But recently, paleontologists have had to change this view and push the herbivorous history of dinosaurs to the early Cretaceous period, 125 million years ago, grasses began to appear. This was discovered during the study of fossils of the dinosaur Equijubus found in China. Mount Mazong is located at the northern end of the Hexi Corridor, in present-day Gansu Province, China. The mountain is named because it looks like a horse’s mane blowing in the wind. Mazong Mountain is a desolate place, but beneath that gravel are the remains of creatures that died hundreds of millions of years ago. In 2000, paleontologists from China and the United States formed a joint expedition to unearth paleontological fossils in the Mazong mountain area. During this excavation, paleontologists discovered a large number of fossils. Chinese paleontologist You – Hailu studied the fossils of a new dinosaur species and he named this dinosaur Equijubus. The genus name is derived from the Latin words “equus” meaning “horse” and “juba” meaning “mane”, the genus name meaning “horse mane” because the fossil was found in Mount Mazong. The new species was given the full name Equijubus normani, with “Normani” being named in honor of the famous British paleontologist David B. Norman. Illustration. Equijubus can be considered an intermediate dinosaur between Iguanodon and Hasrosauridae. Equijubus has a fairly large body when compared to a “basic” Hasrosauridae, but they can still run on two legs after being chased by predators. Fossil specimens of this dinosaur include skulls, lower jaw bones, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae and other parts. Through fossil analysis, it can be seen that Equijubus belongs to the primitive Hadrosauridae, it already possesses some features of Hadrosauridae, but its skull also has obvious features of Iguanodon. Paleontologists surmise that the dinosaur Equijubus could be up to 7 m long, 2 m high and weigh 2.5 tons, almost the size of a small truck. Equijubus would have had a long head, a horn beak on the front of its mouth and flat teeth on the inside of its cheeks, allowing it to chew on hard plants. Equijubus also have a robust body, they often walk on all fours and run on two legs when fleeing predators. Although there are not many fossils of this species, the discovery of Equijubus has great significance for paleontology. As a very primitive Hadrosauridae, Equijubus has shown that the Hasrosauridae may have originated in Asia and that they evolved directly from Iguanodon. 14 years after the Equijubus species was named, paleontologists are once again studying their fossils using the latest technology. They found evidence of herbivorous dinosaurs actually eating grass in fossils! On December 21, 2017, You Hailu and other paleontologists published a research paper titled “Dinosaur-related cuticles and crystals from the Chinese Gramineae family of the Cretaceous Period” on National Science Journal of China. The paper mentioned that the microstructure of primitive herbaceous plants (herbs, rice) was silicified between the teeth of the dinosaur Equijubus. This suggests that herbaceous plants were originally the food of this dinosaur. In fact, to answer the question of whether or not herbivorous dinosaurs ate grass, we need to know that the grass family is a large family of plants with more than 650 genera. Rice, wheat, corn, millet, sorghum, etc… the plants that we cannot live without are all grasses, and many other plants that we can eat are also grasses. People have always doubted the existence of the grass family, and the time period of its appearance is also quite unclear. And in the past, scientists always thought that they appeared after dinosaurs. But through the discovery of secrets from the fossils of the dinosaur Equijubus, we have learned that grass appeared on Earth 125 million years ago. This means that on Earth, dinosaurs of that time also had herbivorous habits (literally eating grass). The earliest known seed-bearing plants can be traced back to the Middle Jurassic or earlier, 164 million years ago. It was discovered during the Boda Jurassic period in Inner Mongolia. Although this plant is only a few centimeters tall, it already has roots, stems, leaves, and fruits.

