Volume of eight billion euros Immediate climate program decided

Status: 23.06.2021 12:01 p.m.

The federal cabinet has launched an emergency program for climate protection. The program has a volume of eight billion euros – the promotion of energy-efficient buildings is the largest item. The federal government has decided on a so-called immediate program for climate protection worth a good eight billion euros. The program is part of the federal budget for 2022, presented by Federal Finance Minister Olaf Scholz. The climate finance plan is intended to help promote the switch to climate-friendly technologies and to achieve the federal government’s new climate targets.

Largest amount for energy-efficient buildings

The package of measures includes around three dozen funding programs for investments, for example in the building, energy and transport sectors, most of which will be allocated to the years 2022 and 2023. With 4.5 billion euros in the next two years, the largest sum is to go into promoting energy-efficient buildings. A total of one billion euros will also be earmarked for climate-friendly social housing in the coming years; 150 million euros should be available for this in 2022. The plan also includes the plan to raise the minimum energy standards for new buildings.

Hundreds of millions for climate protection contracts

The federal government intends to provide another larger amount – 650.2 million euros – for climate protection agreements with industry. These contracts are state funding programs that are intended to offset the additional costs for climate-friendly production, for example for the use of green hydrogen. The steel industry is to receive 100 million euros for converting its blast furnaces to hydrogen-based production processes. The total funding for industry amounts to 860 million euros. There are also more than a billion more for traffic. For example, more than 300 million euros have been budgeted for the expansion of the cycling infrastructure.

Scholz speaks of “money well invested”

After the cabinet decision, the Federal Finance Minister spoke of a “clear signal”: Germany should “become a pioneer in climate protection”. He praised the plan as “money well spent”. Man-made climate change is “the greatest challenge of our time”, continued Scholz.

In the past two years, the federal government had already invested more than 80 billion euros in climate protection projects. The financial plan that has now been adopted is a template for the coming legislative period. Only then can the Bundestag deal with it again within the framework of budget deliberations and adopt the program

Solutions against heat Planning solution In the past, our ancestors had a saying: “Get a gentle wife to make a house facing south”. It is a very natural and simple way of planning to avoid the direction that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. The south direction is the direction to catch the cool wind, avoiding the radiation of the sun. Of course it is a folk house in the village-rural structure. Modern urban areas depend on many other factors, so it is not possible to completely choose the direction for the project. This is not to say that the direction is dependent. Where possible, the orientation of the building should be optimized. The Vietnamese standard on heat protection for houses clearly states: “For houses, try to arrange so that the west-east side of the house has the smallest surface area to limit solar radiation”. As with clusters of works or complexes of works, it is necessary to design a reasonable total ground, giving priority to good orientation for mainstream works, works with higher heat resistance requirements such as living and working places. Environmental and ecological solutions This solution is associated with the planning solution. This is also a solution that our ancestors have applied very thoroughly in traditional architecture. Trees, water surface are always indispensable elements, accompanying the architecture. Trees create shade, prevent and cover architectural surfaces from solar radiation. The water surface (pond, lake, aquarium …) and green trees regulate the climate, making the environment cooler and cleaner. Under conditions of unsaturated air humidity, the water surface always has the phenomenon of evaporation. Water evaporation is an endothermic process, so it causes the ambient temperature to drop. Trees and water surface are attached to natural land; All have low emissivity, which are effective factors for overall heat resistance, with a large range of influence. Currently, in many urban areas, the ratio of trees, water surface to construction works is at an alarming rate, plus other areas are concretized at a high level (yard, summer, parking lot). …). The surfaces of these materials have high emissivity, causing the air environment to heat up significantly. Architectural solutions This is considered the broadest and most flexible solution. The architectural solution is the combination of the ground and the building block, the design of a reasonable cover structure to limit the surface exposed to the sun – avoid radiation, or reduce the heat conduction in the material, enhance thermal convection. The basic architectural solutions are as follows: Reasonable ground layout, prioritizing main spaces to avoid contact with sun-catching surfaces; push the extra spaces such as stairs, storage, toilet to that side. Create setbacks, negative spaces such as halls, loggias, technical slots, etc. to avoid solar radiation entering the main space surface. Use side shading structures installed outside the enclosure (walls) to reduce radiation and heat conduction. In traditional folk architecture, many places have a bamboo mat on the veranda. This element has been applied a lot in modern architecture with different forms and different materials. Facade complex with “rigid structures” to block the sun; attached to the bearing structure and cover. Usually it is an umbrella, vertical and horizontal sunshades. In the 70-80s, this type of architecture was very developed – especially in the category of administrative and office buildings. Those designs are carefully studied in terms of architectural physics according to the climate and solar chart of each locality. Build thick walls, box walls (hollow), use insulation materials (hollow bricks, insulation panels, 3D panels, aerated aggregate concrete…) for the covering structure. The door design is reasonable in terms of location and materials. These solutions are all based on the principle of reducing radiation and conduction of heat from the outside. Use heat-resistant materials for roofs such as woven panels, brick holes, corrugated iron roofs (for flat and concrete roofs), use heat-insulated false ceilings (for sloping, tiled roofs). This solution must pay special attention to the problem of ventilation for the air mass between the two roof layers. Reduce the emissivity of the building surface with plants, such as growing vines on the wall, garden design – water surface on the roof. This is a pretty good aesthetic solution, but there are certain changes over time. Organize the premises, design the location and structure the door reasonably; design courtyard, skylight to enhance air convection. The goal is for the hot air to escape up and out, making room for the lower heat mass. Technical solution Air conditioners (Air conditioners): Considered modern, and easy to deploy applications. However, air conditioners also reveal certain disadvantages. First of all, this solution consumes significant energy resources, and affects the environment. According to the principle of thermal balance, to reduce the temperature in the room, it increases the outside temperature by the same amount of heat. Besides, air conditioners are difficult to meet for open spaces, too large spaces. Ventilation: In addition to natural convection, forced ventilation is considered an effective solution to combat heat when natural convection is not effective. Properly designed ventilation systems will contribute to heat resistance, and should be taken advantage of – combined with architectural solutions such as skylights. Spraying water, misting: Misting systems have recently been deployed to many applications, in public spaces such as restaurants, and even houses. Spraying water and mist creates the phenomenon of evaporating water and collecting heat, while enhancing air convection. In addition, the pressure of water spray, mist creates cool air movement (will be discussed in the next section). In addition, homeowners can also use specialized heat-resistant paint for the surface of the building, which is also an effective anti-heat solution.

