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An article on global humanities and geography every day

NO.1952-Zhenghuangqi’s story

Author: Nancheng Saijinhua

Proofread: Gu Hanying / Editor: Yakult

On May 27, 2021, Beijing Bus 856 boarded. A middle-aged and elderly aunt who claimed to be “Zhenghuangqi” asked a passenger to give up her seat and used discriminatory language to abuse her. This scene was recorded as a short video by other passengers. After a few days of fermentation, it caused a negative social impact. The aunt was detained by administrative detention on June 8.

This incident has been settled, but what does the positive yellow flag identity that Beijing aunt is proud of, why does the “positive yellow flag” person with the sky-patterned head crowd the bus when going out? What happened behind this?

The competition between white mountains and black waters

The Eight Banners is a military system established by Jianzhou Jurchen. The formation of this system played a vital role in the rise of the Jin Dynasty and the formation of the Manchus. After entering the Pass, it was also the cornerstone for the Qing Dynasty rulers to maintain their rule. A system does not appear out of thin air. A successful system is often the product of the joint influence of society, history, and other advanced systems. Therefore, in order to understand why a system appears, we must first understand the above-mentioned factors.

Yellow, white, red, blue and inlaid with yellow, white, red and blue, a total of eight flags

(Picture: Wiki@Sodacan)▼

The greatest external pressure in the early and mid Ming dynasties came from the Mongolian plateau. Although compared with the Yuan empire, the tribes in the grassland also struggled constantly, but their military strength should not be underestimated. In order to fight against it, while strengthening the northern armaments, the Ming Dynasty also united all possible forces.

The pressure on the Mongolian Plateau makes the northeast region very sensitive geographically. The Yanshan Mountains and Guanningjin Corridor separate the inside and outside of the pass. Once this barrier is breached, Beijing as the capital will be at stake. Therefore, if hostile forces control the Mongolian Plateau and the Northeast at the same time, this will bring huge border pressure to the Ming Dynasty.

The Ming Dynasty’s northern defense line was in a state of war for a long time

Put great pressure on border defense and finances

If you have to deal with two directions at the same time, it may be difficult to parry ▼

At that time, various tribes of the Jurchen people lived in the northeast. They had similar languages ​​and living habits. The tribes intermarried and attacked each other. Some tribes are closely related to the Han people in Liaodong and have better integration, and some tribes have more Mongolian ancestry. Without complete control, if the Ming Dynasty did not unite the Jurchen tribes, the Jurchen tribes might fall to the Mongol forces, which was obviously not what the Ming Dynasty emperor wanted to see.

On the other hand, the North Korean Li Dynasty is also accelerating its northward expansion, and its influence has already affected the northeast region of China. Once the local tribes are completely infiltrated by the Li Dynasty, it is also something that the Ming Dynasty does not want to see.

In the early years of Yongle, the Ming dynasty canonized the Jurchen Huli Reform Ministry, who had made meritorious service to him, and established Jianzhouwei. Soon after, the Wodoli Ministry gradually moved to the vicinity of Jianzhouwei, and the Ming Dynasty established Jianzhou Zuowei and Jianzhou successively. Right defender, appointed the leader of the Ordori Department, Meng Temu, to take charge of the left defender, and his brother Fancha to take charge of the right defender.

Meng Temu was the ancestor of the Qing imperial family in the future, and was regarded as the ancestor by the Qing court. The Huligai Department and the Woduoli Department became the core components of Jianzhou Jurchen. With the development and integration of the various parts of Jurchen, three major parts, Jianzhou Jurchen, Haixi Jurchen, and Savage Jurchen have gradually formed.

The names and directions of these three parts correspond quite well

It’s quite a taste of the inner seal and the outer Yi Di ▼

Jianzhou Nuzhen cooperated closely with Ming Dynasty, and the degree of Sinicization was higher.The Jianzhou Sanwei is different from the one directly controlled by the Ming Dynasty, and the degree of autonomy is extremely high.[mí]Sanitation. The commander as the commander is often held by the local chief, usually hereditary, and the imperial court has limited influence here.

Jianzhou Jurchens were not always loyal to the Ming Dynasty. From time to time, they would send troops to plunder the border people of Ming Dynasty or North Korea, turning them into slaves or craftsmen. The Ming Dynasty sent troops to attack from time to time as countermeasures, and also used internal contradictions in Jianzhou Nuzhen to weaken its strength. Jianzhou Jurchen repeatedly clashed between obedience and rebellion, using the looted population and resources to expand its power.

The Changbai Mountains actually form a geographic barrier here

This made it difficult for the counties and counties of the Ming Dynasty to expand to the hinterland of the fishing and hunting tribes.

And the west of Changbai Mountain has also become the focus of competition between Daming and Jurchen tribe ▼

Where did the bannerman come from?

The Hada tribe and Yehe tribe of the Hercynian Jurchen in the late Ming Dynasty were the most powerful forces in the Jurchen, and they tended to cooperate with the imperial court. During this period, Jianzhou Jurchens were relatively suppressed, and at the same time they were dissatisfied with Ming Dynasty and Haixi Jurchens. Nikan Wailan, an ambitionist who was born in Jianzhou and had good relations with the border officials of the Ming Dynasty, also suggested that the Ming Dynasty send troops to conquer Jianzhou.

