China to Investigate the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, weeks later, many countries around the world have expressed concern that investigators have not had access to adequate data, while scientists say the report clearly shows how the virus develope. “The quick and obvious answer is not possible, as it normally takes years to trace the source of the virus. But in this case, I think we have enough evidence to make some hypotheses about SARS-CoV-2,” said Angela Rasmussen, a virologist at the Center for Global Health Science and Security at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Georgetown University Health, said. In the WHO report, the team found that it is possible that SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted from one animal to another before it was transmitted to humans. They also looked at evidence supporting the hypothesis that the virus was transmitted directly to humans from the original host animal, or that the virus spread through the frozen food supply chain. In addition, the research team said that the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan (China) is “very unlikely”. Below are the evidences for each of the four hypotheses about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 that the WHO report makes. 1. Direct animal-to-human transmission WHO assesses direct transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from animals to humans as a “probable” possibility. The SARS-CoV-2 virus originated in an animal, possibly a bat, and then spread to humans. The WHO report provides evidence that the majority of coronaviruses that infect humans come from animals, including the virus that caused the 2003 SARS outbreak. Bats are thought to be the most likely animal to cause it. epidemics of Covid-19 because they are hosts of a virus that is genetically related to SARS- CoV-2. The WHO report acknowledges the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 spread to humans from pangolins or ferrets. However, David Robertson, a virologist at the University of Glasgow, said that the WHO team of scientists had sampled many animals other than bats for study, and the analysis showed that bats are a natural reservoir for the virus. SARS-CoV-2. 2. Transmission from animals to humans through an intermediate host According to WHO, the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals to humans through an intermediate host is very high. In the event that SARS-CoV-2 was not transmitted directly from bats to humans, the scientists believe the most likely hypothesis is that the virus first spread through another animal species, such as a ferret or ferret. pangolin. Unlike bats, these animals are in constant contact with humans, especially if they are raised on farms or during the illegal wildlife trade. If SARS-CoV-2 was initially transmitted to another animal, that could also explain how the virus adapted to harm humans, although Robertson said the virus probably won’t change much. Genome analyzes show that SARS-CoV-2 is a virus specifically adapted to humans, which explains why it can be easily transmitted between pangolins, ferrets, cats and other species. other animals. The WHO report indicates that this is the route that previous corona viruses have taken to infect humans. For example, the SARS virus is believed to have passed from bats to civets before causing an epidemic in humans in 2002. Meanwhile, the virus that causes MERS has been found in camels throughout the Middle East. Daniel Lucey, an infectious diseases specialist at Georgetown University Medical Center, said that the similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and coronavirus families like SARS and MERS are a compelling argument that the strain type This virus can be transmitted in the same way. However, if this hypothesis is correct, it remains unclear what the intermediate host for the transmission of the virus from animals to humans is. The WHO team analyzed samples from thousands of domestic animals across China, all of which tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Mr. Lucey said that the WHO team did not adequately examine mink raised in China, one of the suspected intermediate hosts. 3. Transmission through frozen food WHO assesses the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 transmission through frozen food is probable. Another theory is that the virus can be transmitted to humans through the cold supply chain, the supply chain that distributes frozen food. In this case, the virus may have originated outside of China but spread into the country through the surface of the food packaging or in the food itself. This hypothesis gained interest in the summer of 2020 after several outbreaks in China. Since then, there has been some evidence that pathogens can survive longer at cold temperatures. However, while cold supply chains may play a role in new outbreaks, scientists say there is little reason to think that is the source of the pandemic. There is no direct evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes food-borne outbreaks, while Rasmussen noted that SARS-CoV-2 is rarely spread through surfaces. . “It is not an impossibility. This possibility cannot be ruled out. But I think the current evidence is not enough to show that,” Ms. Rasmussen said. 4. Leaks from the lab According to WHO, the possibility of the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaking from the laboratory is extremely unlikely. The most controversial theory about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is that the virus leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan, where scientists studied coronaviruses in bats. WHO scientists point out that there is little evidence that the virus leaked from the laboratory. An employee works at the laboratory of the Wuhan Institute of Virology (China). Photo: AFP There are 2 possibilities of the SARS-CoV-2 lab leak hypothesis, that is, a researcher was accidentally infected in the laboratory or the researchers intentionally invented a corona virus strain to create SARS. -CoV-2. However, the researchers completely rejected the second possibility that SARS-CoV-2 was created by genetic evidence that the virus arose spontaneously. WHO focuses on the possibility that the virus accidentally escaped from a laboratory where wildlife samples are being studied. Although there have been laboratory leaks in the past, the WHO report indicates that these are very rare. According to the WHO report, there is no record of any laboratory in Wuhan working on a virus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 before the first cases of Covid-19 were diagnosed. diagnosed in December 2019, nor have any laboratory staff reported symptoms of Covid-19. An article by the Wall Street Journal on May 23 stated that three researchers from China’s Wuhan Institute of Virology became ill in November 2019 and were hospitalized with “symptoms consistent with both Covid-19. -19 and seasonal flu. However, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian on May 25 denied this information. When the WHO report was released in April, Mr. Lucey believed the hypothesis was plausible, although less likely than animal-to-human transmission due to the lack of evidence. Lucey pointed out that there was no forensic investigation of the Wuhan labs. “There really isn’t any way to prove or disprove the lab leak theory based on what is presented in this report,” Ms. Rasmussen said, noting that, to address the issue, A forensic examination of the laboratory is required to find the origin of SARS-COV-2. According to expert Robertson, supporters of the virus lab leak hypothesis argue that SARS-CoV-2 has spread too quickly and effectively in humans to become a virus of natural origin. But if SARS-CoV-2 is a “smart” virus, according to genomic studies, Robertson said, it is not surprising that it infects humans so quickly and so strongly.

The bush cow, also known as the Scottish highland cow, is an indigenous breed of cattle Scottish highland cows are impressed by their long horns and dense fur, especially on the forehead. This cow’s “hair” is considered to be the longest of any cattle breed and helps protect it during cold winters. Scottish highland cows are raised mainly for meat, which is very good quality because it contains less cholesterol. Meanwhile, the milk of Scottish highland cows often has a very high butter content The Komondor, also known as the rag dog, is a long-standing traditional dog breed, a national treasure of Hungary. This breed has a twisted white coat. Komondor’s fur can be from 20 – 27cm long with a total weight of about 30 kg The Komondor’s fur is soft and silky, but due to its natural curls, it tends to curl itself into small tufts like a rag. Therefore, each bath, this dog will take more than 2 days for the coat to be completely dry In addition to the “terrible” fur, Komondor also possesses extraordinary health, agility and flexibility. People often keep rag dogs to protect the sheep from the attack of wolves or bears Silkie chicken is one of the most popular ornamental chicken breeds today. Originating from China, Silkie chickens were brought to Europe about 200 years ago. They are referred to by zoologists as a cross between a chicken and a rabbit Silkie chicken has an extremely lovely appearance with fluffy fur like a Japanese dog. This plumage covers the bodies of Silkie chickens and only their faces can be seen. With this characteristic ruffled feathers, Silkie chickens can live in places with harsh climates Silkie chickens have a lifespan of about nine years. This is also an easy animal to keep. Their main food is green vegetables, rice, and rice This colorful peacock-like Nicobar pigeon is found on the small islands and coasts of the Nicobar Islands, the eastern Malay Archipelago, and both the Solomons and Palau. The head of the Nicobar pigeon is bluish-gray, like the upper neck feathers. The tail is very short, pure white. The rest of the coat has an iridescent green color alternating with vibrant colors such as pink, purple pink, orange, green, emerald green… With this special appearance, Nicobar is dubbed the The species that possesses the most beautiful plumage in the bird world According to the explanation of scientists, the reason why Nicobar pigeons have more vibrant colors than ordinary pigeons is due to the geographical location where they live mainly. Living in a small archipelago, where there are not many natural enemies, Nicobar pigeons can comfortably wear eye-catching costumes without fear of being detected. Angora rabbit is one of the animals with the most special fur in the world Angora has a round body like a ball, weighing 2-3,4kg. Species out, this rabbit species has a very prominent feature, which is long and soft fur, covering both the face, legs, and the top and ears. With such a lovely appearance, Angora rabbits are also compared to “jumping cotton balls”. Angora rabbit’s fur can be about 2.5cm long each month. The fur of the Angora rabbit is used to make a wool called Angora. This wool is soft, smooth, thin and cottony but not strong enough The seo-tailed bird (scientific name Pharamachrus mocinno) is one of the most beautiful birds in the world. They usually live in the mountains and rainforests of Central America. Favorite foods are fruits, insects, lizards and other small creatures During the mating season, the male bird is adorned with two tail feathers up to 1m long and colorful plumage. Unlike males, females do not have long tails and are less vibrant in color The seo-tailed bird is afraid of confinement. They would rather take their own lives than be kept in cages or chains. Thus, they became the symbol of Guatemala, a country in Central America and also embodied a mighty god in ancient Mayan mythology. The golden pheasant has the scientific name of Chrysolophus pictus. They are native to China but are also found in the dense forests of England, Scotland, Spain and France. Yellow pheasant is one of the most brilliantly plumage species in the bird family with its brilliant yellow “hair”, combined with its distinctive bright red and green colors. In particular, the male birds own an impressive 90-105cm long tail, accounting for about 2/3 of the body length. Yellow pheasants rarely fly and usually spend most of their time on the ground foraging for food such as fruit, seeds and insects. Yellow hemorrhoids symbolize luck and prosperity Mangalitsa or Mangalica is a rare breed of pig that originated in Hungary. A special feature of this pig is the thick, long, shaggy coat that covers the whole body like sheep’s wool. The Mangalitsa pig breed has many different coat colors such as yellow, light yellow or red… Mangalitsa pigs do not require special care, their main food is wheat, corn, barley, grass… Mangalitsa pork is considered one of the best meat in the world. Compared to other pigs, the Mangalitsa pig possesses superior intelligence. Therefore, they are famous as pigs with cute looks like sheep and smart like dogs

Ranger Station No. 8 coordinated with Dak Rue Border Gate Border Station to detect animal traps placed in the forest. Photo: Ngoc Lan Yok Don National Park was established in 1992, is the second largest national park in the country, with an area of ​​115,545 hectares and is also the only place to preserve dipterocarp forest (DDF) in Vietnam. DDF is a unique type of forest ecosystem, containing many important and endemic species. Yok Don National Park is home to many wildlife species, including 92 species of mammals, 373 species of birds, 18 species of amphibians, 55 species of reptiles, 373 species of birds and 1,006 species of plants, hundreds of species freshwater fish and thousands of species of insects. Many of these species are listed in the Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Mr. Pham Tuan Linh, Director of Yok Don National Park said: “Yok Don National Park manages and protects a large forest area. Meanwhile, the swidden area of ​​the people is interwoven with the forest area managed by the Ranger Stations, so the subjects take advantage of the forest to hunt, shoot, trap and catch forest animals. In particular, during the dry season, when the vegetation is on fire, forest animals will move into semi-evergreen and evergreen forest areas for shelter and in places near the remaining water sources in the forest such as forests. lake, puddle. Taking advantage of this behavior of forest animals, many subjects have hunted, shot, and trapped wild animals. Since the beginning of 2020, the Yok Don National Park Ranger force has promptly detected, prevented and handled 37 cases related to wild animals. In which, there are 20 cases with owners and 17 cases without owners; The seized exhibits include 5 individuals of wild animals and more than 120kg of animal meat. In addition, the Ranger force also seized 27 custom shotguns and more than 150 cable traps of all kinds. Most of the main violations are hunting, trapping, illegally catching wild animals and transporting, buying and selling wild animals, violating the State’s regulations on forest protection (carrying vehicles, tools, etc.). illegal hunting of wild animals). Although the number of cases is not large, it has shown the initiative in deploying many preventive measures early and remotely by the Yok Don National Park rangers. For many months now, Mr. Nguyen The Cuong, Deputy Head of Ranger Station No. 9 of Yok Don National Park, and his teammates have had to stretch themselves constantly at a key point deep in the forest, he shared: “The 9th Ranger Station manages the forest. manage and protect 17 sub-zones, equivalent to about 17 thousand hectares of forest. This area is located in the core zone of the National Park. During peak times, there are days when the Station has discovered more than 10 wire traps of all kinds. Most of these wire traps are located in evergreen forest areas and near puddles and water holes in the forest, when animals come to drink water, they will easily get caught in the trap. Specifically, the incident happened on May 5, 2020. During the process of patrolling and undercover, the Ranger force of Ranger Station No. 9 discovered and arrested 6 subjects who violated regulations on wildlife protection; The confiscated exhibits include more than 10kg of dried wild boar meat, a living Mang (roe deer). Ranger Station No. 9 has sanctioned administrative violations against the subjects. In the first half of May, 2021, the Ranger force of Ranger Station No. 9 discovered and seized more than 33 wire traps of all kinds that are installed in the forest. The Force of Ranger Station No. 9 asked the violators to release wild animals back into the natural environment. Photo: Ngoc Lan According to Deputy Head of Forest Protection Station No. 9, if these traps are not detected and seized in time, forest animals will be at very high risk of being trapped. seriously injured or dead; Many times when the patrolmen also encounter these traps, which are very dangerous… Therefore, in order to promptly prevent activities of encroachment and destruction of forests, especially wild animals, the Ranger Station No. 9 has arranged 3 key positions, stationed at key places, coordinated with patrol activities around the area where objects can be used to hunt and capture animals. In addition, the station also cooperates with officers and soldiers of Se Re Pok Border Station and Dak Lak Border Guard to patrol and protect forests. Not only Ranger Station No. 9, but all 16 Ranger Stations and Mobile Teams of Yok Don National Park must always strengthen the force of stationing, latching and clinging to the forest, especially in the dry season to promptly detect and prevent forest encroachment. The coordination work is also effectively implemented by the Ranger Stations, especially with the Border Guard stations in the forest area of ​​Yok Don National Park. Pham Tuan Linh, Director of Yok Don National Park emphasized: “In order to manage and protect forests in general and protect wildlife in particular, Yok Don National Park has directed the implementation of many drastic measures. synchronously, such as increasing the frequency and density of patrols and secret uniforms of the forest rangers, combining patrolling and secret uniforms with focusing on de-trapping and applying science and technology in the process of performing tasks. . At the same time, promote legal propaganda and education to each population in the buffer zone in order to change the habit of depending on the forest of some people. We also work closely with relevant authorities and local authorities, in which, effectively implement the regulation on coordination with the Dak Lak Border Guard Command, between ranger stations and border guard posts.

There is an island off the southeastern coast of Brazil, seemingly deserted, but it is not. Nestled among those dense trees are hundreds of abandoned cats. That is the island of Ilha Furtada, commonly known as Ilha dos Gatos: Island of the Cats. The owner died from Covid-19, the pet was helpless Many stories spread about the danger of this island. There are cats that are said to overgrow and become feral. They attack the people who come to the island. One Brazilian reporter said there were about 750 cats roaming the forest, while others said the number could be more. The number seems to increase with each narration. Mayhe, a municipal veterinarian in Mangaratiba, traveled to the island to see this firsthand. Before this trip, he had never set foot on the island. But he certainly has one truth: Over the past year, as the Covid-19 pandemic swept Brazil, the number of cats on the island has increased dramatically. Every day there seem to be more cats here, causing great damage to the island’s ecosystem, but no measures have been taken to deal with the problem. Location of the “cat island” Ilha Furtada in Brazil. Photo: Washington Post. The Covid-19 crisis has left millions of pet owners dead or unable to keep them. In rich countries like the US, animal stations and individuals have had to support large numbers of these animals. But in developing countries, where animal station systems are weak, wandering animals are common, and pets are being abandoned more and more. Brazil is in crisis, the Covid-19 epidemic has killed more than 465,000 people, causing a housing crisis and widespread famine. The dog and cat station managers in this country are really overwhelmed. The animal station near “cat island” also did not escape this nightmare. Animal station director Andrea Rizzi Cafasso said they brought here a truck full of cats. When Cafasso refuses, they will say: “If you don’t accept, we will take them all to “cat island”. A cat “resident” lies on a tree branch on the island of Ilha Furtada. Photo: AP. After being abandoned on “cat island”, the poor animals have learned to survive. The city government wants people to stop feeding cats on the island. However, animal lovers call it barbaric. The cats will die without care. “I can’t leave the cats behind” No one knows how the first cats appeared. Officials in Mangaratiba say a family tried to live here many years ago, but failed, leaving a pair of cats on the island and they began to multiply. Local boaters say that there is a restaurant on the island that has closed and the owners abandoned their cats and left. According to a veterinarian, an old man confessed to being the first to bring the cat here, but when asked to share, he vehemently refused. Unconfirmed answers gradually become legends here. Normally, there are very few people who want to visit the remote and unattractive island of Ilha Furtada. However, when it becomes “cat island”, it has a strange attraction. Ilha Furtada has become a stopover for tourists. Some people will take a motorboat to the island just to see the cats. Although the island lacks many living conditions, such as food or water, many people believe that the cats on the island have a better life than the city cats. Signs on the island of Ilha dos Gatos carry the message: Animal abuse and neglect is a crime. Photo: Washington Post. “They have what it takes, they can hunt birds, insects, snakes for food,” explains Miguel Campos, a 61-year-old boater. But Amélia Oliveira, an American veterinarian who travels to Brazil to take care of animals, considers reality altogether. In 2012, a friend sent her a video shot on the island. It’s not a cat’s paradise. There is no fresh water source on the island. “I couldn’t have left the cats out there under such circumstances,” she said. Ms. Oliveira described the number of cats on the island as overwhelming. Some animals approached her friendly, others more wild. They are born on the island, know nothing about humans, and will not be able to integrate into society. She brought back a few cats to adopt and began training and getting to know the others. Over the years, she said, 380 cats on the island have been treated by Veterinarians on the Road. Animal organizations and a retired couple volunteered, prepared food and water for the cats, and built small shelters for them. Meanwhile, many fishermen also share a portion of the fish they catch with the cats. However, as the pandemic hits, those food and care resources also shrink. The number of cats on the island rapidly increased. People are restricted from traveling on the mainland due to social distancing, unable to provide food and water to the island. More reports of cats eating cannibals began to circulate. This tourist attraction suddenly became strange, becoming the concern of many residents about ecological issues. A divided community When someone arrives, some cats approach the visitor, rubbing their paw gently. Other cats paced the shore, attracting attention. Others watched cautiously from afar. The island is no different from a slum for cats. Cat houses built by volunteers are scattered, next to rainwater catchers and cat feeding machines. Brightly colored spiders, each the size of an infant’s palm, cling to the webs strung between furniture. The beach is littered with trash. No one knows the exact number of cats that live on the deserted island in Brazil, but it is estimated to be in the hundreds. Photo: The Washington Post. “Bringing a cat out here is cruelty to animals,” Mr Mayhe said. Conversely, when the animal stations are full and many cats are incapable of socializing, bringing them back to the mainland will be equally complicated. Mangaratiba officials were unsure if they could carry out the plan. They wanted to send research teams to explore the island and conduct a cat census. Then, they installed surveillance cameras to classify the cats. Next, the authorities want to start neutering cats. Well-behaved cats will be adopted. Others will stay on the island for the rest of their lives, until they die. This plan has been hotly contested. The city’s public health leader Sandra Castelo Branco opposes feeding cats on the island, saying it may encourage more people to abandon cats on the island. “I’m under intense attack on Facebook, but I really want to change this situation,” Sandra told reporters.

Primates make laughter when they play. However, laughter in animals often means an invitation to mate, join a herd, or find food. The meaning of animal laughter Laughing together helps people connect and bond. Although the reason for laughing can vary widely between individuals and groups, this sound can still be distinguished from crying, screaming, groaning or shouting. In humans, laughter expresses a wide range of emotions, from positive such as amusement to negative such as annoyance. People laugh when they hear an interesting story or when they see funny things. But what about animals? Do they laugh and is the reason they laugh the same way humans laugh? It’s hard to tell if animals have a sense of humor like humans. A study published in the journal Bioacoustics in April 2021 found that when communicating, animals sometimes make sounds that have a comforting, pleasant nuance. Sasha Winkler, lead author of the study, at the University of California, Los Angeles (USA), said that rhesus monkeys (scientific name Macaca mulatta) often pant when playing. This is the inspiration for her and her colleagues to expand their research on animal laughter. They looked to see if other animals let out gasps like rhesus monkeys during play. The researchers say that such sounds closely resemble human laughter. They continued to study the prevalence of laughter among animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing, most of which were mammals. Some birds also make cheerful sounds. This analysis helps scientists go back to the evolutionary origins of laughter in humans. When playing, animals may cry or laugh to keep interactions at a harmonious level, not becoming aggressive. Unlike fighting, the concept of play in animals is often mating, foraging. Play can be clearly seen in primates because their facial muscles show human-like expressions when playing. The study grew out of an experiment from 2017 on kea parrots living in New Zealand. Experts recorded the laughter of the kea parrots and played them back for others to hear. As a result, these parrots will play together relatively closely. This study shows that the laughter of kea parrots is like an invitation to others to join the flock or to feed together. Investigation results show that mammals, especially primates, rodents, carnivores and cetaceans emit similar sounds. These sounds are only emitted when playing, such as the whistle like the whistle of a bottlenose dolphin (scientific name is Tursiops truncatus), the hiss of a mouse. Most primates, including chimpanzees, gorillas, monkeys, and baboons, exhibit laughter by: panting, smirking, chuckling to “click, clack” and loud cries. . Birds emit laughter to attract their fellow humans. Laughing is not just for fun Research also shows that fish, amphibians and reptiles do not produce laughter because this group may not organize play activities. However, laughter between humans and animals is quite different. Usually, people’s laughter shows that they are having fun or sharing their joy with those around them. People also put laughter into communication to express their attitudes and feelings towards the behavior of people around them. For example, smirking, sarcastic laughter, sarcastic laughter to express a reaction of praise or disapproval of the actions of people around. But in some animals, laughing is not synonymous with cheerfulness. For example, hyenas often laugh when feeling dangerous, threatened, attacked or simply upset. Human and animal laughter also differ in volume. For example, older hyenas often laugh at a low pitch while young hyenas’ laughter is high, even shrill. Some species laugh very softly, just enough for the other person to hear. While human laughter is loud, loud and nuanced. Before Winkler, in 2000, Jaak Panskeep, a psychologist and neuroscientist working at Washington State University, USA, discovered that tickled rats emit chirping sounds similar to the sounds they make when they play. Some lab rats liked to be tickled so much that they simulated this amusing activity. From there, Panskeep and his colleagues began to seriously study the play of animals. He identified seven basic emotional expressions activated by the mammalian brain. Since then, he has applied this result to the study of human emotions and found a treatment for depression in humans. Panskeep has clinically developed an antidepressant, named GLYX-13. He considers this modulation product to be proof that scientists should seriously evaluate the emotional state of animals. Animal studies could pave the way for the development of psychopharmaceuticals for humans. He also added that we think rats and monkeys can laugh because they are smart. But in fact, intelligence is not a funny factor. Play in any animal can stimulate laughter, increase cognitive ability.

