American Stryker armored vehicle. (Source: Worldnewsplatform) These wheeled armored vehicles were developed in the early 2000s, but when used in combat for the first time in Iraq, it revealed the design imperfections of the whole series. Limitations The Pentagon has been using the Stryker armored vehicle since 2002, developed on the basis of the Canadian LAV III armored vehicle, a modernized version of the Swiss-made Piranha, designed in the 1970s. The American armored personnel carrier did not differ much from the prototype – the body and general layout remained unchanged. Slightly increased height, reinforced armor protection and adjusted bottom shape. The crew consists of two people, the troop compartment can accommodate 9 soldiers. The 350hp diesel engine allows the front-wheel-drive Stryker to accelerate to 100 km/h on the highway. Fuel enough to operate nearly 500 km. The front armor can withstand the impact of 14mm armor-piercing bullets or 155mm shrapnel. The side shells and rear end well protect against 7.62 mm bullets. Standard armament is a 12.7 or 7.62 mm Browning machine gun. A 40mm automatic grenade launcher can be mounted. Several versions were developed: self-propelled 120 mm mortar, reconnaissance vehicle, command staff vehicle, engineer vehicle and ambulance. There was also a heavily armed version – a 105 mm anti-tank gun, aimed at attacking fortified positions, bunkers, and armored vehicles, but the Pentagon soon decided to remove it. this release, as they identified problems with the gun and the automatic loader. The US military calculated the costs and came to the conclusion that there is no benefit in upgrading self-propelled guns. Replacing the heavy Stryker with the portable Javelin anti-tank system proved much easier. In the early 2000s, the Pentagon ordered more than 2,000 armored vehicles – immediately addressing the shortage of mobile infantry transport. At the same time, build specialized motorized brigades (Stryker brigade combat team, SBCT). Each such unit has about 4.5 thousand soldiers and officers, using 300 wheeled armored vehicles of various versions. From a tactical point of view, the SBCT is located between the highly mobile Humvee mechanized infantry and heavy tank groups. These brigades are thought to be capable of rapidly deploying and effectively dealing with various combat missions anywhere in the world. The transportation of personnel and equipment is carried out by C-130 Hercules transport aircraft. In 2004, the first unit was sent to Iraq. During that year, the Americans studied the tactics of using Stryker brigades in wars. The command then noted the high efficiency of armored vehicle units, especially in urban combat. However, soldiers complained of design flaws, insufficient firepower, and weak armor. Subsequent reporting by a Pentagon special committee almost led to the program’s closure. It turns out that armored vehicles only work well on flat roads and highways – on rough terrain, the car is covered with mud or sand. Motors are often used at high speeds, causing them to fail quickly. The Stryker is significantly heavier than the Canadian and Swiss vehicles. Another serious miscalculation by the designers was armor, which only provided good protection against small arms. In real combat, the enemy prefers to use anti-tank guns. RPG anti-tank bullets easily penetrated the body of the vehicle, so the vehicles had to urgently equip the additional wire mesh. In addition, due to the large center of gravity, vehicles often overturn when hitting obstacles or mines. Furthermore, seat belts did not secure people properly, causing several soldiers to die. Chain of problems Defects are corrected. For example, anti-tank bulletproof nets and suspended steel housings were installed originally from the factory. As a result, mass increases and complications arise during air transport – some modifications that are beyond the carrying capacity of the transport aircraft. The new electronics and night vision goggles don’t make much of a difference either. The Stryker is still a car with a host of unresolved problems. In addition, the modernization required additional funding for the entire program. However, in the US military, there has long been a problem of equipping the army with armored vehicles to meet the requirements of modern warfare. The Pentagon tried several projects, but to no avail. In 2004, American generals carried out a major reorganization of the military. As part of the Future Combat System (FCS) project, they decided to create a line of manned and unmanned versions of armored vehicles. Hundreds of billions of dollars have been spent, the US planned to deploy the first brigade using new vehicles in 2015 and form 15 units by 2030. However, the program was unexpectedly closed. – according to official information, regarding the change in US defense strategy. After that, the Americans launched a promising infantry fighting vehicle project – Ground Combat Vehicle (GCV), which was supposed to surpass the outdated M2 Bradly vehicle in terms of protection, and lighter, more compact and more maneuverable. The resulting GCV turned out to be too expensive for mass production – in 2014 all work was suspended. The US is currently working on another program – the Optionally Manned Fighting Vehicle (OMFV), which involves the creation of a crawler infantry fighting vehicle with artificial intelligence and remote control. . The Pentagon now has to transport infantry using the old M113 and M2 Bradly, as well as modernize the Stryker vehicle. Updated version A1 introduced a few years ago: 30mm cannon, reinforced armor, more powerful engine, transmission. A low-altitude anti-aircraft vehicle variant is also offered. But whether this Stryker vehicle will become more suitable for combat than previous versions is still unclear. Actually, the design is still the same. (according to Sputnik)