Wang Gao, a descendant of Fancha (who used to be in charge of Jianzhou Youwei), led the Jianzhou Jurchen troops to attack Fushun and looted them violently. Then they attacked Liaoyang, killed several Ming dynasty officers, and shocked the Ming court. Li Chengliang, the general army of Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty, assembled his forces to attack Jianzhou Youwei. At this time, Wang Gao’s strength was not even enough to build the prefecture, so he was bound to be unable to resist the assembled Ming army. After weighing the pros and cons, Wang Gao’s in-laws, Jianzhou Zuowei, commander Jue Changan and son-in-law Tukesi chose to secretly seek refuge in the Ming Dynasty.

After Wang Gao’s death, his son Atai rebelled again. In order to save his granddaughter who married Atai, Jiao Changan and his son Takshi entered the besieged city of Gule. Nikan Wailan came forward to persuade the city to surrender Gule. However, after the persuasion was successful, the Ming army abandoned their promise to slaughter the city, and both were mistakenly killed in the city.

Nurhachi is the grandson of Jue Changan, the son of Takshi, and the grandson of Wang Gao. Faced with the severe damage to his family, he asked the border officials of the Ming Dynasty to dispose of Nikan Wailan. However, the latter was not dealt with, and instead became a strong figure in the Jurchen ministries with his back from the Ming Dynasty.

For Nurhachi, the Ming Dynasty only allowed him to inherit the ancestor and serve as the commander of Jianzhou Zuowei. But this did not “comfort” Nurhaci’s anger, and later he chose to attack Nikanwailan and wipe out his forces. The Liaodong General Army accepted this fait accompli and did not send troops to intervene, and Nurhaci became the No. 1 Jurchen.

Actually from Daming’s point of view

Whatever it is like outside of the Great Wall, in the end can only admit a fait accompli

On the one hand, I am too lazy to intervene, on the other hand I am unable to intervene▼

Taking advantage of the rare opportunity for development, Nurhachi built a walled city, gradually unified the various ministries of Jianzhou, and became in-laws with the Yehe and Hada tribes, who are well known for their bow horse skills, and formed their own cavalry unit by relying on the income of his own farm. Subsequently, Jianzhou Jurchen successfully resisted the three coalition forces of Yehe, Hada, and Huifa of the Haixi Jurchen, and established an alliance with Mongolia. Have the strength to integrate the various parts of Jurchen.

The decisive change occurred in 1599, when Jianzhou used marriage and other means to take advantage of the attack of the Hada tribe by the Yehe tribe, and annex it when it encountered a famine. The annexation of an equally powerful tribe brought new strength to the founding of the state, but also brought new management problems.

The original military system of Jianzhou had a strong national style of fishing and hunting, which continued the organization of hunting squads. With blood as a link, every 10-12 strong men from the unified village or one village are organized into a team. Although this kind of organization is flexible, it is also convenient for relatives and friends to become a small team. But this obviously adds a lot of trouble to the work of officers. Once the number of people participating in the war is large, it will become difficult to control.

In 1601, Nurhaci referred to the military system of the Jin Dynasty and carried out a large-scale transformation and reconstruction of the old military system. After the reform of the military system, Jianzhou exploded with astonishing fighting power. He defeated the Huifa Ministry in 1607 and annexed the Wula Ministry in 1613. The population and strength expanded rapidly.

In 1615, the embryonic form of the Eight Banners system, an organization combining military and political affairs, emerged. Every 300 households was a Niu Lu (zuo Ling), five Niu Lu was a Jia La (Participation), and five Jia La was a Gushan ( Flag), each level is commanded by the corresponding amount.

Then after the Battle of Thrall in 1619

Nurhachi, whose organizational ability has been greatly improved, successfully “goes down”

Since then, the situation in Liaodong in Daming has been out of control ▼

With the development of time, the Eight Banners system gradually matured. At least in 1622, the eight-flag system of the four-color flag and the four-bordered flag was formally established.

The Yellow Flag of Prosperity

However, the Zhenghuangqi that modern people refer to is not the group of people who have the highest affinity with Nurhachi.

As the power of Jianzhou grew stronger, Nurhachi’s tried-and-tested brothers and nephews began gearing up, preparing to stage a show of filial piety to seize power. On top of the Eight Banners, Nurhachi also set up a master class (the minister) and Baylor (the king). In theory, Baylor was in charge of each banner, but in fact he could only directly control the guards of each banner, forming a situation where he and the military generals contained each other.

For example, Huang Taiji is Nurhachi’s four belles, with two yellow flags ▼

However, in the process of transferring power to Huang Taiji, cruel power struggles still occurred, which spread to the Eight Banners system. The two yellow flags are controlled by Nurhachi, and the name of the Zhenghuang flag also has the word “Zheng” in front of it, which usually makes people mistakenly think that it is the first flag. I don’t know if the aunt of the yellow flag on the bus also appeared a few days ago. This misunderstanding.

In fact, the yellow flag is the number one flag. In the future, under the banner of Menghuang will step out of Obai, and the Empress Dowager Ci’an will play the role of the most powerful one. The Empress Dowager Cixi carried the inlaid blue flag into the inlaid yellow flag. Zhenghuangqi celebrities look bleak in comparison. The only ones known to the public are Nalanxingde, the master and Paiqishan during the Opium War.

If you don’t consider this straight number

Only from the perspective of visual habits, the pattern on the right is more expensive ▼

In the beginning, neither the inlaid yellow nor the positive yellow were in the hands of Huang Taiji, but belonged to his half-brothers-Duduo and Azig. Therefore, he downgraded the original inlaid yellow and normal yellow to inlaid white and true white, and changed the true white flag he commanded to a true yellow flag. The yellow flag (the original white flag) was given to the eldest son. After the Zhenglan flag was involved in the treason, it was remixed with the Zhenghuang flag to form the new yellow and Zhenghuang flags. The previous yellow flag has become a Zhenglan flag.