The star-nosed mole is a species of small mole found in the humid lowlands of eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, with records along the Atlantic coast as far as extreme southeastern Georgia. It is the only member of the tribe Condylurini and the genus Condylura. Blobfish (also known as teardrop fish) – a fish voted by the Ugly Animal Preservation Society as the standard of evil. This fish was first found in the waters of New Zealand and Australia, at depths between 600 and 1,200 meters. These are also places where the pressure is about 118 times higher than sea level. If you’ve ever seen a cephalopod recently discovered by scientists, perhaps all the strange things in this world will become completely normal, and also not surprising. , because this creature is considered the strangest species. Essentially it looks like an oversized paper clip or a long “beard” on the head, they have a curved body with twists. This animal is called Diplomoceras maximum. It’s a pity that no matter in any zoo on the planet or on a deep-sea diving boat, you won’t be able to see this animal, because it is just like Tyrannosaurus. This animal lived in Antarctica during the Cretaceous period 68 million years ago and what we can see today are only their fossils. The age of the fossils is about 68 million years, the end of the Cretaceous period, the same time as the tyrannosaurs. This strange squid mainly inhabits the waters around present-day Antarctica. It is possible that they became extinct at the same time as the dinosaurs because of the catastrophic impact of the asteroid Chicxulub. The fossil of this strange squid was discovered by the Antarctic Expedition at the UK’s University of Leeds. Scientists conducted a scientific investigation on Seymour Island in the Antarctic peninsula for six years and discovered more than 6,000 fossils of marine life. The most special of these is the squid Diplomoceras maximum (Paperclip squid). Fossils of paperclip squid are now on public display at the Earth Museum in Ithaca, New York, if you’re lucky enough to see it, you won’t be able to imagine why this animal grew up like that. – it is about 1.5 meters long and can be up to 2 meters long, equivalent to the height of a human; if it stretched out its paperclip-shaped body in a straight line, its body length would exceed 4 meters. Their assumption is consistent because shells are known to grow by accretion, creating new growth each year. After shrinking the giant shells of these 1.5-meter-long animals, the researchers concluded that the only plausible explanation is that these animals have a lifespan of about 200 years. In addition, the most surprising thing to scientists is that this paperclip squid has a lifespan of up to 200 years, speculated now from the ridges on their shells, this calculation is similar to the way Calculate the age from the ridges of the tree trunk. Their shells were developed through accretion, based on repeated patterns of carbon and oxygen isotopes, which scientists believe reflects annual methane production on the seafloor. This means that the paperclip’s shell will grow one more groove each year, and it will grow longer and longer. And the question is why this squid was able to live so long, while modern cephalopods, such as cuttlefish and squid, have a lifespan of less than 5 years even when they are the largest species of this family or the cephalopods are also shellfish, they can only live up to 20 years. So paperclip ink can live to be 200 years old is completely strange and mysterious. New research published at an online meeting of the American Geological Society claims to have discovered new evidence for a previously unknown creature with a very long lifespan. To answer this question, paleontologists have put forward a threefold hypothesis – they suggest that their habitat at that time was similar to that of the Greenland shark, which lived in cold waters. The price of Antarctica, have long and dark winters, lack of food sources, so they have to slow down their metabolism to increase their chances of successful reproduction, so their lifespan is also increased.

The star-nosed mole is a species of small mole found in the humid regions of eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, with records along the Atlantic coast as far south-east as Georgia. It is the only member of the genus Condylurini and genus Condylura. Blobfish (also known as water drop fish) – a fish voted by the Ugly Animal Preservation Society … the standard of evil. This fish was first found in the waters of New Zealand and Australia, at depths from 600 to 1,200 meters. These are also locations where the pressure is about 118 times higher than sea level. If you ever saw a new species of cephalopods discovered by scientists recently, perhaps all the strange things in this world would be very normal, and not surprising. , because this creature is considered the most exotic. Essentially it looks like an oversized paperclip or a bunch of long “antennae” on the head, they have curved bodies with twisted lines. This animal is called Diplomoceras maximum. It’s a pity that no matter where you live in any zoo on the planet or ride a diving boat to explore the deep sea, you will not be able to see this animal, as it is just like Tyrannosaurus. This animal lived in Antarctica during the Cretaceous period 68 million years ago and what we can see today is only their fossil. The date of the fossils is about 68 million years, the late Cretaceous period, the same time the dinosaurs. This strange squid mainly inhabits the waters around present-day Antarctica. They may have gone extinct at the same time as the dinosaurs because of the catastrophic impact of the asteroid Chicxulub. This bizarre squid fossil was discovered by the Antarctic Expedition at the University of Leeds, UK. Scientists conducted a scientific investigation on the island of Seymour in the Antarctic peninsula for 6 years and discovered more than 6,000 fossils of marine life. The most special of these is Diplomoceras maximum squid. The fossils of paperclip are currently on display to the public at the Earth Museum in Ithaca, New York, if you were lucky enough to be seen, you wouldn’t be able to imagine why this creature grew like that. – it is about 1.5 meters long and can be up to 2 meters long, which is equivalent to human height; if its paperclip-shaped body was stretched out in a straight line, their body length would exceed 