Where do skyscrapers come from? Historically, high-rise buildings have been the place to preserve the value of a great religion or empire. For example, the Giza pyramid complex – built to house the tomb of Pharaoh Khufu – used to be more than 145 meters high. It was the tallest man-made structure for nearly 4,000 years, before being surpassed by the 160-meter-tall Lincoln Cathedral in the 14th century. Other ancient structures such as the Potala Palace of Tibet or the monasteries of Athos were all built on top of the mountain, with man’s ambition to touch closer to heaven. However, according to CNN, the definition of “high-rise building”, the forerunner of skyscrapers, was only really born in the 20th century. Famous architect Richard Rogers once said that the 20th century was unified. Ruled by innovation and science, with powerful impacts in every sector, including construction. According to Carol Willis, director of New York’s Skyscraper Museum, in the late 1800s, industrialization pushed urban populations and land prices up, prompting large-capacity buildings to be built in Limited space becomes the optimal solution to save costs. Meanwhile, the American technological revolution from 1880 to 1890 saw an explosion of new inventions, helping architects to build taller, stronger buildings. The birth of the Bessemer steelmaking method allowed the design of the frame to be taller and more flexible than the cast iron of the previous era. The newly invented water system has helped buildings to break the strict 23 meter height limit that was in place to control fire risk. In particular, the patent for AC power has allowed electric elevators to operate at a height of up to 10 floors. Thanks to that, in the 1880s, the first generation of skyscrapers officially appeared in Chicago and New York. Thanks to that, America, the land of dreams, is believed to be the birthplace of modern skyscrapers. Architects Louis Sullivan and Dankmar Adler first coined the term “high-rise office building” in 1896. Accordingly, based on Renaissance architecture, the buildings were built up to 10 floors. with the first two floors being the main hall and stalls, some services located in the basement, the upper floors “stacked”, ending with a roof or attic placed on top, with a piping system. vertical conductor linking the building to the power source, heat. Later, the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat (CTBUH) maintained a set of criteria for defining tall buildings, defining it as a multi-storey structure designed for residential and commercial use. or manufacturing operations. Built after the great fire of 1871, the 12-story Home Insurance building in Chicago – completed in 1884 by William Le Baron Jenney – is now considered the first high-rise of the industrial era. In the next 100 years since the inauguration of the Home Insurance building, the United States has always been the “gathering” of the world’s tallest buildings. In New York alone, the world’s tallest building record was broken six times between 1908 and 1931 – with the height of the structures having doubled, from the Singer Building to the Building Empire State. Burj Khalifa, the tallest building in the world today, a symbol of the pinnacle of modern skyscraper architecture. Photo: CNN. Why do skyscrapers exist? After just over a century, domination of the “skyscraper” market has gradually shifted from the US to the Eastern Hemisphere. Malaysia was the first country to break the US record for the tallest buildings in the world when the Petronas Twin Towers were completed in 1998. The Taipei 101 building of Taiwan, China is the next building to hold this record, starting in 2004. Currently, the 163-storey Burj Khalifa, which rises more than 800 meters above the Dubai sky, has become the New symbol of the world’s skyscrapers arena. CNN points out that, more than the purpose of building offices or houses, more than demonstrating the economic and technological levers that profoundly affect construction architecture, skyscrapers like Petronas or Burj Khalifa are also is a symbol for “I” – a measure of brand value. In a report presented at the 2007 CIB World Tall Buildings Conference, expert Eldemery Ibrahim said that the development of tall buildings is also a symbol of power, status, and prestige. As analyst Sorkin in his Architectural Record once wrote, “the historic race to the sky reveals the contrast of tradition and modernity, influencing ‘structure’, even culture, and politics. of a land”. Not only that, the official website of the Burj Khalifa Building, confidently asserts: “Not only is the tallest building in the world, Burj Khalifa is also an unprecedented example of international cooperation, a symbol of prosperity. progressive and a symbol of a new, dynamic and prosperous Middle East. More than that, it is tangible evidence of Dubai’s growing role in a changing world.” Also, today, it is a fact that not all the space inside the skyscrapers is used. The term “vanity height” was coined by CTBUH in 2013 to describe just that, describing the height difference between the top of a skyscraper and the highest usable floor. According to CTBUH, about 29% of the area of ​​the Burj Khalifa Building has a frivolous height. Nine other high-rise buildings in the US, China and the UAE also had a height unavailable ratio of 28% to 36%. According to CTBUH, 61% of the world’s skyscrapers would lose their super-tall building status without this frivolous height. This makes the media, including many big names like BBC, Daily Telegraph and some architectural experts doubt the necessity of building skyscrapers, when it does not necessarily meet the purpose. Initially, the high-rise buildings aimed at serving people’s needs. However, a remark made by architect Louis Sullivan in 1896 somewhat overturned these doubts: “What is the principal characteristic of a high-rise office building? It was lofty arrogance. That should be the height. Power and strength must be there, aura and arrogance must be there. It has to be a proud subject and soars to every inch, straight from bottom to top as a single unit without a single line of deviance.” The number of skyscrapers will decrease in 2020 because of the COVID-19 pandemic. Photo: CNN. New definition of “skyscrapers” in life “new normal”? In 2014, the world entered a period of boom in the number of skyscrapers, with nearly 100 buildings over 200 meters tall being built. According to research site The Towel Info, in recent years, developed countries have emerged as centers of new generation high-rise buildings, especially in urban areas of Japan or China, where An inch of land is more precious than gold. According to CTBUH, 191 “ultra-tall” skyscrapers – a term that describes buildings at least 300 meters tall – have been completed. Although skyscrapers started out as an American phenomenon, the Middle East and Asia – especially China – currently dominate the skyscraper construction market. CTBUH data shows that China accounts for more than half of all new skyscrapers built in 2020 that are 200 meters or more in height, while Dubai has more new skyscrapers by far than any other city. other. However, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic seems to be slowing down the racing track of skyscrapers, because the higher the number of floors, the higher the construction cost. According to CNN, all buildings reach a limit where adding an extra floor will cost more to build than it will make in profit. William Clark and John Kingston – two economists and architects – once asserted in 1930 that the maximum profit height for a skyscraper in New York in 1920 was no more than 63 stories. Thus, buildings that exceed the ceiling height (from time to time) will show that investors are overestimating the profits that can be obtained from the construction of new buildings. So far, that’s still true. For the same reason, in 2020, the number of new skyscrapers built globally will decrease by more than 20%. CTBUH attributed this drop to COVID-19, when projects around the world were “paused” because of the persistently imposed blockade and distance orders. “As tall buildings often depress economic indicators, any impact that economic conditions or market disruptions might have on projects that are just starting, or under construction in 2020, will be visible,” said CTBUH. “It must be remembered that the economic crisis of 2008 was not hastily reflected, but the decline in building construction was only recorded until 2010 and 2011,” the CTBUH report said, warning. about the risk of delay, even stopping the progress of a series of skyscrapers due to the decrease in investment capital because of the pandemic. However, CNN still believes that the records of skyscrapers will continue to be broken, because their value lies not only in return on investment, but also in prestige and brand. “The role of skyscrapers is divided into two halves,” explains Hong Kong-based architect Simon Chan, because “every city wants to have a landmark that offers a distinct cultural feel, rather than a settlement. mere material needs”.

