Panoramic view of Villa La Grange from above. Villa La Grange built in the 18th century is no stranger to many historical events and famous characters. In 1864, it was the site of the closing gala dinner of the first Geneva Convention on assisting wounded soldiers on the battlefield, marking the introduction of humanitarian law. The event was attended by Henry Dunant, founder of the International Red Cross. More than a century later, in June 1969, Pope Paul VI himself celebrated Mass in front of a crowd of 70,000. It was the only space large enough in Geneva at the time to accommodate such a large crowd. La Grange Park, the largest park in the city, is a perfect setting for the villa and it is surrounded by many large trees to the south and offers completely unobstructed views. Over the past week, Villa La Grange has witnessed a lot of activities to prepare for the historic summit between the two leaders of Russia and the US on June 16. Preparations for the historic meeting in the lakeside villa are underway. Inside, the craftsmen repaired and gilded the items. The heavy lampstands have been cleaned, ready to welcome the two heads of state and the delegation. Outside, security measures are also implemented. A metal fence was built around the villa. At the entrance, two stone lions, the iconic “guardians” of this peak, are washed with a high-pressure cleaner. Villa La Grange is the place where the historic Russia-US summit took place. In the 1960s, businessman Jacques Franconis was the first to shape the original land of Villa La Grange. It was later acquired by banker Marc Lullin in 1706. It was the Lullin family who built the first villa on the property between 1768 and 1773 and built a French garden. Devastated by the French Revolution, Jean Lullin sold the entire place to a shipowner in the city, François Favre, who made a fortune trading with the East. The Favre family renovated the house and park, building a large library in 1821, which housed Guillaume Favre’s prestigious collection of some 15,000 works. In this vast library, there are two red chairs placed on either side of a globe, as if ready to welcome two presidents. Large library in Villa La Grange. In the spring, the Geneva city government organizes guided tours of the villa, allowing the public to explore the living rooms, bedrooms and library. It was Guillaume Favre’s grandson who had previously donated the villa and park to the city of Geneva in 1917. A year after his death, he left the library legacy to the city. In 1918, the park was opened to the public.

With glorious victories, Napoleon dominated nearly all of Europe for more than a decade, but ended up in sickness. Photo: Wikimedia Commons The most famous general and former Emperor in French history died on May 5, 1821 on the remote island of Saint Helena in the middle of the Atlantic, where he had to live in exile for six years after his surrender. British army. Although the autopsy results suggested that the cause of his death was stomach cancer, many conspiracy theories have emerged: from Napoleon being poisoned at the hands of his captors, or the wallpaper. in his house was soaked with arsenic. One rumor even claims that the remains of the emperor currently housed at the tomb in Paris are faked, as Napoleon fled to America. Recently, biomedical scientist Parvez Haris, of De Montfort University in Leicester (UK) has a new theory: Napoleon was poisoned by his favorite aromatic oils. Military genius has gone through many years of using perfume bluff, even a few bottles a day. 1826 painting by French painter Émile Jean-Horace Vernet depicts Napoleon on the hospital bed. Previous studies from the US have shown that essential oils can act as “endocrine disruptors”, affecting hormones, leading to growth disorders and tumors. According to Professor Haris, overexposure to these essential oils explains a lot about Napoleon’s declining health in the last years of his life, including his deadly stomach cancer. Victims of essential oils Napoleon not only was exposed to excessive amounts of essential oils through the use of Eau de Cologne (a low-essential perfume line), he also drank orange perfume regularly, and as a native of Corsica, he is fan of citrus fruits – all of which are high in essential oils. In 2017, a study by the New England Journal of Medicine concluded that abuse of tea tree and lavender essential oils could cause so-called gynecomastia in boys. This is a swelling in a man’s breast tissue, and according to some reports Napoleon may have had it as well. Painting Napoleon riding a horse across the Saint-Bernard Pass in the Alps in May 1800. The above documents also show that he may suffer from hairless body disorder, and often complain of being cold, having to heat up during the summer. Both