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Controversial herbicide glyphosate Checked and undesirable

As of: 23.06.2021 12:55 p.m.

A test report commissioned by the EU does not consider the weed killer glyphosate to be carcinogenic or dangerous to the genetic makeup. Nevertheless, the drug will probably disappear from the market in Europe.

From Michael Heussen, WDR

The specialist authorities from France, Sweden, Hungary and the Netherlands come to terms with glyphosate to a clear result : The pesticide is not carcinogenic, it does not damage the genetic material and it is neither dangerous for human organs nor for the hormonal balance. The four national authorities had assessed the safety of glyphosate on behalf of the European Commission on the basis of existing study results. You confirm the findings of test authorities around the world.

Nevertheless, it can be assumed that the drug will disappear from the market sooner or later. “Glyphosate is socially dead,” said a farmer official in the run-up to the farmers’ day in Berlin. The public had long since made its judgment – even with solid scientific arguments, the majority of consumers could not be convinced of the harmlessness of the substance. Since 2015, the judgment of the International Agency for Research on Cancer, which belongs to the World Health Organization (WHO), has been hovering over the evaluation process like a sword of Damocles: Glyphosate is “probably carcinogenic”.

“Very low probability”

It is hardly surprising that the glyphosate producer Bayer sees it differently and welcomes the positive study results that have now been published. The chemical giant, which with the US-American Monsanto group also took over its glyphosate-containing bestseller Roundup, also rejects another argument – that the herbicide threatens biodiversity.

“Evaluated scientific studies as well as publicly available research reports show only a very low probability that the proper use of glyphosate-containing pesticides has indirect effects on the biodiversity of most food chains,” says the company. For example, the effects on microorganisms living in the soil, worms, birds, pollinating insects such as honey bees, frogs and other amphibians as well as fish have been investigated, according to a Bayer spokesman. So could it happen that glyphosate may also be used in the European Union beyond the approval period that expires at the end of 2022? Much speaks against it.

The Bayer Group sees itself confirmed by the current audit at EU level. Image: dpa

Federal government expects glyphosate to be phased out by 2024

The Federal Environment Ministry, led by Svenja Schulze (SPD), firmly expects that no more glyphosate-containing pesticides may be used from January 1, 2024 at the latest after the end of the one-year transition period. “In agreement with the Federal Ministry of Agriculture, we continue to assume that the Federal Government (…) has decided to phase out glyphosate use in accordance with EU law,” it says WDR -Inquiry . About the corresponding amending regulation the Federal Council will decide next Friday. Until the end of the transition period, the application “may only take place if there are no alternative options, for example in the case of weeds that are difficult to control or areas at risk of erosion” – so it is in the voting proposal. Its use on areas that serve the general public, as well as in house and allotment gardens, is completely forbidden.

No further approval expected at EU level

Federal Minister of Agriculture Julia Klöckner (CDU) has also emphasized several times, a spokeswoman for her ministry told the WDR “It cannot be assumed that there will still be a majority after 2022 in favor of an extension of the glyphosate approval at EU level”.

In 2017, the dispute over glyphosate between the ministries almost led to a coalition crisis in Berlin. Because the former Agriculture Minister Christian Schmidt (CSU) voted “yes” in the responsible EU committee in Brussels , although the then Federal Environment Minister Barbara Hendricks (SPD) strictly against an extension of the approval for glyphosate was. The different evaluations of the current incumbents are not so obvious. But in the letters of reply to the questions of the WDR There are differences: “Glyphosate-containing pesticides are important for soil-conserving and water-saving cultivation of arable land, especially in areas prone to erosion,” writes the Klöckner spokeswoman. Schulze’s spokesman, on the other hand, emphasizes the dangers for biodiversity: “As a total herbicide, glyphosate destroys all plants indiscriminately and thus destroys the food and livelihood for many insect species such as butterflies and, indirectly, for field birds such as the skylark.”

EU assessment expected in 2022

At the European level, the European Food Safety Authority EFSA and the European Chemicals Agency ECHA will start public participation at the beginning of September – results are expected in one year.

Bayer AG continues to rely on the controversial herbicide. Europe does not play a major role as a sales market. The agricultural countries in North and South America are more important. In the USA around ten billion euros have to be paid in the context of a settlement to 96,000 plaintiffs who blame glyphosate for their cancer, and billions more will be due for future plaintiffs . Bayer therefore wants to limit its use for private customers – but Roundup should continue to be used in large-scale agriculture. Only the warning notices should be made clearly more visible. glyphosate The weed killer glyphosate was developed by Bayer subsidiary Monsanto and marketed under the brand name Roundup. The herbicide is also manufactured by other companies, as the patent has expired for years. Bayer is faced with around 9,300 plaintiffs because of the weed killer in the United States, as glyphosate is suspected of being carcinogenic. This is based on the assessment of the International Agency for Cancer Research (IARC), which classified the active ingredient as “probably carcinogenic” in 2015. The Bayer Group always emphasizes that glyphosate is safe when used properly and relies on a large number of scientific studies.

At the end of 2017, the EU Commission extended the approval of glyphosate by five years and now has to make a new decision. A first round of talks is to take place in September and then the EU member states will be involved. Against this background, the EU Commission commissioned the assessment group for glyphosate (consisting of the testing authorities in France, Hungary, the Netherlands and Sweden) to prepare a draft of the risk assessment. This 11,000-page draft was submitted to the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) in mid-June 2021. A final recommendation from EFSA can be expected in the second half of 2022 after the submission has been examined

Jianzia’s change after 5 years confused doctors, because her eyelashes are now even close to the chin. However, the woman is only grateful because this is a “gift from God” after 1 and a half years of going to the mountain to practice. “The first time I noticed my eyelashes growing long was in 2015. They just kept getting longer and longer.” she said. “I went to the therapist, but they couldn’t say anything more than exclaim that this is amazing. I tried to understand the problem from a scientific perspective, such as genetics, but there was no one there. My family has long eyelashes like me. I can’t explain it.” “While pondering, I remembered that I had spent 480 days of meditation in the mountains many years ago. Therefore, this could be a gift from heaven to me.” Jianzia admits she believes in spirituality more, and says that long eyelashes help her look younger and healthier. “My health is very good now, while I was weak when I was young. Not only have I gotten stronger, but I have also been praised by many people for being young.” , she said happily. Unique long eyelashes make makeup more convenient. “Thanks to the long eyelashes, I don’t need eyeshadow or eyeliner. And because they are natural, washing my face or living is easy. Sometimes I carelessly break a few strands, but they are still growing, even long. more than five years ago,” she shared.

