Earlier, the “Double Ponytail Elastic Shake” video swept the Internet. Internet celebrities have tied up their double ponytails, put on cute Lolita suits and jumped up and down in front of the mirror. The jumps were very small, but the BGM was so magical that the entire video was quite similar “Upper”.

At this time, some netizens pointedly pointed out that the video action of “Double Ponytail Elastic Shake” was very suggestive. Many male netizens understood the connotation at a glance, but some female Internet celebrities pretended to be ignorant of the hot spots at this time, and it was really ugly to eat.

What is even more unacceptable is that Xiao Wanghong Wanzimei also joined the challenge of “double ponytail elastic shake”. The young and ignorant Wanzimei naturally doesn’t understand what it means to shoot this kind of video, and her parents can’t shirk the blame.

After finally waiting for the “double ponytail elastic wave” wind to stop, who would have thought that short video platforms have encountered vulgar challenges recently? You must know that the trend of the Internet will greatly affect immature netizens, and vulgar challenges frequently come out of reality. People worry.

On June 14th, some netizens discovered that many Internet celebrities actively invited Ying to join the challenge of “back view kill” and “waist-to-hip ratio”. Netizens’ accusations hit the nail on the head: these Internet celebrities dare to put their imagination and creativity in other areas. A lot has been done for a long time.

In the video, these Internet celebrities were showing off their prosperous beauty at first, and then they showed their sexy waist-to-hip ratio and back view as soon as the camera turned. I have to say that the figure of the Internet celebrity who dares to participate in this challenge is really impeccable, and the waist-to-hip ratio is perfect. Everyone can’t help but call “goddess” from the back.

The Internet celebrities who participated in this topic have all received good traffic. When some netizens admire their proud body, many netizens also discovered the “splendid spot” among them.

Netizens pointed out that this video is a proper “boyfriend’s point of view”, which has a foul connotation. Some netizens said that many foul-smelling male netizens would still shamelessly comment after seeing similar videos: “Why don’t they move their heads?”

In fact, the initiator of this topic was originally just showing his fit body, but some Internet celebrities have distorted the meaning of it, so that the entire video is getting more and more biased, and now it has reached the point of “fascinating men”.

Netizens found that the actor Chai Wei also joined the challenge of “waist-to-hip ratio”. Although Chai Wei is not well-known, she can at least make the audience feel familiar. She starred in “Scary Step by Step”, “Biography of Miyue”, and “Prince Prince”. Dramas such as “The Story of a Concubine’s Promotion” have achieved good response.

In addition, Chai Wei was born as a child star, making it easier for netizens to notice. Seeing that Chai Wei is also following the trend to shoot this foul-smelling video, everyone’s disappointment is self-evident.

“Soft pornography” cannot be clearly defined in just a few words. Some netizens are willing to call it “art”, while others find it difficult to agree.

It can be seen that many of the Internet celebrities participating in the video challenge are selling fantasy by showing their prosperous beauty and beautiful body. Not all participants are “uneasy and kind” to attract the attention of male netizens, or they may just simply rub hot spots. . This shows that the next time an internet celebrity follows the trend and shoots a video, he must keep his eyes open and discern what to do and what not to do with his heart.