of those signs were consistent with a disruption to his endocrine system. Napoleon also suffers from epilepsy, which recent research has also shown is linked to excessive essential oils exposure. “The investigators actually missed a big, obvious problem with Napoleon’s death,” explained Professor Haris. He said he was so sure of his findings that he could give evidence. “In any court of the world”. Antommarchi Antommarchi mask of Napoleon, at a museum in Paris. Photo: DM “Many people point out that Napoleon’s hair samples, taken while he were alive, have high levels of arsenic, but this theory has now been disproved. Most people in the Napoleonic period had high levels of arsenic in their bodies because arsenic was found in the medicines and cosmetics used at that time, ”said Professor Haris. Mr. Haris continued: ‘What they missed is the huge amount of perfume that Napoleon applied to his body every day. He lives surrounded by perfume, he even sprayed it directly on his face and eyes because it was mistaken for water “. Essential oil – a double-edged sword According to Professor Haris, Napoleon was a great advocate of perfumes, which had only been commercially produced since 1792. At that time, only very rich and powerful people could afford them. One theory is that Napoleon’s remains in the tomb in Paris (pictured) are fake and Napoleon escaped to America. According to Professor Haris, prolonged overexposure to essential oils explains Napoleon’s declining health in the last years of his life. Photo: DM Although Napoleon disliked doctors and avoided their medication, he was still convinced by the health benefits of perfumes. He is said to have once said that perfumes “are protection against many diseases. “So for at least 20 years, Napoleon bathed his body in perfume, he poured perfume down from his head, and in some cases he literally soaked in that water”, Giao Haris said. “He carries many bottles of perfume even during military campaigns. The data shows that Napoleon consumes 2-3 bottles of Eau de Cologne per day, while today, people use only 1 bottle for the whole year! ”. At one point, Napoleon’s perfumer Gervais Chardin ordered 50 bottles of Eau de Cologne water per month. An invoice in 1806 shows him supplying 162 bottles of perfumes for a total of 423 francs. It is thought that Eau de Cologne reminded the French Emperor at that time of his hometown, Corsica, because one of the main ingredients of the fragrance was rosemary, which grows between cliffs and Rock land on the Mediterranean island. Map of the island of St Helena, where Napoleon was exiled, in the Indian Ocean. For Napoleon, the Eau de Cologne is a double-edged sword. Perfumes mainly contain alcohol and therefore are capable of acting as an antiseptic. This could have saved his life by protecting him from deadly bacteria or viruses while participating in campaigns in different regions of Europe as well as Asia (Syria) and Africa (Egypt). . However, it eventually killed him for being overused for decades ”, Professor Haris concludes. “There is no doubt in my opinion that Eau de Cologne is the primary poison, although co-exposure to other chemicals, including arsenic, may have contributed to poor health. and eventually death from stomach cancer ”. According to many accounts, the last years of Napoleon’s life – after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo – were of little honor to the former emperor. The Longwood House on windy St Helena Road – where Napoleon was moved in exile – is said to have fallen into disrepair, damp and musty. The Duke of Wellington (riding forward) and Field Marshal Blucher commanded the Battle of Waterloo, defeating Napoleon’s army. Photo: DM Napoleon himself had repeatedly written letters complaining about his living conditions with St Helene Island Governor Hudson Lowe, when his servants complained of colds, wet floors and poor supplies. Lowe responded by restricting Napoleon’s spending and placing constraints on the gifts he was allowed to receive from the outside world. Barry O’Meara, Napoleon’s private physician, also warned British authorities that conditions at Longwood House, where the former French Emperor lived during his exile, appeared to be detrimental to his health. Meanwhile, modern researchers have also pointed out that Napoleon’s death was due to a copper arsenite-containing dye in the wallpaper at Longwood House, which is believed to have produced the poison gas. However, deprived exile does not seem to reduce the fire in Napoleon. He spent the rest of his life writing memoirs, writing a book about the hero Julius Caesar and having dinner parties as if he weren’t a captive. Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821 after six years in exile on the mid-Atlantic island of Saint Helena.

