Bougainvillea’s scientific name is Bougainvillea. This species is native to South America (from Brazil west to Peru and south to southern Argentina). The genus bougainvillea has from 4-18 species. The scientific name of the genus comes from Louis Antoine de Bougainville, admiral of the French Navy, one of the people who discovered it in Brazil in 1768. Species in this genus are woody vines, shrubs or thorny trees. The tree is from 1 to 12m tall, crawling on other trees with spikes with hooks. The leaves are alternate, ovate-shaped, with a pointed nose, 4 – 13 cm long and 2 – 6 cm wide. Their true flowers are small and generally white, but each cluster of three flowers is surrounded by three or six bracts with the vibrant colors associated with this group of plants, including pinks, purples, purples, and reds. , orange, white or yellow. Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental plant in most areas with warm climates. Many cultivars and hybrids have been selected, including nearly thornless shrubs. A few varieties of Bougainvillea are sterile and they are propagated by cuttings. Paper flowers are easy to grow, so they are distributed in many parts of the world. In terms of feng shui, confetti has the meaning of firmly linking family members, bringing prosperity and luck.

Model of cuttings to propagate bougainvillea in Phu Dong – Gia Lam, Hanoi. Photo: H.Tien. – Select cuttings: As mentioned above, bougainvillea is a very easy plant to propagate asexually by cuttings. Except for the tops of the trees, the tops of the branches are younger than the color of the cake, the rest of the trunks on the tree can be rooted. However, for cuttings to achieve high survival rate, it is necessary to choose cuttings ≥3 years old, 20-25 cm long, 1-2 cm in diameter, with 3-4 spines (sleeping eyes). If combined with rooting stimulant, the percentage of surviving branches after cuttings will reach over 85%. Note: The cuttings must be very flat, smooth, not bruised. Should use a sharp knife to cut around the base of the branch, remove a small part of the skin that is scratched, helping to increase the rate of rooting. The branches after cutting need to be arranged at the base and tops in the same direction, to avoid confusion when cutting. For seedlings with a diameter of ≥3cm, it is necessary to cut bevels on both sides of the base to create a 3-4cm long wedge shape, to increase the permeability of root stimulants and increase the survival rate. The bougainvillea branches after rooting were transplanted and planted in plastic pots. Photo.H.Tien. – Cutting medium and cutting techniques: Collect fine sand along the river, bring it to dry in 2-3 big sunlight for sterilization and clean fungal diseases. Then spread the sand in a 15-20 thick layer in a cool and drained place. Dilute the cuttings according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Dip each bunch of rootstocks into the solution for about 1 minute. Lift it out, wait for the bunch of branches to look like water, then proceed to plug each base of the branch into the sand (prepared in advance). Distance of cuttings 5 ​​x 5 cm/1 branch. Water regularly to keep moist the sand substrate and seedlings. After 20 to 30 days of cuttings, the plant sprouts roots, sprouts, then transplants into pots. – Choose pots and growing medium: Should choose a type of black paper plastic pots for easy transportation of vehicles for long distance consumption. Pot size, 30 x 35cm, with bottom drainage hole. The growing medium according to the weight ratio includes, 70% arable land + 15% white rice husk + 13% chicken manure + 2% lime powder. Mix the medium well and incubate for 3-4 months to close the pot to plant the seedling. Note, gently pluck the seedlings, dig up the soil about 4-5 cm deep in the middle of the pot, then compact it. Then place each pot 60 x 60 cm apart on the agricultural tarpaulin-covered field, helping to drain water quickly, avoid local flooding, and prevent fertilizer from seeping into the ground and polluting the groundwater. Bougainvillea is a sun-loving plant but does not tolerate high humidity. Water only when the potting medium turns dry. – Plant care on pots: Apply NPK 13+13+13+TE periodically every 25-30 days. Dosage, 1 kg of NPK root for 30-15 pots of bougainvillea, depending on the actual growth of the plant. Combine spraying fertilizer Atonik 1.8 through the leaves, stimulating the plants to grow in balance, accelerating sprouting. When the sprouts reach more than 20 cm long, press the tops to create a canopy. Leave branches on the tree 20 cm long and 3 young leaves. The cutting of the tops of branches should be carried out regularly, so that the tree can soon achieve a luxuriant canopy and increase the harvest value. The bougainvillea has five colors thanks to the technique of grafting branches. Photo: H.Tien. Pest control: The bougainvillea tree is basically not infected with pests and diseases. However, under commercial production conditions, leaf anthracnose can occur. It is necessary to keep the garden well ventilated and promptly drain water when it rains. Absolutely do not let the garden floor and potting medium get too wet. On cloudy weather days, air humidity ≥ 80%, anthracnose room can be sprayed with one of the drugs, Score 250ND, Rocksai Super 525SE, Cure Super 300EC, Help 400SC, Nevo 330EC… instructions on the package. – Export from the garden: Paper flower cuttings, planted from the beginning of the year to the end of the year, have been sold to the market. If you prolong the care period for larger trees, they will sell for a higher price. In addition, it is also possible to bend, create canopy for the tree into artistic poses or add different flower colors to the tree, the business value will be more than doubled.