Theme 2021 – Strength beyond all odds What is albinism? Albinism is a rare, non-contagious genetic difference that is inherited from birth. In almost all types of albinism, both parents must carry the gene for the inheritance, even if they do not themselves have albinism. The condition is found in both sexes regardless of ethnicity and in all countries of the world. Albinism results in a lack of pigment (melanin) in the hair, skin, and eyes, leaving the skin vulnerable to sunlight and light. As a result, most people with albinism are visually impaired and prone to skin cancer. There is currently no cure for the absence of melanin pigment. Singer and model Connie Chiu was born in Hong Kong. As the fourth child in a Chinese family, she is the only one born with albinism. Connie and her family moved to Sweden, where she grew up studying art and journalism. (Photo: OHCHR) It is estimated that in North America and Europe 1 in 17,000 to 20,000 people have some form of albinism. The condition is much more common in sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 1 in 1,400 people affected in Tanzania and a high prevalence of 1/1000 for certain populations in Zimbabwe and other specific ethnic groups in South Africa. Health challenges of people living with albinism The lack of the pigment melanin makes people with albinism very susceptible to skin cancer. In some countries, the majority of people with albinism die of skin cancer between the ages of 30 and 40. Skin cancer is preventable when people with albinism enjoy the right to health care, including the right to regular checkups, the use of sunscreen, sunglasses, and sun-protective clothing. In some countries, these ‘lifesaving’ means are not readily available or very difficult to reach for those with the disease. Thus, in a developing world, people with albinism have been and are among the “farthest left behind”. The United Nations emphasizes the need to target human rights interventions in the manner envisioned by the Sustainable Development Goals. Due to a lack of melanin pigment in the skin and eyes, people with albinism often experience permanent vision loss. (Photo: Eyes on Europe) People with albinism and human rights People with albinism face many forms of discrimination. Albinism is still deeply misunderstood, both socially and medically. The physical appearance of people with albinism often makes them objects of alienation due to false beliefs and superstitions that have existed for centuries. Such misconceptions are still present in attitudes and practices around the world. This makes people with albinism even more marginalized and excluded. Independent UN expert on the rights of people with albinism The United Nations Human Rights Council passed a resolution in 2013 calling for the prevention of attacks and discrimination against people with albinism. Furthermore, in response to calls from civil society organizations to support the designation of people with albinism as a specific group with special needs requiring special attention, the Council adopted the mandate Independent Expert on Human Rights of People with Albinism. In June 2015, the Human Rights Council appointed Ms. Ikponwosa Ero as the first Independent Expert on the human rights of people with albinism. An albino child parades through the streets of Harare during World Albinism Awareness Day 2016. (Image: AP) Violence and discrimination against people with albinism Although it is reported that people with albinism globally face stigma and discrimination, information about cases of physical attacks targeting people with albinism mainly comes from present in African countries. People with albinism face more severe forms of discrimination and violence in those areas, where most of the general population is relatively dark-skinned. In other words, a greater degree of contrast in pigments generally leads to a higher degree of discrimination. Albinism is a rare, non-communicable condition that is inherited at birth. The disease is found in both sexes, regardless of ethnicity, in all countries of the world. (Photo: UN) There have been hundreds of assaults and murders with albinism reported in 28 countries in sub-Saharan Africa over the past decade. The attacks have several root causes including longstanding stigma, poverty and harmful practices stemming from beliefs in the wizarding world. The alarming fact is that these horrible practices continue to this day. The way in which people with albinism face discrimination, and how severe it is, varies from region to region. In the Western world, including North America, Europe and Australia, discrimination often includes name-calling, persistent teasing and bullying of children with albinism. There is little information from other regions such as Asia, South America and the Pacific. However, some reports indicate that in China and other Asian countries, children with albinism face abandonment by their families. Quynh Hoa According to United Nations

The project “Research and production of biochips based on DNA microarray technology for the diagnosis of some human diseases”, belongs to the Program to develop a number of high-tech industries managed by the Ministry of Industry and Trade. The goal of the project is to master the technology of manufacturing biochips based on DNA microarray; to produce biological chip sets that meet the quality standards of in vitro diagnostic biological products – IVD; At the same time, these biochips can be applied to clinical diagnosis. BIMEDTECH officials and employees implement the project To implement the project, BIMEDTECH collaborated with leading units such as the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, the Central Lung Hospital and the Cardiology Institute – Bach Mai Hospital to conduct surveys of known gene mutations. found in biochips of international production and a number of new or specific genetic mutations in humans and pathogens in Vietnam that are associated with diseases: thalassemia, 17 bacterial strains non-tuberculosis (NTM) and clopidogrel-resistant patients in patients undergoing cardiovascular intervention. Along with that, BIMEDTECH has invested in building a clean room system and the world’s leading advanced and modern equipment and machines into the factory in the Hi-Tech Park of Ho Chi Minh City. BIMEDTECH has signed cooperation agreements with high-tech companies in the United States and Europe to receive technology transfer for the production of DNA and Protein Microarray, the foundation for developing products for the diagnosis of a number of diseases in Vietnam. people. Take the lead in mastering technology With the support of the program, BIMEDTECH team has developed 3 products: BIMEDCHIP Thalassemia Detection Kit for diagnosis and treatment of thalassemia. This is the first in vitro diagnostic kit product made in Vietnam that allows simultaneous detection of many mutations causing congenital anemia including alpha and beta – thalassemia in just one test with accurate results. , fast time to get results with suitable cost. Thalassemia is a group of inherited anemias. Vietnam is a country with a high prevalence of thalassemia in the world: About 3% of the population carries the thalassemia gene, the prevalence is about 0.5-1% for the Kinh ethnic group, and a high increase of 10-25% in the Kinh population. some hill tribes. Early diagnosis and treatment of thalassemia reduces morbidity and mortality from thalassemia. Next, is BIMEDCHIP Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria Panel Kit for TB diagnosis. This kit provides results quickly, in as little as 6 hours, compared to traditional culture methods that can take weeks. Providing fast and accurate results helps medical staff to provide effective and timely treatment regimens, bringing benefits to patients. In particular, BIMEDCHIP Cardiovascular Drug PGx Testing Kit allows to detect whether a patient has changes in genes related to liver metabolism of Clopidogrel, Statin, Sinthrome drugs or not in a single test, thereby helping medical staff choose the right dose or drug for each patient, bringing the best effect for drug use. The successful implementation of the project is expected to contribute to improving the current limited production of medical equipment in Vietnam, meeting the increasing health care needs of the community, and at the same time. making an important contribution to the successful implementation of the Program on the development of a number of high-tech industries.

