Industry Day Showing the Chancellor candidate

Status: 06/22/2021 6:12 p.m.

How can the climate change succeed and Germany be preserved as an industrial location? The Chancellor candidates gave outlooks at the Industry Day. In the end there was nothing more than friendly applause.

From Eva Ellermann, ARD capital studio

German industry is worried: climate neutrality by 2045 – how should Germany, a country of industry, export and innovation, achieve that?

The head of the Federal Association of German Industry (BDI), Siegfried Russwurm, fears that new climate protection goals and specifications will overwhelm the industry: “Just to raise the bar, although athletes and coaches don’t yet know how to cope with the lower ones – that is not a successful training strategy. And to do that as a trainer, and certainly not to talk to the athlete about it beforehand. ”

Merkel’s last day of industry

Chancellor Angela Merkel does not find it difficult to commit to Germany as an industrial location, but she warns that self-evident things have to be worked out over and over again.

It is her last appearance at an Industry Day and she uses it to make demands on the hosts on the way to climate neutrality: “We urgently need – we should work with the BDI – a forecast for electricity demand in 2030. The Assumptions that the electricity price will not increase are probably not sustainable. Then we need a plan that requires more line construction than we have planned today, “said Merkel.

SPD Chancellor candidate Olaf Scholz shares the Chancellor’s diagnosis and uses it to attack Federal Economics Minister Peter Altmaier. He assumes constant electricity consumption until 2030 – Scholz adds: “Let me say it loud and clear: the electricity lie.”

Scholz presents himself as a doer. He promises the industry that electricity will remain affordable for them. “That is why we will abolish the EEG surcharge by 2025 and reorganize the taxes and surcharges in the energy sector,” said Scholz. “My goal is an industrial electricity price of four cents.”

Laschet: no tax increases

Competitor Armin Laschet is not that specific. The Union chancellor candidate shows understanding for the concerns of the industry. “My idea is that in 20 years’ time we will still have a steel industry, still have a chemical industry, another automotive industry – then climate-neutral,” says Laschet. “But if you do not formulate this goal at the beginning, but just keep increasing guidelines and limit values, issuing bans, you will in the end gamble away the status of the industrialized country.”

The “Corona Method” with regulations down to the smallest detail does not fit the future. Laschet promises: less maneuvering and no tax increases.

There is no getting around climate neutrality, emphasized Annalena Baerbock. Image: dpa

Of course, Green Chancellor candidate Annalena Baerbock knows that this is her address too, but she emphasizes that there is no getting around the goal of climate neutrality: “Whether you like it or not – the competition is about who will be the markets of the future first achieved climate-neutral, in the future it will also have the edge in terms of economy and thus socio-political. ” The course must now be set for a social and climate-friendly market economy, said Baerbock. All three candidates for Chancellor appear a bit nervous at their show in front of the most important German business association. At the end of the day there is friendly applause for everyone, but no more at the German Industry Day

Smoke and steam rise from the Belchatow Power Station, Europe’s largest coal-fired power plant in Poland. Photo: Reuters. The use of fossil fuels continues in the face of rising global energy demand, continued consumption and investment in new fossil fuel plants, and energy use, the report said. lower biomass such as using wood or agricultural waste in heating and cooking. Burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil produces carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. As concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere rise to record levels, governments have called for stronger emissions cuts and curbs on fossil fuel use to meet global climate goals. The exhaust pipe of a car is photographed on the street in Berlin, Germany. Photo: Reuters. The share of fossil fuels in the global energy mix was 80.2% in 2019, compared with 80.3% in 2009, while renewables such as wind and solar accounted for 11, REN21 said. 2% in the energy structure in 2019 and 8.7% in 2009. The remainder of the energy mix consists of traditional biomass, which is used largely for cooking or heating in homes in the developing world. However, in many regions, including parts of China, the European Union, India, and the United States, it is now cheaper to build new wind or solar photovoltaic plants than to operate new ones. existing coal plant. Renewable energy is also competing with new natural gas-fired power plants in terms of cost in many locations and is the cheapest source of new electricity generation in countries on all continents, the report said. big land. “We are waking up to the bitter reality that the climate policy promises of the past ten years have been almost empty words,” said Rana Adib, CEO of REN21. “The share of fossil fuels in final energy consumption has not shifted an inch,” she added. In many countries, the Covid-19 economic recovery packages aim to stimulate further investment in renewable energy. But renewable investments only account for about one-sixth of investment in fossil fuels, the report added.

Wellington has the least pollution Pollution is one of the most common causes of climate change, with exhaust fumes from households and vehicles leading to environmental and health problems globally. However, in Wellington (New Zealand), that problem seems to be well under control. Wellington, New Zealand. Source: Uswitch The city scored 13.66 on the pollution index, which means that out of 100 units of air, only 13.66 is polluted. New Zealand’s air is very fresh for many reasons, the main one being that the population is not too large, the main economic sectors are agriculture, fishing and tourism, so there are no big factories like many places in the world. gender. Wellington is considered the culinary capital of New Zealand and possesses beautiful natural settings. Visitors cannot miss the “Lord of the Rings” tour, to visit famous scenes in the blockbuster of the same name or experience the props and costumes in the movie. Canberra is the most sustainable city Energy in Canberra (Australia) is mainly from solar and wind sources; and the pollution index in this city is 13.89, just behind Wellington. Canberra has an extensive public transport infrastructure and is environmentally friendly, making it possible for people to go anywhere without having to drive their own car. Tourists have easy access to tourist attractions, whether the museums, the shopping in the center or the Tidbinbilla Nature Reserve in the suburbs. The city also operates a carpooling service, encouraging people to travel in groups and cutting back on solo driving. Canberra, Australia. Source: Daniel Morton / Unsplash Switzerland’s Zurich is also highly rated on the sustainability index. It is a paradise for cyclists, with dedicated lanes and many car-free lanes surrounding the city center. Walking is a great way to explore the city, people here do not attach too much importance to the use of personal cars. The pollution index in Zurich is also low, ranking third with 17.31 points. Madrid, Brisbane, Dubai, Copenhagen are in the top 5 Immediately after Canberra is the Spanish capital, which owns a green space of up to 64 square kilometers, with 300,000 trees. The parks in Madrid are always a destination that attracts residents and visitors. The most famous is the Monte de el Pardo park, a green nature reserve about 50 times the size of Central Park in New York (USA). Both Brisbane (Australia) and Dubai (UAE) have priority policies for sustainable development. While Brisbane implements its “Clean, Green, Sustainable 2017-2031” strategy focusing on clean air, biodiversity and low carbon emissions; while Dubai named itself “sustainable city” to promote the green development model. Tourists cycling in Copenhagen. Source: Feybiun / Unsplash With a large area of ​​water and green space, Copenhagen (Denmark) is one of the cleanest, safest and most attractive tourist destinations in Europe. Coming here, visitors often cycle through the streets, admire the old architecture, including the iconic statue of the city’s mermaid. Food is also a strong point of Copenhagen, as there are 15 Michelin-starred restaurants in the city. Nairobi is the leader in green energy The world is strongly promoting sustainable energy and cutting carbon emissions. Nairobi (Kenya) is at the forefront of this movement, with more than 90% of its energy coming from sustainable sources such as hydro or geothermal. However, poor air quality, pollution rates make Nairobi low in this ranking. Nairobi, Kenya. Source: Uswitch Lisbon in Portugal is the second best city for sustainable electricity, making the most of its sunny location with its huge network of solar systems. The city is a popular tourist destination in Europe, with a variety of choices from beautiful natural vistas to quaint towns and castles. In third place is Lima, the capital of Peru. After years of facing air pollution, the city has turned to solar power to try to reduce emissions. The city also installed large billboards that function as air purifiers.

Protection of the world’s oceans Hope for the “Blue Economy”

As of: 06/08/2021 12:59 p.m.

The seas are at risk from climate change, pollution and overfishing. But gradually a rethink is also beginning in the economy – the protection of the oceans is recognized as a business. From Notker Blechner, tagesschau.de Sometimes an accident can lead to a complete change in life. For example with Emily Penn. The architect and passionate sailor had her aha experience on a boat trip from Great Britain to Australia. “One night all the passengers woke up to a loud bang,” she says. “Our ship had rammed a plastic mountain – in the middle of the ocean, away from any civilization.” Since then, Penn has been committed to protecting the oceans, giving lectures, organizing events and doing research expeditions to find solutions to the fight against the plastic flood in the oceans. Penn is known as the “advocate for the seas”.

Shoes, sunglasses and backpacks made from ocean trash

The marine activist is encouraged by increasing business initiatives against plastic waste pollution in the oceans. Several companies and start-ups have developed methods of making new products from marine litter. Adidas offers shoes and jerseys made from recycled “ocean plastic”. Other manufacturers are making new sunglasses, backpacks and skateboards out of marine plastic waste. Even the Dutchman Boyen Slat, founder of the start-up “Ocean Cleanup”, now sells sunglasses with frames made from recycled ocean plastic. “Ocean Cleanup” collects plastic waste on the open sea with ships. The Italian Giulio Bonazzi has managed to make a special fiber – Econyl – from old fishing nets, which is used for tights and bikinis. Bonazzi calculates that every ton of Econyl saves six tons of carbon dioxide.

Marketing gimmick?

Environmentalists warn against being misled. Products made from ocean plastic are often a marketing gimmick and misleading. In some of them there is hardly any plastic waste from the oceans, according to the WWF. Nevertheless: The fight against the mountains of plastic has now begun in business and politics. The G20 states have announced that they will ban plastic waste from the world’s oceans by 2050. It is currently estimated that around 13 million tons of plastic waste end up in the oceans every year.

14 coastal countries are leading the way in marine protection

The pictures of polluted beaches after tankers leaked like now back in Sri Lanka show how important global marine protection is. A total of 14 countries, including Australia, Canada, Japan, Indonesia, Mexico and Norway, have come together in a kind of “Ocean Panel” and have committed to sustainably managing their national waters in the future. “For too long we have made the wrong choice between marine protection and production,” admits Norway’s Prime Minister Erna Solberg, co-head of the Ocean Panel.

Danger to the species: A sea turtle that has become entangled in a drifting net. Image: picture alliance / AP Photo According to a study that was published in the journal “Nature” at the end of March, hundreds of millions of CO2 could be saved through marine protection. So far, not even three percent of the world’s oceans have been strictly protected. The study’s authors see the greatest potential in restricting bottom trawling. This controversial fishing method involves ships pulling a net across the ocean floor. The living beings on the ground are destroyed, plants are uprooted and spawning grounds for fish are destroyed. In addition, the agitation of the seabed releases organic carbon compounds and converts them into climate-damaging CO2.

Great potential for CO2 savings

The Ocean Panel has proposed several measures to promote marine and climate protection: In addition to carbon storage in the seabed, the panel recommends sustainable fishing and aquaculture, the expansion of offshore energy in the sea and ocean-compatible transport. According to calculations, this could reduce carbon dioxide emissions by a fifth, trigger investments of over 15 trillion dollars and create 12 million new jobs. Indeed, there is a gradual rethinking of the maritime economy. The International Maritime Organization has mandated stricter sulfur emissions values ​​in 2020. Instead of using heavy fuel oil, the ships now have to run on marine diesel. The only exception: ships with so-called scrubber exhaust gas cleaning systems are still allowed to use heavy fuel oil. Over 350 container and cruise ships as well as tankers have switched to liquefied natural gas (LNG). LNG contains no sulfur, hardly any nitrogen oxides and 20 percent less CO2. However, the greenhouse gas methane allegedly escapes. “The liquefied natural gas turns out to be a harmful wrong path,” says Nabu in the meantime. Shore power systems have been put into operation in Rostock-Warnemünde and Hamburg so that cruise ships do not need the ship’s diesel for power supply while they are in port.

“Blue Economy” becomes a billion dollar business

Investors such as the DWS fund company from Deutsche Bank have long been interested in the “blue economy”. According to the WWF, the ocean’s annual “gross sea product” is $ 2.5 trillion. This would make the “blue economy” the eighth largest economy in the world. DWS fund manager Paul Buchwitz predicts that the “blue economy” will grow twice as fast as the established economy by 2030. The “blue economy” includes companies that help to reduce marine pollution and curb ocean acidification – as well as those that deal with the sustainable use of marine resources, ecosystems and sustainable fisheries.

The Riverview Company has dug numerous wells in Arizona over the past six years. Photo: Guardian. Cynthia Beltran arrives in Sunizona, the center of Cochise County in the state of Arizona, USA in the fall of 2020. Although the area lacks potable water, Beltran can’t do anything because of financial constraints. Also due to lack of money, she accepted to manage 100 USD a week to buy water, instead of spending 15,000 USD to deepen the existing well in the new apartment. With a man with only a part-time job, Beltran soon surrendered to the $100-a-week payment and was forced to live with the help of his neighbors. “I’ve run out of options,” she said. Beltran is not the only case of the Willcox basin, which is about 5,200 square kilometers in Arizona. According to the state Department of Water Resources (ADWR), 78 wells dug between 2015 and 2019 have dried up. This number could increase to 100 in a few months. Several homes in Sunizona have been abandoned because the owners cannot afford to deepen an existing well or dig a new one. However, even with the ability to pay, there is no guarantee the drilling will be successful. Sunizona residents attribute the situation to the fact that Riverview, based in Minnesota, began digging wells with depths of 300-800 meters. They’ve been doing this since the beginning of 2015, and they’re causing the groundwater level to drop more and more. Riverview is not the first well drilling company in Sunizona, but they are the largest and deepest digging organization. Within 5 years, from January 2015 to November 2020, the number of wells in the area increased from 494 to 898. Kevin Wulf, a spokesman for Riverview, acknowledged the impact of the increase in the number of wells but believes it is not the only cause. “It is rumored that we came to dry the valley, then left. But no way, we do.” There is no question that Riverview changed the economic landscape of the Willcox Basin in just a few years. The company turned this place into an economic center thanks to the dairy farming and trading industry. They spent $38 million to buy Coronado dairy cows and bid for 2,600 hectares of land in the Kansas Settlement, north of Sunizona, on the day they started their business. To date, the company has spent about $180 million more to own more than 20,000 hectares of land, mostly agricultural land. The size of the company’s cow herd is estimated at about 150,000 cows. Sources close to Riverview say that the parent company prefers to invest in Arizona because the natural and climatic conditions are similar to the California valley where they have been successful. In addition, in this western state, there is no law regulating the amount of water pumped by each farmer household. “The Willcox Basin is the Wild West. The water there is free to use without any strings attached. As long as you have money to drill a well, you have water and no other planning or reporting,” said Kristine Uhlman, a retired hydrologist at the University of Arizona. Surrounded by five mountain ranges, the aquifer of the Willcox Basin is abundant. Before large-scale agricultural pumping started around 1940, the aquifers there had enough water to service Tucson, the nearest major city at the time, for 970 years, ADWR reports. Unlike the Southwest, the saline part of the aquifer of the Willcox Basin is only about 30 meters, and most of it is fresh water below. Uhlman says that in some areas, groundwater can be several kilometers above the surface. Because of this speculation, the Riverview Company and water-starved farmers have been descending into the valley for about a decade. However, due to lack of management, from 1940 to 2015, the groundwater level here decreased from 60 to 90 meters compared to the pre-development level. A retired ADWR official said the rate of decline increased from 0.6-1.2 meters a year before 2015 to 0.9-1.5 meters a year after 2015, when Riverview arrived. business. A water well in Arizona has risen by nearly 1 meter due to drought. Photo: AZ. According to an independent study by ADWR, Riverview drilled about 21% of the 315 new wells between January 2015 and October 2019. Specific numbers were not disclosed, but Riverview spokesman Wulf said: “Our total water usage is carefully monitored internally. We support state law that requires the measurement of all rural wells. This proposal has stalled in recent years, because of objections from other farmers.” Riverview’s claim to reduce water use causes a lot of skepticism. Two veteran local farmers, Joe Salvail and John Hart, say that while many residents have left their homes due to lack of water, Riverview has ramped up off-season planting, maintaining a two-crop-a-year rate. These factors increase the total amount of water used. In 2015, a group of farmers, ranchers, and government officials proposed the installation of meters on wells. Even so, the plan has created deep divisions within the community and the state legislature. “The leaders back then had no say. Almost no one wants to talk about it anymore,” Hart said. The prospect of Sunizona in particular and Arizona in general, in the long term, is forecasted to be bleak. According to ADWR research, if pumping levels are kept at the current level, water levels will drop by as much as 280 meters in the Kansas Settlement by 2115, compared with 1940 levels. According to the agency, most of the water remains in the strata The reservoir will be so deep that it will be almost impossible to pump up. “The reality is Riverview is drawing water from the bottom. It’s like when you suck water from a bucket, you’ll have water until it’s empty. While people with shorter straws, they get nothing.” hydrologist Uhlman commented. In addition to the state of Arizona, the US also issued an urgent notice about the risk of water shortage in the state of Nevada. The main reason, according to the US Bureau of Reclamation, is climate change causing less snow and ice to flow into lakes and rivers. In addition, hotter temperatures dry the soil, causing more river water to evaporate as it flows through the drought-stricken western United States.

