During the restoration of the Golden Stupa, workers accidentally discovered many rare treasures. (Photo: Kknews) It is known that the Golden Stupa is located on the premises of Bao Tuong Pagoda in Wen Shang District, Shandong Province, China. Because the roof tile on the top of the tower is covered with a layer of gold glaze, looking from afar, it has a bright yellow color, so the locals have named the tower Hoang Kim. According to historical records, Bao Tuong Pagoda and the Golden Stupa are up to 1,500 years old and were built during the Northern Wei Dynasty. In the memories of the workers involved in the repair of the stupa on March 15, 1994, by following the mysterious fragrance that kept emitting from the foot of the Golden Stupa, they were able to find a palace. Underground. They immediately stopped construction and contacted archaeologists in Shandong province. The stone box was discovered inside the underground palace at the foot of the Golden Stupa. (Photo: Kknews) The underground palace includes a corridor nearly 4m long, 0.97m wide; 1.65m high and a room located in the middle of the tower’s foot is 1.47m long; about 1.43m wide and 4.2m high. In the middle of the room is a round well, the mouth of the well is covered with a stone slab, surrounded by carved lotus flowers. Behind the large room there is a small niche, inside there is a Buddha altar, on the altar there is a stone box. Gold and silver coffins were found inside the stone box. (Photo: Kknews) On the left side of the stone box there is a Bodhisattva statue made of clay, about 50cm high. The face of the Bodhisattva statue has been peeled off, his hair is in a high bun, his arms are raised across his chest, he is kneeling on a lotus, his body is slightly bent forward. According to archaeologists, normally the statues of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas that we see are made in standing, sitting or lying positions, but this statue is in a kneeling position, which is unprecedented. here. The tooth relic of Buddha Shakyamuni is considered by experts to be an extremely rare treasure. (Photo: Kknews) While observing the Bodhisattva statue, inadvertently the light from the experts’ flashlights passed through the lid of the stone box, through the cracks in the surface, some flickering rays of light flashed, the mysterious fragrance also emanated. out from here. Former secretary of the Institute of Confucius Research – Duong Xuan Binh, the commander-in-chief of the archaeological team that year, quickly decided to open the mysterious stone box. The treasure inside the stone box is nearly a thousand Buddha relics. (Photo: Sohu) Inside the stone box there are nearly 1,000 relics and a golden coffin is placed in the center. In the golden coffin is a smaller coffin made of silver, divided into 2 compartments, the upper compartment is a yellow satin cloth wrapped with a Buddha tooth relic up to 5.5cm long. After studying Buddhist texts, the expert was able to verify that the tooth relic belonged to Shakyamuni Buddha. With this discovery, the tooth relic of the Buddha discovered at the Golden Tower is considered the supreme sacred relic in the Buddhist world and a rare cultural relic of the world. Reference: Kknews

One of 17 decapitated bodies found in an ancient Roman cemetery. The cemeteries held the burial of 52 people, and 17 beheaded bodies including 9 men and 8 women and all were over 25 years old at the time of death, a team of researchers reported in an article published online May 19 in the British journal Britannia. In many cases, the heads of the decapitated people were buried next to their feet and the pottery was placed in the position where their heads would normally have been. Some bodies were also laid face down in their graves. Researchers believe that those who were beheaded were executed. They note that the number of criminals in Roman law increased dramatically during the third and fourth centuries, around the time these skeletons were buried. Remains of archaeological evidence shows that the Roman army used Knobb’s farm as a supply center and they would take strict action if there was any violation. “During the third and fourth centuries, the penalties imposed under Roman law became more and more severe. The number of criminals applying the death penalty increased from 14 at the beginning of the third century to about 60 by Constantine’s death in 337 AD,” The researchers have noted that security concerns are one of the reasons for the increase in the death penalty. During the third and fourth centuries, there were many civil wars in the Roman Empire, many of which were fought to be crowned emperor. Despite the possibility of execution, individuals were still buried with ceramic pots and in some cases placed in coffins. Isabel Lisboa, the archaeologist who led the excavation, said: ‘A beheaded woman had the richest collection of tombstones, buried with two urns and a coal bead necklace. Pipe coal is a type of coal that is easy to glow. Under Roman law, family and friends could demand that the body of an executed criminal be returned for burial. Those executed were likely not slaves, as slaves had no status and likely would not have been buried. Scholars argue Even so, Simon Cleary, emeritus professor of Roman Archeology at the University of Birmingham in the UK, said: “What we know of the sites of Roman judicial executions suggests that they are mainly in cities and towns and have a deterrent effect. Knobb’s ranch is not near any major towns or cities.” Cleary adds that a law made by the emperor in Rome is difficult to enforce in a remote place. It is possible that these people were executed but Roman law may have nothing to do with why they were killed. By the fourth century, the Roman army had for centuries become a draconian rule, with no way back for the common man, says Cleary. Why most of the burials of decapitated people in the Roman Empire occurred in Britain is unclear. Roman Britain can be really weird at times, especially in its treatment of the dead, there are plenty of ritual practices other than beheading or burial that to our eyes look eerie. . To people’s eyes at the time, they could be completely conceivable.” Other scholars have also expressed doubt that Roman law had much to do with the burial of the decapitated. Caroline Humfress, director of the Institute for Constitutional and Legal Studies at St. Andrews in Scotland, said: “I personally think it is very unlikely that the executions on Knobb’s farm were related to Roman legal processes.” “If they have a judicial context, it’s more likely to be localized and involve executions carried out without trial,” Humfress said. However, other scholars argue that these people could have been executed according to Roman law. “The official execution seems to be the best explanation for the Knobb Ranch cases,” said Judith Evans Grubbs, a professor of Roman history at Emory University in Atlanta. He noted that women in the Roman Empire were often the target of accusations of witchcraft and adultery, both of which could have been considered crimes by the Romans. Stunned with the largest, deepest $ 211 million swimming pool in the world 08/06/2021

The feudal power system established by the Qin dynasty laid the basic foundation for the political structure of later Chinese feudal dynasties. In addition, the policies and systems that divided the country into districts, districts and hukou at that time also had a great impact on the development of the next generations. When posterity looks back on Qin Shi Huang’s journey to unify China from a modern perspective, they must also recognize that this glorious path has timeless inspirational power. The Qin people were originally just horse breeders for the Zhou royal family, then rose to the status of vassals in the Zhou Dynasty (795 BC-771 BC). So why is it that Qin Shi Huang – the king of an ordinary vassal state – was able to unify the six countries and become one of the greatest emperors in Chinese history? Historians say that the secret lies in the weapons of the Qin army: The Qin army possessed powerful weapons, far superior to other vassal countries. Prior to the unification of the six states, the kingdom of Qin was a prosperous vassal state through the reform of the “Transformation of Shangyang” (implemented twice in 356 BC and 350 BC). This reform greatly increased the productivity of Qin society and promoted the development of weapons to a certain extent. Experts said that in the excavation sites of the terracotta army, bronze weapons account for a very large proportion. While the forging and metallurgical technology of the other vassal countries were still quite backward, the state of Qin – a country that valued weapons – had made great progress in this field. Earn copper The bronze swords unearthed next to the terracotta warriors are the clearest evidence of the advancement in forging and metallurgy techniques of the Qin Dynasty. After research, it was found that these bronze weapons were superior to the other six vassal states, the main reason being that the Qin state at that time had mastered the method of making alloys. Their craftsmen also tried to apply the proper proportions of alloys to the military field. Some experts believe that the ratio of copper to tin in the weapons of the Qin army at that time was very reasonable and scientific, especially the tin content was much higher than before, helping bronze weapons. of the Qin army was much harder and sharper. It can be seen that these swords not only have anti-rust treatment, but their length is also about 20 cm longer than swords in other countries. Qin Crossbow The second most notable weapon is the Qin crossbow. The Qin crossbow was developed by the Qin state on the basis of the bow and arrow, but its damage is far beyond the ordinary bow and arrow. Conventional bows and arrows have a limited range, low accuracy, and can only shoot one shot, so soldiers are easy to fall into the attack range of the draft. To improve this problem, the Qin crossbow was born. Through a series of design reforms, the Qin crossbow’s hit rate has been greatly improved. Furthermore, crossbow design parts and components are also standardized and uniform across the country. As a result, when a weapon is damaged, it can be quickly replaced or repaired to immediately return to combat. In addition, the Qin crossbow also has a user-friendly design, minimizing the possibility of soldiers injuring themselves. Three-sided arrow Another notable weapon is the three-pointed arrow that the Qin army used. Thanks to the excellent craftsmanship of the Qin Kingdom craftsmen, this arrow has extremely strong penetrating power. It possesses a unique three-sided design that reduces drag to a minimum after firing. This is also a weapon that other vassal countries do not have. Precisely because of possessing weapons much more sophisticated than those used by the armies of other vassal states, New historians argue that the Qin Dynasty possessed “divine objects” that should not have existed at the time. In addition, the principle of standardizing the manufacture of weapons throughout the territory of Qin also helped soldiers improve their combat capabilities. It can be seen that at that time, the Qin Dynasty was ahead of other vassal countries in both economic and technical aspects. It is not surprising that the Qin Kingdom became the ultimate victorious state and unified China.