How do jellyfish form? Ms. Miranda Lowe, curator of the Natural History Museum, in London, England, said the life cycle of most jellyfish species is similar. As hermaphrodites, jellyfish have two gonads, male and female, located in the longitudinal gastric tube symmetrically across the gastric plane. Normally, a jellyfish goes through five stages in its life. First, the adult jellyfish will “lay” eggs and sperm into the water. These two cells combine to form a fertilized egg in water. The fertilized egg develops into a small larva, called a planula. It looks like a microscopic worm and can move freely through the water. The planula will look for a solid surface, such as the seabed, for shelter. During this time, it will develop a digestive system and be able to feed itself. Thanks to the right water and temperature conditions, the planula will turn into a polyp. Polyps sprout, multiplying themselves into large clumps that look like giant bushes. When the right conditions are met, the polyps release into many young jellyfish. After the jellyfish is produced, the polyp changes to a younger polyp form. Young jellyfish continue to grow into adults. Despite their unique beginnings, most jellyfish have a short life span, usually from a few hours to several months. Some species can live for several years. However, the immortal jellyfish (scientific name: Turritopsis Dohrnii) is outside this rule. The secret of “tricking” Death The Immortal Jellyfish is a jellyfish-like waterfowl, of the phylum Cnidaria, commonly found in the Mediterranean Sea or the Sea of ​​Japan. It is shaped like a bell, with a diameter of about 4.5mm. The membrane of this jellyfish is quite thin, except for a little thick at the top. Their stomachs are relatively large, bright red in color. Young jellyfish are 1mm in diameter and have only 8 tentacles evenly spaced along the edge, while adults have 80-90 tentacles. Immortal jellyfish can reverse their life cycle when injured or starving to death. This means they could theoretically last forever. When physically damaged or under stress from starvation, the adult immortal jellyfish will transform the body’s tissues and circulatory system back to a polyp state. Because of the loss of tentacles and the ability to swim, polyps again settle to the sea floor. Over the next 24 – 36 hours, this polyp will develop into a new polyp, located in the early stages of the jellyfish. Then gradually, this polyp will hatch into a jellyfish. This phenomenon is compared to the life cycle of a butterfly. Instead of dying, the butterfly can transform back into a caterpillar and then from the cocoon, it will spread its wings again. The process behind the “rebirth” of the immortal jellyfish is a process of differentiated transformation, which is extremely rare in animals. According to research by scientists, cells in adult jellyfish and cells in polyps are different. The process of adult jellyfish shrinking into polyps allows it to form a new body, different from its original form. But the new adult jellyfish and the old jellyfish are genetically identical. Reversing the life cycle can be repetitive. In perfect habitat conditions, immortal jellyfish will never die of old age. Ms. Miranda commented: ‘We can be too focused on the large jellyfish. But little animals like this can provide a lot of great science about jellyfish and the natural world.” Diagram of the life cycle of a jellyfish. Faint existence Scientists think that the immortal jellyfish likely existed in the oceans long before the dinosaurs went extinct about 66 million years ago. But research on this animal only began in the 1980s. Immortal jellyfish were first discovered by scientists in 1883, but it was not until 100 years later, in 1980, that people accidentally discovered their immortality. University students Christian Sommer and Giorgio Bavestrello collected polyps from immortal jellyfish and watched them until the polyps turned into jellyfish. As immortal jellyfish mature, they assume that they must reproduce before they die. But unlike other species, they quickly turn back into polyps and settle to the bottom of the tank. Through observation, the two students realized that when under stress, this jellyfish would fall to the bottom of the tank and transform without fertilization or becoming a planula. This discovery led scientists to name the jellyfish Turritopsis Dohrnii the immortal jellyfish. However, not always immortal jellyfish can “fool” Death. They are the prey of many other animals such as sharks and turtles. The polyps of the immortal jellyfish are also defenseless against the pursuit of sea slugs or crustaceans. It is difficult to find out how long the immortal jellyfish can live. Immortal jellyfish are very sensitive, so laboratory studies are also fraught with challenges. Despite the difficulties, Mr. Shin Kubota, a Japanese scientist, has been raising immortal jellyfish since the 1990s. He commented that taking care of them is very time-consuming. Every day, he has to monitor the water temperature, the ambient temperature, the salinity of the water. The species’ favorite food is shrimp eggs, which must also be crushed. Kubota’s research shows that, in about two years in captivity, the immortal jellyfish have “rejuvenated” about 10 times. This jellyfish has a relatively secretive lifestyle, so their development is difficult to detect. Small size, translucent color, so immortal jellyfish are hard to see with the naked eye. Another reason the immortal jellyfish’s existence is overshadowed is that their existence does not have a negative impact on the environment. Also, in the treasure of human knowledge, the immortal jellyfish is still a mystery to be discovered in the future.

