Energy and climate package Triple steps or big litter?

Status: 22.06.2021 4:35 p.m.

Shortly before the summer break, the Union and the SPD agreed on an energy and climate package. It is intended to help achieve the goals of the new Climate Protection Act. According to this, Germany should be greenhouse gas neutral by 2045.

From Martin Polansky, ARD capital studio

Shortly before the end of the legislative period, the Bundestag is due to pass the stricter climate protection law this week. And now the Union and the SPD have agreed on a package with initial measures on how the more ambitious climate targets are to be achieved in the coming years. The chairwoman of the Union in the Bundestag Environment Committee, Anja Weisgerber from the CSU, welcomes the agreement. “It is definitely a clear step forward. And with everything we also pay attention to the effects on the economy, on jobs and people’s acceptance.”

Expansion of renewable energies – with restrictions

The government groups have specifically agreed on additional new wind and solar systems in the coming year, on simplified repowering, in which old wind turbines will be replaced by new and higher ones. CSU environmental expert Weisgerber emphasizes that the effects on species protection and noise emissions should continue to be examined. But simplified approval procedures are necessary in order to expand renewable energies more quickly and thus achieve the climate targets. The agreement also provides financial benefits for communities that provide rural open spaces for solar systems. The Union and the SPD could not agree on a faster increase in the CO2 price or the distribution of CO2 costs between tenants and landlords each half. And solar compulsory for new buildings is also off the table. This was not feasible with the Union, says the deputy SPD parliamentary group leader Matthias Miersch: “We cannot enforce this measure in such a constellation. I believe that the next government must first and foremost conclude a future pact between the federal, state and local governments , which provides for a binding expansion path for renewable energy sources. ”

Opposition and associations disappointed

Criticism of the resolutions comes from the opposition. The FDP speaks of campaign activism by the Union and the SPD, the Left calls the resolutions a sham campaign. The environmental expert of the Greens, Oliver Krischer, speaks of small, triple steps: “That is not what we need for climate protection. That is politics with our hands in our pockets and not the answer to the climate crisis.”

The BUND and the Paritätische Wohlfahrtsverband also criticize the resolutions as half-hearted: they are not only unambitious, but there is also no social compensation for tenants, for example. The Bundestag is to adopt the package of measures on Thursday together with the new climate protection law. This provides for Germany to become greenhouse gas neutral in 2045 – five years earlier than previously planned. In addition, the Federal Cabinet wants to launch an eight billion euro immediate program tomorrow to promote investments in the energy transition. However, the immediate program can only be finally adopted by the upcoming Bundestag

No agreement in the coalition Tenants have to bear the CO2 price alone

Status: 22.06.2021 4:31 p.m.

The coalition seemed to be in agreement: landlords and tenants should share the CO2 costs on oil and gas in the future. But the Union no longer went along with it. Associations and the opposition are angry – and generally criticize the climate protection concept. For the time being, tenants in Germany will have to bear the additional costs due to the CO2 price on oil and gas alone. An agreement reached by the federal government weeks ago to relieve tenants has now failed. The Union faction did not want to participate, did not want to burden landlords and landlords additionally. “A division of the additional CO2 costs between tenants and landlords would be counterproductive, since the CO2 price is intended to steer behavior”, said Union faction vice-chairman Thorsten Frei of the news agency dpa.

Incentive to produce less CO2

It should be worthwhile for the consumer if he uses less CO2, said Frei. That was the reason why the Union faction rejected the division. After all, landlords are not responsible for heating costs, according to Frei.

At the same time, Frei emphasized that it had already been ensured that it was not closed “social imbalances” come “Those who receive transfer payments receive their housing costs from the state. Those who are entitled to housing benefit have received ten percent more since the beginning of the year in order to cushion the CO2 price”said Frei.

Criticism from the SPD and the tenants’ association

The SPD side, on the other hand, expressed its disappointment. The Union has refused to include the landlords and landlords in the higher CO2 costs for living. This leave you behind “bitter aftertaste”said SPD parliamentary group leader Rolf Mützenich. “Now the tenants alone have to bear the additional costs”, he said. “This is not how we imagine social climate protection.”

Of a “impending price shock” SPD parliamentary deputy Sören Bartol spoke for tenants “Editorial network Germany” (RND). The no from the CDU and CSU to the division model “exposes the social coldness of the Union”, he said. The German Tenants’ Association called the regulation in the RND newspapers one “hit in the face” of the tenants.

Additional expenses of up to 160 euros

The cabinet decision of May 12th originally provided that landlords should bear 50 percent of the costs of the national CO2 price in future tenancies. According to the current legal situation, tenants take on the costs arising from CO2 pricing, currently EUR 25 per tonne.

The consequence of the regulation: If heating continues to be mainly fossil fuel, it will be expensive. Like the portal “Check24” has calculated, the CO2 price of 25 euros for a family with a rented apartment and a consumption of 1000 liters of heating oil per year results in additional costs of almost 79 euros. A family with a house has to pay about twice as much.

Eight billion euros for climate protection

Originally, the now burst relief for tenants was noted in the so-called immediate climate protection program. The immediate program will now go into the cabinet without the corresponding passage. It essentially contains the plan for the distribution of the eight billion euros that are to be used in addition to climate protection measures in the coming years. But the coming federal government has to implement this. SPD parliamentary deputy Matthias Miersch, who negotiated the details of the climate and energy program with the Union to the end, spoke of one “Bridge to the next legislative period”. Miersch criticized the concept for the expansion of renewable energies as a failure. Here it was not possible to give the federal states binding targets, for example for the expansion of wind energy on land. Giving wind and solar energy a boost through changes in the law is now the task “Future task of the next government”said Miersch. Environment Minister Svenja Schulze (SPD) referred to RTL / n-tv on concrete progress, for example in the replacement of climate-damaging oil heating systems, but also admitted: “We could do a lot more.”

The Federal Climate Protection Act is to be passed quickly

The Federal Climate Protection Act, which is due to pass this week by the Bundestag and Bundesrat, forms the framework for all measures and financial plans. This will anchor the new climate goals that the federal government had set for itself just two weeks after a ruling by the Federal Constitutional Court in May. The judges in Karlsruhe had instructed the federal government to regulate the national path to the reduction of climate-damaging greenhouse gases even beyond the year 2030.

Germany is aiming for greenhouse gas neutrality by 2045, five years earlier than originally planned. Then only as much climate-damaging gas should be emitted as can be neutralized again. Politicians argued for weeks about the right way to get there and only agreed on the final key points on Monday.

Smoke and steam rise from the Belchatow Power Station, Europe’s largest coal-fired power plant in Poland. Photo: Reuters. The use of fossil fuels continues in the face of rising global energy demand, continued consumption and investment in new fossil fuel plants, and energy use, the report said. lower biomass such as using wood or agricultural waste in heating and cooking. Burning fossil fuels such as coal, gas and oil produces carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas that contributes to global warming. As concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere rise to record levels, governments have called for stronger emissions cuts and curbs on fossil fuel use to meet global climate goals. The exhaust pipe of a car is photographed on the street in Berlin, Germany. Photo: Reuters. The share of fossil fuels in the global energy mix was 80.2% in 2019, compared with 80.3% in 2009, while renewables such as wind and solar accounted for 11, REN21 said. 2% in the energy structure in 2019 and 8.7% in 2009. The remainder of the energy mix consists of traditional biomass, which is used largely for cooking or heating in homes in the developing world. However, in many regions, including parts of China, the European Union, India, and the United States, it is now cheaper to build new wind or solar photovoltaic plants than to operate new ones. existing coal plant. Renewable energy is also competing with new natural gas-fired power plants in terms of cost in many locations and is the cheapest source of new electricity generation in countries on all continents, the report said. big land. “We are waking up to the bitter reality that the climate policy promises of the past ten years have been almost empty words,” said Rana Adib, CEO of REN21. “The share of fossil fuels in final energy consumption has not shifted an inch,” she added. In many countries, the Covid-19 economic recovery packages aim to stimulate further investment in renewable energy. But renewable investments only account for about one-sixth of investment in fossil fuels, the report added.