Emissions from a factory in Scunthorpe, UK. Photo: AFP/VNA The UK’s Emissions Trading Scheme officially became operational two weeks ago, replacing the UK’s participation in the EU’s common system. The UK government has announced that the new CO2 trading scheme will make a significant contribution to achieving the goal of being CO2 neutral by 2050. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson also plans to reduce emissions by 78%. pollutant emissions by 2035 compared to 1990 levels. UK prices start at around £50 ($71) per tonne of CO2, slightly higher than European prices. Meanwhile, the average selling price in the world’s third largest market, California (USA) is about 20 USD/ton. Observers say the supply of CO2 credits is dwindling in the UK to meet the Government’s environmental targets. Therefore, CO2 prices in this market are expected to continue to rise. According to Tim Atkinson, director of sales and brokerage at CF Partners, CO2 trading is one of the cornerstones of climate change policy. He considers this the most important tool to cut emissions in the power sector and heavy industries. For example, the UK has largely phased out the use of coal, largely because CO2 quotas make it too expensive to produce electricity this way. Meanwhile, other tools such as subsidies have fueled the boom of wind farms in the country. The efforts come as the UK, host of the G7 summit this month, is urging the world’s richest nations to facilitate for the “green” global economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic. London will also host the United Nations climate summit (COP26) in Glasgow in November.

The causes of extinction come from population growth, pollution and deforestation. Therefore, in the past time, the “apocalyptic vaults” to store the seeds of the world began to be built. In South Korea, the Baekdudaegan National Arboretum Seed Conservation Center currently preserves nearly 100,000 seeds from 4,751 plant species to ensure they are not affected by “apocalyptic events”. Outside the Baekdudaegan National Arboretum Seed Conservation Center, North Gyeongsang Province. Photo: AFP. Mr. Lee Sang-yong, head of the center, said that this is one of two places to store seeds in the world today. Unlike conventional seed banks, where samples are regularly taken out for different purposes, the seeds in the vault will stay there permanently, only to be used for the purpose of preventing extinction. The safest place in Korea The seed vault was designed by South Korea’s National Intelligence Service as a heavily guarded security facility, surrounded by a wire fence and dozens of cameras. Police regularly patrol the area and filming and photography are limited. Inside, an elevator will lead underground with a depth of about eight floors, to the concrete tunnel in the cave, where heavy steel doors guard the storage room. The storage room will be kept at -20 degrees Celsius with 40% humidity to preserve seeds. Mr. Lee said the bunker was built in “the safest place” in South Korea, designed to withstand a 6.9-magnitude earthquake and even a nuclear attack. “Geographically, it’s very safe,” Mr. Lee said. “We have opened a tunnel 46 meters deep underground to ensure the seed is safe from war and nuclear threats.” The seed samples in the cellar were mostly plants from the Korean peninsula. In addition, with a capacity of 2 million seeds, many countries such as Kazakhstan and Tajikistan also accept requests, sending seeds to this reserve. Countries that send seeds here will have title to those seeds and can receive them back when needed. A researcher is doing experimental planting at the wild plant seed research department. Photo: AFP. However, Mr. Lee said: “The purpose of the seed vault is to prevent their extinction. So the best-case scenario is that the seeds never have to be brought out.” “Run with time” The conservation of the seeds of wild plants – the original source of the crops we eat today – should not be overlooked, the researchers say. However, according to a recent United Nations report, many plants that help people ensure food security are “lacking effective protection.” The report warns against crops that are less resilient to climate change, pests and pathogens, and emphasizes: “The biodiversity of ecosystems, where humanity lives, is declining faster than any other any time in human history”. In its 2020 report, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK, said many species of plants in the wild hold promise for future medicine, fuel and food. However, about two-fifths of them are threatened with extinction, largely due to habitat destruction and climate change. It is a “race against time” to determine which seeds are in danger of extinction before they completely disappear from the world, the report added. However, Na Chae-sun, a senior researcher at the Baekdudaegan National Arboretum, said studies on seeds of wild plants were “very much lacking”. “One might ask why riverside wildflowers are important,” she says. “In fact, the crops we eat today may have descended from this unnamed flower.” A researcher is examining a ‘black box’ containing seeds in a storage room. Photo: AFP. Besides the vault in South Korea, another seed warehouse was also built in the heart of the mountain near the city of Longyearbyen on the island of Spitsbergen in Norway’s Svalbard archipelago, about 1,300 km from the North Pole. Dubbed the “Noah’s Ark” of food crops, the Global Seed Vault is the largest and most famous vault in the world. The facility is focused on preserving agricultural crops and related crops, storing more than a million seed samples from nearly every country on the planet.

Veraverbeke, an Earth scientist at Vrije University in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, said the satellite had captured images of “zombie fires” – which are remnants of a great fire from the previous year. When people thought they had handled the fire, they still “survived” silently underground for a whole year, waiting through the winter to flare up again. Zombie fires have broken out many times over the past decades and tend to happen more and more often. (Photo: National Geographic) Zombie fires have broken out many times over the past decades and tend to happen more and more often. Mr. Veraverbeke’s team found that their occurrence is strongly linked to climate change. The fact that the summer is getting hotter and longer with a series of large fires increases the rate of spawning zombie fires. The proliferation of these “zombies” shows that the Arctic is changing rapidly under the influence of climate, and is a warning bell for more serious disasters in the future. The fact that the summer is getting hotter and longer with a series of large fires increases the rate of spawning zombie fires. (Image: Getty Images) Hibernation in peat More than 16,187 square kilometers of the Arctic is covered with peat, which stores an estimated 415 billion tons of carbon, equal to the total amount of carbon found in all trees on Earth. As summer approaches, fires formed by lightning strikes or humans will burn directly above the peat above ground. “ These are ancient soils. Peat in Siberia is really very old ,” said Jessica McCarty, an Arctic scientist at the University of Miami, Ohio. Once peat is ignited, they can provide a medium for a fire to smolder underground long after the surface fire is extinguished. Fires sustained by peat can burn for days, weeks, months, even years. When the right time comes, they will once again flare up into great fires, like undead zombies. “ Peat has everything a fire needs to sustain itself. Fires can burn quite strong enough to last through the winter. They’ll essentially ‘hibernate’ until next spring, when the snow melts and gives a chance for fires to flare up in the ground.” , said researcher Rebecca Scholten from VU Amsterdam. Once peat is ignited, they can provide a medium for a long smoldering underground fire. (Photo: Sentinel Hub) What’s different about fire in the Arctic? From 2000 to 2010, fires consumed more than 50% of the Arctic every year. Over the next 10 years, the annual fire area continued to increase, especially in Alaska. Through the data, scientists found that the current frequency of fires in the Arctic is the highest since the first forest formed in this area about 3,000 years ago, maybe even the highest in 10,000 years. by. Wildfires in the Arctic produce more carbon than places like California or Europe, because the subsoil under high-latitude forests is often made up of old, carbon-rich peat. In 2020, the Arctic fires released nearly 250 megatons of carbon dioxide, about half the carbon emitted by humans in a year in Australia and about 2.5 times more than the record-breaking 2020 bushfires. in California. Climate Change Zombie fires have long been known to experts. In 1941, a man-made fire along a railroad in Alaska consumed almost everything within a 1,600 square kilometer radius around it. By May 1942, the fire “revived” and burned about 1,200 square kilometers. But scientists haven’t been able to determine whether these zombie fires are well documented, or if they occur more frequently as the Arctic climate warms rapidly. They think the second case is very likely. “ We’ll definitely see more of them (zombie fires) based on what I’ve seen in 30 years of observation and consultation (other experts) ,” said Randi Jandt, a fire ecologist at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. Jandt cited the great fire that burned more than 10,000 square kilometers in Alaska in 2019. Fire crews had to work around the clock to prevent the fire from spreading. But when they thought the disaster was over, the fire flared up again the following spring, just as the snow had melted. “ Just now you observe that the area is completely white of snow, but only two days later, the fire suddenly broke out in that very place. ,” said Mark Parrington, a researcher at the Copernicus Atmospheric Monitoring Service, describing the 2020 zombie fire in Alaska. Mr. Parrington said the frequency of fires in recent years in Alaska, Siberia and northern Canada have all increased sharply. “ In the past, firefighting in the Arctic didn’t get much attention because fires were rare, but that’s changing rapidly.” , said researcher Parrington. Wildfires in the Arctic produce more carbon than places like California or Europe. (Photo: Esquire Middle East) Another concern is how many zombie fires are buried underground, waiting to create a new disaster. Scientists say underground fires in the underground peat layer grow very slowly, only about 100 times faster than hair, so the possibility that fires from many years are still accumulating under the ground can be ruled out. land. Therefore, researchers only study fires in the past year. However, the increasing severity of fires shows that climate change is making the situation worse. The hot summer produces large fires that burn until the end of the season, and remnants of those are more likely to last through the winter. In the North West of the Arctic, zombie fires typically flare up every six of the hottest summers. In the summer of the cooler years, no zombie fire will make it through the next winter. “ There is a clear relationship between zombie fires and high temperatures and fire zones. That relationship pattern is only likely to intensify for the worse in the future, as climate change increases the likelihood of fires in the Arctic. “, said scientist Scholten.

Musk cows in Greenland. Photo: Caff The habitat of animals in the Arctic has an area of ​​​​about 7 million square kilometers with an extremely cold, dry climate, strong winds in each season. The species living in this environment have adapted to survive and thrive in the harsh environment. But the climate crisis has taken a toll on their survival, according to the report on Arctic Terrestrial Biodiversity, published by the Arctic Flora Conservation Working Group (Caff. ) belongs to AC. “Climate change is a major driver of change in terrestrial ecosystems in the Arctic and is likely to increase the magnitude of the impact, multidimensional, and unpredictable,” the report said. above said. The temperature in the Arctic is increasing at twice the rate of the rest of the world. This situation leads to extreme weather events that cause southern species to move north and spread pathogens among species inhabiting the area. During the AC ministerial meeting in Reykjavik, Iceland on Thursday, a report assessing the status and development trends of Arctic species was released for the first time, following a five-year assessment. Caff’s 2017 on Marine Biodiversity. This report draws on decades of biodiversity monitoring in the area to provide an overview of the changes that have occurred here. In some parts of the Arctic, the number of important pollinating flies has decreased by 80% between 1996 and 2014. Photo: Caff At the Zackenberg research station in northeastern Greenland, scientists have found that important species such as pollinators have reduced their populations by 80% between 1996–2014. This data reflects the disparity between the timing of flowering of plants and pollinator activity caused by climate. The researchers also found that more than 50% of the 88 species of seabirds surveyed had declined in number, and up to 20% of the species were severely reduced. “On the Arctic tundra, seabirds are the most diverse group of birds,” said Paul Allen Smith, biologist and avian expert who contributed to the report. It is also estimated based on different climate scenarios that 80% of seabird species living in the high Arctic could also lose most of their habitat and breeding grounds in the next 50 years. Photo: Caff With reindeer herds migrating from Russia to Alaska, Ms. Christine Cuyler, an expert and consultant of the Greenland Institute of Natural Resources, said: “The number of reindeer individuals is always fluctuating, changing irregularly and there is a change in the number of reindeer individuals. abundance cycle”. “But in some cases, the amplitude of the fluctuation is tending to increase. Now, we are seeing fluctuations in the number of these species falling beyond historical records,” Ms. Cuyler pointed out. The majority of forest reindeer populations and species migrating to the Arctic tundra have declined in recent years. The Bathurst reindeer herd alone, which stretches from Canada’s Northwest Territories to Nunavut, has declined by 98% between 1986 and 2018. Ms. Cuyler said a number of factors that make this animal unable to survive the winter could be responsible for this decline, including the depletion of the main food source, snowfall, insects. pest infestation,… Rising temperatures in the Arctic also cause new pathogens to emerge that adversely affect the health of some species. In 2012, an outbreak of erysipelas, a bacterial infection that affects the skin, killed about 150 musk cows on Banks Island. “Bacteria are present all over the world, but when it comes to the Arctic, it’s completely unusual,” Cuyler said. “It usually won’t work in areas with low temperatures, cold climates. Things are changing as the Arctic is warming.” Furthermore, due to global warming climate change, mammal species are moving north. It is likely that the condition will become a source of parasites and new diseases, directly affecting species living in the area. The report also shows some facts about species that migrate to the Arctic, such as: red foxes compete with and even kill arctic foxes for lairs. In Alaska, brown bears are also competing for muskox habitat. “What’s happening is completely different from before and it’s devastating,” Cuyler said. As species move north, terrestrial ecosystems in the Arctic will increasingly shrink. “Extreme weather events – wildfires or devastating insects – will have systemic consequences for many years in the Arctic,” said Niels Martin Schmidt, a researcher at Aarhus University and also a researcher at Aarhus University. participants reported, emphasized. Sapphire According to The Guardian

Although the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change do not occur at the same time, both crises have similarities. COVID-19 and climate change both cause significant loss of life COVID-19 is known to particularly impact the elderly and those with underlying health conditions, causing severe respiratory illness. Climate change affects all health-related factors such as air quality, drinking water, food supplies and shelter. Climate change is expected to cause an additional 250,000 deaths annually between 2030 and 2050. COVID-19 has claimed the lives of 2.3 million people worldwide since the pandemic began. COVID-19 and climate change highlight the gap between rich and poor Both the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change are known to impact certain demographic groups. Studies have shown that the vulnerable and disadvantaged pay more in both crises, with the poor suffering more from the impacts of climate change and the pandemic than the rich. There has long been a disparity between the poor and the rich in terms of health care. Pandemics and climate change highlight these disparities. Putting the worldwide healthcare system in crisis Ultimately, both crises pushed regional healthcare systems around the world to the limit. Climate change and COVID-19 have resulted in large numbers of people being hospitalized, forcing countries to reassess how they manage their health care systems. The COVID-91 pandemic and climate change have many similarities. Is climate change the cause of the COVID-19 outbreak? In January 2021, an article published in the journal Science of the Total Environment revealed evidence that climate change may be a direct cause in the emergence of the virus that causes the COVID pandemic. -19, acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2. An international team of scientists from institutions in the UK, Germany and the US has linked climate change caused by climate change to COVID-19. They emphasize that the number of bat species present is related to the number of coronaviruses in a particular environment. Due to climate change, factors such as temperature, atmospheric CO2 and cloud cover are evolving. These factors have a direct influence on the growth process of plants and trees. Climate change is affecting natural habitats and ecosystems through altering environmental factors. Even small adjustments can have a big impact on the species living in the ecosystem. Climate changes have directly created a favorable environment for many bat species to thrive, allowing the emergence of new coronaviruses – including the SARS-CoV-2 strain. COVID-19 is not the only infectious disease linked to climate change. For years, the World Health Organization (WHO) has emphasized the link between changing environmental conditions and disease outbreaks. It is hoped that this linkage can now become central, forcing policymakers to consider the far-reaching impacts of climate change and devise calculated strategies to avert the damage. environment further and reverse the damage already done if possible. Climate changes create conditions for many new viruses to emerge. What needs to be done to prevent epidemics and climate change? Experts have suggested that tailoring government responses to the COVID-19 pandemic and climate change would enable an overall improvement in public health, as well as promote a sustainable economic future. sustainable for regions around the world. In addition, aligning responses offers an opportunity to protect the planet’s biodiversity and limit subsequent changes to diverse ecosystems. Just as anthropogenic climate change affects disease outbreaks, wildlife trade is an important factor in the spread of zoonotic diseases such as SARS-CoV-2. . The illegal wildlife trade causes people to mix with different species of animals where they are not supposed to, which promotes animal diseases. Climate change and infectious diseases cause preventable losses of life. Through strategic adjustments, it is possible to prevent the loss of life. In the coming years, more strategies will be implemented to modify human behaviours, so that they have less impact on the environment and limit the spread of infectious diseases.