Counseling, general screening to enhance detection, diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the community for people in Muong Lat district. Ms. Nguyen Thi Loc, Head of Population Division, Sub-Department of Population and Family Planning, said: Pre-marital health check-up has many benefits, limiting the incidence of birth defects. Congenital defects inherited from parents, typically hemolytic anemia. Besides, the pre-marital health check will help to promptly treat sexually transmitted diseases; help doctors to assess fertility and support the treatment of reproductive-related diseases in a timely manner. However, indifference to pre-marital health check-ups is a limitation of the majority of young people today. In fact, many people have long been afraid of getting a medical check-up before marriage, because they are afraid that if they find out the disease will affect the happiness of the couple, some people even think that they only have to suspect each other. . All these thoughts have invisibly created barriers, making the meaning of pre-marital health check-ups a fear and obsession for many young people. Aware of the important role and practical significance of pre-marital health check-ups, over the years, the Provincial Department of Population and Family Planning has implemented many activities to raise awareness about health for young people. including the model “Pre-marital health examination and counseling”. Up to now, the model has been expanded to 46 communes in 8 districts: Ba Thuoc, Lang Chanh, Nhu Xuan, Thuong Xuan, Dong Son, Ha Trung, Trieu Son, Thieu Hoa, attracting more than 1,700 people in the age group. and youth participate in activities. In order to promote the model effectively, the Provincial Sub-Department of Population and Family Planning has directed the district health centers to guide the health stations to coordinate with mass organizations, especially the Women’s Union and the Youth Union, to establish The club serves as a place to propagate the meaning and importance of pre-marital counseling and medical examination. Not only promoting propaganda, the model also organizes free medical check-ups for couples who are about to get married, especially, giving priority to those from poor and disadvantaged households. Thereby, couples will be given a general health check, tested for hepatitis B, and consulted if they need a more in-depth examination on reproductive health (SS). As a result, the models have really become a bridge, helping young people to exchange, exchange and consult on issues related to reproductive health/family planning, heterosexual friendship, love, and sex. safety, prevention of unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS and issues to know before marriage. Ms. Nguyen Thi Mai, Binh Luong commune (Thu Xuan) shared, through pre-marital health club activities, seminars and knowledge counseling on gender, reproductive health, marriage and family… , I have accumulated more knowledge about reproductive health care and the need for pre-marital health checks. Therefore, when she was about to get married, she actively asked her boyfriend to go to a medical facility for a health check. Talking to Mr. Nguyen Van Thang, Director of the Provincial Sub-Department of Population and Family Planning, it is known: This is a practical model, helping many young people have the opportunity to access knowledge about pre-marital health care. At the same time, the model has also contributed to raising awareness of the Party committees and authorities at all levels about the work of population and family planning, and reproductive health/family planning care for adolescents and young adults. The model has held hundreds of seminars, attracting thousands of participants; organize propaganda conferences on reproductive health and premarital health for district and commune population steering committees and officials in charge of population and family planning in the districts in which the model is deployed and coordinated health centers. with the Committees of Population and Family Planning of the communes and townships to organize health check-ups and counseling on the risk of giving birth to children with disabilities or deformities for couples preparing for marriage; hepatitis B testing and ultrasound for couples preparing to get married; establish pre-marital health clubs and maintain activities once a quarter to exchange knowledge about healthy male and female love, safe sex, prevention of sexually transmitted diseases, suitable contraceptive methods, safe abortion… Through the activities that helped young people become more aware of the benefits of pre-marital health care, many of them actively sought out Go to a medical facility to check your health before getting married. In the coming time, along with the implementation of the pre-marital health examination and counseling model, the Provincial Department of Population and Family Planning will continue to focus resources and effectively implement projects to improve quality. population, building and consolidating a network of information, counseling and RH/FP care services so that more and more young people know and come to the pre-marital health examination and counseling model. From there, equip yourself with knowledge about love, marriage, family, reproductive health care… to create a happy life for yourself and your family.

Lack of sleep is also the reason for dark circles under the eyes. Lack of sleep: This is the leading cause of dark circles under the eyes. Because, not sleeping enough, staying up late regularly makes blood not circulate, lack of oxygen, the skin is not supplied with enough nutrition, thereby forming dark circles under the eyes and gradually causing wrinkles. . What are the causes of dark circles under the eyes and how to treat them? Constantly staying up late makes the skin under the eyes dark circles Genetics: According to the results of studies, there are many people with thin skin under the eyes or with many small blood vessels, the excessive distribution of melanin is due to genetics of parents. Due to lack of water: When the body lacks water, the blood vessels under the sensitive skin in the eyes will swell, causing puffiness and darkening. Due to a lot of sun exposure: The ultraviolet rays of the sun will stimulate the melanin pigment under the skin to increase. Due to smoking and using stimulants: Excessive use of tobacco, alcohol, and coffee causes blood vessels to constrict, causing poor blood circulation, causing wrinkles and dark circles under the eyes. Due to eating nutrients: Poor diet, little water intake, the body will react and that is manifested in the dark eye area. Cure eye bags with salt water Salt water can help you get rid of dark circles under your eyes. Step 1: First, prepare 1 teaspoon of salt (you can use large-grained salt or iodized salt) and dissolve it thoroughly with 100ml of hot water. Step 2: Wait for the mixture to cool completely, take a cotton ball or cotton pad and dip it into the prepared ingredients. Step 3: Next, wash your face with warm water to remove any remaining sebum on the skin. Step 4: After completing the steps, take a cotton pad and apply it in a circular motion to help blood vessels circulate best. Note: Never let water get into your eyes. Step 5: Perform continuously for about 10-15 minutes, then use a towel wrapped with ice cubes to apply a few more times to finish the beauty process.

You can use rice water to whiten your teeth at home. Erosion of tooth enamel is the cause of yellow teeth. Over time, the enamel covering the tooth surface will wear away, exposing the pale yellow dentin underneath. The following causes can also cause teeth to become yellow: Weak tooth enamel is inherited from relatives. The patient uses the antibiotic tetracycline – a drug to treat infections, but inhibits tooth enamel, causing teeth to become discolored and yellow. People with diseases related to breathing, diabetes, heart disease,… Signs of yellow teeth may be a sign that your health is not good, so pay attention to the color of your teeth. and seek medical attention promptly. How to whiten teeth with rice water Not only has the ability to whiten skin, help skin stay youthful and rosy, but rice water is also an extremely effective at-home teeth whitening ingredient. Because it contains a lot of vitamin PP, rice water has a clear effect in whitening teeth, disinfecting the throat and improving bad breath effectively. Teeth whitening with rice water is extremely convenient, easy to do, and cost-free. A few notes when applying the following method: You wash the rice for the first time to remove impurities clinging to the rice. Note do not use this water. Then continue to wash the rice a second time, rub it vigorously so that the vitamins and nutrients from the rice dissolve in the water Your job now is simple, just use a brush dipped in water to wash rice and brush evenly on your teeth. Should maintain this habit more often during the day to quickly achieve results.