After entering the customs, half of the Eight Banners entered Beijing to garrison, and the rest were guarded in important cities such as the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Grand Canal, outside the customs, Mongolia and other important cities. They often occupy a corner of each city or build a new city to form a full city. As a military nobleman, the bannermen not only possessed salaries, but also enjoyed the privileges of exemption from tax and labor. At the beginning of entering the customs, they were once extensively enclosed.

You can watch the sea and skate

(Picture: Chen Siyu 117 Picture Worm Creative)▼

As the Qing Dynasty defeated the resistance forces in various places, put down the San Francisco, and defeated the powerfully rising Zhungeer tribe, step by step entered a period of relative stability and peace. The Baqiang brothers, who relied on the provision of soldiers in exchange for economic and political privileges, quickly entered an era when the privileges were still there but the obligations were greatly reduced, and they showed signs of being unusable since the suppression of San Francisco. A life of worry-free food and clothing, and lack of pressure gradually caused the general degeneration of the entire class, and the abolishment of armed forces became the norm.

In this way, the bannermen gradually reduced from a monopoly of violence and the formidable military aristocracy to a downright aristocracy. Their image in the hearts of the people has also changed from an arrogant master to a casual man who gets up on three poles and goes to Niujie for a snack and a bird walk.

With the expansion of the population, the economic privileges of the Baqizi brothers are no longer superior, and many Baqizi brothers live in a difficult situation, and some even become hooliganism. In the end, the Eight Banners, the core of the armed forces of the Qing Dynasty, was unable to suppress the uprising, nor was it able to resist external humiliation. As a result, the Manchu regime had to rely on Han ministers and regiments to train their armed forces, and the status of the bannermen declined further.

After the Revolution of 1911, the banner people’s social status was once reduced to the bottom. Today, the Qing Dynasty has been subjugated for 110 years.

Off work off work

(Picture: Pan Xiaochong’s Creativity) ▼

references:

1. Ke Jiaoyan, Chang Shuhong. A new view on the origin and connotation of the Eight Banners Han Army[C].2002.

2. Ren Yuxue. Re-discussion on the origin time of Baqi Niulu[J]Manchu Studies, 2004: 82-91.

   *The content of this article is provided by the author and does not represent the position of the Earth Knowledge Bureau

   Cover: Chen Siyu’s Creative Ideas of 117 Figure Insects

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Tourists sunbathe along Glyfada beach, on the southern outskirts of Athens, Greece, on May 20 (Photo: THX). These days, a drone flies around Glyfada beach, a southern suburb of Athens, to monitor the distance between sunbeds and umbrellas, while hand sanitizer is placed right away. next to the shower and the lifeguard’s watchtower. Drawing lessons from last year’s Covid-19 outbreak, Greek authorities have reopened the country’s beaches since the beginning of the month using tried-and-tested safety procedures, new initiatives. and the newly obtained prestigious international certification for sea water cleanliness and top quality operational management. “We are pinning our hopes on tourism,” said Nikos Venieris, who runs a beach on the seaside suburb of Alimos, just outside Athens. Beach workers check the distance and sanitizer at the beach on the outskirts of Athens (Image: Reuters) Under current measures, beach managers like Venieris will have to keep a distance of at least 4 meters between two sun umbrellas, perform regular disinfection and Covid-19 testing for staff working at the beach. . According to an announcement by the Hellenic Society for the Protection of Nature (Greece’s oldest environmental NGO) this week, a total of 545 beaches, 16 marinas and six cruise ships in the The country has won the prestigious Blue Flag award for 2021, placing Greece in second place out of 49 candidates for the award. The Green Flag Award is presented annually by Copenhagen-based Environmental Education (Denmark) to sites that meet more than 30 stringent environmental, educational, safety and accessibility criteria. close. The prestigious Blue Flag certification gives Greece more confidence to welcome international tourists back (Photo: THX) Greek Tourism Minister Harry Theohiris said proudly: “Every Blue Flag that flies over our shores, marinas and cruise ships is a testament to our integrated and high-quality services, while also contributes to the desire to bring tourism back to normal in every way. This year, once again, Greece has emerged as a destination for clean, healthy and safe beaches in the midst of this pandemic.” According to Angela Gerekou, President of the National Tourism Organization of Greece, the country is entering a new era of sustainable tourism, a new period of tourism development that adopts global principles of sustainable development. do the focus. Greece reopened to international tourism on May 14, with the expectation that the number of tourists and revenue will double from last year. Tourists began to return to Greece (Image: DW) The tourism industry has been a solid pillar of the Greek economy for decades, accounting for about a fifth of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP) and employing a fifth of the country’s workforce. The Greek tourism industry has gone through a dark period. The pandemic leaves Greece with just over six million visitors in 2020, generating modest revenue of more than four billion euros ($4.9 billion). While a year ago, according to the Central Bank of Greece, the Mediterranean country welcomed more than 33 million visitors, generating revenue of 18.2 billion euros. In an effort to reassure visitors that Greece is indeed a safe destination, Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis recently launched Operation Green Freedom, a campaign to vaccinate all people against the Covid-19 vaccine. residents in the country’s islands – including the popular resorts of Crete, Rhode, Corfu and Santorini – from the beginning of June. “I want to send a clear message: Greece is open again,” Prime Minister Greek general said. The widespread vaccination in Europe, the new ways of the Greek tourism industry have yielded some positive early signs. Judging Greece will be the top destination for Germans this summer, German travel agency TUI, says there will be at least 120 flights to Greek destinations in May. TUI, Mr. Marek Andryszak, said: “Once the border opens, the popular hotels will quickly fill up with bookings.”

