A model of the BeiDou Satellite Navigation System is displayed at the 12th China International Aviation and Space Exhibition in Zhuhai city, Guangdong province. (Photo: AP) Citing Yang Jun, deputy director of the China Satellite Navigation Office at a conference, Xinhua News Agency said that the country’s satellite navigation industry is worth more than 400 billion yuan in 2020, growing at a steady rate 20% year. China officially commissioned the Beidou 3 (BDS) system last July at a commemorative event attended by President Xi Jinping. As Beijing continues to invest in becoming a space power, Beidou is expected to be able to rival the GPS of the US and the Galileo of Europe. Launched in 1994, China’s Beidou project arose from the military’s need for its own satellite navigation system, replacing the US Department of Defense’s GPS. In particular, in 1996, a serious incident occurred when the Chinese military lost track of two missiles in the Taiwan Strait, possibly due to sudden GPS interruption. Since then, Beijing has invested heavily in Beidou to ensure an independent and stable satellite navigation system to guide missiles and bombs. The first BeiDou satellites were launched in 2000 and are now in their third generation, and are also commercially available. China actively promotes the use of BDS in the Asia-Pacific region, as well as in the Belt and Road Initiative countries. Beidou-related products are exported to more than 120 countries and regions, serving about 100 million users globally, according to Xinhua. BeiDou features are integrated in many popular smartphones. As a two-way communication system, Bac Dau allows compatible devices to send data to satellites, exchange text messages between two users, and track location in case of emergencies. Domestically, more than 7 million personal vehicles, 36,300 delivery and postal vehicles, 1,400 state-owned ships and 350 aircraft are using BDS. However, BDS also has its shortcomings. Last month, a truck driver in Hubei committed suicide after he was fined 2,000 yuan (US$305) because the vehicle’s BDS system was found to be disconnected during a routine inspection. Other drivers also filed complaints on the Hubei government website for similar disconnection problems. Du Lam (According to SCMP)

EUSPA headquarters in Prague. (Source: insidegnss.com) The Vietnam News Agency correspondent in Prague quoted the Czech news agency (ČTK) as saying that the European Union’s space program agency ( EUSPA ) officially operated in Prague from May 12. The EUSPA will centralize the operational management of the EU’s space programmes, while remaining responsible for managing the Galileo navigation system and other space programmes. It is the only EU agency based in the Czech Republic. In the announcement, CEO Rodrigo da Costa said: “EUSPA will play an important role in the implementation of the space program and the realization of the EU’s ambitions. This will be achieved primarily by using maximize the synergy between the various components of the program, especially navigation, Earth observation and secure communications, to stimulate innovation across multiple sectors.” In addition, EUSPA will provide European satellite navigation services, and will operate in the commercial use of data and services from Galileo, EGNOS and Copernic. Another objective of this body is to prepare the coordination of the EU satellite communications program within the public administration ( GOVSATCOM ). EUSPA, formerly the European Global Positioning Satellite System Agency, also known as GSA, has been headquartered in Prague since 2012. According to a representative of this agency, GSA has paid the Czech Republic budget nearly 130 million euros in 2020. After the expansion, the financial contribution is forecast to increase. The number of employees will increase from the current 200 to 600 employees, so the Czech Republic is looking for a new space for the agency, replacing the current headquarters on Janovského street in Holešovice of Prague which will not be enough in the future. future./.

Such questions will never end, even if one day we may know what lies beyond the boundaries of the universe. The universe is just a grain of sand in the galaxy Our universe was born from a big bang. This explosion had to come from a singularity with an indeterminate, and perhaps unlimited, density, after this explosion space and time were created, first of all light radiation, then gradually. form heavier elementary particles, which fuse together into the smallest atoms, molecules, particles of dust and gas, and the end result is galaxies, stars, planets … and our whole life today. According to today’s data, we estimate quite accurately that the big explosion mentioned above happened about 14 billion years ago, 10 billion years later, our Earth was born, and humans have intelligence. Wisdom appeared only about 15,000 – 20,000 years ago (mid and late ice age). For a long time, man has been constantly learning about his origin in the universe. Through the thousands of erroneous years of believing that we are the center of the universe, the cognitive revolutions from the time of the Copernics, the Galilei (16th and 17th centuries) until this moment when we were Going deeper than 10 years into the 21st century, has told us more about where we truly are. We are not only microorganisms on a planet orbiting the Sun, but the Sun itself is not the only star, it is just one of the 200 billion stars of the Milk Way galaxy. While this galaxy is only one of more than 50 members of the Local Group, a cluster of galaxies is in the Virgo supergroup – one out of the thousands, millions, or billions. galaxy in this universe. Yet until this point, the farthest place man has ever set foot is the Moon, one of our satellite. The number of 384,000km from Earth to the Moon sounds large when compared to the daily measure. But let’s try the comparison. With speeds up to approximately 300,000 kilometers per second, light takes just over a second to bring an image from the Earth to the Moon, but it will take more than 50 billion years to reach the edge of the universe. pillar. Perhaps our civilization in the next few hundred years will hardly allow us to go even out of this tiny galaxy. However, even though it is impossible to travel to distant space on their own, people still do not stop observing it. So far we have been able to obtain signals from places billions of light years away (even though it was information about them billions of years ago and maybe not even a few billion at that time. light year). The universe is a multidimensional space (more than 4) and it also has its limit, which is increasing due to constant expansion. Studies in recent years have shown that our universe probably won’t end with a material collapse and collapse, it just keeps expanding, diluting the density until all the time. all interactions are gone. Even so, no matter how much the universe expands, it is still just a balloon that is inflated, it can go on growing and growing, but in the end it must have a limit. What is out of the universe? Up to now, there is not any evidence for the existence of something outside the universe, but a model called multiverse is still concerned by many people because it explains for the the chances of the universes and life are beyond our limits. Essentially, the multiverse is just a proposed model based on the multistory hypothesis and probability in quantum mechanics. It is sometimes called parallel universes with the main content that our universe is not unique but there may be other universes that exist parallel to us. This multiverse theory has 4 forms of division instead of 4 with different differences from our universe. Level 1: There are other universes that are independent of ours. They also have the same physical properties as we have made no difference, except for different probabilities and internal conditions that will produce different results. Maybe there’s a life like us, there’s a civilization just like us, there’s only a slightly different nature. Currently, a rather fuzzy evidence for this is the inconsistency at several points in the resulting background radiation. As we know, this background radiation emitted shortly after the Big Bang and spread across the universe, what we get today is its remnant, so it is the witness for early universe. S This unevenness in this radiation background raises the question of the magnetic universe colliding with other universes as proposed by the multiverse, of course so far these are only questions. Level 2: At this level, we see the multiverse as “bubbles” born in an empty space. These bubbles could be being pushed apart like the galaxies are moving apart in our universe. In this hypothesis there is a difference. The physical and mathematical equations are still no different between the universes, but not only the initial conditions are different, but maybe the physical constants are also different such as the speed of light, the gravitational constant .. The results are due to the different material structures. Level 3: This is the multi-historical / multi-world hypothesis that we often see in fiction movies. There may be worlds that are parallel to us but with other constants lead to different consequences. Like a mechanical cat Doraemon, in fact, when Doraemon returns to the past to help Nobita, it is a world and a different history, while the original history still happens in another parallel world. Level 4: This model, the difference is most pronounced. The parallel universes with us have almost nothing in common with us. Not only the conditions in physical constants but also the laws of physics are completely different. The geometry of universes at this level is completely different, while our universe today has many closed universes, flat universes, universes with complex spacetime structure. , constantly fluctuating … and even open universes but with other laws of physics, completely alien elementary particles, where we have no chance of surviving if we are pushed there. . Currently, people try to look for further signs like radiation irregularities as evidence for the existence of the multiverse (of any level), but with today’s technology any any measurement for this background radiation is not absolutely accurate. Assuming there is evidence of other universes, it would be impossible to observe them.