From the three-bedroom apartment with city views, Gekoski easily sees Pasay’s public cemetery. He didn’t realize how miserable life right next to him was until he embarked on a photo project in collaboration with the NGO Lady Freethinker. In the photo, a skinny dog ​​is standing on the top of the tomb. It is one of at least 400 animals living in the cemetery with about 300 families. In this place, some people even have to find leftovers in the trash to get through the day. “I have never seen a place where people live, sleep on graves. As a photographer, I want to tell the story I have witnessed. What I see is not despair but a cohesive community. They still shine with hope despite struggling with difficulties most of us can’t even imagine,” he said. The same suffering as humans are dogs. In the cemetery, everything is almost zero: no running water, no cleaning services, no electricity… Therefore, the dogs here mostly look emaciated. They huddled in the dark, curled up in the aisle, tails curling around their bony bodies. In the photo, Mrs. Cura (65 years old) with her chained dog. She is raising 5 dogs in the cemetery and wants to leave one day soon. Life in the cemetery for many has spanned several generations. They live on money taking care of the graves of rich families, carving steles or selling flowers… Many people want to leave but can’t. Because they live in cemeteries, they do not have access to health care, education, sanitation services, etc. This makes it difficult for them to find outside work. In the photo, Honey (18 years old) lives with 8 dogs and her parents. Ashley Fruno, founder of Pasay Pups – an organization that works for animal and children’s rights – regularly and volunteers visit, care for and vaccinate animals at the cemetery every week. They also hold discussions on the proper care of animals and give supplies to children. However, the pandemic makes weekly visits more difficult. The Pasay government has organized strict social distancing that prevents people living in the cemetery from leaving half a step. Because of their inability to go out, the cemetery’s residents have very limited access to food. They also cannot search for scraps to cover their daily lives. Pasay Pups has donated rice, soap, reusable masks twice a month. However, the number of volunteers is also decreasing day by day. “It’s shocking that they are provided with very few necessities to get through the days of social distancing,” Fruno said. Even so, even when the photos were made public, the Pasay government made no official comment. Sharing with The Guardian, Fruno and photographer Gekoski hope the photos will help people and animals in Pasay cemetery better in the future. Pasay, a city in metropolitan Manila (Philippines) has nearly 416,000 people living in an area of ​​about 18 square kilometers. It is described on tourist forums as a destination for “culture, shopping, relaxation and horror”. Gekoski’s series of photographs expose the lives of poverty that people and animals have to endure in cemeteries.

Eating collagen-rich foods or foods that boost collagen production can also help create the building blocks (amino acids) needed for skin goals. Here are the best foods you should eat to boost collagen. Broccoli Another easy and delicious way to add vitamin C to your diet is broccoli. One cup of cooked or raw broccoli provides a full day’s worth of vitamin C, which plays an essential role in collagen building. Broccoli is rich in vitamin C, which stimulates the body to produce more collagen to maintain skin elasticity. Photo: Nhat Linh Berry Berries like blueberries, raspberries, strawberries, etc. are all a great way to add vitamin C to your diet; This is a nutrient that helps the body build collagen. Vitamin C is also a vitamin that we should eat, as the body does not make it naturally. One cup of strawberries adds 150% of your daily vitamin C goal, and one cup of raspberries adds 50% of your daily vitamin C goal. Besides, vitamin C also has its own benefits for skin health. People whose diets are rich in vitamin C have better skin and fewer wrinkles. Aloe vera juice Aloe vera has been shown to encourage collagen synthesis. In addition, it also helps in anti-aging. In a study published in the journal Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, people aged 40 and over who took an aloe vera supplement for eight weeks saw their facial wrinkles shrink and appear less noticeable. Fish and shellfish Like other animals, fish and shellfish have bones and ligaments made of collagen. Several studies have confirmed that marine collagen is one of the easiest to absorb. Unlike other animal collagen sources, fish collagen is concentrated in bones, skin, head and scales; Fish meat contains less collagen than other parts. Consuming fish and shellfish can support collagen production in the body. Photo: Nhat Linh Organ meat There are many ways to add collagen to your diet. In addition to being found in skin, bones, and ligaments, collagen is also found in animal organs such as the liver, heart, brain, and kidneys. Eatingwell.

One theory is that the virus came from a bat-like animal. The virus then passes to another animal that has close contact with humans and infects them. The second theory suspects that the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaked from a chemical laboratory in Wuhan, China – where the first patient with Covid-19 was recorded. This hypothesis has been rejected many times, even by the WHO team of experts who came to Wuhan to investigate and rejected this hypothesis. However, in recent weeks, this question has been dug up again. Both of these hypotheses still have no reasonable answer, creating a controversy among scientists. The focus of public opinion The Wuhan Institute of Virology specializes in the study of pathogens in nature that are capable of infecting humans – causing novel diseases and high mortality. The Institute has collected many samples from wild animals for experiments to assess the vulnerability of humans to a variety of animal viruses. The institute has carried out numerous studies on bat viruses since the 2002 SARS outbreak, which claimed the lives of 774 people worldwide. Years after a strenuous search, scientists discovered a virus similar to the one that causes SARS exists in a bat cave in southwestern China. To reduce the risk of pathogens accidentally escaping, the facility had to enforce a series of stringent procedures, such as protective clothing or air filtration systems. However, even the most stringent measures cannot eliminate the risk of the virus leaking into the environment. Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli of the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: South China Morning Post. For some scientists, the spread of pathogens by a careless laboratory worker is a plausible theory that explains how the pandemic began. The Wuhan Institute of Virology is located right near the Huanan seafood market – the outbreak is considered the most likely to transmit the virus from animals to humans. The location between the two immediately raised suspicions. Many people are even more suspicious in the context that the animal that carries the disease has not been identified and the Chinese government repeatedly refuses to allow the investigation of the scenario that Covid-19 is a leaked product from a laboratory. The scientists developed the hypothesis based on concerns about the risks associated with laboratory research, clues in the virus genome, and information from the institute’s studies. The Wuhan Institute of Virology insists that its laboratory does not have a virus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 – the origin of the Covid-19 outbreak. This hypothesis was repeatedly rejected, and was forgotten for some time. Until May 23, Wall Street Journal Citing a confidential US report, it was revealed that in November 2019, before China reported its first Covid-19 cases, some researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology were hospitalized. . Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian stated on May 24 that the article was “completely untrue”. The ability to transmit viruses from animals to humans A larger number of scientists believe that the virus that causes Covid-19 is of natural origin because there is no scientific evidence to support the scenario of a leak from a laboratory. Kristian G Andersen, a scientist at Scripps Research, who has done extensive research on coronaviruses, Ebola and other pathogens transmitted from animals to humans, says similar natural gene sequences are present in viruses as well. corona. Many new diseases in the past originated in bats. Photo: SCMP. In addition, from a historical perspective, a number of new diseases that have emerged in the past century have been traced back to human interactions with wild and domestic animals, including SARS (bats), MERS-CoV. (camels), Ebola (bats or primates) and Nipah viruses (bats). However, under any scenario, there is not enough evidence to prove that the other scenario cannot happen. 24 scientists recently sent a letter to the World Health Organization (WHO) demanding a rigorous, independent investigation, arguing that an international investigation into China in early February was insufficient. deep. US President Joe Biden on May 26 also ordered intelligence forces to “double efforts” to investigate the origin of the Covid-19 pandemic and report the results of the investigation within 90 days.

Elephant Mammoth Columbia Voi Extinction time: 11,500 years ago Living area: America and Mexico Illustration. Elephant Mammoth, you probably already know. They are huge, have long fur and a pair of huge tusks. They appear in many pictures, documentaries, movies. However, here we are talking about the Columbian Mammoth elephant, which is a relative of the long-haired but larger Mammoth. A Mammoth Columbia can be from 3.7 to 4.2m tall, weighing from 5.5 to 11 tons. Their tusks average 3.7m long, the largest of the elephant family and extremely strong, used to handle any carnivores that dare to come close. Prehistoric people, of course. Lazy land Extinction time: 4200 years ago Living area: South America The sloth is a lovely, harmless creature. The Megatherium is also a sloth, but it’s not like the slow, bully sloths you’re used to seeing. Megatherium also does not live on trees, because no tree can withstand its huge body. Megatherium has several subspecies, the smallest species is as big as a rhinoceros, and the largest can weigh up to 4-5 tons when mature, equivalent to modern African elephants. They can be up to 6m tall, similar to giraffes when standing on 2 legs. In addition, they also have a set of super-large claws used to slap the mouth of any carnivore. The ground sloth finally lived peacefully on the islands of the Caribbean, until about 4200 years ago, when the “species that everyone should fear” set foot and drew an end to the sloths walking on the face. land. Orangutan Gigantopithecus Extinction time: 100,000 years ago Living area: Mainly in Southeast Asia Gigantopithecus was a close relative of modern orangutans but was much larger. They can be 3m tall, weigh up to half a ton and are the most massive primates that have ever walked the Earth. If you need a clearer picture to visualize the size of a Gigantopithecus, check out the cute giant orangutan in The Jungle Book. But that’s in the movies, who knew what such a huge beast could do to a small human? Gigantopithecus went extinct with the main cause not being human. The fact that they are large also means that they need a lot of food to survive. However, about 100,000 years before the climate changed and the forests of their homeland – Southeast Asia – became savanna, Gigantopithecus simply “flies” because there is not enough food. Cave hyena Extinction time: 11,000-13,000 years ago Living area: Europe If you often watch documentaries about wildlife in Africa, such as the Diary of the Cat Family, you are probably familiar with spotted hyenas. These guys have a lot of bad reputations. They are cunning, reckless, attack in herds, scavenge for prey of other species such as leopards and lions or even enter villages to capture children. However, spotted hyenas are still not comparable to their ancient relatives – the cave hyena. Cave hyenas were twice the size of modern spotted hyenas, weighing on average 130kg, 90cm high and 1.5m long. They have extremely strong jaws, enough to chew the bones of their prey. Calculations based on fossils show that a cave hyena can easily kill a small elephant weighing about 1 ton. But that’s not enough to say how scary they are. They still live in groups of about 30 to help hunt more effectively. However, with our ancestors, they are not easy to touch. Cave hyenas became extinct somewhere between 11,000 and 13,000 years ago. The main cause is believed by paleontologists to be that prehistoric people took the caves for shelter during the Ice Age. Sword tooth tiger Extinction time: 10,000 years ago Living area: All Americas The saber-toothed tiger sounds like that, but in fact, they don’t have a close family to the tiger. Most saber-toothed tigers became extinct before modern humans appeared. However, there are still a few that can encounter humans, such as Smilodon populator and Smilodon fatalis. In which, Smilodon fatalis is as big as an African lion, and Smilodon populator is bigger, as big as a Siberian tiger (about 350kg). According to the calculations of paleontologists, saber-toothed tigers have rather weak jaws, the bite force is only about 1/3 of that of modern lions. However, in return, they have other things. In addition to their trademark long fangs, saber-toothed tigers also have extremely muscular forelimbs, the strongest of the cat family to assist in capturing prey before slicing its throat with long scythe-like fangs. Another theory is that they can use these fangs as knives to “skewer” their prey to death. But no matter how they killed their prey, a prehistoric human would surely explode if caught by it.

The study suggests that the “hot spots” will be places where horseshoe bats live and have factors that make the risk of corona virus spread to humans and outbreaks into epidemics. This study does not provide additional information about the SARS-CoV-2 virus, but rather points to locations where similar corona viruses may appear in humans in the future. The study results show that southern China is a very high-risk place, and urges us to reduce risk factors, such as reducing deforestation, not just deal with the virus when it has become an epidemic. . Perfect combination” Research by the Intergovernmental Policy-Science Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), a German NGO, shows the number of outbreaks caused by zoonotic diseases object is on the rise. Accordingly, it is humans who are the cause of this increase, through deforestation and destruction of natural ecosystems. At least a third of disease outbreaks since 1960, including Ebola, have been linked to changes in human land use, the report said. Deforestation is one of the many causes of the increasing number of zoonotic diseases being transmitted to humans. Photo: Greenpeace. As humans encroach on natural forest land, the risk of humans coming into contact with wild animals, as well as the pathogens they carry, increases. Newly published research reinforces this hypothesis, as it shows that the risk of humans coming into contact with wildlife increases if the area of ​​primary forest is reduced by 25%. In addition, the destruction of natural habitats also causes disease-carrying species, such as bats and rodents, to become more numerous. Scientists also warn that the occupation of forest land is just one of many causes of zoonotic diseases spreading to humans. High population density, as well as large-scale livestock production, are two other factors that increase the risk. That’s because pets can catch diseases from wild animals or become vectors of disease to humans. The risks to industrial farms are even greater, where large numbers of livestock live in small spaces, and these animals are often less resistant. Outbreak “hot spots” Paolo D’Odorico, a professor at the University of California, Berkeley and co-author of the study, said that most research on corona viruses currently focuses on human-to-human transmission, not on the possibility of elimination. This virus is transferred from animals to humans. Therefore, he and his colleagues collected data on forest land occupation, livestock density, population density and a number of other factors and compared it with the habitat of horseshoe bats in Asia and Africa. Europe. Horseshoe bats are considered to be carriers of a large number of corona viruses, including a species closely related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The “hot spots” of potential coronavirus outbreaks are shown in dark red. Photo: Natural Food. The results of the study are represented by a map, in which dark red dots represent areas with a high risk of corona virus spreading to people. In contrast, the blue dots indicate places where there are relatively few conditions for disease outbreaks. Professor David Hayma, another co-author of the study, said that the main concern is that large areas of southern China are still at high risk for a new disease from the corona virus to emerge. In addition, the scientists also pointed out that some areas, including Shanghai, Japan and the Philippines, are at risk of becoming “hot spots” if deforestation continues. “We need surveillance in these areas to prevent the emergence of new diseases,” Hayman said. How to prevent a new outbreak? Scientists estimate that as many as 1.7 million virus species have not been detected in mammals and birds, and half of them have the potential to spread to humans. Professor Andrew Dobson of Princeton University, thinks that the Covid-19 epidemic is a wake-up call for us. “The most important thing is to figure out what we can do to reduce the likelihood of similar events happening,” said Dobson, arguing that we should start from stopping deforestation. Horseshoe bats are considered to carry many pathogens and are capable of spreading to humans. Photo: Wall Street Journal. Professor Dobson said that people living in “hot spots”, such as in southern China, should “put pressure on politicians” to introduce appropriate policies and mechanisms to protect forests. The cost of protecting forests will be much lower than the price we pay each time a pandemic breaks out, IPBES research shows. Besides, experts also warn that the livestock industry should take appropriate measures to prevent livestock from being infected. At the same time, they also call for a greater focus on the earth’s ecosystems. “We knew how to launch rockets into space decades ago. But understanding how diseases spread from animals to humans is a much more difficult problem,” Professor Dobson commented.

Forest patrols With an area of ​​more than 15,000 hectares, Sao La Nature Reserve in Thua Thien-Hue province has a rich flora and fauna, containing a diverse genetic resource of more than 1,200 species of animals and plants. Up to now, the reserve still retains a large area of ​​tropical evergreen closed forest, which is home to many rare species of birds and animals. From the center of the mountainous district of A Luoi, drive on the Ho Chi Minh route to the south about more than 30 km, when going through the tunnel through A Roang mountain, it is a majestic and unspoiled scene of primeval forests. Sao La Conservation Area, Thua Thien – Hue Province. The reserve covers an area of ​​more than 15,000 hectares of natural forest, stretching across the two districts of Nam Dong and A Luoi, directly connected with Sao La Conservation Area in Quang Nam Province and Xe Sap National Reserve in Laos. Sao La Nature Reserve in Thua Thien – Hue province currently has three patrol teams and five forest protection stations, which are regularly mobile to perform forest protection tasks. Following in the footsteps of a five-man patrol team led by Mr. Pham Viet Nuoc, we walked along the slopes, crossing streams under the canopy of old forests straight into the core area of ​​the reserve. This patrol is expected to take about six days to travel, so the backpacks of team members are full of essential equipment and items such as navigators, camera traps, binoculars. , personal items, medicine, pots and pans, food… Sticking with Sao La Nature Reserve in Thua Thien – Hue province from the very beginning, 11 years ago, Mr. Pham Viet Nuoc, a Ta Oi ethnic, set foot in most of the sub-areas in the reserve. this vast expanse. For Mr. Nuoc, the reserve is like his second home, he has the ability to read the names of each big tree in the forest; even a glimpse of a bird singing, he could tell what kind of bird it was. After finding a convenient location by a small stream, the patrol team assigned each other to set up a tent to rest and cook. Pham Viet Nuoc confided that this patrol job requires not only good health, but also forest skills and above all a love of nature to stick with the job. On average, a patrol team will work 22 days a month in the forest, of which 16 days are camping in sub-areas in the reserve. “The mountainous terrain in the reserve is very dangerous, with many dangers lurking for forest protection teams, especially in the rainy season. There are many cases of brothers and sisters with serious and life-threatening injuries due to sudden broken branches on them, biting by poisonous snakes, or in the process of crossing streams, when suddenly the water from upstream suddenly surged. Pham Viet Nuoc shared. Giant Truong Son at Sao La Nature Reserve, Thua Thien-Hue province. Recently, Sao La Conservation Area in Thua Thien – Hue province has contracted with A Luoi District Medical Center (Thua Thien – Hue) and Tay Giang District Medical Center (Quang Nam) to identify 4 rescue locations. fixed along the Ho Chi Minh route through the nature reserve, so that when an injured person comes out from the forest, ambulances will go straight to these locations to give first aid and take people to the hospital for treatment. timely treatment. On the patrol journey, Mr. Pham Viet Nuoc and members of the team stopped at many areas to observe and detect the traps of wild animals of the people to remove and collect. According to Mr. Nuoc, in the past, the number of animal traps that people put in the forest was as much as a “matrix”. Especially near the New Year holidays, people still have the custom of trapping wild animals to eat, that is also the time when patrol teams have to strengthen their duty force. According to the Management Board of Sao La Nature Reserve, Thua Thien – Hue province, from 2014 to 2017, the situation of trapping wild animals in the reserve was really a problem. In some years, the forest patrol force has dismantled more than 21,000 traps of all kinds. In recent years, thanks to the promotion of propaganda combined with the detection of strict handling of violations, the number of animal traps has decreased significantly. Since the beginning of 2021, patrol teams have driven 11 people out of the forest, dismantled 14 illegally built camps and collected more than 1,740 animal traps. After being dismantled, the animal traps will be returned to the stations for destruction according to regulations. Preserving the “treasure” of the green forest Sao La Nature Reserve in Thua Thien – Hue province is one of the places with the highest biodiversity in the region and in the world. This place owns the remaining natural primeval forest area of ​​the Central Truong Son area and is home to rare and endemic animals such as saola, Truong Son muntjac, large muntjac, striped rabbit and many more. other animals and plants. According to the Management Board of Sao La Conservation Area in Thua Thien – Hue province, recent research results show that the reserve currently has 1,035 species of plants, 42 species of mammals, 139 species of birds, 54 species of fish, 84 species of reptiles, frogs, frogs and 284 species of butterflies. In which, many species are listed in the Red Book of Vietnam and the Red Book of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). According to Mr. Pham Viet Nuoc, in recent years, during the patrol process, the number of animals has increased significantly such as chamois, wild boar, deer, zebra rabbit, Truong Son large gill and some species of wild animals. growth such as monkeys, douc langurs… This is a great joy for the tireless efforts of those who are directly involved in forest maintenance and biodiversity conservation here. Mr. Nguyen Huu Hoa, an officer of the Forest Management and Protection Department (the Management Board of Sao La Nature Reserve, Thua Thien – Hue province), said that with the support of technology, especially the application of the camera trap system in the forest is being developed. promote efficiency, effectively support the management and scientific research on the development and distribution of animals in the conservation area. In the past time, the camera traps have provided many valuable documentary images to record the presence of animals and the most important goal of these camera traps is to record the saola in the area. conserve. The saola, whose scientific name is Pseudoryx khetinhensis, also known as the “Asian Unicorn”, is one of the rarest mammals in the world. Monkeys at Sao La Nature Reserve, Thua Thien-Hue province. Director of Sao La Conservation Area Management Board in Thua Thien-Hue Province Nguyen Thanh said: The unit has cooperated with many wildlife protection organizations to research and search for traces of saola species in the reserve. such as placing photo traps at locations where mondo grass grows and develops, because this is a “favorite” dish of saola; collect samples of strange animal feces or take samples of species squeezed in the forest for scientists to conduct tests and find clues… According to Director of the Management Board of Sao La Conservation Area in Thua Thien – Hue Province Nguyen Thanh, located in the same habitat area, in 2013, Sao La Conservation Area in Quang Nam Province recorded a saola by photographing a single individual. shock the scientific research and nature conservation circles at home and abroad. Therefore, officers and staff of Sao La Nature Reserve in Thua Thien – Hue province hope to also discover saola in the reserve in the future. In recent years, Sao La Nature Reserve in Thua Thien – Hue province has invested and equipped many modern machines to help patrol teams improve operational efficiency. Currently, forest protection officers only need to use smartphones to record patrol positions, locations with signs of forest encroachment, encountering animal traps, camps, encountering people entering the forest, etc. When there is a phone signal, this information and image will automatically be updated into the system, serving as the basis for the process of analyzing and processing information at the specialized department of the Management Board. Director of Sao La Conservation Area Management Board in Thua Thien – Hue province shared that the protection of primeval forests in the reserve still faces many difficulties and challenges. For example, the cutting of forest trees still occurs sporadically at some point in time, or the animal traps set up by people in the forest, although significantly reduced in number, have not been completely stopped… Therefore, the Maintaining forest protection patrols is important to minimize the negative impacts of humans on the forest’s ecosystem. The patrol team led by Mr. Pham Viet Nuoc as captain after many days of climbing passes, wading streams, “eating shacks, sleeping in the forest” has completed the task. According to Mr. Pham Viet Nuoc, after each trip, there is one more animal trap removed, by chance encountering wild animals, or simply seeing that the forest has not been violated, which is a joy and motivation for the members of the community. Team members overcome difficulties and dangers to stick with their work, contributing to preserving the “treasure” of the green forest for future generations.