Heaven and water Tam Giang Lagoon City distance. 12km from Hue, Tam Giang lagoon stretching through 4 districts of Phong Dien, Quang Dien, Huong Tra and Phu Vang, visitors can really immerse themselves in experiencing nature on the river, watching the sunrise and beautiful natural scenery. This is one of the recent tourist destinations attracting a large number of tourists, especially young people who love to explore. However, according to Mr. Huynh Viet Hoang, Director of Da Nang Community Tourism Co., Ltd., visitors can not only enjoy the beautiful sunrise and sunset, but can also participate in experiential activities with them. people like pouring fire, catching shrimp, fish, catching crab… then grilled to enjoy right on the boat, very interesting. Visitors experience boating on Tam Giang lagoon Let’s take pictures to check-in the beautiful scenery here “When participating in the experience tour at Tam Giang lagoon, we can return to nature, experience activities with the local community, such as fishing and boating on the river with people. In the morning, we go to watch the sunrise and visit the floating market,” said a tourist from Hanoi. In addition, the cuisine is also a unique feature that attracts visitors. According to the local people, the fish is a specialty fish of Tam Giang brackish water, a precious fish and for medicinal purposes, eating will have a good night’s sleep. In particular, the dish “fish pancakes”, with the combination of the fragrant and flexible flavors of pancakes with coconut milk and fish, will make diners satisfied. Mr. Huynh Viet Hoang said that watching the sunset on Tam Giang lagoon is a “hot trend” attracting not only young people from Da Nang, Thua Thien – Hue but also tourists from Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City and neighboring provinces. close. Every afternoon, sitting on a small boat going out to take pictures, enjoying specialties on the boat… is really an interesting experience. “Our company is cooperating with tourism service providers in Hue to bring guests here. In the coming time, this place will attract more visitors, especially those who like to travel and explore” – Mr. Hoang to speak. “With the advantages that nature offers, the aquatic resources of the Tam Giang lagoon area create unique culinary features that cannot be found anywhere else” – Mr. Vo Viet Hung, owner of Con Toc restaurant , share. “Visitors from near and far know more about Tam Giang’s products, such as crayfish, crayfish, and other seafood sources. Previously, this source of seafood was offered to the King, now we want to see more. many people know and enjoy”, Mr. Hung promoted. Welcoming dawn on Con Co island Those who are passionate about travel and discovery cannot ignore Con Co island (Quang Tri). After exploring Tam Giang, visitors can move to Cua Viet port in the early afternoon to board the boat to the island. Arrived at about 3pm, just in time to salute the flag, then explore tourist attractions and catch the sunrise on the island. Con Co Island is about 30km from the mainland of Quang Tri province, taking 1 hour by train. The island has an area of ​​​​about 4km2, a circumference of 8km, an altitude of 5-30m above sea level with a slightly rounded shape. In the past, the island was like an outpost located in the middle of the 17th parallel, guarding the east of the country. Not only famous during the war, occupying a strategic position in the entire Northern coast, and marking the zero mark on the baseline of Vietnam’s sea and islands, Con Co is also considered the most beautiful and pristine island. country. Another special thing is that Con Co island has a forest cover of nearly 70%, so the air here is very fresh, the beach is pristine, seafood is abundant,… Director of Ken Travel (Quang Tri) Pham Hoang Phuong, a unit specializing in organizing tours to Con Co island, said: “There are only 2 ships to Con Co island, one with a capacity of 80 people, the other with 150 people. The facilities on the island are only enough to accommodate 150-200 guests. Therefore, on Tet holidays, if you want to go to the island, you must book the service in advance. “After this survey, we have more opportunities to cooperate with travel and tour companies across the country to bring visitors to Con Co and Quang Tri” – Mr. Phuong expected. In harmony with the life of the Paco, Van Kieu people During the journey of the Vietnam Community Tourism Association, the delegation surveyed and learned about the cultural identity of the Paco and Van Kieu people in A Nor – A Luoi village (Thua Thien – Hue). Visitors can experience washing their hair by A Nor . waterfall The village is imbued with the culture of the Pa Ko ethnic group such as: Waterfall bathing, tooth brushing with folk leaves, washing hair with forest leaves right at the three-tiered A Nor waterfall. Despite going through many ups and downs of history, nature and people here still retain the idyllic and pristine features along with unique customs, captivating visitors to visit. Ta Lang village – Tay Giang is a mountainous district of Quang Nam province, bordering Laos, a long-standing area of ​​the Co Tu ethnic group. There are many potentials for eco-tourism and community-based tourism, with rare and primeval forests listed in the Red Book such as: green ironwood forest, po mu forest, ancient rhododendron forest… The model of community eco-tourism contributes to awakening, restoring and properly exploiting Co Tu cultural treasures in combination with developing eco-tourism and community-based tourism in a scientific and effective manner. help create jobs and income sources for the village community. This is considered a way of sustainable economic development, helping to improve people’s livelihoods, contributing to local economic development, reducing dependence on limited resources from forests, and limiting swidden work. farming, hunting wild animals, protecting forests better and better. Vice Chairman of Vietnam Community Tourism Association (VCTC) Huynh Viet Hoang acknowledged that, with the responsibility of developing for the community, VCTC organized the survey “Central region welcomes you” with the goal: “Introducing Central is the safe destination. Consulting to organize people to do community tourism in Tam Giang – Ta Lang lagoon. Introduce to travel agents in the country tourism products such as Dawn of Con Co Island; Afternoon on Tam Giang lagoon, Ta Lang mountain range at night. Exchange of travel businesses in 3 regions to connect, exchange and study and support each other to overcome difficulties after Covid-19. Towards sea and island tourism and patriotism”.