I’m not a junk food person. For over 30 years, I haven’t even touched sweets. Not because of any abstinence, but basically because of the simple taste that doesn’t like sweet. Coffee also hand bo, no sugar. Seeing cake, candy is casually ignored. And the thing that always scares the most is the cake. I don’t understand why, just see the cake and dodge. But even if you’re not a person who likes to eat snacks, your mouth will still snap when you have the opportunity. The occasion here is when sitting with leaf tea, hanging out with friends. The little things, the little things on the table, will also make me finger. Of course, must be not sweet. Men’s thumbs-up is actually very common. Just look at a drinking table anywhere we will see. A few peanuts, a few spring rolls, a few pieces of toad, mango or even when the mouth is sad, just fingering the stalks of herbs is also a type of snack. That’s just talking about the type of man who rarely eats gifts like me. There are many other people, with different tastes, will eat “flying in the line” snack. For example, my brother “trumpeter” named Kien. This man is especially fond of fried dough. Every time you enter the city. Ho Chi Minh performed or recorded, he would have to make a good fried dough fight anyway. Many times, the brothers went out to drink together, had to order fried dough for him to eat to satisfy his cravings. When it comes to fried dough, I’m also startled. It’s something I’ve never eaten before. In the past, during the subsidy period, in the early 80’s, I remember every 3-4 o’clock in the afternoon, my father and a few colleagues working in the design room dragged home to make a few cups of wine. The bait is nothing. My son (me) is always sent to run errands to the top of the street to buy his father a few packets of roasted peanuts. “Wages” to buy is a separate package, sit out in a corner to sip. Northerners often drink snacks with roasted peanuts and basil. Southerners have other interesting snacks as bait. It’s raw shrimp noodles. One or two packages of noodles are broken, take the bundle of seasoning powder that comes with it, sprinkle it on it, squeeze a slice of lemon into it, that’s enough for a tray of four people who stay until late at night. And the way of picking up tiny raw noodles and sipping them is really interesting. It has the face, the sourness, the slightly sweet taste of seasoning there. With a sip of “crazy” beer (how to call a kind of beer of people in the South) or a little wine, tell a few crap stories, chat with neighbors, it is true to the spirit of “alley” of Saigon Very gong. Referring to that raw instant noodles, those who grew up in the North in the 80s and 90s will surely remember. Almost all children love to eat raw shrimp noodles. The smell of the burning compliment of the package of noodles that day was strangely impressive. Many children still crave raw noodles so much that every day when their parents are not at home, when the meal should be cooked, they break them and eat them raw and drink cold water. Quick and easy, as well as delicious. Noodles with water in the stomach and then it will not bloom. That is the logic of the playful and lazy children. Later, instant noodles lost the taste of the old days. Even the famous varieties of that day such as “Two shrimp”, “Miliket” still sold in the market could no longer retain the smell and taste of decades ago. Strictly speaking, today’s noodles are better, cleaner, better cooked to eat, but to eat raw, it loses the memory of instant noodles. Going back to the story of drinking and drinking with a pack of raw noodles of the Southern people, the spirit, the indigenous culture, it pops up very clearly there. Southerners, especially Westerners, have an interesting and strange way of life. “Hey Ut, what to do?” This can be a very common question to see if your friends are free. “Reprimanded for doing a few dirty things” is a catchphrase that also goes to the South. “Cun” is “free time” and “doing wrong” is… not doing bad things at all. “Doing bad things” in the inner region can be drinking, eating… It describes an action that is spontaneous, unfussy, liberal and impromptu. The word “doing it wrong”, must be said is too excellent. Living in the South for more than twenty years, living in the alley a lot, the relationship with the people in the alley is also close, so I learned a lot. I was also busy receiving a phone call from a fake neighbor that day asking the same questions as above, I asked in the correct voice “did some bottles? Where are you?” then received the answer “I’m at my house. I’m quiet”. “I’m alone” is actually “I’m alone” but for some reason, the “yen” sound evokes a very strange image and feeling. It shows loneliness but a loneliness without sadness. Referring to those typical languages ​​​​of the Southern people, we will certainly find it extremely diverse. “Mixed” for example. It is a way of drinking with a single glass for the whole table, rotating and drinking. Drinking this way is sentimental, but honestly, in this COVID-19 time, it evokes fear. Drinking from the same cup is easy to expose to diseases and surely people will criticize people in the garden to drink like that as dirty. But then again, is it dirtier than some well-dressed men smoking the same cigar? Dialects are incredibly interesting and, strictly speaking, we’re lucky to be in a country that is geographically spread out and dialects vary along that length. Of course, that difference may bring some difficulties and obstacles in economic and social development, but it brings a cultural diversity with many interesting colors. But in hindsight, there still seems to be an injustice to the dialect as the official dictionaries do not consider the way of saying certain particular words in common in a locality as an official entry. There is even a disdain as if it were a lisp. After all, writing is to record what people say, with one of its functions being the notation. So, when people in the Southwest region don’t say “perch” but instead “go fish”, why don’t we consider “Go” as an entry in the dictionary, with the caption “Perch” , in the South West parlance”?. What’s wrong with reading from father to son? Just like in the Central region, with the word “how” for “buffalo”, the word “nac” means “water”. To disregard the dialect in a rigid reference to the fact that there must be a standard of pronunciation, it seems that we are wasting a real cultural resource, because the way of speaking is not just speaking, it is also instructive. concept, culture and living spirit of a region. But sadly, when the dialect is being looked down on like that, in today’s press, the use of trendy words (following the trend) of young people is automatically accepted easily. This is not to denigrate the new words of young people because there are many extremely interesting words. However, the passed on and the new born should go hand in hand, as a recognition of the origin and development of a living language. By the way, ignore this one, get excited about that, is it a bait to catch the ball or not???