4 meters. Their assumption is consistent because the shell is known to grow by accretion, creating new growth each year. After shrinking the giant crust of these 1.5-meter-long animals, the researchers concluded that the only plausible explanation was that these animals had a lifespan of about 200 years. In addition, what surprised scientists the most was that the paperclip squids had a lifespan of up to 200 years, speculation now calculated from the edges on their shell, which is similar to the method. Calculate the age from the trunk lines. Their shells are developed through accretion, and based on the repetitive characteristics of carbon and oxygen isotopes, scientists believe this reflects the annual production of methane on the seabed. This means that the paperclip ink’s cover will grow one more groove each year, and it will grow longer and longer. And the question is why this squid is able to live so long, while modern cephalopods, such as cuttlefish and squid, live less than 5 years even if they are the largest of this family or the cobra is also a shellfish, which can only live up to 20 years. So paperclip ink can live to 200 years old is completely strange and mysterious. New research published at an online meeting of the American Geological Association claims the discovery of new evidence suggesting a very long lifespan has never been known before. To answer this question, paleontologists have come up with a temporary hypothesis – they suggest that their habitat at that time was similar to that of the Greenland sharks, which lived in cold seas. Antarctica’s prices, which have long and dark winters, lack food sources, so they have to slow down their metabolism to increase their chances of reproducing successfully, so their lifespans are also increased.

Billions of T. rex have been wandering North America, a group of experts say. Although not a simple task, paleontologists from the University of California (USA) gave the T. rex dinosaur numbers in the Cretaceous period 65 – 98 million years ago. Challenging work Fossils have long been used to improve our understanding of extinct creatures like dinosaurs, but experts suggest that these skeletons are used to calculate densities and levels. Their abundance is a challenge. Director Charles Marshall of the University of California’s Museum of Paleontology is part of the research team. “There is no information available to make an estimate,” he said. If you find an Easter egg in your garden, how do you estimate how many Easter eggs ever existed? It simply cannot be done. You need information from somewhere else, for example, the density of the Easter eggs, how many years they can be found and how many Easter eggs have been placed in the garden. Paleontologist Nizar Ibrahim at the University of Portsmouth (UK) is not involved in the study. “Previously researchers tried to estimate things like the size of the Tyrannosaurus’ habitable area and their basic energy needs, so this is an extension of the work,” he said. before that, including many updates about Tyrannosaurus ”. There are 20,000 T.rex dinosaurs in North America T.rex is predicted to have a lifespan of 28 years. Using fossil records, densities and data from climate models, the University of California team calculated that about 20,000 adult T. rex, living across North America, could exist at the same time. . In a study published in the Journal of Science, researchers say this means that about 2.5 billion T. rex have lived and died over a period of nearly 2.5 million years – a process The dinosaurs live. For the first time, the team also calculated the lifespan of dinosaurs. Using scientific literature and expert opinion, they estimated T.rex’s adult age to be 15.5 years and its lifespan could reach around 28 years. The average adult body weight of this dinosaur is about 5,200 kg and a growth after maturity can make them weigh up to 7,000 kg. From the above estimates, the team concluded that each generation of T.rex lasted for about 19 years and there was a dinosaur for every 100 square kilometers. They determined that, with 20,000 permanent dinosaurs and about 127,000 generations of this species, there would be about 2.5 billion T.rex overall. “The researchers’ approach seems informative, while also pointing to current limits on what can be done,” said Jason C.Poole of the Bighorn Institute of Paleontology (USA). learned from the known “. “I’m sure it opens the door to better focus on questions about population density and what it means over time. So this can really help us understand how animals change over time as it is related to evolution and changing ecosystems, ”said Mr. Poole. The researchers estimated that the population density of T. rex was equivalent to 3,800 carnivorous dinosaurs in an area the size of California, but only 2 in an area the size of Washington DC. . Open up the possibility to find out more information A T.rex dinosaur could have an average weight of 5.2 tons. Meanwhile, the results also allow the authors to determine that only about 1 in 80 million T. rex is preserved as fossil remains. “The big impact of this study may be how rare the fossils are, they represent only a fraction of the individual organisms that ever existed, not to mention the depth of time and the rate. it happened in a few thousand to a million years, ”Mr. Poole said. Study co-author Professor Marshall of the University of California said, “In a way, this is a paleontological exercise of what we can know and how we can know what. there… It’s amazing what we know about this dinosaur so we can calculate more information.Our understanding of T. rex has expanded greatly over the decades. Through more fossils, more analytical methods and better ways of integrating information through known fossils ”. Mr Ibrahim sees other possibilities stemming from this study. There is a lot we don’t know about T.rex’s physiology, behavior, and food environment, he said, but this study offers an interesting approach to estimating abundance and prevalence. conservation of dinosaurs. “I would love to see it apply to the other dinosaurs we know from fossils. Looking at a wide range of dinosaurs, predators and prey, we can better compare dinosaur animal communities to modern ones, ”he said. What we see is superficial, according to Ibrahim, and even with this fascinating research, there is still a long way to go for us to confidently apply these approaches widely in research. save dinosaurs.

