Documentary image of the mutiny “Munity on the Bounty”. Touching Legend Sake has the English name breadfruit, or bread fruit, because after being cooked, this fruit has a surface like a loaf of toast while the smell and taste is like a potato. The mulberry tree is a flowering, woody plant in the mulberry family. Sake is grown for fruit, with a very high yield, each tree can yield from 150 to 200 fruits per crop. Sake fruit can be processed into many delicious dishes and is loved by many people. In it, the people of the French Polynesian island still tell the legend of the famine that occurred on the island of Raiatea. The story goes that, once upon a time, a family of six, in a desperate search for food, had to eat wild ferns in the valley around the cave where they lived. Unable to see his loved ones starving, the husband told his wife that he would bury himself outside the cave and transform into a flowering tree to feed his children. One morning, the wife woke up and her husband was nowhere to be found. She knows what happened. After looking around, the wife discovered near their place a tree that grew very fast, its branches laden with sake. Hawaiian mythology also circulates a similar story about the origin of the sake plant. Accordingly, sake is derived from the sacrifice of the war god Ku. After deciding to live in seclusion from the common people as a farmer, Ku married and had children. His family lived happily until a famine hit their island. When he could not see his children suffering forever, Ku told his wife that he could free his children from poverty, but to do this he had to leave them. His wife reluctantly agreed and after she agreed, Ku was sunk into the ground where he was standing until only the top of his head could be seen. His family waited around the place where he had stood day and night, crying and drenching the ground until suddenly a small tree bud appeared in the very spot where Ku had stood. Very quickly, this small bud grew into a tall, leafy tree and fruit. The Ku family and their neighbors ate deliciously, helping them escape starvation. This plant is the sake tree. The fruit of the sake in Africa. Today, this place is called Mahina but many locals still call it Tua-uru (meaning sake valley). Currently, the sake fruit, also known as the uru fruit as the locals call it, is an important part of the people’s diet and their culture. On the island of Polynesia, wherever you go, you will see tall trees with waxy leaves, sometimes heavy with fruit, each the size of a ball or maybe larger. Sake fruits are used to decorate roadsides and houses. In the market stalls, round and rectangular Sake fruits are lined up next to coconuts, bananas, soursop and passion fruit. On the more than 100 islands that make up the archipelago of French Polynesia, sake is a staple food. The name of this fruit comes from the fact that when it is ripe, this fruit contains a lot of pulp, if cooked, it will smell like freshly baked bread. The riper the Sake fruit, the sweeter it is and can be processed in many ways such as finely ground, boiled, grilled or fried with the pulp, even eaten fresh. Some locals call it the “Tree of Life” because it is so useful, both the fruit and the young leaves are edible; Wood is very light, can be used to build houses and make canoes. The bark is even used to make clothes. The Sake tree has been brought by the Polynesians and planted in their explorations throughout the South Pacific for thousands of years. When British explorers learned about this highly productive and nutritious fruit, it was taken around the world. Today, the sake plant is found in many tropical low-lying areas in more than 90 countries. Legendary mutiny Referring to this fruit, many people will immediately remember the mutiny that happened more than 200 years ago. Number is, in 1768, when Captain James Cook set sail aboard the British Royal Navy ship HMS Endeavor, British botanist Sir Joseph Banks also followed. During that three-year expedition, they stopped for about three months in Tahiti, Polynesia. Here, when witnessing the rapid growth of the Sake tree, which requires little care and produces a very high yield of starchy fruit, the two were quickly intrigued by the prospect that this fruit would eventually be used for food. slave farming in the West Indies region of the Caribbean. Upon his return to England, Mr Banks – who later became President of the Royal Society, the world’s oldest national scientific organization – presented King George III with their findings. The botanist even offered a prize to anyone who succeeded in transporting 1,000 sachets from Tahiti to the West Indies. Nearly 20 years after Captain Cook’s original expedition, King George III appointed Navy Captain William Bligh to lead the Sake expedition, to Tahiti. On November 28, 1787, Captain Bligh sailed with his crew aboard the HMS Bounty for an ambitious mission. Their journey had a rough start. Heavy rain and strong winds caused the trip to be significantly delayed. Once they reached Tahiti, Mr. Bligh and his crew had to wait another 5 months for the trees there to be big enough to be taken away. However, by this time, new problems arose as Bligh’s sailors had become accustomed to island life and Tahitian women. Many of them don’t want to leave. So on April 29, 1789, just a month after crossing the South Pacific to the West Indies, his friend Fletcher Christian and 18 other disgruntled sailors forced Bligh and his supporters to board a boat. 7m long boat and pushed them out to sea, throwing all the sake trees on that boat to rob the ship. This mutiny on the Bounty has become a legend. Bligh and his crew miraculously survived thanks to their instincts and great memory. It was thanks to this excellent memory and instinct that the Captain and his crew were able to travel 3,618 nautical miles (approximately 6,701 km) in 48 days, reaching Timor – an island located in Southeast Asia. From there, Bligh quickly returned to England, where he was honored and acquitted of all wrongdoing. Two years later, he once again sailed to Tahiti and this time he fulfilled his mission. In fact, some of the trees believed to have been brought by Bligh in the early days are still bearing fruit in Jamaica.