The light-emitting glasses device helps visually impaired patients locate and touch the book on the table. (Source: nytimes.com) On May 24, a group of scientists announced that they had partially restored the vision of a blind man, by injecting light-sensitive proteins into one eye. The study was published in the journal Nature Medicine. This is the first study to describe the successful use of this new treatment. The patient participating in the trial of the new treatment is a 58-year-old French man who is completely blind due to retinitis pigmentosa. With the help of a special type of glass, he was able to see some objects from a narrow perspective such as notebooks, pin boxes, glass shards… The study’s authors say the trial – the result of 13 years of continuous work – has reached an important milestone for more effective treatments in the future. Dr José-Alain Sahel, an ophthalmologist at the University of Pittsburgh and the Sorbonne in Paris, said: “Clearly this is not the end of the road, but an important milestone.” Dr. Sahel and other scientists have been trying for decades to find a cure for inherited forms of blindness. These genetic disorders rob the eye of essential proteins needed for vision, causing the light-sensitive cells to degenerate. When light enters the eye, photoreceptors capture these rays. They then send an electrical signal to neighboring cells, called ganglion cells, which are responsible for transmitting information. vision from photoreceptors to the brain via the optic nerve. In previous studies, researchers were able to treat a form of genetic blindness known as Leber congenital blindness, by correcting a faulty gene that can cause photoreceptors to gradually become impaired. degenerate. But other forms of blindness cannot be treated so simply if the retina has completely lost its photoreceptors. “Once the cells are dead, you can’t fix the gene error,” says Dr. Sahel. For these diseases, Dr. Sahel and other researchers tested a new, more radical approach. They used gene therapy to turn ganglion cells into new photoreceptors, even though these ganglion cells normally don’t pick up light. Scientists are taking advantage of proteins derived from algae and other bacteria that can make neurons sensitive to light. Ed Boyden, a neuroscientist at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) who is a pioneer in the field of optical genetics, thinks the use of proteins to cure blindness has taken him by surprise. “So far, I’ve only thought of optical genetics as a tool primarily for scientists, because it’s being used by thousands of people to study the brain,” he said. But if optical genetics were used for medical purposes, that would be extremely exciting.” Dr. Sahel and colleagues realized that the photogenetic proteins created by Dr. Boyden were not sensitive enough to produce images from normal light entering the eye. Amplified light also cannot be used to shine into the patient’s eyes, as this will damage the delicate tissues of the retina. So they selected a photogenetic protein that is only sensitive to amber light and inserted it into ganglion cells in the patient’s retina. Next, the researchers invented a special device that transforms visual information from the outside world into an amber light that the ganglion cells can perceive. They created goggles that scan the field of view at a rate of thousands of times a second and record any pixel where the light changes. The goggles then send a pulse of light from that pixel into the eye. The method can produce images in the brain, the researchers say. Our eyes naturally roam around in small movements many times a second. With each movement, these pixels change the light level. However, it is still an open question whether blind people can learn how to use this information to identify objects. About this Botond Roska said: “The brain has to learn a new language.” After testing gene therapy and goggles on monkeys, Dr Roska, an ophthalmologist at the University of Basel, co-author of the study, and colleagues are ready to test it in humans. Their plan was to inject the gene-carrying virus into the eyes of each blind volunteer who signed up for the new gene therapy, then wait a few months for the ganglion cells to develop the photogenetic proteins. They will then instruct the volunteers on how to use the goggles. However, they have only coached one volunteer due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. The 58-year-old man has been wearing goggles at home and while walking. One day, he realized that he could see pedestrian lines on the road. When the pandemic subsided in France, scientists continued to test his eyesight and discovered that he could still reach and touch a notebook on the table, identifying swapped glasses. The results of the electroencephalogram (EEG) showed that his brain was indeed responding to the visual signals from the eye. Currently, Dr. Sahel and colleagues are bringing in other volunteers to test and further refine the new treatment technique.

Head skin While you’re very concerned about applying sunscreen, the scalp is a bit more of a problem unless you’re bald. Hair alone is not enough to protect the scalp, especially if you have light colored hair. Experts believe that skin cancer hides between the lines on your scalp. One way to protect oily skin from harmful UV rays is to wear a hat that covers your head to reduce your risk of developing skin cancer. You can also choose to spray sunscreen to allow the cream to penetrate your scalp. Palms and feet The tops of the hands and feet are more exposed to the sun, but that doesn’t mean the palms and soles are immune to skin cancer. While it’s a rare condition that mostly affects people of color, it doesn’t mean it’s impossible. So pay attention to any changes in the color of the skin around these areas. Fingernails and toenails Malignant tumors that form on fingernails and toenails can cause the skin in these areas to darken or change. They can also be a breeding ground for squamous cell carcinoma, which manifests as red, rough, or thickened nodules on the skin that may be hidden. In this situation, however, sun exposure is not the only factor, genetics and trauma also play a role in developing the skin cell disorder. Eyelid According to the British Journal of Ophthalmology, 10% of skin cancers are found in the eyelids. You may not have noticed, the eyelids are the most exposed area to the sun, but often overlooked when you apply sunscreen. So don’t forget to apply sunscreen to your eyelids. You can also wear sunglasses and a hat whenever you’re out in the sun. Genitals Believe it or not, sun exposure isn’t the only factor in skin cancer. Squamous cell carcinoma, which can affect the skin adjacent to the genitals, is thought to be associated with human papillomavirus infection. It usually goes undetected unless you regularly check for abnormalities. So the best way to reduce your risk of papillomavirus-related cancers is to practice safe sex and talk to your doctor about getting vaccinated.

The story begins with Apu’s grandfather. At that time, the problem of not having a fingerprint was not considered a serious matter. Until now, the disease was considered a condition that could only be found in a few families worldwide. Speaking to the BBC, Apu said: “At that time, my family and I did not think the problem of not having fingerprints would be inherited and affect future generations.” For decades, fingerprints have been considered the most collected biometric data in the world. Fingerprints are used in many fields, from airport check-in to voting, smartphone opening and Identity verification. No fingerprints: it doesn’t seem to affect the body, but it leads to many inadequacies In 2008, when Apu was a child, the Bangladeshi government adopted a national identification card for all adults and the database required fingerprints. Since there were no fingerprints, the staff stamped the line. “NO FINGERPRINT” (NO FINGER) on Apu’s card. Apu’s fingertips have no fingerprints. Photo: BBC In 2010, fingerprints were required for passports and driver’s licenses in India. After several attempts, Apu was able to obtain a passport by presenting a certificate from the medical board. However, Apu never used it, partly out of fear of problems he might run into at the airport. Moreover, motorbike is a necessary means of transportation to work, Apu has not yet been granted a driver’s license. “I paid the fee, passed the exam but they didn’t give me the degree because I couldn’t provide my fingerprints,” Apu said. Because of the problem of not having a driver’s license, Apu often had to pay fines when the traffic police checked the papers. Despite bringing medical documents to prove her condition, Apu still did not receive sympathy and had to pay a fine. However, the trouble did not stop there. In 2016, the Indian government required fingerprint authentication against the national database to purchase sim cards for mobile phones. And of course, Apu can’t match because it doesn’t have a fingerprint. Currently, Apu and other men in the family are using Apu’s mother’s phone sim. Anu Sarker, Apu’s younger brother, also had a problem with no fingerprints. Photo: BBC Findings from research on this extremely rare condition A rare condition that affects the Apu family is called Adermatoglyphia. This condition first became known in 2007 when Peter Itin, a Swiss dermatologist, was contacted by a woman in the country who informed her that she was having difficulty entering the US. The girl was 20 years old at the time, her face matched the photo on her passport but customs officers could not take her fingerprints because she did not have one. On examination, Professor Itin discovered that the girl and eight other members of her family had the same strange condition – flat fingers and decreased number of sweat glands in the hands. Working with other collaborators Professor Itin examined the DNA of 16 family members. The results show that 7 people have fingerprints and 9 people do not. The condition is isolated and rare, reported in only a few families worldwide, Professor Itin said. In 2011, Itin’s team conducted research on the SMARCAD1 gene and found that the gene was mutated in nine non-fingerprint members of the woman’s family. This is the cause of the absence of fingerprints. However, at that time, the gene problem was not studied in depth and the condition did not affect the health of the sufferer other than affecting the hands. After the discovery, the researchers took the name Adermatoglyphia to name this condition. Adermatoglyphia affects several generations in a family and is hereditary because it is caused by a genetic mutation. Professor Itin determined the status of the Apu family could be secondary Adermatoglyphia. However, more genetic testing and research is needed to confirm it. Recently, after completing the procedure and presenting medical documents, Apu received a new type of identification card issued by the Bangladesh government. This type of card uses retina scan and facial recognition data to verify identity. However, Apu has yet to obtain a driver’s license or buy a sim card and the process of obtaining a passport remains a dilemma for him.