Regular testing on mink farms is recommended to rule out the risk of transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to humans. Photo: AFP/VNA After more than a year of the COVID-19 outbreak, people are well aware of the risks of human-animal contact, especially in cases related to deforestation and wildlife trade. high risk. The report builds on the study “Behind the Ivory Ban” conducted by the International Organization for Conservation of Nature and the Global Initiative Reporting Organization in 2020 to gain insight into attitudes and behaviors. public attitudes towards COVID-19 and future pandemics. More than a year after the COVID-19 outbreak, survey results show that people are well aware of close human-animal contact, often linked to deforestation and the endangered wildlife trade. high risk, potential health risks, can cause serious disease outbreaks. In which, 46% of the participants said that transmission of diseases from animals to humans is the root cause that could cause a future pandemic. A recent investigation by the World Health Organization (WHO) also indicated that wild animals are likely to be the source of infection of the COVID-19 pandemic. A majority of those surveyed believe that preventing future pandemics should start with addressing the root causes, including high-risk wildlife trade and deforestation. In all five countries, people strongly support government efforts to close high-risk wildlife markets that sell wild-caught animals (85%) and to end wildlife trafficking. deforestation (88%). In which, in Vietnam, the support rate for these two issues is 94% and 95% respectively. In addition, 85% of respondents in all 5 countries support or strongly support the “One Health” approach to dealing with the pandemic. Particularly in Vietnam, the agreement rate is 93% and is the second country with the highest consensus rate. “One Health” is an approach in which action programs, policies and legislation from various sectors work together towards the goal of better health for people, animals and plants, in particular. in the context of the increasing spread of diseases between animals and humans and the increasing prevalence of antibiotic resistance. More specifically, among survey participants in Vietnam, 39% of respondents said they have consumed less wildlife or have stopped consuming wildlife because of COVID-19. In Thailand, this rate nearly doubles from 21% in 2020 to 41% in 2021. While in China, the figure is 28% in 2021. Still, there are 9% of participants. The survey intends to purchase wildlife products in the future in all five countries. The COVID-19 pandemic has turned the lives of human society upside down and forced people to think more deeply about the relationship between humans and nature. The best way to prevent future pandemics is to minimize activities that destroy the natural environment such as deforestation, trade and consumption of unsustainable, high-risk wildlife, rather than passively. respond to disease outbreaks after they emerge. “Preventing a pandemic, it is estimated, will be 100 times less expensive than responding to a pandemic when it breaks out. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that investing in the health of the planet and nature is the only way to avoid paying a hefty economic and social cost,” said Marco Lambertini, Director General of the International Organization. on the International Conservation of Nature. Ms. Nguyen Dao Ngoc Van, Program Manager against illegal wildlife trade of the International Organization for Conservation of Nature in Vietnam commented: “In July 2020, the Prime Minister issued an Directive Decree No. 29/CT-TTg on some urgent solutions for wildlife management. We expect the Government to continue to closely guide the implementation, promptly reward ministries, branches and localities for good performance and strictly handle localities that have not performed well so that the Directive can come into effect. living”. The results of the Report are an important basis for Vietnam and other countries in the region to consider decisions on closing wildlife markets and closing forests to proactively prevent and control the COVID-19 pandemic. as well as possible future outbreaks of wildlife-related diseases to humans. The International Organization for Conservation of Nature calls on policymakers to put in place the interventions needed to address the key drivers of zoonotic disease outbreaks in their pandemic control plans. Translate. For example, closing forests and closing high-risk wildlife markets will help restore animal populations and maintain biodiversity at the national and global levels. Thereby, epidemics can be adjusted naturally, as well as helping to ensure the sustainable use of natural resources.

The Revenant (2015) Movie content: The Revenant is based on a true story, the film tells the story of the hunter Hugh Glass (played by Leonardo Dicaprio). After a bloody battle with the Native Americans, Hugh was wounded and ruthlessly abandoned by his comrades in the snowy mountains. From there, Hugh Glass must do everything to survive the brutal cold, predators and war with the tribes in the wilderness. Thanks to his strong will, the hunter miraculously survived, crossing a distance of more than 3,000 miles (4,828 km) alone to return and take revenge on John Fitzgerald (played by Tom Hardy) – who was once the old friend of mine. The scene where Hugh Glass (Leonardo DiCaprio) is attacked by a mother bear is one of the most spectacular and unrealistic moments in this movie. The bear used its claws and fangs to bite and jump on Hugh. You may not know: The bite force of the gâú is 1,160psi (it’s like a human biting a sausage), their claws are 10-15 cm long and their weight is about 300-400 kg. You see, no one can survive such a war. Another strange point is that the grizzly bear attacks the main character because he is a threat to its cubs. For a mother, nothing is more important than protecting her cubs, but the bear just stops in the middle of a fight, leaving the opponent alive and gone. In another scene, Glass takes off his wet clothes and gets inside the horse’s belly to keep warm. It was a method used by many soldiers during the war, but…the main character spent the whole night inside the horse. Since the snow was everywhere, the temperature was definitely below zero and the horse’s corpse was dead. will freeze after a few hours. If it was in real life, Glass would have no chance of coming back alive the next morning. He could freeze to death in the night. In short, although “The Revenant” is based on a true story, we should only treat it as a feature film. The Leader – Alpha (2018) Movie content Alpha: The Leader is an ambitious action-adventure film from Sony. Not only possessing an overwhelming exterior depicting the majestic ancient world, the work also embraces an extremely touching scenario. The film is the story of the feud between a prehistoric boy (Kodi Smit-McPhee) and a stray wolf. Also from here, human history completely changed. In this movie we enjoy the majestic landscape and beautiful friendship between a boy and a wolf. But there are many mistakes in the movie that are quite obvious. The beginning of the film is the fight of a boy and a buffalo. But you can’t say it’s a war either: The animal just attacked the boy, and if it were in real life, he’d be broken/paralysed. At the end of the attack, the boy falls from a rock but only dislocates his hip. The wolf’s behavior is also quite strange. Its injuries don’t look too serious and a wild animal would rather follow its pack than stay with its enemies – a wolf can still walk on three legs. . Talk a little bit about the appearance of the wolves. We see prehistoric mammoths and saber-toothed tigers in the movies, but the wolves in the movie look like today’s wolves and are no bigger than a normal dog. How can they survive in a world full of giants? The Meg – The Meg (2018) Another recently released movie about a giant shark. It is difficult to judge the appearance and behavior of prehistoric monsters, but all creatures will be subject to certain biological laws. The size of the shark in the film is described as 70 – 75 ft (21.3 – 22.8 m) long. But scientists think its size was 60 ft (18 m). One of the heroic characters in the movie also said that such a shark could easily bite a whale in half. But they do not specify the size of the whale. What do we imagine when we think of whales? It is true that there are really huge whales. But there are whales that are only 13 – 16 ft (about 4 – 5 m) long like the dwarf sperm whale, while the size of a blue whale is 110 ft (33.5 m) – almost twice the size. shark size. As for bite force, sharks can bite a whale in half. But can the shark expand its jaws to that extent? Scientists have proven that megalodon can attack whales, but these whales must not be too large, only 40 – 50 ft (12 – 15 m) long. Sometimes in the movie, the shark attacks only one person (one of the main characters). But scientists don’t think this is characteristic of prehistoric predators. They will not chase 1 or 2 humans, but may swim to attack places with many people (such as the beach). In the beach scene at the end of the movie when the megalodon hunts on the beach, the shark approaches people swimming far from the shore and opens its mouth to swallow them, however it suddenly hears the sound of whales and swims away. . But in reality, it would have easily swallowed the prey that was lying right under its nose and continued to attack other victims.

Recently, Australia has witnessed the first Tasmanian devil (a carnivorous marsupial of the family Dasyuridae) born in the wild after more than 3,000 years since the species disappeared from the continent. Specifically, according to the announcement of the Aussie Ark wildlife conservation organization on May 24, 7 young Tasmanian devils were born at the Barrington wildlife sanctuary, New South Wales, Australia. It is known that the Tasmanian devil disappeared from mainland Australia thousands of years ago. The Dingo is the cause of the extinction of the Tasmanian devil Since then, the Tasmanian devil has only lived within the island of Tasmania, south of Australia – where the wild dog Dingo has never set foot. However, the Tasmanian devils that exist on the island are threatened by the disease “demon face tumor” – a mysterious infectious cancer unique to this species. The disease causes the body, especially the face of the Tasmanian devil, to develop large lumps, which will be fatal to the animals within 3-6 months. Worse still, this is an infectious disease. In the process of fighting for territory or food, Tasmanian devils often bite each other in the face. Accordingly, cancer cells in infected animals will easily be transferred to healthy children Before this strange disease first swept the island of Tasmania in the 1990s, there were about 150,000 Tasmanian devils on the island. However, statistics by 2020, only less than 25,000 animals are still alive in the wild The fact that this species has almost disappeared on the continent and the island’s numbers are on the decline has led Australian conservationists to work hard to protect, breed and return the Tasmanian devil to its natural environment. In September 2020, the wildlife conservation organization Animal Ark brought 11 Tasmanian devils back to the wild in mainland Australia (specifically, the Barrington wildlife sanctuary). Together with 15 individuals previously present in a research project, the number of Tasmanian devils in mainland Australia is increased to 26. After 8 months since returning to the wild, the Tasmanian devils have successfully reproduced When born, the offspring are only the size of a pea and live in the mother’s pouch The successful breeding of demons in mainland Australia has raised hopes for the success of the plan to release and breed Tasmanian devils in the wild. Normally, the mother Tasmanian devil will give birth to 20-40 offspring at a time. The offspring will have to compete for milk from the mother At birth, the baby Tasmanian devil weighs only about 0.18-0.24 grams and is about 0.2cm long Once born, the baby Tasmanian devil will crawl into the mother’s pouch. After 3 months there, its body is complete and can go out to explore nature. When they reach the age of 3.5 – 4 months, the young begin to wean from their mother’s milk Baby Tasmanian devils are more agile than adults and can climb trees. If they can survive the first year, their lifespan in the wild is around 7-8 years As adults, Tasmanian devil males are usually larger than females with a body length of about 65 cm, a tail length of about 25 cm and an average weight of about 8 kg. Females are about 57 cm in length, about 24 cm in tail and have an average weight of about 6 kg The size of the Tasmanian devil is not too big, but after the Tasmanian tiger went extinct in 1936, they became the largest carnivorous marsupial in the world. The appearance of this creature is quite strange when it seems to be “hybrid” between many animals. The head of the Tasmanian devil looks like a mouse, the body is neat, stocky with black fur and a white stripe across the chest quite like a small bear, their teeth are sharp like a wolf… The Tasmanian devil is exactly the epitome of the saying “small but mighty”. Although the body size is only about the size of a puppy, it is considered a “killer” in the animal world because it possesses many “weapons” that are beneficial for hunting. Thanks to their extremely sensitive sense of smell and hearing, the Tasmanian devil easily finds prey or detects other dangers. Tasmanian devil is an agile animal and the ability to fight flexibly on many terrains (ground, underwater, in trees) plus an aggressive personality, like to “chase and kill” so it is rare for any creature to escape the danger. their pursuit Their teeth are also extremely sharp and their jaws are so powerful that every bite is a fatal blow The Tasmanian devil is basically a carnivore, so its food is any animal they hunt. They even eat carrion. Thanks to their sharp teeth and strong jaws, they can even eat bones In addition, the cry of the Tasmanian devil is very scary, it makes the listener feel like they are lost in a horror movie When hunting or fighting for food with fellow humans, the Tasmanian devil will emit even more haunting cries Possessing incredible speed, sharp teeth, haunting cries … so this creature is likened to the devil of Tasmania. It is known that the Tasmanian devil is one of the 7 important species for Australia’s ecosystem The ‘revival’ of the Tasmanian devil in mainland Australia will help control populations of feral cats and foxes – these are animals that threaten the existence of many other species In addition, the Tasmanian devil is also a scavenger, helping to avoid diseases spreading into the environment

Climate change is one of the main causes of extinctions worldwide. 5 mass extinctions Dinosaurs became extinct in the Jurassic, more than 200 million years ago. * Ordovician-Silurian Extinction: About 440 million years ago The first mass extinction on Earth occurred at a time when organisms such as corals and shellfish filled the world’s shallow waters but had yet to venture to land. Life itself has begun to spread and diversify, first appearing around 3.7 billion years ago. But about 440 million years ago, a climate change caused sea temperatures to shift, and much of the life in the ocean died out. At the end of the Ordovician, mass glaciations covered the southern supercontinent, Gondwana. According to a study published in the journal Oceanology, glaciation on this scale has stripped away high proportions of the world’s water and dramatically lowered global sea levels, depriving the world of vital habitats. species, destroying the food chain and reducing fertility, according to a study published in the journal Oceanology. However, not all scientists agree with this. According to National Geographic, other theories suggest that the toxic metal may have dissolved into seawater during periods of oxygen depletion, wiping out marine life. Other scientists suggest that a gamma-ray burst from a supernova ripped through a giant hole in the ozone layer, allowing deadly ultraviolet radiation to kill life below. According to APS News, there is a Another theory is that volcanoes are the cause. * Late Devonian Extinction: Over 365 million years ago The Devonian period witnessed the rise and fall of many prehistoric marine species. Although by this time animals had already begun to evolve on land, most of life was swimming through the oceans. Until vascular plants, such as trees and flowers, have the potential to cause a second mass extinction. According to the BBC, as plants develop roots, they inadvertently transform the land they inhabit, turning rocks and rubble into soil. This nutrient-rich soil then runs into the world’s oceans, causing algae to bloom on a massive scale. These blooms essentially created giant “dead zones,” areas where algae take oxygen from the water, suffocating marine life and wreaking havoc on the marine food chain. Species that could not adapt to reduced oxygen levels and lack of food died. However, this theory is still being debated, and some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions are responsible for the drop in oxygen levels in the ocean, according to a study in the journal Geology. A species of sea monster that has been wiped out from the world’s oceans is the 10 m long armored fish called Dunkleosteus . * Permian-Triassic extinction: ~253 million years ago This extinction event is the largest event that has ever occurred on Earth. It wiped out about 90% of all species on the planet and wiped out the reptiles, insects and amphibians that roamed the land. What caused this catastrophic event was a period of rampant volcanism. According to the Sam Noble Museum in Oklahoma, in the ocean, rising levels of carbon dioxide dissolve into the water, poisoning marine organisms and depriving them of their oxygen-rich water. Rising sea temperatures also reduce oxygen levels in the water. Corals are one of the hardest hit groups of marine life – it takes 14 million years for oceanic reefs to rebuild as they once were. * Triassic-Jurassic Extinction: About 201 million years ago The Triassic period was the time when dinosaurs began to inhabit the world. Unfortunately, many volcanoes were also erupting at that time. While it’s still not clear exactly why this fourth mass extinction occurred, scientists suggest that massive volcanic activity occurred in an area of ​​the world now covered by the Atlantic Ocean. cover . Similar to the Permian extinction, volcanoes released huge amounts of carbon dioxide, causing climate change and devastating life on Earth. Global temperatures rise, ice melt, sea levels rise and acidification. As a result, many marine and terrestrial species became extinct; These include large prehistoric crocodiles and several species of flying pterosaurs. All dinosaurs were killed in the fifth mass extinction. Scientists estimate that many species that can fly, burrow or dive into the depths of the ocean survive. For instance, the only true descendants of dinosaurs living today are modern-day birds – more than 10,000 species are thought to have descended from survivors. Is the 6th going? According to The Conversation, scientists define a mass extinction when about three-quarters of species die out in a short geological time, i.e. less than 2.8 million years. Currently, humans are in the early stages of the latest mass extinction, which is happening much faster than any other species. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), since 1970, populations of vertebrate species have decreased by an average of 68% and now more than 35,000 species are considered threatened with extinction. During the 20th century, as many as 543 species of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct, according to a research paper in the journal PNAS. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution in 1760, humans have been a major factor in Earth’s current environmental crisis. From greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depletion to deforestation, plastic piling and the illegal animal trade, humans have been proactively depriving the world of some species and threatening many others. Ecotourism is an industry that drives conservation efforts around the world, but it is on the verge of collapse since global travel restrictions were introduced. Without tourist income, conservationists are having a hard time protecting vulnerable species from poaching, while the COVID-19 pandemic is intensifying. The New York Times reported. Rhinos in Botswana, feral cats in South America and tigers in India have all been targeted in the past year. In the context of the current pandemic, the wildlife market has become the focus of attention for not only being environmentally irresponsible but also potentially endangering human health through infectious diseases. from animals to humans – such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These markets, which trade in live exotic animals or products derived from them, are found all over the world. For example, bear farms in Asia trap 20,000 Asian black bears for bile, leading to a decline in wild populations. Another potential solution to combat extinction could be the cloning of species. In February 2021, scientists revealed they had successfully cloned a black-footed ferret from an animal that died more than 30 years ago. Native to North America, these small mammals were thought to be extinct until a small colony was found in the early 1980s, where they were engaged in breeding and reintroduction programs. across America. The cloning process is similar to that of Dolly the sheep in the early 1990s.

Everyone longs for a “paradise” free from disease, war, and oppression, although this paradise may not exist, but with the development of science, technology and society, we are getting closer. to heaven in the eyes of the ancients. We will also be curious about the future of human society. There are countless works trying to construct an impossibly beautiful perspective for exploring such issues, most of which of course have pessimistic results. In 1798, the British demographer and economist – Malthus showed in his thesis “Principle of Population” that the population increased exponentially but food production increased linearly. If things continued like this, it would reach a point where the population could no longer grow. The hidden content of this theory is that population growth does not necessarily bring prosperity, but can cause socioeconomic stagnation, hence the so-called “Malthusian trap”. After the end of World War II, the world gradually returned to prosperity, the United States ushered in a period of population explosion with a series of babies after the war, and with it, pessimistic views began to emerge. . Some people think that “overpopulation” can lead to a crisis, which in the short term will deplete resources for survival. This mentality of the majority of the population was immediately drawn to Malthus’ ideals. However, the success of the Green Revolution made Malthus’s model no longer valid, as food production spiked. However, the fear surrounding population explosion and its consequences still lingers here and there. Accordingly, a series of experiments demonstrating the effects of population explosion emerged. But a series of animal experiments seem to have yielded surprising results. Human estimates of resources for survival may still be too optimistic, but the real crisis coming from the population itself will seem obvious. The most prominent of which is the experiment of John B. Calhoun, an American expert specializing in the study of ethology and human behavior. John B. Calhoun and the Norwegian Rats. Calhoun was particularly interested in studying birds during his early years, and one of his studies was published in the journals of the Tennessee Bird Society at the age of 15. After that, Calhoun studied from bachelor’s degree to doctorate, and his research direction also gradually turned to animal behavior. Since his doctoral thesis was to study the 24-hour rhythm of the Norwegian rat, Calhoun’s work after graduation was also closely related to this rat. In 1947, Calhoun, then working at Johns Hopkins University, asked a neighbor to buy a piece of land less than 1,000 square meters to use as a laboratory. Then he decided to build an “artificial rat paradise” so that his rodents could live carefree. In the end, Calhoun named the place “Rat City”. With this amount of land, the area of ​​​​the mouse city is not small, it is estimated that it can accommodate 5,000 rats, Calhoun also provides adequate food and water for his mouse subjects, while minimizing the maximum. the impact of disease and predators. Rats are only allowed to operate within the “city”. However, the development of the mouse city was not as smooth as imagined, even a bit bizarre. Calhoun initially included five pregnant female mice, but the reproductive rates of mice in this range were not as high as he had imagined. The number of rats in the study area never exceeded 200, and it stabilized at about 150, much smaller than the number of rats this “artificial paradise” could accommodate. Live rats cluster together in groups, and feed only at specific spots. This may have been the first experiment that brought Calhoun’s attention to population density. Five years after the failure of the rat city project, Calhoun joined the US National Department of Mental Health (NIMH) and was in a better position to design experiments on mice. At that time, Calhoun had a small team working with him, they improved the experimental environment on the mice as well as specially designed the breeding area so that the “artificial paradise” could work better. . The farming area is now only about 4.5 m long, 3 m wide, divided into 4 areas separated by electric fences, each area is equipped with unlimited food and water sources, there is also a multi-storey “apartment” that rats can enter in a spiral. The 4 areas separated by the grid are actually not completely isolated from each other, they are connected in pairs by 3 small bridges. Specifically, these four regions can be considered as four quadrants in the Cartesian coordinate system, where only a direct bridge exists that causes the path to move between the beginning – area 1 and the end – area 4 creating into a U shape. Calhoun designed a special feeding system, where solid food is kept behind nets and the collection process is not easy. In the first litter, but the residents here are reasonably arranged with a total of 32 mice, the number of males and females is equal and they are all adult rats that have reached reproductive age. According to the plan, the mice in the habitat would breed quickly, and the number would exceed the 40 limit for a short time, but Calhoun wouldn’t stop the experiment immediately. He would let the rats spawn to 80 and watch them. At first, the female rats were evenly distributed in the four regions, but when the fights between the males ended, the stronger males took over more females. Due to the design of four areas and three connecting bridges, a large number of low-status male rats will be concentrated in areas two and three, while the first and fourth areas become “swarms” of mice Males have higher status. At the bridge, the rats built their own barriers that prevented individuals from walking freely. Weak mice went to cages 2 and 3 to feed and could not return, only a small number of male rats remained in cages 1 and 4. At this point, the strange thing happened, the low-status male rat living in areas 1 and 4 – despite living among the females – had no desire to mate with the opposite sex. Instead they approached higher-status male rats, but the high-status males didn’t deny it either. The number of mice in the barn for 2-3 days is dense due to the continuous appearance of new litters of mice that “go and do not return”. At the same time, the rats’ eating behavior changed as they became accustomed to Calhoun’s feeding device. They refuse to eat alone, and only engage in net scavenging activities when and only in the presence of their own. The pressure from the population, from feeding (despite the abundance of food) creates a pattern that Calhoun calls a “behavioural sink”, roughly translated as “behavior alienation”; Rats begin to develop harmful behaviors. Under the influence of behavioral alienation, female rats have increased social interaction and decreased ability to care for offspring – and because young rats rely heavily on their mothers, herd numbers are at risk of decline. Whenever female mice move their nests, they often leave behind a large number of young mice. And yet, at the time of estrus, because female rats live in closed cages, they cannot escape from the males, and the brutal mating behavior in the cage affects the young even more. At one point, the mortality rate in the rat cage reached 96%. In dominant males, behavioral corruption causes them to become hysterical, frequently attacking their cagemates and even their young. In the vulnerable group of mice, Calhoun found traits that could separate mice into three distinct groups: The first type is called “pansexual”, they do not participate in competitions for social status, but will try to mate with any rat possible regardless of gender. or age. Not many individuals refuse this behavior. The latter, which Calhoun calls a “somnambulist”, is slow-moving, barely interacts with other rats, does not participate in social activities, and very few other individuals interact with them. ., but they are extremely fond of taking care of their appearance and are never violent. The third category, the group that most surprised Calhoun was named the “probes”. These are hyperactive individuals, constantly looking for opportunities to mate with rats of both sexes. Even if they were attacked by higher-status male rats, they would still frantically pursue females in heat. Once they reached the slums and found the young left behind, the fugitives found another source of nourishment. Continue: The end of the gruesome experiment, and the premise of the next one.