Chinese paleontologists have found ancient insects, snakes, ancient birds and even dinosaur tails in fossil Burmese amber. Thanks to the special preservative properties of amber, these fossils have retained their original shape after 100 million years. One of the dinosaur feathers discovered in the amber piece was damaged by chewing and the markings are similar to the feathers of modern birds with parasitic lice. Feather is one of the types of “special impurities” preserved in Burmese amber, including neck feathers and insect feathers. Not long ago, two pieces of feathered amber from Myanmar attracted paleontologists because through microscopic observations, the researchers noticed some ancient bugs in the feathers. Although these bugs are small and hard to see, paleontologists have found that they have unique and striking habits. The newly discovered insect is named Mesophthirus engeli, revealing the early makeup of the lice ancestor. Mesophthirus engeli has no wings and a body similar to a lice. The team found that they chewed very vigorously through the marks of a dinosaur’s fur. A team of researchers from the Capital Education University of China, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the Capital Medical Science University, the National Museum of Natural History, and the Russian Academy of Sciences studied the studies. Small insects preserved in amber and discovered this particular beetle. Archaeologists have named this tiny insect Mesophthirus engeli with the genus “Mesophthirus” from the Greek word and the name “engeli” is dedicated to Michael S. Engel, a famous paleontologist. Americans, in recognition of his outstanding contributions to the study of ancient insects. The earliest appearing fur-eating insect was thought to be Megamenopon rasnitsyni. The lice fossils were unearthed in Germany 44 million years ago, according to Chungkun Shih, study author at the Smithsonian Institution’s Museum of Natural History. Researchers also found evidence of Jurassic and Cretaceous parasitic parasites 66 to 201 million years ago. This ancient bug was very small with a length of less than 0.2 mm, so researchers had to use an electron microscope to see its shape. Mesophthirus engeli looks very much like today’s lice, but it has a larger head with black dot-like eyes on the sides and two tentacles with three long spines on top of the head. Mesophthirus engeli can be said to possess a body “three rings as one”, with the head, chest and abdomen equally wide, six feet short, with claws and long spines at the end, can be grasped. This finding suggests that the insect’s feathering behavior has originated at least in the mid Cretaceous period. Although it looks like a lice, the Mesophthirus engeli species is far different from modern lice and lice. Hence, paleontologists established a new ancient taxon of insects – Mesophagous caterpillars. Compared with the body, the mouth of Mesophthirus engeli is very large and strong, two large jaws are serrated, capable of chewing very strongly. In addition, the researchers also found that in the amber pieces containing these ancient bugs all had the presence of feathers and they all existed signs of damage: broken niches formed near the body. feathers and feathers are also broken. The marks of damaged feathers resemble those left by a feather-eating bug after chewing on the feathers. And obviously, the culprit of these traces was none other than the Mesophthirus engeli species. The origin and early evolution of the hairy trait in insects is inherently ambiguous due to the lack of records of Mesozoic fossils – the period of tectonic, climatic and progressive activities. chemical. Blood-sucking insects were found during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, but dinosaur fur-eating insects have not been previously reported. The discovery of this ancient feather-eating beetle is of great significance, because it has pushed the history of feather-eating insects to 55 million years, because before the discovery of this beetle, the earliest feather-eating insect. is known to mankind in the Kainozoic era 44 million years ago. Thus, the discovery of Mesophthirus engeli filled the gap in the early evolution of a feather-eating insect. Mesophthirus engeli lived in the Cretaceous period 100 million years ago, this is also an important period of diversity and differentiation of primitive birds and feathered dinosaurs, it can be said that this is also the setting stage. parasitic relationship between feathering insects and their host.