1. How to plant roses with branches

1. Seasonality

Planting flowers by branches is actually the method of cuttings, and almost any time can be done. But the best time for cuttings falls between February and April and from August to October.

Illustration.

When cuttings in the rainy season are quite good, this will help less watering. As for cuttings in the dry season, water should be monitored regularly, always keep the soil moist, so that the new branches can take root and grow well. At the same time, when cuttings in the dry season, cuttings must be in a place with shade or must be made as a cover above.

1. Soil for cuttings

To cut rose branches, you should cut them in smoked rice husks, mixed with a little organic fertilizer such as decomposed cow manure or vermi-compost.

When dipping, it is necessary to cultivate the soil to relax and add more water to keep it moist. At cuttings, branches should be about 2 cm deep upright, not inclined.

1. Choose a variety of roses for cuttings

For the highest success rate, choose persistent persimmons such as wild persimmon, wild persimmon, but these varieties have not very beautiful flowers. The other types of persimmon, though not high in vitality, can still be cut.

In addition, there are persimmons that cannot be cut because the stem contains only a little starch, so the tree cannot afford to create new roots, so if cuttings will die.

1. Technique to choose cuttings

One of the important steps of growing roses with branches is choosing cuttings.

Choosing good cuttings is also an indispensable factor determining the success level of rose breeding. Ideally, you should choose the middle segments of the branches, roots or tops that are okay, choose those that are in the flowering stage, must be the twigs, not too old and not too young.

Branches used for propagation are straight branches, fresh and new within 1 year.

1. Cuttings techniques

After you have selected a healthy branch, about 20 cm long, use a knife or very sharp scissors to not crush the base of the branch, cut diagonally at an angle of 45 degrees. Cut away the dead flower buds, all the leaves and thorns from the lower part, and the upper part can be trimmed or left evenly.

Right after cutting, branches should be soaked in rooting stimulating solution and planted immediately to avoid bacteria penetration, killing rose branches.

1. Detail how to plant roses with branches

As mentioned above, planting roses by branches is the cuttings, which is a method of using a piece of the stem from the mother tree to be plugged into the ground, after a period of care, this stem will grow new roots and develop into a tree. new.

To cut the branches, dig a sufficient hole in the pot, loosen the soil and water it to keep it moist. Plug the rose branch to a depth of 1.5 – 2 cm, upright. Then, heap up the soil, squeeze the base so that the branches don’t wobble.

1.7 Fertilizer

After dipping, taking care of rose branches is not too difficult, just provide enough water, don’t let the soil get too wet to make the branches waterlogged.

When the branches start to produce leaves, some stimulants can be used to stimulate the plant to grow fast and bloom to large such as IAA or NAA, or some more popular substances such as Antonik or N3M, Super Roo.

2. Take care of roses

Location: Rose is a suitable plant to live in well-ventilated and sunny conditions. If there is enough sunlight for 8 hours a day, the tree will grow well and less harmful to pests, diseases, flowers and flower colors. also bright, beautiful, brilliant.

Watering: If you are planting in the garden ground you need to water 1 time a day, plant in a pot, water 2 times a day in the early morning and in the afternoon. Rose plants need enough water for the leaves to photosynthesize, if the plant is dry, it will appear red spiders harm the plant, yellow leaves and deciduous. You should limit watering at night because water will stay on the leaves, making the leaves more susceptible to fungal diseases.

Nutrition:

Nutrition: It is very important to decide whether or not your rose will produce lots of flowers, whether the flowers are large and vibrant or not, especially when you plant roses in pots. You observe the new branch if it has a dark purple color and a plump branch means that the tree is provided with enough nutrition, if the branch is thin and tall, it is necessary to add nutrients to the plant.

Land for planting: You should change your planted land once a year.

Fertilizer: Combine foliar fertilizer and root fertilizer alternately, once a month.

When the tree is at the top, the young leaves are supplemented with Dynamic seeds, bat manure around the base of the tree and watered to help the plant absorb nutrients well, mix NPK or agricultural DAP to water the leaves and stems.

When new plants sprout, flower buds add pink potassium, the flowers will have a strong characteristic color. But note that when the plants flower, do not fertilize because it will damage the flowers.