The summer sun is brilliant, the phoenix shape is tilted, the body is moldy and callous. The ancient citadel, the old gate, the old monument, the old phoenix root, all seem to want to gather to whisper to them what belongs to a distant time. The cast-iron citadel imprinted with traces of time is a witness of a bygone era. For now, the citadel becomes a place to welcome generations of students to come here to practice. In the middle of that quiet old space, there is still something that is silently changing. From the thin, thin branches, green sprouts rise up. That green color revives a deep and quiet space. Thousands of delicate leaf spots weave together to create a cool green color to the eyes. The blazing sun urges the phoenix to call summer. Until one day the old phoenix tree suddenly glowed red. That’s when the exam draws near. Nights with lights on by the small doorway, summer afternoons reviewing lessons under the trees. The sound of cicadas tinkling red phoenix flowers makes the heart more excited. The road leading to the familiar lecture hall was covered with red corpses. The wind gently swept the fragile phoenix wings flying in the air. In the line of troops walking under the phoenix’s shadow, there were petals falling gently on the red and gold-rimmed shoulders. That red color blends together to weave into student memories. It was the last summer we studied under the officer’s roof. Graduation exam is approaching, teammates are hard at work together. With a bit of leisure, I walked around the school, stood under the phoenix tree and picked up fallen petals. The cicada slightly tilted its head and flapped its wings in a hurry to catch the rhythm of the song. After the hard exam, the graduates are honored to carry on their shoulders the sparkling gold star badge. When the phoenix flower was over, it was time for us to part. From the roof of this school, young officers spread everywhere, each with a unit, a new horizon. Only the old phoenix shape with crimson flowers at the school gate will probably remain forever. We graduated from school with that year’s phoenix season so that every summer, we would sob with the falling color of the phoenix, the roof of the ancient citadel, and our comrades-in-arms.