Mr. Le Minh Hieu introduced the breeding model of black soldier fly. Mr. Le Minh Hieu said that 3 years ago he went on a business trip to An Giang province and knew about the black soldier fly breeding model. However, the models he visited were all models of dry farming with peat, waste and cow dung. With that way of raising, he saw many inappropriate points. Therefore, when he returned home, he researched and learned more about the characteristics and habitat of the black soldier fly larvae. After a period of research, Mr. Hieu has experimented with black soldier flies in a microbial culture mixture, with the principle of using microorganisms to treat odors, and overcome harmful bacteria to create beneficial bacteria. beneficial environment. Mr. Hieu used probiotics in combination with molasses and clean water and allowed newly hatched black soldier fly larvae to live in this environment. At first, Mr. Hieu had to buy black soldier fly eggs from hatcheries from An Giang province, but now he knows how to breed himself without having to buy outside. Currently, Mr. Hieu’s black soldier fly farm has an area of ​​about 200 m2, with each raising of about 1 gram of eggs, 300 kg of commercial larvae will be produced within 12 days. Mr. Hieu further shared, the life cycle of black soldier flies lasts more than 1 month, starting from eggs, larvae, pupae, and finally molting into black soldier flies. Adults live about 3-5 days, do not eat, live in the shade of trees. Black soldier fly larvae produce a substance that is detrimental to the laying and hatching of flies and other insects, making them an environmentally beneficial livestock and a very good food for humans. livestock and poultry. Nutritional composition in black soldier fly larvae before pupal stage is 43 – 51% protein, 15 – 18% fat, 2.8 – 6.2% calcium, 1 – 1.2% phosphorus, enough nutrients Nutrient for animal feed such as pigs, chickens, ducks…, and is the best live food for raising ducks, chickens, fish, shrimps, crabs… Fly larvae can be concentrated, dried and mixed with other substances. other nutrients as feed to completely replace fishmeal in the production of animal and aqua feeds. Mr. Le Minh Hieu uses commercial black soldier fly larvae as chicken feed to replace feed from industrial bran. Currently, with a culture of 300 kg of black soldier fly larvae / 12 days, with a mixture of hydrolysis of black soldier fly larvae, fish hydrolysis plus bean residue and micro-organisms, Mr. Hieu can completely replace the feed. industrial feed for 1,400 ducks, 400 chickens and hundreds of fish of all kinds being raised on the family farm. With this mix of feed, Mr. Hieu calculated less than 3,000 VND/kg of feed, over 50% cheaper than the current cost of 1 kg of industrial bran. Mr. Hieu compares, with about 1,000 ducks raised commercially, with the current price of industrial bran, farmers spend about 80 million dong of industrial bran for ducks from raising to slaughter. As for this method of raising from hydrolyzed black soldier fly larvae, it only costs about 35 million VND in food costs. “With this method of feeding from black soldier fly larvae, animals grow very quickly due to the high nutritional content of the feed, and the risk of disease is also significantly reduced. Therefore, it is very cost-effective in raising livestock and improving the quality of livestock”, Mr. Hieu added. According to the Agricultural Extension Center of Ba Ria-Vung Tau province, the use of insects in livestock production is very popular in the world. Black soldier flies are recognized by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as the preferred insect species for waste treatment and use of protein content as an alternative to food for some livestock. Mr. Hieu’s model of raising black soldier flies is a relatively new and very successful model in Ba Ria-Vung Tau province.

Illustration. White shark Jagged jaws and razor-sharp teeth make the great white shark the most feared killer in the ocean. Fast speed, sharp sense of smell makes it easy for great white sharks to defeat most aquatic creatures except giant whales. Sharks can smell blood from a great distance and quickly move to where their prey is injured. Photo:Discovery Adult great white sharks can be up to 4 m long and weigh about 1,100 kg. The great white shark becomes more aggressive when stimulated by the smell of blood, the researchers say. However, this animal does not intend to attack humans. Their poor eyesight causes them to mistake humans for seals or other animals. Great white sharks kill about 100 people every year. Photo:Discovery Killer whales Experts have had the opportunity to debate the hunting behavior of killer whales and come to the conclusion, this relatively complex way of hunting is not as rare as people think. “I’ve seen similar scenes with a number of different species of dolphins in oceans around the world, so I assume killer whales regularly ‘exercise’ complex hunting strategies with For example, with slower swimmers, such as seals and sea lions, killer whales prefer to use their tails to knock their prey out of the water, stunning it and then killing it. victim,” said an oceanographer from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). So how do killer whales possess superior hunting skills? How cruel are they? We will take a look at a few reasons why killer whales are known as the “cold-blooded” geniuses of the ocean. Saltwater crocodile The saltwater crocodile is the largest living crocodile and amphibian species on earth. They live in northern Australia, some countries in Southeast Asia or Africa. The habitat of this organism is saline rivers or lakes. Their body size can reach 6 m. The saltwater crocodile is the largest crocodile in the world and the largest living reptile in the world. Male saltwater crocodiles have been recorded at 23 feet (7 m) in length and 2,205 pounds (1,000 kg) in weight. Females are much smaller, measuring about 10 feet (3 m) long and weighing 330 pounds (150 kg). Adult saltwater crocodiles have an average of 66 teeth and the largest bite pressure of any animal in the world. The saltwater crocodile’s most feared weapon is a strong tail, large jaws and fast movement speed. They are known for their cunning for their unique hiding style and ability to approach their prey gently. This cheeky animal is ready to attack humans if they get the chance. Saltwater crocodiles kill between 600 and 800 people each year. Photo:Flick This is the largest reptile on the planet and every year they cause the death of more than 2,000 people. Lion Known as the “king of the jungle”, however, lions don’t actually live in the jungle. Instead, their main habitat is the grasslands and plains of Africa. This animal hides under the trees for about 20 hours a day to avoid the heat. They hunt in groups to increase their chances of killing their victims. The African lion is the largest animal of the cat family. Adult males can be from 3 to 3.3 m long. They use speed to chase their prey, pounce on their victim with their sharp claws before knocking it down with a fatal bite to the neck. Usually, the lion will try to separate the victim from the herd before surrounding and killing it. This animal kills about 800 people every year. The lion has many “gifted” physical traits that make it an excellent hunter in the wild. A lion’s vision, for example, is six times more sensitive to light than a human’s, giving it a significant advantage when hunting at night. Its claws can be easily retracted, stretched, and let out. In addition, they have the ability to reach speeds of up to 80 km/h in a very short time and jump as high as more than 10m. In addition to the symbolic roar, lions communicate with each other in the same ways that cats do: through whining and purring. Lions also rub their heads together as an act of bonding and spreading.” home scent.” This scent allows the lions to recognize the members of the pack when a dispute with an opponent occurs. Tiger Fish The tiger fish is the most bloodthirsty carnivore in the world. They breed and thrive on rivers in South America. The tiger fish’s most fearsome weapon is its sharp teeth, with more powerful bites than the T-rex tyrannosaurs if their jaws are as large as the most feared animals of prehistoric times. The teeth of the piranha are hard and have sharp, saw-like edges, making it easy for them to tear their prey. A school of tiger fish can tear large prey in minutes. The red-bellied tigerfish is the most ferocious of the piranhas. Scientists say tiger fish are attracted to the blood of shark-like prey. However, this animal is ready to attack prey hundreds of times larger than their body. There are also many cases of tiger fish attacking people in the wild.

Tashirojima Cat Island The most famous animal island in Japan is Tashirojima, where there are more cats than people. Tashirojima is a small island located off the coast of Ishinomaki City in Miyagi Prefecture. There are over 100 cats that live in harmony with the locals. Tashirojima Island was once known as a famous silk producer. The cat boom on the island dates back to the Edo period (1603-1868). At this time, islanders raised cats to help protect silkworms from mice and other pests. Tashirojima is not the only cat island in Japan. Aoshima in Ehime Prefecture and Ainoshima in Fukuoka Prefecture are also home to more than 100 native cats. Today, on the island there is still a cat shrine called the Cat Shrine. Photo: Unusual Places. Okunoshima Rabbit Island Located in Hiroshima Prefecture, Okunoshima is one of the islands with the most “animal inhabitants” in the world. Currently, there are about 1,000 wild rabbits living on the island. Located in the Seto Inland Sea, the island was home to a chemical weapons factory during World War II. The rabbits currently living here are believed to be descendants of rabbits that were once used as test subjects for chemical weapons. Today, Okunoshima is famous as a charming destination with sandy beaches, many cycling paths and friendly rabbits. In fact, there are far more rabbits than the population on the island. Photo: Chris McGrath. Kojima Monkey Island Kojima Island is located about 200 meters off the coast of Miyazaki Prefecture. The island’s name literally means “happy island”. Kojima has beautiful sandy beaches and warm surrounding waters. There are about 100 wild monkeys on the island. The monkeys that live here have a unique habit of washing potatoes and dipping them in seawater before eating. The sea water gives the potatoes a salty taste, and this habit is passed down among generations of monkeys on the island. This has led many to assume that monkeys are capable of building cultures just like humans. In addition, Kojima Island also has other animals such as rabbits and pandas. No people live on Kojima Island. Photo: Das Gebiet. Itsukushima Deer Island Itsukushima in Hiroshima Prefecture is home to about 500 deer. The island, also known as Miyajima (which means “temple island” in Japanese), is one of the most popular tourist attractions in Japan with its distinctive red tori gate standing in the middle of the sea. Deer have lived in Itsukushima for at least 800 years. They are honored by local residents as messengers of God and are worshiped at Itsukushima Shrine on the island. Today, visitors can see deer roaming freely around the island and they are allowed to take pictures with them Visitors are more likely to encounter deer in the pier shopping street and in the woods than in the main temple grounds. Photo: Insider. Yonaguni ngựa Horse Island Located at the westernmost tip of Japan, Yonaguni Island in Okinawa Prefecture is famous for its scenic spots, blue ocean and beautiful white beaches. The Yonaguni horse is also one of the island’s signature features. It is an indigenous breed and is one of the eight types of horse of Japanese origin. Coming to Yonaguni Island, visitors can participate in many experiences with horses such as horseback riding on the beach, horseback riding around the island or horseback riding into the sea… Yonaguni horses are quite small, averaging 110 to 120 cm in height. Photo: ZEKKEI Japan. Yagishiri Sheep Island Yagishiri Island is located 25 km west of Hokkaido. About a third of the island is covered with forests. With beautiful nature, many scenic spots and a variety of flora and fauna, the island is an attractive destination for visitors to explore throughout the year. Yagishiri is also known as the Suffolk breed of sheep, which originated in England. Visitors can watch them relax and graze on a large grassland. Suffolk lamb is tender, is a high quality and expensive ingredient. Yagishiri Island is a popular destination for nature lovers. Photo: Threepinner.

Elephants in the Central Highlands. (Photo source: PV/Vietnam+) Wild animals and plants play an important role in maintaining ecological balance, ensuring Ecosystem are complete systems, contributing to the provision of ecosystem services for sustainable development, bringing direct benefits to people. The strengthening of wildlife protection is one of the most important tasks of biodiversity conservation. A clear legal system, behavior change communication, and effective law enforcement are considered to be the three decisive factors for the success of a conservation campaign. VNA introduces a series of 4 articles “Joining hands to protect wildlife in Vietnam.” Lesson 1: Facing a downtrend According to the United Nations Intergovernmental Committee in the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services, the rate at which biodiversity is being degraded is unprecedented in history. One million plant and animal species out of a total of 8 million species on earth are on the verge of extinction. In Vietnam, in recent years, biodiversity resources are continuing to decline. The situation of illegal hunting, killing, slaughtering, transporting, trading, and consuming wild animals is still complicated, leading to an increase in the risk of extinction of many wild animals in the environment. nature, negatively affecting ecological balance, human health and the country’s reputation in the international arena. There is also a risk of disease transmission to humans, livestock and poultry. Biodiversity is reduced mainly due to natural loss, overexploitation, climate change, environmental pollution from the use of pesticides, plastic products… and invasive species. In which, urbanization, deforestation, and agricultural development are the main causes causing nearly 75% of the terrestrial environment to be changed, causing species and ecosystems to decline. The wildlife trade has also created many consequences, wreaking havoc on the environment, severely reducing species populations with 67% of animals worldwide already in decline. High diversity comes with risk extinction increase According to the 6th national report to the Convention on Biological Diversity, Vietnam currently has about 51,400 species of organisms that have been identified, including 7,500 species/microorganism strains, about 20,000 terrestrial and aquatic plant species, 10,900 species of terrestrial animals, 2,000 species of invertebrates and freshwater fish, and 11,000 other marine species. Many species have great value for conservation, contribute to science and affirm the global importance of Vietnam’s biodiversity, such as saola, silver-backed chevrotain, giant gill, Truong Son gill, striped rabbit, etc. Asian elephants, bison, gray cows, tigers, leopards, star deer, primates, sea turtles and freshwater tortoises… The International Bird Conservation Organization has also identified Vietnam as having 63 important bird areas. important. Compared with other countries in Indochina, the fauna of Vietnam is quite rich in species composition and has a high degree of endemism. Of the 21 monkey species found in this region, Vietnam has 15 species, of which 7 are endemic species and subspecies. Of the 49 endemic bird species in the region, Vietnam has 33 species, of which 10 are endemic to Vietnam alone. From 2014-2018, 334 new species were discovered for science including 208 animal species, 136 plant species described and published in prestigious international scientific journals and the Institute’s Journal of Biology Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology. According to statistics, the number of species and individuals of Vietnam’s wild species is on a sharp decline, many endangered, precious and rare species are at very high risk of extinction. Like the Ho Guom turtle, there are only 4 known living individuals in the world, including 1 individual in China and 3 individuals in Vietnam. Other large mammals such as elephants, tigers, bears, big cats and pangolins are also threatened with extinction if no resolute and effective protection measures are taken. Sao la – a species endemic to the Truong Son range is also on the verge of extinction. Investigation and monitoring efforts to date have not found any populations of the species in the wild. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature’s Red List updated in November 2020, the number of threatened species distributed in Vietnam is 745 species, including 64 mammal species, 53 bird species, 70 reptile species, etc. 45 species of amphibians and 96 species of fish. The total number of wild species recorded in the Red Book of Vietnam is 882 species, of which 464 are precious and rare animals (an increase of 108 species within 10 years). There are 116 species that are critically endangered and 6 species that have been converted from different endangered levels to considered extinct, including two-horned rhinoceros, gray bull, tapir, otter civet, lilac crocodile, star deer . The 2016 species inventory proposed to include 1,211 species in the updated Red Book, including 600 species of plants and 611 species of animals. Compared with the 2007 Red Book, the number of threatened and endangered species has increased significantly. Big challenge According to the assessment of the Department of Nature Conservation and Biodiversity (General Department of Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment), the conservation of wild animals and plants is facing many challenges and limitations. . The issue of protecting wild species, especially endangered, precious and rare species has not yet been unified in the approach to management and conservation; management regime for species in different categories. Especially in matters of criteria for species identification, the list of endangered, precious and rare species and endangered, precious and rare species are prioritized for protection. An otter belonging to group 1B, imprisoned in an iron cage, is illegally sold by stall owner Yen Tam in Thanh Hoa, Long An province in 2020 for 10 million VND. (Photo: Hung Vo/Vietnam+) Duplicating the list leads to an overlap in management regimes and makes it difficult to apply legal documents as well as handle violations in practice. Specifically, the three-bar box turtle belongs to the list of endangered, precious and rare species prioritized for protection and is not allowed to be traded, but at the same time belongs to group IIB – forest plants and animals that are not yet threatened. extinct, but at risk of being threatened if not strictly managed, limited exploitation and use for commercial purposes. The overexploitation and use of wildlife resources, deforestation, and conversion of forest use purposes also lead to habitat loss of species leading to increasing conflicts between humans and species in the region. nature. Species conservation programs are approved by the authorities, but in practice there are few resources to implement. The demand for illegal and unsustainable consumption of endangered wild species for food, medicine, pets, decoration… still exists. The illegal trade in these species is increasingly sophisticated, organized and complicated, with elements of transnational crime. Law enforcement is still limited and ineffective due to lack of resources, including physical, human and financial facilities. Remuneration regimes and policies for enforcement officers are not commensurate with the high responsibilities and risks when facing this crime. The specialized force’s ability to fight against this type of violation on endangered, precious and rare wild species has not yet kept up with the sophisticated and professional tricks of criminals. Some shortcomings and gaps in legal documents make it difficult to handle violations such as the lack of regulations on handling exhibits. In practice, it may take a lot of time for the investigating agency, the procuracies or the people’s court, the trial panel to make a decision, or it may also take time to get the assessment results when the individuals Live and healthy wild animals need to be treated and immediately released back into the wild, which is very expensive to preserve until the case is heard. Cooperation between enforcement agencies has improved, but there has not been a close coordination mechanism, no guidance on the investigation process after the arrest of wildlife individuals or products, including: including the process of making and transferring dossiers from customs, border guards and forest rangers to the police, assessment agencies, procuracies and courts; handling wild animals and their parts after confiscation. In addition, the awareness of the whole society towards species conservation, biodiversity conservation has been improved, but there are still many limitations. Some parts of the people still have a high demand to use endangered wildlife, leading to increased hunting, trading and consumption. Awareness of all levels and branches has been raised, but not enough and not drastically to contribute to the conservation of endangered, precious and rare species effectively and comprehensively. Deputy Director of the Center for Education for Nature (Vietnam Union of Science and Technology Associations) Bui Thi Ha said that corruption is also a big obstacle to wildlife law enforcement efforts because there are With the help of a number of corrupt officials, many criminals have been and are blatantly committing crimes without fear of being discovered, arrested, put on trial or facing punishment. prison./.

Experts from the Hanoi Wildlife Rescue Center directly carry out the re-release of king cobras and Chinese cobras to the forest. Photo: Thanh Dat/VNA Master Ha Hong, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Environment and Urbanism, a person with 30 years of experience in environmental propaganda, including wildlife, said that there are barriers when performing this task. According to Master Ha Hong, when social networks develop, one of the factors that “help” reduce biodiversity is the rampant appearance of advertising pages for wildlife trade. In 2019 alone, the Wildlife Protection Department of the Nature Education Center has recorded more than 2,400 cases of wildlife advertising on facebook, youtube, zalo, tiktok and other websites. This number shows no signs of decreasing when the first 4 months of 2020 recorded 424 violations. Meanwhile, the force of news and propaganda for this segment is both lacking and in-depth. In other countries, reporters writing about environmental protection are required to have two university degrees (journalism and environment or equivalent). In Vietnam, reporters mostly have only one of two university degrees (journalism or environmental related majors). Journalism schools and journalism departments of many universities do not have training courses for specialized reporters. Many international organizations, journalism schools, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment sometimes organize field trips and seminars in the field of wildlife, but only at the level of “riding horses to see flowers”. Many press agencies have rotated reporters continuously, there are no correspondents specializing in the field. Master Ha Hong emphasized, to approach investigating a hot incident in a city, industrial park, or factory is not simple, but it is nonetheless much more convenient when crossing passes, wading streams, and crossing forests every week. It takes months, even years, to obtain documents documenting the illegal cutting of precious and rare tree species or hunting and catching wild animals. Access to reporters is also very dangerous because violators are often familiar with the terrain and are ready to use weapons to defend themselves. Currently, many press agencies have to account for their own operating expenses, so the funding for a group of reporters who travels for many days to write investigative reports is limited, causing difficulties due to the inability to access the checkpoints. , border gate, customs to collect information related to the transportation and consumption of wild species. Therefore, the propaganda information is not much, mainly news and articles based on reports of the management agencies, so it is not lively and not detectable. Adding another barrier if not “sticking” to the end, finding out clearly to have specific recommendations when monitoring and information about wild species and vice versa will achieve high propaganda effectiveness. Master Ha Hong shared that 5 animals are listed in Vietnam’s list of 100 most endangered species in the world, including saola, white-crested pheasant, Ho Guom turtle, marlin and snub-nosed langur. More than 20 years of propagating about the cultural land of Ho Guom, including the Ho Guom turtle, even after the turtle died, with the author having 194 direct sightings of floating turtles. These events were published on the websites of the mass media. Many photos of red-eared turtles appearing in Hoan Kiem Lake are also warned because this is one of the animals that threaten the food source of turtles and other species living in the lake. In addition, it is warned that the use of excavator buckets to dredge the lake will seriously destroy the mud ecosystem of Sword Lake. In early 2011, the photo reportage of the Ho Guom turtle swimming with a series of mottled and scratched marks on the back of author Ha Hong was published, attracting the attention of readers, contributing to urging the authorities of Ha Hong. Hanoi accelerates treatment plan for Hoan Kiem Lake turtle. The cause of the turtle’s scratches is that the turtle often goes through the sewage pipe from Ngoc Son temple to the sewer at Dinh Tien Hoang double street. Previously, this water pipe was pinned to the bottom, then turned up, floating on the water surface. Therefore, the city quickly replaced the sewage pipe, buried underground under the columns of The Huc bridge. Thanks to providing scientists with a set of close-up photos of the Sword Lake turtle with accurate images, in 2019, Master Ha Hong was invited to the Scientific Council to accept and make a specimen of the Sword Lake turtle according to current technology. The world’s most advanced plasticizer is made by scientists from the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology and two scientists from the Federal Republic of Germany. In 2020, scientists discovered another individual turtle of the same species as the Sword Lake turtle in Dong Mo Lake. Thus, Vietnam currently has 3 individuals of these turtles, of which 2 are in Dong Mo lake and 1 individual in An Khanh lake. The Hanoi People’s Committee has a plan to preserve this turtle. In addition, in order to overcome cognitive barriers, many NGOs have taken appropriate measures when social networks thrive. International humanitarian organization in Vietnam released the short film “In the future, the big baby” touched the hearts of passengers of Vietnam Airlines (Vietnam Airlines) with a message of hope to end rhino poaching. in Africa, in an effort to reduce demand for rhino horn and wildlife products. The Center for Education for Nature has released a media short film “Your Nightmare-Reality of a Bear” showing the cruel reality of bear bile farming facilities in Vietnam, which requires a change in behavior with humans. nature to avoid unfortunate consequences. The short film “Monkeys are not pets” to raise awareness for people to end the situation of keeping monkeys as pets – an illegal activity that is very popular in Vietnam today. Basic and long-term solution Langur species is conserved in Phong Nha-Ke Bang National Park. Photo: VNA Master Ha Hong suggested that the basic and long-term solution for effective propaganda is to open training courses for journalists specializing in the environment in general and wildlife in particular in journalism training schools or journalism departments. solstice. Each student graduates with two university degrees or equivalent in journalism and environment. The authorities need to organize specialized training courses, fostering professional skills for reporters who are monitoring the environmental field every 1 or 2 years. Funding for the internship is enough to support reporters of some press agencies to write articles for many periods. In the process of reporters collecting information, there is an agency to act as a focal point to coordinate with forest rangers, market managers, and local authorities. The solutions in Directive 29 in 2020 of the Prime Minister should be well implemented. The Ministry of Information and Communications directs press agencies to strengthen information and propaganda on the law and solutions to protect wildlife; coordinate with concerned agencies in preventing and strictly handling acts of abusing telecommunications networks and the internet for advertising purposes; exhibiting, propagating, trading in wild animal samples has been banned according to the provisions of law. Mass media agencies shall coordinate with ministries, branches and localities in strengthening propaganda and dissemination of laws on wildlife management; continue to propagate about not using illegal wildlife. Besides, organizing the prize for writing about wildlife every 2 years, launching a movement for reporters to say no to the use of products made from illegal wild animals and plants such as maple syrup. “Drink not drive” movement… Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Party Central Committee Phung Huu Phu emphasized the urgency of protecting wild species, contributing to the conservation of biodiversity in Vietnam, which is derived from the living needs of the people themselves. . The application of science to change behavior especially emphasizes the role and responsibility of setting an example of the team of leaders, managers, people with position and prestige in society. In order to improve the effectiveness of communication to change behavior to protect wildlife, according to Dr. Phung Huu Phu, besides the role of media and forms of information such as the press, literature and art, propaganda. mouth, community activities, social networks, etc., the responsibility of setting an example of cadres and party members, especially those holding leadership and management positions, is of decisive significance. Therefore, in the coming time, concerned agencies should focus on changing their behavior from conquering to living together in order to shape the value of living together, loving and protecting nature.