On May 21, G7 pledged to completely stop funding coal-fired power plants. On May 21, environment ministers from the Group of Top Industrialized Countries (G7) agreed to take concrete steps by the end of the year to stop government funding for coal-fired power plants as part of efforts to curb global warming. In a statement after the two-day video conference, the G7 environment ministers said: “(We) are committed to taking concrete steps towards an absolute end to the new direct government assistance. for international coal-fired power generation by the end of 2021, including through Official Development Assistance (ODA), export finance, investment, financial support and trade promotion” . However, the statement did not mention the possibility of phasing out coal-fired power generation, leading analysts to believe that the G7’s call would have little impact on global efforts to tackle the problem. climate change issue. The removal of government support for fossil fuel financing, which emits large amounts of greenhouse gases that warm the Earth, is seen as essential to limiting the growth of fossil fuels. global temperature increase at 1.5 degrees Celsius, above pre-industrial levels. (according to Kyodo)

The contest aims to raise awareness and promote creativity of union officials, union members, students, youth and the community in proposing ideas, solutions, and policy recommendations to respond to climate change. post in Vietnam. Participants are Vietnamese young people aged between 16 and 35, currently living in the territory of Vietnam. The contest entry is a presentation of ideas, creative solutions, policy recommendations and 1 clip illustrating some of the following topics: Youth with creative communication solutions to improve knowledge about Climate Change; creative youth with solutions to mitigate climate change or reduce greenhouse gas emissions; youth start-ups with responsible business solutions to climate change; Youth design solutions to adapt to climate change and natural disasters in favor of nature and rely on nature. The organizers will mark and select 10 excellent entries to participate in the final round. Time to receive entries from May 17 to the end of July 25; The final round is expected to be held in August. The Central Committee of the Youth Union assigned the provinces, city unions and delegations directly under them to communicate the contest plan on the media; encourage union members and young people to participate in competitions. VT

Bagan Sekinchan fishing village. Many fishing vessels here have small capacity, ineffective against changes in the fishing grounds. Photo: Hai Seng Huat wharf management agency. The small crane diligently carried each barrel of fish from the ship to the Hai Seng Huat wharf while the traders were busy choosing the right fish on the wet port floor. This sea trip was a big hit, especially for Indian mackerel. But with Chia Tian Seng, a 47-year-old fisherman in this area, there is still a worry in his heart. He and his three siblings, who worked together as fishermen, noticed that the weather was getting more and more unusual. With Seng’s seafaring profession, the weather will determine the effectiveness of each sailing trip. For 10 years of being directly in charge of a fishing boat, Seng has never seen an unusual wind and current like now. “Previously, in the main season, the wind and the water flow were usually very stable, now it is uncertain, very unpredictable, now it can hit like this, but it can also be empty,” said Seng. According to Seng, the changes in natural conditions also prevent the target from being caught. “In the past, the sea cases at the beginning of the year never had squid, it was only in the middle of the year, but from the Lunar New Year until now, my ship caught a few tons”. Seng’s brother, Mr. Hee, who is currently the chairman of the Fisheries and Fisheries Association of Sekinchan town (Sabak Bernam city, Selangor state) added that, for 2 years now, I have not understood why Indian mackerel is so much. Before fishermen hunt, it is rare, now every trip is available, so the price is not good. Fishermen He said that every trip to the ship owner complained that the team cost was too much. Vessels now often have to go farther and more winding than they can to see the flow of fish. According to experts, climate change is the agent that makes the marine profession change and more difficult. The waiting fish tanks were transferred to Hai Seng Huat jetty. Photo: Hai Seng Huat wharf management agency. Tee Kai Seng, a 27-year-old fisherman who has been in the ocean for 10 years, noticed that the fish were getting smaller and smaller, causing the boat to move more to get big fish. “Previously I earned at least 2,000 RM (about 11 million VND) to 3,000 RM, about this year no trip has been more than 2,000 RM,” he said. In addition, the traditional fishing area that Tee Kai Seng used to go to now has not many fish, making each voyage go further. The Malaysian government recently revised the law, extending the ban on fin net fishing from 5 to 8 nautical miles from the coast. In the narrow Malacca Strait, outside 8 nautical miles for fishing is very difficult due to the busy passage of ships on the world sea, and it is also easy to violate the anti-IUU fishing regulations when the Indonesian territorial waters are too near the. But Chia Tian Seng still emphasizes the factor of climate change that is making Malaysian fisheries more difficult. The former northeast or southwest winter time – from November to March of the following year and from May to September – is usually the time when the Malaysian fisherman is carrying fish. Climate change changes the fish seasons. “Sometimes going to the sea, the wind blows from all sides, so the fish can not be determined,” said Seng. “Sometimes 3-4 days in a row the wind blows in the southeast direction, suddenly it turns to the northeast, then changes again”, the fisherman who is now the owner of the Hong King Mooi fish bowl added. According to Mr. Mooi, the wind changes, the flow of fish is difficult to find, more dangerous than fishermen’s boats that are easily dangerous. The phenomenon started appearing in 2004, and has become more frequent more and more recently, according to fisherman Hee. Malaysia is one of the countries with a high rate of fish consumption in daily meals in the world. Some figures in 2016 show that a Malaysian eats 168g of fish per day. That same year, the Center for the Development of Southeast Asian Fisheries assessed the total marine fish catch in Malaysia was worth 2.5 million USD. Newer figures from the Malaysian Bureau of Statistics in 2018, the output of sea fishing reached 1.45 million tons, in 2019 it was 1.46 million tons.

In the midst of a pandemic, we now always hope to see good lights at the end of the tunnel. One of the issues that people are most concerned about is when will we be able to return to normal life. However, many scientists, medical officials and spiritual leaders have determined that this will not be the case. Our house is on fire. Vaccines that are and will save lives will not be able to put out this potential fire in the future. They can only be of help for a short time. What we have experienced over the past year is only a little taste of the suffering that humanity will suffer if we don’t change our own consciousness and actions. In a recent interview, Bill Gates commented that pandemic is the number one dangerous threat to humanity; Therefore, we must be prepared to respond carefully. He said his biggest worry now is climate change and the threat of man-made viruses that lead to bioterrorism. When asked about ways to respond to the pandemic now and in the future, he proposed significant investment in research, training highly specialized groups of people who can respond quickly to diseases. New emerging worldwide, at the same time, research and develop tools to accurately and quickly diagnose symptoms of the disease. Moreover, vaccine manufacturing technology should be focused on development. The world cannot return to normal. The way forward must be a new one, which begins with a deep understanding of our relationships with other species and the entire planet, thereby changing our own behavior and habits. ourselves quickly aiming to improve the world. Without this, we would see bigger fires, even bigger fires than the catastrophic fires in Australia a year ago and the fires in the Amazon and California before. Many places will face extremely cold weather similar to the people of Texas and neighboring states are suffering at this time. These types of weather changes are the hallmarks of a climate crisis that scientists have predicted for decades. However, so far, the vast majority of us have chosen to bury our heads in the sand, ignoring the impending disaster by using goods and products imported from around the world, enjoying Luxury vacations, live in temperature-controlled homes and easy access to the latest gadgets, computers, cars and more. One aspect where we can see the most obvious effects is transportation. Globally, emissions from transport account for about 14% of total annual emissions and especially about 25% of CO2. What is even more remarkable is that traffic emissions are on the rise, while more and more people around the world are getting richer, able to afford their own vehicle and travel frequently. According to traditional capitalist ideology, we can buy, sell, produce and innovate on our own. However, most psychologists and Buddhists today believe that: human desires never end. Electric cars are good, but there are potential problems such as speeding that many people still have. As the number of cars increases, there will be more demand, for example we will need more roads, more parking garages, more natural resources to meet our energy needs. , etc. Six years ago, Bhikkhu Bodhi was the signature of the “Call for leaders of the United States and the world to take action to address the adverse social and psychological impacts of climate change”. In 2019, he again participated in solving the United Nations climate change issues in New York City: The Buddha taught about the causes and roots of suffering mainly directed towards the goal of individual liberation. These teachings show how mental defilements have harmed our personal lives, and now, how they can be overcome. However, because the world is intimately interrelated and unified, we must consider the process of cause and effect that works; Then, based on the results of this research to guide the way change is appropriate for society, at the same time, to propose political institutions and global policies to avoid the disadvantages we face. face. We can call this global application sati sampajañnã, which means mindfulness and correct, clear understanding of all the dangers we face in the present. The most dangerous, which covers the entire world and threatens everyone is often referred to as climate change, but perhaps we should more accurately call climate instability or disorientation. Queen. Buddhism promotes a life in harmony with nature Although travel may, to some extent, be essential for a better life, we should reconsider for ourselves how much travel is appropriate. Just like protein or water is essential, but overusing them will quickly make the body sick. Likewise, the Earth cannot absorb all the travel we take today and so we are making the Earth’s condition worse and worse. In the present age, we travel internationally more and more, so we become distracted, disoriented and insecure with our present life. According to Buddhism, the essence of practice is to let go of the need to change, operate, and control the world. The life of the Buddha made this very clear, sometimes the only thing to do is to focus your energies and sit down. Sit quietly to see the disturbing emotions arising in your mind. Sit firmly to overcome the urge to do something somewhere else, with others. It may be a paradox, but really just sitting down can we hold our heads up from the sand, while at the same time realizing our connection and the need to care more about each other.

This shows that Mr. Guterres recognized the need and importance of input and feedback from international youth leaders in addressing 17 sustainable development goals related to the plan. Climate action. The common point of most of these goals is environmental sustainability and climate change resistance. Not only in the future, our children will “inherit” the Earth, but at this very moment, they are exercising inheritance rights in urgent ways and need to solve current problems immediately. ie. We can name a few members of the United Nations Youth Advisory Council as well as other youth activists from Asia and Africa, who may not be popular but remain silent. make an impact in their community. One of the new members is Archana Soreng of the indigenous Khadian tribe from the Sundergarh district in Odisha, India. Soreng is a research officer at Vasundhara Odisha and a climate leader. In her own opinion, she feels that “in order to build a better world after the Covid pandemic, it is important for indigenous communities to be aware of their joint role in protecting their lips. School, the environment itself will have a direct and long-term impact on their lives ”. Archana Soreng is a research officer at Vasundhara Odisha and a climate leader Speaker and climate activist, Vanessa Nakate has studied and educated herself for many years around environmental and political issues. Before crops failed, record heatwaves, increased deforestation and recently a grasshopper epidemic in East Africa, where she lives, Nakate felt that she could not stand and watch without speaking out for herself. Joining the Fridays for Future and Uganda Rise Up strikes at school, Nakate is at the forefront of the international youth movement working for the climate. Arshak Makichyan is an enthusiastic and outspoken Armenian Russian climate activist. He spoke enthusiastically about activities for the climate, frankly pointing to serious issues such as widespread wildfires, famine, rising sea levels, and rising temperatures that will affect today’s children. and tomorrow. He is an important representative of Russian youth in expressing anger and fears about climate change. Arshak Makichyan is a Russian-Armenian climate activist Ou Hongyi is an 18 year old climatologist located in Guilin, China. Concerned about pollution, emissions, flooding, and other climate-related emergencies in China, Hongyi even went against her parents’ desire to join air advocates. another poster in the world. She has been greatly influenced by Al Gore’s 2006 film An Inconvenient Truth and since watching it at the age of 16, she has repeatedly demonstrated to everyone the state of climate emergency. Fatou Lamin Jeng is a leader and youth educator on climate and gender issues. As a member of Clean Earth Gambia and a speaker at UNFPA Youth Day International in the summer of 2020, Jeng brought the dialogue on this issue to the fore. Kisha Erah Muanã is an avid climate leader in the Philippines, where numerous issues are emerging such as global warming, rising sea levels, soil erosion, water pollution, poverty. , gang activity and violence. In addition, deforestation, super typhoons and earthquakes have been and are having a huge impact on the Philippines. As the youth spokesperson for the Cebu region, Muanã said: “I feel very happy to represent the country at a major event to voice my views on emergencies towards emergencies. with the climate. All these young leaders and many more have given us inspiration to take quick action against climate change to protect the future of this planet. and of all peoples, races, species, and nations. We will be wiser if we rely on the advice of indigenous people, those who are marginalized, who know best of the consequences of irresponsibility. As Archana Soreng observed: “Our ancestors protected forests and nature through the ages with their traditional knowledge and practices. Now, we must become the leaders in combating the climate crisis ”.