The balance ball is a versatile exercise tool in sports (yoga, pilates) and is extremely supportive in exercises to treat back pain, and at the same time increases the strength of the central muscle group (including back muscles, muscles of the back, core muscles, etc.) abdomen, intercostal muscles, glutes). Beautiful Online introduces 4 simple movements with a balance ball to help relieve back pain and improve your posture. 1. Back extension exercise: Exercises that target the core muscle group will strengthen the back and improve posture. Step 1: Place your belly on the balance ball and keep your balance by extending your legs, toes on the floor. Step 2: Put your hands in front of you, cup your fists, thumbs out to the sides. Step 3: Inhale, when exhaling slowly raise the upper body as high as possible, chest lift off the ball, lift arms wide. Inhale and slowly lower your body back to the starting position. Pay attention to breathing evenly, deeply, slowly to promote muscle groups to work more effectively. Do this exercise 15 times in a row. 2. Superman exercises with the ball: Your entire back will be really burned after this exercise. Step 1: Lie on your stomach, use your feet to hold the ball. Squeeze your abs, bring your hands out in front of you. Step 2: Inhale, hold the ball tight, and raise your knees, abs, and arms overhead. Hold this position for 10 seconds and then slowly release your body back to the starting position. Repeat this movement 10 times in a row. 3. Upper back exercises: The exercise helps to expand the chest, exercises the shoulder and upper back muscles very effectively. Step 1: Put your belly on the ball, keep your balance by spreading your legs wide, straighten your legs, and touch the ground with your toes. Step 2: Bend your elbows, gently bring your hands behind your head, interlaced hands. Keep your fingers and arms tight and avoid letting your arms hang over your head. Step 3: Inhale. As you exhale, try to lift your upper body as high as possible. Inhale and slowly lower your body back to the starting position. Pay attention to perform the exercise slowly, slowly to promote effective muscle groups
than. Perform 15 times in a row/exercise. 4. Cross-balancing exercise on the ball: This exercise will stimulate many muscle groups and increase your balance. Step 1: Place your belly on the ball, balance by using your hands to support the ground at shoulder height, feet shoulder width apart. Step 2: Simultaneously raise the right hand and left leg, keep the arm and leg straight for 2 seconds and then slowly lower back to the original position. Do the same with the left hand and right foot. Try to perform rhythmically and slowly, keeping your body as balanced on the ball as possible by squeezing your abs, glutes, and thighs. Repeat this movement 20 times, alternating between sides. Posts: Beautiful Lifestyle

Can suck other people’s life force with tail One of Cell’s most fearsome powers is the ability to absorb anyone’s life force and chi, using his tail. The Imperfect and Semi-Perfect Cell forms both possess a long tail, similar in function to a mosquito’s proboscis. Through it, Cell can stab people’s bodies and drain them of their life force at high speed, rendering their bodies to nothing in an instant. This move helps Cell to store gas, and at the same time increases his gas limit, which means making him stronger. In the case of absorbing Android 17 and Android 18, Cell can extend the tail to swallow the target, since they cannot use the suction method because they are not human. Can regenerate at the cellular level Resilience is possibly one of Cell’s most useful attributes. Possessing Namekian DNA in him, Cell has the ability to regrow severed limbs when desired. Although the process is painful, it does away with any damage left on Cell during the battle. Thanks to his sheer strength, that healing factor was actually able to regenerate his body from a single cell, allowing him to come back to life even after he used the self-destruct attack. Along with his resilient Frieza DNA, his healing factor appears to be significantly stronger than that of the Namekians. Theoretically, this makes Cell nearly impossible to kill. However, if hit with a blow strong enough to literally destroy all of the cells, leaving nothing left behind at the molecular level, then Cell would definitely die. The Saiyan DNA helps to give the advantage of constantly increasing power As the most aggressive warrior race in the universe, the Saiyans have many ways to increase their strength. And so is Cell. Thanks to Goku and Vegeta’s DNA, Cell has the potential to increase dramatically after each battle. The most prominent is probably the ability to strengthen after each wound healing. Basically, this is an ability that is ingrained in the Saiyan way of life, making them always look for challenges and push the limits when they fail. Combined with the Namek’s healing ability, defeating him is extremely difficult because after each “killed”, he will gradually shorten the distance with the opponent. If Gohan’s full-powered Kamehameha wasn’t strong enough to destroy Cell on a molecular level, he would surely continue to get stronger. Frost Demon race survival ability Besides Saiyan and Namekian DNA, Cell also possesses Frieza’s DNA. This means that his survivability is as strong as or far beyond the Frost Demon race, allowing him to survive in space, overcome oxygen-deficient environmental conditions, and withstand the cold of outer space. Besides, Frieza’s intellectual property also gives Cell the potential to achieve Golden status, if he lives and trains himself long enough. Can make copies of yourself With the ability of the Namek clan, Cell can “breed” by “squirting” from the tail (instead of the mouth) thanks to asexual reproduction. These chicks are called Cell Junior, and look exactly like the baby version of the perfect Cell, but without a tail. This means that they are just inferior copies, not really “children” of Cell. When it was first created, Cell Junior was as strong as Vegeta and Trunks at the time. However, the ones that are still alive (after trying to regenerate) do not grow strong even after a decade, making them easily overpowered by Android 17 and become the guardians of Monster Island. .