Not ashamed to have won the Ao Dai Beauty award twice at the Miss Universe Vietnam 2015 and 2019 contests, when Khanh Van appeared with a long dress and lotus accessories backstage at Miss Universe 2020, she immediately received received a lot of praise from domestic and international fans. The discreet but graceful ao dai helped the Vietnamese representative show off her curves and elegant and sexy figure. Khanh Van is graceful with ao dai, waving the country’s flag at Miss Universe The discreet but graceful ao dai helped the Vietnamese representative show off her curves and elegant and sexy figure. Khanh Van wears ao dai showing off her beauty with Chinese contestants This ao dai is inspired by the iconic flower of Vietnam – Lotus. With pink dotted with the main green color on the background of silk fabric originating from the silk village in the country. Classic ao dai with a waistline, high neck, long sleeves, combined with matching accessories crafted specifically with lotus images on earrings, necklaces and hand bags. Khanh Van wants to bring to Miss Universe the image of a gentle Vietnamese girl in a traditional Vietnamese ao dai. Khanh Van wants to bring to Miss Universe the image of a gentle Vietnamese girl in a traditional Vietnamese ao dai. Classic ao dai with a waistline, high neck, long sleeves, combined with matching accessories crafted specifically with lotus images on earrings, necklaces and hand bags. Photo: Nguyen Long Before the important competitions, the representative of Vietnam is still highly appreciated by many beauty experts. Recently, 1st runner-up of Miss Universe 2017 pageant Laura González (Colombian) ranked Khanh Van in the Top 10 of her favorite contestants at Miss Universe 2020. Khanh Van is the only representative of Southeast Asia to be ranked 1st runner-up of Miss Universe 2017 Laura González in the Top 10. Due to the Covid-19 epidemic, the Miss Universe pageant – Miss Universe 2020 has been postponed to May 2021. The semi-final night of the contest will take place on the evening of May 15 (US time), while the final of Miss Universe 2020 will take place on the evening of May 16 (the morning of May 17 in Vietnam time) in Florida, USA, with the participation of more than 70 contestants from different countries and regions. Miss Universe organizers have just announced the list of final judges for the Miss Universe 2020 contest with 8 female members. This is the rare time that there is no “brother” in the final jury of this top beauty pageant. It is expected that the beauty crowned Miss Universe 2020 will have a rather short term (in just a few months) because at the end of this year, the Miss Universe 2021 contest will be held.