Even though there is news of reduced CO2 emissions into the atmosphere in the early stages of a pandemic, the risk of climate change remains evident. New research has shown that, even after a year of decommissioning and production cessation, global greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase at an unceasing rate. To mitigate the worst effects of climate change, the researchers note, humanity needs to focus purposefully on reducing fossil fuel emissions to close to zero, but even less. In that case, humans also need to find ways to further remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Covid-19 is believed to have contributed to change in planetary climate; Source: topnewsrussia.ru The rapidly changing climate is caused by human activities and this is a scientific conclusion. Back in 1988, scientists put the issue of global warming on the agenda, emphasizing that humanity is facing a “climate emergency”. In 2020, 11,000 scientists around the world released a statement with the same name, calling for immediate action. According to the scientific community, our failure to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere will turn unusually hot waves, storms, wildfires and melting glaciers “a daily thing” and could “make the a large area of ​​uninhabitable Earth ”. Researchers noted that the world leaders’ actions against climate change cannot be called enough and effective. At the same time, the media’s response to the Covid-19 epidemic, such as the use of masks and social isolation, illustrated a useful, effective model of action. People should do the same with climate change. Since CO2 has remained in the atmosphere for decades, the longer humans wait for decisive action, the more extreme the weather, and the more likely it is to pass points of no return or out of control. Covid-19 pandemic and global warming A pandemic may have little effect on climate change, but Covid-19 can certainly teach us a lot about the global threats that exist. Recently, researchers from King’s College London have concluded that countries that are better prepared for a climate emergency have much more advantages in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. More importantly, the scientists also concluded that countries should treat the climate crisis as a pandemic. Research taking data from 110 countries shows that societies “in which people care about each other” cope better with pandemics. The work highlights the urgent need to invest in both climate action and public health infrastructure so countries can better prepare for similar disasters in the future, as Sciencealert writes. By looking at the social, economic and health measures each country is proposing to deal with the pandemic, the King University researchers found a lack of “social cohesion” in America. and Western Europe led to an increase in Covid-19 mortality. More than 71% of emissions since 1988 are believed to have been generated by 100 of the world’s super corporations; Source: topnewsrussia.ru Last year, the economic slowdown caused by the global pandemic cut CO2 emissions by about 7%, which according to some studies, only 10% of this initial sharp drop was due to air travel. reduction. Another study shows that the Covid-19 pandemic will only cool the planet by about 0.01 ° C by 2030. This is a small difference, but the good news is that if combined, then cut. By investing in fossil fuels, we can avoid warming of 0.3 ° C in the future by 2050. “Increased fossil fuel emissions may not be entirely the cause of the increase in methane concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere, but a reduction in fossil fuel emissions,” says chemist Ed Dlugokenski. is an important step to climate change mitigation. Reality shows that, even if people around the world decide to stay home, travel less, fly less and consume less, it’s still not a solution, because 71% more emissions since 1988 have been generated by only 100 of the world’s super companies. These are companies and the systems related to these companies need to be changed. Therefore, it will take more than one global pandemic to address the climate crisis.

Cows and other ruminants use microbes in their stomachs to break down tough fibers that cannot be digested by humans. Artwork: AFP. Accordingly, one of the largest dairy producers in the world, the Fonterra Cooperative Group, is using a cocktail branded “Kowbucha”, a well-known kombucha fermented drink, to see if it can reduce the anesthetic gas. -tane produced from 4.9 million New Zealand cows. Unlike most developed economies, New Zealand is heavily dependent on agriculture, especially cows and sheep. So while other countries focus on cutting carbon dioxide, New Zealand has a much bigger problem with gases produced in animal stomachs. “The ferment produced can have quite a large impact on digestion, not just in humans, but also in animals,” said Jeremy Hill, a scientific researcher at the Fonterra Cooperative Group. Kowbucha is one of the company’s options, and the company is also looking at other options including seaweed. The technology is still in the early stages of research and, like other potential solutions to treat methane emissions from cows, questions about how to implement it are and whether the farmer will have enough. affordability or not. But what matters for New Zealand is whether it reaches zero net emissions. Methane, made up of carbon and hydrogen, is 56 times more effective than the effects of CO2 to heat the Earth when measured over 20 years. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that global methane levels need to be reduced by 40-45% by 2030 to be able to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. . What’s more, because methane has been in the atmosphere for only a decade, reducing it can yield a relatively quick victory over CO2, which has been around for centuries. The Global Methane Assessment, to be released next week, shows that curbing man-made methane emissions at 45% by 2030 will drop by almost 0.3 degrees Celsius. global warming in the 2040s, preventing more than a quarter of a million premature deaths. But the scientific approach to reducing the emissions from cow digestion is much more difficult than to limit other methane emissions, such as oil and gas field outbreaks or leaks from fields. bury. Cows and other ruminants use microbes in their stomachs to break down tough fibers that cannot be digested by humans. Therefore, suppressing the methane they generate requires adjusting the biology and physiology of the animal. Like the Kowbucha solution, Fonterra is working on using red seaweed to suppress bacteria. The company partnered with the Dutch Royal DSM NV Nutrition Company to accelerate the rollout of Bovaer, a synthetic feed supplement that has been shown to reduce methane emissions by about 30%. The company, which has an annual $ 72 million research budget, has also researched the development of “climate-smart” cows whose stomachs release less methane, as well as research to develop vaccines. But producing climate-friendly cows takes years and vaccine development is “very, very difficult,” Hill said. Seaweeds, which have attracted a lot of attention in recent years, are difficult to eat in grassland animals, species that do not like the taste and may have safety problems with substances such as bromoform, A toxic chemical found in small amounts in ocean plants. Dairy companies are under increasing consumer pressure to reduce livestock carbon emissions, according to Dan Blaustein-Rejto, director of agriculture and food at Breakthrough Institute, an environmental research organization. Creating more climate-friendly products could allow them to gain an edge and could help fight competition from a growing number of alternatives, such as oatmilk, sandwiches. Vegan meats and other plant-based alternatives. If successful, the New Zealand efforts could serve as a test case for the global livestock industry, especially countries like Ireland and Brazil that rely on ruminants for a share of export revenue. . But the Climate Change Commission says technologies under development cannot be considered to meet the interim goal. Harry Clark, commissioner of the Climate Change Commission, said: “The silver bullet (referring to the easy, quick-PV solution) for dairy technology has only been taken into account for the past 12 years. It hasn’t worked yet. “

Earth Day is launched by the United Nations, held on April 22 every year, to encourage movements to protect the environment around the world to prevent more frequent disasters. climate change and environmental destruction. April 22 this year will be the 51st Earth Day in the world. Since 1970 until now, the Foundation for Earth (Earthday.org) has been working with more than 75,000 partners in more than 190 countries to promote active action to protect planet Earth. In response to Earth Day 2021, from April 20 to 22, the Foundation for the Earth calls on the world to take action with world leaders to prevent the upcoming catastrophes of gas change. posterity and environmental destruction; together restore the Earth. “Restoring our Earth” is also the theme of Earth Day 2021 in the context of the world facing the Covid 19 pandemic and towards restoring normal life, economic recovery and restoration. Earth. Our Earth Restoration theme focuses on the emerging green technologies and natural processes that can restore the world’s ecosystems. In this way, the subject rejects the notion that mitigation or adaptation is the only way to address climate change. Rubbish at Lake Uru Uru, in Oruro, Bolivia, March 30, 2021. EPA photo. The global summit on climate was initiated by US President Biden On Earth Day this year, it is very special that the “Leaders Summit on Climate Change” will take place on April 22 and 23 and chaired by US President Joe Biden. This is one of the outstanding activities of the events celebrating Earth Day this year. The summit on climate is held in an online format with the participation of leaders from countries with major economies in the world. This summit also marks the 5-year anniversary of the signing of the Paris Agreement on climate change (December 12, 2015). On April 21, in a statement, a spokesman for China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that Chinese President Xi Jinping will attend the summit on climate change organized by the US via online form. and there will be an important speech. President Biden has invited 40 world leaders including those who care about the environment along with leaders from the countries rated as the most polluting, such as China and India. This will be an opportunity for the new US president to commit his intention to fight climate change through a clean energy revolution for businesses and job creation for the people. The event will be streamed live for the public to follow. Many events are held for Earth Day Official poster of Earth Day 2021. Source: earthday.org. There will be hundreds of events held around the world during the largest event on the planet. The Organization for the Earth alone will organize “Three Days of Climate Change”, a three-day conference with many seminars and presentations. The event started on April 20 with the Global Youth Summit hosted by Earth Uprising. This global youth summit includes seminars, speeches, discussions and messages with the participation of prominent climate activists such as Greta Thunberg, Alexandria Villasenõr and Licypriya Kangujam. On the evening of April 20, the Hip Hop Caucus organization and its partners organized an online summit “We Shall Breathe”. This digital event will look at climate and environmental justice and equity, the links of the climate crisis to pollution, poverty, and racism. and pandemic. On April 21, the Multilingual Online Summit that spanned various time zones with the participation of prominent activists from the continents, focused on the important role of climate change educators and why we need climate change education right now. The conference is hosted by Education International (Education International) with the theme Education for the Earth. In parallel with the aforementioned global climate summit, the For the Earth Organization will hold seminars, special discussion groups to focus on the topic “Restoring Our Earth”, in That will cover natural processes, green technologies and innovative thinking that can restore the world’s ecosystems. Selected topics include: Understanding of climate and environment; Climate recovery technology; Efforts to reforest forests; Regenerative agriculture; Equity and justice for the environment; Science and civic education about the Earth and the environment; Clean up the world and more. Create beautiful pictures from the many pieces of the Earth NASA’s #ConnectedByEarth program will connect participants around the world. Photo: NASA. To celebrate Earth Day 2021, the US Aerospace Agency (NASA) will host an online Earth Day event from April 21 to 24, focusing on a more sustainable way of life on the home planet. Explore our relationships between Atmosphere, water cycle, forests, fields, cities, ice caps and Earth’s climate. The program #ConnectedByEarth will feature live presentations by NASA scientists, conversations with astronauts and space scientists, videos, interactive science content, an kid-friendly play area, a scavenger hunt, hundreds of downloadable resources and more. Additionally, on Earth Day and throughout this week, each individual can celebrate with people all over the planet by posting an image on social media of the part of Earth connecting you with planet and tag this image with #ConnectedByEarth. Through #ConnectedByEarth, NASA says, aggregated images of various regions, humans and other creatures shared by people create a beautiful picture of the many pieces of the puzzle that are connected to each other in our world.

Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ngo Duc Thanh, Hanoi University of Science and Technology. (Photo: Bich Lien) That is shared by Assoc. Ngo Duc Thanh, Hanoi University of Science and Technology – a young scientist who has just received the nomination for the Ta Quang Buu Prize in 2021 announced by the Ministry of Science and Technology. Sincere and full of enthusiasm of the scientist who met us, Assoc.Prof.Dr. Thanh said: Global climate change (CC) is a contemporary challenge that humanity is facing. Many human and computational resources are focused by the world to make future climate change scenarios under different assumptions. In 2012, at an international conference in Vietnam led by Assoc. Ngo Duc Thanh co-organized, Coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiments (Southeast Asia) project coordinated Regional Climate Downscaling Experiments (Southeast Asia) was established with the goal of sharing computational resources, human resources and promoting research for Southeast Asia. As soon as CORDEX-SEA was initiated, Assoc. Ngo Duc Thanh and his colleagues have embarked on research on simulating extreme temperature and precipitation factors for Southeast Asia. The study focuses on a number of climatic factors for the entire Southeast Asia region such as the number of heavy rainy days, the number of consecutive rainy or no rainy days, the number of days when the temperature is too hot or too cold … The program helped him to be named in the list of nominees for the Ta Quang Buu Award in 2021 – the project “Evaluation of the ability of the RegCM4 model to simulate the extreme indicators of rain and temperature in the CORDEX-Southeast. ASIAN”. According to Assoc. Ngo Duc Thanh, there are currently many models with different parameter configurations that can be used to calculate future climate change for the global as well as for individual regions such as Southeast Asia. However, different models will give different errors in different countries, regions, and times. During more than 4 years of implementation, Assoc. Ngo Duc Thanh and international colleagues conducted 18 simulation experiments to find the most suitable and optimal model configuration capable of representing the extreme climatic factors of rain and heat. area. 18 experiments were also ranked, from which the most optimal set of model parameters were selected, serving the long-term climate change projection until the end of the 21st century. After being announced, the work received the attention of the research community inside and outside the area. By providing the most optimal model parameters for long-term simulation experiments in Southeast Asia, the work is extremely important, helping to save significant resources and computation time. planning future climate change for the entire region. Initial research results are positive, but things have not stopped. Assoc.Prof.Dr. Ngo Duc Thanh said that, along with the results obtained, many big questions were re-opened: What is the cause of the difference in rainfall increase and decrease in different regions of the region? How do changes in the rain temperature regime affect extreme phenomena such as floods, droughts, hot weather …? However, the thing that Assoc. Ngo Duc Thanh feels most confident and confident that it is the handshake association of international scientists. Never before has the inter-country cooperation in the field been so extremely challenging as meteorology and climate change have been so closely coordinated. Talking more about the success of the project, Assoc.Prof.Dr. Thanh said: This is not only an honor for each individual scientist but also an opportunity for the field of meteorology / climate to be “quietly” and Picky learners, workers get more attention from society. Concerned about this field has not been concerned by many people, he expressed: There are very few young people interested in studying this field because this is also a challenging issue. “In recent years, each course has only recruited very few students, leading to this industry often scored relatively low, while the industry is in need of people who are good at math, physics and computer science.” In addition, during his work, he witnessed “inflows of people coming and going” in a number of hydro-meteorological research units, partly due to working conditions and inadequate income. living did not attract them. “We need the push to create a team of high-quality meteorologists that can be dedicated and passionate about the industry. That way can meet the needs of the society, solving practical and urgent problems such as forecasting natural disasters or researching climate change ”, Assoc.Prof.Dr. Thanh shared. /. The Ta Quang Buu Award is awarded annually by the Ministry of Science and Technology to honor scientists who have outstanding achievements in basic research in the fields of natural sciences and engineering. In 2021, together with TS. Bui Minh Tuan, Assoc. TS. Ngo Duc Thanh, a famous meteorologist was nominated for the “Main Award” category of this award. The Awards Ceremony is expected to be held on May 18 – Vietnam Science and Technology Day.

In Kyoto this year, cherry blossoms bloom from March 26, the earliest in over 1,200 years. Many centuries ago, the flowering time in this area usually took place in mid-April, then gradually shifted to early April in the 19th century. (Photo: CNN) Flowers bloom at Daigoji Temple, Kyoto. (Photo: Twitter) This is the earliest cherry blossom season in the past 1,200 years in Japan. (Photo: CNN) The peak full bloom of cherry blossoms only lasted a few days. (Photo: Twitter) Scientists warn, unusually early blooms could be a sign of a major climate change (Image: Twitter) Cherry blossoms bloom at Kitanomaru Park in Tokyo, Japan, March 23. (Photo: CNN) Maruyama Sakura Park, one of the famous cherry blossom viewing spots in Kyoto. (Photo: Twitter) Cherry blossoms bloom on both sides of Tokyo’s streets, on March 29. (Photo: AP) The unusual weather fluctuations caused the cherry trees to bloom earlier. (Photo: AP) Scenery on Meguro River, Tokyo, Japan, March 28. (Photo: AP) People going to see the cherry blossoms are conscious of wearing masks to prevent epidemics. (Photo: AP) Cherry blossom viewing is a tradition dating back more than 1,000 years in Japan. (Photo: AP) Japan’s capital Tokyo has many ideal flower viewing spots. (Photo: EPA) Cherry blossoms are temperature sensitive, so their blooming cycles are susceptible to climate change. (Photo: The Washington Post)

An image of polluted air was taken on February 13, following the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, in Beijing, China. Photo: Reuters. On April 20, the International Energy Agency said that global CO2 emissions from electricity use will increase by nearly 5% this year. This suggests that an economic recovery from Covid-19 could bring many benefits, except for climate sustainability. The IEA’s 2021 Global Energy Assessment predicts that carbon dioxide emissions will rise to 33 billion tons this year, 1.5 billion tons higher than in 2020, the highest increase in more than a decade. IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol said this year’s increase in emissions this year could be increased by the recovery of coal use in the power sector, which is forecast to be particularly strong in Asia. It will also put pressure on governments to take action on climate change. US President Joe Biden will hold an online summit involving dozens of world leaders this week to discuss climate change ahead of global negotiations in Scotland at the end. this year. Last year, as electricity usage fell due to the Covid-19 pandemic, energy-related CO2 emissions fell 5.8% to 31.5 billion tons, after reaching a peak in 2019 of 33, 4 billion tons. The IEA’s annual review analyzed the latest country data from around the world, economic growth trends and new energy projects. Global energy demand is expected to grow 4.6 percent by 2021, led by developing economies, pushing it above 2019 levels, the report says. Demand for fossil fuels is on the rise in 2021, with both coal and gas rising above 2019 levels. IEA said more than 80% of its forecast for coal demand growth by 2021 will come from Asia, led by China. Coal use in the US and the European Union is also on the rise but will remain below pre-crisis levels.