Floating Seahorse, Dubai: This villa is designed in the theme of a houseboat with 3 floors. The upper 2 floors are completely floating on the water and 1 floor is completely submerged below the sea surface. Brought in by Kleindienst Group and design specialists, the villa is part of the Heart of Euro resort on the Dubai coast. For the outer hull, the architects used three main materials: tempered glass, steel and acrylic sheet. However, attaching the hull and acrylic panels is a challenge that requires a flexible and durable mounting material. There are only 3 companies in the world that provide this material for the technological requirements of the project. The villa consists of 2 bedrooms under the sea, an outside terrace for sunbathing and a roof made from Jacuzzi glass. About 50 such floating houses will welcome visitors by the end of this year and 131 villas are planned Expected to be completed in 2017. The floor-to-ceiling glass panel is only 9.5cm thick, making you feel like there is no distance between you and the ocean outside. However, the glass is not resistant to underwater pressure, instead acrylic material has been used because of its durability and transparency like glass. Inspired by the mystery of the sea, Kleindienst researched underwater projects for decades until his dream came true in 2008 as part of the seaside project “The World”. Dubai. This floating house was designed by Singaporean architect Dymitr Malcew. Each part of the house is very solid with pure water system and electricity generated from solar panels. When designing the Floating Horse villa, one of Dymitr Malcew’s main purposes was to complete the surrounding area of ​​the house. Inspired by nature, the design aims to highlight the natural setting with transparent walls like glass and wooden frames. The villa can rise and fall to the rhythm of the tide, designed by architect Dymitr. The house is built on a steel buoy floating on the water. An engine installed in the house allows its owner to travel the world and still feel at home. Citadel, Westland: This is an ambitious project by Dutch designers and the Citadel is Europe’s first floating building. As part of the New Water project, which includes the construction of 6 floating buildings, the designs are all geared towards adapting to floods and rising sea levels. The building consists of 180 compartments built on a concrete foundation that can float on water. Additionally, with its highly efficient design, the building consumes 25 percent less energy than a typical building of the same size. Randall T. Fennell, Portland: Crafted from red cedar, Randall T. Fennell sits gracefully by the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon. The roof is carved to create curves like water waves, making the house more eye-catching and attractive. Beams and beams are added to the design, along with a delicately curved wooden roof. The private deck leads to an outdoor patio with a great location to watch the sunset. The space inside the house is 200 square meters with a design like a sail and white walls. A large floor-to-ceiling window allows the occupants to enjoy the views over the river.

Floatwing: This floating house is not only sturdy, but also portable around the world. Floatwing has been built from the ideas of a group of designers Friday SA. With a detachable, modular structure, you can transport your home where you want it. Floatwing also has a wine cellar, BBQ area and roof terrace. Talking about the solidity of the house, the architects used environmentally friendly materials such as wood, plastic cork. In addition, the electricity consumed is also taken advantage of by solar energy. Floating House Lake Huron, Ontario: Located in the Great Lakes, this floating house is built on a steel pontoon boat that can float up and down according to the lake level. Inspired by the surrounding landscape, the house is designed with natural colors. Inside the house are white walls and large windows that can look out to the outside. Lake Union Float Home, Seattle: is part of a collection of unique floating houses in Seattle. Inspired by the warehouses on the ports of the previous centuries, the architects created a modern house with classic features such as beams, steel beams, concrete columns or spiral stairs. snails. UFO: These are not images of imagination at all, but man-made ships with fiberglass structures. These floating spherical houses can reach the highest speed in the world. about 3-5 nautical miles. The hull is made of fiberglass and is protected by seals that help keep the ship afloat and stable on the water. An Italian company is behind these designs and they claim the ship will never sink even in rough seas. UFO can even be “self-sufficient” because it can turn salt water and rain into drinkable water. This UFO house also uses solar energy and water turbines to generate electricity. Watervilla Weesperzijde, Amsterdam: Located on Amsterdam’s Amstel river. This luxury villa has an all-glass front and a terrace running the length of the house. This is also an extremely modern house for those who are connoisseurs of technology. Watervilla de Omval, Amsterdam: Floating houses are nothing new in the Netherlands because many areas are below sea level and there is always a risk of flooding. The 2120 square feet (197 square meter) home features rounded corners, a glass front and a roof terrace for viewing the surroundings. ParkArk Oog – in – Al, Utrecht: Huge windows and skylights fill the whole house with natural light. Muntboot Utrecht, Utrecht: Muntboot is located on a peaceful canal of Utrecht, a Dutch city. This split-level house can also be turned into a work of art thanks to the inclined wooden slats with different widths creating the facade architecture and depth for the house.