The “June 13″ gas explosion accident in Shiyan, Hubei still affects people’s hearts. On June 14, the Office of the State Council’s Security Committee and the Emergency Management Department held a video conference on national safety and precaution work, expressing the need to thoroughly investigate the accident process and causes, and to hold accountability in accordance with laws and regulations. Prior to this, Hubei Province also carried out safety production inspections and management work, including the gas industry, through the issuance of emergency notices and emergency meetings. With the disclosure of more information, while the explosion accident locked the two-story building with a history of nearly 30 years, the safety of the old community has also become the next focus of attention.

Accountability: the State Council listed for supervision

At about 6:40 on June 13, a gas explosion accident occurred at the Yanhu Community Fair in Zhangwan District, Shiyan City. As of the evening of June 14, the accident had caused 25 deaths. At present, the on-site search and rescue is still continuing.

Recalling the scene of the explosion, the owner of a plaster shop near the bazaar described it to a reporter from Beijing Business Daily: “The glass on the facade of our shop was blown up. I lived behind the shop and went out to look at it when it exploded. serious.”

According to the official Weibo report of “Shiyan Release”, the scene of the explosion was the Yanhu Community Vegetable Market in Zhangwan District. It was a two-story building constructed in the early 1990s. The first floor belongs to Runlian Property and the second floor belongs to the management of Yanhu Community. . Among them, there are 19 pharmacies, breakfast shops and other shops on the first floor, uninhabited activity rooms on the second floor, and 46 convenient stalls across the road.

According to the official website of the National Health Commission, the National Health Commission has sent a team of 6 emergency medical rescue experts to Shiyan, Hubei. As for the specific cause of the gas explosion, the official investigation results have not yet been released.

On June 14, the State Council Security Committee decided to supervise the investigation and handling of the gas explosion accident in Shiyan, Hubei. The meeting emphasized the need to deeply learn the lessons of the gas explosion accident in Shiyan, Hubei, draw inferences from one another, deepen the investigation and management of hidden dangers in various regions and key industries, and further strengthen safety Supervision and law enforcement inspections resolutely curb the proliferation of various accidents, and effectively protect the lives and property safety of the people. It also requires meticulous search and rescue work, effective treatment of the wounded, and best efforts to reduce casualties; thorough investigation of the accident process and causes, and serious accountability in accordance with laws and regulations.

In addition, the meeting requested that the key points should be highlighted, and key units and sites that may cause heavy casualties, such as chemical storage tanks, large-scale complexes, chemical parks, densely populated areas, gas and oil and gas pipelines, and various mining enterprises, should be closely guarded. Strictly prevent serious accidents. To deal with problems that seriously impact the safety of the people, such as the chaotic management of gas laying, the hidden fire hazards of moving and moving to high-rise buildings, the disorderly construction of chemical energy storage power stations, and the illegal manning of agricultural vehicles, we should promptly take control measures.

Remediation: a major investigation in the gas industry

At present, the cause of the accident is still inconclusive. So, what are the possible factors that will lead to a gas safety accident? Lin Boqiang, dean of the China Energy Policy Research Institute at Xiamen University, told the Beijing Business Daily that there may be multiple reasons. “The gas explosion may be related to urban expansion. In our infrastructure, all gas is taken from under the city. When wiring in the past, it is reasonable to keep the gas as far away as possible from the residential area. If it is in a residential area, there will be some special requirements for the wiring. However, due to urban expansion, areas that were not communities may become communities. It may be difficult to modify the original pipelines. However, the new pipelines may also cause safety accidents. This can only be determined after the investigation results come out.”

“How to make pipelines safer through renovation is a key thing. In the process of urban expansion, it is very important to update and upgrade infrastructure and equipment.” Lin Boqiang said, “In addition, equipment problems and human factors may cause gas. explosion.”

June this year is the 20th National “Safety Production Month”, and the occurrence of gas explosion accidents has also set off a wave of rectification of potential safety hazards. On the day of the accident on June 13, Hubei Province issued the “Emergency Notice on Doing a Good Job in Current Work Safety” (hereinafter referred to as the “Notice”) to deploy gas safety inspection and rectification work.

The “Notice” requires that a large-scale investigation and rectification of potential safety hazards such as natural gas pipelines (high-pressure pipeline networks), urban gas pipeline networks, and liquefied gas tanks (tanks, storage, transportation, and use) should be carried out quickly throughout the province to eliminate hidden dangers and ensure safety. Strictly investigate behaviors that do not implement real-name management of gas cylinders in accordance with regulations, strengthen the investigation and treatment of hidden safety hazards such as gas appliances, connecting hoses, pressure relief valves, and gas leak alarm devices in gas use places such as restaurants, and vigorously rectify illegal storage and transportation of bottled liquefied gas , Filling and upside-down, as well as unauthorized removal, modification, relocation, burying of gas facilities and appliances and other issues.

In addition, in view of the hidden dangers of pipelines, it is also required to organize the investigation of hidden dangers such as pressure, cross crossing, and insufficient spacing of oil and gas long-distance pipelines, and strengthen the supervision of hidden danger rectification. Strengthen the risk management and control of pipeline high-consequence areas, especially personnel-intensive high-consequence areas. Strengthen pipeline inspections and the management and control of surrounding third-party construction sites to prevent illegal construction from endangering pipeline safety. Carry out the investigation and treatment of geological disasters such as landslides, mudslides, and collapses around pipelines, and implement geological disaster prevention measures.

Prevention: focus on old communities

In addition to the inspection and rectification of production safety in key industries, fire prevention problems should be prevented from “burning”, and we must also focus on important places such as old communities.

At the emergency video conference on production safety in Hubei province on the evening of June 13, the secretary of the Hubei Provincial Party Committee Ying Yong emphasized that it is necessary to carry out comprehensive and in-depth investigations and remediation of hidden dangers in production safety, focusing on natural gas transmission and use, mining, electric power, chemical engineering, In key areas such as transportation and key places such as old communities, bazaars, tourist attractions, etc., thoroughly investigate and eliminate hidden risks.

“In urban construction and renewal, we must not only pay attention to planning management, but also strengthen building codes, and strictly implement the requirements of building safety and quality.” Ying Yong said.

Yan Yuejin, research director of the Think Tank Center of E-House Research Institute, told reporters from Beijing Business Daily that it is necessary to conduct key research on public safety issues related to housing, especially gas pipelines. If they are not handled well, various new problems will easily arise. May affect the operation of the entire city. As for the problem of gas pipelines, the follow-up also requires old communities to increase inspection and management to prevent risks.

According to reports, the Wuhan Municipal Housing Management Bureau will investigate the city’s hidden housing safety hazards, hidden fire hazards in property communities, hidden fire hazards in rental houses (including long-term rental apartments), hidden fire hazards in public rental houses, and hidden fire hazards in historical buildings, with a focus on registered dilapidated houses and old buildings. A comprehensive inspection of the house was carried out.

In addition, strengthening public education is also the top priority of safety. Wuhan will also focus on strengthening security inspections for large-scale commercial gas users and small-scale catering users of bottled LPG. Natural gas companies should conduct inspections and repairs on users’ valves, pipelines, meters, etc., to help users eliminate potential safety hazards and improve users’ awareness of safe gas use.

“China’s safety has always been the first priority, but it does not mean that there are no problems. The government must review the company’s safety thresholds and carry out strict rectification, and the pipelines running under residential areas must be renovated to be safer. In addition, Gas education on the consumer side is also very important. Forgetting to turn off gas, aging equipment, improper operation, etc., will cause hidden dangers. We must strengthen gas safety education for the public, and gas suppliers and communities should conduct safety publicity to explain its benefits.” Lin Boqiang said.