Applying too little sunscreen leads to a lower SPF that prevents the skin from receiving optimal protection from UV rays. As recommended, the amount of sunscreen the size of the palm is enough for the body. As for the face, you should apply a dime-sized amount of sunscreen. Don’t reapply sunscreen often To protect your skin, reapply sunscreen every 2-3 hours. (Illustration) Sunscreen, whether applied or sprayed, degrades after 2 hours of use in the sun. If exposed to water or sweat a lot, the above time will be shortened. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly reapply sunscreen. When reapplying sunscreen, you can use makeup remover to remove the previous layer. If you’re wearing makeup, use a powder sunscreen to reapply. Skip important areas Many women think that only the skin exposed to the sun must apply sunscreen without knowing that UV rays can penetrate clothes and different layers of thick and thin fabrics. If sunscreen is not applied to the entire body, many other areas of skin can still be damaged as usual. In addition, note two places people often do not pay attention to protect when going out in the sun: eyelids and lips. The lips are especially vulnerable because they don’t have a lot of melanocytes, a protective pigment responsible for giving color to skin, hair and eyes. The more hydrated your lips are, the easier it is for UV rays to penetrate deeper into unprotected skin. For lips, you can use lip balm with SPF over 30. Do not follow instructions for use For chemical sunscreen to be effective, it needs to be applied to the skin at least 20 minutes before going outside because the skin needs time to absorb the protective ingredients. It is recommended to apply evenly and thoroughly on the skin before wearing clothes to avoid any traces or stains of cream on the clothes. Particularly for products with 2 physical sunscreen ingredients – titanium oxide and zinc oxide – will work immediately after application. So with a physical sunscreen, you don’t have to wait for the sunscreen ingredients inside to take effect. Use opened sunscreen for a long time When unopened, sunscreen usually has a shelf life of about 2-3 years. However, once used, this time is reduced to about 6 months. You should not use sunscreen that has expired, has a change in texture, color or scent because it can cause allergies and damage to the skin. Do not pay attention to the spectrum index on sunscreen Many sunscreens only work against UVB rays, the cause of sunburn. Meanwhile, UVA rays also bring many harmful effects. Carrying a longer wavelength than UVB rays, UVA rays penetrate deeper into the skin, destroying collagen structures and leading to skin aging. For maximum skin protection, look for sunscreens that have broad-spectrum formulas (on the packaging that say “broad-spectrum”) that block UVA and UVB rays. For sunscreens that use the PA character, choose a product that has the PA character with plus signs after +++ or more. Using sunscreen that is not suitable for your skin Sunscreen only works when you choose the right product, suitable for your skin characteristics. Should choose a sunscreen with an SPF of 20 – 30 for light skin, an SPF of less than 20 for dark skin, if you want to increase protection in the harsh sun, only use a sunscreen with SPF 30 50 is the best fit. People with acne-prone skin should use the spray form. This type both protects the skin and unclogs the pores, helping the skin not to be blocked by dust and sweat. Sensitive skin, prone to allergies should choose sunscreen that does not contain paraaminobenzoic acid (PABA). Like other cosmetics, improper use of sunscreen is not only ineffective, it can even cause unfortunate damage to the skin. If you are making the above mistakes, you need to correct them immediately to have smooth, healthy skin this summer. Minh Hoa (th)

To do this, a Consumer Reports expert used a chain to hang a heavy object at the bottom end and tie it to the steering wheel to simulate the presence of a human hand on the wheel. At the same time, the seat belt is also installed pretending that someone is using the driver’s seat. Then, the driver moves to the extra seat and activates Autopilot driving assistance mode. As a result, the Tesla Model Y ran for hundreds of meters on the test track without giving any warning about no one in the driver’s seat. The Tesla Model Y is deceived that someone is behind the wheel and operates in Autopilot mode. Screenshots. Through this test, an expert from Consumer Reports found that Tesla’s system does not use seat sensors and small cameras to track the driver’s eye movement like other manufacturers. Such systems are recently introduced in some Subaru, Ford and General Motors vehicles. Instead, Tesla uses sensors at the steering wheel and seat belts to detect if someone is behind the wheel. Consumer Reports’ experiments have shown weaknesses of this practice. Last weekend, a 2019 Tesla Model S crashed into a tree in the Houston suburbs, Texas (USA), killing two people on the car. Police said they believed that one person was in the front passenger seat and the other was in the back seat at the time of the accident. Before this serious incident, Elon Musk, the CEO of the electric car company, explained on Twitter that the recovered data records showed that the Autopilot was not activated and the car that had crashed did not purchase the Full Self Driving feature. fully self-driving). Tesla believes the car’s Autopilot function won’t be activated without the driver’s seat. But according to Consumer Reports’ testing, it seems that the system is quite easy to be “deceived”. Police said that no one was in the driver’s seat when the Tesla crashed in Texas. Photo: Matt Dougherty. Currently, Autopilot only offers level 2 autonomous functionality, which only adds active safety features to limit collisions. The driver when activating Autopilot is always warned to put his hand on the steering wheel to intervene when the software does not work as expected. Still, many Tesla owners still find ways to make their cars drive themselves, putting their lives in danger.

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