Van Xuong fish. You probably never thought that an animal could live without a head, heart and bones. In fact, this species existed 500 million years ago and exists until today, in addition, they are also considered “cousins” of the ancestors of many vertebrates today. The family of vertebrates is extremely prosperous today, with more than 60,000 members, all of whom have different looks, habits and temperaments, but this “cousin” only has one child left. the only living species, they are named Amphioxus – Van Xuong fish, this species is also considered a living fossil. Although Van Xuong fish is called a fish and at first glance, it is very similar to a fish, but it is not actually a fish. On our planet today, most of the animals that exist are vertebrates, such as horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, ducks, dogs, cats, tigers, turtles.. Of course, there are us humans as well. What makes this particular “fish” so strange and unlike any other is that they are cephalopods, without a backbone, but still grouped with vertebrates, Chordates live and form the phylum Chordate. Biologists think that Van Xuong fish are animals in the transitional evolutionary stage from invertebrates to vertebrates, today they are considered to be ancestors of fish, but they are completely different. not fish. The skin of Van Xuong fish consists of two main layers: the epidermis (epidermis) on the outside and the dermis (dermis) on the inside. Unlike most vertebrates, their epidermis has only one layer of cells, while the dermis is underdeveloped, mainly composed of glue or elastic connective tissue. There are more than 66,000 animals in the order Phylum Chordata. The most special thing is that vertebrates account for the largest proportion, with more than 66,000 species, the main subphylum is the sea squid, and there are currently about 3,000 known species; and cephalopods, there are only two families of Van Xuong and Asymmetron fish – there are 30 species. In fact, the skeleton of this fish is the rope that runs along the body and back from the tail to the head. In the gill slit region, the skeleton is a network of many horizontal and vertical connecting rods. The fins and tentacles are also supported by the connecting rod. Their central nervous system is a neural tube running along the body, located above the spinal cord but not reaching the end of the spinal cord, wrapped in a protective glue membrane. Although Van Xuong fish looks like a fish, the biggest difference between it and vertebrates is that it does not have a real head, sense organs such as smell, sight and hearing, even a skull or a skull. teeth are also something too fictitious for them. This animal only has a tuft of elastic “legs” on the head that acts as support for the body. The most amazing thing is that it doesn’t even have a heart, instead it relies on the beating of a portion of blood vessels to transport blood. Their musculature is less differentiated and typically segmented. Therefore, the muscles can only guarantee simple bending movements, suitable for the lifestyle buried in the sand. The muscular system consists of many muscle segments (myomera), arranged from the anterior end to the posterior end of the body. The muscle segments are separated by septa of connective tissue (myosepta). The muscle segments on both sides of the body are arranged alternately with comb teeth. As a result, when swimming, the body bends in the horizontal plane. Amphioxus is widely distributed in the shallow waters of the ocean, Qingdao and Xiamen in China are their main habitats. In addition, there are the coasts of Southeast Asia and the coasts of California and Florida, Norway, the Mediterranean and Africa. Due to its rich nutrition and delicious taste, Van Xuong fish is considered a traditional delicacy in Southeast Asia. Van Xuong fish is 3 to 5cm long, very strange shape. The long, flattened body looks almost like a pole. The whole body is pinkish-pink, semi-transparent, the muscle fibers are clearly visible. They have no scales, no fins, no spine, their internal organs are just a rhythmically pulsating complex tube. There are no senses like eyes, nose, ears. There is no decomposition for the gastrointestinal tract. Apart from the mouth and pharynx, the only remaining part of the intestine is the intestine leading to the anus. Van Xuong fish often follow the tide to swim into the estuary where the seabed is shallow, almost defenseless but capable of penetrating the ground. Their lifespan is about 3-4 years, they often bury half of themselves in the sand, while the other half is exposed to receive plankton from the river. Their musculature is less differentiated, so they can only move in the water by simple bending movements. When not moving, they often bury themselves in the sand. The respiration of Van Xuong fish is also similar to other fishes. They vibrate the cilia (the tentacles in the mouth) to bring water from them to the gill slit. The wall of the gill slit has many blood vessels, where gas exchange occurs.

Millennia later, scientists believe they have figured out why – a dense cloud of carbon dioxide causes animals that breathe it to suffocate. Dating back 2,200 years, the cave was rediscovered by archaeologists from the University of Salento in 2011. Simulation image of Plutonium It was located in a city called Hierapolis in ancient Phrygia, in what is now Turkey, and was used for animal sacrifices, which were bulls led through Plutonium, or the Gate of Pluto, the ancient god of the underworld – by the purified priests. The purified priests are sacrificing bulls As the priests led the bulls in, people could sit on high chairs above and watch the smoke billowing from the gate killing the animals. “ This space was so full of fog and dense that one could hardly see the ground. Any animal that goes inside is met with instant death. I threw the sparrows in and they immediately took their last breath and fell. ” wrote the Greek historian Strabo (64 BC – 24 AD). A photo showing dead birds at the entrance to “Hell’s Gate” It was this phenomenon that alerted the archaeological team to the location of the cave. Birds flying too close to the mouth of the cave suffocated and fell – indicating that, thousands of years later, it is still as deadly as ever. The culprit is seismic activity underground, according to volcanologist Hardy Pfanz of the University of Duisburg-Essen in Germany, who led a study of the cave’s gas in 2018. A fissure runs deep inside. below the area emitting a large amount of volcanic carbon dioxide. Today’s Status of Plutonium The team measured carbon dioxide levels in the area connected to the cave, and found that the gas – slightly heavier than air – forms a layer 40 centimeters (15.75 inches) above the floor. They found that the gas is scattered by the Sun during the day, but it is most dangerous at dawn after a night of accumulation. Concentrations that reach above 50% at the bottom of the lake, about 35% at 10 cm, can even kill a person – but, above 40 cm, concentrations drop rapidly. During the day, there was still some carbon dioxide about 5 centimeters high, as evidenced by dead bugs found by the team on the floor of the site. And inside the cave, they estimate CO2 concentrations consistently range from 86 to 91 percent, as neither the Sun nor the wind can enter. An inscription at the site indicates the hell gods Pluto and Kore. (Francesco D’Andria / University of Salento) The team notes in their paper that there is a strong touristic element to the place. Tourists could purchase small animals and birds that they could throw down for sacrifice, and on holidays larger animals were sacrificed by priests. “While the bull was standing in the lake with its mouth and nostrils 60 to 90 cm high, the large, mature priests (galli) always stood upright in the lake, ‘ the team wrote in their 2018 paper. Spectators will see large, strong bulls that can’t stand the smoke for a few minutes, while the priests remain strong and proud – a testament to the power of the gods and priests to perform. present to the people at that time. However, researchers believe that the priests were well aware of the characteristics of the cave and surrounding arena, and were able to conduct major sacrifices at dawn or dusk in the early days. Quiet day for maximum effect. Current status of the area They may also burrow their heads inside or into caves during midday ceremonies to demonstrate their abilities, holding their breath to endure. But the presence of oil lamps also suggests that priests approached the cave at night, according to the researcher who found it, Francesco D’Andria. Currently, the ancient city of Hierapolis still becomes one of the attractions attracting thousands of tourists.

Dolphins evolved from a terrestrial animal Dolphins evolved from a terrestrial animal Dolphins are mammals, closely related to whales, often living in the shallow seas of the continental shelf. Dolphins have the ability to understand simple human behavioral language. With their inherent magical ability, dolphins can understand and organize common objects into groups together. They understand both sounds and images, and even respond to images just like humans. Explaining this, scientists have confirmed that dolphins are the most intelligent animals in the world (while humans are only third in intelligence). Millions of years ago, the ancestor of the dolphin did not swim in the water as we know it today, but was a carnivore that lived entirely on land. However, about 50 million years ago, a mysterious event happened that forced them to adapt to the underwater environment, and gradually evolved into a mammal like today. Although they are considered extremely friendly animals, dolphins also have creepy habits, typically juggling their young out of the sea. This sounds like a very funny joke, but in reality, it is one of the ways adult males are killing their young so their mothers can return to mating. Dolphins can’t sleep for weeks at a time A recently published study has revealed the surprising ability of dolphins: They can stay awake for days or weeks at a time without sleep. So how can they survive without sleep? Dolphins possess a very special sleep mechanism, they can let half of their brain rest at a certain time while the other half is still awake – a process called “Unihemispheric sleep”. This special sleeping mechanism not only keeps dolphins from drowning, but also allows them to stay alert to any danger and even encourages brain development. Most dolphins don’t chew their food Dolphins do not chew food, or rather they cannot chew. Dolphin’s teeth are developed for the purpose of gripping prey. Sometimes they will shake or rub the food on the ocean floor to tear it into smaller pieces that are easier to swallow. One theory is that dolphins’ prey are mainly small fish, and they need to quickly grab the prey in their mouth before their meal can swim away. Skip the chewing process to make sure the prey can’t escape. Dolphins call each other by their own names, forming friendships through shared interests Researchers from the Universities of Bristol, Zurich and Western Australia have found that dolphins living in the Shark Bay area form friendships based on shared interests – in this case, the habit of using foam. sea ​​to hunt. This tool-using trait is found mainly in female dolphins, but by studying the behavior of a few expressed male dolphins, researchers have found a new discovery: The relationship of dolphins is formed through general tooling techniques. Dolphins have their own names and they will respond when called. Dolphins in each population possess their own “characteristic whistle”, just like a name, and other dolphins can use that distinctive whistle to get the attention of their mates. In fact, dolphins are also an extremely social species. The discovery opens up entirely new questions about how dolphins communicate and their “vocabulary,” and may reveal clues about the evolution of our own language skills. Dolphins use prey’s toxins as ‘addicts’ We know that puffer fish have strong toxins. Apparently dolphins know this too, but they use it for ‘high’ purposes. Usually, the puffer fish toxin is deadly. However, in small doses, it can act as a narcotic. The BBC once filmed a video in which dolphins gently play with a puffer fish for 20 to 30 minutes, then hang around and behave “weird”. Dolphins possess great “teamwork” ability A team of researchers from the University of Bristol recently discovered that male dolphins can work and work together as a team – an attribute previously thought to be unique to humans. Observing the behavior of male dolphins as they coordinated courtship with female pigs, the researchers saw cooperation rather than competitive behavior, which is particularly unusual in mate-finding in the animal kingdom.

This is the second time this giant predator has been found to have COVID-19 after eight tigers and lions at Bronx Zoo, New York, USA, had similar results in April 2020. According to experts, it is likely that these lions were infected with COVID-19 from people working in the NZP, because more than 25 NZP staff has reportedly been infected with COVID-19 to date. NZP is a 54-hectare zoo, caring for more than 2,000 animals, the most visited place in India today. Because the incident on the NZP had to close and wait until further notice. Lions infected with COVID-19. Viruses can be transmitted from animals to humans and vice versa Many studies have found airborne transmission and animal-to-animal contact, from human to animal, and vice versa. Cats and weasels are the two animals most susceptible to SARS-CoV-2, while dogs are shorter; chickens, pigs and ducks are not infected. ZS-CoV-2 reverse transmission from animals to humans in dogs and cats has been confirmed by genetic analysis of virus strains isolated from domestic animals and domestic animals. Most studies show no clinical symptoms in infected dogs and cats. There is no evidence of animal-to-animal transmission of SARS-CoV-2, although this possibility is not excluded. COVID-19 in mink farms showed both human-to-mink transmission and vice versa. This raises concerns about weasels becoming an unexpected vector for SARS-CoV-2. According to three studies updated by the European Center for Infectious Diseases and Policy (CIDRAP), a high proportion of dogs and cats may have acquired COVID-19 from the owner, and the virus “jumps”. People and weasels go back and forth on farms in the Netherlands. Weasel is the most susceptible animal to SARS-CoV-2. First, a small study conducted by the University of Guelph in Ontario, Canada. As a result, most dogs and cats may have acquired COVID-19 from their owners, scientific evidence finds antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in their blood. “Testing an animal’s blood after the owner has recovered is the best way to assess human-to-animal transmission because the time it takes to determine the current infection in the pet is narrow. There is sufficient evidence from many studies to recommend that people infected with SARS-CoV-2 should be isolated from humans and animals. Dr. Dorothee Bienzle, University of Guelph, key author. The second study was published in the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases late September 2020. Scientists in Hong Kong examined respiratory and fecal samples from 50 cats from COVID-19-infected households or their close contacts for SARS-CoV-2 RNA from November 11. 2 to 11/8/2020. 6 out of 50 cats (12%) tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA on RT-PCR and the viral genome from a pair of hosts and cats were identical. All cats show no symptoms but have lung abnormalities similar to those found in infected people. The researchers call for broader serological monitoring of cats connected to COVID-19 patients to determine the incidence of human-to-cat transmission. The third study, presented at the ESCMID conference, monitored COVID-19 contamination in 16 mink farms with more than 720,000 animals in the Netherlands. As a result, SARS-CoV-2 was found to have “jumped” back and forth between people and weasels, in the case of animal-to-human transmission or vice versa. Researchers who examined and sequenced the entire genome showed that 66 out of 97 people (67%) who lived or worked on farms were diagnosed with COVID-19 on PCR or a resistance test. can. Currently, COVID-19 is still spreading in farms, despite human efforts, the authors reveal. In order to minimize the risk of transmission of the virus between humans and animals and vice versa, scientists argue that close cooperation between animal health agencies and people is essential for early identification and control of schools. infection with SARS-CoV-2. Cats need to be isolated to prevent infection with SARS-CoV-2. In addition, to avoid transmission of the virus from infected households and pets to livestock, the livestock must be in the same quarantine as applies to humans. Letting your pet roam in a community increases the likelihood of spreading the virus. The original origin of the virus has not been determined yet, so livestock should be strictly managed and all measures are taken according to the veterinary authorities, especially pets in areas where epidemics have occurred. and has been translated. Ngoc Anh ( People / Ejmed / CUE– 5/2021 )

You probably never thought that an animal could live without a head, heart, or bones. In fact, this species existed 500 million years ago and exists to this day, in addition they are considered “cousins” of the ancestors of many species of vertebrates today. The vertebrate family of today is extremely prosperous, with more than 60,000 members, all of them with different looks, habits and temperament, but this “cousin” has only one child. Only alive, they are called Amphioxus – Van Xuong fish, this species is also considered living fossils. Although Van Xuong fish is called fish and at first glance it is very similar to fish, it is not actually fish. On our planet today, most animals that exist are vertebrates, such as horses, cattle, sheep, chickens, dogs, cats, tigers, ba … Of course, there are us as well. What makes this particular “fish” so exotic and unlike any fish is that they are vertebrates, have no vertebrates but are still grouped with vertebrates, cord animals and form the Chordate branch. Biologists believe that Van Xuong fish are animals during the transition from invertebrates to vertebrates, today they are considered to be the ancestors of fish, but they are completely not fish. The skin layer of Van Xuong fish has 2 main layers, the outer epidermis and the dermis on the inside. Unlike most vertebrates, their epidermis has only 1 cell layer, while the epidermis is underdeveloped, mainly composed of colloid or elastic connective tissue. There are more than 66,000 species of animals in the order Phylum Chordata. The most remarkable thing is that vertebrates make up the largest proportion, with more than 66,000 species, the main caudal subsector is the sea level, and there are currently about 3,000 known species; and head vertebrates, only two families of fish Van Xuong and fish Asymmetron – there are 30 species. In fact, the skeleton of this fish is the wire that runs along the body and back from the tail to the head. The gill region, the skeleton, is a network of horizontal and vertical interconnected rods. The fins and tentacles are also supported by the connecting rod. Their central nervous system is a neural tube running along the body, located above the spinal cord but not reaching the end of the spinal cord, wrapped in a protective glue film. Although the Van Xuong looks like a fish, the biggest difference between it and its vertebrates is that it does not have a real head, sensory organs such as smell, sight and hearing, even a skull. The teeth are also something too fictional for them. This animal has only a bunch of elastic “legs” on the head to play the role of supporting the body. The most amazing thing is that it doesn’t even have a heart; instead, it relies on the beat of part of the blood vessel to carry blood. Their musculoskeletal system is less dissociated and typical dissociated. Therefore, muscles can only ensure simple bending movements, consistent with the lifestyle of being buried in the sand. The muscular system consists of many muscles (myomera), arranged from the front end to the posterior end of the body. The muscle segments are intersected by septum by connective tissue (myosepta). The muscles on both sides of the body are arranged alternately with comb teeth together. As a result, when swimming, the Pangasius swim, its body bends along the horizontal plane. Amphioxus is widely distributed in the shallow waters of the ocean, and Qingdao and Xiamen in China are their primary habitats. In addition, there are coasts of Southeast Asia and coasts of California and Florida, Norway, the Mediterranean and Africa. Due to its rich nutrition and delicious taste, Van Xuong fish is considered a delicious traditional dish in Southeast Asia. Van Xuong fish is 3 to 5cm long, the morphology is very strange. The long and flattened body looks almost like a burden. The whole body color is pink, semi-transparent, the parallel longitudinal muscle fibers can be seen. They have no scales, no fins, no vertebrae, and their internal organs are just a rhythmic, rhythmic, complex. No senses like eyes, nose, or ears. There is no differentiation to the digestive tract. Apart from the mouth and throat, just a piece of intestine that leads straight to the anus. Van Xuong fish often follows tidal water to swim in estuaries where the seabed is shallow, almost unable to defend themselves but capable of penetrating into the ground. Their lifespan is about 3-4 years, they often bury half of themselves in the sand, while the other half is exposed to the plankton from the river. Their muscles are less differentiated, so they can only move in water by simple bending movements. When not moving they often bury themselves in the sand. The way of respiration of Van Xuong fish is similar to that of fish. They vibrate to inject capillaries (mouth tassels) to carry the stream of water from the gill slits. The wall of the gill slot has many blood vessels, where gas exchange occurs.

Elephants in the Central Highlands. (Photo source: PV / Vietnam +) According to the General Department of Environment (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment), the subject of International Day of Biodiversity (22/5) in 2021 was chosen by the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity “We are part of the solution.” The theme was chosen to continue the cross-cutting theme of 2020 “Our solutions are available in nature” as a reminder that biodiversity remains an important solution, an option for Sustainable Development . From nature-based solutions to climate issues, health, food security, drinking water and sustainable livelihoods, biodiversity is the foundation on which we can rebuild for the better. Due to the complicated ongoing COVID-19 epidemic around the world, the 2021 International Day of Biodiversity will be commemorated through an online campaign. In a new study published in the Journal of Frontiers in Forest and Global Change (excluding Antarctica), scientists identified only 3% of the world’s land is still ecologically intact, with healthy primitive populations and undisturbed habitat. This number is only for the nature of “approximate estimate.” The study used range maps of 7,000 word species Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. Most of the data is from mammals but also includes some birds, fish, plants, reptiles and amphibians. The world is in a biodiversity crisis, many wildlife populations, from lions to insects, are plunging in numbers, mainly due to habitat loss. Some scientists believe that the 6th mass extinction on Earth is beginning and will have serious consequences for food, clean water and air. Vietnam is one of the most important and biodiversity countries in the world, both in terms of marine and terrestrial ecosystems (especially forest and mangrove ecosystems). According to the Vietnam UNESCO Office, 238 priority ecological zones have been recognized around the world, of which 6 are located in Vietnam. Several nature reserves in Vietnam are recognized by UNESCO for their unique universal natural value, including 3 natural heritages, two global geopark, 9 biosphere reserves and two Wetlands are located in two world biosphere reserves. However, Vietnam’s conservation efforts are facing various difficulties and challenges such as: biodiversity degradation trends have become more important due to deforestation and illegal logging. legal, overexploitation, economic growth and population pressure, have enormous impacts on the key services these ecosystems provide. According to the Department Nature conservation and biodiversity (Vietnam Environment Administration), nature-based solutions is a term that can be used to describe alternative and non-traditional approaches to environmental problems such as flooding, water scarcity or soil erosion, by exploiting natural capital. Can Gio mangrove forest. (Photo: Manh Linh / VNA) Solutions could include restoring and conserving coral reefs and mangrove belts to increase resilience to coastal flooding and sea level rise, serving as the first line of defense for dissipation. energy waves and vegetation to reduce the risk of landslides and create green belts to help replenish groundwater in areas facing water scarcity. In response to the International Day of Biodiversity on May 22, 2021, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment will honor organizations and individuals who have made many contributions to wildlife conservation in the 2010-2020 period. According to the General Department of Environment (Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment), the Selection Council is composed of managers from the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, and other Leading scientists in the field of species conservation such as Professor, Doctor of Science Dang Huy Huynh – Biodiversity Hero of ASEAN. The dossiers to participate in the program honoring organizations and individuals with many contributions to the conservation of wild species are evaluated on the basis of the selected selection criteria. Each profile is consulted by all experts in the council, ensuring transparency and fairness. According to the Selection Council, the discovery of new species, initiatives and solutions for biodiversity conservation is of an important nature. Documents participating in this program show that there are thousands of named wild flora and fauna species, many of which are endemic to Vietnam. Many initiatives and solutions contribute to improving the efficiency of efforts of all levels, sectors and the society in species conservation. Initiatives on reproduction, breeding and successful conservation of rare species, care solutions, propaganda and especially initiatives from volunteer groups to protect species life and inspire those who has been and wants to contribute to this field. Scientists believe that the first time the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has an initiative to organize a program to encourage and encourage the development of the scientific research movement on biodiversity is a meaningful activity taking place. In the context of increasing climate change, the rate of biodiversity degradation of our country and the world tends to increase. It is expected that the Ceremony to honor individuals and organizations participating in the program will be held on May 21, 2021./.