Beijing Commercial Daily reporter Tao Feng Lu Yinling

A carbonated beverage and a dish that is both spicy and sour, often served with rice, bacon, instant noodles, but also made by a fermentation method like kimchi, how can it be combined with can each other? But in Korea, yes! Even this kimchi energy drink is very popular and is enthusiastically welcomed by young Koreans. Because when you eat greasy food, carbonated drinks will make you feel less bored, combined with the taste of kimchi will be more delicious. Kimchi-flavored soft drinks are being enthusiastically welcomed by young Koreans The water can is designed in white with a very eye-catching cabbage kimchi pattern, feeling both cool and sweet. When not trying it, many young people think this is a strawberry-flavored carbonated water because it has a beautiful peach-like color. When enjoying, it does have a strawberry taste, the gas concentration is not too strong, but later on, the taste of kimchi can be felt, but not very strong, just spreading in the mouth and then melting. The content of kimchi accounts for 0.001%, only creating a feeling for the drinker. Kimchi-flavored soft drinks are also energy drinks, helping users feel more alert and energetic. A 240ml can of water is sold for 3000 won (VND 63,000) in Korea.

The German government remains committed to completing the Nord Stream 2 project despite strong objections from Washington. Photo: AP According to Bloomberg, Foreign Minister Maas affirmed that it is too early to conclude that the US will not impose additional sanctions against the Nord Stream 2 project. Maas emphasized, in fact, in US politics, neither Democrats nor Republicans have a positive view of the gas pipeline from Russia to Germany. However, Minister Maas expects that the gas cooperation project between Moscow and Berlin will no longer be a conflict in US-German relations. The US has repeatedly voiced its objections and continuously put pressure on the implementation of the Russian gas project. Most recently, Washington imposed sanctions on 13 Russian ships and 3 companies related to the project, but lifted sanctions on Nord Stream 2 AG – the company operating the Stream project. The North 2, and CEO Matthias Warnig. Speaking at a press conference on May 19, Foreign Minister Maas said the US decision was “a constructive step”, and affirmed that Berlin would continue to dialogue with its partners in Washington. The German government remains committed to completing the Nord Stream 2 project despite strong objections from Washington, and asserts that this pipeline will help ensure Europe’s energy security and is completely a economic project. In a related development, Russian President Vladimir Putin on June 4 said that the Nord Stream 2 project is ready to transport natural gas from Russia to Germany.

In the hot season, air conditioners have become indispensable items in many families. However, for families with limited economic resources, it is not easy to buy a new air conditioner for 7-10 million VND. Therefore, many people choose to buy used air conditioners to save costs. Because the price of old air conditioners is usually only 30-50% of the price of new air conditioners of the same type. Old air conditioners are usually used domestic products that are liquidated, upgraded, or broken air conditioners that are bought, repaired, and sold in the market. Besides, there are also old air conditioners introduced as imported directly from Japan. Old air conditioner is the choice of many people. According to some owners of refrigeration equipment repair facilities in Hanoi, this year’s hot season, due to the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic, the economy is difficult, old air conditioners have become very popular. The old air conditioners of well-known brands such as Daikin, Panasonic, Toshiba, … with a capacity of 1.0-12.0 HP with prices ranging from 3-5 million VND / unit are interested by many customers. Currently, it is not difficult to find ads on Facebook, forums or groups selling these items, for only 3-5 million VND, for a model of air conditioner. In the hot season, on the “web market”, old air conditioners are advertised more and receive greater attention from customers, especially students, workers, and low-income people. Products for sale often come with a commitment to original, 80-90% new. Many refrigeration repair shops also took advantage of the increased demand to buy used air conditioners and imported this product. Many shop owners buy used air conditioners to repair and then resell. Customers who buy used air conditioners are free of charge for cleaning, installation of duplex gas pumps, insulation pipes, and drainage pipes to pay like new machines. Need to consider when choosing to buy used air conditioners Buying used air conditioners has the advantage of saving initial costs. But according to many experts, this is not necessarily an effective economical solution. Because buying old air conditioners has many potential risks and is also an economic problem that users need to consider carefully. If you are not careful, you will not save much, but will cause trouble, frustration, and quarrels in the house because the air conditioner does not work as expected. The monthly cost of using an old air conditioner will be much more expensive than a new one. Because old air conditioners often have low cooling efficiency because the engine has weakened after a long time of use. To create the desired coolness, the air conditioner needs to “work” more. As a result, electricity bills also increase a lot. Buying used air conditioners carries many risks. Moreover, old air conditioners have many potential risks such as spending a lot of money to repair, even being tricked into buying poor quality products. In fact, many refrigeration equipment repair facilities have not hesitated to enchant old, broken air conditioners and put them on the market and sell them at high prices. If the old air conditioner is renewed, clean the cover without interfering with the inside, then rest assured to use. But if you have touched the outdoor unit, the indoor unit of the machine or replaced the components, it has affected the life and performance of the machine. With the machine is too old, workers often use chemicals to bleach the plastic, when purchased, it looks very new but very quickly degrades. When buying these air conditioners, users think they can buy cheap goods, but in fact, they are expensive and break down quickly. Another problem is that old air conditioners often have a fault that is not cold or cold because of problems related to gas (less gas, gas leak, out of gas) or because it has a lot of dust that has not been cleaned carefully. In addition, old air conditioners often run not smoothly, or make loud noises, which may be due to excess gas, compressor problems or loose screws that are not checked and replaced. Another common mistake in old air conditioners is water leakage due to water leakage in the pipes from the cold unit; air conditioner jump atatat; the air conditioner is not running. According to electronics experts, in case you have to buy old air conditioners, you should buy them from relatives, friends or ask acquaintances who are knowledgeable about air conditioning techniques for advice to avoid being damaged or buying air conditioners. The old one is repaired and sold by a butt-cheek mechanic. Should buy products with popular brands and models, do not buy floating air conditioners. When buying, it is also necessary to carefully check the parts of the air conditioner such as the case, the hot unit, the cold unit, the gas conduction weld, etc. Should choose to buy the air conditioner at the electronics centers, reputable stores and have the mode. guarantee. If possible, buy a new air conditioner. On the market today, electronics supermarkets often launch many attractive incentives to attract customers. Accordingly, many 1- or 2-way air conditioners with a capacity of 9,000-12,000 BTU are being discounted to only 4-10 million VND per unit. New air conditioners are cheaper and cheaper, modern technology should save more electricity. Hanh Nguyen (Synthetic)

Okunoshima Island in the city of Takehara is the site of an important toxic gas plant during World War II. After the war ended, the healthy rabbits were released into the wild, those that had been used to test chemical weapons were exterminated. Rabbits proliferate more and more, making the island now known as “rabbit island”. Today, hundreds of rabbits do not hesitate to roam the caves and alleys on the island. They are all wild rabbits, but are very friendly and approachable, especially with food handlers. Thousands of rabbits ‘occupy’ the Japanese island The island was hidden until 2014 when a video of a woman playing with lots of rabbits went viral on social media. Since then, people know more about the island and it attracts a large number of tourists every year. Visitors to Okunoshima are allowed to bring and feed the rabbits, as well as pet and play with them. In winter, the amount of food in the natural environment is scarcer, visitors bring food is also very good for the rabbits. Visitors reach the island by ferry from the coastal towns of Tadanoumi and Ōmishima. After landing, it only takes 1.5 hours for visitors to walk around the island. The island is now part of a national park and has several facilities such as the Okunoshima National Resort Village. There is accommodation, hot springs and local delicacies, as well as a campsite and the Okunoshima Tourist Center for guests. In addition to cycling, tennis, fishing, visitors can swim in the sea and swim in the outdoor swimming pool in the summer. Hoang Dung (translation summary)