Located behind a thick iron door in the lobby of the building, the bunker ensures the safety of the building’s residents in the event of attacks. While some residents have their own private cellars in their homes, shared shelters in the lobby of buildings can help anyone, even passersby, quickly enter. Usually, this bunker is locked and becomes the people’s storage. However, when there is an emergency situation, the main door will be opened. Each building resident has a key to the bunker. Inside, residents leave luggage bags containing essential supplies such as water, snacks and spare batteries to be able to sustain life for a period of time. The cellar also installed two air conditioners to ensure air for people sheltering inside. The bunker has only one window and is surrounded by an “iron wall”. From the moment the rocket was launched from the Gaza Strip, the people of Tel Aviv had about two minutes to get to the shelter. Meanwhile, those who are closer, such as those living in the cities of Ashkelon or Sderot near the Gaza Strip, have less than 30 seconds to reach safety. Israel’s Iron Dome missile defense system is said to be able to intercept about 90% of incoming missiles, but the constant rain of rockets from Gaza in recent days seems to pose a challenge. defense system that Israel has always been proud of.

A strange curvy house in the city of Jesse, in the state of Indiana in the United States. Lu Ruvo Brain Research Center (Las Vegas, USA) designed by architect Frank Gehry with special distorted shape. Vitra Design Museum, Weil am Rhein, Germany. Olympic Pavilion in Barcelona resembles a goldfish. The project is 56m long and 35m high by architect Frank Gehry. Habitat Housing Complex, Canada. With a theme of the sea, Frank Gehry’s Louis Vuitton Fondation building is covered with 12 rolling glass sails. Dance Building is the nickname given to refer to the Nationale-Nederlanden building in downtown Prague, Czech Republic. Concert Hall, Tenerife, Spain has the highest roof up to 50m. The Guggenheim Bilbao Museum is a museum of modern and contemporary art designed by Canadian-American architect Frank Gehry. As part of the Rezydent shopping mall, the Krzywy Domek (Crooked House) in Sopot, Poland, is designed with curving curves. Weisman Museum of Art, Minneapolis, USA looks like a fortress of steel. Strange upside-down building in WonderWorks, Tennessee, USA. Marta Herford Museum, Herford, Germany looks like a soft sculpture. Theater The Richard B. Fisher, New York, USA has impressive exterior architecture with silver wavy lines, in harmony with the natural green outside space. Biomuseo, Panama designed by KTSFrank Gehry, built on an area of ​​4000 square meters, the museum includes 8 galleries. “The Great Elephant” is a unique elephant mobile building in Nantes city (France). With its robot-like structure, the building can accommodate up to 50 people.

The penetrating swimming pool hangs between two high-rise buildings in England Transparent swimming pool is located between two apartment buildings in Ambassador Gardens, Nine Elms of London, England. The designer named the project ‘swimming pool in the sky’ true to the feeling when the experience of swimming in a transparent swimming pool hovered about 35 meters from the ground. Swimming pool is 25 meters long, 3.3 meters deep, frames made of Acrylic, can hold up to 148,000 gallons of water, equivalent to about 560,240 liters of water. With four glass sides, the pool is located right next to the rooftop bar and spa services. Once opened, the pool in the sky will become the only place to soak in this way in the UK. The ‘pool in the sky’ not only gives swimmers a breathtaking view of the parliament building, London Eye, London city skyline, but also an enjoyable experience floating in the air. Tens of meters from the ground, nothing but a transparent layer of glass makes swimmers feel like they are looking down the depths below. It is known that people created swimming pools from Colorado, USA, then transported by water across the Atlantic as a long and challenging adventure. But then, the design and installation between two high-rise buildings was even more difficult. Two buildings connected to the swimming pool are subject to common impacts including wind shakes and ground subsidence. But thanks to modern technology and architectural innovations, the swimming pool is able to handle the natural movements of two 10-story buildings that it sits in between. According to the design company, the first two sections of the pool are not rigid connections that can slide from side to side while retaining watertight integrity. Chairman Ballymore, developer of Ambassador Gardens, said: “Creating a pool in the sky comes from a desire to cross the boundaries of buildability as well as technology. We also want to cross boundaries on every aspect of the design, the transparent structure of the swimming pool the result of many significant advances in technology over the past decade. swimming will bring a unique feeling, as if floating in the air in central London “. Expected, the swimming pool will open on May 19.

Recently, a number of unfortunate incidents have occurred in apartment buildings. There are cases where children, even adults falling from higher floors, died or were seriously injured. There is an opinion that it may be due to design errors, but all apartment buildings and high-rise buildings must comply with construction standards, including full safety standards for each item, so it is unlikely to happen. out errors. In fact, the cause of the above cases is largely due to the unreasonable arrangement of objects and the interior of the house, leading to an accident in use. Talking about this issue, Mr. Tran Manh Dat, General Director of a company operating in the field of interior design, manufacturing and construction, said: “Usually when designing balcony balustrades in apartments height of about 1.4 m. However, active children can climb over here. Therefore, in a home with young children, it is very necessary to install additional screens to ensure safety ”. The apartment building should install a protective net on the balcony and avoid placing objects, beds close to the window. Photo: NGUYEN CHAU When receiving a house, even though there are no children in the house, the homeowner should still make a net on the balcony rail and the window to make the living process safe. The current way of installing the protective cable still completely ensures the space for the house. For townhouses, it is necessary to pay attention to the handrail of the stairs, if using the form of bars, the distance between the bars is not too large for children to pass through. Architect Huynh Bao Toan, Director of a mobile home supplier, also instructed: “When designing a house, the architect did it correctly according to the regulation of a handrail of about 1.4 m or more. However, some families often put extra items on the balcony, close to the railing such as washing machines, trees, furniture … When someone climbs these objects, it is very easy to fall out. Modern apartment design often has large windows, families should not set tables, beds close to the windows because it is very dangerous, especially for young children. The interior layout should be carefully calculated if the house has children ”. KTS Toan recommends apartment balconies need to attach protective nets. This not only ensures the safety of people in the house, but also minimizes the drop of things or mischievous children throwing objects on the ground, endangering others. “The current types of safety nets and cables do not violate the safety of the apartment’s escape when there is an incident such as fire and explosion, so people can use it with peace of mind. The bed should be placed in the middle of the room, not close to the window, the two sides should have space to move ”- said architect Toan. One of the risks when the house has young children is that the power outlet is too low, and children are easy to play with. Therefore, families with low power outlets need to install additional covers for electrical outlets to ensure safety.