Despite the disruptions caused by the corona pandemic, the conversion of the energy supply to more sustainable resources has made progress. Last year almost $ 500 billion was invested in the energy transition worldwide, more than ever before. 92 of 115 countries examined have made progress since 2010, reports the Foundation of the World Economic Forum (WEF) in Geneva. Eight of the ten largest economies in the world have also committed to becoming climate neutral by the middle of the century, i.e. not emitting any more CO2 on balance. “All of the leading ten economies have significantly improved their ecological sustainability, especially when it comes to reducing the carbon footprint in the energy mix, supported by strong political commitment and investments in the energy transition,” writes the WEF. The number of people without electricity has decreased significantly since 2010.

Fossil fuels still dominate

But there is still a lot to be done. The authors of the study point out that in 2018 81 percent of global energy came from fossil fuels, and global emissions rose steadily in the period up to 2019. 770 million people around the world still have no access to electricity. The experts also note that the progress made in the energy transition is very uneven. High-income countries made more progress than emerging economies compared to the rest of the world. The world ranking of the countries with the greatest efforts in this area (“Energy Transition Index”) is headed by Sweden, followed by Norway and Denmark. Of the ten largest economies in the world, only Great Britain and France are in the top 10. They only cause around three percent of energy-related CO2 emissions and make up around two percent of the world’s population.

Germany does not belong to the top group

Germany does not belong to the top group. The Federal Republic has moved up from 20th place to 18th place in a year-on-year comparison, but this means that progress has been limited. The reason is the still high share of coal-fired electricity in the energy supply, while France and Great Britain benefit from the largely emission-free nuclear energy. The USA was in 24th place (after 32nd place in the previous year), China on 68 (78), India fell from 74 to 87. It remains to be seen whether the restructuring of the energy supply is really sustainable. The corona pandemic has questioned the resilience of the energy transition, the WEF states. Because many countries simply lack the necessary money to push ahead with the restructuring of their energy supply. Digitization poses a further danger for energy systems. This would create new risks that would jeopardize the “reliability, resilience and affordability” of future energy, according to the WEF. In this decade it is therefore important to guarantee the implementation of the energy transition and to push it further. For this to succeed, it is “of crucial importance” that politics work hand in hand with private actors in the economy. Of course, the prerequisite is that the global economy quickly gets back on its feet after the end of the pandemic. This is the only way to create a resilient energy transition.

State President Nguyen Xuan Phuc attends the Opening Session of the Summit on Climate (Photo: VGP). At the invitation of US President Joe Biden, on the evening of April 23, State President Nguyen Xuan Phuc delivered an important speech on the topic “Economic benefits of Climate Action” at the Summit on Climate Post, held in the online form for two days April 22-23. State President Nguyen Xuan Phuc affirmed that as a country heavily affected by climate change, especially in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam commits to take drastic action to respond comprehensively to climate change. including 9% reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions by domestic resources and up to 27% reduction with bilateral and multilateral international support. According to the President, Vietnam will continue to drastically reduce coal power, rapidly increase the share of renewable energy to 30% of the total primary energy supply by 2045, and domesticize international commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to organize and implement the program to plant 1 billion green trees by 2025. The President also shared views of many countries on the benefits of a transition to a green economy, zero emissions, especially on job creation, ensuring energy security, and improving. competitiveness and sustainability of the economy, but also emphasized that developing countries still face many challenges in their transition due to difficulties in capital and technology. The State President emphasized that the transition must be fair, inclusive and equal in terms of opportunities and benefits of the people, so that no one will be “left behind”; urges developed countries to continue to lead the way in reducing emissions and increasing financial, technology, and green energy support, and building efficient, high-quality infrastructure associated with creating more jobs. developing countries, including Vietnam. The State President believes that the implementation of the logistics objectives is appropriate to the conditions of each country and integrated into the national development strategies and plans. During the two days of the conference, senior leaders of 41 countries and the Secretary-General of the United Nations made a speech, emphasizing that climate change continues to be the biggest challenge for humanity and showing determination. accelerate efforts to respond to climate change. Some major economies such as the US, China, Japan … have made a strong commitment to reducing emissions by 2030, declaring zero emissions by 2050 or before 2060. Many countries call on the international community to promote green growth, invest more in renewable energy projects. The United States and a number of countries are committed to increasing their financial contributions to the climate. For their part, many developing countries reaffirm the historical responsibility of developed countries, the principle of common but different responsibility, calling on developed countries to fulfill the obligation to make financial contributions and support. to assist developing countries in building capacity to adapt and mitigate to climate change.

Lavender fields in a village in northern India are filled with purple. Photo: the Guardian According to the Guardian, the village of Lehrote became famous when a farmer named Bharat Bhushan – 43 years old, won the prestigious award for innovation in the field of farming from the Indian Institute of Agricultural Research. This is one of the organizations promoting the campaign to deal with climate change and its impact on the agricultural sector. Lavender is a good drought tolerant plant that can grow and grow on poor soil, does not need a lot of water and loves the sun. “I started growing lavender in 2010 during the Indian Institute of Integrated Medicine campaign in Jammu. This is a very easy plant and doesn’t need a lot of watering. I only use cow manure to fertilize the plant.” Mr. Bharat Bhushan shared. According to Bharat Bhushan, there are more than 500 farmers in this area growing lavender. He also prepared two nurseries for breeding this flower. From now on, this village has become an area specializing in growing and distilling lavender. Domestic demand for lavender essential oil remains quite high and growers like Bharat Bhushan often sell the distilled essential oil directly to customers in cities in India such as Mumbai and Delhi. “The easy-to-grow nature of lavender makes it popular with farmers. The income from lavender cultivation is much better than from other crops like corn. One hectare of lavender land has. can help farmers get 30-45 liters of essential oil, “said senior scientist Sumeet Gairola. Recently, the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) announced the expansion of the “Fragrant Mission” campaign with the participation of farmers from northern Indian states such as Uttarakhand, Nagaland and Asam. Thus, fields of flowers filled with purple hues are likely to soon become a popular sight across India.

Artwork: Getty In an explanatory statement released later, New York Mayor Bill de Blasio emphasized: “We need to attack the biggest polluting corporations, with false advertising about fighting climate change.” According to the head of the New York City Consumer and Workers Protection Agency Lorelei Salas, energy corporations have committed acts of harming consumers’ interests by always advertising only products. “Clean and environmentally friendly” without mentioning, even “hiding” negative impacts on the climate. And this has influenced consumers’ decisions and protecting benefits. profits for oil and gas corporations. This is not the first time New York City has “declared war” on the giants of the oil industry. In early 2018, New York Mayor De Blasio announced the city was suing five fossil fuel companies – BP, Exxon Mobil, Chevron, ConocoPhillips and Shell – to federal court for their roles in Climate Change. At the end of 2019, New York City continued to sue ExxonMobil Group in a climate change issue. Lawsuits are filed with the aim of forcing energy corporations to tell the truth about commercial behavior and the products they sell, according to New York City Law Officer James Johnson. “Consumers have the right to choose different products and many consumers are very concerned about climate change”, added Mr. James Jhonson.

President Joe Biden. Photo: AP Along with the participation of the US, the leaders of the countries have promoted a new commitment to reduce harmful fossil fuel pollution on the first day of the summit organized by the US. However, observers hope video conferencing between senior leaders of countries will look towards new action to deal with climate pollution and as money for the UN meeting in November in Glasgow. . The world will face “dangerous moments” but also “opportunities”, President Biden declared during the online summit to have the participation of 40 world leaders. “The signals are unmistakable. The science is undeniable. The cost of delay continues to rise,” said President Biden. Before the summit, the pledge of President Biden once spoke out to cut 52% of US fossil fuel emissions by 2030. This comes 4 years after the US withdraws from the climate change agreement. The Biden administration this week is outlining a new vision for a prosperous, clean energy America. At that time, factories will focus on the production of advanced batteries and electric cars. At the conference, Japan announced its goal of cutting emissions by 46% and South Korea said it would stop giving public funding to new coal-fired power plants. This is considered an important turning point to persuade China and other countries to limit dependence on coal fuel. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said he would increase fossil fuel pollution cuts from 30% to at least 40%. In a report by insurance firm Swiss Re (Switzerland), climate change could cause up to $ 23,000 billion in damage to the agriculture, health and physical infrastructure sectors, as well as to government spending direction. Joining hands to deal with climate change The complicated developments of the epidemic make the climate change summit to be held in an online format. However, the participation of the leaders of the countries shows the joint efforts to deal with the climate change challenges taking place around the world. Chinese President Xi Jinping expressed his determination to cooperate with the US in promoting efforts to cut emissions. “Protecting the environment is about protecting productivity. Promoting a healthy environment is about promoting labor productivity”, President Xi Jinping emphasized. Russian President Vladimir Putin also offers opinions and pushes on efforts to cope with climate change. “Russia is really interested in increasing international cooperation in search of effective solutions to climate change and all other important challenges. Russia is currently the fourth country in number. Large fossil fuel smoke emissions are harmful to the climate. Observers say that efforts to cope with climate change are the driving force for leaders of all countries to push disputes and tensions aside for a good and healthy world. Fossil fuel emissions on earth increase rapidly, according to analysts. The Biden administration’s commitment will require a major effort to address current climate change issues. German Chancellor Angela Merkel is one of several allies that support a return to the United States in response to current climate change. “I am delighted to see that the United States has returned to working with us in climate politics. Because of America’s involvement and we need you to join hands in accomplishing our great goal,” Chancellor Merkel spoke out in her speech at the online summit. Pope Pop Francis is also strong: “I wish you [nước Mỹ] succeed in this great decision to meet, step forward and accompany all the way “. According to scientists, the alarming level of climate change comes from operations at coal plants, car engines and other fossil fuel use. These are reasons that exacerbate the risk of droughts, floods, storms, wildfires and other natural disasters. Leaders of small states and island nations also voiced the serious challenge of rising sea levels and increasing natural disasters. The countries are also calling for international assistance to cut emissions from world powers.

The Secretary of the Can Tho City Party Committee presents souvenirs to the US Consulate General in Ho Chi Minh City. The Secretary of the Can Tho City Party Committee said that the city is very interested in and wants to connect with leading scientists in the United States to build comprehensive and long-term solutions and plans to respond to climate change. At the same time, the Consulate General would like to connect potential investors in the renewable energy, education and health sectors of the United States to explore opportunities for investment cooperation and encourage the programs and projects of the United States are deployed in the city, increasing regular cooperation activities between the two sides. Ms. Marie C. Damour thanked the leaders of Can Tho City for the solemn reception and expressed her impression on the creative learning spirit of Vietnamese students and wished the two sides would have cooperation in resource development. human resources of Vietnam in general and Can Tho city in particular. According to the Consul General, the United States has strengths in many fields such as: energy, health, infrastructure development … Based on the potential and development orientation of Can Tho City, she believes in cooperation. cooperation between the two sides in the future and the diplomatic relationship between the US and Can Tho city is expected to develop.

Google Earth desktop and mobile time lapse is now available worldwide. PHOTO: GOOGLE. Google Earth users can see the dreadful impact climate change has had over the past four decades. Google’s latest feature, Timelapse, is an eye-opening engineering marvel that provides visual evidence of how Earth has changed due to climate change and human behavior. This tool takes a static image of the platform and transforms it into a dynamic 4D experience, allowing users to click through the timeline highlighting melted ice caps, receding glaciers, massive urban growth, and the impact of forest fires on agriculture. Google says it took two million processing hours on thousands of machines in Google Cloud to compile 24 million satellite photos, 800 videos captured and recorded between 1984 and 2020 on Timelapse. The company has worked with NASA, the US Geological Survey’s Landsat program, the European Union’s Copernicus program and Sentinel satellites, and the Carnegie Mellon University CREATE Laboratory, to help develop the technology. Satellite images taken of Dubai in 2002 and 2020. Source: GOOGLE. To explore Timelapse in Google Earth, a user can type any location into the search bar to see the location in motion, whether it’s a landmark or a neighborhood where they grew up. Google says it has removed elements such as clouds and shadows from images, and has calculated a single pixel for every location on Earth annually since 1984; put them together into one Timelapse video. Google Earth’s Timelapse tool shows the changing coastlines, the dramatic expansion of the cityscape and agricultural land, as well as the simultaneous degradation of glaciers, forests, and rivers. Through Timelapse one can see the coast of Cape Cod gradually shifting south, the development of agriculture in the middle of the desert in Al Jowf, Saudi Arabia and the development of Songdo beach, a beach. man-made in Busan, Korea. “Visual evidence can get to the core of a debate in a way that words cannot convey complex issues to people,” said Rebecca Moore, director of Google Earth. Google has also made guided tours through its Voyager storytelling platform, around some of the broader changes seen in the image. Satellite images show the Aral Sea in Kazakhstan in 1988 and 2006. Source: GOOGLE. Google said it hopes governments, researchers, journalists, teachers, and advocates will analyze their images, identity trends, and share their findings. “We invite everyone to use Timelapse and share it with others,” Ms. Moore said: “We invite everyone to use Timelapse and share it with others. Timelapse in Google Earth is a miniature to gauge the health and well-being of our single home and a tool that can educate and inspire action “. Climate change is causing frequent and more severe floods, droughts, storms and heat waves as global average temperatures rise to new record levels. Scientists have warned that an increase in global greenhouse gas emissions could lead to extreme weather conditions and higher risks from natural disasters. While the new tool can help raise awareness about our current climate crisis, a bigger challenge is translating that perception into action. Dr Jennifer Marlon, an environmental science researcher at the Yale Program on Climate Change Communications, said: “There is a large number of people who still believe that human activity cannot change the entire planet. . Those people probably won’t surf on Google Earth. But maybe their kids will watch at school and take them home telling their parents, “Mom and dad, look at this.” Google Earth’s time lapse is now available worldwide.

Emission from a factory in Scunthorpe, UK. Photo: AFP / VNA This week, the UK is expected to commit to a stronger cut in carbon emissions on its role as COP26 President country later this year. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson will announce a new commitment to reducing emissions by 78% by 2035 compared to 1990 levels. The new UK target will be announced ahead of the US Climate Summit on This Thursday (April 22), the event that US President Joe Biden will also outline a new US national goal for carbon reduction. The UK’s new goal is a more ambitious step up from the previous goal of reducing emissions by 68% by 2030, already one of the most ambitious among the developed economies. To achieve this goal, Britain will have to make changes to most industrial activities, such as switching to electrical systems, according to a report by the Climate Change Commission, an independent advisory group of the UK Government. works without creating carbon emissions, reducing meat and dairy consumption, replacing low-carbon heating in the home, and growing more trees. The UK is one of the first major economies to commit to zero net emissions by 2050. The United States is expected to adopt a similar goal under the Biden administration. The UK is the host country of the COP26 Conference scheduled to be held in Glasgow in November this year. The UK is also trying to lobby other countries to adopt more ambitious climate goals ahead of the conference.

