Luxembourg’s full name is the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg – a parliamentary democracy and constitutional monarchy, ruled by a Grand Duke and the only surviving grand duchy in the world. This country has an area of ​​2586 square kilometers with a population of 580,000 people . Nestled between the “giants” of France, Germany and Belgium, Luxembourg not only has not been annexed and assimilated, but has also risen to world stature – it is a co-founder member of many international organizations such as the Union United Nations, European Union, North Atlantic Treaty Organization… With more than 80% of the population being immigrants, people here are not only Luxembourgish, but also fluent in other languages ​​such as French, German, English… At attractions in Luxembourg, there are hearing devices, visitors do not need tour guide, just press the button to select the language. As a small country, but Luxembourg has RTL Group with 34 television stations, 33 radio stations covering 12 countries and the largest steel corporation Arcelormital in Europe. Luxembourg is the headquarters of hundreds of foreign banks, including the Investment Bank and the European Audit Office… Luxembourg is influenced by French architecture, notably the Lucilinburhuc castle built more than 1000 years ago, Notre Dame Cathedral, Luxembourg’s main avenue looks like the Champs Elysees in Paris. Grand Dukes Palace with unique architecture, built in 1574 – one of the most perfect examples of Renaissance architecture with splendid beauty, sophistication. The Luxembourg Theater (full name is Grande-Duchesse Josephine-Charlotte Concert Hall) designed by architect Christian de Portzamparc, is one of the most famous theaters in Europe, holding up to 400 concerts annually. Notre-Dame Cathedral is a Roman Catholic church, built in 1870, bold Gothic architecture mixed with fine Renaissance art. The building of the National Savings Bank was built in the years 1910 – 1913 in the Renaissance style William II Square – the heart of Luxembourg City, named after the eminent emperor of both Luxembourg and the Netherlands, has long had a special meaning for the people and country of Luxembourg. Statue of Gëlle Fra commemorating the soldiers of Luxembourg who died in World War I in Constitution Square, built in 1923, demolished by the Germans in 1940, restored in 1984 – a symbol of freedom and love Luxembourgish resilience. Luxembourg is influenced by both Roman and Germanic cultures but has been transformed by eye-catching multicultural fashion stores, performances by Arab street artists, aromatic German sausages, attractive Turkish kepap…and the shops seduce tourists. Luxembourg has 110 bridges. The Grand Duke Adolphe Bridge was built between 1900-1903 by two famous architects with the largest stone dome in the world at that time – a symbol of the independence of this country. The “Old” bridge was built in 1859 – 1861 across the Pétrusse valley with pillars 30 meters high, with a total length of 290 meters. The “Red” bridge connects the city center with the European area, 74 m high, 355 m long, 25 m wide and with a total weight of 4,900 tons. Designed by Catalan architect Ricardo Bofill in 2004, Europe Square is home to major buildings such as the Philharmonie, the Alcide De Gasperi, the new Convention Center, the MUDAM Drai Eechelen… Luxembourg’s most famous attraction is the Chemin de la Corniche, across the Alzrtte valley, built by the Spaniards and French in the 17th century – which covers the whole of Luxembourg, dubbed “The most beautiful balcony” Europe”. Under the Chemin de la Corniche is the Bock Casemates underground fortress system 23 km long, 40 m deep, built by Count Sigfried in 963. The whole defensive town is more than 40000 m2, located in the ground with legs. very thick walls and sandstone balustrades that follow steep cliffs. Since 1933, Casemates has been repaired by the Luxembourg government and is open to visitors. Currently, the average annual Bock Casemates welcomes more than 100,000 visitors. The hidden beauty and romance of Luxembourg City is that it lies in the heart of the valley. Luxembourg City was recognized by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage in 1994 and awarded the title of “European Capital of Culture” by the EU in 1995 and 2007. Luxembourg does not have a hustle and bustle like many other tourist cities in Europe. Apart from the new cars, Luxembourg has no showy activities. The pace of life here is still leisurely and liberal; a cool blue color, settling, mixing heaven and earth with people. Luxembourg never forgets to preserve its historical values, national cultural traditions. Perhaps, that is the reason why, despite being small, having been invaded for thousands of years, Luxembourg still maintained its sovereignty and rose to become a rich country, respected by friends.