Gate to Dong Dau Archaeological Site (Yen Lac – Vinh Phuc). Photo: Tien Dung. Lesson 1: Used to be the largest ancient Vietnamese residence in the Northern Delta Reviewing the historical process, Yen Lac is a land rich in potential for historical relics. In Binh Dinh commune, a relic of Go Gai (also known as Dong Gai) has been found in Coc Lam village, a site of Phung Nguyen culture. In Dong Cuong commune, there is Quan Doi (also known as Quan Doi Dong) at the junior high school area, with vestiges of Phung Nguyen culture. Also in Dong Cuong commune, there is Ma Hon, in Chi Chi village, with vestiges of the Metal Age. Right in Yen Lac town, there is a famous archaeological site of Dong Dau, with vestiges of the culture of Phung Nguyen, Dong Dau, and Go Mun. Also in this area was found the site of Go Chua Bien Son with vestiges of the Phung Nguyen culture. In Nguyet Duc commune, there is Dinh Xa site, in Dinh Xa village, Dong Dau cultural site has been discovered. In this commune, there is also a site of Hai Cay bronze with traces of the Metal Age… Archaeologists have initially sketched a panorama of ancient times in this place thanks to excavations, survey and reconnaissance in Yen Lac district and Vinh Phuc province. Panorama of Dong Dau archaeological site (Yen Lac – Vinh Phuc). Photo: Tien Dung. While the district has just formed 5 industrial clusters but has not yet formed an industrial park like other areas in the province, Yen Lac advocates exploiting its strengths in culture, especially historical and cultural relics to preserve , promote, first of all to serve sustainable tourism development in order to break out of the purely agricultural district. On the basis of information provided by leaders of Yen Lac district, at the beginning of the year of Tan Suu (2021), we went to survey Dong Dau archaeological relic which was ranked as a National Historical and Cultural relic by the State. from April 21, 2000. This relic is 1.5 Km east of Yen Lac district center, completely located on a mound about 6 m high compared to the surrounding lowland field, with a total area of ​​8.5 ha, in Dong village, Yen town. Lost. Since its discovery (in 1962) until now, Dong Dau archaeological relic has been protected, serving for excavations, research, study tours of specialized scientific agencies, scientists and researchers. domestic and foreign scientists and students from local schools. Stone axes and bowls were discovered at Dong Dau archaeological site in 1999. Photo: Vinhphuc.gov.vn/ Dong Dau relic has undergone 7 major exploration and excavation times in the years: 1965-1966, 1967, 1968-1969, 1984, 1987, 1999 and 2012, with a total area of ​​758m2, concentrated on the southern slopes. East, South, West and the top of the mound with an average thickness of cultural layer over 3m (up to 6m in some places). The 7th excavation was held in December 2012 with the participation of 3 agencies, namely the Department of Archeology, Faculty of History, University of Science and Humanities – Hanoi National University, the Vietnam Archaeological Association and the Department of Archeology. Culture Sports Tourism Vinh Phuc province. Bronze artifacts discovered at Dong Dau archaeological site in 1999. Photo: Vinhphuc.gov.vn Through 7 excavations, many archaeological remains have been discovered with thousands of specimens, tons of pottery pieces of all kinds, extremely rich in materials, types, diverse in types and designs. symbols of 3 cultures: Phung Nguyen – Dong Dau – Go Mun made of stone (axe, chisels, grinding tables, rings, jewelry beads), bronze (ax, file, arrow, hook, javelin) ceramic ( pieces of pots, jars, forks, stringers, ceramic balls and many tools made of bones and horns, animal remains such as pigs, deer, deer, buffalo, cows, dogs, tigers… and quite a few fish bones. At the same time, there are also images of buffaloes, cows, chickens and many animal bones found, for the first time, burnt rice grains have been found, proving that wet rice farming has existed for a long time and plays an important role. important in the life of ancient Vietnamese residents. Dong Dau Go is a precious relic, contributing to affirming in the historical process of the nation spanning about 2 millennia, the ancient Vietnamese people stopped and settled in Dong Dau, creating the Northern Delta. and created the Red River civilization, especially built a brilliant wet rice civilization. Compared to all other archaeological sites (usually with a cultural layer of about 40-50cm), Dong Dau has the thickest cultural layer up to 6m and has a bottom-up evolution over time. Archaeologists have discovered 4 cultural layers of this archaeological site. The bottom (oldest) layer unearthed many stoneware, pottery, horn tools and many animal remains. Notably, in 1999, the Vietnam History Museum in collaboration with the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Vinh Phuc conducted the 6th excavation and discovered a burial tomb, still retaining human remains of the Phung Nguyen culture. This excavation, although only 25m2, but also discovered a tomb located at a depth of 3m. Archaeologists have found very clear tomb borders. The tomb is almost intact except for the missing left femur – possibly due to later people digging a hole to hit the grave and also not ruling out the destruction of the termite nest. The reason is unknown, but found evidence that the right fibula was broken but healed. In particular, there is the custom of dyeing the teeth black and the custom of extracting the upper front teeth and the entire lower front teeth. Obviously, this is not a lost tooth, because if it falls out, the arch must leave traces of tooth points. Meanwhile, this skeleton saw that the lower arch of the jaw where it was extracted had healed to form a sharp edge. The ancient human remains found in Dong Dau were dated by radiocarbon dating (C14) method, showing that the earliest class in Dong Dau dates back to 3,500 years ago. In the remaining three cultural layers, more bronze artifacts were discovered. From the discovered archaeological relics, through the research process, up to now, it is possible to recognize the basic Dong Dau archaeological relics: Dong Dau is the largest ancient Vietnamese residence site in the center of the Northern Delta region, the largest distribution area, the thickest cultural layer, containing a huge amount of archaeological artifacts. and rich. Overview of the excavation pit at Dong Dau relic, 1969. The stages of archaeological culture following the continuous progression at the archaeological site of Dong Dau have confirmed very clearly that: The earliest class was from Phung Nguyen, followed by Dong Dau, Go Mun and finally Dong Son. And because of that, from the Dong Dau relic, Vietnamese archaeologists have a scientific basis to determine the criteria for the stages of cultural development in the Red River basin: The earliest humans present here belong to the late stage of Phung Nguyen culture, they have reached the peak of primitive stone processing techniques, polished, beautiful, sophisticated stone jewelry, began to appear. copper metallurgy. Pottery made by turntable, elegant, balanced, beautiful, typical pattern is the project of carving lines, dots, and symmetry. Wet rice farming has developed, many rice grains and rice burned in coal ash have been discovered. Next is the Dong Dau period with typical elements of reduced stone tools, thick pottery, high calcination, decorative patterns with music staff motifs, brushed into projects: letter S, number 8, symmetry ; bones, horns develop; copper casting technique became the dominant factor. The third layer belongs to the Go Mun culture period, the remaining stone items are few, the horn bones are rare, the pottery is rough, the calcination is higher than the previous two stages, mainly the broken mouth, the main decorative pattern. on the mouth. The top layer belongs to the Dong Son culture period, because the surface of the site has been plowed since it has not been discovered, but the discovered relics are scattered in the scope of the site, mainly bronze artifacts: Axes. Xeo, spear, and knife are typical of Dong Son culture. With 4 periods of archaeological culture present on the same site, the development is continuous, representing a stable and long-term settlement process of ancient Vietnamese residents to form the first State of the people. Ethnicity- State of Van Lang in the Hung King era This is the greatest value of the archaeological site of Dong Dau, not only for Vinh Phuc but also for Vietnam and Southeast Asia. These are extremely valuable evidences to learn about the customs, practices and especially the anthropological composition of the ancient Vietnamese in the Red River basin. The discovery of ancient human remains in Dong Dau will contribute to scientific documents that gradually shed light on the issue of “Vietnamese origin” that many scientists are still trying to find and research. From that, it can be affirmed that Dong Dau along with other archaeological vestiges system in Yen Lac and Vinh Phuc province is from Phung Nguyen culture to Dong Son culture, which brought the process of opening the period of Hung Vuong building the country from the mythical age of Vietnam. history but is being forgotten, wasted, not studied, preserved and promoted to serve sustainable socio-economic development. (There’s more)

Accordingly, scientists studied and analyzed two of 15 ancient tombs discovered in the 1920s at the Valsgärde farm, on the outskirts of the city of Uppsala, central Sweden. Specifically, two ancient tombs are the resting place of two warriors from the 7th century. They were buried in boats with helmets, shields and elaborately decorated weapons, even with puzzle pieces. play. The boats carrying the remains of the two warriors were about 9m long each, with 4-5 pairs of oars. Warrior helmet… and elaborately decorated weapons found in ancient tombs. The remains of the two warriors were laid on a soft mattress, stuffed with the feathers of various birds. Researchers believe that the ancients prepared these items in the hope that the journey to the afterlife of the deceased would be easier. Microscopic analysis showed that the feathers in the mattress were taken from geese, ducks, partridges, crows, sparrows, wading birds (swamp birds) and even eagle owls. More strangely, in a grave, there is an Eurasian card owl with its head cut off. Horse bones and other animals (cattle, pigs, sheep, snowy owls, partridges, ducks, geese, and northern pike) were also found near the boats when they were buried about 1,400 years ago. There are also animal-related artifacts, including 20 horseshoes, one saddle, four bridles, and 4-5 dog leashes. “The warriors seem to be equipped to sail to the afterlife, and can also go ashore with the help of horses. We guessed that the choice of down blankets could have a deeper, more symbolic meaning,” said Professor Birgitta Berglund of the NTNU University Museum in Trondheim, Norway. Feathers are used to make blankets for the dead. Various animals and related artifacts were buried with the boat. According to Norse folklore, the stuffed feathers in bedding for the dying are very important. Professor Berglund explained, the ancients believed that using feathers of domestic chickens, owls, birds of prey, pigeons, crows and squirrels would help prolong the time of “fighting” with death. “In some parts of the Scandinavian Peninsula, goose feathers are considered the best item to help the soul escape from the body,” he points out. The soft feathers in the Valsgärde tombs, the oldest known to have been found in Scandinavia, suggest that the two warriors belonged to the highest class of Iron Age society there. Wealthy Greeks and Romans had been bedridden for hundreds of years before that, but the rich in Europe probably didn’t use it widely until the Middle Ages, Mr. Berglund said. Mr Berglund believes that the decapitated owl was related to the burial ritual. The keeping of birds of prey like eagle owls has long been a status symbol, according to the researchers. “It’s possible that the owls’ heads were cut off to prevent it from coming back,” said the professor, referring to the swords bent in front of the Viking-era mausoleum to prevent the dead from using weapons should they return from the realm of the dead. died. Dead warriors are well-equipped for the journey to the afterlife. Valsgärde began to be excavated in 1928 by archaeologists from the Uppsala University Museum today. More than 90 tombs from the Iron Age were discovered here, including 15 warriors buried by boat burial from the late Iron Age (570–1030 AD). The two tombs that have been the focus of new research are named Valsgärde 7 and 8, both dating to the 7th century. According to Professor Berglund, Valsgärde 7 was excavated in 1933, while Valsgärde 8 was excavated. in 1936. In addition to revealing Iron Age burial rituals, the new study also determines whether feathers used as blankets for warriors were imported or sourced from local birds. If it was imported feathers, this would open the door to a certain historical trade route. Study co-author, biologist Jørgen Rosvold, from the Norwegian Institute of Natural History (NINA), said that making the feather material is time-consuming and challenging for several reasons. “I am still amazed at how well the feathers are preserved despite the fact that they have been lying in the ground for more than 1,000 years,” he said. Research results show that feathers are obtained from different types of birds locally, not through import. “The feathers provide new perspectives on past relationships between humans and birds. Archaeological excavations rarely find traces of birds other than those used for food,” concluded Berglund.