The first day 12:30, our group departed from the eastern bus station to Nam Cat Tien. You should book early and buy tickets upstairs. Because visitors on this trip are very crowded, downstairs often have to sit together, quite tight. After a long way through rubber forests, the houses gradually thin, the group arrived in Nam Cat Tien. The group bought tickets to take a ferry across the river to reach the meet up point. Because it is located far away from the residential area, Nam Cat Tien is pure and peaceful. I check-in, check-in and do personal hygiene. The room is designed simply, clean, and fully equipped. The property has a yard for setting up tents and campfires. 18:00 group buy tickets to go sightseeing night animals. This is the only site in Vietnam that allows you to witness the natural life of wildlife. The forest rangers carried the group, used the lights to find and showed the group of animals such as porcupines, deer, cows, rabbits … who were looking for food. People must not use the flash to take pictures and make noise. After watching the fun, the group went to the restaurant in the resort for dinner. I find the food is quite delicious. However, the price is high so the group only orders the main dishes. After that, the group rested for the next day’s activities. Monday The group started the day with a visit to the semi-wild zoo. It takes care of, nurtures and protects animals injured by poaching. After restoring their health, they will be returned to their natural environment. The group rented a bicycle, ran along the road around the resort to go deep into the forest. The group stopped at the stream to rest and took many beautiful photos. To continue the journey, the group returned to the baggage collection room to prepare for the 6km trip to Bau Sau and the 17km forest walk the next day. You should bring lightweight items, enough mineral water and some candies to recharge. To get to Bau Sau, the delegation will travel by car from the administrative center of the garden about 9 km, then walk another 5 km through the forest. The trip was accompanied by a ranger to guide the way and ensure the safety of the group. Coming here, the whole group was stunned by the beautiful scenery of nature. The large lake is surrounded by mountains and forests, the lawns are a playground for monkeys, bamboo bushes with many nesting birds. In particular, you will be able to sit on a canoe moving on the river, surrounded by countless ferocious crocodile eyes. After a long day, the forest rangers prepared a dinner with many delicious dishes from the ingredients grown here. In the evening, the delegation went to the hut in the field to sit and listen to the brothers telling stories about work, life in the wild mountains and forests and stories about Bau Sau. Late at night, everyone returns to their rooms to rest and prepare for a trip through the woods tomorrow morning. The third day At 6am the group woke up, prepared luggage and some food for the all day journey through the forest. Walking through the trails, you will be able to see with your own eyes strange mushrooms, forest branches or medicinal plants, precious orchids … In the forest, there are many, you need to prepare sprays. insects and observe carefully so that they do not cling to people. After the morning, the group has a lunch break and recharges in the shade. In the afternoon, the group was fortunate to admire the variety of colors of butterflies. Do not forget to bring your camera to capture this beautiful moment. Continue the journey to reach the gathering point to move back to the tourist area. Spent a day of exploration, our group had dinner and went off early. Last day The group got up early, had breakfast and enjoyed their last hours in this forest. At noon, the group will check out, have lunch and return to Ho Chi Minh City, ending the journey. Some note : – You should bring light and light clothing for easy portability and quick drying – In your backpack, you always have mineral water, insect repellent and first aid supplies – You need to choose sports shoes that cover all your legs to avoid foreign objects and insect bites Do you have a trip this summer yet? Please share with us about the schedule, costs and beautiful pictures at: lifestyle@zing.vn The articles will be edited and published in the Zing Travel column.

Notably, Jess does not go to the store to hunt for concert tickets or wait to buy new exclusive clothing lines. She just wanted to find and buy stuffed animals Patty the Cow. Jess’s two sons with a collection of 461 Squishmallow stuffed animals. Photo: Jess Columbus. Finally, Jess was held in the arms of a soft pink and lavender cow, which she has been searching for for the past three years. Answering the question why she yearns for Patty the Cow so much, Jess said: “Because it’s cute. I like cows and pigs the most. ” After hundreds of moves to hunt from store to store, the 40-year-old woman bought or traded 461 Squishmallow stuffed animals. Each has its own name and the story attached to the inside of the mark. “Hobby exploded into something bigger than I imagined,” Jess admitted. The mother of two even built a group of more than 600 members living in the city of Pittsburgh (Pennsylvania) on a social network to exchange and find more missing items. Even with 461 Squishmallow at home, Jess still yearned for more stuffed animals called Simone the Shrimp. “I’m crazy looking at Walgreens right now,” she said. Many toy stores have a limit to one Squishmallow per customer. Photo: Haley Velasco / The Wall Street Journal. Endless passion Squishmallow is like the fancy toy kids collect for years. Many “hunters”, even though they are too young, say it is a process of finding and adding to the collection. “The Squishmallow collection reminded me a lot of Beanie Babies, Tamagotchis and Furbies’ hunts in the late 90s. Is there anything new in the store? ”Kayla Hill (31 years old), a user experience researcher in Auburn (Washington state), told Wall Street Journal. In addition to her main job, Kayla also helps run the official SquishmallowSquad group of 13,000 members of this stuffed animal maker. Sydni LaPlaga’s (23) Sydni LaPlaga’s hunt for Squishmallow took her from the Manahawkin neighborhood to the Seaside Coast in New Jersey. Here, the girl tried 75 animal grabs over many hours only to get 2 Squishmallow size 21 cm. “I love these hunts”, Kevin Jackson (23 years old), boyfriend of Sydni, shared. He also makes videos of Squishmallow hunts with his girlfriend. In the late 90s, the trend of collecting Beanie Babies teddy bear was popular in the country of flags. Photo: Getty Images. However, not all hunts are successful. During the holidays, Sarah Wicker (17 years old) often spends time searching for Carol the Christmas Tree stuffed animals around stores near her home in Urbandale (Iowa). After a few weeks with no results, she got discouraged and switched to buying online. From the city of Gilbert (Arizona), Sammy Kirchner (32 years old) and his best friend Nikki drove for more than 6 hours to “find” a stuffed animal named Tex the Taco in Anaheim (California). Even though the mission failed, they were happy to go on this amazing trip together. Sammy also shares this hobby with her husband Brett (31 years old) with two children, Lacey (10 years old) and Liam (7 years old). She said her family makes collecting stuffed animals a joint activity that the whole family can do together. At present, the family has amassed nearly 200 Squishmallow. “It’s like hunting for treasure,” Sammy said. Her whole family is still looking for Maggie the Stingray cotton collection despite hunting more than 30 different shops. Magic fever On TikTok, the hashtag #squishmallows has reached 1 billion views, while #squishmallowhunting is 231 million views. Sarah Wicker spends a lot of time and effort getting her Squishmallow stuffed animal from her crane engine. Photo: Sarah Wicker. In early April, Jazwares LLC’s Kellytoy, the maker of Squishmallows, said it had sold 82 million units since its introduction in 2017, in more than 1,000 different versions and sizes. . The price range for each stuffed animal is 2.99-59.99 USD. Some limited editions may be priced when resold on websites. The company also said that the number of orders for spring-summer 2021 tripled compared to the same period in 2020. For mother and daughter Diane Bowser (62) and Amanda Bowser (30), the owner of The Learning Express and The Teaching Room in Morristown (New Jersey), the Squishmallow stuffed toy brought the customer. come back here. Some of them are willing to drive for hours from New York or Pennsylvania to buy them. “Squishmallow has become a commodity we cannot keep in stock. Every time they were on the shelf, people immediately ran in to buy, ”Amanda said.

This is also known as the “island law”, which is an ecological geographic law in evolutionary biology. In general, among animals that migrate from land to island, large animals tend to be smaller, and small animals tend to get bigger – this is called giantism. Island gigantism. For example, an extinct species of giant hutias in the Western Indian Ocean Islands is the largest known rodent. Its weight can reach a staggering level (about 200 kg), equivalent to that of an American black bear. Another famous example is the Dodo bird on the island of Mauritius. Due to the fact that the island’s environment is devoid of predators, they have also grown to form large and flightless. In contrast to island giantism, a condition where body size becomes smaller after immigration to an island is called Insular dwarfism. The most typical example is the dwarf elephant found many times on islands around the world. Elephants have always been known to be the largest terrestrial stump, but some dwarf elephants can only reach the size of a pig. Those who have read Odyssey will be impressed by Cyclops. According to speculation, the Cyclops prototype was a dwarf elephant. 2000 years ago, the Greeks probably excavated the remains of a dwarf elephant on an island near the Mediterranean Sea. Its skull size was almost twice that of a human skull. Perhaps it was because they had never seen an elephant, so the Greeks imagined it as the skull of a one-eyed giant, and related rumors and myths were born from this. Animal species that also dwarfed the island environment also included species such as dwarf mammoths, small hippos and Florida island deer, all of which were one size smaller than their terrestrial counterpart. Among them, the most extreme dwarf island fauna is the mini chameleon (Brookesia micra) of Hara Island in northeastern Madagascar, Africa. It is the smallest chameleon known to mankind, the largest one measuring no more than 3 cm. It is worth noting that this dwarfism does not only occur in ordinary animals. Even we humans cannot escape the law of the island. The pop culture dwarves are not unfounded, the “hobbits” are real. Flores island in Indonesia has an area of ​​only 14,000 square kilometers, but on this small island there used to be a small group of people who used to live. They are also “cursed” by dwarfism and this affects their stature. According to estimates from nine known fossils, this ancient human was only 1 to 1.2 meters tall and weighed about 25 kg. As we all know, the average 6-year-old modern person’s average height is more than 1.1 meters tall. This inevitably reminds people of the hobbits in “The Lord of the Rings”, so the ancient people on Flores were also known as “hobbits”. From a taxonomic point of view, the Flores belong to the same genus as us. Hence, they are also the smallest known human species. The ancestor of the Flores was Homo erectus. About 200,000 years ago or earlier, they moved on to Flores Island. Compared to the mainland, the island’s resources were very limited and the Homo erectus people were often hungry due to lack of food. If the people are short, there is a better chance of survival because they need to eat less. As a result, the dwarf gene is passed from generation to generation, and eventually develops into Floresians. Biological evolution has shown more than once that some strange things will happen on the islands. And from the changes in body shape of the other animals on Flores Island, you can feel the power of the law of the island. At that time, on the island there was a species of elephant named Stegodon florensis, only 1.5m high and weighing no more than 800kg. Their land-based compatriot is the elephant Stegodon zdanskyi. They are stronger and more powerful than modern African elephants, this species is about 3.8 meters tall and weighs 12 tons. But not all of the animals on this island have been reduced to the same size as the Flores and the Stegodon florensis, in fact, the small terrestrial animals that migrate here will achieve a Giant size beyond imagination. The most typical example is the Flores Giant Rat, since without natural predators, they are not even afraid of humans. Of course, this giant rat does not threaten the survival of the Flores Island biological population. Except for some insects, the giant rat Flores is mostly vegetarian. It can be said that biological evolution on the islands took place in a very strange way. Therefore, scientists always think of the first word “island” when discovering creatures with anomalous body shape. So what is the factor that causes the animals on the island to change their body shape? For many years, scientists have always wanted to summarize the general nature of the rules on the island, and try to solve that mystery. The first person to try to explain this phenomenon was a biologist named J. Bristol Foster. Therefore, this ecological geophysical law is also known as “Ford’s Law”. In 1964, his dissertation compared 116 island species with terrestrial species and plotted them in a table. In an article titled “Mammal Evolution on Islands,” Foster said that among the new “inhabitants” of the island, rodents tend to grow larger. Predators and ungulates will tend to be dwarfed. In general, large terrestrial species will be smaller and smaller land species larger on islands. In this regard, Foster also provided some tentative explanations. The number of species on the islands is much less than on the mainland, and the number of predators and competitors will decrease accordingly. This seems to be an advantage for small rodents. Because they do not have a predator, they always have a sufficient source of food and can control their fertility rate well. But hippos, deer and other large animals cannot do this. A lack of predators would also mean an overabundance and a shortage of food. Consequently, the smaller members of the population will have a higher survival rate and begin to affect the entire population. They grow from generation to generation and their sizes are getting smaller and smaller. Foster’s paper is simple, but at the time it aroused strong interest in the scientific community. Thereafter, more extensive research was conducted on the island’s organisms, and the island law was a little more refined. In fact, large organisms have more food choices and more easily control other species. Small organisms, on the other hand, require fewer resources, shorter reproductive cycles, and adapt faster. Therefore, in the island ecological environment, where every aspect is limited, these factors are very important and have special effects. Subsequent studies also found that the speed at which the island’s animals change body shape was indeed staggering. 24 km from the French coast, there is an island named Jersey. About 6000 years ago, the deer came here and completely isolated from the mainland. As a result, in this short time of thousands of years, the red deer on the island has shrunk by 1/6 of that of the people on the mainland. Fossil records show that it only took 5,000 years to dwarf a population of elephants from 4 meters in height to about 1 meter. However, it should be noted that the island laws are only a general model of evolution, not absolute law. The environment on an island includes many different factors, such as the size of the island, climate, natural history, habitat, biological relationships, etc.These factors will also affect the size of the island. animals on the island to a certain extent.

A primitive drawing on Pa Tém mountain with 4 people holding hands (big circle) and 1 dog behind (small circle). The mystery of high frescoes Mural – a term used to refer to drawings on erect cliffs. In Vietnam, archaeologists have discovered many prehistoric frescoes on the cliffs in Lang Son province, Cuc Phuong National Park area of ​​Ninh Binh province … In the highland district Quan Hoa, in addition to the drawings on Mount Pa Ti on the bank of the Ma River near Hoi Xuan town, recently discovered some more drawings on the Pa Phùng range in Phu Nghiem commune. Together with two researchers on history – folklore Ha Nam Ninh in Ba Thuoc district and Pham Van Cuong in Quan Hoa district, we arrived at the foot of Pa Phien mountain. Right along the inter-communal road leading up to Vinh Quang Ho tourist area of ​​Phu Nghiem commune, the mountain with another name translated from Thai into Kinh language is “Nui Ong” with a high cliff of hundreds of meters. Because we were entangled in the luxuriant wood canopy that obscured the view of the paintwork, we had to move to the luong forest of the people quite far away. From a distance of hundreds of meters, but using the zoom camera lens close, still clearly recognized the red paint on the high, located about 50m from the ground. Although not really sharp in terms of art, but with the naked eye, we can also recognize that this is a picture of 2 people holding hands, one big and one smaller. The size of each “person” is about the size of adult gloves, the head is simply a round shape, without eyes – nose – mouth, and hands and feet are clear, but do not draw in detail each finger, toes. About 500 meters away from the way the birds fly, a “prehistoric picture” with richer drawings has been seen by local people for many generations on the Pa Ter mountain range in Cham village, Xuan Phu commune (old). It has now been merged into Phu Nghiem commune. In Thai, Pa Tém means “Nui Ve”, or mountain with drawings. The name of the mountain range since ancient times no one knows, perhaps also comes from these red frescoes. Standing on the right bank of the Ma River, pictures on the cliffs can be seen right on the left bank of the river about a few hundred meters away. Although being blurred by the natural factors over many generations, it is not difficult to recognize 4 figures of people in the state of walking quite quickly, the tallest figure of the second person is about 40cm, the remaining 3 people. 30cm high. Approximately 1 meter away is a picture of a red animal quite clearly, with long legs equivalent to the body. There is also a red line between the people and the animal, but is blurred, and it is difficult to recognize the specific shape. The position of the lines is also about 10m from the edge of the river, on a smooth cliff, it is difficult for anyone to get up. According to Pham Quang That, 71-year-old Thai ethnic group, former Chairman of the Veterans Association of Quan Hoa district, who was born and raised in the Cham village – right next to the Pa Tém mountain range since childhood: We grew up and saw the features This drawing already. My grandfather said, from previous lives, he said he grew up seeing these red pictures. When we were a child, we were breeding buffaloes on the banks of the Ma River. During the dry season, we still swam to the other side, competing with each other to throw stones and pebbles to see who threw the closest high to the painting. Many locals also told us that, when it rains, the wet the cliffs become, the clearer and redder the lines are. The problem is, on a steep cliff, about 50m high, how can the ancients come up to draw? Are the drawings from prehistoric times, when the cliffs were still low, after geological changes or earthquakes and then emerged as high as today? What kind of message do the owners of the paintings belong to, what message do they leave to the next generation? What is the red material depicting with something that still does not fade for hundreds, even thousands of years? And many other questions are still unresolved mysteries that need to be studied and explained on the scientific basis. Some scientific explanations According to researchers, the more primitive the brush strokes, the more ancient the ability of the owner of the strokes in time to us. “Regarding the history of the Muong Ca Da land – where there are the above-mentioned murals, although this is now the area where Thai people live, in ancient times, the whole area includes districts of Ba Thuoc, Quan Hoa, Quan Son .. is living by the Xa people (one branch is the Kho Mu people today). Together with the delegation of Associate Professor, Dr. Nguyen Lan Cuong – a leading expert in archeology and archeology in Vietnam, I discovered Ma Xa cave not far from this Pa Tém mountain, and discovered the corporal remains according to custom. Xa people about 16,000 years ago. Many other caves have been discovered on the cliffs in Quan Hoa, Quan Son and Ba Thuoc districts also quite a lot, with the remains buried in the Xa style. Thus, in addition to the assessment that the drawings are of the Thai people, it is not excluded that the above mysterious “pictures” are of the Xa people who used to live here “- shared researcher Ha Nam Ninh. Mr. Cao Bang Nghia, a researcher of Thai culture in Quan Hoa district also wondered: “The name of Pa Ti mountain, which means“ Nui Ve ”, has existed since ancient times, the red paintings we have been approaching for decades. before. The drawing on Pa Phùng mountain was only recently known because bushes were growing around, and lying on high. There are still many mysteries that have not been decoded, cannot confirm when the drawing dates back, possibly thousands or even thousands of years ago. Observed with the naked eye, we perceive that this is a drawing made of red material, not the stone carving station. So what is the drawing with that substance that will not fade? In fact, the cliffs with this drawing are all oriented to the west and southwest, so the intensity of sunlight in the afternoon is very great, not to mention rain, wind, weathered rocks … Not long ago , when we showed the photo to cultural researcher Hoang Tuan Pho, he considered that the drawing material could be “earth king”. This is a red, iron-rich soil that was often mixed with some minerals and resin to paint in the ancients. It can penetrate deep into the grain, last a long time. Through research, in China, Indonesia and some Southeast Asian countries, scientists have also discovered many prehistoric murals on cliffs quite similar to those in Quan Hoa district. If so, what message did the ancients leave? According to researcher Ha Nam Ninh’s speculation, based on the drawing of two people holding hands on Pa Phep mountain, it is possible that the ancients expressed the desire to love couples, maybe this is the group kissing period. moving to the progressive stage, marking the breakup of the cave habitats, the activities of maintaining the outdated pair of kissing pants ?. Another comment is that, after seeing the photos we took, researcher Hoang Tuan Pho said that the picture of 4 people and an animal on Pa Tém mountain could reflect an old hunt. All of the above explanations are only conjecture and deductive. If there are petrographic research, analysis, materials and drawing dating and the participation of leading scientists, it is possible to decipher many unexplored mysteries. The legend of Pa Tém mountain painting In the process of finding a solution to the mysterious mural, we also collected folk tales related to the painting on Pa Tém mountain. This is a story in Thai language, about the story of 4 people and beasts on a cliff, passed by word of mouth in the form of folk literature, so no one knows since when. Researcher Cao Bang Nghia is a local Thai ethnic minority, so he previously collected, recorded and could read every sentence. The content of the legend is translated as follows: In the olden days, in the area of ​​Muong Moc and Muong Sang (in Son La province), there was a man who created the muong as Chu Sang. He married A Giam in the Trung Son (Quan Hoa) region today, after giving birth a girl with a beauty of diving fish, inclined to tilt the water. Due to the bad time, Chu Sang fell in love with his daughter and wanted to marry him. People in Muong objected to boycott and not allow them to live. Chu Sang built a raft, with his daughter – also a wife, a servant and a dog, who went to the river to live in. Heaven saw that Chu Sang’s work was unlawful, so he punished the flood to wash the raft. The raft continued to go down the Ma River, to the Mo Tom area of ​​the Cham village, Phu Nghiem commune, the river changed river so the raft drifted into the cliffs of the Pa Tém range. This is the king of the Dragon King, so a voice can be heard from the cliff: If you and your family want to live, give up that bad idea, otherwise I will sink the raft immediately !. Mr. Chu Sang hurriedly took gold, silver, and jewels to throw in the river for Dragon King and asked for his life but still did not want to change his mind. The Dragon King refused to release Mr. Chu Sang and caused the swirling water to gradually sink the raft, the daughter, the servant and the dog were submerged in the Ma River. Regretting his actions to cause disaster, before the raft drowned, Mr. Chu Sang asked Long Vuong to be painted on the cliff of animals and family members to pass on to the next generation. After finishing the painting, the raft and the Chu Sang muong were also pressed deeply into the water stream. The verses of this passage are memorized by many locals: Frankly shabby / Frustrated shabby / Shagged shaggy howl. Translated into: Line one drawing a picture of her / Line two drawing pictures / Drawing pictures of the midwife and maids / Drawing a dog with closed ears, a big mouth, and standing ears. The pictures on the cliffs are completely consistent with the content of hundreds of lines long poetry still circulating locally. According to that content, the second highest person is a muong, the smaller one is probably a girl and the other 2 people behind are servants. The animal not far away was the dog that was carrying. However, both researchers Ha Nam Ninh and Cao Bang Nghia expressed the viewpoint: This is just a legend story, possibly after a long time of frescoes, which were composed by folk to explain the drawings. available that they observe every day.