Recently, Kpop fans on Twitter recently excitedly discussed the topic of the perfect shadow of male god V (BTS) and Suzy’s “nation’s first love”. This duo are considered to be the top visuals of the idol world, revered by fans for their flawless beauty. Not only having a top-notch appearance, even the reflections on the wall of V and Suzy are also commented as dreamlike, attractive as real people. Even V and Suzy’s silhouettes are this beautiful, but the real person is even more amazing because of their explosive visuals. Everyone is looking forward to seeing the two of them together in a movie project soon V (BTS) V’s shadow also has the same charm and charm as the owner. V is the top male idol in Kpop and is unanimously recognized by the world’s netizens, so it’s no wonder that even the reflection on the wall of the male idol is so picturesque. V is so perfect that even his shadow has the look of a real handsome man. V’s famous high nose bridge and surreal facial features create a beautiful shadow that is not inferior to a real person The shadow has a dashing, handsome look like a rich guy printed on the wall, making everyone “collapse” The surreal handsome face with sharp sculptural lines of V is reflected on the wall, creating a dreamlike vision. V’s amazing bowing moment created a perfect shadow on the wall Suzy Suzy is known as the “nation’s first love” thanks to her pure, feminine and sweet appearance. At the Baeksang Art Awards 2021, through the shadow printed on the wall, she looks luxurious and noble, just like a real princess. Suzy’s beautiful figure printed on the wall is as beautiful as a work of art, not only perfect but also extremely lively and soulful. Even Suzy’s shadow exudes a goddess aura In a long dress showing off her bare back, Suzy captivated the public with her glamorous and luxurious look. Through the shadow cast on the wall, Suzy looks even more mysterious and attractive Suzy’s elegant, feminine look has been perfectly captured through the shadow on the wall “National first love” owns a beautiful, holy face and slim body. That’s why, even Suzy’s reflection on the wall is so beautiful that it makes people admire

Popular form of virtual currency today. Yesterday, May 11 can be seen as a virtual currency day when a series of anonymous and worthless coins are pumped by a stream of billionaire Mark Zuckerberg’s status. In the afternoon of the same day, the virtual currency fever began to spread rapidly in Vietnam when many Vietnamese artists posted the same status, alluding to this AquaGoat, Shiba Inu fever. Virtual money hiding multi-level ball. Virtual money or electronic money (cryptocurrency) has always been a “hot” issue since Bitcoin exploded in value around the second half of 2017 until now. The value of this coin has increased many times to more than 57,000 USD (as of the morning of December 12, 2121). Recently, many other virtual currencies also appeared and “followed” this trend, fluctuations and statements of famous people. Elon Musk – billionaire owner of Telsa company not long ago made statements that made Dogecoin virtual currency soar. In Vietnam, virtual money is also causing certain “investment fever” from amateur players. Recently, many Vietnamese celebs such as Ngoc Trinh, Kieu Minh Tuan, Nam Thu, Le Duong Bao Lam … suddenly posted status on personal Facebook pages related to this topic. “Underwear Queen” Ngoc Trinh seems to be more enthusiastic when posting 4 different statuses around virtual currency investment one day. She also showed off a photo of an account with more than 186 Bitcoin (BTC), with a school value at that time was more than 55,000 USD / BTC, Ngoc Trinh’s account exceeded 10 million USD, a number that can be called “impossible”. However, many people later claimed that the account was fake, not owned by her. The virtual money trap hits human greed. FXT is a multi-level virtual currency used by Lion Group (or Lion Team, Lion Community) to entice investors with huge commitment to profits. This incident has been City Police. Da Nang issued a warning from the beginning of February. Accordingly, Lion Group’s operations do not comply with the law, investors who lose money will not be protected by the law. About a week ago, press agencies began to reflect on the corruption and fraud of the Lion Group. A few days ago, Lion Group’s multi-level exchange disabled participants’ ability to withdraw money. That is, FXT buyers are now holding a pile of insolvent, worthless cryptocurrencies. It is worth mentioning that despite being warned in a recent week, Lion Group still hired artists to advertise for FXT in order to get the best shot. On virtual money groups, Vietnamese investors are frustrated because some artists disregard everything to make a profit based on the lack of understanding of a large part of the population. Virtual money always lurks in many different forms. Virtual money, virtual name but losing money is real. Investor Eric Vuong rated the artists’ actions as’ crime, murder without knives’. “You should only invest in coins when you know the nature of the model, or you can accept the risk of losing all the money involved,” he stressed. According to experts, the hallmark of multi-level virtual currencies is commitment of huge profits, loss covers, account fire protection, mostly only traded on small exchanges, newly established exchanges with traffic. Access mainly comes from Vietnam. These currencies usually have no information about the development team, blockchain, whitepaper or if any is fake. In this incident, the type of Forex (Foreign Exchange Market) cryptocurrency was not licensed in Vietnam. So when receiving “advertising contracts”, artists need to find out clearly to avoid breaking the law./.