Mr. Salamak Klathalay. Photo: CNN. This unique way of life came to an abrupt end in 2005, following the 2004 tsunami. The Moken people survived, even completely unscathed after the disaster, relying on the traditional experience of foraging for high ground. than to avoid waves. However, in an effort to assimilate the Moken into Thai culture, the government has moved more than 300 Moken people to more fortified land, in the area of ​​Ko Surin National Park, Phang Nga province. , Southern Thailand. Since then, the Moken have more or less adapted to a relatively modern life. They have gradually built a village with simple wooden and bamboo houses, equipped with solar panels and running water. And for the first time, they get a regular source of income from tourism. Ngoey Klathalay – Head of the village said: “We make money from selling souvenirs to tourists or leading boat tours”; “On average, about 100 tourists visit the village every day.” However, the Covid-19 pandemic suddenly broke out in early 2020, forcing the Thai Government to close to international tourism, losing the almost only source of income for the Moken people. In that moment, the survival instinct – sailing, hunting and gathering again strongly rose up in Moken people. Hook Klathalay, Ngoey’s brother, said: “I’ve been living on this boat for two years.” For Hook, the attraction of the sea prompted him to quickly return to the traditional Moken life. Mr. Hook Klathalay. Photo: CNN Hook and his son built a boat with tools such as nets, hooks, three-pronged spears… and conducted daily hunting trips in various shallow waters. “With just a little rice, we can get the rest of the necessities in the ocean,” says Hook. Hook adds that the pressure of the Covid-19 pandemic has caused the Moken to re-evaluate their way of life; many Mokens told Hook that they wanted to live in a boat, on the ocean. Many Moken people are also gradually returning to hunting, daily collecting shellfish, crustaceans and small fish through rudimentary tools such as knives and spears. However, the sea is not the only source of food for the Moken. They also go to the wooded islands to dig for tubers they call “murung”. Boiled and peeled, the “murung” tuber has a texture and flavor similar to that of a “water chestnut”. Ngoey said: “Since the outbreak of Covid-19, the income of Moken people has decreased, but not much in my opinion; We are not desperate, we are not starving. For a long time we were not dependent on tourism, we only did tourism for a few years. But we will always have the sea.”

The white-necked langur was found and discovered in 2012 by Mr. Nguyen Thanh Tu, a local resident on the limestone mountain in Thach Hoa commune. Since then, he has persuaded 14 other people to volunteer to protect the langurs. In 2015, the Provincial Forest Protection Department, in collaboration with local authorities, identified about 10 herds with over 100 individuals in the communes of Thach Hoa, Dong Hoa and Thuan Hoa. Thanks to the strict protection of the locality along with the support of functional forces and voluntary protection groups, the white-necked langur herd in the above communes of Tuyen Hoa district has grown in total numbers. According to the investigation results of the Center for Indigenous Knowledge Research and Development (CIRD) in collaboration with the Provincial Forest Protection Department to organize the implementation under the framework of the project sponsored by the Mekong Region Land Governance project, currently Currently, there are 22 herds and 156 individuals of white-necked langurs in 3 main areas: Dong Hoa, Thach Hoa and Thuan Hoa communes. In which, Thach Hoa is the most recorded area with 12 herds and 91 individuals; Dong Hoa area has 9 herds and 57 individuals; Thuan Hoa area has 1 herd with 8 individuals. In particular, in 2020, the number of young children born is quite high compared to previous years at 14 children. Recently, scientists also discovered some moldy monkeys here. The appearance of white-necked langurs, species listed in the Red Book of Vietnam and the world, together with beautiful natural landscapes, rich villages on both sides of Gianh River with many valuable cultural and historical relics, such as: Len Dai Hoa cave, Tran Tao weapons factory (Dong Hoa commune), etc., are favorable conditions and potentials for the development of various types of eco-tourism, cultural and experiential tourism. Visitors can look, watch the white-necked langurs play, look for food on the trees or on the craggy cliffs. Mr. Ngo Van Hong, Director of the CIRD Center, said that if in the past it was necessary to use binoculars to see the langurs, now, the langurs are increasingly bold, with our naked eyes we can also look and watch