The lizard has the ability to run on the super ‘top’ water The Central American lizard spends most of its time in trees or shrubs watching small insects or vertebrates pass close enough to grab it. But when it is threatened, it can plunge into the water and escape. The reason is that lizards have the ability to walk on water thanks to their skillful “rowing” rear legs with the support of a long tail. This talent for walking on water like doing a circus earned it the nickname “the lizard of Jesus.” Not only that, it is also capable of running on water at speeds of more than 11km / h and diving under water for 30 minutes. Hound’s sense of smell Under the sleeping hound’s sleepy eyes was his super sharp nose. This nose is 1 million times more audible than a human nose. That is why the police used to hunt for missing people or fugitives. A hound’s nose has more than 200 million olfactory cells, so it can store the odor and follow it for days despite the presence of other odors on its way to its target. Thanks to this super-sensitive sense of smell, the hounds become famous “experts” in solving cases in the world. The eagle’s eyesight All birds of prey have sharp eyes. And this is a powerful “weapon” to find food. But eagles have special eyesight above all else. According to calculations by scientists, eagles can see target details at least 8 times better than the most pure human eye. This is due to the fact that the sunshade in each eye blocks sunlight and has a high concentration of cone cells in the vision. As a result, it positioned its prey with incredible accuracy. The eagle can see a hare several kilometers away. That is why they are symbols of sharp eyesight. Find your way in the moonlight of the beetle Scientists have observed that beetles routinely move the dung ball that is many times larger than its body by “planting a banana tree” and using its hind legs to push the ball away. But further research they discovered that this insect also possesses a talent that has never been known in the animal kingdom: navigating paths by moonlight. It can move in a straight line despite obstacles they may encounter along the way. The beetle’s competition for food (other animal droppings) is fierce, so as soon as a colony forms a dung ball, it tries to hide this dung ball to do ” dry wages ”later. The fastest way to escape from another stumbler is the straight path. The miracle is that this species can trace a straight path just thanks to the moonlight. It seems that the insect relied on a pattern created when moonlight interacts with molecules in the air (polarization) to move in a straight line. On days without moonlight, beetles tend to change directions, take a detour to keep them safe and have less trouble. The lion dance Thanks to its incredible power and speed, the leopard leopard is one of the most terrible predators on the planet. But the lion’s leopard high jump and long jump skills are admirable. His muscular hind legs and large claws are designed for a powerful jump. The lion leopard can jump up to 15 meters (50 feet) away and jump up to 6.6 meters, which is quite a big difference compared to humans. It is the advantage of this long jump and high jump skill that makes it easy to catch up with prey even after a long distance. Navigating with the sound of the bat Bats are animals that possess many unique things and have very interesting adaptations. Many species of bats often turn upside down to sleep and live on the blood of other animals. They are also the only flying mammals. But the most impressive feature of the bat is its ability to hunt with echolocation. Accordingly, the bats send high-frequency clicks as they fly, then they hear the oscillation from the echoes bounce back and that indicates the prey position is not far away. With this system, they can catch and eat about 1000 insects per night. The ability of sharks to receive electricity Sharks are one of the most successfully evolved animals on earth. Thanks to the diversity of adaptations, sharks have many advantages in the wild. One of these adaptations is the ability to receive electromagnetic waves, making the electrical impulses in the shark’s body extremely sharp. As the prey swims, this movement sends tiny electromagnetic signals through the water. Sharks receive these signals as the water travels through the jelly-filled pores of the head. Connected to the internal compost, signal reception allows the sharks to find prey quickly and they can kill the prey with great precision even in cloudy water. This hearing organ also makes it possible for sharks to detect the smell of prey blood, even a drop, from miles away. Swimming speed of squid and octopus Squid and octopus are the fastest invertebrates in the ocean. This is in part due to the body’s extraordinary ability to use jet boosts. When water flows into their outer cavity, it is held under pressure and the mouth closes. As the muscles of the wall contract and press, pressurize the full water back through the cartridge and allow it to run at a speed of 40 km / h. These cephalopods can also control the direction and speed of movement, allowing them to escape from a threat or to quickly advance to prey they want. The magic wings of hummingbirds Not only are the hummingbirds one of the most beautiful birds on earth, hummingbirds are also the most impressive flying birds. The joints between the upper and lower wings are located very close to the body so they are agile and have a surprisingly leveraging effect in the air. Hummingbirds flap their wings at a frightening speed-80 times per second. They are also the only birds capable of flying forwards, backwards, upwards and downwards. Hummingbirds can float in the air, which makes it easier for them to absorb nectar while in flight. The running speed of the leopard At a speed of 110 km / h, the leopard is the fastest running animal on the planet. This is thanks to the long limbs, small head, and slim body, the spines will curl and stretch with each stride, helping to push the body forward faster. Thanks to this movement that it has increased speed more than 30 km / h. But the surprising thing is that this species can not speed fast for more than 10-15 seconds, longer it will cause their body to overheat. This is also understandable because leopards mainly live in deserts and steppes where there is very little chance of hiding in the shade.

Turantula spider The turantula spider is one of the most terrifying animals on the planet, not only the giant spider, but also a predator so stealthily and so skillful that no tiny animal is hovering in its sights. chance of survival. Turantula’s hunting trick is patience. They waited for the unfortunate passerby and grabbed it without warning. Because of their size, which can be up to 12cm long with a stride of more than 70cm, Turantulas can quickly crush prey and crush them under giant pincers. Eventually they bathed the victim’s body in digestive juices and sipped this “delicious” liquid. 9. Mamba Snake Africa’s scariest animal must be the black Mamba, this giant poisonous snake that is present throughout the Southeast of the continent. Its name comes from the black skin inside the mouth, which is only exposed before it attacks. These snakes are usually passive but can be extremely aggressive when threatened. They tend to attack the victim repeatedly, secreting a mixture of neurotoxins and cardiotoxin. The probability of dying after the bite of a black Mamba snake is… 100%. However, this number has decreased thanks to the use of antidotes across the continent. 8. Fish Piranha Out of all the fish, the Piranha is possibly the most notorious. Seeing sharp teeth and strong jaw is enough to cause chills. Piranha is known as a fierce predator, living throughout the fresh water of South America. They feed in the early morning or twilight, hide in the water and wait for their little prey to pass. Then, without warning, they attack and devour their prey with unrivaled ferocity in the freshwater community. In some cases, they will hunt in groups for larger prey, including horses, rodents and even humans. 7. Gray wolf Most of the world’s top predators are completely alone, mainly relying on their courage to take down their prey. But with gray wolves, the success of the hunt depends on the cooperation of his fellow men. The characteristic attack of wolves is the chasing of many animals in the herd, causing prey to flee. A single prey is not only easy to defeat, but also safer than a prey in a resisting position. The dominant male will lead the hunt while its females follow closely behind. Once the prey falls to the ground, the flock will surround it and finish it off. 6. Komodo Dragon The largest of all the varanids, the Komodo dragon is a powerful reptile with a weight of up to about 136kg and a length of more than 3m. This animal ranked sixth in danger due to the speed, strength and stamina to knock down its prey twice its size. It also had a poisonous blow, and any survivors of the Komodo dragon’s attack would soon die from their wounds. Komodo hunts mostly in ambush, but they also run fast and swim well. Moreover, its incredible hunting ability is also combined with the ability to consume, in one meal it can eat the amount of food equal to half its body weight. 5. Crocodile There is nothing more threatening than a predator always hiding in the water, in disguise and in the environment, quietly observing the prey to plan a kill. Ranked No. 5 on the countdown list is a crocodile, a sneaky and extremely brutal predator. With extremely strong jaws and long sharp teeth, alligators hunt for many different species. Some species, like the Nile crocodile, can cut down very large prey like zebras or buffalo. Its offensive feature is to lie at the edge of the water where the animal comes to drink and then pull the unfortunate animal into the water to begin to bite when it has slices of meat for a meal. 4. Whale killer Like its name suggests, killer whales are deadly predators, combined with formidable skill and unparalleled physical strength. Killer whales have a number of ingenious techniques in their hunting weapons, which give them one of the most diverse rations of ocean predators. For example, they love to knock seals and penguins from floating ice and then catch them when they fall into the water. They also go to the beach to catch the sea bridge on the shore. Being a highly social animal, killer whales tend to live in groups of about ten to hunt together. They can even hunt white sharks! 3. American North American Bear The North American Bear, also known as the brown bear, is probably the most terrifying animal in North America. This mighty predator can stand about 2m tall and weigh more than 360kg. Its strong arms and hands can kill a person in just one click, and its strong jaws also allow it to eat everything it wants, including large mammals. Bears run fast and swim well. Facing this species in the wild would be a traumatic experience, the best response is to stand still and not run away at all. The speed of this species can reach more than 65km / h and your run can make it chase. 2. Lions Dubbed the lord of the rainforest, lions hunt even the largest prey like buffalo and wildebeest. The near-absolute success of these predators is due to a combination of skills. Lions live in groups and all members go hunting together. The young lions soon learned hunting skills through a game of fighting together, which also decided their proper role in the chase. The success rate of a lion’s hunt is only 1/5 but the hunting abilities are emphasized when we consider their prey – both large and resilient. . 1. White Shark Any animal that has unfortunately caught the white shark’s sights does not seem to have a chance of survival. The white shark occupies the top spot on the countdown list because of its outstanding hunting ability. With its elongated bodies and strong teeth, the white shark is a powerful species: swim fast and this nimble ocean athlete can bounce out of the water to tip his prey. The white shark also has several rows of sharp jagged edges, each of which is replaced immediately after being lost. In fact, a shark can have more than 50,000 teeth in its lifetime. The white shark usually starts its attack with a fatal blow, then waits for the victim to weaken from the wound before enjoying it – this makes it possible to enjoy the meal safely.

Immediately after receiving information about the case, the People’s Committee of Hai Phong city drastically instructed the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, and relevant agencies and localities to step in. , inspect, review and mobilize owners to hand over bears to the State; strictly deal with the law if the bear owner intentionally violates it. Therefore, on April 28, the bear was transferred by the owner to a Bear Conservation Facility in Ninh Binh. Hai Phong is one of many localities across the country that are making efforts to completely end bear farming in the city. Previously, from the beginning of 2021, the City People’s Committee issued a general instruction document to relevant departments, agencies, agencies, and units, requesting the agencies to increase the mobilization of households to keep. bears in the locality voluntarily transferred bears to the State. Ms. Nguyen Phuong Dung, Deputy Director of Nature Education Center, said: “The Center for Nature Education welcomes the high determination and efforts of the city government of Hai Phong to completely end captivity. bear bile. The fast and decisive handling of the Hai Phong city government for bear-related violations will help the city soon end the situation of keeping bears in the area ”. By the end of March 2021, there were about 370 bears left in the confines of illegal bile. Hanoi city alone is currently the hottest spot for illegally confining bears with 161 bears (as of April 28). According to the Center for Nature Education, currently both bear species of Vietnam, the horse bear (Ursus thibetanus) and the bear dog (Helarctos malayanus) are listed in the List of endangered, precious and rare species prioritized for protection. issued together with Decree 160/2013 / ND-CP (amended by Decree 64/2019 / ND-CP) as well as listed in Group IB, endangered, precious and rare forest animals. List issued together with Decree 06/2019 / ND-CP. Bears of illegal origin (from before 2005) are only allowed to be kept in captivity if “there is a management record and electronic chips attached”. The act of “raising bears without management records and attaching electronic chips” is a prohibited act in accordance with the law. According to Article 244 of the 2015 Penal Code (amended and supplemented 2017), people who illegally raise, lock or transport horses (depending on the quantity) can be criminally prosecuted with penalty up to 15 years in prison. “The Center for Nature Education calls on the authorities of the provinces and cities to follow the example of Hai Phong city and drastically instructs the City Forest Protection Department and the district authorities to resolutely fight related violations. to come to bears in order to soon completely end the keeping of bears for bile in the provinces and cities. The registration and attachment of chips for illegal bears to confine bile not only violates the current regulations of the Government, but also makes the situation of keeping bears in Hanoi city even worse. complicated and cannot be completely terminated like many other provinces and cities across the country ”, emphasized Ms. Dung. “The transfer of bears in Hai Phong is an encouraging highlight, marking a step forward in the effort to end bear captive farming in Vietnam. Bear bile farming is not only cruel and hurting to bears. but also affects the image of Vietnam, “said Ms. Maya Pastakia, Campaign Director of the World Animal Protection Organization.

The extinct prehistoric mammoth was believed to be prehistoric human prey. A controversial new study found that the first humans were large predators who took down prey with skilled hunting skills. In a new research paper, the scientists argue that humans and close relatives have been adept hunters from a very early age, starting at least 2 million years ago. Miki Ben-Dor and Ran Barkai, researchers at Tel Aviv University in Israel, and Raphael Sirtoli, a PhD student at Minho University in Portugal. “Until now, efforts to recreate the Stone Age human diet have been based mainly on comparison with 20th century hunter-gatherer societies,” says Ben-Dor. Of course, this comparison is lame, because 2 million years ago, hunter-gatherer societies could hunt and consume elephants and other large animals, while hunter-gatherers today. It can’t be like that. The whole ecosystem has changed, and the conditions cannot be compared. ” Scary evidence Fossil evidence from earliest human ancestors is scarce. But based on archaeological evidence, Ben-Dor said, it was clear that Homo sapiens and their close relatives ate anything that was edible. But how much of their diet consists of plants versus animals is the bottom line. Many animals that are considered omnivores actually have the diet in one way or another. Chimpanzees, for example, are technically omnivores, but meat makes up only about 6% of their diet. Dogs and wolves are predominantly carnivorous but sometimes also nibble on grain, leading to a debate over whether they should be classified as omnivores or predators. According to Ben-Dor, ancient humans Homo habilis ate meat at least 2.6 million years ago. Another primitive human species, Homo erectus, appeared to be an avid carnivore 1.8 million years ago; Their teeth and intestines shrank compared to their previous ancestors, adapted to digest meat instead of plants, and it used stone tools capable of grinding meat. Ben-Dor and Barkai argue in their paper, published in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology, that meat is not just a reward for these humans and the early Homo sapiens. Instead, the authors believe, large animals weighing more than 1,000 kg, such as elephants, hippos and rhinos … make up the bulk of the human diet. The elephants 500,000 years ago could weigh 12 tons, compared with 4 to 6 tons today. Eat a lot of meat, human brain evolution? According to the researchers, these animals can eat fatty meat, which is very suitable to feed the energy-hungry human brain. The authors argued in another recent article that hunting large prey could be the driving force behind human brain evolution. However, the idea is controversial, and researchers disagree on how huge amounts of meat would be useful to hunter-gatherers in the days before refrigeration, as well as about ancient humans skilled in taking down prey that other predators like lions, struggled to defeat. “There are some archaeologists who say, they hunted elephants once, but it’s like a once in a lifetime hunt; that’s what grandparents often tell their children,” John said. “There are people who say that elephant meat can last a long time without preserving, but it’s part of their routine,” said Hawks, a paleontologist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. important to them. ‘” Ben-Dor and his colleagues wrote in their article that eating large, fatty animals would be a benefit to humankind at the earliest, because losing so many calories on a hunting trip – instead of repeatedly trying to stalk smaller prey. Humans exhibit this high-fat adaptation, researchers say. Archeologically speaking, it was difficult to classify humans and their relatives as carnivores before about 50,000 years ago. That’s because the only reliable biochemical way to distinguish an animal as the top predator or lower in the food chain is a method known as stable nitrogen isotope analysis, requires collagen testing for molecules that are taken orally into the body. Despite the limited evidence of humankind’s early evolution, the researchers say, much remains to be done to prove whether the human ancestor was indeed carnivores. This could include more research on the abundance of animals of different sizes during the Pleistocene, exploring genetic changes over time that could alter the digestibility of species. Different human feeds and comparison of prey size trends over time.

Bright Side brings together 10 rare creatures that are on the brink of extinction. Global mountain gorilla Currently the mountain gorilla has increased to about 1,063. They can only be found in protected forests. This is evidence that conservation efforts can bring a species back on the brink of extinction. However, illegal human hunting remains a major threat to the fauna of Bwindi-Sarambwe. Sao la The saola species was discovered in the Annamite forests of Vietnam. The main threat to saola is hunting activities and environmental climate impacts. That is why many conservation organizations have collaborated to create a safe environment for them in nature. Animal with dunnart bag This tiny creature can only be found on Australia’s Kangaroo Island, with an estimated population of less than 500. The widespread cleaning of the vegetation by humans has put the dunnart in a very dangerous situation. In addition, wildfires in Australia in 2019 and 2020 have burned 95% of the species. That is why a closed sanctuary was created to keep dunnart and other endangered species safe. Iberian lynx This rare species can only be found in the jungles of southwest Spain. From 1985 to 2001, their population decreased by 87%; So far, there are about 400 lynx in the wild. Their natural habitat continues to be destroyed by new highways and cut down trees. Black-footed ferret While people thought they were extinct, tiny creatures have proven to still exist. However, their population is rapidly declining due to disease and the loss of their natural habitat. Their total population is estimated at around 370 in the wild. Massive restoration efforts by many federal agencies and zoos have provided space for the weasels to survive. Gharial crocodile In 2010, only 15 crocodiles were found in the Gandak River in Bihar. That’s why in 2014, a conservation initiative freed 30 crocodiles from captivity and returned them to the river, and their population began to increase. Kakapo For the first time in 70 years, the kakapo population is increasing with about 213 species of birds existing. Only during the 2018-2019 breeding season, 71 young survived, which is a record number for this species. The recovery team tries to make sure the birds stay healthy and protected from infection. Their next goal is to find a good habitat for the birds as disease is their main threat. Canadian harbor seals Found in Quebec, this is the only species of its kind that can only survive in fresh water thanks to fish. To date, only more than 100 live in the area. The cause can be attributed to human hunting. Also, in many cases, seals get trapped in their gears and cannot free themselves. Leopard Amur This leopard has found a way to survive in the jungle in the Russian Far East. They live up to 15 years in the wild and more than 20 years in captivity. They have an amazing ability to run very fast and jump high. However, the loss of habitat and human activity has reduced their number to about 84 individuals. Vaquita dolphin This very rare marine mammal was discovered only in 1958. However, in recent years, vaquitas dolphins have been victims of illegal fishing activities. They are often trapped in fishing nets. That is why their population is only about 10 in the Gulf of Mexico. They can be found in shallow water but will quickly swim away if a boat approaches them.

Alabama: The square dance. Many states in the US consider it to be an official traditional dance. By order of the Governor of Alabama in 2018, there is one week in August called “Square Dance Week”. Alaska: The Bowhead Whale. The Bowhead whale was declared a symbol of Alaska’s marine mammal in 1983. Arizona: Lemon juice. In 2019, lemon juice became the official beverage icon of the state of Arizona. Arkansas: Tomatoes. While there’s always a debate over whether a tomato is a fruit or a vegetable, in Arkansas, it’s both. California: Denim fabrics. According to the California Library, denim has been part of state history since the “California Gold Rush,” when it was used to make clothes for working San Francisco residents. Colorado: Pet refuge. Colorado and several other states in the US have become home to many abandoned pets. Connecticut: Submarine USS Nautilus. Built in Connecticut, the USS Nautilus is the world’s first nuclear-powered submarine, launched in 1954. Delaware: The Kalmar Nyckel. The Kalmar Nyckel was built in Sweden, but is famous for carrying settlers to North America in 1638 to establish New Sweden. Florida: Sea Cow. The sea cow became the symbol of Florida’s marine mammal in 1975. Georgia: Vidalia Onion. Vidalia onions are named after a town in Georgia where they were first grown. Hawaii: Surfing. With the advantage of beautiful weather, Hawaii is home to outdoor sports such as surfing or canoeing. Idaho: Blueberries. Idaho is famous for its variety of vegetables, but this state’s iconic fruit is the blueberry. Illinois: Popcorn. Joliet city elementary school students petitioned popcorn as the state’s official snack in 2003, and this was successful. Indiana: Wabash River. This river is more than 800km long, flows through many states and eventually empty into the Ohio River. Kansas: The Chambourcin grape. In 2019, the state of Kansas declared Chambourcin their official red wine grape and Vignoles as the official white wine grape. Kentucky: Chevrolet Corvette. Chevrolet Corvette has been produced in Bowling Green city since the 1980s, becoming the official sports car of the state. Louisiana: Catahoula leopard. The Catahoula leopard was a cross between a dog raised by an Indian from the Lake Catahoula area and a Spanish dog that arrived in Louisiana in the 1500s. Maine: Whoopie. This delicious cake has been made in Maine since the 1920s, and consists of two chocolate cakes with white cream filling in the middle. Maryland: Smith Island Ice Cream. This cake has very thin layers of cake and filling. This is considered a specialty of Smith Island residents. Michigan: Petoskey Stone. These patterned stones are the remains of fossilized coral. Michigan recognized it as the state’s official stone in 1965. Minnesota: Blueberry muffin. This cake became a symbol of the state of Minnesota in 1988. Mississippi: Teddy bear. Teddy bears have been with the state of Mississippi since the time of President Theodore Roosevelt, who hunted bears and refused to shoot a trapped bear. Teddy bears became the official toy of Mississippi in 2002. Missouri: Ice cream cone. 1904 World Fair in St. Petersburg Louis is the birthplace of this sweet dish. Ice cream cone became the official dessert of the state of Missouri in 2008. Montana: Grizzly Bear. Grizzly, also known as the North American grizzly bear, became an animal of Montana in 1982./.

Dolphins evolved from a species of terrestrial animal Dolphins evolved from a species of terrestrial animal Dolphins are mammals, closely related to whales, often living in shallow seas on the continental shelf. Dolphins have the ability to understand simple human behavioral language. With their inherent magical abilities, dolphins can understand and organize common objects into a group together. They understand both sounds and images, and even reflect images that are no different from people. Explaining this, scientists have confirmed that dolphins are the most intelligent animals in the world (while humans are only third in intelligence). Millions of years ago, the ancestors of dolphins did not swim underwater as we know them today, but were a predator that lived entirely on land. However, about 50 million years ago, a mysterious event happened that forced them to adapt to the aquatic environment, and gradually evolved into a species of mammal today. Although considered an extremely friendly animal, dolphins also have creepy behaviors, typically juggling young animals out of the sea. It sounds like a very interesting joke, but in fact, it is one of the ways the adult male is killing the young so that their mother can return to mating. Dolphins may not sleep for many weeks A recently published study has shown a surprising ability of dolphins: Can stay awake for days or weeks continuously without sleep. So how can they survive without sleep? Dolphins have a very special sleep mechanism, they can give half of their brain a rest at a certain time when the other half is awake – a process called “Unihemispheric sleep”. This special sleep mechanism not only prevents dolphins from drowning, but also allows them to stay alert to any danger and even encourage brain development. Most dolphins do not chew their food Dolphins do not chew food, or rather they cannot. A dolphin’s teeth are developed for the purpose of gripping prey. Sometimes they will shake or rub food on the ocean floor to tear them into small pieces to make them easier to swallow. One theory is that dolphins’ prey is mainly small fish, and they need to quickly grab prey in their mouth before their meal can swim away. Skip the chewing process to make sure the prey doesn’t escape. Dolphins call each other by their own names, forming friendships through common interests Researchers from the Universities of Bristol, Zurich and Western Australia have found that dolphins living in the Shark Bay area form friendships based on shared interest – in this case, a habit of using foam. sea ​​for prey. This tool-use trait is found mainly in female dolphins, but by studying the behavior of a few male dolphins that exhibit expression, the researchers have found a new discovery: Dolphin’s are formed through general tooling techniques. Dolphins have a given name and they will respond when called. Dolphins in each population possess their own “signature whistling”, as a name and other dolphins can use that particular whistle to get their partner’s attention. In fact, dolphins are also an extremely social species. This finding opens up entirely new questions about dolphins’ communication levels and “vocabulary”, and may reveal clues about our own evolution of language skills. Dolphins use their prey toxins as “addictive substances”. We know that puffer fish are highly toxic. Obviously dolphins know this too, but they use it for “high”. Usually, the puffer fish toxin is lethal. However, in small doses, it can act as an addictive substance. The BBC has recorded a video in which dolphins gently play with a puffer fish for 20 to 30 minutes, then hang around without leaving and behave “strange”. Dolphins possess great “teamwork” ability A team of researchers from the University of Bristol recently discovered that male dolphins can work and work together as a team – an attribute previously thought to be unique to humans. Observing the behavior of male dolphins when they were coordinating flirting with female pigs, the researchers found cooperation rather than competitive behavior, which is especially unusual in finding a mate in the animal kingdom.