Before this fluctuation, many users wait for the price of VGA to decrease, to buy a graphics card to install in their computer at a cheaper price. However, this is unlikely to happen. “Even when the coin price has plummeted, people who install buffalo plows are still profitable for many reasons. VGA is still sold out in the market, so there is no reason to reduce the price too deeply,” Nguyen Bao, manager at a major computer store in Ho Chi Minh City shared with Zing . Coin price falls, “plowers” are still profitable “Plowing” coins is actually the process of using machines to perform calculations to validate transactions on the blockchain network. This concept holds true for Bitcoin, Ethereum, and coins that use Proof of Work (PoW) consensus. Currently, the “buffalo” installations with computer graphics cards mainly plow Ethereum. Although the price of Ethereum has plummeted, the market for buying and selling “buffaloes” is still very active. Photo: Chi Kien. When a transaction is validated and a block is completed, the fastest finisher will be rewarded with a pre-specified amount of cryptocurrency. From the performance of the computer and the difficulty of the network, the plow system owner can estimate how many coins he will collect per day. Since the number of people participating in Ethereum mining fluctuates constantly, the difficulty of mining also changes. If mining during a period of low prices, but many people quit mining, the difficulty decreases, the “farmers” plow coins still earn more Ethereum per day. As a result, they are still profitable. “Participants in plowing coins are only interested in profit. Although the price has decreased, but every day they dig more, they are still profitable. Therefore, looking at the price of Ethereum falling and saying that VGA is going to be cheap is not baseless,” said Mr. Bao. Compared to the beginning of January, the price of Ethereum has increased by about 3 times. As a result, market participants “plowing” the coin were profitable. When using applications on the Ethereum blockchain, users pay a small fee called a gas fee. This fee is also charged in Ethereum. In addition to the reward for completing a block, the farmer who plows the coin is also entitled to a portion of the gas fee. According to Etherscan, the price of gas has increased over the past few days due to many participants trading on the Ethereum network. Screenshots. During the volatility of the market, the number of investors pouring money into trading also increased. According to statistics from Etherscan, gas fees increased sharply on May 19, which is also the day the entire cryptocurrency market plummeted. In other words, once participating in the mining network, mining rig owners have many opportunities to earn money. The profit from the rig is not entirely dependent on the price of the cryptocurrency. Don’t wait for VGA prices to drop in the near future VGA price in the market still depends on supply – demand factors. The demand of miners has increased sharply, while ordinary users still need to buy cards to play games and work, making the balance of “demand” always heavy. Meanwhile, the source with VGA is not guaranteed. The global chip crisis lasted for the past year, making it difficult for manufacturers to ensure output. Domestic distributors, even if they wanted to, could not import large quantities. “Every month we can only import a few hundred VGAs. This quantity is much lower compared to other components. It is very difficult to meet the needs of dealers,” said The Vuong, a product manager at a distributor based in Hanoi. Many “buffalo plow” owners have broken even, so there is no need to sell off the rig when the price drops. They profit from the reduced difficulty, even willing to shut down if necessary to wait for the price to rise. Photo: King Kai. According to information from some dealers, the price of VGA in Vietnam market is still cheaper than surrounding countries such as Thailand and China. Therefore, the amount of VGA imported has been less and sometimes has to be shared with other markets. On groups that share the experience of installing buffalo plowing machines, the market for mining rigs is still very active, the number of daily new buy and sell posts is still very much. Occasionally there are questions and answers about the situation when the price of Ethereum goes down, but many rig owners are still very optimistic. “Actually, many people buy the system and then give it to someone else to manage, and collect money every month. It’s very easy to do. Those who joined early have now broken even, just less profit. Those who have participated for a long time understand the market too well, they can’t easily sell their ‘fishing rods’,” said Mr. Bao. In June, a number of component manufacturers will launch a VGA line with poorer performance of “ploughing coins”, called lite hash rate. Due to inefficiency when plowing coins, this VGA line may be less attractive to plowmen and suitable for gamers. However, not excluding the possibility of price fluctuations, Ethereum’s difficulty makes mining rig owners also “empty” low performance when needed.

Illustration. https://tinhtexaydung.petrotimes.vn In a statement released alongside a major new report, the Paris-based organization said achieving the net zero emissions target “Net Zero” would require an “unprecedented transformation”. about how energy is produced, transported and used globally”. In a clear indication of the amount of work that needs to be done, the IEA report said existing commitments fell “far below what is needed to achieve net-zero global emissions by”. year 2050″. According to the IEA’s roadmap to achieve Net Zero by 2050, more than 400 “milestones” will need to be crossed. These include phasing out new fossil fuel sales by 2025 and ending sales of internal combustion engine cars by 2035. In addition, there should be no “investment in new fossil fuel supply projects, and no further final investment decisions for new coal plants”. Preliminary figures from the US Energy Information Administration show that: The share of natural gas and coal in utility-scale power generation in 2020 is 40.3% and 19.3%, respectively. . According to the IEA scenario, solar and wind photovoltaic will become the leading source of electricity for the planet before the end of the decade, accounting for nearly 70% of electricity production by 2050. According to the IEA’s roadmap, solar energy will become “the largest source of total energy on the planet” by the middle of this century. In contrast, fossil fuels will see their market share “fall from almost four-fifths of total energy supply today to more than one-fifth.” Employment in the clean energy sector will increase by 14 million people in the period to 2030, while the role in the oil and gas and coal sectors will decrease by about 5 million people. “Our roadmap shows the priority actions needed today to ensure that the opportunity for net zero emissions by 2050 is narrow but still attainable,” said Fatih Birol, CEO. of the IEA, said in a statement. “The scale and speed of the efforts required by this important and formidable goal, our best chance of tackling climate change and limiting global warming to 1.5 °C makes this perhaps the biggest challenge humanity has ever faced,” added Birol. Cutting anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions to Net zero by 2050 is considered critical once the 1.5°C target is reached. Later this year, the COP26 summit will take place in the Scottish city of Glasgow. This is seen as a hugely important event, with many hoping it will act as a catalyst for governments to step up their climate ambitions to achieve the goals set out in the Paris Agreement. . The reality shows how challenging the IEA’s roadmap is. As energy companies are still discovering new oil fields, while in countries like the United States fossil fuels continue to play an important role in electricity generation. https://tinhtexaydung.petrotimes.vn

The origin of the Darvaza crater remains controversial, but the most widely accepted theory involves a Soviet expedition to explore for gas. (Photo: Internet) According to the Daily Mail, in 1971, Soviet experts drilled and dug the area and reached a large cave filled with natural gas. Unfortunately, however, the ground beneath the part being dug collapsed, creating a huge hole with a diameter of 70 meters. Concerned that the pit would lead to a toxic gas leak, the experts decided to burn it. And as a result, the amount of gas below is so abundant, that the fire in the pit keeps burning forever. It has been burning for 50 years now. (Photo: Internet) George Kourounis, a Canadian explorer, became the first known person to venture down into the pit’s interior. Footage of his expedition was first broadcast on National Geographic, which partially funded the trip. The aim is to collect soil samples from the bottom of the pit, and try to determine if life can survive in such a harsh environment. (Photo: Internet) Kourounis shared: “ The story behind how the hole was born is still a mystery, and there is no place like it on Earth. It is very unique. ” Despite being the most popular tourist attraction in Turkmenistan, the Darvaza fire pit has always kept its pristine and quiet appearance because this place is so remote and far away from traffic. The number of tourists visiting this country has been small, and it is not easy to get here. (Photo: Internet) If you go by private car, it takes nearly 4 hours to get there. For those who travel alone, they have to take a public bus, then find a car rental or walk 7-8 km to Darvaza which takes at least 6-7 hours. The red-orange fire pan appears more and more brilliant and fanciful against the background of the sky, which gradually changes from pink to purple, to blue, to black. Visitors here are eager to capture every moment of nature. A giant fire well that shines brighter and brighter in the middle of the vast, dark desert, a lonely but fierce beauty that makes anyone who sees it overwhelmed. (Photo: Internet) (Photo: Internet) Coming here the previous afternoon and leaving the next morning, visitors will admire all the wonderful moments at Hell’s Gate: an enchanting purple sunset, a magical moonlit night and a radiant morning. pristine. (Photo: Internet) (Photo: Internet)