Along the S-shaped strip of land with more than 11,409.1km of coastline, the livelihoods of fishermen are always very hard. Mr. Nguyen Gia Vien (An Vinh island commune, Ly Son island district, Quang Ngai – owner of the boat QNg-96111TS) is a veteran fisherman and has a reputation for “killing fish” of Ly Son land. Only 45 years old, but he has nearly 30 years of clinging to the sea, of which 20 years as a captain of a fishing boat specializing in fishing at Hoang Sa and Truong Sa fishing grounds and owns a fleet of three large-capacity fishing vessels. His grandfather’s life was associated with the sea, his father’s life was associated with the sea, then he also grew up from trips like this. Mr. Vien said: “In the life of our ancestors, we went to sea by small old ships but still reached Hoang Sa and Truong Sa. Their ships are bigger, more people are equipped with more advanced equipment, they must reach out further. Despite storms and storms, the sea still goes out to sea without a day’s rest. Behind me is the rear. Also the family and the country! “. To have sea trips like this, he has worked hard for many years, in 2000, he bought 3 ships to sail, officially becoming the mainstay of his family. A corner of Ly Son Island. “Anh Vien has a knack for finding flocks of fish, so he always wins. Many other boat owners complained about the loss of capital, but with photos, each year, a fisherman like me is divided between 40-60 million VND. He is also a boat owner who has a heart for the sea “, said a fisherman on the boat Mr. Vien said. Nearly 30 years of clinging to the sea, clinging to ships with dozens of times facing great waves to save fishermen in distress, the reward for him is to regain the fisherman’s life from the hands of the water god, glasses of thanksgiving with many certificates of merit and certificates of merit from all levels and functional branches awarded. Many people jokingly call him Vien “inoc” because he can swim and dive under bone-cold water for many hours. Mr. Vien is one of the fishing boat owners who should work in Ly Son. Each year, with 3 fishing boats practicing lead net, he earns tens of billions of dong. On board, he equipped with many modern means to serve fishing. Mr. Vien confided: “This ship has a capacity of 450 CV, so it only takes 17 hours to run from Ly Son to Hoang Sa. The other fishermen’s ships took 2 days and 2 nights to arrive. Having fish is happy but without fish is sad. Although it is extreme, you still have to stick to the job, you can also bear it with any hard work. Going to the sea not only does business but also protects the sovereignty of the sea and islands of the Fatherland. That is the responsibility of our fishermen! ”, He said as the boat was turning its nose back to Ly Son island in the middle of dawn. And Mr. Tan, another fisherman on Ly Son Island, confided: “Life is tied to the sea, rich and poor are also caused by the sea. In the past, it only took a few laborers to go to the sea to support the whole family, now the whole family goes to the beach not enough to eat. But, if you are hungry, you must come out! “. The sea also gave him a high-rise house with expensive equipment, and the children were allowed to go to school. Mr. Tan also lends capital to many fishermen to buy fishing gear. To the people here, he is not only a brave fisherman but also a kind neighbor, a model both at sea and on land. Looking at the flag on the ship, fishermen like Mr. Vien and Mr. Tan all whispered that when they came to Hoang Sa they could understand how the national flag and soul of the Fatherland were sacred. It is the Fatherland Flag that has given fishermen the strength to overcome storms, natural disasters and human ears, firmly clinging to the sea. Every time of danger in the ocean, looking up at the flag is like seeing our Fatherland and our people by our side. Sometimes during the fishing journey, fishermen’s ships have to carry some national flags so it is necessary to replace as soon as the gambling is stained or the wind is torn, to ensure that the flag on the roof of the ship is always crimson. , fresh. The Fatherland is sacred, the Fatherland Flag is the place where fishermen reach out to convey their beliefs and dreams. Despite the storms and dangers, but for them, the Fatherland is forever! Ly Son garlic specialty. One man happily boasted: “Do you see our island is beautiful? Is it worth being called a tourist paradise? ”, We nodded, he went out in the afternoon very well. He said, the main job on the island is just growing garlic, going to the beach and doing tourism. We have seen travel stories. What about going to the beach? “If you don’t go to the sea on an island, you are not an islander,” he said. Here, most of them are followers of the sea career, some 4-5 generations already! The sea is one with us! ”. Then he led us to the old fishermen who lived a lifetime in the sea. For the people of Re Island (another name of the big island of Ly Son), doing tourism is a profession belonging to the “royal court” compared to the seafaring profession, but only a few decades ago, still before. There, from the old to the children, all use the bow of the ship to make a living. When the sun had reached the roof of the West slope, we were happily sitting and chatting with the elders in the seafaring profession of this island, the side of the rice tray was also full of marine products. The elders who are in the age of “tri heaven” tell us about going out to sea the day before and feeling cold in their spine. Because in the old days, boats went wild and could not be compared to now. They are mainly sailing boats with the wind, yet the elders reached out to the “golden sand” (Hoang Sa) beach to catch them. Old fisherman Le Luong (77 years old) takes a full sip of wine and leisurely tells the story of his voyage nearly 20 years ago. That time, there were 6 nets on the old Luong boat, each arm was nearly kilometer long, but only 5 people. When they discovered large fish schools near Hoang Sa, people hurriedly released their nets and then rested for midnight to visit the net. At midnight, 1 person stayed in the boat, and 4 people divided into 2 baskets, following the edge of the net. Regardless of the storm, no one can contact each other, trying to cling to the buoy to keep the boat from being blown away by the wind. The lights of the storm went out, in the middle of the night, we struggled to save their lives, each of us struggled with the storm, with hunger for a whole day and night, then old fisherman Le Luong was thrown into the sea, morning After being rescued by a friend ship in the sea … Quang Ninh. And the people on the boat with him lost their breath. After a few days on a friend’s boat, the old man bought a train ticket to Quang Ngai, then boarded the boat to the island. That journey took exactly 10 days. When I got home, I found that the fishermen’s relatives were doing the rituals for us. When asked that, the friend on a basket in the storm drifted into the estuary of Da Nang, then came back and announced that he was missing in the middle of the sea during a thunderstorm night. Therefore, villagers in the fishing village and their family perform a burial ceremony, build a doll and prepare to be a wind tomb. Whoever doubts the old man will return, rejoice in the suspicion of smoky incense that day. Then, after that time, the old man went to the sea with his fishing friends, but now he cannot remember how many more trips. There are many other stories of old fishermen sitting around us, which cannot be fully told. When the wine of the old fishermen is coming to revival, the sea of ​​dark clouds comes. No one told anyone, as fast as a squirrel, the old fishermen of that age had stepped on the rocky edge of the water, the piles, the people pulling the ropes, brought the boats close to the shore to avoid being hit by the waves. Mr. Nguyen Quoc Chinh, Chairman of An Hai Commune Fisheries Union – Ly Son shared about the work that the fishing union is actively doing to help fishermen of this island: “Ly Son is an island to spend money. Country. The only job of the people is fishing and seaweed processing. People for generations just stick with the sea because the sea is a source of life that brings a piece of rice and money to school for children to go to school. However, fishing also brings losses and grief that cannot be compensated in kind. However, the salty taste of the sea has seeped into every grain of land, the people here, so clinging to the sea is an unchanging belief! ”. On the island money spent Brave fishermen of many generations have passed since ancient times, despite knowing the danger always lurking in the sea, perhaps for them, the salty taste of the sea is part of the inseparable flesh and blood. the crashing waves on the side of the boat were part of a sparkling hope. So even though many generations have been permanently lying in the ocean, people still look towards the sea. Every year, on March 16 of lunar calendar, the people on the island solemnly hold a ceremony to honor the posture of Hoang Sa soldiers to commemorate and pay tribute to the soldiers of the old Hoang Sa Squadron who bravely sacrificed and forever lying in the sea. The people and authorities on the island district have built up wind graves and set up the temple “Am Linh Tu and the tomb of soldiers of Hoang Sa”, which is the place to worship Hoang Sa soldiers and soldiers, Bac Hai, and “witnesses”. live ”is an important historical evidence proving Vietnam’s sovereignty over the Hoang Sa archipelago. The fishermen on the island prepare to fish at night. Compared to other festivals of the fishermen in the Central region, the Hoang Sa soldiers’ stance ceremony not only stops at the value of spiritual beliefs, but above all is an opportunity for the children of the country to express their gratitude to the mother of the East Sea. . The strange attraction of the festival is not only its rituals, rituals, practices, folk festivals but also its deep community meaning and value. The hot sun dissipates in the gentle waves that clap against the white sand. In the distance, there is a glimpse of fishing boats letting go of nets. Currently, the population of Ly Son island is more than 21,000 people. They remain with this land from generation to generation. Not because of the temptations around but leaving the homeland. The people here are always trying their best to study, strive and bring their strength to the development of their homeland. Life here is also quite prosperous now. The 2-3-storey houses have sprung up, cable TV is used by many households, there is a school for children on the island to come to class and a lot of facilities are built to serve people’s lives. . The life of the residents here is no different than on the mainland, there are spacious restaurants, 3-star hotels to serve tourists, bustling music cafes, market for all kinds of hammer, but most still. garlic and seafood species such as abalone, shrimp and fish. Except for seafood, other items are priced higher than the mainland because of the distance by the sea but not too expensive. The peaceful night of the island, only the waves crashing onto the rocky rapids, like the lullaby of the ancient sea. The island crouched in sleep after a day of welcoming guests. In the distance, the light of squid fishing boats shimmering like flocks of fireflies flickering in the thick black sea. Standing between the earth and the sky and the vast sea like that, you can see that your country is extremely beautiful. I kept on talking about the vitality of people in the first wave. They are the lights on the sea of ​​money to spend, to keep the sea and sky the country for many generations.