The tombs will be built in a place where astronomy and geography are combined, showing the superior wisdom of the ancients. In China, there are many mysterious tombs that until now remain the inexplicable mysteries of the world. And until now when they lost their grave is still a mystery that scientists want to understand because of the mysteries inside. Those tombs are all solidly built, the owner of the tomb has spent a lot of effort to set up a complex complex of tombs that when approached there are many dangers for those who want to explore them. . Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor Dubbed the impregnable tomb. According to Ancient Origins, 2,200 years ago, Emperor Qin Shi Huang was the first to unify China, after the Warring States period. Qin Shi Huang constantly sent people to find the elixir of life, but was also busy in building his own tomb. A 2017 study by Chinese archaeologists, based on ancient texts, shows that China’s first emperor always wanted to live forever. Ancient documents say that local officials reported not finding the elixir of life, but the search will continue. Elsewhere there is a mysterious herb that may be effective. Tomb of Qin Shi Huang was discovered more than 40 years ago, but so far has not been excavated. In fact, the construction of Qin Shi Huang’s tomb began before he ascended the throne. When he came to power at the age of 13, he immediately built an eternal resting place. But it was only when Qin Shi Huang became emperor that the process of building the tomb was accelerated and expanded. An estimated 700,000 people were involved in the construction of the mausoleum in Shaanxi province, which took 38 years to complete. It is worth mentioning that the mausoleum was only really completed after the death of Qin Shi Huang. Today, information about the Chinese emperor’s tomb is found in the records of the historian of the Han Dynasty, Sima Qian. It was a burial chamber filled with rare treasures collected from all over. Inside the place where Qin Shi Huang’s remains are located, there are also models of large and small rivers on the ground, which look real thanks to mercury. Sima Thien also mentioned the night sky sparkling with moonlight from the glowing pearls used to decorate the dome of the tomb. In order to protect the mausoleum and help the emperor rest in eternal peace, the ancients built a series of traps including bows and crossbows, automatic arrows, etc. These weapons were designed to be able to kill anyone. anyone dares to trespass. Qin Shi Huang’s son also ordered to bury the childless concubines with his father, so that he could continue with him in the afterlife. After the funeral was over, the entrance to the tomb was sealed off. The people involved in the construction work were also locked inside so that no one could reveal the secret to the outside. Finally, plants were planted on the mausoleum to form an artificial hill. It wasn’t until 2,000 years later that a group of Chinese farmers stumbled upon a terracotta warrior. Large-scale excavations revealed a 2,000-man terracotta army. But that’s just the outside of the mausoleum. Archaeologists predict as many as 8,000 terracotta statues inside the emperor’s eternal resting place, which have never been excavated. China currently has no plans to excavate the tomb of Qin Shi Huang. Because more than 2,200 years have passed, it is likely that the pitfalls are still active. Another concern is the very high levels of mercury in the planet Earth. Mercury is inherently a toxic substance that threatens human life even in very small concentrations. In addition, current technology cannot help explore the vast ancient tomb area. Just exposing the artifacts to sunlight and air is enough to destroy them completely. Experts say that recklessly excavating Qin Shi Huang’s resting place could damage the balance of the underground structure, causing unpredictable losses. That is why China has so far not ventured to open the tomb seal. Tomb of Genghis Khan Dubbed the tomb not found. Legend has it that, before his death, Genghis Khan gave orders not to let others know the location of his tomb. That’s why he performed the secret burial. This secret funeral has been effective when after nearly 800 years of history, the resting place of the Mongol emperor Genghis Khan is still shrouded in secrecy. Over hundreds of years, many expeditions, archaeologists, tens of thousands of volunteers have made many journeys to find the location of the tomb of this legendary khan, but until today Today, the tomb of Genghis Khan remains a mystery. To this day, even the exact location of the tomb of Genghis Khan is still unknown According to explorer Marco Polo, when burying Genghis Khan’s coffin, the people carrying the coffin were killed, the tomb was buried deep below, in the middle of a large land, leaving no trace. All the grave diggers were also executed. It is hypothesized that the tomb of Genghis Khan in the Otog period belonged to the town of Ordos, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Another theory is that his grave is at Lu Ban Mountain in Ningxia Autonomous Region and a third is located in Altai Mountain, north of Xinjiang. Tomb of Vo Tac Thien It is known as the tomb that cannot be dug. Wu Zetian’s Tomb is located in Liangshan in Can County, Shaanxi Province, China. Inside the tomb there are countless treasures, so it has been visited by many tomb thieves, according to historical records, a total of 17 times the tomb was stolen, and there are countless times that are not recorded. Qianling, the resting place of Wu Zetian and Emperor Gaozong, is located on the top of Liangshan Mountain, now becoming a famous architectural work in Qian County, Shaanxi Province, China. In which, there are 3 most prominent tomb robbers. The first time was Huang Chao of the Tang Dynasty: to develop the army, Huang Chao sent an army of 400,000 people to dig the tomb of Wu Zetian, he quickly leveled half of the Liangshan mountain, but could not find it. the entrance to the tomb. The second time was the warlord Wen Tao of the Five Dynasties period, in order to complete the goal of stealing “18 tombs of the Tang Dynasty”, he also intended to dig Wu Zetian’s grave, but he constantly encountered bad weather. strange while preparing to steal the grave, scared the soldiers so much that they quickly ran away. The third time was when Sun Lien Trong during the Kuomintang sent the army to dig the grave, when he was about to go inside, 7 soldiers vomited blood and died on the spot in a very strange way. Today, the huge Tomb of Wu Zetian is visible in front of his eyes, attracting millions of visitors, but has not been excavated, so this is considered one of the most mysterious tombs in China.

But recently, paleontologists have had to change this view and push the herbivorous history of dinosaurs to the early Cretaceous period, 125 million years ago, grasses began to appear. This was discovered during the study of fossils of the dinosaur Equijubus found in China. Mount Mazong is located at the northern end of the Hexi Corridor, in present-day Gansu Province, China. The mountain is named because it looks like a horse’s mane blowing in the wind. Mazong Mountain is a desolate place, but beneath that gravel are the remains of creatures that died hundreds of millions of years ago. In 2000, paleontologists from China and the United States formed a joint expedition to unearth paleontological fossils in the Mazong mountain area. During this excavation, paleontologists discovered a large number of fossils. Chinese paleontologist You – Hailu studied the fossils of a new dinosaur species and he named this dinosaur Equijubus. The genus name is derived from the Latin words “equus” meaning “horse” and “juba” meaning “mane”, the genus name meaning “horse mane” because the fossil was found in Mount Mazong. The new species was given the full name Equijubus normani, with “Normani” being named in honor of the famous British paleontologist David B. Norman. Illustration. Equijubus can be considered an intermediate dinosaur between Iguanodon and Hasrosauridae. Equijubus has a fairly large body when compared to a “basic” Hasrosauridae, but they can still run on two legs after being chased by predators. Fossil specimens of this dinosaur include skulls, lower jaw bones, cervical vertebrae, dorsal vertebrae and other parts. Through fossil analysis, it can be seen that Equijubus belongs to the primitive Hadrosauridae, it already possesses some features of Hadrosauridae, but its skull also has obvious features of Iguanodon. Paleontologists surmise that the dinosaur Equijubus could be up to 7 m long, 2 m high and weigh 2.5 tons, almost the size of a small truck. Equijubus would have had a long head, a horn beak on the front of its mouth and flat teeth on the inside of its cheeks, allowing it to chew on hard plants. Equijubus also have a robust body, they often walk on all fours and run on two legs when fleeing predators. Although there are not many fossils of this species, the discovery of Equijubus has great significance for paleontology. As a very primitive Hadrosauridae, Equijubus has shown that the Hasrosauridae may have originated in Asia and that they evolved directly from Iguanodon. 14 years after the Equijubus species was named, paleontologists are once again studying their fossils using the latest technology. They found evidence of herbivorous dinosaurs actually eating grass in fossils! On December 21, 2017, You Hailu and other paleontologists published a research paper titled “Dinosaur-related cuticles and crystals from the Chinese Gramineae family of the Cretaceous Period” on National Science Journal of China. The paper mentioned that the microstructure of primitive herbaceous plants (herbs, rice) was silicified between the teeth of the dinosaur Equijubus. This suggests that herbaceous plants were originally the food of this dinosaur. In fact, to answer the question of whether or not herbivorous dinosaurs ate grass, we need to know that the grass family is a large family of plants with more than 650 genera. Rice, wheat, corn, millet, sorghum, etc… the plants that we cannot live without are all grasses, and many other plants that we can eat are also grasses. People have always doubted the existence of the grass family, and the time period of its appearance is also quite unclear. And in the past, scientists always thought that they appeared after dinosaurs. But through the discovery of secrets from the fossils of the dinosaur Equijubus, we have learned that grass appeared on Earth 125 million years ago. This means that on Earth, dinosaurs of that time also had herbivorous habits (literally eating grass). The earliest known seed-bearing plants can be traced back to the Middle Jurassic or earlier, 164 million years ago. It was discovered during the Boda Jurassic period in Inner Mongolia. Although this plant is only a few centimeters tall, it already has roots, stems, leaves, and fruits.