People do not use plastic bottles to pack beer for the following reasons: Plastic is a more porous material than glass, so it makes beer easier to “pale” when stored in plastic bottles instead of glass bottles because of the gas in the drink. will be more susceptible to evaporation. Glass has almost no effect on taste because of its chemical inertness. In contrast, plastic contains a lot of chemicals that can dissolve into beer and affect the taste, even the quality of the drink. Like glass, aluminum is a completely waterproof material, making it ideal for beer storage as well. But unlike plastic, the inside of aluminum cans is coated with a special polymer that prevents aluminum from leaking into the drink, so they are much safer. In addition, unlike the two materials above, aluminum completely blocks light, helping drinks in aluminum cans be better preserved than other types of bottles. Another problem with plastic bottles is that they cannot withstand the sterilization process that most beers go through. After being brewed and bottled, beer will usually have to be put through a machine that sprays boiling water to kill any bacteria that are still alive after the fermentation process. This process is both to ensure food safety and to increase the shelf life of beer. And while glass bottles or aluminum cans can easily endure the process, plastic cannot. That means either we have to skip the sterilization process, or we have to choose a more durable plastic, which means higher costs. For the above reasons, it can be seen that glass bottles and aluminum cans will still dominate the beer industry worldwide. Transparent beer bottles left in the sun often cause beer taste changes such as musty odors and odors, because UV rays from sunlight easily pass through the beer bottle shell to react with the sulfur molecules present in the beer. , creating a strange taste and difficult to drink like broken beer for a long time. Therefore, to overcome that situation, manufacturers have created beer bottles in brown and green colors, because these two colors prevent the best absorption of UV rays.

1. Wear tight skirts and high heels: A pencil skirt can make you seductive, but it can also cause back pain. Tight skirts limit movement at the hips, straining the spine. Similarly, when you wear high heels, too, the habit of high heels causes your legs to drop unnaturally, causing the lower back muscles to move. To avoid back pain, choose comfortable skirts and shoes with soles less than 2 cm high. 2. Regularly drink carbonated soft drinks: This daily routine can lead to kidney stones and cause severe lower back pain. Carbonated beverages can also lead to air trapped in the digestive system and put pressure on the spine. If you have back pain after drinking carbonated water, you should try drinking more water. 3. Stress, anxiety: When your body releases stress hormones, it causes muscles to instinctively tighten. Tension will lead to pain in your neck, shoulders, and back. Studies have shown that relaxation can effectively improve back pain. 4. Using inappropriate sleeping pillows: Sleeping pillows too high make you feel comfortable, but also potentially causing back pain. Most pillows put your head in an unnatural position, which puts pressure on your neck and spine, causing pain and poor sleep. 5. Wash dishes in the wrong position: Bending over when washing dishes can put pressure on the lower back, causing the muscles in this area to stretch.When you maintain this position for a few minutes, you may experience frequent back pain. To avoid straining your lower back, place one leg on a small chair. 6. Regularly take the stairs: Although taking the stairs is considered a healthy habit, this is not the exercise method to maintain the best shape if you are suffering from low back pain. People with knee or back pain should consult their doctor before exercising by climbing stairs. 7. Reading in bed: The habit of reading a few pages on the bed before bed can lead to stiff shoulders and back. Sitting with your back in bed reading a book can strain your spine and lower back muscles, leading to soreness. Photo: BS. Invite readers to follow the video “Homework helps improve physique”. Source: TV Blue.

For human life today, toilets are extremely popular to serve the daily needs of each individual. However, under the Middle Ages, the aristocrats in Europe had a unique way of dealing with “sadness” in the context of not having toilets in the house. Specifically, hundreds of years ago, the aristocracy in some European countries used a ceramic vase named Bourdaloue when needed to go to the toilet. The Bourdaloue ceramic vase is designed with an oval shape. In addition to ceramic, it is also made of porcelain. Bourdaloue vases are sold in ceramic shops. Customers of the aristocracy often bought a few for home use. Accordingly, the Bourdaloue urns are placed in several rooms, including bedrooms for aristocrats to use at times of day. Unlike men, female aristocrats in Europe often wore spread-out dresses. Therefore, the noblewoman can use a skirt to hide the Bourdaloue vase inside while going to the toilet without losing her aesthetics. After use, the servant will take the Bourdaloue bottle to waste and clean it before placing it back in place. Thanks to the Bourdaloue vase, the aristocracy in ancient Europe was able to handle “sadness” in its own way. Later, the Bourdaloue vase no longer prevailed and gradually disappeared from society when the sanitary ware was invented. Invite readers to watch the video: Russia and Ukraine sign a new agreement on gas transportation to Europe. Source: THĐT 1.

On April 27, Russia’s Akademic Chersky pipe-laying vessel began installing the unfinished pipeline in Danish territorial waters. According to Foreign Minister Maas, it is impractical to consider the project to bring gas from Russia to Germany as a political lever of Russia. “Based on our previous assessment, the Northern Flow 2 project is purely related to energy policy. Therefore, Germany should not see this project as a move to influence the Russia ”- German Foreign Minister said. German officials have repeatedly asserted that they consider completion of the Northern Flow 2 project construction as essential. Berlin considers this project an economic one. However, the German government maintains that Ukraine should play the role of transshipment of gas from Russia to Europe, after the Northern Flow 2 pipeline becomes operational. Germany is now abandoning coal and nuclear power to convert to renewable sources that do not pose a problem for its industry, which needs more gas. In a related development, the project operator Nord Stream 2 AG announced on April 27 that Russia’s Akademic Chersky pipe-laying vessel began to install the unfinished pipeline in Danish territorial waters. “After conducting sea trials, the Akademic Chersky has begun work on the installation of the pipeline in the Danish exclusive economic zone from today,” said Nord Stream 2 AG on Tuesday. Meanwhile, Fortuna – another Russian pipe-laying vessel also continues to carry out the construction of the project in Danish territorial waters under license. Up to now, the Northern Flow 2 project is 95% complete, only the final 121km of the pipeline have to be installed.

An image of polluted air was taken on February 13, following the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic, in Beijing, China. Photo: Reuters. On April 20, the International Energy Agency said that global CO2 emissions from electricity use will increase by nearly 5% this year. This suggests that an economic recovery from Covid-19 could bring many benefits, except for climate sustainability. The IEA’s 2021 Global Energy Assessment predicts that carbon dioxide emissions will rise to 33 billion tons this year, 1.5 billion tons higher than in 2020, the highest increase in more than a decade. IEA Executive Director Fatih Birol said this year’s increase in emissions this year could be increased by the recovery of coal use in the power sector, which is forecast to be particularly strong in Asia. It will also put pressure on governments to take action on climate change. US President Joe Biden will hold an online summit involving dozens of world leaders this week to discuss climate change ahead of global negotiations in Scotland at the end. this year. Last year, as electricity usage fell due to the Covid-19 pandemic, energy-related CO2 emissions fell 5.8% to 31.5 billion tons, after reaching a peak in 2019 of 33, 4 billion tons. The IEA’s annual review analyzed the latest country data from around the world, economic growth trends and new energy projects. Global energy demand is expected to grow 4.6 percent by 2021, led by developing economies, pushing it above 2019 levels, the report says. Demand for fossil fuels is on the rise in 2021, with both coal and gas rising above 2019 levels. IEA said more than 80% of its forecast for coal demand growth by 2021 will come from Asia, led by China. Coal use in the US and the European Union is also on the rise but will remain below pre-crisis levels.

Air cleaners are priced at nearly 30 million dong Similarly, Coway air purifier has a super large capacity, serving nearly 100 m2 space with a 5-layer filter system that deodorizes, removes dust, bacteria, and viruses. The machine has an air pollution warning sensor with 4 display colors, is equipped with an indicator light that displays the filter replacement time and has a safety mode that automatically turns off the power when changing membranes. The Hitachi air purifier uses multi-layer HEPA filters, which are allergic to allergy, effective in capturing fine, toxic dust particles. The rear side of the machine has a large air-intake surface with the ability to filter dust over a large area on both sides. The machine has 2 humidifying modes combined with deodorizing features that both purify the air and help reduce the dry skin for the user.