No longer keeping the correct figure like when she was a girl, but Phan Nhu Thao is fortunate to maintain a lovely, gentle appearance that “flatters” her eyes. Besides, the mother-of-one also owns bright, smooth, flawless skin. This is also one of the advantages that helped the once-popular long legs maintain their attraction to the public. The appearance may not be equal to anyone, but the skin of Phan Nhu Thao is the dream of many women. Her fair skin tone, no need to cover up makeup shows that she takes good care of her skin. Recently, however, the beauty born in 1988 made the online community surprised when she showed quite a few defects on her bare face. Compared to the image a while ago, everyone noticed a clear difference. Appearing in the livestream, Phan Nhu Thao continued to leave her bare face as usual. However, it is not difficult to see that the 8X beauty’s skin is no longer as shiny and smooth as before. And instead of hiding it, she also confidently said that because she was exposed to the sun all day, her skin became red, and freckles also appeared quickly. Although it does not affect the appearance too much, this has caused Phan Nhu Thao to lose the title of the best rustic face. It is known that Phan Nhu Thao is on a beach trip with her family. Although the mother-of-one used sunscreen carefully, it must have been a long and long exposure to the sun without a hat to protect her skin. This is also a wake-up call to the sisters, if you only “rely on” every sunscreen without other supportive skin protection measures, you will certainly also face the appearance of spots. blackhead. Causes of freckles Freckles are one of the benign dermatological diseases, do not cause pain, itching, stinging or rarely can develop into cancer cells. However, brown spots often appear scattered on the cheeks, hands, neck … will affect the aesthetics, making women self-deprecating in appearance. The overproduction of melanin is the main cause of freckles. In fact, this pigment has the ability to protect the body from the penetration of ultraviolet rays and oxidants. However, overproduction of melanin causes dark spots. Some of the main causes of melanin hyperpigmentation are genetics or direct sun exposure. Women with fair skin or blonde or red hair often have genetic genes that make them prone to freckles. Meanwhile, even though there is no genetic inheritance, if you are continuously exposed to sunlight for a long time, brown spots and freckles will appear more and more. A simple way to treat freckles (mild condition) For women who have mild brown spots on their skin that are just beginning to appear, you can apply home remedies that are both economical, safe and easy to implement. 1. Treatment of freckles with aloe vera Aloe vera is a natural ingredient that has the ability to restore, moisturize, and regenerate the skin. Use pure fresh aloe vera to apply on the skin with defects, after a short time, you will see the brown spots are blurred, the skin is also brighter and smoother. Using aloe vera 3 times a week, about 15 minutes each time will help improve skin condition effectively. 2. Treatment of freckles with garlic Garlic contains ingredients including vitamins and essential minerals such as calcium, magnesium … as well as allicin, which has strong antioxidant capacity and helps to inhibit the growth of harmful cells. Therefore, garlic is especially effective for new freckles. Using garlic by pressing pure to get water and mixing it with filtered water to dilute the solution also helps to slow down the aging process, the skin will keep its youthfulness and elasticity. Do not use garlic to treat freckles more than 3 times a week to avoid damaging the skin. When using this mask, massage your face gently so that the nutrients penetrate deep inside. How to treat freckles (severe condition) effectively If you have applied home remedies for freckles but still do not work, you should go to the beauty center or spa for more effective intensive treatment. 1. Laser freckle treatment As a familiar freckle skin treatment method, it uses a low-energy laser system to create micro-holes in the skin as well as affect the epidermis to decompose melanin cells. Then combine other treatments such as microdermabrasion and some topical creams such as hydroquinone. Thanks to the laser, topical creams can be better absorbed into the skin. Normally, women need to treat 4-6 times to get rid of freckles on the skin, the cost of each treatment is more than 2,000,000 VND. 2. Treat freckles with Mesotherapy Mesotherapy is a treatment that uses chemicals and nutritional ingredients directly into the skin to be treated, in order to overcome many skin defects, including freckles. With freckles, the doctor will use ingredients such as: Kojic acid, vitamin C, Glutathione, hyaluronic acid, … to inhibit melanin pigments, stimulate the production of elastin and collagen to help nourish the skin from deep within. , helps skin become more even-toned, bright and full of vitality. A course of freckle treatment with Mesotherapy lasts about 8-10 times, lasting 30 minutes. After the treatment is over, your skin will be noticeably different.