The song resounds in the summer wind: From the Lumbini garden the Buddha was born The fresh carefree flower blooms with the fragrance of the ten directions The city of Kapilavastu, the wind cheered, and the sky was bright People joyfully announce good news Prince Siddhartha was born. Lumbini – The sacred garden was officially recognized by Unesco as a world heritage site in 1997. Lumbini is located on a low hill at the foot of the Himalayas, about 25 kilometers east of the ancient Kapilavastu (now Kapilavastu), about 25 kilometers east of the Indian border. – Nepal 36 kilometers. Through the control gate, leave shoes outside, go inside, see a white building. White building At first, it was very strange to see the white building, but when I went inside, I realized that the building was built around to protect the excavated brick foundation to avoid further destruction. Because the camera could not be used, the crew could not record pictures, and memories could not be redrawn. Next to it is a stone that is said to be the footprints of the crown prince, protected in a glass cage. On the wall there is a stone bas-relief talking about the prince’s birth. Looking at the relief, you will see the queen with her hand on the branch of no concern and the birth of the crown prince on her side. Being able to sit quietly for a few minutes, no matter how far apart, the time apart seems to have not existed. But why this footprint is so respected, the answer lies at the base of the Bodhi tree by the Nile River. Next to the building is a stone pillar built by King Ashoka in 249 BC. King Ashoka Pillar Sit back here to meditate, more than 2500 years have passed, all traces remain, excavated and identified by archaeologists. If the location is not determined, everything is still there, but completely lost in the human mind. Confused about whether one person is present in this life, changing the outlook of many lives, just by saying one thing that everyone knows “blood is red, tears are salty” but it seems that everyone never knew. Called rebirth in the footsteps of Buddha. Following in the footsteps of Buddha… Looking across the lake is the Bodhi tree, formerly the tree of no concern. Legend has it that Queen Mada bathed in the pond, and when she went up to the tree to worry, she gave birth to a crown prince. There is no statue here, perhaps afraid of losing the beauty of the landscape, so the statue of the crown prince died and built another place. Came here without trying to walk a little more, so walking in the noonday sun, the group recorded a more brilliant golden image. Statue of the newborn Buddha Heaven and earth, Unique self. The world necessarily, Birth, aging, sickness and death. There are many ways to explain, if you don’t understand it, it’s okay, the conscious things can’t be separated, let life quietly answer. Is there anything outside the cycle of birth, aging, sickness and death? Leaving the garden of Lumbini, went to the city of Kapilavastu (Kapilavastu). Kapilavastu Citadel Kapila city lived peacefully in the life of the first king, who was happy Shakyamuni he had just been born. All the birds sing to celebrate the fragrant flowers and leaves. Bright rays of light shine throughout the mountains and rivers. Tree of no concern so far sentient beings are always reminded, where Lumbini still records how many happy days. Citadel of Ca-pil-la-vai is currently restoring the background of many brick foundations located at the palaces… Passing a place to see the prince standing in front of the room door, silently bid farewell. Once upon a time read Golden light by Uncle Vo Dinh Cuong, the passage about when the crown prince heard the voice: “ The hour has come! The hour has come!” Three times He went out, three times He came back. But the last time with determination, he put the hem of his shirt on his head, pulled back the curtain, and stepped out…” The places where the foundation of the citadel has been excavated, although it has not been determined where, but there is no place here that does not have that image. Go gradually to the gate of the East city, where the prince crossed the city to become ordained. Standing on the ruined brick floor looking to the East, imagine a Kien Trac horse soaring through the city gate like pictures cherished by many people since childhood, a way beyond the ceiling. Not enough time to get to the Anoma River, standing on the city floor and looking at the horizon. “The front is full of dark green water and forest! The majestic scene here makes people shiver: The Anoma River (Anoma) surges and waves. The message on the other side of the bank, each mountain range overlaps. on top of each other. Desolate, desolate, surrounded on all sides. Not a single human footprint has been left here! (Excerpt) Golden light – Vo Dinh Cuong) The Anoma stream undulating green reed banks, Looking at Shakyamuni’s azure water, his heart was steadfast, Come back, let me enjoy the golden light, I have determined to find the bright path to save sentient beings, … Anoma still remembers to set a shining example, We now vow to follow Compassion. Farewell to Kapilavastu, now also go to the East. The direction is sometimes not important, but the destination is in which direction. (Excerpt) “Travel to Indian Relics” – 2019)

The ruins of the ancient city of Tikal, where the Teotihuacan population was discovered. Autonomous zone in the city To the naked eye – and on archaeologists’ maps – the structure looks like a hill amid the undulating landscape of Tikal, the ancient Maya city-state in the lowlands of northern Guatemala. But when the researchers zoomed in on the image with a laser scanning device called LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging), they saw a man-made pyramid structure. , hidden under the soil and vegetation accumulated for thousands of years. This structure is actually part of an old residential area, different from most structures that have existed in Tikal. It has a distinctive shape, orientation and architectural features commonly found in Teotihuacan, a powerful city-state belonging to another civilization, near present-day Mexico City, 1200km west of Tikal. Upon closer inspection, archaeologists found that the complex appeared to be a copy of the giant Citadel square in Teotihuacan but was only half the size. The new discovery of a massive monument at the heart of Tikal – one of the most widely excavated and studied archaeological sites on Earth, shows that LiDAR is revolutionizing archeology in Central America, where these sites The jungle often renders satellite imagery useless. From here, however, a difficult question also arises: What role does an area of ​​the remote Teotihuacan city-state play in the heart of this Maya capital? After studying images from LiDAR, Edwin Román-Ramírez, Director of the South Tikal Archaeological Project conducted excavations in the summer of 2020. Digging tunnels into the site, his team made the discovery. Building tools, funeral offerings, pottery, and weapons are typical of early fourth-century Teotihuacan. From censers decorated with the rain god Teotihuacan, to darts made of green obsidian in central Mexico, the site is likely a quasi-autonomous neighborhood in central Tikal. Román-Ramírez said: “We know that the Teotihuacans had some presence and influence in Tikal and nearby Maya areas before 378. But it is not clear how well the Mayans were associated with the most powerful kingdom in the region. . Now there is evidence that their relationship is even closer than that.” Relationship between two civilizations The ruins of the Citadel Square of the Teotihuacan civilization. Thomas Garrison – a geographer at the University of Texas – Austin (USA), specializing in the use of digital technology for archaeological research, said that the above findings proved to a certain extent that the America’s old town isn’t too different from today’s cosmopolitan cities. “There is a mixture of cultures and people of different backgrounds and languages ​​coexist, maintaining their identity in one city,” he said. A study funded by the Pacunam LiDAR Initiative, which published groundbreaking findings in 2018, reveals a vast network of ancient cities in the Maya lowlands, home to millions of people. people, more than previously thought. Scientists Edwin Román – Ramírez noted that the above findings do not confirm that the builders of the complex came from Teotihuacan. “But what we found shows that, for more than a century people who are more or less familiar with Teotihuacan culture and traditions have lived there, in their own region,” he said. Based on ceramic designs found in the ruins, the team estimates that construction at the site began at least 100 years before 378, an important date in Mayan history. According to the Maya inscriptions, the king of Teotihuacan sent a general called the Born of Fire to overthrow the king of Tikal, Jaguar Paw, and put his young son in charge of the country. Born of Fire arrived in Tikal on January 16, 378, the same day that Jaguar Paw “entered the water” – a Mayan metaphor for death. After being annexed, Tikal flourished for several centuries, conquering and pacifying neighboring cities, and spreading their culture throughout the plains. Tikal’s hegemony during this period is well documented, but it is not clear why, after decades of friendly coexistence, Teotihuacan turned his back on his former ally. Further excavations at Tikal may provide new insights, but a recent discovery in Teotihuacan suggests that cultural conflict may have sparked the breakup between these two powerful city-states. A team of scientists led by Nawa Sugiyama, an archaeologist at the University of California, Riverside (USA), has discovered a “Maya house” at Teotihuacan. The opulent buildings here are decorated with splendid Mayan murals, suggesting that the inhabitants were either elite diplomats or aristocratic families. But just before Tikal was annexed in 378, the murals were smashed to pieces and buried. A nearby pit was filled with shattered human skeletons, indicating the sudden shift from diplomacy to violent confrontation between the two city-states. “What went wrong in that relationship, when a bunch of elite Maya residents were massacred, their buildings were demolished, all their belongings were thrown away, and then their homeland was conquered. ruled by a child king?” asked Francisco Estrada-Belli, an archaeologist at Tulane University. It is also one of the great mysteries of Central America that scientists are trying to answer.