Shen’ao Ancient Village is not “profound”. It is located at the northern foot of Tianzigang on the south bank of Fuchun River in Tonglu County, about 20 kilometers away from Tonglu County, and it takes only 20 minutes to drive. Shen’ao Ancient Village and villages such as Xufan, Huanxi, Dipu and Qingyuan form a national 4A tourist attraction Jiangnan Ancient Village Scenic Area. The village has a long history and many historical sites. The key is that you don’t need tickets to visit here. A 200-meter-long Shen’ao Old Street traverses the village. Most of the buildings here are those of the middle and late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. Historically, it was the commercial trading center of Shen’ao Village. It is also today. There are many shops, but there are not too many tourists. Somewhat deserted. The history of Shen’ao Village is very long. It can be traced back to the Southern Song Dynasty. It has gone through more than 800 years of ups and downs. Although Shen’ao Old Street is the core attraction here, for me, I prefer the intricate alleys. The buildings in the alleys are more ancient. They are all Huizhou buildings with white walls and black tiles and towering horsehead walls. , The antique doors and windows, the scenery you see before you, it is no exaggeration to say that it is not at all inferior to any national 5A ancient village or ancient town. The commercial atmosphere here is not heavy, and the simple rural atmosphere still lingers in Shen’ao Village. There are two unique things in Shen’ao Ancient Village, one of which is the water system here. As early as when the village was built, an independent water system was planned in advance. It is composed of streams, culverts, open ditch, sills and ponds. Not only sewage and domestic water can be treated separately, but the water here has always been flowing, now for more than 800 years. In the past, these water systems are still in use, and people have to sigh the wisdom of the ancients. Walking in the village, you can see many deep water ports below the road surface. The locals call it “Aokou” and the name “Shen’ao Village” comes from this. The underdrain in the village is more than 800 meters long and runs through every household in the village, which is very rare in many ancient villages. Ancient buildings are another unique feature of the ancient village of Shen’ao. Most of the buildings here were built during the Ming and Qing dynasties, which was also the most glorious period of Shen’ao Village. The houses built were exceptionally tall and magnificent, which is also rare in many ancient villages. Yes, on the other hand, it can be seen that the historical Shen’ao Village is very wealthy. There are many ancient buildings worth seeing in the village, such as the Shentu’s Ancestral Hall, Huaisu Hall, Shennong Hall, Gongsi Hall, etc. Although many ancient villages are free of tickets, they need to enter some ancestral halls to visit, while Shen’ao Village does not need them at all. As long as the ancestral hall is open, you can go in and visit in a swagger. The ancient village is not only ancient and rich in culture, but also has a comfortable and slow life. This is one of the reasons why I like it here. Walking in the ancient village, or savoring the ancient architecture, or sitting down and chatting with the locals, it feels very leisurely and contented. . I don’t know, have you ever been to or heard of Shen’ao Ancient Village in Tonglu, Hangzhou? What is your impression of the scenery here? If you haven’t been, will you visit here if you have a chance? Welcome to leave comments.

Traveling is a thing that can relax and broaden your horizons. In recent years, many Chinese people like to travel abroad. And Germany is one of the destinations for many Chinese tourists.

I believe that many friends have been there and felt that compared with the exquisite buildings of Italy, Spain, France and other countries, most of the ancient buildings are similar and the same, and the famous ancient buildings are very few. The buildings of modern new buildings are also relatively simplified. In fact, most of the reasons are because German cities have been ravaged by the war. The buildings in the cities we see today are what they looked like after the war.

Miracle City Bamberg

After being ravaged by wars, the urban buildings in this country of Germany have become less distinctive. However, among many cities in Germany, there is a small town that is not very famous. It has not been destroyed after two world wars. Destroyed, but survived, standing in the ruins of Germany after the war is a miracle. This small town is Bamberg, a small medieval town in Germany.

Medieval town of world cultural heritage

This small city is a small city under the jurisdiction of Bagria in southern Germany. It is not very large. It is located at the confluence of the Regnitz and Main rivers. There are about 70,000 people in the small city. When you walk in here and see the buildings here, you can’t even imagine this city. In fact, it has a history of more than 2,000 years and is a medieval city that has been listed as a world cultural heritage.

Outdoor museum of ancient buildings

Few people know this place in the world, but it is in Germany, but it has a very important historical position. In the past, it was the residence of Roman emperors and bishops. It has also become a German city that is rarely disturbed by wars. There are also different artistic architectural styles in Europe from different eras, such as Baroque, Gothic, Romanesque and Renaissance buildings. This city is also called an outdoor museum because there are too many historical German buildings.

There are many historical buildings in this city, which are very well preserved, and there are more than 2,000 historical relics that have been listed as protected cultural relics. Among the more than 2,000 protected cultural relics include churches, residential buildings, urban gardens, palaces and so on. This small city is like a three-dimensional building. It is an art that is presented to people. This is a country with more cultural heritage in Germany, and it is more worthy of people to savor.

“Little Venice” Bamberg

The mother river of this small city is the Regnitz River. On both sides of the river are German-style houses with a more uniform architectural style. Most of them have red brick roofs, red balconies and yellow walls. There are also on both sides of the river. The green grass also makes this city one of the most beautiful cities, as well as the title of Little Venice.