Clinical trials of the Pfizer vaccine showed up to 95-96% effectiveness against invading coronaviruses. According to the New York Times , each batch of Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine with 7.5 million doses is produced in 60 days. The most advanced mRNA technology The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine uses mRNA technology. This vaccine is recommended by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) for use in people 12 years of age and older. The SARS-CoV-2 virus carries proteins that allow it to enter human body cells. These proteins – known as spike proteins – are the subject of research in the production of vaccines and drugs to treat Covid-19. Coronavirus. Photo: New York Times. Pfizer-BioNTech’s vaccine is based on the genetic makeup of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to create artificial protein spikes. Vaccines use messenger RNA (mRNA), a type of genetic material that human cells process to make proteins. The messenger RNA molecules are very fragile, so they will be broken down by natural enzymes in the human body if injected directly into the human body. To protect the mRNA in the vaccine, Pfizer-BioNTech wraps the mRNA molecules in an oil bubble made of microscopic fat particles. mRNA molecule. Photo: New York Times. Due to their unstable nature, the mRNA molecules in the vaccine will be degraded at normal temperatures. Therefore, vaccines of Pfizer-BioNTech need to be stored at deep cold temperatures, at least -70 degrees Celsius or less. To keep the vaccine of Pfizer-BioNTech stable, special containers are required, including dry ice, heat sensors and GPS trackers. Inject vaccines into the body After vaccination, the molecular particles in the vaccine will collide and fuse with human body cells, releasing mRNA. Human body cells will read the genetic content contained in the mRNA and from there produce protein spikes. The mRNA molecule from the vaccine is eventually destroyed by human cells forever. Vaccine molecules interact with cells. Photo: New York Times. Some protein spikes will form spikes, which rise to the surface of the cell and protrude outward. Cells that have been affected by the vaccine also break down the protein into small pieces on the surface. The protein spikes protruding from the cell, and the protein molecule on the cell surface, will eventually wake up the human immune system. When cells that have interacted with the vaccine die, their fragments contain many protein spikes and protein fragments. These fragments will be picked up by a type of immune cell called molecular antigen-presenting cells (APCs). APC cells activate helper-T cells. Photo: New York Times. Fragments of protein spikes will stick to the surface of APC cells, until helper-T cells detect these fragments. The helper-T cells then trigger the immune system to produce antibodies against the coronavirus. Antibody production Other immune cells, called B cells, can collide with the coronavirus spike protein on the surface of the cell that has interacted with the vaccine, or the floating protein spike debris. Some B cells can adhere to protein spikes. Helper-T cells activate B cells that help produce antibodies. Photo: New York Times. When B cells are activated by helper-T cells, they begin to produce antibodies that attack the spike protein. Antibodies neutralize corona virus. Photo: New York Times. The antibody produced will attach to the spike protein of the invading corona virus. Antibodies mark the virus for later destruction by the body’s immune system. More importantly, the antibody prevents the viral spike protein from attaching to the healthy cells of the human body. To destroy the virus, APC cells activate another type of immune cell called cytotoxic-T cells. This cell is responsible for finding and destroying cells that have been infected by the virus through the signal of protein spike fragments on the surface. Cytotoxic-T cells destroy infected cells. Photo: New York Times. Remember information about corona virus Pfizer-BioNTech’s vaccine is given in two doses, 21 days apart, to help the immune system work most effectively against the corona virus. But because of the lack of time to study, scientists cannot be sure how long the immunity created by the vaccine will last. Preliminary research shows that within 10 days of receiving the first dose, the vaccine begins to build a strong immune system against the virus. It is likely that, after several months of vaccination, the number of antibodies and cytotoxic-T cells will gradually decrease. But the immune system also contains special cells that store information about the corona virus for years, even decades. Each vial of vaccine contains 5 injection doses of 0.3 ml. Vaccines need to be thawed and diluted with saline. After dilution, the vaccine must be used within 6 hours.

However, Siamese fish do not become such vivid “works of art” on their own. The color and shape of the fins of this fish are the product of a millennium of breeding. According to Yi-Kai Tea, a PhD student at the University of Sydney who studies the evolution and characteristics of fish species, “Literally, the development process of this fish is almost the same. with the domestication of dogs”. A new study, published in April in BioRxiv, finds that humans began domesticating Siamese fish at least 1,000 years ago through sequencing the species’ genome. During a millennium of careful breeding and crossbreeding, Siamese fish are now extremely diverse in appearance. However, this also means that wild, purebred individuals of this species must undergo major genetic changes. The authors of this study say that by sequencing and conducting genetic studies of the Siamese fish, they can gain a lot of information about how it was domesticated, bred, and genetically modified. The Siamese’s intricate coloration and “matchy” fins are the product of a millennium of carefully selected breeding. Yi-Kai Tea hailed it as “the first major study to help identify the genetic basis of beauty” in this fish. All 73 species of Siamese fish are native to Southeast Asia. But the most common species sold in aquarium stores and markets is the fighting fish. This strain is much more colorful than most other purebred varieties of the Siamese family. “The purebred Siamese will often look very different from the ornamental Siamese,” said Young Mi Kwon, a researcher at Columbia University and lead author of the study. “They have short fins, are somewhat duller in color and lack the prominent fin walking commonly seen in ornamental Siamese breeds.” While domesticated Siamese are usually very aggressive and do not live together, their domesticated individuals have a more peaceful disposition. “This may be because the Siamese aquarium lines were originally domesticated for fighting, like fighting cocks,” Kwon added. Siamese fish has a history of 1,000 years. In the late 19th century, breeders began to focus on creating varieties of ornamental fish, which later became extremely popular in the West. “This history has shaped the ornamental Siamese fish we see today, a truly magnificent fish with a fiery temperament,” commented Kwon. To determine the exact history of the formation of the ornamental Siamese fish we see today, Kwon and his colleagues collected DNA samples from purebred Siamese and house-raised Siamese fish, and then proceeded to analyze them. their genome sequences. “We were surprised by the evolution of the Siamese fish that lasted at least 1,000 years ago, which makes it one of the oldest known fish,” Kwon said. While previous studies have shown that Siamese fish were bred as early as the 13th century, recent discoveries have proven that they began to be bred long before that. The study also highlights why breeders are able to create dozens of different varieties of Siamese by color, from red, yellow and blue, to Siamese with large fins, small fins and even multiple colors per individual. Just imagine the new shape of a Siamese fish, it can completely be created and exist in reality. “Many traits, which breeders are selecting for, are regulated by very few genes that have a great deal of influence,” Kwon said. “This means that it won’t take a lot of cross-breeding to get them to have their own characteristics or traits that you want your fish to have.” The researchers also found that ornamental Siamese fish are genetically distinct from purebred Siamese fish. However, they were surprised to discover that the ornamental Siamese had crossed with purebred fish. This crossbreeding may have been the result of the Siamese being released into the wild, which could potentially undermine efforts to preserve the purebred of this fish. “The ornamental Siamese fish will most likely dominate the natural environment, if they are more suitable to the habitat than the purebred fish,” Kwon emphasized. Many purebred Siamese fish breeds are in danger of extinction and the main cause is habitat loss. By studying in more detail the evolutionary history of this fish, the researchers hope to improve our understanding of how other species are bred and genetically engineered. Although much remains to be learned such as how crossbreeding affects Siamese fish, genetic engineering has resulted in the creation of many splendid Siamese fish of stunning colors and shapes that were previously available. This may never have existed. Sapphire According to the New York Times