Being passionate about plants and sticking to plant research, especially flowering plants, TS. Do Van Truong , Vietnam Museum of Nature, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, famous scientist for many discoveries for new species, dedicates his youth to focus on research in this field. TS. Do Van Truong on a field trip. Along with the professional work such as biodiversity research, plant resources … an important part of the TS’s indispensable work. Do Van Truong and colleagues to find and identify new species for science. And each new finding is published is a special story with lots of sweat and tears. TS. Do Van Truong recalled that in 2017, when he was on a field research trip in Kom Tum, he was on his way back to Nha Trang and happened to be surfing on Facebook and saw a young friend posting a picture of a tree wildly. See photo, TS. Do Van Truong saw that this was a very strange tree, never seen before. Immediately exceed 200 km to enter Binh Dinh area and approach strange trees. Arrived, TS. Do Van Truong received guidance from a local resident and confirmed that it only took half a day to both go and return. So at 10:00 a.m. the group set off with their inventory of a few loaves of bread for a makeshift lunch in the woods. As expected, about 2 hours later, we have reached the place where there are strange trees. The team was very happy and spent an hour observing, describing, recording, and collecting samples of strange plants to study. Due to the fact that indigenous people have a clear understanding of the terrain in the area, the group decided that when they returned, they would not return to the old road but approach another forest area to find a trail back to the village. However, the more you get lost. 5:00 pm, darkness collapses, only 2 small biscuits left, the phone has no waves, cold weather and small rain. The group decided to stop and approach the nearest mountain to hope for phone waves, because according to many years of experience in the jungle, TS. The more you know, the more you get lost and lose your energy. Hunger, cold, and even panic occasionally rekindled. 5am ​​the next morning, TS. Do Van Truong and his colleagues decided to go back to the old way. The group went continuously for 5 hours to reach a large stream flowing back to the village and met two communal militiamen who were on a mission to “find stray scientists”. As it turned out, during the night, many of the people in the village were unable to sleep because of their anxiety. The police, the military, even professional hunters were mobilized to find you. “It was a memorable trip in life. Hungry, thirsty, arriving in tattered clothes. Luckily, this strange tree was later researched and identified as genus (Michaelmoelleria F.Wen, YGWei & TVDo, gen. Nov.) And plant species (Michaelmoelleria vietnamensis F.Wen, ZBXin & TVDo, sp. nov.) new to world science ”Dr. Do Van Truong said Michaelmoelleria vietnamensis F.Wen, ZBXin & TVDo, sp. nov. The feeling of a winner TS. Do Van Truong added a memory, that is in 2018, during a trip to investigate and survey the flora of Vu Quang National Park (Ha Tinh), on the way back, colleagues discovered a tall vines. , beautiful flowers immediately take it and send it to you. At this time, TS. Do Van Truong is working in China, when he received the photo, he had a premonition that this was a very strange plant in his group. TS. Do Van Truong on a field trip When he returned home, he decided to find this vine. By the end of 2020, TS. Do Van cooperated with Vu Quang National Park to conduct a field trip to an area where strange plants were recorded before. This is a dangerous terrain and very far from the ranger station, so the group decided to sleep in the forest with determination to “hunt” with strange trees. At 6 am, the group will start their journey from the ranger station until 4pm to reach the desired area. However, within a radius of 1 km where colleagues used to take pictures, PhD. The red-eyed field still cannot see vines or regenerated seedlings of strange plants. TS. Truong commented that it is possible that individuals of strange plants have died due to the strong impact of previous droughts. At 5:30 it was dark, the group decided to camp, rest and drink wine for the sad: “Quiet space, darkness covered, and depressed mood. That feeling, I still remember until now ”, TS. Do Van Truong recalls. 7:30 the next morning, TS. Do Van Truong decided to search again, in the hope that the tree has flowers, that is to bear fruit, and is a source of seeds for regenerating seedlings. This is an area where the forest is not affected, definitely the trees are just around somewhere. He went back and forth many times, digging through the forest ropes, he finally found, it was a tree trunk lying hidden in a large cluster of trees. “At that time, she was sweaty and tired. But the feeling of victory is great ”. Up to now, on the basis of the results of analysis and research, PhD. The school has confirmed that this is a new plant species for world science, named: Aristolochia vuquangensis TVDo, sp.nov. Aristolochia vuquangensis TVDo, sp.nov. Fruit for efforts Hard, even dangerous, however, TS. Do Van Truong has received “sweet fruits”. In the period 2010-2020, PhD. Do Van Truong and colleagues have discovered and