The picture shows the research results.Photo courtesy of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinanews.com, Kunming, May 24 (Reporter Hu Yuanhang) Why does the rose have thorns? This is a topic that has not been systematically and clearly resolved for a long time in the scientific community. Based on genomic and genetic analysis, a research team led by the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, proposed a new hypothesis of the function of “spur water storage”, which filled the gaps in the early functional research of skin thorns. Related research results were published online in the comprehensive journal National Science Review with the title “A genomic link in China roses: and they all lived prickly but water deficient ever after?”. Prickles refer to sharp protrusions formed on the epidermis or cortex of plants. They are usually considered to be the defensive adaptive tissues of plants to protect plants from animals, pathogens or mechanical damage. The “thorny rose” reminds people that although a rose is beautiful, beware of its thorns. Many plants such as Rosaceae, Leguminosae and Rutaceae have prickles on their stems, leaves and fruits, but the function of prickles in the early developmental stage has not been revealed yet. The genetic mechanism and ecological significance of prickles development of the rose genus of Rosaceae native to China have not been systematically and clearly analyzed for a long time. The picture shows the research results.Photo courtesy of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Recently, the plant molecular genetics and adaptation research team of the Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences has cooperated with the Southwest China Wildlife Germplasm Bank and the Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences team to use the ancient Chinese rose thornless leaf rose (Rosa wichuraiana Basye’s Thornless, BT) and Moon powder (R. chinensis Old Blush, OB) and its hybrid F1 and backcross BC1F1 generation genetic populations are used as test materials. Comprehensive use of comparative genomics, molecular genetics and evolutionary biology methods to analyze the genetics of rose thorns Regulation mechanism. The research team first used scanning electron microscopy to compare the early development of BT and OB prickles and found that the lack of BT prickles may be an abnormality in the initial ability of prickly development. After two consecutive years of phenotypic analysis based on the F1 and BC1F1 generation populations of BT x OB, it was found that the heredity of rose thorn density was incompletely dominantly controlled by four genetic loci, and finally two loci were mapped. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the genetic regulation mechanism of rose thorn development, the team constructed a high-quality reference genome at the diploid BT chromosome level, conducted a comparative genomic analysis of BT and OB, and found that the thorn density may be related to water adaptation. To further explore this hypothesis, the team also conducted a series of physiological tests on 41 genotypes of rose. Compared with the epidermis and leaves, the prickles of the old branches can be more water-enriched, and the degree of enrichment is higher in the young prickles; the moisture content of the prickles in the older branches is significantly reduced; this phenomenon is not only It appears in modern cultivated lines and ancient Chinese rose germplasm, and it is also consistent in wild roses and other materials. Based on this, the research team puts forward the hypothesis that the young skin spines are likely to have a water storage function. “Although this hypothesis requires more genetic evidence, it completes the chain of research on the biological functions of prickles: that is, young prickles are mainly used for water storage, while mature prickles are mainly used for defense and water loss. “Scientists said that this research not only promotes the analysis of the genetic mechanism of rose thorn development, but also facilitates the development of rose biology and the cultivation of new germplasm, but also provides a new understanding of the production and maintenance mechanisms of new plant traits. Perspective. (Finish)

Distinguishing between Trump and Biden In an article published in March 2020, CNN posted an image of former President Trump crossing out the word “Corona” and changing it to “Chinese” before the word virus in a note at a meeting with the task force against COVID-19. The American newspaper at the time asserted that this was an attempt by the President and some in the administration to distract the public from his failure to control the spread of the COVID-19 disease in the US. At the same time, many other American newspapers quoted a series of statements from the White House public health advisers asserting that it is inappropriate and inaccurate to associate SARS-CoV-2 with the name Wuhan virus. “Ethnicity is not the cause of the virus that causes COVID-19” , Forbes quoted Alex Azar – US Secretary of Health and Human Services at that time said. A photo shows the word “Corona” removed and replaced with “China” in Trump’s COVID-19 announcement. Sheet Vox Trump’s association with COVID-19 by geographical location is dangerous because it arouses xenophobia. CBS News stressed that the US leader’s statements related to the “Chinese virus” only fueled a wave of discrimination against Asian Americans. According to statistics from the database website Factbase, Trump used the phrase “Chinese virus” more than 20 times between March 16 and March 30. Before a series of criticisms from the media and public opinion, he did not mention this phrase but never “reduced” when he asserted that there was evidence that nCoV escaped from the Wuhan laboratory many months later. Unlike his predecessor, not long after taking office, President Biden signed an executive order banning COVID-19 contacts by geographical location. A few weeks ago, the hypothesis that COVID-19 leaked from the Wuhan laboratory became hot again when the Wall Street Journal It was reported that 3 researchers from the Wuhan Institute of Virology were hospitalized for treatment in early November 2019. The American newspaper confirmed that these people had “symptoms similar to COVID-19 disease”. A few days after the information Wall Street Journal Posted, President Biden directed the US intelligence community to intensify efforts to investigate the origin of COVID-19 and report to him within 90 days. This move of the American leader was welcomed by the US media. A series of American newspapers began to seriously analyze the possibility of the virus