1. The strongest earthquake in Nepal that killed more than 7300 people and injured more than 14,000 occurred on April 25 of which year? Icon 2014 Icon 2015 Icon 2016 The correct answer is answer B: The 2015 Nepal Earthquake is a magnitude 7.8 or 8.1 magnitude (Mw) earthquake that occurred on Saturday, April 25, 2015, with an epicenter of about 29 kilometers. (18 miles) east-southeast Lamjung, Nepal at a depth of about 15 kilometers (9.3 miles). This is the strongest earthquake occurred in Nepal since the 1934 earthquake in this country. It is estimated that more than 9,000 deaths have been found and more than 22,000 people have been injured by the earthquake in Nepal and the surrounding areas of India, China and Bangladesh. Millions of people lost their homes, and at the same time flattened many centuries-old temples. 2. April 25, 1792 – What reason did Nicolas J. Pelletier become the first person to be executed by the guillotine? Icon Nicolas J. Pelletier attacks tourists Icon Nicolas J. Pelletier killed the king Icon Nicolas J. Pelletier poisoned people in the royal family The correct answer is Answer A: Like the gas chamber, the guillotine is first introduced to the world as a form of humane execution. Evan Andrews of History notes that the guillotine was named after Dr. Joseph-Ignace Guillotin in late 1789. Guillotin personally disagreed with the whole idea of ​​the death penalty, but he argued that beheading was equal. the machine will be much more humane than Thrones Style beheading Game with a sword or ax. At that time, sword or ax beheadings were frequent and essentially inhumane. The first guillotine execution was a revolution, not just a new method of execution. This method was first used during the French Revolution, which is famous for having at least 40,000 people killed with guillotines. Some of the famous executions include King Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette. Maximilien Robespierre, one of the early leaders of the French Revolution and the catalyst behind the Dynasty of Terror, was also executed by guillotine. From June to July 1794, 1,400 enemies of the French Revolution were killed with guillotines. But the first person killed by the guillotine was not a member of the royal family or anyone famous from afar. It is an ordinary criminal and a highway rider named Nicolas Jacques Pelletier. Pelletier, according to Marc Estier in The Good Doctor Guillotin, was convicted of assaulting a tourist and killing him. This is the story of the first guillotine execution, and the precedent it sets for the guillotine throughout history. 3. Which of the following famous canals is construction on April 25, 1859? Icon Panama Canal Icon Suez Canal The correct answer is answer B: April 25, 1859 was the day when the construction of the Suez Canal began to connect the Mediterranean and the Red Sea in what is now Egypt. The Suez Canal man-made traffic channel is located on the territory of Egypt, running in a north-south direction passing through the Suez Strait in northeastern Egypt, it connects the Mediterranean with the Gulf of Suez, a branch of the Red Sea. The canal provides a shortcut for ships passing through Europe-America ports to ports in southern Asia, ports in eastern Africa and Oceania. The canal was started on April 25, 1859 and completed on November 17, 1869. When completed, the Suez Canal was 193.30 kilometers (120.11 miles) long, the narrowest section was 60 meters, and a depth of 24 m is enough to allow a large vessel of 250,000 tons to pass. This 164 km long route has permanently changed the history of international sea transport, helping ships not to pass through the southern tip of Africa, shortening 6000 km. 4. What year was Hong Duc atlas published on April 25? Icon 1490 Icon 1491 Icon 1492 The correct answer is answer A: 1490 – Hong Duc atlas published. Hong Duc Map, ie Hong Duc map book (kanji: 洪德 版圖 冊), sometimes called geographic Hong Duc is a set of geographic maps of Dai Viet issued in the reign of King Le Thanh Tong, the 21st year of Hong Duc (ie 1490). This is considered the first set of geographic maps made by the feudal state of Vietnam. The Hong Duc map was made in the 8th year of Quang Thuan (1467) when King Le Thanh Tong ordered his captains to draw maps and send them to the Ministry of Ho. The map was completed and issued in the 21st year of Hong Duc (1490). However, the original set of the map has been lost. The atlas shows the scope of the boundaries and administrative system of Dai Viet in the second half of the 15th century. 5. Who is the author of the song selected as the national anthem of the French Republic? Icon A famous musician Icon An officer Icon A writer The correct answer is answer B: April 25, 1792 – Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle composed La Marseillaise after the Austrian emperor declared war on France, later selected as the national anthem of the French Republic. Claude Joseph Rouget de Lisle (1760–1836) was an officer in the French engineer force. His name is associated with the song “La Marseillaise”, the French national anthem, composed in April 1792 in Strassburg. He was born on 10 / 5,1760 in Lons-le-Saunier, Jura, France and died on June 26, 1836 in Choisy-le-Roi, Seine-et-Oise, France. 