described 1 genus and 28 new species of higher plants for world science, of which 1 genus and 22 species were discovered and described in Vietnam. Also in the period from 2010-2020, PhD. Do Van Truong and colleagues have published a total of 26 scientific works describing new plant species in international journals. In which, 23 works were published in prestigious international magazines. According to TS. Do Van Truong, research to discover and describe new species for science, especially newly discovered species in Vietnam is of great significance. The first is to highlight the role and importance of biodiversity in Vietnam, which is a solid scientific basis for classification for conservation and application research. learning, probiotics …). In addition, scientists initially researched, propagated and successfully conserved a number of new species. This is an important basis to conduct research activities to develop precious plant genetic resources in Vietnam for the needs of use (medicinal herbs, ornamental plants, food for insects …), making an important contribution to the process. process of conservation and sustainable development of wild plant species. There are many concerns Being enthusiastic and pursuing plant research for many years, PhD. Do Van Truong said that he himself still has a lot of concerns. “Vietnam is a country with high biodiversity, but we do not have an in-depth research program on Vietnam’s flora. This is very unfortunate. We hope that there will be a unit with sufficient expertise and international relations to conduct a methodical and extensive research on the flora of Vietnam ”, PhD. Do Van Truong confided. One more concern of TS. Do Van Truong, that is attracting young people to participate in plant research. Part of the reason is that basic research is always a “silent” industry that has not been given adequate attention and investment. Moreover, the difficult life makes many young people who graduated from school are not eager to do research but turn to another direction. “If this situation continues, not knowing after 10-20 years, who will we marry to continue our work”. Invite readers to watch the video: Urgently clarify the cause of the son-in-law shooting, the wife’s parents died and then committed suicide. Source ANTV.

Coffee stenophylla is said to have a great taste. Photo: RBG KEW. In the dense rainforest of Sierra Leone, scientists have rediscovered a species of coffee that has disappeared in the wild for decades. This is a plant that can help ensure the future of coffee, which is already affected by climate change. In 2050, climate change halves coffee production On April 19, researchers said, this coffee tree has a name Coffea stenophylla , is able to withstand higher temperatures than Arabica coffee accounts for 56% and Robusta coffee accounts for 43% of global production. Stenophylla has been shown to have a premium taste, similar to Arabica. Botanist Aaron Davis, who leads research on the anti-climate change stenophylla coffee. Photo: Inews. Botanist Aaron Davis, who led the study published in the journal Nature Plants , said, before disappearing, stenophylla plants were grown in regions of West Africa and exported to Europe until the early 20th century. According to Mr. Davis, the stenophylla coffee tree has not been seen in the wild in Sierra Leone since 1954 and in the Ivory Coast since the 1980s. This is given as an evidence. Climate change is a pressing concern for the billion-dollar coffee industry. Many coffee farmers around the world are experiencing the negative effects of this phenomenon. The taste of Arabica is considered excellent and offers a higher price than robusta, which is mainly used for instant and blended coffee. But Arabica has a limited tolerance to climate change, and research has shown that global production of this coffee can drop by at least 50% by mid-century. The fruit of the stenophylla tree is dark black. Photo: Reuters. Unlike the red and sometimes yellow berries of Arabica and robusta, the stenophylla fruit is dark black. The coffee beans are inside the fruit. The stenophylla coffee grows at an average annual temperature of 24.9 ° C, 1.9 ° C higher than Robusta and up to 6.8 ° C higher than that, the researchers said. arabica coffee. Rediscovered stenophylla “proves the future” of the coffee industry Dr Davis said the rediscovery of stenophylla could help “prove the future” of the coffee industry, to support the economies of some tropical countries and provide livelihoods for more than 100 million farmers. people. Stenophylla can be used with minimal domestication, as a high value coffee for farmers in warmer climates. “In the long run, stenophylla provides us with an important resource for breeding a new generation of climate resistant coffee, as it has great taste and good heat resistance. “If historical reports on coffee leaf rust resistance and drought tolerance are believed to be correct, this will be a useful asset for coffee plant breeding”, Mr. Davis added. This study also included the evaluation of 18 coffee tasters on the taste of stenophylla species. A small sample of this coffee bean has been roasted and made into coffee, then enjoyed by a group of coffee connoisseurs. The report showed that more than 80% of the judges were unable to distinguish