escaping the laboratory, citing experts who emphasized the need for a scientific investigation into this matter. CBS News Quoting former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice, it was a mistake to prematurely dismiss the theory that COVID-19 leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan. While New York Times said many scientists welcomed President Biden’s call for a more extensive investigation of the Wuhan lab. Many other newspapers are racing to publish information about the report of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, California, USA on the origin of COVID-19 which emphasizes the hypothesis that the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaked from a laboratory. China’s experiment in Wuhan is correct and needs further investigation. The same problem, but at two times, the way the American media reported under two presidents seemed different. Although compared to 1 year ago, the hypothesis that COVID-19 escaped from the Wuhan laboratory is only one more episode like Wall Street Journa l posted. Intelligence agencies around the world, including in the US, have yet to make any official conclusions about the origin of nCoV. Trump supporters criticize American media. Many opinions say that anti-Trump sentiment makes many newspapers lose their objective view when they only focus on going against what the US leader claims. The US has never given up investigating the origin of COVID-19 Even under Trump or Biden, the US has never given up on the investigation into the origin of COVID-19. Washington criticized China for denying international investigators access to the Wuhan lab and for failing to explain some of the inconsistencies in the hypothesis that the virus jumped from animals to humans. The Wuhan Institute of Virology became the focus of the investigation into the origin of COVID-19. (Image: Shutterstock) According to the sheet DW of Germany, the United States is taking every opportunity to remind the world that China is responsible for the entire current world mayhem. Whether it’s Trump or Biden, they want the American people to believe that the disease that has claimed more than 600,000 American lives originated in China and they have done everything to find the truth that Beijing hides. Blaming China also alleviated people’s dissatisfaction with the government’s shortcomings in putting in place anti-epidemic measures. It is undeniable that China has fought COVID-19 well and soon brought the epidemic under control. Beijing is also busy promoting its success story and drowning out international criticism for its “leaving” nCoV to the world. But China’s lack of transparency has also fueled speculation that Beijing is hiding something. This provides fertile ground for conspiracy theories. “Unfortunately, we are experiencing a situation in which the question of the origin of COVID-19 and different strategies in fighting the pandemic becomes the subject of a propaganda war between the US government and the US government. and China” , said German scientist Felix Wemheuer. Experts say that while trying to refer to China as an irresponsible country that spreads the disease but consistently denies it, the US has built itself as a leader in finding the truth, ready to stand up for justice. The US claims to blame China for COVID-19 are also against Beijing’s propaganda efforts that the virus did not originate in the country. After successfully controlling the epidemic, China began to shift public opinion from criticism aimed at the country to Beijing’s contributions in the pandemic. Beijing once hypothesized that the virus may not have originated in China after a study published in 2020 showed that antibodies against COVID-19 or a variant were detected in Italy in 2019. China also called called WHO to investigate the hypothesis that the virus leaked from laboratories around the world, referring to the possibility that the pathogen may have been brought by US military personnel to Wuhan, China in October 2019. If it is proven that COVID-19 came from a laboratory in Wuhan, the US will destroy the image that China has built and pressure Beijing to shoulder the burden of vaccination for the world. The US accusations against China may also give other countries a stronger voice in demanding an investigation into the origins of COVID-19 under the umbrella of US protection. In fact, British intelligence recently suddenly changed its opinion, from thinking that the virus theory leaked from the laboratory “unlikely” to saying this hypothesis is “absolutely possible”. For the US, an investigation into the origin of the epidemic could become a lever to increase pressure on China and be part of a competition for influence between China and the West. If it can obtain evidence of Beijing’s cover-up of the pandemic, Washington can use that as leverage in negotiations. Is the investigation being politicized? Under pressure from the US, China and WHO officials repeatedly called on Washington to stop politicizing and “poisoning” the investigation into the origin of COVID-19. Experts fear the US-China blame game for the origin of the epidemic threatens scientific investigations. (Photo: SCMP) “US efforts to politicize research on the origins of COVID-19 seriously undermine international cooperation and create difficulties and obstacles for efforts to combat the virus and save lives.” Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman stressed. According to the DW The fact that the US is using COVID-19 as a “scapegoat” as well as the way China is not really transparent about providing information at the beginning of the outbreak are turning science into a political victim of the pandemic. . The world’s two largest economies are stuck in a blame game, fueled by theories about the origins of COVID-19. Experts fear this could distort the investigation into the origin of the epidemic, which is expected to be based on science. “Analysts are under political pressure to stick to the theory that the virus leaked from the lab,” he said. analyst Jeffery Wright said. Dr Mike Ryan, head of WHO’s health emergencies programme, once affirmed that “science needs to be central and science will find the answer”. Unfortunately, the WHO’s statements seem to be losing some weight due to earlier accusations by the Trump administration that the WHO is a “puppet of China” and that the organization is China-centric. Doubts with the WHO also increased when the organization’s investigation into the origin of COVID-19 in March did not come to a clear conclusion. The investigative report mentions the theory that the virus leaked from the laboratory but claims this scenario is “extremely unlikely”.