Flag of the European Union at headquarters in Belgium. Photo: Reuters Reuters recently released a document showing that the European Union (EU) will introduce a series of conditions that force the transport, industry and construction industries to meet in order to be classified into the category. Sustainable investments in Europe. Besides, the EU has yet to decide whether to label gas and nuclear power as a “green” label. According to the document, the EU’s “sustainable financial classification” is a long list of economic activities and regulations that industries must meet in order to be labeled as a sustainable investment in the EU from 2022. This landmark regulation aims to make “green” activities more attractive to investors, while at the same time ensuring that a sustainable investment label is only granted to economic activities that comply. meeting the EU’s targets on reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Natural gas is not mentioned in the draft regulations. European nations are divided over whether gas-fired power plants should be considered “green”, and the European Commission (EC) plans to tackle the fuel issue, along with electricity. kernel, in a separate proposal later this year or not. Draft regulations on “green labeling” include detailed definitions of what is considered sustainable investment in different sectors including transportation, energy generation from sources such as wind. and hydroelectricity, building rehabilitation and manufacturing of cement, steel and batteries. For example, emissions at cement plants must be below 0.72 tons CO2 equivalent to each ton of gray cement produced. Meanwhile, car production from now until the end of 2025 will be considered a sustainable investment if these vehicles emit less than 50g of CO2 per km. After 2025, only the production of zero-emission cars will be green-labeled./.

On April 15, Sinopec announced in Beijing that it will build 5,000 smart charging stations before 2025. At the same time, the world’s first fully smart charging station jointly built by Sinopec and NIO has also been officially put into operation.

However, cooperation with traditional energy giants has not stopped Weilai’s stock price from falling.The new energy vehicle company, which has a market value of more than US$50 billion, continued its decline on Wednesday, closing down 3.67% on Thursday.The other two Chinese new energy automobile companies listed on the US stock market, Ideal and Xiaopeng, also fell sharply on Thursday. Ideal Motors closed down 6.73% and Xiaopeng Motors closed down 4.53%.

Not only did the capital market fail to respond positively to the cooperation between Sinopec and NIO, many netizens also hesitated about Sinopec’s plan to build charging stations in gas stations. Worried about safety hazards when batteries are placed in gas stations .

Build no less than 5000 mixed stations in the next 5 years

According to a CCTV financial report, on April 15th, Sinopec, the largest domestic oil product sales company, announced in Beijing that 5000 smart charging stations will be built before 2025 At the same time, the world’s first fully intelligent power swap station jointly built by Sinopec and NIO was officially put into operation.

This latest fully intelligent switching station is located in Beijing’s southeast Fourth Ring Road, covering an area of ​​60 square meters. Users do not need to get off the car, and can complete the parking and battery swap business with one click in the car.

Image source: CCTV Finance

According to the Securities Times, this swap station is the second generation of Weilai swap station, which can hold up to 13 batteries. The time for a single power exchange is 4 minutes and 30 seconds, and the daily service capacity can reach up to 312 times. Compared with the first-generation power station, the efficiency is increased by more than 3 times.In addition, the second-generation power station can also support the automatic parking of the vehicle. The user does not need to get off the vehicle, and the vehicle can be automatically replaced by one-key start. .

At present, Sinopec has more than 30,000 gas stations in China, and some of these stations will coordinate the layout of charging and swapping networks with new energy vehicle companies.

Image Source:CCTV Finance

Zhang Yuzhuo, Chairman of Sinopec, said in an interview with CCTV Finance: “ The power exchange can be introduced at Sinopec’s gas stations. In this way, our plan is to build no less than 5,000 mixed stations during the “14th Five-Year Plan” period. The battery should be standardized, and the chassis of the car should also be standardized. In this way, when a gas station is built, all electric vehicles can be replaced. ”

In addition, Sinopec and NIO will conduct all-round cooperation in the fields of charging and swapping layout, new materials and smart vehicles.

Li Bin, the founder of NIO, said: “Next we have more plans to deploy NIO to replace power stations at Sinopec gas stations. In places like Beijing, Shanghai, the Yangtze River Delta, and the Pearl River Delta where we have a relatively large number of users, there is another At high speed.”

According to the Economic Observer Network, in addition to NIO, on April 15th, Sinopec also signed a strategic cooperation framework agreement with another new energy company, Aodong New Energy. The two parties will fully combine their respective technologies and expertise to conduct research, exploration and promotion. Full-scenario commercial application models such as smart charging will carry out pragmatic cooperation in the research and development, construction, and promotion and application of charging and swapping of electric vehicles.

According to reports, Aodong New Energy has been in the field of battery swapping for more than 20 years. It has mature solutions and practical applications in electric vehicle swap services, battery lifecycle management, and commercial operation of swap stations. It has implemented swap stations in more than 20 cities. Large-scale commercial operations .

Upsurge in the field of power exchange

According to the Securities Times, NIO is the first new energy car company to promote the battery swap model on a large scale, and it is mainly aimed at the private car application market and can only serve NIO owners. This mode requires investment in the construction of replacement stations and the purchase of a large number of batteries. Different companies have different battery pack standards. The construction of the NIO car swap station has not been smooth sailing, and its model has also been questioned in the early stages. Weilai had planned to build 1,100 replacement power stations in 2020, and actually completed about 200 .

At present, the number of domestic power exchange stations is still small. Statistics released by the China Business Industry Research Institute show that As of December 2020, there are a total of 555 power replacement stations in China.Aodong New Energy ranked first in the number of replacement power stations, with a total of 286; Weilai ranked second with a total of 175; Hangzhou Baitan ranked third with a total of 94 .

In addition to Weilai, there are many players in the domestic power exchange field. Among them, BAIC New Energy takes the lead in implementing power exchange. In March of this year, BAIC Blue Valley (600733) stated on the investor interaction platform that BAIC New Energy will build more than 50 new power stations in 2020, and have built more than 100 power stations in Beijing, Hainan and other places.

Recently, many car companies have launched new battery swap models, but most of them are geared towards the to B market. In March of this year, SAIC Group released the Roewe Ei5 quick-change version. The taxi operating company Dazhong Transportation and Jiangnan Travel became the first users of the Roewe Ei5 quick-change version. In the same month, Geely’s battery swap model, the Maple Leaf 80V, was officially launched, mainly for the online car-hailing market.

In the context of China’s goal of achieving carbon peaks by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060, considering factors such as grid load and efficiency,The recent upsurge in the field of power exchange is not surprising.

According to CCTV Finance, Since the beginning of this year, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the National Energy Administration and many other ministries and commissions have repeatedly pointed out that it is necessary to actively support the innovation of the charging and replacement business model to help achieve carbon peak and carbon neutral .ItemThe charging mode of the former new energy electric vehicles is mainly based on the decentralized recharge of residents’ own charging piles. As the contradiction between the increasing number of electric vehicles and the scarcity of parking spaces becomes increasingly prominent, the charging mode will gradually shift to a centralized power supplement based on fast charging and battery swapping modes, which is conducive to the safe operation of the power grid. .

Professor Xia Qing of Tsinghua University said in an interview with CCTV Finance: “The advantage of the power swap mode is that the impact on the distribution network is relatively small. I can concentrate on one place and add the power grid. If it is distributed, it will be more difficult to control. Because the two modes are compared, the cost of the point-of-switch mode is much lower.”

According to industry insiders, The power exchange mode will separate the car and electricity, which will not only allow consumers to reduce the loss of battery depreciation, but also make the battery itself more fully utilized. It can be used as an energy storage device to participate in the consumption of new energy such as photovoltaic and wind power .

“The power swap mode may form a relatively large energy storage power station from small power batteries in a power swapping station. In addition, the cascade utilization of power batteries formed after the power batteries are retired may also extend the power battery business format to the energy storage battery business format. “Chen Haisheng, chairman of the Zhongguancun Energy Storage Industry Technology Alliance, said.

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However, electric cars are not perfect and they come with their own pollution problems. Typically, their batteries contain ingredients such as lithium, which require a considerable amount of energy to source and extract.