Back in 1960, the prominent novelist and filmmaker Jean Cocteau used to come to this construction site to set the scene for the film. the movie “The Testament of Ospheus .” “. “ This space is so modern, new and something so intense “, designer Virginie Viard expressed her feelings when watching this film. “ The movie really inspired the BST a lot. When I revisited this site again, many years ago before it was used as a “son et lumiere” show (show of light and music), I noticed that the costumes had to be strong, white and black. “, added Chanel creative director. Designer Virginie Viard weaves both Mod and Punk inspiration into this Cruise 2022 collection to highlight suit designs, white and black mini skirts, or square knit dresses, dotted with mesh socks. bold mod personality. Accessory designs are extremely rich such as leather hoster belts worn on the hips or thighs, chain pants straps, necklaces, thorny lip piercings of the Punk style. Meanwhile, graphic print suits with new designs, featuring blouse bodices and tight peplum skirts, or pigeon motifs drawn from artist’s pencil and brush drawings Cocteau is also vividly reproduced on cardigans and sweatshirts. In this Cruise BST, Chanel also challenged the 1930s costumes of actor Jean Marais in “ Oedipus Rex “. And that idea is reflected in bodycon shirts combined with sarouel pants, and hem-cut skirts worn with long coats. Besides the thorny punk or mod personality, many other gentle and elegant designs in the Chanel Cruise 2022 collection such as ivory lace dress, wide-leg pants, high-waisted linen pants, sweatshirt embroidered with flowers characteristics of Provence such as lavender, thyme, marigold… also fascinate fashionistas at first sight. In particular, tweed material is indispensable in the launch seasons of Chanel’s collection. And so is the Chanel Cruise 2022 collection, Chanel’s signature colors such as white, black, and pastel pink on sustainably treated tweed are described by designer Virginie Viard as the “Cézanne” palette – the color palette according to with the style of Post-Impressionist painting by French painter Paul Cézanne. At the end of the show, velvet short dresses combined with crochet and macramé robes made it difficult for fans to take their eyes off with their not-so-sophisticated but sophisticated design. Here is the entire Chanel Cruise 2022 launch show: Posts : To Hoang Bao

Li Bai (701-762) was one of the most famous poets of the Tang Dynasty in China. He is not only known as a great poet, he is also known as “Zu Trung Tien” because of his rare wine-loving style. In particular, in his poems, there was once a cup of wine that could not be exhausted no matter how he drank it: “The ladle of the falcon, the cup of the parrot, one hundred five thirty-six thousand days, one day should be inclined three hundred cups.” (Tuong Duong ca). The cup of wine “drinking forever” really exists in history. Photo: Sina Archaeologists have always been very interested in the “parrot cup” or “parrot cup” that Li Bai refers to, but such artifacts have never been excavated. It was not until the discovery of an ancient Jin Dynasty (317 – 420) tomb in 1965 that archaeologists found the strange wine glass described in these poems. Invention ahead of its time In 1965, archaeologists discovered a family tomb in Xiangshan, Nanjing. Based on the stele unearthed, the archaeological team judged that the owner of the tomb belonged to the Vuong family, one of the four largest clans of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Here, in addition to finding a large number of burial items, which are of great value to the study of family culture and funeral customs of the Wei and Jin dynasties, scientists were also very surprised. when unearthed a large snail shell in the grave . The cup was unearthed. Photo: Sina The appearance of the Anh Vu snail caused a lot of controversy in the professional world, because this was the first time they unearthed a strange artifact. Through research, the experts eventually discovered: It turns out that this is the famous “parrot cup” in history, this cup is originally made from Anh Vu snail shell. Perhaps, the owner of the tomb is also a person with a passion for wine like poet Ly Bach, so he decided to bring this cup to his final resting place. This is the first time people have unearthed a parrot cup, so experts are very interested and want to study why the parrot cup can contain such a large amount of alcohol, because from the outside, this is really a normal Anh Vu snail shell, nothing special. The secret inside To find out the answer to this problem, experts decided to take an X-ray of the cup, it turned out that the image of “300 cup tilting day” in Li Bai’s poetry was not a product of pompous tricks, it’s true. Inside the parrot cup there are lots of naturally created nets that occupy the dense interior of the prison and, all hidden nets are connected by small holes. When the ancients poured wine into the parrot cup, the wine would gradually seep into the net through small holes. In this way, when the ancients poured wine from a parrot cup, the wine inside would not be poured out all at once, but flowed out little by little under the influence of air pressure.In this way, it gives the illusion that the alcohol in it never runs out. Recreate the image inside the parrot cup. Photo: Sina After the experts learned this secret, they felt great admiration for the wisdom of the ancients. The working principle of the parrot cup is very similar to today’s activated carbon, it uses the spatial structure inside the object to achieve the purpose of slowing down the flow. Drinking with a small glass of wine with such a long pouring power is very elegant and rich in emotion, so the parrot cup is always sought after by antique wine lovers. The parrot cup is so popular, but why has it disappeared from history? Experts believe that the cause is due to the main material of the cup – the Anh Vu snail, which has a very small number. This animal lives on the seabed several hundred meters deep in the tropics and subtropics, so it is not easy to find.

But what is surprising is that such a huge mass of emperors’ tombs have never been found, they seem to have disappeared into thin air. “Starting the cup” – where this mysterious valley is located, is still a mystery to this day. This problem has been troubling archaeologists around the world for over 600 years since the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, countless people have searched for the exact location of the “Kaijia Valley”. Of course, after many years of exploration, it is not without results, for example, the true location of “Starting Cup” now has some clues. Currently, in the world, there are two most valuable historical documents for studying the Mongol Empire, one is the “Yuanshi” compiled during the Ming dynasty, and the other is the “History” of Iran. However, many people have never heard of the book “History”. This book was compiled by the Prime Minister of the Yer Khanate (also known as the Yili Khanate or the Yi Er Khanate, one of the four khanates of the Mongol Empire founded in Persia in the 13th century, considered to was part of the Mongol empire that covered almost half of Central Asia). After the Mongol cavalry conquered all of Central Asia, they brought with them the secret skills unique to the Central Highlands. The book “History” was written in this context, so it belongs to the mainstream history books and its contents are quite reliable. In the “History”, it is clearly indicated the location of the “Beginner Cup” – Burkhan Khaldun Mongolian Mountains. Not only that, the “History” also lists in detail all the rivers near the mountain, which is an important basis for scholars to discover the specific location of the “Burkhan Khaldun mountain range”. In “History”, it is mentioned that the east side of the mountain is the Onon River, the northwest is “Cable Lat Hop”, the southwest is “Tula”, the south central part of the mountain is “Kep Luc Lien”, Names of rivers in Mongolian. Based on the direction of these rivers, foreign experts have finally determined the true location of the “Starting Cup” – the Great Kent mountain in present-day Mongolia. In addition, the search for the tombs of the Yuan Dynasty is not only studied by the archaeological community in China, it is also a major topic worldwide, and there are many leading scholars inside and outside China. National research on this issue. According to the “History” record, Genghis Khan and his successors were buried here, noting that the successors included not only Yuan emperors but also many the great khan of the four great Mongol khanates of more than half of the globe. Now everyone knows why archaeologists all over the world are interested in this issue. With the vast territory of the Mongol Empire, the treasures of the different races of the world in the “Starting Cup” could be piled up like mountains. If this place is found and excavated, its value will even exceed the excavation of all the tombs of the Pharaohs in Egypt. Of course, the “Beginner Cup” which is the “Mongolian Kent Mountains” above is just one of many statements, mainly attributed to many scholars around the world. Another group of scholars believe that “Starting the Cup” is near Ordos – China (a city of Inner Mongolia). This view has two bases: First, the “Eight White Houses” Genghis Khan of Ordos. The “Bai White House” is now the “Tomb of Genghis Khan” in Inner Mongolia, about 40 kilometers from the Ordos urban area, which is not only a famous 5A grade tourist attraction, but also the most important place for tourists. with people of all ethnicities in Mongolia to worship Genghis Khan. Scholars suggest that Genghis Khan’s actual burial place is probably not too far from the “Bai White House”, as the camel hair associated with Genghis Khan’s last breath is here, and the “breath” is here. last” means “soul” of the Great Khan, and the burial place of course would not be too far away. Second: Genghis Khan died midway through his conquest of the Western Summer, if the body were transported to the present “Great Kent Mountains” the journey would be too long. According to various historical records, Genghis Khan died in Lingzhou, Western Xia, now in Ningwu County, Ningxia, China. “The Secret History of Mongolia”: “In the Year of the Pig, Genghis Khan ascended to heaven after capturing the city of Duo Bon Mien Can.” “History”: “In the Year of the Pig, Han (Genghis Khan) entered Luc Ban Mountain, died on August 15. “History of the Yuan Dynasty”: “Thai To besieged Tay Ha for 22 years, in May leaped away from the summer heat in Luc Ban Mountain, descended to Tay Ha in June, and collapsed in the Thich Do Palace in Ta Ly Xuyen. in August, and was buried in the Khoi Lian Valley.” There is no doubt about the death of Genghis Khan in Lingzhou, Western Xia. So the question is, scholars have pointed out, if the Mongol court at that time would have brought Genghis Khan’s body back to the “Great Kent” mountains? If the road is so far, how should Genghis Khan’s body be preserved? These two questions are very good. Therefore, it is reasonable to say that Genghis Khan’s body was buried in Ordos, Inner Mongolia. In addition to the above two main theories, there are other theories such as Altay mountain, Luc Ban mountain where the burial site is located, and Truong Gia Khau, these statements are relatively small, so it is not necessary to repeat them here. The tombs of the Yuan dynasty are very mysterious, closely related to the Mongolian custom of “secret burial”. According to “Marco Polo’s Travels”, those who wrote the way to bury the coffins of the khan had to be killed, to prevent the news from spreading. In addition, the place where the mausoleum is located must be in the “No signs, no trees”, not have any landmarks. From the outside looking in, it is impossible to know the location of the tomb. The Mongolian custom of “secret burial” was an important reason why the Tomb of the Yuan Dynasty remained undiscovered for hundreds of years. Those who really know the location of the tombs of the Yuan emperors and the Great Khans are as secretive as the bottlenecks, unable to reveal half an hour to outsiders for a lifetime. The reason is very simple, they do not want the rest of their ancestors and themselves to be disturbed by outsiders. Diep Tu in the book “Tao Moc Tu” of the Ming Dynasty said that in the past, the way to the tomb was found by Mongol soldiers killing the young camels in front of the female camels in the mausoleum, and the female camels would recognize it. the location of the mausoleum and lead the way if needed. However, Mr. Diep’s way of finding the way does not seem to be correct, the matter of the tomb is great, how can the Mongol aristocrats find that way? Just one question: What if the mother camel died in the middle of the road or was stolen? So this statement has no basis. The tombs of such mysterious Yuan emperors are indeed closely related to the Mongolian custom of “secret burial”. Currently, it seems that Genghis Khan and the tomb of the Yuan dynasty are most likely in the Greater Kent Mountains or near Ordos. In fact, the historical records of the location of “Starting the Cup” have been thoroughly researched by experts, and now the only thing that is needed is, just to find the exact address through surveying. archeology. If it is true that the mausoleum is in China, they plan to be properly protected, but if the mausoleum is on the Mongolian side, perhaps cooperation between these two countries is needed to find the exact address.