In most people’s minds, Venice is a representative of romantic atmosphere, fashion and luxury, but compared to this city, it is more grounded, fresh and full of literary and artistic sense, but also makes people feel simple. In Germany, these buildings are similar and sonorous, and Bamberg is like a gentle scholar, standing on the ground of Germany in his own unique style. It is a small city with a fairy tale color.

Dolce by Wyndham Hanoi Golden Lake in Hanoi is considered the first hotel in the world to be gilded inside and out, from top to bottom. Photo: Booking. Gold-plated building with 25 floors high with 3 basements, 2,230 m2 wide with investment capital of more than 100 million USD. Photo: Booking. All rooms have 24k gold-covered furniture and sanitary ware. Photo: Booking. The bathroom accessories are also gilded. Photo: EPA. Even the infinity pool in the building is also covered with gold. Photo: Booking. Hoa Binh Green City is advertised as a luxury apartment “gilded” with 6-star quality and excellent service. Photo: Chungcuhoabinhgreencity According to the investor, the balustrades of all apartments and the door of the elevator are gilded; The only floor in the lobby is gilded with gold. Photo: Chungcuhoabinhgreencity In Hanoi, there is also a gold-plated villa believed to be worth 300 billion in Cau Giay. This magnificent villa belongs to Mr. Nguyen Quoc Thanh (born 1957) from Thanh Hoa. Photo: Vietnamnet On the roof of the villa, there are 6 chickens inlaid with gold. The value of these 6 chickens is up to 20 billion VND. Photo: Vietnamnet Inside the house, from walls, stairs, floors to tables and chairs … all use rare and exquisitely carved woods. Photo: Vietnamnet Video: The weirdest villa in Vietnam. Source: News VTV24

1. Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw, Poland This 187 meter high building (including the 270 meter spike roof) was built in the center of the Polish capital Warsaw as a “gift from the people of the Soviet Union”. Participated in the construction of the Palace of Culture and Science with more than 3,000 workers from 1952 to 1955. Initially, architect Lev Rudnev (who previously designed the main building of Moscow State University) planned to build the building. a more modest house, only 120 meters high. However, the Soviet leadership finally decided to build the massive building. At that time, the construction process was regularly reported in the press. Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw, Poland. Photo: Nagy Gyula / FORTEPAN (CC BY-SA 3.0); Pannini (CC0 1.0). Today, inside this 42-story building, there is an observation area, exhibition galleries, office spaces, 4 theaters, 4 museums, Polish Academy of Sciences, movie theaters and even a swimming pool. Currently, this is still the tallest building in Poland. 2. International Hotel in Prague, Czech Republic Today, this 16-story building cannot be called a skyscraper, but in the mid-1950s it stood out in ancient Prague with its low-rise buildings. However, it is still one of the largest buildings in the capital of the Czech Republic. Inside the building was supposed to be serviced apartments, as well as government buildings, but later it was decided to build hotels. The interiors of the hall are decorated with mosaic paintings of Czech folk art and the Prague landscape. International Hotel in Prague, Czech Republic. Photo: Simon Legner (CC BY-SA 4.0). Up to now, the building still preserves a civil defense shelter that can accommodate 600 people. Currently, this basement is converted to a storage room for building staff. 3. Free press supply in Bucharest, Romania Inside this building built in the 1950s, there was the “Skynteya” Newsroom – the official mouthpiece of the Communist Party of Romania. From 1960 to 1990, on the square in front of the building there was a monument to Lenin. Before 2007, it was the tallest building in Romania – 92 meters excluding the 12-meter high antenna. The building is even pictured on Romania’s largest denomination bill of 100 Leu. Free press supply in Bucharest, Romania. Photo: Legion Media 4. The Latvian Academy of Sciences building in Riga The building for scientists was designed by Latvian architects in the style of Moscow buildings. This place is now home to the headquarters of the research institutes of the Latvian Academy of Sciences, the research centers of Latvian language and culture, and at an altitude of 65 meters is the observation area. 1960s and present-day buildings. Photo: Naum Granovsky / TASS; Sjaak Kempe (CC BY 2.0) The interior of the building underwent changes in 1991. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, people removed all the “ideological” reliefs of Lenin and Stalin, and on the sharp roof removed the star shape. . 5. The Largo Complex in Sophia, Bulgaria Three “Stalin-style” buildings in the center of the Bulgarian capital Sophia were built in the mid-1950s for the public administration. The center court is the seat of the Communist Party of Bulgaria (today the venue for the meetings of the Bulgarian Parliament). In the next building is the Council of Ministers and Department of General Department, the other is the Presidential Palace, the Ministry of Education and the “Balkany” hotel. The Largo Complex in Sophia, Bulgaria. Photo: Legion Media In 2000, the Lenin monument was replaced with the statue of “Saint Sophia”, and the star on the sharp roof was replaced by the Romanian flag. 6. Buildings in Kharkov, Ukraine An apartment building in the center of the city of Kharkov in Ukraine is a true beauty spot. After World War II, the central Kharkov area suffered heavy losses. In the 1950s, on the site of war-torn houses, this building was built for turbine factory workers. Interestingly, one side of the gable was completely different from the rest of the building. Specifically, the building was built in the 1960s under the first Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party Nikita Khrushchev, who opposed cumbersome architectural styles. Buildings in Kharkov, Ukraine. Documentary photos; Vladimir Korsunsky (CC BY 3.0). 7. Exhibition Center Shanghai, China In 1955, in Shanghai, inaugurated the Soviet-China Friendship House. This building was built by Soviet experts, and the decoration was by Chinese architects. Exhibition Center Shanghai, China. Photo: Fayhoo (CC BY-SA 3.0). On the surface, this building is quite similar to the main exhibition hall of the USSR’s National Economic Achievements Exhibition. The author of the project is architect Viktor Andreev, who also designed the Moscow Pavilion. Currently this building is used to organize trade shows.