With modern air defense systems, dealing with such UAVs is both extremely difficult and very expensive. REX-1 electromagnetic gun. (Source: Top War) To deal with small pulse and reconnaissance UAVs, Russia is developing specialized equipment such as the Kalashnikov Military Technical Corporation’s REX-series electric guns or special anti-air missiles being developed by engineers of the Russian Nuclear Center. In 2015, Kalashnikov Military Engineering Corporation acquired a stake in drone maker ZALA Aero to develop unmanned technology and anti-UAV weapons. This group is working to develop electronic warfare systems focusing on fighting against modern UAVs. Among them are two models of non-lethal weapons REX-1 and REX-2 that appeared at military technical exhibitions. REX-1 electromagnetic gun In terms of parameters and weight, the REX-1 electromagnetic gun is compact in size, comparable to modern automatic weapons. According to the manufacturer, the weight of REX-1 reaches 4.5 kg, built-in battery backup, ensures 3 hours operation. The main mission of the REX-1 is to protect critical facilities and enclosed areas from intrusive drone vehicles. This is especially important because modern air defense systems are not always guaranteed to destroy UAVs, and detecting small drones using conventional electronic reconnaissance means is difficult. towel. According to the Kalashnikov Group, REX-1 can interfere with the signals of the US GPS satellite navigation system, the BeiDou of China, the European Galileo or the Russian GLONASS within a radius of 5 km. In addition, at a distance of 1 km, REX-1 can block LTE, 3G, GSM signals, interfering with the running frequencies: 900 Mhz, 2.4 GHz, 5.2-5.8 GHz. Thanks to these capabilities, the REX-1 is able to neutralize enemy drones without causing physical harm. Besides, controlling the REX-1 is quite simple. In addition, the REX-1 is equipped with additional lights, target indicators and various points of view. REX-2 electromagnetic gun In the framework of the Army International Forum 2019, the new version REX-2 launched has been rated by many military experts as the world’s most compact anti-drone gun. The main advantage of the REX-2 is its compact size and light weight. If the original design REX-1 weighed approximately 4.2-4.5 kg, the weight of the non-lethal REX-2 was only about 3 kg and the length should not exceed 500mm. According to the developers, the REX-2 is designed to disable all types of UAVs, including optical devices used on the ground or underwater. The lighter and smaller version of this device effectively overwhelms the signal of the satellite navigation systems within a radius of 2km. The REX-2 works by suppressing radio and satellite navigation signals – technology used in the operation of most modern UAVs. The REX-2 developer wants this new weapon to be able to counter a wide variety of targets since their components are interchangeable, as well as tailored to suit missions. Specifically. Antidrone jet rockets Last March, the sheet Izvestia reported that the experts of the Russian Federal Nuclear Center are developing high-speed anti-drone equipment with jet missiles (antidrone). The antidrone missile consists of the missile hull, a target guidance system and a net-trap container (nets with dumbbells in corners). Missiles carrying “mesh bullets” shoot directly to the enemy’s drones, then open the net, ensuring to capture and disable the UAV. However, experts say, similar UAV trap projects in Russia are not effective enough to intercept high-speed vehicles when performing complex aerial maneuvers. According to the news agency RIA Novosti In order to intercept UAVs with mesh bullets, the antidrone missiles need to be adjusted to launch a network of traps at a predetermined rate. The process above will take steps and be difficult as high-speed targets can quickly get out of range of the device. (According to Top War)