This exercise does not require much movement, but it is very effective. Lie flat with your face down on the floor, arms under your head, and legs stretched out behind. Bend right knee and place foot on left leg. Raise your knees as high as you can, but don’t move your hips. Repeat several times, then switch legs. Move 2 This exercise needs to prepare a pair of weights weighing about 2.5 – 3.5 kg. Stand up straight with feet shoulder width apart, knees slightly arched, keeping the dumbbells in front of your thighs. Lower the upper body until it is parallel to the floor. Then, return to the starting position and repeat the above movements a few times. You can also lift the weight of the dumbbell to about 4 – 6kg to perform the following movements: Squatting with arms straight and back slightly arched. Next, lift weights, combined with lifting your buttocks and pushing your hips forward. Finally lower the dumbbells down and complete the above movement. Movement 3 Lie down, face up on the floor. Raise your legs, bend knees, and touch soles of your feet together. Then extend your legs to the sides as far as possible. Next, pull the leg back while keeping the tension on the inner thigh. Movement 4 Pillars on the floor with hands, knees and back straight, abdomen tightened. Raise and bend knees outward. Then kick straight leg to the right direction, then pull back and switch legs similarly. Do this 15 times. Movement 5 Lie flat with your face facing the floor, arms extended to the sides. Bend your right knee while keeping your left leg straight and several centimeters above the floor. Raise your left leg until it is as high as your right leg and the entire body is in a straight line from knee to shoulder. Then return to the starting position, switch legs, and repeat. To improve the effectiveness of keeping the buttocks beautiful, you need to coordinate exercise with diet and sedentary lifestyle changes …

Office tree frog Rhacophorus vanbanicus in the wild. The Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology said that the Institute’s scientists, in collaboration with Russian and German scientists, have discovered and described three new species of tree frog in Lao Cai and Ha Giang. Based on analysis of morphology, molecular genetics and bio-sound, a team of researchers from the Vietnam Museum of Nature, Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, under the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology and Researchers from the Serbian Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences and the scientists of Cologne Zoo, Germany have discovered and described three new species of tree frogs including Rhacophorus vanbanicus, Zhangixalus franki and Zhangixalus jodiae. The table frog species Rhacophorus vanbanicus Kropachev, Orlov, Ninh, and Nguyen, 2019 Named after the standard sampling site in Van Ban district, Lao Cai province, Vietnam at an altitude of 900m, with evergreen forest habitat on high humidity rocky mountains with frequent fog and drizzle. The table frog frog features a brown back with two green stripes on the back from the back of the eye to the groin and forms a green triangle at the top, the underside of the thighs yellow-orange with 5-7 characteristic black nodules. This species is of medium size with an adult male body length of about 34.8 mm, head width less than head length. This finding is published in specialized journals Russian Journal of Herpetology. Zhangixalus jodiae in nature (A & B), and front and hind limbs (C & D). Goat tree frog species Zhangixalus jodiae Nguyen, Ninh, Orlov, Nguyen, and Ziegler, 2020 Named after Dr. Jodi Rowley – The Australian Museum for her outstanding contributions to the study of amphibian classification in Asia. This species was found in Quan Ba ​​district, Ha Giang province. In terms of morphology, the new species has an average body length in the range of 36.1-39.8 mm, the width and length of the head are equivalent, the tip of the snout is round, with the teeth of the cane leaves; front and hind limbs have swimming membranes; blotchy green back, cream-colored armpits with large black spots, groin and anterior-posterior part of thigh with alternating black and orange spots. Genetically, the new species is on the same branch as Z. nigropunctautus, Z. yaoshanensis, Z. pinglongensis and Z. chenfui. Z. jodiae had the closest genetic distance to Z. pinglongensis was 3.57%. Biological tones were recorded at 17.3-20.9 degrees Celsius with each vocal lasting 1.1 seconds and consisted of six notes, each note about 6 milliseconds, the distance between two notes about 15 milliseconds. . The dominant frequency is 2.0kHz. The notes of a voice have variable amplitude, with the last note having the smallest amplitude relative to the other notes. The discovery of this new species of frog was published in the journal Journal of Natural History. Standard specimen of Zhangixalus franki (A & B) and a drawing of anterior and posterior swimming membrane (C). Species Frank tree frog – Zhangixalus franki Ninh, Nguyen, Orlov, Nguyen, and Ziegler, 2020 named after the late German professor, doctor, veterinarian and amphibian conservationist Frank Mutschmann in honor and recognition of his support in amphibian research and conservation projects. residing in Vietnam. The new species can be distinguished from other species in the Zhangixalus genus based on a combination of the following characteristics: large body (from 77.9-85.8 mm in males), a blue dorsal surface with spots small dark brown, with white stripes separating the upper face and lower face of the body, developed parotid glands. This species was found at an altitude of 1,300 m in Quan Ba ​​district, Ha Giang province. The typical habitat is tropical evergreen forest on the mountains. Genetically, the new species in the same branch is most closely related to the Z. duboisi species, the genetic distance between the two species is about 2.51%. Findings about this species were published in the journal European Journal of Taxonomy.

Moles are spots that appear on the skin. They are usually brown, black, or red. Outwardly, they are usually raised or flat, smooth or rough, and some have hair growing at the mole. Moles are usually round or oval in shape with a soft border. Most moles are benign. A few moles date from birth, most appear in the first 30 years of life. Moles are the epidermal cells that are made up of melanin, which are the cells that contribute to the color of the skin. They tend to darken in color if exposed to more sunlight or during pregnancy. There are many factors that increase the risk of developing moles, such as sun exposure or some people at high risk of developing moles. According to scientists, genes determine a lot about the number of moles or how they will develop in your life. If it’s hereditary, you will have lots of moles for no reason. As you said, you are at risk for moles or genetics. Moles that were previously bleached do not regrow, but develop moles elsewhere on the face. So if you continue to bleach, there is a chance that you will have new moles again. If you are removing moles, then be careful of sunscreen your newly removed skin. Eat healthy foods, eat lots of fruits rich in vitamin C, avoid water, cosmetics, chemicals on the mole removal skin for the first few days …