A baby decorated with flowers when taking pictures. Although it has faded as digital has evolved, photographing the dead was once a huge business, a means of denouncing war crimes. The origin of the trend Currently, cameras are available on mobile devices so people can store images anytime, anywhere. However in the Victorian period, cameras were not so popular and convenient. Taking personal photos is also very expensive, so many people do not have any pictures while living. Until their death, relatives have spent a large amount of money on a photo to keep memories. Especially for families with the death of a child, it becomes more spiritual to take pictures. Early photos were often blurred, but not because of the technology of the camera at the time. Victorian cameras were capable of producing sharp images but the technology was very slow. Usually, the person being photographed must sit still for at least 20 seconds, no blinking or moving limbs. Even breathing can affect image sharpness. People are under pressure to sit or stand upright in clothes that are flat. Photographing the living person at that time was extremely difficult. On the contrary, it is easier to take pictures of the dead because they do not move or breathe or ruin the photo. Amateurs looking to improve their skills and create sharp images often find dead guests. Many people have saved a few photos while living, but because the quality of photos of dead people is usually better than those of living people, families still take pictures of them after death. This photo can show sharp details and features about the deceased. When corpses take pictures with loved ones, they also become “in focus” with sharp images while the people around them may be a little blurred. Nowadays, it seems crazy to spend large sums of money to take photos of the dead. But because today, or at least in the West, death is hidden, no longer lurking around. Modern people enjoy life to the fullest and often avoid thinking about or mentioning death. Death has become a foreign thing, a horror to them. But research from the University of North Carolina, USA, shows that during the Victorian period, human life expectancy was low while mortality was high. People have to constantly watch their relatives and friends pass away. In particular, it is common for children to die when they are young. From childhood, people have become acquainted and understood about death. The art of photographing the deceased Not only taking photos, but people want the pictures of the dead to come true and vivid as if they were just taking a nap. Death is often associated with mourning, but if you look at the Victorian photographs, the reality is the opposite. Photos of the deceased are quite beautiful. Many pictures are arranged or arranged purposefully. When photographing the dead became a major business during the Victorian era, trade magazines such as Philadelphia Photographer offered advice to “assist the amateurs in creating impressive photographs of the dead”. They suggested placing the corpse near a window to take advantage of natural light. Even so, sunlight cannot bring a corpse to life. Therefore, photographers have created many ways to make shooting the dead look more natural. After the photo was printed, they used color to paint the eyes wide to help the dead look soulful. Let the dead sit upright, loved ones can take pictures with and support their backs. Normally, it takes about three people to hold the arm, lift the dead person’s head, and some people use a support to help the dead stand upright. Families also often decorate teddy bears and toys around children to create a joyful, warm space, and comfort the little souls … However, more and more people photographing was transformed and commercialized. Celebrities died have become “prey” to the wings of photographers. They secretly attend funerals to take photos of celebrities to sell to newspapers or card printing companies in exchange for large sums of money. Many people, because of their idols or curiosity, have spent money to buy these pictures. For example, the photo of a French writer, Victor Hugo, who died looking like he was sleeping, was printed in large numbers on postcards. Soldiers died in the American Civil War. Exposure to war crimes Photographing the dead isn’t just limited to the home. When photography became popular, the American civil war broke out. Photographers have another task is to take pictures of the battlefield. In it, it is indispensable to take photos of the generals and soldiers who died in different poses, but all in all are bloody, haunting moments. War is a strange thing for people living in a peaceful area, but photography has brought war closer to everyone. The sacrifices of the soldiers denounce the cruelty and the heavy damage that war brings. War photos are displayed at photo galleries, published in newspapers or as souvenirs. They have had a strong impact on people’s awareness of war crimes, and spurred movements to restore peace. The trend disappeared In the early 20th century, photographing the dead was no longer popular because of changes in society. Thanks to the development of health care, the infant and population mortality rate has sharply decreased. From the 1900s, whether old or young, when sick, they are admitted to the hospital and may die in them without relatives. This means death takes place behind closed doors, rather than in the comfortable and open spaces of the house. Furthermore, photography has become more popular. Everyone can take pictures many times by themselves, without the need for a photographer, it is no longer feasible to take a “single and last” photo. However, photographing of the dead still exists, but for more privacy or for special purposes. In the present era, it will not be easy to see pictures of the deceased even though this trend has flourished many decades ago.