The 2,000-year-old marble head of Emperor Augustus has just been unearthed. Photo: CNN “While we were digging behind the wall, I saw the soil change color,” said Giancola. So we continued to dig carefully and discovered a block of marble. I immediately recognized it as the head of Emperor Augustus due to the hair and the shape and cut of the eyes.” According to archaeologist Maria Diletta Colombo of the Italian Ministry of Cultural Heritage, the head of the statue is about 35cm high, possibly dating from 20 BC to 10 AD. This head may have been detached from the more than 2m tall statue, which is also made of Lunigiana marble. This statue most likely depicts the young Emperor Augustus Octavian. “This is a very important finding; However, archaeologists have not been able to determine why the head of Emperor Augustus is in that area. The head of this statue should have been placed in a temple or a certain area reserved for the Royal Family.” The town of Isernia, known as Aesernia in the ancient world, was the land of the Samnites, Italy. Later, the town became a Roman colony. In this land, scientists have discovered many archaeological remains, including medieval tombs and terracotta artifacts… Despite being heavily damaged in World War I 2, but this land has gradually revived strongly. Currently, the local government is promoting heritage promotion activities to attract tourists to visit. Augustus (63 BC – AD 14) was the first Emperor of ancient Rome. Augustus replaced the Roman republic with an effective monarchy. He laid a very important foundation on which to build a powerful Roman empire, stretching from Great Britain to Egypt.

The Egyptian pyramids are a giant structure in the middle of the desert and can be seen from extraterrestrial satellites. Building these pyramids was certainly a huge task, so who did it? The pyramids could not have been built by Jewish slaves, as no archaeological remains that can be directly related to the Jews have been found in Egypt dating to 4,500 years ago, when the needles Giza pyramids were built, archaeological research has revealed. Also, the story told in the Hebrew Bible about the slavery of the Jews in Egypt refers to a city called “Ramesses.” A city called pi-Ramesses was founded during the 19th dynasty (circa 1295-1186 BC) and named after Ramesses II, who ruled 1279-1213 BC. This city was built after the pyramid construction period ended in Egypt. Furthermore, no archaeological evidence has been found of the lost city of Atlantis for any length of time, and many scholars believe the story to be fictitious. For aliens, this idea is said to be impossible. In fact, Egyptologists say, all the evidence suggests that the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids. However, how the pyramid builders lived, how they were rewarded and how they were treated is still a mystery that researchers are still investigating. The pyramids and the people who built them Egypt has over 100 ancient pyramids, but the most famous include the first-order pyramid, built during the reign of pharaoh Djoser (circa 2630-2611 BC) and the first real pyramid. was built during the rule of pharaoh Snefru (circa 2575-2551 BC). The Great Pyramid was built at Giza during the reigns of pharaoh Khufu (circa 2551-2528 BC), and two of his successors, Khafre (circa 2520-2494 BC) and Menkaure (c. 2490-2472 BC), there are also pyramids built at Giza. The pharaohs gradually stopped building pyramids during the New Kingdom (1550-1070 BC), choosing instead to be buried in the Valley of the Kings, about 483 km south of Giza. Over the past few decades, archaeologists have found new evidence that provides clues as to who the pyramid builders were and how they lived. Surviving records, including papyri manuscripts discovered in 2013 at Wadi al-Jarf on Egypt’s Red Sea coast, suggest that large groups of workers helped bring the materials to Giza. The papyri found at Wadi al-Jarf tells of a group of 200 men led by an inspector named Merer. This group of workers moved the stones by boat along the banks of the Nile, 18km from the Great Pyramid at Tura, where the stones were used to build the pyramid’s outer layer. Egyptologists have previously theorized that the pyramid builders were largely done by seasonal farmers, times of the year when there was little agricultural work to do. The papyri detailing the pyramid’s history is still in the process of being deciphered and analyzed, but the results indicate that the group led by Merer did more than help build the pyramid. These workers appear to have traveled through much of Egypt, possibly as far as the Sinai desert, carrying out many of the construction projects and tasks assigned to them. This raises the question of whether they are part of a permanent professional force, rather than a group of seasonal agricultural workers who will return to their fields. Pyramid builder treatment? According to Pierre Tallet, a professor of Egyptology at the University of Paris-Sorbonne in France, who is deciphering papyri manuscripts and co-leader of the team that found them, the workers were given a diet that included scrubs. is, vegetables, poultry and meat. In addition to a healthy diet, the papyri manuscript describes members of the working group regularly receiving textiles, which could have been seen as a reward at the time. In addition, officials in senior positions involved in the construction of the pyramids may have received land grants, said Mark Lehner, director of the Association for Ancient Egyptian Studies (AERA), a Massachusetts-based research institute. Historical records show that there were times in Egyptian history when officials were granted land. However, it is not known whether the land-granted officials were involved in the construction of the pyramid. Lehner’s team was excavating a town in Giza that was inhabited and frequented by several workers who were building the Menkaure pyramids. So far, archaeologists have found evidence that the ancient inhabitants of this town once baked large quantities of bread, slaughtered thousands of animals and brewed large quantities of beer. Based on animal bones found at the site, and considering the nutritional needs of workers, archaeologists estimate that about 1,800 kilograms of animals, including cattle, sheep and goats, were slaughtered on average. average daily, to provide food for workers. The remains of the workers were buried in the tombs near the pyramid, showing that the workers had healed their bones. This shows that they have access to medical care that is available at the time. The rich diet of the pyramid builders, combined with evidence of medical care and receiving textiles… has led Egyptologists to generally agree that workers did not must be slaves. However, this does not mean that all workers have equal accommodation. AERA excavations show that some of the more senior officials lived in large houses and had the best cuts of meat. In contrast, Lehner suspects, lower-level workers may have slept in simple houses or “rested” at the pyramids themselves.

Researchers have tried to contact many Roman scholars, but have been unable to determine what this monstrous mansion represents in Roman culture, nor have they been able to find anything similar. order to compare in all the relics of the empire that are scattered around the world. Aerial photos show the mansion occupying a large territory, each room as big as a small house – Photo: MAPARCH Above Daily Mail, Keith Emerick, a spokesman for Historic England, said it was a large complex of buildings, including a giant circular room in the center, with many paths leading to many auxiliary rooms. radiate in all directions. Even the villa’s bathroom is as large as a building, showing that the owner of the quaint architecture is very rich and has a high status in society. Close-up of the central building – Photo: MAPARCH Based on the excavated parts of the splendid structure, the archaeological team believes that it was originally built for residential or recreational purposes, but was later transferred to a mysterious religious organization. It is also possible that from the beginning it was built as a general architecture, part housing, part religious service. According to the Ancient Origins, the building was probably built during the 150 year period that the Roman government controlled England, i.e. 77 AD to 228 AD. It must have been built by the most talented architects and leading craftsmen of Northern Europe of that period. An archaeologist at the scene – Photo: MAPARCH According to the The Yorkshire Post Due to the great value of this archaeological treasure, the authorities are tightening security in the area. Keepmoat’s proposed housing project on the site will be put on hold indefinitely. Because this work is so precious and unique, the building will have to be redesigned to preserve the monument.

Panoramic cave area Panga ya Saidi, Kenya, where ancient tomb is excavated Despite being home to the earliest indications of modern human behavior, early evidence of African burials is scarce and often ambiguous. Therefore, very little is known about the origin and development of the continental burial practices that gave birth to mankind. Pang ya Saidi has been an important site for the study of human origins since excavations began in 2010 as part of a long-standing collaboration among archaeologists from the Max Planck Institute on the Faculty. Study Human History (Jena, Germany) and National Museum of Kenya (Nairobi). Repeated excavation seasons at Pang ya Saidi now help establish it as a key site on the East African coast, with a special 78,000-year record of cultural, technological and iconic activities. original human. Parts of the child’s bones were first found during the excavation at Pang ya Saidi in 2013, but it wasn’t until 2017 that the feature of the small bone-filled pit was completely revealed. About three meters below the existing cave floor, the shallow, round hole contains bones that have decomposed tightly and are very difficult to decompose, and should be stabilized and plastered at the scene. New findings in the laboratory After being reassigned, the remainder was taken to the National Museum in Nairobi and then to the National Research Center for Human Evolution (CENIEH) laboratories in Burgos, Spain, for further excavation and analysis. Two teeth were exposed during the initial laboratory excavation, leading researchers to suspect that the remains could be human. Subsequent studies at CENIEH confirmed that the teeth belonged to a child between 2.5 and 3 years old, later nicknamed ‘Mtoto’, meaning ‘child’ in Swahili. Through months of intense excavation in CENIEH’s laboratories, spectacular new discoveries have been made. Professor María Martinón-Torres, director of CENIEH, explained: “We started to explore parts of the skull and face, with the intact joint of the lower jaw and some uneven teeth. The articulation of the spine and ribs is also surprisingly preserved, even preserving the curvature of the chest. It showed that it was an intact burial and the decomposition of the body took place in the hole where the bone was found. ” Microscopic analysis of the bones and surrounding soil confirmed that the body was quickly covered after burial and decomposition took place in the pit. In other words, Mtoto was intentionally buried shortly after death. The researchers also suggest that Mtoto’s bent body, found to be reclined to the right with the knees pulled towards the chest, represents a tightly wrapped burial with deliberate preparation. Martinón-Torres noted that this community may have performed some form of honor ceremony. The burial was different among modern humans and Neanderthals The child’s date (Mtoto) is 78,000 years ago and it is the oldest known human burial site in Africa. Later periods from the Stone Age of Africa also included many children, perhaps signaling special treatment of children’s bodies in this ancient period. Human remains have been found on an archaeological level with mid-African Neolithic stone tools, a distinct type of technology believed to be more involved than hominins. Ndiema noted: “The link between this child burial tool and the Stone Age played an important role in proving that Homo sapiens was the exact producer of these particular industries, in contrast to other hominin species ”. Professor Michael Petraglia of the Max Planck Institute in Jena noted: “The burial of Pang ya Saidi shows that the dehumanization of the dead is a cultural practice shared by Homo sapiens and Neanderthals. This finding raises questions about the origins and evolution of corpse burial rituals between the two human species is closely related and the extent of this behavior is far from that of people today.