Climate change is described as increasingly severe. Billionaire, philanthropist and Microsoft founder Bill Gates has published his latest book titled “How to Avoid a Climate Disaster”. Not only rich, considered the owner of a great brain, Bill Gates is also known for his predictions about the future, like a global pandemic Covid-19 that he saw six years ago. During a presentation at the TED Talk 2015, Gates urged nations to work together to prepare for a pandemic that could come at any moment. At this point, when the Covid -19 translation was on the verge of being controlled, the billionaire turned a new interest. He said that the world should prepare for a possible climate disaster, and we should best work together to find ways to prevent it. Here are some excerpts from the book “How to avoid a climate disaster” by billionaire Bill Gates. Billionaire Bill Gates. “Letter” of billionaire Bill Gates “As of February 2021, Covid-19 has claimed the lives of more than 2.2 million people worldwide. The pandemic has changed the way we work, the way we live and the way we communicate in society. But at the same time, 2020 is also a pivotal year for us to have new hopes on climate change … In 2021, the United Nations will gather in Scotland for a summit. Another big peak on climate change. Of course, there is no guarantee that we will make any progress in addressing climate change. But opportunities still open from there. Bill Gates continues: I plan to spend much of my time in 2021 talking to world leaders on both climate change and Covid-19. I will make it clear to them that many lessons from the pandemic can also be applied to climate change. Let’s say our values ​​and principles guide us to a pandemic. First, we need international cooperation. The phrase “we have to work together” is easy to be seen as cliché, but it’s true. As governments, researchers, and pharmaceutical companies work together during the Covid-19 pandemic, the world has made remarkable progress, including that the development and testing of vaccines are already in place. show in record time. And when we don’t learn from each other, we prolong our own misery. The same is true of climate change. If rich countries work hard to reduce their own greenhouse gas emissions without thinking of sharing clean technologies with everyone, then we will never reach zero carbon emissions. . In another passage, billionaire Bill Gates writes: We need science – indeed, interdisciplinary science – to guide our efforts. During the Covid-19 pandemic, we looked to biology, virology and pharmacology, as well as political science and economics – after all. And just as epidemiology tells us about the risks of Covid-19 but does not say how we must stop it, climate science also tells us why we need to change. changing course but not telling how we should do it. To do this, we have to rely on engineering, physics, environmental science, economics … And our solutions must meet the needs of the group of people most severely affected. With Covid-19, the people who suffer the most are the ones with the fewest options – for example, they cannot work from home or take time to care for themselves or their loved ones. And most of them are people of color, people on low incomes. Among those hospitalized for treatment, the death rate from Covid-19 was four times higher than among the poor. Globally, Covid-19 has erased many progress after decades of efforts to reduce poverty and disease. It took us 25 years of progress in just about 25 weeks. Therefore, we need to plan a precise transition into a zero-emission future. People in poor countries need help adapting to a warmer world. Ultimately, we can do things that both help rescue economies from the Covid-19 catastrophe and spark innovation to avoid a climate catastrophe. By investing in clean energy research and development. Do not let the “war” be forgotten The impacts of climate change are visible globally, but reality shows that vulnerable people in developing countries suffer most of the extreme weather events such as storms, floods and periods of extreme heat, while the impact of climate change is visible globally. At the 2021 Climate Change Adaptation Summit hosted by the Netherlands in an online format, people had access to the issues raised by Germanwatch Environmental Consultation Organization. This organization has emphasized the “fate” of poor countries in the climate change process. The organization also said that the $ 100 billion a year that industrialized countries committed to contribute to climate change will not come true, because only a small portion of this amount is used because climate change adaptation goals. Germanwatch Foundation’s David Eckstein also said that eight of the 10 countries most affected between 2000 and 2019 were developing countries with low or even low per capita incomes. “Poorer countries are hit hardest because they are more vulnerable to the effects of a hazard and are less able to cope.” Over the past 20 years, globally nearly 480,000 deaths are directly related to more than 11,000 extreme weather events. Economic loss amounted to about 2.56 trillion USD (in purchasing power parity terms. “The global Covid-19 pandemic has reminded us of the fact that vulnerable countries are exposed to various risks – climate, geophysical, economic, health and holes. That gap is systematic and all linked together ”- Ms. Laura Schaefer of Germanwatch Foundation said. Fortunately, besides the urgent fight against the Covid-19 pandemic, the fight against climate change has not been completely forgotten. A recent survey shows that nearly two-thirds of people polled around the world currently consider climate change a threat to humanity. However, the same number of respondents said that national governments are not interested in the “hook-up” to combat climate change. The survey, titled “Survey on the people’s climate” organized by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) in conjunction with Oxford University, covers over 50 countries. About 1.22 million people of all genders, ages and education levels participated in the survey, in which young people participated in a significant number (about 550,000 people aged 14-18 years old participated). Cassie Flynn – UNDP Strategic Advisor Cassie Flynn said: “People are frightened, they are seeing wildfires in Australia and California, they are seeing acute storms. years and in the Caribbean, they are witnessing floods in Southeast Asia. We have to do something about it. ” Environmental protection organizations have agreed to put in place the top 4 policies, including: 1 / Forest and land conservation (54%) 2 / Use solar, wind and renewable energy (53%) 3 / Climate-friendly farming techniques (52%) 4 / Invest more money in green businesses and jobs (50%). The least favored options for dealing with climate change are plant-based diets, with only 30% of respondents believing it to be the best approach. To date, the question of what the world has done in the fight against climate change, is considered to be still “hanging”. Nearly six years ago, the international community gathered in Paris to develop a joint approach with the aim of combating climate change and reaching the Paris Agreement. Countries have agreed to set a goal to increase their capacity to respond to global climate change by limiting the increase in the Earth’s surface temperature to no more than 2 degrees Celsius and trying to be 1.5 degrees C lower than with the pre-industrial stage. However, in July 2019, the global temperature exceeded 1.2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels, equal to or even surpass the record of the hottest month since the start of the temperature statistics. . The Secretary-General of the United Nations, Antonio Guterres, has repeatedly stressed that our planet is on its way to experiencing the hottest years in its history. Mr. Guterres said that in order to win the war in climate change, the most important thing is the voluntary contribution of the countries. Here, very important are the rich countries. The UN Secretary-General also said that the international community is still not acting fast enough given the rising global emissions and the rising temperatures. “If we continue to act late, there will be a catastrophe that will raise global temperatures by 3 degrees C or more in this century,” Guterres said, emphasizing that, there is a need to change the head from a gray and dirty economy to a green one. “We have technology and now we have to make it available to all people in all countries. And must act now! Every factor that leads to global warming is likely to exist, and the longer we wait, the greater the negative impact will inevitably be. ” And, it is extremely important that even though the war against the Covid-19 epidemic is not over, it is impossible to neglect the global fight against climate change.

Coffee stenophylla is said to have a great taste. Photo: RBG KEW. In the dense rainforest of Sierra Leone, scientists have rediscovered a species of coffee that has disappeared in the wild for decades. This is a plant that can help ensure the future of coffee, which is already affected by climate change. In 2050, climate change halves coffee production On April 19, researchers said, this coffee tree has a name Coffea stenophylla , is able to withstand higher temperatures than Arabica coffee accounts for 56% and Robusta coffee accounts for 43% of global production. Stenophylla has been shown to have a premium taste, similar to Arabica. Botanist Aaron Davis, who leads research on the anti-climate change stenophylla coffee. Photo: Inews. Botanist Aaron Davis, who led the study published in the journal Nature Plants , said, before disappearing, stenophylla plants were grown in regions of West Africa and exported to Europe until the early 20th century. According to Mr. Davis, the stenophylla coffee tree has not been seen in the wild in Sierra Leone since 1954 and in the Ivory Coast since the 1980s. This is given as an evidence. Climate change is a pressing concern for the billion-dollar coffee industry. Many coffee farmers around the world are experiencing the negative effects of this phenomenon. The taste of Arabica is considered excellent and offers a higher price than robusta, which is mainly used for instant and blended coffee. But Arabica has a limited tolerance to climate change, and research has shown that global production of this coffee can drop by at least 50% by mid-century. The fruit of the stenophylla tree is dark black. Photo: Reuters. Unlike the red and sometimes yellow berries of Arabica and robusta, the stenophylla fruit is dark black. The coffee beans are inside the fruit. The stenophylla coffee grows at an average annual temperature of 24.9 ° C, 1.9 ° C higher than Robusta and up to 6.8 ° C higher than that, the researchers said. arabica coffee. Rediscovered stenophylla “proves the future” of the coffee industry Dr Davis said the rediscovery of stenophylla could help “prove the future” of the coffee industry, to support the economies of some tropical countries and provide livelihoods for more than 100 million farmers. people. Stenophylla can be used with minimal domestication, as a high value coffee for farmers in warmer climates. “In the long run, stenophylla provides us with an important resource for breeding a new generation of climate resistant coffee, as it has great taste and good heat resistance. “If historical reports on coffee leaf rust resistance and drought tolerance are believed to be correct, this will be a useful asset for coffee plant breeding”, Mr. Davis added. This study also included the evaluation of 18 coffee tasters on the taste of stenophylla species. A small sample of this coffee bean has been roasted and made into coffee, then enjoyed by a group of coffee connoisseurs. The report showed that more than 80% of the judges were unable to distinguish the difference between Stenophylla and Arabica when tasted. Accordingly, this species has a complex flavor, with a natural sweetness, high average acidity, and a fruity taste when sipping in the mouth. The rediscovered stenophylla grows wild in Sierra Leone. Photo: RBG KEW. From December 2018, Dr. Davis and study co-author Jeremy Haggar of the University of Greenwich and coffee developer Daniel Sarmu searched wild stenophylla in Sierra Leone, where it is historically grown as a coffee tree about a century ago. Initially, they discovered a single tree in central Sierra Leone. They then discovered a healthy population of wild stenophylla some 140 kilometers southeast of Sierra Leone. “Both sites are tropical rainforest, but stenophylla tends to appear on drier, more open areas: ridges, slopes, and rocky areas,” said Dr. Davis. According to Davis, stenophylla is threatened with extinction amid massive deforestation in three countries where it is growing wild: Sierra Leone, Guinea and Ivory Coast. “I think we are extremely optimistic about the future,” said Jeremy Torz, co-founder of the Union Hand-Roasted Coffee special coffee business in East London, which hosts the tasting of the coffee. stenophylla can deliver ”. Dr. Davis hopes one day that stenophylla will be re-grown in Sierra Leone on a large scale. “I think within five to seven years we will see stenophylla enter the market as a niche, high-value coffee, and then I think it will be more popular,” he said.

The new coffee variety Coffea Stenophylla has been forgotten for decades and has just been rediscovered. Photo: Reuters. In the dense rainforests of Sierra Leone, scientists have rediscovered a new species of coffee that has not been seen in the wild for decades – a species they think could help secure the future. of valuable items but are being affected by climate change. On April 19, researchers announced that the new coffee species, Coffea stenophylla, was more resistant to temperatures than Arabica (56% of global production) and Robusta (43%). ). Stenophylla has been shown to taste superb, they added, to be similar to Arabica. Botanist Aaron Davis, who led the study, was published in the journal Nature Plants According to the report, the new species of coffee Stenophylla was grown in parts of West Africa and exported to Europe until the early 20th century, and then abandoned after Robusta coffee was popularized. Many farmers around the world coffee belt are experiencing the negative effects of climate change – a pressing concern for a multibillion-dollar industry. The taste of Arabica coffee is considered excellent and offers a higher price than Robusta, which is mainly used for the production of instant and blended coffee. But Arabica coffee is less resistant to climate change. Research has shown that its global output could decline by at least 50% by the middle of this century. Stenophylla grows at an average annual temperature of 24.9 degrees C – 1.9 degrees C higher than Robusta and up to 6.8 degrees C higher than Arabica, the researchers said. . The rediscovery of Stenophylla coffee could help in the “future proof” of the coffee industry that supports the economies of some tropical countries and provides livelihoods for more than 100 million farmers, Mr. Davis – coffee research team leader at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew – said. “The idea is that Stenophylla can be used with minimal domestication, as a high value coffee for farmers in warmer climates,” he said. Stenophylla coffee provided us with an important resource for breeding a new generation of climate-resistant coffee trees, as it has excellent taste and high heat resistance. “If historical reports on the coffee’s resistance to rust (a fungus that ravaged coffee trees in Central and South America – PV) and the coffee plant’s drought tolerance is correct, then it is.” This means that it becomes even more useful to propagate the coffee plant, “Davis added. The study included taste assessments with 18 coffee tasters. Stenophylla has been found to have a complex flavor, with a natural sweetness, a medium high acidity, and a fruity taste when felt in the mouth. In December 2018, Davis and study co-author Jeremy Haggar of the University of Greenwich and coffee developer Daniel Sarmu looked for Stenophylla in nature. Initially, they discovered a single tree in central Sierra Leone. About 140 km (87 miles) southeast of Sierra Leone, they found a healthy population of Stenophylla. “Both sites are rainforest, but Stenophylla tends to appear on drier, more open areas: ridges, steep slopes and rocky areas,” Davis claims. Stenophylla has not been seen in the wild in Sierra Leone since 1954 and anywhere since the 1980s in Ivory Coast, he added. Stenophylla is threatened with extinction amid massive deforestation in three countries where it is known to grow wild: Sierra Leone, Guinea and Ivory Coast, the study’s new study author wrote. Unlike the red and sometimes yellow fruit of Arabica and Robusta, the fruit of the Stenophylla tree is dark black. The coffee beans are inside the fruit. Jeremy Torz, co-founder of Union Hand-Ro Rang Coffee special coffee business in East London, where part of the flavor test took place, said: “I think we are extremely optimistic about the future Stenophylla can bring “.