6. What year was Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe adventure story first published on April 25 of the year? Icon 1719 Icon 1720 Icon 1721 The correct answer is answer A: Robinson Crusoe (Vietnamese translation name: Ro-Bin-xon Cru-Buck) is a novel by English writer Daniel Defoe (1660-1731), full English name: The life and strange surprising adventures of Robinson Crusoe of York, Mariner (Vietnamese meaning: Life and interesting adventures of Robinson Crusoe, the sailor of York). This is the best of more than two hundred and fifty works of long stories and short stories by Daniel Defoe, first published in 1719 when the author was nearly sixty years old. Its success prompted Defoe to write more “post-stories” for this and many other amazing adventures by pirates, wanderers and gang girls. 7. On April 25, 1882, the French captured Hanoi, causing which of the following Governor-General to commit suicide? Icon Hoang Dieu Icon Nguyen Tri Phuong The correct answer is the answer A: The Battle of Hanoi 1882, also known as the Second Hanoi Battle, was part of the French-Vietnamese war (1858-1884) that took place on April 25, 1882. This is the battle. fought between the French under the command of Henri Rivìere against Hanoi citadel, with the Southern forces commanded by General Director Hoang Dieu. As a result, Hanoi citadel fell quickly after a few hours of shooting, General Hoang Dieu committed suicide. Result Please work harder! point

So the question is? Can the deceased hear the cry of their loved one? Although there is currently no 100% confirmation of yes or no, after all, this test must be done when a person is dead. Whether people have short-term consciousness, consciousness after death or not. At the end of the 18th century, people tried and answered them. However, since this answer is only a single evidence, there are no repeated experiments, so the answer of yes or no has not been clearly verified. According to his research, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier is a chemist and member of the French Academy of Sciences, he clarified the theory of oxidation in case of fire and laid a solid foundation for fundamental research on chemistry. . He can also be seen as a leader in the French chemical industry. Unfortunately, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier’s private life was not consistent with the old notions at that time, he not only lost his passion for science but also lost his life. In 1769, Lavoisier won the title of honorary scholar of the French Academy of Sciences, at the same time, he used 500,000 francs to become a presumptive tax officer, subject to salt and tobacco tax, then took over. position on the Royal Gunpowder Supervision and Finance Committee. This was when Lavoisier was not only one of the most powerful men in France, he also stood at the top of his scientific career, winning the highest academic honor in France. As they say, prosperity and decline. When Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier is enjoying his perfect life, unfortunately, he gets caught up in the chaotic political situation after the French Revolution, and at the same time becomes a pawn to give to others the wrong side. The radicals in the French parliament at that time, to please the oldest people, decided to kill tax officials – who were considered “vampires” to suck people’s blood before the Revolution, in which there is Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier. Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier’s captors completely ignored his important contributions to the science and economics of France. Even if he made no mistake, Lavoisier still died because he was a tax officer. His death was destined to stabilize the hearts of the people. Faced with life’s misfortune, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier remained steadfast, calm, not depressed and hopeless, thinking about what he could do in his last days. As a result, Lavoisier is that he decided to use his last life experience to prove something the world has never confirmed, which is whether humans are still aware after death, whether they can hear. See the voice of family or those who love you? When he stepped onto the guillotine, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier called the executioner on his side, making the last plea in his life, that when he was beheaded, Lavoisier hoped that the executioner could watch. Will his eyes still blink and if they blink how many times? The executioner was amazed by the scientist’s request to die, and out of respect for the man with all his heart for science, he agreed to do this. The results of this experiment shocked the entire French academic community. The executioner had actually seen Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier’s eyes blink after his head left his neck, even blinking several times, a total of 11 times. Thus, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier proved that his consciousness still existed and he could hear everyone’s sounds. In other words, although the Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier experiment was ruthless, he clearly showed that humans are still conscious shortly after death.