An ancient tomb was found in an ordinary village, the contents have astounded archaeologists: A banquet table is still intact! In 1993, a resident in Zhangjiakou, Hebei accidentally discovered that there was water seepage on the ground, so he called the concerned person to investigate. Thanks to that, an ancient tomb was discovered. According to experts, these graves belong to a family of Zhang built in the Lieu dynasty, more than a thousand years ago. The entire passage of the tomb is more than 6 meters long, going down the path is the arched tower gate, on this tower gate there are many carved decorations, lifelike patterns. There are two doors underneath the gate, like the houses we see today. The expert opened the door to see two statues on either side, similar to the guard. If you continue forward, there will be another wooden door, which can be opened to enter the back room, where a lot of precious burial items are placed. What surprised the experts, however, was not how luxurious the funeral items were, but a dining table. Photos of the dining table found (Photo: Sohu) In the back room, there is a large round table with eating utensils and fruit and dishes. Although most foods have gone rancid after thousands of years, they can still be distinguished: There are grapes, chestnuts and other common dishes on the table. Because the owner of the tomb believes in Buddhism, the meal is vegetarian, without meat. Next to the table and chairs, seems to want to invite the owner to dine at any time. In addition, there is also a small granary for storing sorghum and grains. There was also a green bottle of water on the table, in which there was a little liquid and an orange-red color, when approaching one could smell a strong aroma, it was deduced that it must be the wine thousands of years ago. . Based on the grapes and wine found, it can be inferred that in the Lieu period, people already had grapes and could use it for wine making. According to the epitaph found in the tomb, it can be speculated that the owner is a Lieu family and has done a lot of good deeds throughout his life, so it is loved by everyone around him. His epitaph also states that by entering the tomb, everyone can sit down and drink a glass of wine, which shows that this person is open and friendly. Rarely, an ancient tomb thousands of years ago can still be kept as intact, it is of great significance for later research. According to Sohu

Tattoos discovered on mummies. Recently, through studying mummies at this site, scientists have discovered that ancient Egyptians also tattooed and they are looking for the meaning of those tattoos. Tattoo marks under infrared rays Artisans and workers during the construction of the “Valley of Kings” made their home in a site called Deir el Medina. Here, many tombs and many other artifacts were excavated and revealed many mysteries. In 2014, archaeologist Anne Austin, of the University of Missouri – St.. Louis, USA, and colleagues at the French Institute of Oriental Archeology have studied 3,000-year-old mummies and have made interesting findings. While examining the mummies with infrared light, they found on the seven bodies there were many large tattoos that had never been seen before. The effects of time made the mummy’s skin discolor and darken, but the tattoo marks were still quite visible under infrared light. Through analysis, experts find that these tattoos have many complex details. One of the mummies mentioned above has more than 30 tattoos on the neck, arms, shoulders and back, including symbols, Egyptian hieroglyphs, scarabs, lotus flowers, Horus eyes, and patterns. crosses, and strange motifs. On another mummy, the mark clearly depicts baboons, along with other animals such as cobras and cows. All tattoos have sacred meanings. For example, the bull tattoo is associated with the goddess Hathor, one of the most important deities of ancient Egypt, the embodiment of joy, love, and maternal love, often depicted as a woman. has a bull head and ears. All of the mummies have tattoos of various motifs, with the same tattoo technique as today, with ink and needle tools. What is the purpose? Scientist Anne Austin is working on ancient Egyptian mummies. The purpose of tattooing for the ancient Egyptians is still unknown. Many theories suggest that tattoos are related to fertility, a person’s status, a ritual symbol, a sign of worship, paranormal knowledge, or a representation of a person’s role. priestess. Interestingly, most tattooed Egyptian mummies found to date have been female, suggesting that the tattoo could have been reserved for healers or mighty nuns. Notably, the tattoos are all over the body areas that are not covered. Horus’s eyes were placed on his neck, shoulders and back so that when people looked at this woman from any angle, they would see god’s eyes looking back at them. These findings contradict some previous Egyptian studies that deny women practicing religion. They are seen as objects of lust, or only passively participate in the male-dominated religious system. The characterization of new tattoos on mummies points to the fact that the role of women in religion in ancient Egypt was more complex than previous assumptions about their identity. Although tattoo designs are mostly only available to women, at least one male with the tattoo was discovered using similar Austin’s technique. This male mummy, simply called “Gebelein Man A”, has been on display at the British Museum for more than a century, has markings on its arms that have long been believed to be stains and ignored. In 2018, Daniel Antoine, a British Museum anthropologist using Austin’s technique on the mummy, discovered the traces were actually tattoos of a wild gaur and a Barbary sheep. , is said to represent status, power and masculine solidity. A female mummy on display was also found tattooed with S-shaped symbols that had never been noticed before. Both sets of tattoos are also important as the above mummies are even older than the ones found at Deir el Medina, more than 5,000 years ago, the period before the Egyptian hieroglyphs were used. . The bodies of these two were buried in ordinary graves but naturally preserved by the heat, arid desert. With these new findings, it is thought that tattoos were probably more widespread in Ancient Egypt than previously thought. The use of infrared imaging techniques to re-examine Egyptian mummies is an effective way to learn more about this custom and gain insight into mysterious people. Austin hopes it will shed some light on this dim area of ​​history. “The tattoos reveal new information that was unprecedented in the textual documents, helping us to better understand the role of women in ancient Egypt,” she said. However, many questions remain, such as: Why did the ancient Egyptians get tattoos and what do they really mean? What do tattoos tell us about this ancient civilization? Hope the time will clear up these mysteries ”.