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I don’t know if you have seen a video similar to “Glass Marble Making”.

In the video, the worker master needs to heat the glass material at a high temperature and then quickly shape it in a fluid state.

Although we are across the screen, we will also sweat for the operator. After all, the bright brightness makes it very hot to look at!

However, a recent study by Science shows that Now it is possible to inject glass under low temperature conditions!

Frederik Kotz and Bastian E. Rapp of the University of Freiburg in Germany proposed a high-throughput injection molding process using silica nanocomposites.

They combined the low-temperature injection molding process (IM) with water-based degreasing and low-temperature sintering processes to develop a new glass processing technology compatible with injection molding technology, which can quickly mass produce high-precision glass products with smooth surfaces.

Processing glass is not that simple

This technological breakthrough can be said to solve the core difficulties of the current glass processing industry.

first of all, High temperature melting, castingIt has always been a problem that plagued the glass processing industry.

The high temperature requirement above 1500℃, on the one hand, causes huge energy consumption during processing (It is estimated that every ton of glass processing needs to consume 5-6 megajoules of energy); On the other hand, to a certain extent, it limits the capacity and efficiency of glass industrial processing.

Secondly, the processing of glass micro-morphology mostly uses hydrofluoric acid, laser etching, etc. The preparation process is dangerous, difficult to operate, and pollutes the environment. The shape and output that can be processed will also be limited.

How to achieve?

However, Markus Mader and others used a low-temperature injection molding process (IM) combined with a water-based degreasing and low-temperature sintering process, which just solved the above problems.

Technical core—— Injection molding process (IM)It is a kind of rapid processing technology suitable for industrialized production. It finally produces a semi-finished product with a certain shape by pressurizing, injecting, cooling, and detaching molten raw materials.

Previously, this technology was mostly used in the processing and production of polymers. This time researchers have applied it to glass processing in a breakthrough.

First, the researchers pre-mixed silica nanopowder, vinyl butyral (PVB) solution, and vinyl butyral (PEG) solution, and evaporated to obtain a thermoplastic silica composite.