them happily. play, naturally foraging in the trees or on the crags. This place not only attracts domestic and international wildlife lovers but is also an ideal place for schools inside and outside the province to organize for students to explore the biodiversity of the region. Tuyen Hoa limestone mountains as well as the growth behavior of white-necked langurs, mold monkeys. Both volunteering to protect the local white-necked langurs, the protection team are also volunteer tour guides, guiding those who come to learn, research, take photos, and watch the white-necked langurs… Mr. Nguyen Thanh Tu, leader of the group that volunteered to protect the langurs, shared: “It is much easier to see and take pictures of langurs in the limestone mountains of Tuyen Hoa. Unlike many places, guests wait forever and do not see them. langurs, in Tuyen Hoa, visitors can observe the langurs every day (but must make an appointment in advance), we will introduce and guide you so that you are not disappointed. In the morning, the langurs go to search for food until 7 am, the langurs return to the cave to rest, in the afternoon, at about 4 pm they come out of the cave to look for food, at dusk they return, and in winter, they come out of the cave later. and come back earlier. Not only watching them fly, visitors can also watch the langurs in the caves where they live through binoculars. Recently, tourists as well as research groups come here more and more, In 2020, there are more than 100 turns of people coming here to study, learn, discover and take pictures of the white-necked langur.” Solutions for sustainable development Mr. Cao Xuan Binh, Chairman of Thach Hoa Commune People’s Committee, said that the locality is currently orienting to develop community-based tourism and experience tourism in order to change industries and increase income for people. However, the government as well as the people have no experience in tourism, so there are still many difficulties and obstacles. In particular, people’s thoughts are still heavy on agricultural production, do not dare to invest boldly to develop tourism. Besides, financial capacity, experience in tourism, attracting investment enterprises… are also difficulties of the locality in developing community-based tourism. According to Mr. Nguyen The Son, Head of the Tuyen Hoa District Forest Protection Department, in order to promote the tourism potential of localities as well as find directions for sustainable tourism development, it is necessary to continue promoting the core role of the group. voluntary conservation and local people, thereby, regularly patrolling, monitoring and preventing the risk of affecting the life of white-necked langurs and surrounding habitats. At the same time, it is necessary to regularly organize training programs to raise people’s awareness about conserving the white-necked langur population, their habitat and biodiversity conservation. In particular, if tourism is to be developed, it is necessary to plan tourist routes and spots, not arbitrarily organize to affect the habitat of white-necked langurs, on the contrary, need the coordination of scientists to separate herds when they grow in large numbers, avoiding affecting production and people’s lives. In addition, it is necessary to recognize the legality so that the voluntary conservation group can safely patrol and protect the forest and guide tourists to visit in accordance with the law. Le The Luc, Deputy Director of the Department of Tourism, said that in order to diversify tourism products to contribute to socio-economic development, localities need to continue to strictly protect white-necked langurs and mammals. rare species through training to raise awareness for the community in biodiversity conservation, along with behaviors in approaching tourism, protecting, preserving and embellishing the value of historical relics, focus on promoting the image, natural landscape, tourism potential. In particular, it is necessary to gradually carry out market research and visitor tastes, develop suitable tourism products, and improve service quality for tourists when visiting. The fact that Tuyen Hoa district has preserved and protected the rare langur herd, preserving the habitat and environment not only for the langurs but also for monkeys and other wild animals is precious. However, in order to develop tourism as a new direction, taking advantage of the existing strengths and potentials, the local government and the people here need the attention of the departments, agencies, organizations, the investment. Investment of businesses to sustainably protect the ecosystem, build infrastructure for tourism, widely propagate and promote the image for domestic and foreign tourists to know.