the difference between Stenophylla and Arabica when tasted. Accordingly, this species has a complex flavor, with a natural sweetness, high average acidity, and a fruity taste when sipping in the mouth. The rediscovered stenophylla grows wild in Sierra Leone. Photo: RBG KEW. From December 2018, Dr. Davis and study co-author Jeremy Haggar of the University of Greenwich and coffee developer Daniel Sarmu searched wild stenophylla in Sierra Leone, where it is historically grown as a coffee tree about a century ago. Initially, they discovered a single tree in central Sierra Leone. They then discovered a healthy population of wild stenophylla some 140 kilometers southeast of Sierra Leone. “Both sites are tropical rainforest, but stenophylla tends to appear on drier, more open areas: ridges, slopes, and rocky areas,” said Dr. Davis. According to Davis, stenophylla is threatened with extinction amid massive deforestation in three countries where it is growing wild: Sierra Leone, Guinea and Ivory Coast. “I think we are extremely optimistic about the future,” said Jeremy Torz, co-founder of the Union Hand-Roasted Coffee special coffee business in East London, which hosts the tasting of the coffee. stenophylla can deliver ”. Dr. Davis hopes one day that stenophylla will be re-grown in Sierra Leone on a large scale. “I think within five to seven years we will see stenophylla enter the market as a niche, high-value coffee, and then I think it will be more popular,” he said.

The new coffee variety Coffea Stenophylla has been forgotten for decades and has just been rediscovered. Photo: Reuters. In the dense rainforests of Sierra Leone, scientists have rediscovered a new species of coffee that has not been seen in the wild for decades – a species they think could help secure the future. of valuable items but are being affected by climate change. On April 19, researchers announced that the new coffee species, Coffea stenophylla, was more resistant to temperatures than Arabica (56% of global production) and Robusta (43%). ). Stenophylla has been shown to taste superb, they added, to be similar to Arabica. Botanist Aaron Davis, who led the study, was published in the journal Nature Plants According to the report, the new species of coffee Stenophylla was grown in parts of West Africa and exported to Europe until the early 20th century, and then abandoned after Robusta coffee was popularized. Many farmers around the world coffee belt are experiencing the negative effects of climate change – a pressing concern for a multibillion-dollar industry. The taste of Arabica coffee is considered excellent and offers a higher price than Robusta, which is mainly used for the production of instant and blended coffee. But Arabica coffee is less resistant to climate change. Research has shown that its global output could decline by at least 50% by the middle of this century. Stenophylla grows at an average annual temperature of 24.9 degrees C – 1.9 degrees C higher than Robusta and up to 6.8 degrees C higher than Arabica, the researchers said. . The rediscovery of Stenophylla coffee could help in the “future proof” of the coffee industry that supports the economies of some tropical countries and provides livelihoods for more than 100 million farmers, Mr. Davis – coffee research team leader at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – said. “The idea is that Stenophylla can be used with minimal domestication, as a high value coffee for farmers in warmer climates,” he said. Stenophylla coffee provided us with an important resource for breeding a new generation of climate-resistant coffee trees, as it has excellent taste and high heat resistance. “If historical reports on the coffee’s resistance to rust (a fungus that ravaged coffee trees in Central and South America – PV) and the coffee plant’s drought tolerance is correct, then it is.” This means that it becomes even more useful to propagate the coffee plant, “Davis added. The study included taste assessments with 18 coffee tasters. Stenophylla has been found to have a complex flavor, with a natural sweetness, a medium high acidity, and a fruity taste when felt in the mouth. In December 2018, Davis and study co-author Jeremy Haggar of the University of Greenwich and coffee developer Daniel Sarmu looked for Stenophylla in nature. Initially, they discovered a single tree in central Sierra Leone. About 140 km (87 miles) southeast of Sierra Leone, they found a healthy population of Stenophylla. “Both sites are rainforest, but Stenophylla tends to appear on drier, more open areas: ridges, steep slopes and rocky areas,” Davis claims. Stenophylla has not been seen in the wild in Sierra Leone since 1954 and anywhere since the 1980s in Ivory Coast, he added. Stenophylla is threatened with extinction amid massive deforestation in three countries where it is known to grow wild: Sierra Leone, Guinea and Ivory Coast, the study’s new study author wrote. Unlike the red and sometimes yellow fruit of Arabica and Robusta, the fruit of the Stenophylla tree is dark black. The coffee beans are inside the fruit. Jeremy Torz, co-founder of Union Hand-Ro Rang Coffee special coffee business in East London, where part of the flavor test took place, said: “I think we are extremely optimistic about the future Stenophylla can bring “.