Then use a twin-screw extruder to plasticize and extrude the obtained material to obtain granular raw materials;

Followed by 130°C, Injection molding at a specific pressure of 700 ~ 1000 bar, obtained Green bodysection;

Soak the green body in water at 40°C first to remove the PEG from the material, and then use high temperature to remove the remaining binder;

Finally, high-quality transparent fused silica glass is obtained by sintering in a vacuum environment at 1300°C.

Due to the optimized two-step degreasing process, the injection molded green parts (less than 2 mm in size) are converted to transparent fused silica, and only a total of 24 hours.

In addition, the researchers further used the technology to perform high-throughput manufacturing on a commercial injection molding machine (Babyplast Christmann).

It was found that even if the silica nanocomposite is fully automated injection molding with a cycle time as low as 20 seconds, it is possible to produce complex-shaped fused silica parts at the industrial production level.

More than 200 parts were produced in 18 minutes, which means One glass component can be produced every 5 seconds!

Not only that, the energy consumption of the whole process Less than 60% of traditional processing technology; And because the degreasing process is not carried out in a high temperature environment, the adhesive used in the process can still recycle and re-use.

△Frederik Kotz

Researcher Frederik Kotz said: “This method can finally get high-purity silica glass of any shape.” And said that these glass parts will eventually have Commercial telecommunications equipment and chemical reactorsThe required optical and chemical properties.

△André Studart

André Studart, a materials scientist at ETH Zurich, said that this method can lead to more new ideas.

However, he proposed that this new method of mass production of glass components still faces a bottleneck: The PEG removal process takes several days, To ensure that the glass parts will not crack.

“If this process is accelerated, glass injection molding will become as popular as plastic!”

Reference link

[1]https://science.sciencemag.org/content/372/6538/182

[2]https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/04/glass-molded-plastic-could-usher-new-era-complex-shapes

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Why is there a single storey tree house, if you can have three? This is said to be the tallest tree house in British Columbia, Canada. You can find it somewhere near Revelstoke.

2. Mirror House (Sweden)

Almost invisible and perfect for hiding, the mirror house is part of the Tree Hotel project in Northern Sweden. The mirror has a special box square structure. The 4 walls of the house are made of 4 large glass arrays that are impact resistant and anti-rough. The supports for the house are solid trunks.

3. Bird’s Nest Tree House (Sweden)

This tree house was built by the creators of the “Tree Hotel” project. Although it looked like a large bird’s nest from the outside, the house had a modern and high standard room built inside.

4. Tree house in Muskoka (Ontario, Canada)

Designed by Lukasz Kos, the 4Treehouse is built around 4 trees on Lake Muskoka in Ontario, Canada. The house floats in the air like a Japanese lantern.

5. The Minister’s Treehouse (Crossville, Tennessee, USA)

This monumental 30.48 meter structure is said to be the tallest tree house in the world and was built entirely by Horace Burgess in reclaimed wood in Crossville, Tennessee.

6. Yellow Treehouse restaurant

This restaurant in Auckland, New Zealand offers a great dining experience. The restaurant seems to be surrounded by trees and can accommodate up to 18 guests at a time.

7. Tree House Free Spirit Sphere (Canada)

Built with vision and engineering, these tree houses have the appearance of a round ball. This entire house is kept by a very complex system of ropes, along with a winding path around the tree trunk.

8. Treehouse by Takashi Kobayashi (Japan)

Takashi Kobayashi designed this tree house to “break the sense of separation that exists between man and nature.” The house is designed in a closed form with vertical walls attached to each other in a shape. Sunday box The two outside parts on the outside of the front of the house are fitted with a layer of transparent glass, and underneath the floor there is a rather large hollow opening to absorb air.The entrance is attached to a staircase. with safety cover, divided into two compartments.

9. Tree House (Ghent, Belgium)

This Belgian sculpture tree house was made for the TRACK: A Contemporary City Conversion art festival, and is a miniature version of the houses behind it.

10. Finca Bellavista tree house environmentally friendly (Costa Rica)

This treehouse is part of the sustainable and eco-friendly Finca Bellavista treehouse community in Costa Rica. All houses are connected by suspension bridges!