All objects falling into the air have terminal velocities depending on their size, shape and mass. The terminal velocity of an ant (6.4 km / h, according to the physics department of the University of Illinois) will be much different from the human terminal velocity (about 200 km / h). “For rats and any small animal, there’s really nothing dangerous. You can drop a mouse into a mine nearly 1,000 meters deep and when it hits the bottom, it gets dizzy and runs away. , provided that the ground is quite soft The air resistance acting on the moving object is proportional to the surface of the object.If the length, width and height of an animal are divided by 10, then the mass. Its amount is reduced by 1000 times while the surface area is reduced by only 100 times, so the air resistance for small animals is usually 10 times higher than the actuation force. Force is usually not an issue for insects, it can fall freely without danger, with the ability to cling. ” Michael Kaspari is an ecologist at the University of Oklahoma (USA), who has studied the aerial activities of wingless ants. Research shows that when ants are confronted with a predator, they jump in the air from tall branches and use their legs to steer their flight to the tree. The longer hind legs will allow the ant to travel through the air, preventing it from falling into places they deem dangerous. With this ability, it is possible that the ant has managed to cling to something before it falls to the ground, and whether it can grip or not, the ant will not die if it lands. The most ancient creatures still exist today It is thought that the earth currently has 10 million billion ants, despite the fact that they are killed a lot every day. According to biota, it is estimated that ants make up about 15-20% of the total number of terrestrial animals. Ants are animals belonging to the membrane wing, the layer of insects. Scientist Corrie Moreau and his French colleagues published a study that found ants appeared 140 to 170 million years ago. That means they are the most ancient creatures that still exist today, despite the intense fluctuations of the earth. Since then, it has been found that ants have a very high ability to survive in all weather conditions. Such survival is bestowed on nature, since they show no signs of consistent change. Which means it is very likely that an ant 170 million years ago and an ant now are no different. It is thought that the earth exists about 20,000 different species, with 4,500 families. They are found all over the earth. Even the extremely cold places are the poles of the earth, or the hot center of the equator. Ants come in many varieties, but the colors are usually just red or black. Especially, there is a species with white color added. Ants live in herds, with a quite separate social organization. Each nest has an average of about 100,000 children in a herd with a single mother (God ants, can live up to 30 years). Here, there is something like the way bees organize the swarms of life. The great majority of baby ants in the herd are worker ants (who only live 1-2 years) – such as the hardest and most hardworking workers on earth. The job of worker ants is to take care of queens, incubate eggs, transfer eggs, raise young ants, build caves, forage, guard … Few people know that all worker ants are female, but their reproductive organs are not fully developed, so they can never become God prejudices, but are forever just “cu-li” legs from birth. to death. Ants are considered the most powerful because they can carry food 10 times heavier than them. But to transport that heavy food, they have to use collective strength in coordination. Together, they carry the food they can find easily, when thousands of them work together. Ants are everywhere, anyone can see them or be stung by them, but few people know that they also have positive effects. The Masai people of eastern Africa have a habit of using ants as tools for wound healing. When one of the tribe was injured, they would capture a few large ones from the “army ant” group so that they would bite on either side of the wound, then remove the body, leaving only the ants on the wound. From there, the wound did not bleed and healed quickly. And interesting things about ants Ants are animals with a fairly sanitary life. Specifically the handling of the dead. When one is dead, the other ants in the herd together carry the dead ants out of the nest, with the sole purpose of keeping clean, avoiding infection or disease spreading. Worker ants will take care of carrying under the command of an ant that is believed to be responsible for the funeral of the flock. It was also surprising that ants were insects with a very advanced organizational system. Along with God ants, worker ants, and the commanding ants of burial, there are also “teacher” ants. Born, to have the necessary skills, they go through a learning process under the guidance of “teachers”. The “teacher” ants in the nest will teach the younger ants to do the necessary work. In the event that “students” learn slowly and “fail” on a test, they will be transferred to another job that requires less skills. Not only know how to find termites, but also know “breeding” to create a food reserve. They know how to feed insects such as aphids and moths to get the sweetness they produce. When it is time to harvest the sweeteners from the insect swarm, the ants “milk” using their antennae. It is extremely interesting to know that ant colonies carry a swarm of insects that they cultivate when moving to a new area. It is no different than humans taking cattle along to places where the grass is lush. People have talked about extraordinary in the ant world. They do not have ears but senses sounds from ground vibrations through the sensitive sensors on their legs. They have the ability to survive miraculously despite the extreme weather and climate. That is why ants are also one of the first organisms on earth to be sent to space by humans in experiments to conquer the sky. Ants have poor eyesight, in return they often use the earth’s magnetic field to guide their way. They are considered the smartest insects when there are more than 250,000 brain cells in the small head of ants. As a hard-working animal, ants are also said to be “great athletes”. If an ant was about the size of a human, then it could run at an average running speed of 55 km / h without ever getting tired. They can once again lift an object 50 times its weight with incredible strength.