Forest conservation training in Spain. Photo GEUTREE The shrinking forest area seriously threatens the living environment, when the “green lung” is being destroyed every day. The destruction of nearly 70% of the world’s primary tropical forests has exacerbated climate change and biodiversity loss. Primeval rainforests, which are considered “natural buffers” to prevent climate change, are rapidly disappearing because of devastating human activities. According to the Rainforest Foundation Norway nonprofit, between 2002 and 2019, total forest loss was estimated to be greater than that of France. While another study by the World Resources Institute, on average, every six seconds, the area of ​​forest the equivalent of a football field disappears. The Secretary General of the United Nations, Australia, stressed that every year, the world loses 4.7 million hectares of forests, larger than the area of ​​Denmark. The International Organization for the Conservation of Nature (WWF) data shows that only 29 “hotspots” in South America, Africa and Southeast Asia account for 50% of the total deforestation area. bridge. Unsustainable agriculture is one of the main reasons for the disappearance of green forests. A huge area of ​​forest continues to be destroyed every year, mainly for large-scale agriculture. The biodiversity areas have been cleared for farming and livestock. In addition to the degradation of 30% of the forest, logging and land conversion, mainly for agriculture, have wiped out up to 34% of the world’s primary rainforests, leaving the rest of the forest standing. before the danger of further destruction in the future. Brazil’s Ammon forest has been a region of great pressure in the past decades as agricultural development has exploded. According to research by the Ammonia Geographical Reference Social Information Network (RAISG), about 8% of the world’s largest rainforest was destroyed between 2000 and 2018. Annual deforestation tripled between 2015 and 2018. With about 60% of Ammonia forest located in Brazil, the National Institute of Space Research Brazil (INPE The number of wildfires in this South American country increased by 12.7% in 2020, the highest level in the past decade. After Amonon in South America, the East-South Asian islands, largely in Indonesia, ranked second in deforestation since 2002, with most of the area The forest was cut down for palm oil plantations. Central Africa ranks third, with much of the destruction concentrated around the Congo River basin, due to logging and livestock. Scientists have warned about the implications of deforestation on the habitats of wild fauna and flora. Forests cover one third of the Earth’s land area and are home to 80% of all terrestrial wildlife and fauna. Meanwhile, about 90% of the world’s poorest depend on forest resources. The Secretary General of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) affirmed that forests play an important environmental role and provide essential services to millions of people. Many communities rely on forests for their livelihoods, as well as to ensure vast food security, climate regulation and stabilize the global economy. The dense tropical vegetation acts as the largest carbon reservoir, so the lost forest area is the main factor causing the increase in greenhouse gas emissions, causing the global temperature to heat up. The green forest has called out “cry for help” in the face of being destroyed by human activities. The United Nations and natural environment protection agencies call on the world to have a plan to help harmonize forest protection and wildlife habitat conservation with socio-economic benefits for people. people. Promoting human-appropriate wildlife and forest management models and measures, conservation of forest ecosystems and biodiversity is necessary and urgent.

According to the IPBES report in 2019, about 75% of the land area and 66% of the sea area on Earth has been “significantly changed” by humans. Livestock and farming are using more than 33% of the land and 75% of the fresh water. Agricultural activities are one of the main causes of greenhouse gas emissions, due to the use of fertilizers and deforestation for aquaculture. Plants and animals are also threatened by overharvesting and hunting; Climate Change; pollution and the spread of alien species. About a million species of plants and animals are facing extinction. Without strong measures, endemic landscapes and ecosystems on Earth will soon disappear forever Avenue of the baobab (Madagascar) Bao Bap Boulevard is the name of a group of old trees located along the dirt road connecting Morondava and Belon’i Tsiribihina, in the Menabe region in western Madagascar. Its magnificent scenery attracts visitors from all over the world, making it one of the most popular in the region. Faced with climate change and human farming activities, the fate of these baobab trees is increasingly threatened. At present, many efforts to preserve this place have been made, in the hope of preserving this fairy-tale avenue. Image: Economic Times. Yew Lake Caddo (Texas / Louisiana, USA) The 25,400-hectare Caddo Lake-Swamp, located on the border between Texas and Louisiana, is famous for its submerged conifer forest. Hundred-year old moss-covered larch trees lie on the water’s surface, setting the scene in Tolkien’s novels. Threatened by global warming and alien organisms, the growth rate of yew here has decreased rapidly. This is a protected wetland on an international level. Currently, visitors can explore this place by kayak. Image: Itookapic. Amazon Forest (South America) The Amazon forest stretches across many South American countries and is the largest tropical rainforest in the world, famous for its biodiversity. There are thousands of rivers here, creating an ecological environment for the rich flora and fauna, as well as providing a source of life for people. However, the increasing rate of deforestation and the global climate change have caused the forest area to shrink rapidly. With this momentum, according to a study published in Nature Communications, Amazon forests could turn into deserts within 50 years after their ecosystems reach the point of collapse. Image: Scoop. Dead Sea (Israel and Jordan) As the lowest inland area of ​​sea level, Dead Sea water has an average salinity of up to 35%, 10 times higher than normal seawater, making people float on the water and contain many minerals therapy. Experts believe that this water area will completely disappear in the next 50 years. Over the past four decades, the area of ​​the Dead Sea has shrunk by one third, and the water level has receded more than 24 meters, averaging 30 centimeters per year. The main reason is that the Jordan River – the main water source of the Dead Sea – is increasingly used by Jordan, Syria and Israel for domestic and agricultural purposes. This area is under additional pressure from cosmetic factories exploiting raw materials. Image: Walk My World. Great Barrier Reef (Australia) Australia’s huge coral ecosystem is about the size of Japan, with more than 2,900 separate coral reefs and 900 islands spread across an area of ​​344,400 square kilometers. However, scientists believe that by 2030, this place will disappear. The Australian Foundation says warming seawater, combined with water with a higher acidity, can kill 97% of the corals in the Great Barrier. Image: CNTraveler. Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) Located 1,000km inland, this is home to many endemic plant and animal species. Charles Darwin arrived here in 1835. Observations of species at the Galápagos inspired his later theory of evolution. However, the ecosystem here is threatened by overfishing as well as the warming of the sea water. Coral reefs are dying, and native animals are threatened by tourism. Image: Lonely Planet. Congo Basin (Africa) The Congo Basin spans the territory of 6 African countries, and is the second largest rainforest in the world, only after the Amazon. This place has about 10,000 species of tropical plants, 30% of which are endemic, along with many rare wild animals such as wild elephants, gorillas, chimpanzees … This is also inhabited by humans. for more than 50,000 years, it has provided food, water and shelter to more than 80 million people. Every year, two million hectares of forests in the Congo basin are destroyed, due to illegal logging, cultivation, mining, war … If conservation efforts are not accelerated, Scientists estimate that by 2040, about two-thirds of the forest will disappear. Image: Profor. Alaska Territory (Alaska, USA) The vast ice that covers the western and northern coasts of Alaska are the coldest biomes in the world. However, in recent years, the northern part of Alaska has seen a dramatic rise in temperature – faster than the global average, which has resulted in the melting of permafrost. Catastrophic fires also occurred, making the environment more fragile. The increasing rate of coastal erosion also has a direct effect on polar bears and their prey. Patagonian ice area (Argentina) As the largest subarctic ice in the southern hemisphere, the Patagonian ice sheet consists of three main zones: North, South and Cordillera Darwin. In total, they hold up to 5,500 gigatons of ice, enough to raise global sea levels 15 millimeters if all they melted. Its beautiful scenery has long been a world-famous tourist destination, for nature enthusiasts. However, the glaciers of Patagonia are thinning at an average rate of 1.8 m / year due to climate change and human impacts. Only three of them have expanded in recent years, but the rest – 90% – is shrinking. Image: Pexels.

Japanese people flock to the viewing spots for flowers. Photo: Getty. Each year, cherry blossoms only reach “peak in full bloom” for a few days. This is the law of nature that has existed for more than a thousand years. When it comes to cherry blossom season, Japanese people often flock to flower viewing spots for picnics or commemorative photos. But this year, the cherry blossom season comes and goes quickly. Scientists call this the earliest blooming season in history, and point out the cause: a climate crisis is threatening the ecosystem. The flowers bloom early The timing of cherry blossoms in full bloom can vary from year to year, depending on factors such as weather or rainfall. But in general, the cherry blossom season tends to come sooner. Researcher Yasuyuki Aono from Osaka Prefecture University gathered historical data in the city of Kyoto. According to Aono, this year’s flower season in Kyoto starts on March 26, the earliest in more than 1,200 years. Aono expert data shows that the city of Kyoto welcomes the cherry blossom season around mid-April for many centuries. From the 1800s, the flowering season shifts to around early April, during which a few years the flowering season takes place at the end of March. “Sakura flowers are very sensitive to temperature”, Mr. Aono analyzed. “The temperature can determine when the flowers bloom. Compared with the 1820s, the current temperature in Japan has increased by about 3.5 degrees C “. He also said that this year’s flower season clearly reflects the change in temperature. Specifically, this year’s winter in Japan is very cold while spring comes incredibly fast and warm. Therefore, cherry blossoms have “awakened with enough rest”. Cherry blossoms in Washington, USA, also bloom early. Photo: Getty. In Tokyo, the cherry blossoms bloom from March 22, the second earliest time in history. “As global temperatures warm, spring frosts occur early, leading to early blooming of cherry blossoms,” said Dr. Lewis Ziska of Columbia University of Environmental Health Sciences. Not only in Japan, the cherry blossoms in Washington, USA, also bloom early. According to the management of the National Park, this year’s cherry blossom season lasts only nearly a week, from March 31 to April 5. Ecosystem randomization However, early blooming is only the “tip of the iceberg”. Associate Professor Amos Tai from the University of Hong Kong warned of the global climate crisis that could destabilize the ecosystem and threaten the life of all species. In fact, plants and insects depend on each other. Both groups need to interact, influence each other, and at the same time need signals from the environment to “adjust their own life cycle”, according to Mr. Tai. Plants, for example, sense the temperature around them. If the temperature is warm enough for a certain amount of time, they will start to leaf, shoot and flower. Likewise, insects and many other animals are temperature dependent throughout their life cycle. Rising temperatures can accelerate growth in animals. “The relationship between plants and insects and other organisms has evolved over the years, that is, thousands to millions of years,” said Mr. Tai. But in recent centuries, climate change is destroying everything and disturbing these relationships ”. Plants and insects can react to increases in temperature at different rates, leaving their lifecycle out of sync. This means plants and insects may not grow together in the spring. Now, flowers can bloom before the insect is ready, or vice versa. “Insects will not find nutrients from plants and plants do not have enough nutrients to pollinate,” Mr. Tai concluded. In Tokyo, the cherry blossoms bloom from March 22. Photo: Getty. According to a 2009 study in the journal Biological Conservation , over the past few decades, a number of flora and fauna have transformed themselves to escape the effects of climate change. But the ecosystem is increasingly difficult to adapt, as the climate becomes unpredictable. “Ecosystems are not used to such large fluctuations,” said Tai. “The productivity of ecosystems can be degraded, even collapsed in the future.” The effects of climate change are not limited to cherry blossom season. Mr. Tai said that life cycle changes occurred in many crops of economic value, posing challenges to food security and farmers’ livelihoods. At the same time, food supplies in some vulnerable areas are also directly affected by drought and grasshoppers. “Farmers will find it difficult to predict crop yields,” said Mr. Tai. “Farming is now like gambling. Climate change is randomizing every factor in our ecosystems ”.

A coal-fired power station from German giant RWE, in Weisweiler, West Germany, January 26, 2021. Photo: INA FASSBENDER | AFP | Getty Images Policymakers are under increasing pressure to fulfill the commitments of the Paris Agreement ahead of COP26 in Glasgow, Scotland, November 2021. Politicians and businessmen acknowledge the need to transition to a low-carbon society, but slowing global warming and meeting global goals of reducing emissions is increasingly so difficult. According to the director of the International Center for Environmental Law Carroll Muffett, the energy transition is going too slowly from a climate change perspective, but most importantly the acknowledgment of the problem is mainly willpower. political and economic options. World leaders and business sectors repeatedly reiterate their commitment to “transform the energy”. Nearly 200 countries have ratified the Paris Agreement on Climate Change, unanimously pursuing efforts to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. This continues to be the main focus of COP26, albeit one Some climate change scientists say that now this goal has been “unattainable”. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) thinks that between 2030 and 2052, the global temperature will get 1.5 degrees C hotter; To reduce global warming, it is necessary to reduce carbon emissions by 45% by 2030 from 2010 levels, before reaching net zero emissions by 2050. The problem is not that there is no technology or the ability to transform, or economic choice, but the structure of power and support for an industry that will decline. The emissions balancing strategies of some Governments and companies still depend on the increasing use of fossil fuels in the “coming decades”. According to Carroll Muffett, this reality can be seen in US policy, particularly in the plan to invest heavily in carbon capture and capture. The road is bumpy ahead . According to the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Earth’s carbon level is higher than at any time in the past 3.6 million years; If the worst effects of climate change are to be mitigated, it is important to focus on reducing fossil fuel emissions and studying how to prevent greenhouse gases entering the atmosphere. Burning fossil fuels such as oil, gas and coal releases large amounts of carbon into the air. Fossil fuel emissions and industry accounted for 89% of global emissions in 2018, the IPCC says. The US Energy Information Administration projects that global carbon emissions from fuel sources will continue to increase over the coming decades. According to energy finance analyst Clark William Derry, the current “energy transition” process is like the “transition of energy systems from the 19th century to the 21st century”; transition is taking place but it is not clear whether it is fast enough to prevent the worst consequences of climate change, fast enough to improve air quality in cities in developing countries such as in India, China, Bangladesh, Vietnam as well as some other countries; The road ahead is very bumpy. Is the current essential issue . The IPCC Intergovernmental Group notes that the transition from fossil fuels is underway and will require “rapid, far-reaching and unprecedented” changes in all aspects of the commune. festival. However, the February 2021 United Nations report showed that countries’ commitment to reducing greenhouse gas emissions was “far from” compared to the far-reaching measures needed to avoid the dire consequences of Climate Change. Currently only 75/195 countries have signed the Paris Agreement on climate change, submitting the National Contribution Plan (NDC) on emissions reductions to 2030. USA, China and India, are emissions countries. The world’s largest has yet to release its own NDC. United Nations Executive Secretary on Climate Change Patricia Espinosa urged policymakers to “accelerate” ambitious plans to cut emissions by 2021, emphasizing it as “crucial. ” The current./.

Towards the end of this century, organisms living on the ocean floor faced increasing dangers from ocean warming. (Photo: thiennhien.net) According to climate warming projections, the number of species has decreased in the equator and increased in the subtropics since the 1950s. This is the general state of all 48,661 species and they are divided into sub-species. seabed (benthic) and in open water (floating fish area), fish, molluscs and crustaceans. Results from a study led by the University of Auckland (New Zealand) show that open water marine species in the Northern Hemisphere tend to move more towards the North Pole than benthic species. Meanwhile, species in the southern hemisphere do not have a similar wave of movement. The reason is that the warming ocean in the Northern Hemisphere is more pronounced than the Southern Hemisphere. In the past, the tropics were always considered to be stable and have an ideal temperature for reproduction because so many species of organisms appear there. Now the defined tropics are not so stable and are becoming too hot for many species. This study is the result of doctoral work by lead author Chhaya Chaudhary at the University of Auckland and builds on a series of studies in a joint research group that delineates documents and data on taxonomy groups. Specifically, these include crustaceans, fish and worms. The data is taken from the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS), a free accessible online world database established by Professor Mark Costello of the University as part of the marine biology investigation, a global marine exploration program from 2000 to 2010. Recorded information about the time and location of species was compiled into latitude ranges and a statistical model was used. Use to calculate variables in sampling. Last year, Professor Costello co-authored a study that found that although marine biodiversity escalated and peaked at the equator during the last ice age 20,000 years ago, it was pulled flat before the status quo. global warming in the industrial era. This study uses fossil records of marine plankton buried in deep-sea sediments to track changes in species diversity over thousands of years. The latest research on a decade scale shows that this flat drag has continued over the past century, and that the number of species is now decreasing at the equator. This research, and other work underway, shows that the number of marine species declines when the average annual seawater temperature is above 20 to 25 degrees Celsius (varies with different species. ). As one of the lead authors of the current International Commission on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report, Professor Costello argues that these findings are of great significance. “Our work shows that man-made climate change affects marine biodiversity on a global scale across all species. Climate change is already here for us and is happening at an ever-increasing rate. We can predict general trends in species diversity, but due to the complexity of ecological interactions, it is currently unclear how rich marine life and fisheries will be. how to change according to climate change ”, said Professor Costello. According to a new study published in the journal Nature Climate Change, the rate of climate change in the depths of the world’s oceans could be seven times higher than current levels in the second half of this century even if greenhouse gas emissions have been significantly reduced. Different global warming at different depths has a major impact on the wildlife of the oceans, causing disconnections as species that rely on each other for survival are forced to move. Professor Anthony Richardson of the University of Queensland and CSIRO, who is also one of the 10 authors of the study, pointed out: “What really worries us is that when we move down deep in the ocean, the climate velocity moves downwards. transfer at different speeds ”. This can create a disconnection with species that depend on organic organisms of different layers. Tuna, for example, live in the middle layer with a depth of 200 – 1000 m, but they need plankton near the sea surface. Professor Richardson emphasized that the results of the study are of concern, with climatic speeds varying depending on the depth of the ocean and the tendency for species to move to be uneven. This may mean marine protected areas established to protect species or habitats may no longer work as species move out of protected areas into unprotected areas.