– Anh Toan! 843 is stopping at the front, how is my car? – Just run! – Toan was determined. Exercising to release the clutch, the car leapt up and slowly increased its speed, saw the white tall house behind the iron fence on the right-hand side, on the roof was a three-striped flag. Toàn affirmed: “Here is the Independence Palace” and shouted: – Speed ​​up the entrance to the main gate! When the engine twisted and died, Hoa hastily stepped on the clutch and pressed the start button. The sound of engine gears started working but could not pull the tank engine, he thought very quickly in his mind: “Since the gearbox is still at number three, the battery cannot pull the engine” and hurriedly pulled the gear lever back zero”. The stubborn gear lever lay still, not moving like teasingly. Fire loosened his hand and stepped on the clutch twice, then gritted his teeth and yanked, but still couldn’t. Turning to the right, Than saw the 390 approaching vehicle, he asked Hoa: – Mars is it? – The car is stuck in gear, can’t start the engine! – Fire pulled the shift lever and answered. Kidney raised his head and put his eyes on the driver’s glasses and looked as if he were fascinated in the ivory-white four-story house in front of him. That was the main aim of this battle, of this whole war and now it is right in front of you, the sooner you conquer it, the sooner the war ends and will be less. how much blood is shed. In a moment, images of the Soviet Red Army soldiers holding flags on the roof of the German National Assembly and our troops flagging flags on the roof of the Do Cat tunnel in Dien Bien Phu appeared in the mind of Than. The house is still lying silent and full of mystery. Who knows what are behind those windows, the pillars, and is there a gunman aiming at you? To get here, you had to go through so many dirt roads, so many bones and blood filled it. There is only a little more left, even sacrificing right here is not wasted. But there is still your car behind you, and so many of your comrades are coming, they will protect you and avenge you. Thinking so, Than decided to jog in, he told the car: – If I don’t see me down after a while, I’ll be dead, and you guys will keep hitting the palace with how many bullets. After saying that, Than turned on the door, the head of the car protruded from the antenna and took the flag of liberation. At that moment, the 390 car arrived in front of the Dinh gate, Xi slightly reduced the oil pedal and pulled the right handlebar to the “planet” position, the car turned 90 degrees opposite the main gate. Practice increasing the oil leg rushed into the gate, one gate collapsed, the other wing swung to a tilt, following the momentum of the 390 car rushing into the Palace yard. Kidney has removed the flag, he jumped down and ran across the lawn 390 next to the main door, a few shadows glimpsed holding the camera in front. From the car, Toàn saw that Than held a jogging flag next to his car. Thinking in his stomach: “How dangerous! I know how the enemy forces in the palace are but he got out of the car like that “, Toàn reminded Xi: – Reduce speed! Let’s run slowly. Meanwhile, on the side of vehicle 843, Hoa put the gear lever to “zero” and pressed the start button, the engine immediately exploded. He stepped back a little, and then plunged into the yard 390 behind the car. Fire accelerated the vehicle to run parallel to the 390, the two cars acting as two guards on either side for his company captain. Tank of the Liberation Army entered the Independence Palace in the afternoon of April 30, 1975. Photo: Tran Mai Huong / VNA. Both cars rushed to the front hall of the palace, then stopped. Company Captain Than, still holding the flag, ran up the steps and disappeared behind the door. Politician Vu Dang Toan ordered: – Mr. Phuong took 12 cups of 7, the whole car was ready to protect Mr. Than and me. After giving orders, Toàn turned on the door cover, stole his AK, and jumped down and ran after Than into the palace. Company deputy company Le Phuong put on the second gun and embraced the 12-mm gun. On the side of the 843 vehicle, Nguyen Van Ky also put the door on. Both looked as if glued to the palace, hands held ready to pull the trigger. Hoa and Xi remained seated, they kept the second gear and stopped with the handlebars, like this, if you just push the two levers forward, the car will jump right up. On the gunners’ seats, Minh and Nguyen were also glued to the flat glass, the cannon barrels were still pointed straight at the palace, two thumbs were pre-placed on the trigger button. Running behind the 843 car a few hundred meters, Trang clearly saw the situation ahead. When he saw the car 843 stopped, Trang was heartbroken because she was worried about Hoa, not understanding what had happened, he told Tho: – Pay close attention! See who is dangerous, then shoot! Having said that, Trang accelerated, the car rammed on the wide road without a shadow. About a few hundred meters, Trang suddenly saw the 390 running from the right and then turned an extremely skillful “planet” right in front of the main gate. Behind the 390 car were some cars of company 4 and company 3, even a K63-85 wading in some way came here. Trang breathed a sigh of relief. As the cars 843 and 390 approached the hall, the next tank formation spread out in an arc on the grass, forming a tight embrace of the palace. The cannons were still glaring glaring at the palace, ready to release the bullets. Dozens of 550-horsepower engines were still roaring like war elephants still intoxicated by gunfire smoke. A few seconds later, there was no movement, the sound of the engine fading, then completely shutting off, the door covers burst open. Out of the car, bodies jumped out to embrace each other, cheering happily, dozens of working hats bounce off. The two-shot cannon rotates 12 cups and 7 into the sky and pulls the chest of 50 bullets. Behind the cars, armored vehicles carrying infantry were also flocking outside the gate. The infantry vehicle also raised a gun to the sky to discharge cartridges. Where the journalists hid just now, they did not know now, they were quite crowded, taking pictures and taking photos. The guards and staff in the palace had been gathered in a row on the right side of the courtyard in a very orderly manner … Plunging the 380 “broke his lips” into the water tank in the middle of the palace yard, Trang stopped. He just opened the driver’s door and saw Tho jump down, the two brothers hugged each other and jumped, his mouth screaming like a child during the festival. On vehicle 381, platoon leader Tri stole an AK from his armpit and stood at the top of the turret, shouting loudly: – Pay attention! Drivers and second cannons are not allowed to leave the vehicle! The rest follow me to the palace! Tho left Trang to rush to the palace. Trang and the driver wavered to watch their teammates rushing into the palace like a waterfall. A journalist with a camera arm held out was facing Trang. At this point, Trang noticed me. The clothes worn from the 27th until now were still stained with red dirt, rubber forest and grease, and many places were still stained with cannon blood. More harmful, somehow, the left leg of his pants tore a line from the knee down to the bottom of his pants. Confused, Trang turned away and slipped into the driver’s seat. It was while sitting in the driver’s seat looking around Trang that fully felt the great event that he and his teammates contributed to and witnessed, Trang understands from now on. The war has completely ended, no more blood, no more death … Looking down at the cruise clock, Trang saw 3,100 on the odometer, he suddenly thought of the road that many generations had passed to reach this final destination today. A thought flashed through her mind, Trang hastily took out the torn “undivided” notebook and scribbled: “When the tank stopped in front of the Independence Palace I was surprised – is this really a dream? The last kilometer – intense battle Is it coming? Two eyes suddenly blurred. Saigon – April 30, 1975 noon. Trang’s eyes were really blurred, he knew that in order to reach this destination today, to this “last kilometer”, many people had to shed blood and sacrifice. Only this “move four” only ten of his teammates have permanently returned their youth on the journey of fighting. Just the other day, Nguyen Kim Duyet, two main cannon of this 380 vehicle, fell down with only a backpack of books. Trang folded her notebook, pressed her forehead against the driver’s door, and closed her eyes to contain her emotions. When he was calmed down, Trang looked up, and on the roof of the Independence Palace, his company leader Than was pulling the liberation flag onto the flagpole. The middle red green flag has a yellow star tinged with gun smoke and a bullet-wound hole in the wind fluttering in the blue sky of April Saigon.