However, making batteries is only part of the life cycle of electric vehicles. A 2014 study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences looked at the entire emissions life cycle of an electric vehicle, from mining the metals needed for batteries to producing the electricity needed. to power them, then compare this to the average emissions of a gasoline car. The team found that when electric cars are charged with coal-fired electricity, they actually do more harm to the environment than conventional gasoline cars.

Buying an electric car is much more affordable than a gas or diesel from an environmental perspective. Illustration

But that is not a problem because today, in most countries around the world, the national grid is “clean” enough for electric cars to beat competitors running on gasoline.

There are very few countries in the world where the grid is entirely or mostly coal. China is one of them. In 2019, an estimated 58% of the country’s electricity supply comes from coal. China’s grid is improving, however, with more investments in renewables – for example, it has twice the capacity of wind power as the US and builds more solar panels than any other country. Every year, according to Nature.

Mr. Gordon Bauer, an electric vehicle researcher at the International Council for Clean Transport in San Francisco, USA, said the current improved grid model, with more renewable energy and less fossil fuels. , is a global model and helps improve the environmental quality of electric vehicles. “As the grid becomes” greener “, the use of electric vehicles will be more perfect,” he said.

In a study published this month in the journal Environmental Science and Technology, Colin Sheppard, a researcher in energy and transport systems engineering at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California, Work with Gordon Bauer to model a hypothetical future scenario where all cars are powered by electricity. “We want to understand the impact of energy, infrastructure and emissions if all passenger vehicles are electrified,” Sheppard told Live Science.

For example, Mr. Sheppard calculated that if all private vehicles in the United States were powered by electricity, the annual reduction in greenhouse gas emissions in the country would be 46% (0.5 gigatons of CO2) compared to cars. run on conventional gas.

This reduction could be further increased if the vehicles were subjected to so-called “controlled charging”, a technique also known as “smart charging”, in which the vehicles are recharged into Timing is selected to minimize the financial cost of electricity generation. (For example, charging at night is generally less expensive than during the day; this strategy also favors plants that produce more energy efficiently to generate cheaper electricity.) If all privately owned electric cars were charged in the same way, emissions savings could be increased by up to 49% annually.

In addition, electric vehicles are said to also emit CO2, but not during use, but when generating electricity – this is why many people believe that this car is not completely pure. Even the president of Toyota once harshly said that electric cars are being overblown.

In fact, electrochemical vehicles including Hybrid (HEV), Plug-in Hybrid (PHEV) still emit CO2 even when used (because there is still an internal combustion engine) and possibly when generating electricity, depending on how it is generated. electricity. While pure electric vehicles can only generate CO2 in the production process, not when used.

Depending on the source of electricity generation is hydroelectricity, wind power or thermal power, nuclear power … that the amount of CO2 generation will be different. If hydroelectricity, CO2 level is almost zero, while thermal power is too much CO2.

Research by Bloomberg NEF in Thailand shows that electric cars generate 60% of the CO2 equivalent of a gasoline equivalent vehicle. This source of CO2 comes entirely from production, because Thailand generates electricity mainly from natural gas. While internal combustion engine vehicles produce CO2 in an 80/20 ratio between use and production.

For example, if a gasoline car generates 100 g CO2 / km 80 g from use and 20 g from gas production. While a corresponding electric car model only generates 60 g of CO2 from use. As such, electric cars are still significantly cleaner than gasoline cars.

For countries with clean electricity generation sources such as Norway, up to 95% of electrical energy comes from hydroelectricity, CO2 emissions are even lower. The future of electric vehicles is becoming clearer as more automakers are involved in the production and research of electric vehicles. Users often do not care too much about CO2 emissions in production, but realize that when used, it will help where cars circulate with less pollution.

Ultimately, the conclusion is that buying an electric car is much more affordable than a gas or diesel car from an environmental perspective.

Thu Ha (Th)

When the car has generated the smell of rotten eggs (H2S), the main cause usually comes from a malfunctioning car exhaust converter. Because then, sulfur gas will be spilled into gasoline and create extremely toxic H2S (at concentrations above 25 ppm can be fatal). But due to a problem with the flue gas converter at that time, re-filtering the H2S was completely impossible, leading to the vehicle’s exhaust emitting the smell of rotten eggs.

The smell of burning oil

The smell of burning oil is often caused by a direct leak from the combustion chamber, which makes the combustion not optimal. From there, it will make users feel an unpleasant smell like burning oil or more smoke.

Smell of diesel engine

This is a typical case of diesel engine vehicles. Since the burning of a diesel engine as well as the engine power of a diesel-fueled vehicle is usually higher than that of a gasoline, you will feel a stronger diesel smell when you drive on gasoline.

The smell of gasoline in the exhaust gas

If there is a smell of raw gasoline in the smoke, it means there is a problem in the car’s carburetor. At that time, more gasoline will enter the carburetor than usual, leading to the fact that gasoline and oxygen do not follow a predetermined ratio and causing the combustion in the chamber to not go as planned. From there, in the exhaust of the car, there will be a stagnant smell of gasoline because the combustion is not completely efficient.

Northern flow 2: Germany receives a request for a building permit, President Biden falls into a ‘dilemma’. (Source: The Brussels Times)

The website Tagesspiegel.de recently published an article titled “A guaranteed gas supply even without the Northern Stream 2 project”.

Accordingly, the Northern Flow 2 gas pipeline project not only supplies gas to Germany and the European Union (EU) but also has strategic implications for the transition of energy, the environment and political geography.

Once again, this has become a central issue in the context of Russia increasing its military forces on the Ukrainian border and US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin making his first visit to Germany.

The question is, is this piping system really necessary? What would the consequences be if the pipeline didn’t go into service?

The opinions are mixed

Experts have many different opinions. Some people, like Jens Hobohm from Prognos Institute for Economic Research (Germany), believe that Northern Flow 2 from an energy point of view is necessary and meaningful.

In contrast, expert Claudia Kemfert from the German Institute for Economic Research (DIW) argues that the answer is “definitely not”.

According to Kemfert, it is not necessary to have any additional infrastructure for the transportation of natural gas from Russia. In addition, the plan to increase natural gas consumption will conflict with the discussed and agreed climate protection goals.

This expert said that there would be no serious problems if the Northern Flow 2 could not be completed and put into operation. If gas from Russia cannot reach Germany through this pipeline system, Germany and Europe will find other energy solutions.

In this regard, new US President Joe Biden has stated that, like his predecessor, Donald Trump, he wants to prevent the completion of the project through the threat of punishing companies involved in the project. .

Still many EU partners believe that, with the assistance of the Northern Flow 2, Germany is acting against the common interests of Europe.

Chairman of the European People’s Party (EPP) group at the European Parliament Manfred Weber said that the Northern Flow 2 project “will definitely not be feasible” if Russian President Vladimir Putin lets the conflict in the region. East Ukraine escalated.

Will the gas supply be at risk then? To answer this question, the forecasts of the amount of gas that Germany and Europe will need in the coming years are central.

From the outset, critics accused the conglomerates that built the pipeline project “inflated” the data on German and European gas demand, making the project indispensable. and completely overwhelmed the opposition.

However, Jens Hobohm believes that this criticism holds true only in previous years, but in recent years, gas consumption in Germany and Europe has increased more than expected due to the need for natural gas. as a bridge for energy transitions.

When countries like Germany give up nuclear power, Poland reduces its dependence on coal, while solar and wind energy are still unable to meet demand, gas is the optimal solution.

According to a study by the Prognos Research Institute, in 2014, the EU consumed 400 billion cubic meters of gas; in 2015, the figure was 419 billion cubic meters and in 2019 it was 470 billion cubic meters.

Consumption figures for 2020 have not been specifically calculated, but according to expert Hobohm, this number is expected to decrease due to the impact of the epidemic of acute respiratory infections Covid-19.

In Germany alone, gas consumption will also increase from 77 billion cubic meters in 2015 to 89 billion cubic meters in 2019, while in 2020 this figure will decrease by about 2.5 percent.