According to the excavation team of the Archeology Institute, this architectural vestige is completely located in the cultural class of Tran dynasty, below the culture class of the Le so, Le Trung Hung and Nguyen dynasties at a depth of 1.95m, from the ground ground. current area. This cultural layer is dense with Tran tiles, including red cover tiles, lotus-nosed tiles, and pointed tiles. Round architectural traces Architectural vestiges of the Tran dynasty are circular in shape under the Tran dynasty clay and brick layers, about 0.4m – 0.6m thick and built entirely of cover bricks. Round architectural brick cover bricks are all rectangular, bright red bricks arranged in two staggered rows and only one layer, the outer row is lower than the inner row. Outside the circle in the East – West – South directions are a number of pebbles with many different sizes arranged relatively flat but not in a certain shape. Implementing the direction of the Standing Committee of the City Party Committee and Hanoi People’s Committee at Notice No. 152-TB / TU dated March 6, 2021 at the meeting with the Thang Long Heritage Conservation Center – Hanoi; Decision No. 3624 / QD-BVHTTDL dated December 4, 2020 of the Minister of Culture, Sports and Tourism on archaeological excavations at Thang Long Citadel Center – Hanoi, Heritage Conservation Center Thang Long – Hanoi has coordinated with the Archeology Institute to conduct excavation and exploration in the East – North area of ​​Kinh Thien electrical base relic with a total area of ​​nearly 1,000m2. The exploration excavation in 2021 is considered to have the largest scale in more than 10 years, the Archeology Institute conducted the excavation at Thang Long Citadel – Hanoi. Exploring the circular architecture found that the clay foundation mixed with the Tran debris was compacted firmly. There are a few bricks on the face that are arranged in an East-West direction, but they are no longer neat. In this group of bricks, the first brick from the West, at the edge has two Chinese characters “Thuong Tan Quoc”. In the past, I met at 18 Hoang Dieu a brick in the Tran dynasty with the word “Thuong Tan Quoc”. At the same time, there was another brick with the word “Thuong Tan Vien”. At a depth of 0.7m compared to the circular architecture, there is a small rock base in the Tran dynasty that no longer has its original position. Outside, to the south, 78cm from the circular architecture, there is a large terracotta pot (mouth diameter 1.2m, depth 55cm) bright red, good materials, the outer rim of the mouth is decorated with lotus flowers, apricot flowers and “Lien Chau” is characteristic of the Tran dynasty. The pot has a drainage hole set on one side of the perineum. This is probably the largest terracotta pot ever in the Tran dynasty. Outside the round vestige to the East there are traces of two underground sewers in the Tran dynasty: one was built of brick cover, the other was built by specialized circular water pipes. The brick sewer is 3.64m far from the circular architectural vestige to the East and 0.35m lower, and 4.64m long running in the North – South direction. The sewer section in the North was cut by architectural foundations of the Nguyen Dynasty. The culvert consists of three parts of the cap, wall and bottom. The manhole cover and bottom are placed horizontally, the sides of the manhole are placed vertically on the two edges of the bottom and the manhole cover forms the sewer with a cross-section of nearly square as the space for drainage. The type of brick used to build the culvert is a rectangular red cover brick with a cut surface of the brick (characteristic of architectural materials of the fourteenth century). Currently the sewer has been destroyed, so the actual length in the past has not been determined. The manhole cover is covered with a single row of remaining 6 bricks, the North is left with 5 bricks, the first 2.28m long, bolted by broken rectangular bricks (21cm wide, 6cm thick) printed with Han characters, Vinh Ninh Truong. The male is left with one 40cm long pill. The round water sewer is 3.5m from the brick sewer to the East. The two ends of the sewer that were cut by the late architecture remain only a section of 2.97m in length, running in the East-West direction. There are still 8 round terracotta water pipes, the head is wider than the tail, the end of the tube has a ledge to assemble so that it fits from the end of one tube to the other. Terracotta sewer pipes are 37-39cm long, 13-15cm in diameter. This sewer appears in the same strata as the brick sewer and is 0.35m lower than the circular architecture. Chronology and values According to the results of stratification of Thang Long culture, the relic has a circular structure in the Tran cultural class. Two large underground culverts and terracotta pots distributed around circular architecture all date to the Tran dynasty. Relevant relics in the area revealed such as bricks, tiles, and chinaware all dating back to the Tran dynasty. Therefore, it is possible to initially identify vestiges of circular architecture dating back to the Tran dynasty in the XIII-XIV century. For those who directly excavated, the round structure of Tran dynasty that appeared this year in the Northeast of Kinh Thien Palace could be classified into a type of “strange” architecture. The status quo, this circle is intact, the structure is quite simple. Other traces appeared around such as large terracotta pots, brick sewers, circular underground sewers with the same age, but it is not possible to confirm whether they are related to each other or not. The current state of the monument has not seen any signs that can remind the excavators of the architecture’s function. The area is under further excavation Some people suggest that this could be a small flower garden scene in the Tran Palace. Is there also the thought of a structure related to some kind of spiritual ritual? However, all that are just initial speculations without any evidence to explain. Previously, the round architecture of Tran dynasty was met by archaeologists in a few places. In 1998, excavation in the North of Doan Monmon discovered a circle of late Tran dynasty cut into the vestiges of the wall / or the road with frill lines “lemon flowers” dating back to the earlier Tran dynasty in the southwest position. This circle is noteworthy because there are vertical bricks inside in the style of “diagonal triangles” filling the round architectural surface. At Bao An pagoda (Gia Lam), archaeologists also encountered a type of circle with the form close to the circle in Doan Mon. Thus, at least in archeology, at present, there have been 3 circular structures in Tran dynasty in three different places, in which the structure in Doan Mon is somewhat closer than the round structure in Bao An pagoda. The circular structure in the Northeast of Kinh Thien is not clear whether it is the same as the two above structures because the surface layer has been destroyed, only the circle is dashed. However, they have the same circle and have two nearly the same vertical brick lines, so it can be deduced that they have nearly the same structure. But all three of these architectural vestiges are functionally unknown. The three circular structures in 3 different places also show that there seems to be a style of building brick circles in the architecture in the Tran dynasty, as well as in the Le Lieu period. . “What is that structure to do and what it reflects in Tran architecture in Thang Long or in a temple (Bao An pagoda) is still a mystery that needs to be studied for a long time. Therefore, archaeologists temporarily consider traces of circular architecture in the Northeast of Kinh Thien Palace in 2021 as a remarkable “strange” architecture type of Tran Dynasty in Thang Long Palace area. It also shows that Thang Long Palace still has many unexpected undiscovered values ​​under the ground of a World Heritage, ”said the excavation team of the Archaeological Institute. Hope to soon restore Kinh Thien Palace If in 2019, with an excavated area of ​​900 square meters, the Vietnam Archeology Institute discovered many traces of gardens, lakes, and artifacts with architecture of the Le primitive and Le Trung Hung dynasties, making the hypothesis of Thuong ien garden, Can Chanh power was first discovered at the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long – Hanoi, in 2021, the results of exploration and excavation revealed more unique evidences, artifacts and relics. With the narrowed position of archaeological results in 2021 is considered to have touched the space of Can Chanh Palace, an overall part of the overall space of the Kinh Thien Palace in the Le early period. Previously, Hanoi also made specific moves with the project of restoring Kinh Thien power, which is the introduction of a roadmap: Phase 1 (2020 – 2025) completing pre-feasibility study report, reporting feasibility study report and basic design; Phase 2 (2025 – 2030) to implement the project of restoring Kinh Thien power. According to scientists, experts, architectural traces and relic systems discovered in the excavation in 2021 continue to reflect the complex evolution of historical and cultural relics Thang Long – Hanoi. underground. Thereby, it has contributed more documents to clarify the great, rich and diversified values ​​with three globally outstanding criteria of the World Heritage Site Center of Thang Long Citadel. At the same time, contribute some valuable materials to serve the research on recovering the space of Kinh Thien main hall. The new discoveries create favorable conditions for scientists, speed up the recovery process, and satisfy the aspirations of the masses of people and researchers. Posts and photos: Bao Thoa

At the moment, Puka is known as one of the young female artists who have received much love from the public not only for her talent and friendly personality but also for her brilliant beauty, hot body. eye-catching. In particular, she is also one of the Vbiz beauties possessing a younger, younger face than her real age, it is hard to believe that Puka is now 31 years old. Puka, 31 years old, attracts her opponents with a sweet, chubby look that is characterized by Western women. Thanks to this easy-to-reach beauty, she was given the title “comedy village hotgirl” by a large number of fans. Her body is extremely hot with 3 stretches, from plump mounds, small ant waist and 3 sexy apples. Recently, however, Le Duong Bao Lam “unearthed” the school day image of Puka, people are even more surprised by the once-beautiful beauty of the comedy village. It seems that in order to possess the top form at the present time, Puka has had an admirable “transformation” journey. In the recently released beauty image many years ago, Puka showed that the face of that day was not too bright or outstanding. In some corners of the photo, she revealed a round face and according to Le Duong Bao Lam, he joked that Puka even had a “flat nose and a long chin” that day. However, below the comment section, there are still some comments that praise Puka is cute from the past. Even Midu also said that Puka’s chubby period “felt cute” and in response to her seniors’ compliments, the comedian somewhat revealed that now she has lost a lot of pounds compared to before. Looking back at Puka’s pictures in the past to understand why she has never been involved in any questions about the “cutlery” face. That’s because just lose weight and change makeup style, hairstyle …, the beauty born in 1990 had a spectacular “transformation”. In the early days of entering the entertainment industry, Puka was said to shine with her own talent, but her beauty was still quite faint. Especially her chubby figure, round face and dark skin made her look less shimmering. In addition to the makeup style that makes her face look extremely blurred and quite chubby, Puka has received many comments about her old appearance a few years ago. However, at present, a white Puka, beautiful and charming, has helped her dispel the disparaging comments of the fans before. Compared to the past series of photos, it is no exaggeration to say that the western beauty seems to have completely transformed, from beauty, physique, charisma to fashion style. Many people even praised Puka’s change in a positive direction, helping her become more and more admirable young. That is why, despite being over 30, Puka still mistakenly thinks that she is 19, 20, cute, pretty and chubby. After many years of operation, the reputation of a beauty born in 1990 is also directly proportional to her attractive and surprisingly youthful beauty. It is known that with her very own secrets from weight loss and skin care that she can enhance her face more radiant, younger and more radiant, her skin is smooth, her body is also well-rounded and attractive and. Say no to fasting Puka once shared that there was a time when she gained 10kg more than her current weight just because she often ate at night and had constant cravings. This is due in part to the fact that eating in moderation, or skipping meals and eating the wrong meals. That’s why when she started her journey to lose weight, she said no to fasting and hard diet. Instead, Puka eats on time, does not snack, tries to eat more green vegetables and fruits. Not only does fasting affect your health, but it can also cause you to eat more than you need. For Puka, the beauty focused most on not fasting and not eating at night. Thanks to the reduced weight, the facial features are also slimmer and more delicate. Practice sports every day Puka practices portion control while maintaining a daily routine. Accordingly, she chooses to exercise at home such as walking, jumping rope to keep her slim body. As a result, the weight loss will not make the skin sagging, but also firm and youthful. In addition, Puka also regularly exercises outdoors to limit the accumulation of excess energy causing belly fat. That is the reason why her tight and tiny waist always attracts great waves. Careful skin care Being an artist and often having to make up, filming outdoors, staying up late at work …, these reasons are easy to affect Puka’s skin. While thick makeup, excess oil, pollutants will clog in the pores, creating conditions for acne to develop without thorough cleaning of the skin, an unbalanced sleep regime also makes the skin fast Therefore, Puka is always consciously removing makeup and cleansing skin thoroughly every day before going to bed. In addition, she also regularly moisturizes the skin with the immediate treatment of skin conditions. Skin care is not only thanks to the appropriate products or skin care steps, but also depends partly on the lifestyle of each person.

Designer Tien Loi 30 years ago and now (last photo). Talking about the fashion style 30 years ago, Tien Loi said that at that time, he was also in love with Chan Tu Dan, so a young man like him liked to wear elastic waistband pants with a bata suit and bata shoes. This is the period when “people play” like to wear sneakers with nose licking and heels licking. These two types of shoes were considered fashionable at that time. Next to that is the habit of wearing tight bottoms. “Also because the youth at that time liked the kick to bring the opponent’s ear” – T I come to Loi. The Four Kings of the Hong Kong Entertainment Industry are idols of the 7X, 8X generation. Bui ngoi recalled the youth, Tien Loi said, at that time, the young people really liked the style of the Four Great Kings of Hong Kong with famous characters Quach Phu Thanh, Le Minh, Luu Duc Hoa, Truong Hoc Huu and wanted learn their style, want to be like one of them. Thirty years later, when entering the ripe years of human life, Tien Loi concluded that his whole life, if he imitated, someone could not be like, because no one was like me. Tien Loi also joked, fortunately after 30 years, he seems even younger when looking back at the old photos.