Welcome the election of deputies to the 15th National Assembly and the election of deputies to People’s Councils at all levels for the term 2021 – 2026: fly the national flag from May 22, 2021 to May 24, 2021. Celebrating the 76th anniversary of the National Day of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (September 2, 1945 – September 2, 2021): flying the national flag from August 30, 2021 to September 2, 2021. Celebrating 67 years of the Liberation of the Capital (10/10/1954 – 10/10/2021): Flag of the Fatherland from October 9, 2021 to the end of October 11, 2021. People’s Committees of districts and towns are responsible for directing, inspecting and reviewing the flagging of the Fatherland’s flag at local offices and offices, supplementing and replacing in case of need. Heads of agencies, units inspect the flagging of the Fatherland in units under their management.

Buckingham Palace staff posted the notice at the main entrance of the palace. Photo: Reuters. The official Royal announcement of Prince Philip’s departure. Photo: PA Media. The British Union flag on the roof of Buckingham Palace has also been lowered in half and hung. Photo: AFP. British people living in London also came to place flowers and gratitude messages in front of Buckingham Palace to condolences with the Royal family before the departure of Prince Philip. Grateful messages are placed next to bouquets of British people. Photo: Getty. Photo: AFP. Photo: Reuters. At Windsor Castle (Berkshire county in southeast England), where Prince Philip spent the last weeks of his life until his last breath, locals also put flowers at the door. radio. Photo: Getty. Photo: AFP. At Holyroodhouse Palace, the house of Queen Elizabeth II in Edinburgh (Scotland), also held a flag to fly and some people came to place flowers. Photo: Getty. Photo: PA Media. Yesterday’s sporting events in England also took two minutes of silence to commemorate Prince Philip. Photo: Getty. Horse racing participants and spectators came to watch at Aintree Racecourse in Liverpool city spent two minutes of silence to condolences with the British Royal at the departure of Prince Philip. Photo: PA Media. The Royal Family said specific information about Prince Phillip’s funeral will be announced as soon as possible. However, in the context of the complicated COVID-19 epidemic in the UK, it is likely that Prince Philip’s funeral will be carefully planned to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV- virus. 2.