A series of old apartments in Ba Dinh district (Hanoi) will be planned in the direction of increasing height. Photo: PV Reduce population density Hanoi City has just announced 6 urban subdivision planning projects: H1-1A, H1-1B, H1-1C, H1-2, H1-3, H1-4, the rate of 1 / 2,000 in Hoan districts. Kiem, Ba Dinh, Dong Da and Hai Ba Trung; The main requirement is to control population in 4 counties. The projects aim to reduce the population from 1.2 million people (2009) to 672,000 people. Notably, in the urban subdivision planning project H1-2 in the administrative boundary of Ba Dinh district, the renovation of old apartment buildings and apartments will reduce the construction density, increase the height, and to prioritize the addition of urban infrastructure systems, public works, green spaces, and improve the environment. Urban space is established mainly as low-rise buildings. High-rise buildings in accordance with architectural management regulations along belt roads, radial roads, urban reconstruction areas, urban highlight areas such as: around Giang Vo lake, digital land 29 Lieu Giai, 148 Giang Vo, the areas around the urban railway station … Architect Dao Ngoc Nghiem – Vice Chairman of Vietnam Urban Planning Association said, in the zoning plans and management regulations has identified existence and change. If we had stretched people in the past to only solve the housing problem, this time there was improvement in space. Specifically, in the past, Hanoi was just a city with one central pole, now Hanoi is a cluster of cities, including satellite towns. Currently, the city only focuses on Hoa Lac urban development. If the remaining urban areas are developed further, the land potential will be solved. When there is an ecological and favorable environment for people, they will naturally become attached to a new place. Mr. Nguyen Do Dung (General Director of EnCity Consulting Company – the unit that won the first prize for the planning idea of ​​Thu Duc City) commented: “One bright spot of the project is clearly defining development priorities. In spite of the general policy of population control and restriction of tall buildings, the project does not “take it easy” but encourages high-density development along major roads and near urban railway stations. . This is very reasonable because we still need to renovate the urban area and effectively exploit the newly invested transport infrastructure ”. It is necessary to realize and manage well the plan Mr. Nguyen Do Dung said that high-rise buildings are not synonymous with high population density because they depend on construction density and the distribution of land use functions. The advantage of high-rise buildings is that it is easy to arrange green spaces and community facilities because the construction density is not more than 50% of the land fund. Meanwhile, the tube house model often occupies 80% – 100% of the land fund, so there is no room for green space. “Limiting high-rise buildings is only a situational solution when we do not have an effective mechanism to convert a huge number of low-rise houses into high-rise buildings,” Dung said. Commenting on the population relaxation progress, Mr. Nguyen Do Dung proposed, the city should have a more complete tax regime for real estate like in developed countries. The city can benefit from the rise in real estate prices due to public investment (opening roads, building parks) and having the resources to accelerate the acquisition of land for infrastructure construction. For public offices and facilities, many of which are under the management of central agencies, have to be relocated outside of the historic inner city, there is a need for regulations to allow partial conversion of land funds to do public works for the city instead of converting the entire land bank for other purposes such as commercial or residential, leading to population growth and continued pressure on infrastructure. Architect Tran Huy Anh (Hanoi Architects Association) emphasizes the element of resources to realize the project. The same planning is the completion of a system of regulations from management, ownership to technical regulations for this type of work. That is the basic resource for synchronous development, avoiding the situation of planning hanging. Another concern is that the local planning adjustment is quite arbitrary. Originally planned 20 floors, but after a few adjustments to “create a highlight”, it can be up to 30, even 40-50 floors. So does increasing a building increase the already painful traffic pressure? Architect Anh said that this not only depends on the quality of the initial planning, but also greatly depends on the ability to realize the plan and manage the plan. In fact, in Hanoi, there have been many high-rise projects that have sprung up causing traffic congestion, but it is still described as “fully meeting the planning targets”. The reason is that a series of roads and infrastructure are drawn beautifully, but mostly on paper. Meanwhile, the high-rise projects continue to be approved by the city in the direction of “appropriate planning”.

Bodium Castle in Sussex, (England) was built by a knight in 1385 to house the family. After the family of the knights had no lineage, Bodium changed hands several times and by the 17th century was abandoned. In 1925, the castle was restored. Photo: Reuters.

Jal Mahal Palace in Jaipur (India) looks like it is floating in an artificial lake. But in fact, up to 4 floors of this building sunk below the surface of the lake. Initially, it was built in the 16th century as a royal motel for hunting. The construction of the dam and the expansion of the lake near this area made Jal Mahal quickly submerged in the water. There is information that Jal Mahal will be renovated to become a restaurant. Photo: Reuters.

Leh Palace in Ladakh (India) was built from mud, wood, sand, and stone in 1553. With 9 floors, Leh is the residence of the royal family on the upper floors, and the stables, houses Warehouse is located on lower floors. In the 19th century, Leh was invaded and abandoned since then. Photo: Getty.

The Sans Souci Palace in Milot (Haiti) was completed in 1813, and became the king of King Henri Christophe until his death in 1820. Sans Souci was dubbed the “Versailles of the Caribbean”. The palace was severely damaged and could not be repaired after the earthquake in 1842. Photo: Getty.

Duckett’s Grove Castle in Carlow (Ireland) was built in the 1700s, serving the Duckett family. This Gothic-style building was burned by fire in 1933. Photo: Flickr.

Pidhirtsi Palace in Lviv (Ukraine) was built in the 17th century to serve Polish army generals. It later became a hospital during World War II. Pidhirtsi was abandoned shortly after the end of the war. Photo: Shutterstock.

Grand Hotel de la Foret in Corsica (France) was built in 1893, this used to be a luxury hotel with tennis courts. After World War II, this hotel had difficulty attracting visitors again, so it was abandoned. Photo: Shutterstock.

Villa de Vecchi in Cortenova (Italy) was built in the 1850s to house the family of Felix de Vecchi – commander of the Italian National Guard. According to rumors, the commander’s wife was murdered in this palace, his daughter mysteriously disappeared, causing him to commit suicide, and the house was haunted. It was abandoned forever in the 1960s because no one dared to buy it. Photo: Flickr.

This marble Swannanoa Palace in Virginia (USA) was built in 1912 by James Dooley, an American railroad director. The highlight of the building is the stained glass panels designed and arranged by 300 artisans. When the Dooleys died in the 1920s, Swannanoa was transformed into a country club and by 1980 was abandoned. Today, it is a tourist destination and a wedding venue. Photo: Shutterstock.

Sammezzano Castle in Leccio (Italy) has a total of 365 rooms, built in 1605 by the Spanish nobility. After World War II, the building became a luxury hotel. By the 1990s, Sammezzano was abandoned. Photo: Getty.

Gbadolite Palace in Nsele (Congo) was once a small village, before it was turned into “Palace of Versailles by the green forest” by former President of Congo – Mobutu Sese Seko -. The whole project includes a club, a hotel and an international airport. After the government was overthrown in 1997, Mobutu Sese Seko fled to Morocco, and Gbadolite was officially abandoned. Photo: Getty.