The program offers 26 promising rice varieties for farmers to choose Most of the varieties selected are adapted to climate change After visiting the fields, the program interviewed farmers to know how they chose rice varieties Farmers answered the questions of the program The characteristics of promising rice varieties are hard, high yield, good quality rice, meeting export demand This is a cooperation program between Can Tho University and An Giang province in the current period. This cooperation aims to help 224 seed groups in the province, select and create promising rice varieties, and then the program supports farmers to do the following procedures, proposing to the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. receiving nationwide circulation. The program gave 26 promising rice varieties for farmers to choose. Accordingly, the majority of farmers choose rice varieties 1,2, 9 and 26. On the basis of the evaluation of promising rice varieties, the institute will do the following procedures to support farmers to carry out the manual procedures. received nationwide circulation and named new rice varieties.

For the first time the world has a guideline for the global health sector to reach zero emissions by 2050. This is an industry with no small climate impact, equal to 4.4% of global net emissions. Without climate action inside and outside the industry, emissions by the health sector would more than triple, to more than six gigatons per year by 2050, equivalent to annual emissions from 770 homes. coal thermal power plant.

If countries can meet the commitments in their Paris Agreement, this could cut the health sector’s projected increase in emissions by 70%, still a long way from its zero-emission target. This Roadmap Guideline identifies seven high-impact activities that could help the health sector cut emissions by 44 gigattons more over 36 years, the equivalent of keeping more than 2.7 billion barrels of oil underground each. year.

Medical waste (Artwork: chatthaiyte.vn)

The roadmap also outlines for the health sector in different countries separate carbon reduction orbits. Countries with large greenhouse gas emissions in the health sector need to reduce their emissions fastest and most. Meanwhile, low-income and middle-income countries with less responsibility can implement climate-smart solutions to develop their health infrastructure, following a less “slope” trajectory. “For zero emissions. The guidelines also have a proposal for Vietnam’s health sector, ranking 20th out of 68 countries in the net emissions report and responsible for 2.4% of total national emissions.

The new Global Roadmap Guidelines show that 84% of the sector’s climate emissions come from fossil fuels used in health-care operations, supply chains and the broader economy. . These include coal, oil and gas used to power hospitals, medical travel, manufacturing and transporting health care products.

“We are experiencing a climate emergency at the same time,” said Josh Karliner, International Strategy and Program for Harm-Free Health and co-author of the Roadmap. health, including increased respiratory illnesses caused by fossil fuel pollution and illnesses caused by severe climatic effects such as wildfires. Not only does the health sector bear the brunt of these two crises, but ironically also contributes to them through its own emissions. Health leaders are forced to take the lead as an example and act now to reach zero emissions by 2050. This roadmap helps to chart the path in that direction, ”

The Roadmap Guidelines provide detailed data on health sector emissions from 68 countries and specific recommendations for governments, international agencies, and the private sector to achieve their carbon reduction goals and creating a better and fairer health care system. Recommendations for governments include incorporating carbon reduction in the health sector into their own National Contribution (NDC) commitments under the Paris Agreement and developing robust interagency climate policies to ensure protects public health from the impacts of climate change, and supports carbon reduction and resilience in the healthcare sector.

There are already good examples of health systems in countries adopting zero emissions schemes. Britain’s National Health System has announced a 2040 zero net emissions goal. Most recently, Argentina included reductions in healthcare carbon emissions in its climate plans. Healthcare professionals are a key voice in asking governments to be more aggressive in climate action. In May last year, 40 million people working in the health sector signed a statement asking G20 leaders to focus on public health and green recovery when planning a post-pandemic economic recovery. Most recently, Lancet research has published that ambitious climate goals can save millions of lives each year ../.

Polar bear, one of the animals facing extinction due to the impact of climate change (Artwork: kinhtemoitruong.vn)

Climate change, if left unchecked, could destroy natural treasures in “biodiversity hotspots” around the world, scientists warn.

A global team of scientists has analyzed nearly 300 biodiversity hotspots on land and at sea. These are locations with a particularly high concentration of plant and animal species. Many of these hotspots include ‘endemic’ species, inhabiting only a single geographical location, such as an island or a country.

They found that if the planet heats above 3 ° C, one-third of the endemic species that live on land and about half of the endemic species living in the sea will face extinction. In mountainous regions, 84% of endemic animals and plants face extinction at these temperatures, while on islands it reaches 100%. Overall, 92% of terrestrial endemic and 95% marine endemic species face negative consequences at a 3 ° C increase, such as a reduction in numbers. Current policies are moving the world in this direction of about 3 ° C warming.

Among endemic species, there are some of the world’s most iconic animals and plants. Endemic species threatened by climate change include all lemurs that only exist in Madagascar; the blue crane – which is the national bird of South Africa; and the snow leopard, one of the most unique animals of the Himalayas.

Research shows that compared to widely available species, endemic species are 2.7 times more likely to become extinct if the temperature rise is not controlled. Since they are only found in a certain place, and if climate change changes their separate habitats, these species will inevitably disappear from the Earth’s surface. If greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase, places like the Caribbean islands, Madagascar and Sri Lanka may see most of their endemic plant species go extinct as soon as 2050. The tropics It is particularly vulnerable, with more than 60% of tropical endemic species facing extinction under the effects of climate change alone.

But everything is not necessarily over. If countries cut their emissions in line with the Paris Agreement then most of these endemic species will persist. In total, 2% of endemic soil species and 2% of endemic marine species face extinction if the temperature rises to 1.5ºC, and 4% at 2ºC. Strong commitments from global leaders ahead of the Glasgow climate change summit later this year could put the world on track to meet the Paris Agreement, and avoid the risk of treasures. The world’s most precious nature was destroyed on a large scale.

“Climate change threatens areas that are so rich in unique species of organisms,” said Stella Manes, study lead author and researcher at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Found anywhere else in the world. The risk of permanently disappearing these species will increase more than 10 times if we miss out on the goals of the Paris Agreement. Biodiversity has more value than just seeing. The higher the species diversity, the better the health of nature, while also protecting against threats such as climate change. Healthy nature will provide indispensable sources of life for humans, such as water, food and materials, protect us from natural disasters, provide value for recreational relaxation and cultural connectivity, and morale.”

“Our research shows that a one-color and possibly very boring world awaits them,” said Wolfgang Kiessling, a marine expert from Friedrich-Alexander Erlangen- Nürnberg University and author of the study. We are ahead due to climate change. Organisms will benefit, while native species that contribute to the distinctive look of hot spots will disappear. ”

“This study found that species are geographically rare, especially those that live,” said Mark Costello, a marine expert from the University of Nord and the University of Auckland and author of the study. on islands and mountains, which are already in danger of extinction due to current climate change, these species cannot easily migrate to more favorable environments by their natural characteristics. that 20% of all species will be threatened with extinction by climate change in the coming decades, unless we act now. ”

According to Shobha S. Maharaj, an island expert from the Caribbean Journal of Environmental Science and Renewable Energy, and author of the study: “This study shows the relative risk of extinction due to climate change. with rare species living in the island area, it is 8 times higher than that in the mainland. The geographic rarity of these species makes them of global value to nature. Such species cannot easily migrate to more favorable environments and their end to extinction could lead to a global decline in disproportionate species.

Radisson Blu Resort Cam Ranh, Khanh Hoa.

Faced with the hinges of the tourism industry in 2020, analyzing and grasping the future trends of this smoke-free industry becomes critical for many related industries.

TOURIST’S TOURIST PLAN CHANGES AFTER TRANSLATION

The year 2020, with the effects of the Covid-19 epidemic and environmental disasters caused by climate change, will have an impact on the tourism industry around the world in general and Vietnam in particular. Under the impact of those factors, the tourism trend in 2021 also changes significantly.

Domestic tourism: According to the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), in 2021, domestic tourism will be a prominent trend. Before the Covid-19 pandemic took place, Vietnamese people tended to travel abroad or choose crowded places, after the epidemic was temporarily controlled, according to statistics, 96% of the total distance. Vietnamese tourism from June 1 to August 31, 2020 is in the country. With the tense development of the Covid-19 epidemic globally, international flights have not yet reopened, the year 2020 has marked a dramatic change in the wave of Vietnamese tourism.

In 2020, Vietnam’s domestic tourism market served 56 million visitors, down 34.1% year on year. However, this is a positive figure at a time when the international tourist market is freezing.

Safe travel: Going back to the time before the Covid-19 translation took place, domestic and international tourists tend to like to explore crowded places, learn local cuisine in bustling markets. However, at the present time, pre-season health safety is still a top priority for any visitor.

Globally, 65% of visitors say they have the ability to choose less crowded destinations, and more than half of those surveyed said they would prioritize trips close to nature.

The 5-star resorts with the advantage of isolated space, safety and nature have become the choice of most visitors.

Travel towards wellness: Health-oriented tourism is no longer a strange concept in the tourism industry, however, in an epidemic era, fatigue, stress, and anxiety about personal health have become the concerns of many people. The search for a getaway from a pandemic-controlled getaway becomes a trend in 2021.

TRAVEL TOURISM FUTURE MEETING

In the context that international routes have not yet reopened and cannot travel abroad, domestic tourists are the main object of the tourism industry.

Khanh Hoa Department of Tourism said that in the first quarter of 2021, Khanh Hoa received more than 210,000 tourists. In 2021, this local tourism industry aims to welcome more than 5 million visitors. Currently, Khanh Hoa province has 1,113 tourist accommodation establishments in which 125 4-5 star accommodation establishments, especially Bai Dai (Cam Ranh) area – which is considered the new resort capital in Vietnam.

Possessing a breakthrough, novel architecture, harmoniously blending local cultural beauty with classy European style, Ocean Luxury Villa by Radisson Blu (located in the Radisson Blu Resort Cam Ranh) is like a ” the jewel “in the center of Bai Dai.

Inheriting the golden location with a limited number of only 36 units, including one of the most prestigious President apartments in Vietnam, Ocean Luxury Villa by Radisson Blu is considered a lucrative investment channel for investors. level.

Opened from the Vietnamese fishing village architecture, each resort villa here offers visitors a close experience to nature, one step touching the sea. Especially, 100% of the resort villas of Ocean Luxury Villa by Radisson Blu have direct views of Bai Dai beach thanks to staggered design and 3.5m height difference. This is a “expensive” advantage for the beach resort real estate segment, when every morning, visitors will be awakened by the light of dawn, quietly watching the golden color of sunset in the sunset and indulging in immersion. into the sea space with all senses.

Also by possessing a view of the beautiful coast of Bai Dai – which was honored as one of the 10 most beautiful beaches on the planet, Ocean Luxury Villa by Radisson Blu received the prestigious Dot Property Vietnam Awards honored with the category : “The most luxurious resort villa facing the sea in Vietnam”.

This is also the product marking the first time the world’s leading brand from the US – Radisson Blu directly manages and operates the resort villa. With a system of strict standards and professional service manner, visitors will enjoy a variety of facilities at restaurants, health spa, infinity swimming pools … that meet international standards.

Especially, at Spa Blu Wellness, visitors will experience health care services with products derived from the sea such as seaweed, pearl powder – rejuvenating therapies that bring relaxation and ease. bear.

In addition, visitors can choose massage methods to improve muscle tension, relieve pain, or spend time for sauna therapies to detoxify, increase circulation, completely suitable for the coin. Current health care tourism directions.

Not only brings great resort space, Ocean Luxury Villa by Radisson Blu is the perfect investment choice with high profit potential for customers wishing to own a resort villa. sea.

US Trade Representative Katherine Tai. (Source: agnetwest.com)

US Trade Representative Katherine Tai April 15 said international trade activities have prompted many countries to reduce environmental protection measures to attract investment, and regulations on global trade is necessary to prevent the “race to the bottom.”

“Race to the bottom” is a socio-economic term to describe the government’s deregulation of the business environment, or reduction of tax rates, in order to attract or maintain economic activity.

In her speech at the Center for American Progress, Ms. Tai said the notion that environmental problems are not part of trade ignores the fact that existing rules of globalization encourage less pressure. for environmental protection. This puts countries with higher environmental standards at a competitive disadvantage.

Speaking ahead of the online climate change summit on President Joe Biden’s initiative next week, Ms. Tai said she was committed to strengthening rules within the World Trade Organization (WTO). to combat problems like illegal fishing and overfishing.

According to her, countries should use commercial policies and trade enforcement actions to protect forests, because “forests are considered the lungs of the Earth.”

However, these regulations will be ineffective if they are not enforced. In the future, trade plays a role in preventing the “race to the bottom” and encouraging the “race to the top” (for the environment).

Ms. Tai noted that this is only done on a global scale through global regulations.

In the context that the world is deviating from meeting the goals of limiting global warming, many countries have signed in the Paris Agreement on Climate Change 2015, President Biden hopes next week’s summit will deliver stronger commitments ahead of the UN-hosted Climate Change Conference in Glasgow later this year.

Just days after taking office in January 2021, the US leader signed executive orders he said would “advance ambitious plans to respond to the threat of climate change.”

Mr. Biden announced that Washington will rejoin the Paris Agreement on climate change and is expected to announce an ambitious emission target by 2030./.

Lavender plants do not need too much water. Photo: Guardian

The Guardian (UK) reported that at the end of June and the fields in the village of Lehrote in Doda in Jammu were filled with purple with a characteristic strong scent of lavender. More than 200 farmers here have turned to lavender, starting the local “purple revolution”.

Lavender plants can be grown and grown in nutrient-poor soil, do not need much water but love the sun.

The Indian Agricultural Research Institute has presented the prestigious Bharat Bhushan farmer (43 years old) award in the village of Lehrote. Mr. Bharat Bhushan said: “Lavender is very easy to grow and does not require much watering. I also only use cow manure to fertilize the plants ”. In just 2 years, his income was 4 times higher than the previous time when growing corn.

“Seeing my success, many people followed and now there are over 500 farmers in the area growing lavender,” said Mr. Bhushan. He now has a machine to extract essential oils from lavender. One hectare of lavender land can help farmers get 30-45 liters of essential oil.

Mr. Bhushan also shared: “Domestic demand for lavender essential oil is still quite high. We sell distilled essential oils directly to industrial customers in cities in India such as Mumbai and New Delhi. We also sell lavender to the dried flower dealer or to soaps and room fragrances.

Mr. Bhushan was inspired to grow lavender from a video of a 2016 conference in which Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) launched a program called “Mission Scents” to encourage Farmers affected by climate change cultivate crops such as lavender, lemongrass, rosemary and medicinal plants like ashwagandha …