Xiamen Lingling International Circus City is located on Xingjin Road, Jimei New City. It covers an area of ​​350 acres and has a total investment of 1.8 billion yuan. It is based on the theme of circus, integrating international circus performances, animal display and interaction, and animal circus parent-child theme hotels. It integrates tourism. A one-stop large-scale tourist resort for sightseeing, recreation, culture and education. It is mainly composed of five parts: Lingling International Circus Theater, Lingling Animal Kingdom, Lingling Hotel, Smart Youth Taiwan Pioneer Park and Research and Study Travel Camp Center. You can spend a day in the park and stay in the hotel for one night, so it can be said to be suitable for all kinds of people. The more user-friendly one is that you can buy tickets for the Animal Kingdom separately, or you can buy a package that includes a circus show. If you want a better place to watch, you can also choose a VIP seat. Generally, there are two circus performances every day, at 14:30 and 19:30, each takes about 70 minutes. The specific timetable is subject to the announcement of the scenic spot. In 2014, Lingling International Circus Theater was certified as the “Guinness World Circus Theater”, which can accommodate 10,000 spectators to watch circus performances at the same time, with the largest capacity in the world. Lingling International Circus Grand Theater brings together gold award circus programs from all over the world: “Trapeze”, “Wind Rider”, “Fantasy Magic”, “Silver in the Sky”, “Wheel of Life and Death” and other gold award circus programs. The current show is based on the theme of “Mulan”, which is the masterpiece of Xiamen Lingling International Circus City, the first new attempt to combine traditional circus with classic Chinese legends. Gathering five continents, hundreds of circus elites, macaws, Arabian baboons, Bengal white tigers…Hundreds of rare birds and exotic animals and other ultra-luxury performance lineups, a combination of acrobatics, dance, sand painting, comics, magic, stunts, martial arts, fire A variety of artistic categories such as skills, a new interpretation of the immortal legend. Starting with the familiar “Mulan Ci”, the curtain was opened in the sand painting performance. The scene was luxurious and spectacular and very shocking. The aerial trapeze, the high-altitude project is the most thrilling and exciting, watching the actors spin and dance freely in the air, secretly sweating, and can’t help but clap their hands and exclaim! Animals also have spirituality. A group of naive but clever and clever brown bears and puppies, seemingly clumsy but all possess special skills, horse-riding dance, stilts, and somersaults made the audience cheer. Warriors from Africa perform difficult on-wheel stunts, exciting music, and jet flames. The big flywheel spins on the edge of life and death, from inside the magic wheel to outside the magic wheel, jumping high, and flying into the air when falling. And flying, the “Magic Wheel of Life and Death” is amazing! The Kazakh warriors from the “nation on horseback”, with the beat of drums, rode horses and galloped the audience, and the difficult equestrian performances won bursts of applause from the audience. The trampoline flying up and down is dazzling. The performance of more than one hour was wonderful, and everyone couldn’t help standing up and applauding the actors after the performance. After watching the performance, you can just catch up with the 15:50 float parade, and the actors will interact with you kindly! Another highlight is the Lingling Animal Kingdom. Lingling Animal Kingdom is an animal interactive park integrating animal display, interaction, close contact experience and animal behavior display. There are 26 exhibition halls and national animal treasures from all over the world. : Chinese national treasure giant panda, Australia national treasure kangaroo, Indian national treasure white tiger, German national treasure brown bear, Algeria national treasure fennec fox, Mauritius national treasure giant tortoise, Dominican national treasure macaw, Peru national treasure alpaca and hundreds of rare animals from five continents. A group of alpacas are coming towards you, be careful they will spit! You can also have close contact with them and pay for feeding. The mighty and majestic white tiger can also be seen here. It is the king of animals in the Lingling animal kingdom. Its coat is pure white with brown stripes. It is more than two meters in length. Standing on the top of the tiger mountain, the breath of the natural king is more heroic and powerful. . The weird squirrel monkeys from South America have thick and soft fur, and their long tails occupies most of the body, making people laugh. The largest bird in the world, the pelicans, patrolling back and forth in the pool, with their large mouths particularly conspicuous. There are also various animals such as brown bears, red pandas, big hippos, and fragrant pigs. There are regular explanations and interactive performances, which integrate education and entertainment. Adults and children can participate in it. Xiamen is a great place for parent-child travels. There are national treasures of animals from all over the world, and you can also enjoy the wonderful circus! Travel strategy information: Address: Intersection of Xingjin Road and Xinglinwan Road, Jimei, Xiamen Opening hours: Animal Kingdom Business hours: 10:00-17:00, opening and closing hours in April: 10:00-21:00 (including Mondays and Wednesdays, no night shows and 17:00 closing) Tickets: The Animal Kingdom adult ticket is 140 yuan/person, the big circus is 280 yuan/person, vip380 yuan/person, there are discounts for online ticket purchases, and children under 1 meter (not included) are free.

Cholesterol gives cell membranes strength and flexibility, and plays a vital role in the production of hormones, vitamin D, and fat digestion. Therefore, it can be said that cholesterol plays an important role in almost all bodily activities. Illustration In fact, there are two main types of cholesterol: low density lipoprotein (LDL – bad cholesterol) and high density lipoprotein (HDL – good cholesterol). When LDL levels rise, it can cause plaque buildup in the arteries, leading to heart disease and stroke. Conversely, high levels of HDL in the blood help reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke, helping to excrete excess cholesterol from the body. Since cholesterol does not interact well with the blood, it is transported by low density lipoprotein (LDL) and high density (HDL) particles. The ideal cholesterol threshold for most adults is total cholesterol below 200 mg / dL, LDL below 100 mg / dL and HDL above 60 mg / dL. Illustration Normally, the liver makes all the cholesterol the body needs to function. However, the body can also absorb cholesterol through the consumption of animal products. When you consume more cholesterol from animals, your body compensates for it by lowering the amount of cholesterol naturally. Conversely, when the cholesterol supplied by the diet is low, the body will increase its natural cholesterol production to ensure that there is always an adequate amount of this important substance. In fact, cholesterol in the body comes from food sources only about 20%, the rest is produced by the liver. Besides, cholesterol in the diet also has a partial impact on the ratio of LDL and HDL in the body. LDL index increases, HDL index drops low, alarming the risk of cardiovascular disease. Therefore, eating cholesterol-rich foods will significantly increase cholesterol levels in the body is a complete misconception. About 80% of cholesterol in the body is produced in the liver, not from food that we tolerate on a daily basis. People who are overweight or obese are more likely to have high cholesterol in their blood. However, thin people can still have high cholesterol. Thin people also need to worry about increased blood cholesterol. Illustration In addition, people with unhealthy lifestyles, very sedentary, with some genetic disorders, the elderly … may also be at risk of hypercholesterolemia in the blood. Create a regular and healthy living routine for yourself. It is important to understand cholesterol in order to have the right diet. In fact, cholesterol is not quite a harmful substance, it is also a natural substance that is essential for health.

Mr. Le Van Hien (sitting in the middle) and members of the Community Conservation Group record data on white-assed langurs living in Thanh Son forest. Nearly 30 years as a hunter, he is a famous veteran hunter in the region, but for nearly 10 years, Mr. Le Van Hien, Thanh Son commune, Kim Bang district (Ha Nam) has determined to “guard the gun”, voluntarily Participating in conservation of white-assed langurs – a rare animal in the list of the 25 most endangered animals in the world is in danger of extinction. He is honored to be the second person from Vietnam to be named a “Conservation Hero” by the International Wildlife Organization (FFI). Old story with the forest Born and raised on the edge of Thanh Son forest, Kim Bang district, the childhood days of the boy Le Van Hien and the children in the village were always intimately attached to the forest. Mr. Hien’s childhood at that day was the series of days following his parents to the forest to pick bamboo shoots, catch animals, cut down trees and burn coal to make ends meet. Mr. Hien still remembers that at that time, he had just finished primary school and dropped out of school to go to the forest. Because they are still young, they mainly follow the old hunters in the village to go to the forest to hunt wild animals and bring them home to use as improved food. At the age of 17, he gathered enough money to buy his first hunting rifle, and officially became a hunter. At that time, the young man Hien’s skillful hunting skills with sharp eyes quickly became a “nightmare” of Kim Bang forest animals at that time. After returning from the army in 1983, Mr. Hien continued to work in the forest to hunt for a living. An individual of white rump. Sitting on the porch, right at the foot of the forest, with the hot tea pot and the yellow civet, looking towards the edge of the forest, Mr. Hien recalled. In the past, there were many wild animals in Thanh Son forest, all kinds of things. After every night when I came back from the forest to hunt, I had to hire someone to take home the animals. Animals are displayed in the house: chamois, baskets, civets, porcupines, donkeys, pangolins, monkeys, langurs … A chamois is worth a few pounds of paddy, a monkey or semi-cooked langur can measure several tons of paddy. , traders to take place to buy. Thanks to that, my family’s economy is getting better and better day by day. At that time, I used to think that I would stick with hunting for a lifetime. Smoking pipe tobacco, releasing white smoke, Mr. Hien talked. But later, the animals in the forest were also more and more depleted, and the authorities at all levels also propagated a lot about the protection of rare animals. At that time, there were many wildlife research groups of organizations coming here to penetrate and learn. Knowing that I have experience in the jungle, experts invited me to join groups of experts on surveying and researching in Kim Bang forest. I remember forever when I accepted the invitation for a month to lead expert Le Van Dung (in Cuc Phuong National Park) to investigate the white-assed langur in Kim Bang. It was the first time in many years that I went into the forest without a gun. A week watching the white-rumped langurs, the golden monkeys through the binoculars, the far angle, wider than the flyhead, I watched the two orange-colored langurs wrapped in tangerine on my mother’s side, the father langurs taught their children to eat. They play happily together like children. Again, Uncle Dung always cooed and advised me “Let go of the gun!”. Once he saw that I was watching intently two baby langurs, he put in my ear: You see, they have the same love as humans. If one child in the family dies, the others will be sad and stop eating. Mother langur dies, children will also die. At that time, I just kept quiet and began to regret my previous hunting actions. After every trip with the primate researcher returned, there were long nights when I had no sleep. The night I lay, I looked up at the ceiling, then looked at my two little children. The round black eyes of the baby langurs haunt me again. After that, I understood and realized the preciousness of forest resources to be protected. But because of my living life, I also struggled with ideas. It took many nights of thinking and pondering that I decided to discuss with my wife to quit the job of hunter. Unexpectedly at that time it was my wife who was the first to support me to quit the job, although knowing that it was a series of difficult days for the whole family. It took me two years to scramble to find a job. At times, I worked as a drill and blasting worker for a rock breaking business. Uncertainty work is more dangerous, only when I get home will my wife and children feel assured that I am back alive and breathe a sigh of relief. But I think I gave up my job as a hunter and went to work as a mine blasting worker. It also affected the langurs and monkeys in the forest. Then I became bored again and quit the job as a mine blasting worker. I turned to invest in raising pigs, chickens, cultivating with my wife and children to make ends meet. Mr. Hien said, I am very lucky and proud to have a wife of algae and always beside me to encourage me to share with me. Up to now, I still remember her encouraging words to motivate me to overcome difficulties in life. Before when I was hunting, when I wore wild animals, she was happy, but now, no matter what she brought from the forest, she could not agree, because my job was to protect the cave. , the plants in the forest. If we do that, we can protect someone, tell who they hear. She said: From the day you quit the job as a hunter of wild animals, you were like a glass of filtered water, now if you come back then you will make it more cloudy, that I never want. So since I quit the job as a hunter, my heart has been relieved. Pay the debt with the forest Thanks to the hunting profession, Mr. Hien has more than half of his life attached to the forest and belongs to Kim Bang forest like the palm of his hand. He no longer goes to the forest to hunt animals, but every day, Mr. Hien still wants to go back to the forest and do something. That is useful, practical to repay the debt with the forest. At the beginning of 2016, Mr. Le Van Hien led experts from the International Organization for the Conservation of Wildlife and Fauna to Kim Bang Forest to survey the white-ass langur. The important information he provided that day helped scientists and experts of the International Wildlife Organization to discover the second largest population of white-lipped langurs in the world. Kim Bang. At the end of 2016, the International Wildlife and Fauna Conservation Organization (FFI) came to Kim Bang to implement a conservation program of white-ass langur. Without hesitation, Mr. Le Van Hien volunteered to participate, then the Community Conservation Team was established and he was appointed as the leader. Since then he was very happy, because I had the opportunity to return to the forest, but this time back to the forest with a different mindset – a leader in the protection of the forest and rare mascots. The work of the patrol team is to remove animal traps, monitor the location and habitat of the white-ass langur and the animals in the forest. When detecting destructive behavior, hunting animals, the team will notify the forest rangers to handle. Since then, Mr. Hien has taught himself how to use cameras, positioning equipment, and how to divide forest plots to mark the position of langurs. Four years of tracking, observing and recording many valuable images from the herd of white rump langurs living in Kim Bang forest. He is very passionate and enthusiastic when talking about langurs. He said, I just saw the streak of broken branches, smelled the urine and knew how many days ago the langurs ate in this area. He also belongs to each species of tree that langurs like to eat. In the herd, the strongest male langurs lead the way, providing a good environment for other animals to eat. Baby langurs are picked up by the whole herd when the mother goes to eat. Young male douc that reaches adulthood (6 years) will fight the dominant male. The male loses, leaving the herd, wandering alone (local people often call it “poisonous”) to lure the females to follow and form a new herd. The knowledge about langur behavior was carefully recorded in the notebook, passed on to the members of the nest. Tens of thousands of pictures and videos of langurs were sent by him to primate experts. Each trip to the forest of Mr. Hien and his teammates lasted from three to seven days, a month, his team members had to go and stay for up to 16 days in the forest, but he could be better. After four years of establishment and maintenance, the Kim Bang District Community Conservation Group, headed by Mr. Hien, has made active contributions to the conservation of forest diversity, especially the white-ass langur. As a result, the population of white-lipped langurs in Kim Bang forest is growing day by day, there are 12 herds with about 110 individuals, the second largest in the world, after Van Long Wetland Reserve, Ninh Binh province. Mr. Le Van Hien shared that the motivation for him to actively participate in activities in the biodiversity protection in general and the conservation of the white-crowned langur in particular in Kim Bang forest came from the anxiety about the work damages his forest while hunting and wishes to “pay his debt to the forest”. I hope everyone will join hands to protect the white-assed langur that nature has bestowed on Ha Nam forest. The authorities soon finalized the procedures to establish a planned protected area so that the patrol was less strenuous. At the same time, it is necessary to promote propaganda about the practical meaning of forest protection to all strata of people, especially in schools, so that children can knowingly and consciously participate in protecting the white-crowned langur. It is very rare in the locality, because now many children do not know what langurs are. In order to deserve the title “Conservation Hero” awarded by the International Wildlife and Fauna Conservation Organization, Mr. Hien will work with members of the Kim Bang District Community Conservation Team in their efforts to complete their graduation. to protect the biodiversity of Kim Bang forest, conserve the population of white-shanked douc langur – a rare animal in the list of the 25 most endangered animals in the world that are in danger of extinction.

However, in the new era, interwoven with new and strange flows of information, knowledge, culture, prejudices about laziness seem somewhat less severe than before. The famous quote defending the lazy people of billionaire Bill Gates, who was once the richest in the world: “I always choose the lazy for the difficult jobs. Because they always know how to find children. easiest way to do, “is also a view to help us consider one thing, maybe the lazy life is not as boring as you know? Animals, the name is enough to say a thing that is difficult to work hard, the lord of indolence, that is the sloth. The scientific name is Folivora, living mainly in the tropical forests of South America. The identity of this species, of course, lies in its resolution speed, its life. According to biologists, sloths are the slowest-living mammal on the planet. But that is when compared to other animals, and when it comes to sloths, it doesn’t care. Our job is to enjoy life the way we do. Always playful in all circumstances. Therefore, we can never come across the face of any sloth displaying a sad emotional state. Always, anytime, anywhere, whether it’s sunny, rainy, sick or sick, the only expression on a sloth’s face is calmness, accompanied by a decent smile. smiling too broadly too tired), showing absolute enjoyment, love life. The life of a sloth, basically, is to spend all of its time on three big, important things in that life: eating, sleeping, resting on the foliage, repeating again and again. Most herbivores will supplement other sources of energy with nutritious foods, many minerals such as seeds, fruits … Sloths are too lazy, so it only needs to eat leaves. And with this “frosty” dish, the lazy body also takes about 30 days to fully digest. The pinnacle of sloths, captured by photographer Quin Shrock in Peru, is taking risks, one’s own life because of laziness. Opening the clip is an image of an extremely large Anaconda python moving on the ground. This is a giant python living in the Amazon basin, South America. They average about 10 meters long, weigh up to a ton and are extremely dangerous. Although not a venomous species, instead, the Anaconda python has a much more brutal way of hunting. It was a surprise attack with lightning speed, then grabbed the bait’s body and squeezed so that their bones were broken and slowly swallowed. As for such a terrifying predator, most animals try to choose the option to avoid, dodge as far as possible, but our protagonist doesn’t think so. How many days to stick to the tree, on a beautiful day the sloth acts to the ground, even if the sky collapses it will still follow the predetermined plan. Thinking how to do so, the sloth kept slowly, step by step, following the predetermined route. Encountering an obstacle is the python Anaconda, whatever, I just go my way, whoever gets in my way, I climb over it to continue. Life inherently functions in a simple way, don’t let foolish thoughts make it more complicated. The python encountered an opponent too “muddy” like this was also bewildered, not knowing how to deal with it. I hate being blocked the most … This makes the sloth seem a little annoyed. Therefore it had to “impolite” to use the hand to move the python’s head away to continue on the chosen path. The clip ends in peace, but perhaps the python also learned a lesson about not to block the sloths, and then have a reputation for being impolite, stopping others.

The venom helps the snakes defend themselves and hunts. Explaining the venom in the snake The research was carried out by experts at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (Japan) with the Australian National University (Australia) and published in the scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). . Research indicates a link between mammalian salivary glands and snake venom glands. Agneesh Barua, lead author of the paper and a graduate student in evolutionary genetics at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, said: “In the past, we had the basic foundations. to find out about this. “Now, thanks to evolution, we can dig deeper and more accurately into the relationship between mammalian salivary glands and snake venom glands.” Previously, scientists believed that the venom gland evolved from the salivary gland because the venom is composed of proteins that are transformed from saliva. The oral venom system is assumed to evolve through evolution, but how it evolved and the molecular structure in the venom system remains unknown. Research by the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology and the Australian National University are the first scientific evidence to find an answer to this fake snow. To produce toxins, snakes have evolved in the direction of converting many different substances in the body into venom. Initially, scientists suspected the gene was behind the poison formation in snake venom and a number of different species such as spiders and coolie – the only primate to have venom. However, the study did not find out what causes the venom to develop in the mouths of the animals. The research does not focus on toxins because they grow quickly, they are complex mixtures of many compounds, the Baride scientist explains. From there, the scientists decided to switch not to check the genes that produce the toxin, but to study the genes that help change the salivary system into the venom gland in the mouth. These are genes that are involved in the venom but are not responsible for the toxin production. Contact toxins in the human body Human saliva contains toxins that produce toxins. Through testing the genome of Taiwan habu snake, the researchers found the gene that supports the change, named “metavenom network”. This gene is responsible for protecting cells from the stress caused by the production of large amounts of protein. Similar genes are found in the salivary glands of some mammals such as chimpanzees, mice, even humans or terrestrial egg-laying animals such as birds and reptiles. These two genes have quite similar modes of action. Both produce large amounts of protein in saliva. With snakes, this gene helps to create large toxic saliva, suitable for their hunting and defense purposes. While in mammals such as humans, genes also make large amounts of protein in saliva but does not contain toxins. The common thing that these genes have in common is their ability to produce toxins, but snakes combine many different toxins, while mammals produce simpler venom, which has a similarity with saliva, Baride says. In fact, under certain environmental conditions, rats can make many toxic proteins in their saliva. Or in human saliva contains Kallikrein, an enzyme that helps digest proteins and they are also components in the “metavenom network”. If mutated, Kallikrein will convert saliva into venom that causes pain and death for infected objects. If so, according to evolution, in the next ten thousand years rats may have venom in their mouths, and so can humans. Mechanism of venom production However, Barua said, Kallikreins in human saliva can hardly evolve into toxins in snake venom. The “metavenom web” is a method of defense or elimination of prey and it evolves according to the animal’s way of life. The same species of snake, but living in different terrains and environments, the toxin is also different. For example, snakes live in the desert, mainly hunt rats on flat terrain, their venom slowly seeps into their prey. But snakes that live in the rocky mountains have a stronger toxin, instantly killing the lizard-like agility. Meanwhile, humans have invented tools, weapons and social structures to increase labor productivity and to process food, so there is no need to use venom. In addition, the creation of the venom is difficult. If not used regularly, the venom is lost. For example, sea snakes used to possess venom but are now harmless because they switch from eating fish to eating fish eggs, which do not require the use of toxins. New research may not raise hope for human “superpowers” but scientists have found a way for species to control venom in the body, which may be the key of medicine. . Find out how genes that control external protein expression can recognize diseases like cancer. Because most deaths from cancer are due to cancer cells growing out of control.