Is that a compelling argument for the construction of the Northern Flow 2 project or would the existing pipes be enough to meet demand?

Is the project really necessary?

If we compare the gas consumption figures for 2019 to 2006, when the first Northern Flow system was planned to be constructed, it can be seen that the consumption volume has never been as high as it was before. Meanwhile, the project construction consortium insists that pipelines are needed as gas consumption will increase continuously. In fact, in 2006, Germany consumed 92 billion cubic meters of gas, while in the EU it was 511 billion cubic meters.

Hobohm adds that Europe’s gas imports from outside Europe depend on how much the continent can produce and to what extent can it meet its own demand?

Currently, the amount of gas produced internally has decreased, partly due to the Netherlands cutting production share faster than planned.

The key point now, experts say, is that the Northern Flow 2 project is still under construction. And Europe has no problems with gas supplies. Whether this project can go into operation or not and never work is an open question.

The later this pipeline is completed, the less necessary it is to be, as the role of natural gas will decline more and more.

Along with that, security policy risks are also very concerned.

First, it is due to the dependence of Europe and Germany on gas from a Russia.

Second, additional risks come from this project because the pipeline runs from Russia through the Baltic Sea and then directly to Germany, not through intermediate states such as Ukraine, Belarus and Poland.

Critics of the project raise two questionable issues.

FirstlyMr. Putin wants free hands to implement his policies with neighboring countries without being afraid to depend on them (when gas exports no longer have to pass through these countries).

Monday, the operation of the Northern Flow 2 system leads to a decrease in the amount of gas flowing through the existing pipes, thereby reducing Ukraine’s income from allowing gas from Russia to transit through its territory. .

The national budget of Kiev will be more than 2 billion euros. Then, the pressure on the EU to increase its aid to Ukraine will grow.

The modern world is being “digitized” at a rapid rate. Almost every service, every industry, from finance, industrial enterprises, … to the armed forces, is already networked at one level or another. In the “smart home” with TVs, refrigerators, vacuum cleaners, washing machines, microwave ovens …, and even smart light bulbs are becoming common; On the street, there were the first cars with autonomous driving systems.

Such devices are expected to make people’s lives easier, but certainly these technologies will also be applied in other areas as well. While digital systems and services make the quality of human life much better, in theory all digital systems can be hacked – which is already in practice. positive.

Computer virus

Theoretical basis for the development of the “computer virus” was formed almost simultaneously with the emergence of the computer itself in the mid-20th century. In 1961, engineers Viktor Vysotsky, Doug McIlroy and Robert Morris of the Room Bell’s telephone experiment had developed programs that could make copies of themselves – the first viruses. They are created in the form of a game that engineers call “Darwin”, the purpose of which is to send bots to friends to see which will destroy more of the competitors’ programs and create more copies of itself to fill someone else’s computer.

Cyber ​​weapons are said to be equally complex and are weapons of mass destruction; Source: topwar.ru

In 1981, Virus 1,2,3 and Elk Cloner appeared on Apple II personal computers; a few years later, the first anti-virus programs appeared. The word “computer virus” in fact includes many types of malware: worms, hijackers (rootkits), spyware, zombies, adware, virus blocking (winlock), Trojan viruses (trojans) and their combination. If the first viruses are often written for entertainment, over time they begin to be “commercialized” – to steal personal and financial data, disrupt device operations, encrypt the data. for the purpose of blackmail …

With the advent of electronic money, computer viruses received a new function – bringing the user’s computer “as a slave” to mining cryptocurrency, forming a huge network of computers. botnet infection (before that, botnet also existed, such as to send spam mail or DDoS attack). Opportunities like this cannot help but make the military and intelligence agencies in general with missions – steal something, destroy something …, care.

Computer virus – a strategic weapon

On June 17, 2010, for the first time in history, the win32 / Stuxnet virus – a computer worm that infects not only computers running the Microsoft Windows operating system, but also industrial systems that control the processes. automatic production, detected. This worm can be used as a means of gathering unauthorized data (spying) and sabotaging automated process control systems (APCS) of industrial enterprises, power plants, boilers, etc.

According to cybersecurity experts, this virus is the most complex software product, developed by a professional team of dozens of experts. In terms of complexity, it can be compared to a Tomahawk cruise missile, and is designed for cyber operations. The Stuxnet virus has damaged some uranium enrichment centrifuges, slowing down Iran’s nuclear program. Intelligence agencies of Israel and the US are suspected of developing the Stuxnet virus.

Industrial facilities, infrastructure, services … all can be targets of cyber weapons; Source: topwar.ru

Later, other computer viruses were discovered, with a degree of complexity similar to that of win32 / Stuxnet (most suspected of being an Israeli / US product), such as: Duqu, designed to collect confidential data in a confidential manner; Wiper (late April 2012), destroyed all information on some of the servers of one of the largest oil companies in Iran and completely paralyzed its work for a few days; Flame, a spy virus, is believed to be developed specifically for attacks on Iran’s computer infrastructure (can identify mobile devices with Bluetooth module, track location, stealing confidential information and eavesdropping on conversations); Gauss, aimed at stealing financial information: e-mail, passwords, bank account data, cookies, as well as system configuration data; Maadi (suspected of Iran) – can collect information, remotely change computer parameters, record audio and transmit it to remote users …

Application

In the Middle East, for example, the largest producer of liquid natural gas (LNG), has an interest that seriously conflicts with the interests of another country. The Middle East country has a network of oil and gas pipelines, LNG production lines and a fleet of Q-Flex and Q-Max tankers designed to transport LNG and has a military base of the third country. three are on its territory. An armed attack directly on a Middle Eastern country could do more harm than good. Then, the solution might be the use of cyber weapons.

Modern oil and container ships are becoming more and more automated; No less automation is used in LNG plants. Therefore, specialized malware is loaded into the control systems of the Q-Flex and Q-Max tankers, or their LPG storage systems, theoretically permissible at a certain time ( or on an external command, if there is a network connection) creates an artificial accident that completely or partially destroys selected tanks / tanks. It is very likely that flaws in the LNG production process lead to neutralization, including potentially destroying the plant.

Cyber ​​weapons can easily have the same effects as the recent Suez Canal clogging; Source: topwar.ru

An explosion of an LNG carrier due to an accident at the entrance to a port or the failure of the LNG storage device can not only result in damage to the vessel itself, but also damage to coastal infrastructure. The goals could therefore be: undermine the energy supplier’s reputation, with the possibility of consumers reorienting the natural gas market of another country; increasing prices for world energy sources, helping to generate more revenue for the national budget; undermining political activity and interfering in the internal affairs of other countries in the region, due to a decrease in the financial capacity of the country in question.

Depending on the economic damage inflicted, a complete shift in ruling elites could occur, as well as a limited conflict between that state and its neighbors, who may want to take advantage of neighboring countries’ weaknesses to change the balance of power in the region. The crux of this activity is secrecy, so that there is no direct blame without clear evidence. The United States has repeatedly been accused of conducting hostile operations against even its most staunchest allies.

Another option for using cyber weapons has been suggested by a recent incident. A giant ship – an oil tanker or a container ship, passing through a narrow canal, suddenly the control system gives out a series of commands to dramatically change the direction and speed of movement, resulting in the ship spinning break and completely block the channel. It can even be flipped, making it extremely time-consuming and costly to rescue it. The Evergreen Group’s container ship blocking the Suez Canal shows how congestion of shipping arteries affects the global economy. It is especially effective if such incidents occur simultaneously on several channels.

Or most recently, Iran is accusing Israel of terrorizing its Natanz nuclear base network … In the absence of a clear trace of the culprit, it would be extremely difficult to establish – anyone can also be blamed for this. Therefore, the development of industrial-scale cyber weapons is considered to be a top priority. Information technology along with nanotechnology and biotechnology are the cornerstones of dominance in the 21st century, but the development of cyber weapons is much cheaper than the development of promising nano biotechnology. and conventional modern weapons ./.