The hypothesis that the COVID-19 pandemic can originate from the Wuhan Institute of Virology is of great interest to the world. (Photo: CNN) Where is the “birthplace of COVID-19”? The laboratories at the Wuhan Institute of Virology are classified as the safest, or biosafety level 4 (BSL4). They are formulated to control dangerous bacteria and viruses that can cause serious diseases for which there is no cure or vaccine. The researchers here are all well-trained professionals and equipped with protective gear. “ The laboratory is equipped with an HVAC feeder system so viruses cannot escape through the exhaust, all wastes are treated with chemicals or high temperatures to ensure that no (pathogens) are still active. dynamic “, said Dr. Gregory Koblentz at George Mason University. In addition to the Wuhan Institute of Virology, there are still 59 similar scientific research institutions in the world. Meanwhile, there are no international standards specifying the level of safety, security and responsibility in the preservation of disease-carrying specimens at these facilities. The possibility of problems in these labs is entirely possible. This rate is even higher for the thousands of lower-level laboratories than the Wuhan research facilities scattered around the world. The laboratories at the Wuhan Institute of Virology are classified as the safest. (Photo: CNN) Man-made disaster A prime example of a disaster stemming from a laboratory accident is the human H1N1 virus. After the terrible pandemic of 1918, in 1977, the H1N1 epidemic once again leaked from the laboratories of the Soviet Union and China, then spread all over the world. In 2001, a mentally disturbed employee of a scientific laboratory in the US spread anthrax spores across the country, killing five people. In 2004, two Chinese researchers exposed to the SARS virus became the source of infection, one of the infected people died. In 2014, the US Food and Drug Administration discovered that some samples carried smallpox at risk of being released. Lynn Klotz, a senior fellow at the Center for Arms Control and Nuclear Nonproliferation, warned that scientific labs have posed many public health threats in history. history, and a similar situation is likely to repeat itself in the future. “ Human error accounts for more than 70% of laboratory incidents “, said Mr. Klotz. A prime example of a disaster stemming from a laboratory accident is the human H1N1 virus. Is Wuhan bat research dangerous? GOF research involves editing pathogens to make them more contagious, more dangerous, or easier to evade vaccines and treatments, all with the aim of improving measures against these pathogens. this disease. GOF has long been an area of ​​intense controversy. The US government, the largest funder of research on the link between COVID-19 and bats in Wuhan, disagrees with several independent scientists. They could not agree on whether this work should be classified as a GOF study. Epidemiologist Marc Lipsitch expressed concern about studying the SARS-CoV-2 virus in bats: I am afraid that it will create a new strain of virus that, although not deadly if infected by the laboratory staff, will cause a new pandemic.” . “ This research is unnecessary and does not contribute to drug or vaccine development ‘, said Professor Richard Ebright at Rutgers University, a longtime GOF expert. The US government also banned GOF research in 2014. The ban was relaxed in 2017, under which some cases will be considered to be allowed to operate based on the application of the research. However, the review process has been criticized as lacking transparency and unreliable. Leading US health experts Francis Collins and Anthony Fauci of the National Institutes of Health have denied the research on COVID-19 and Wuhan bats is of the GOF category, but independent scientists disagree with this. their statement. The US government is the largest funder of research on the link between COVID-19 and bats in Wuhan. (Photo: AP) There is currently no clear scientific evidence on whether the virus that causes the COVID-19 pandemic leaked from a laboratory. However, there is some indirect evidence in favor of this hypothesis: Wuhan is only about 1,600 km north of the bat cave containing the SARS-CoV-2 virus, scientists from Wuhan are also known to often frequent visits to bat caves to take samples. Alina Chan, an expert in molecular biology at the Broad Institute, said the SARS-CoV-2 virus does not grow quickly after infecting people. This is one of the signs that the virus came from the lab. Ms. Chan added that the research on the SARS-CoV-2 virus will not be abandoned even after the pandemic ends. On the contrary, this study can be further extended in the future.

On May 26, the Biden administration directed US intelligence officials to take a closer look origin of SARS-CoV-2 , including theories such as animal-to-human transmission and lab leaks. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has so far infected more than 172 million people globally and caused more than 3 million deaths. (Photo courtesy: AFP) To date, the most comprehensive look at the origins of Covid-19 is a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) published on March 30 by an international team of researchers who traveled to China to Investigate the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, weeks later, many countries around the world have expressed concern that investigators have not had access to adequate data, while scientists say the report clearly shows how the virus develope. “The quick and obvious answer is not possible, as it normally takes years to trace the source of the virus. But in this case, I think we have enough evidence to make some hypotheses about SARS-CoV-2,” said Angela Rasmussen, a virologist at the Center for Global Health Science and Security at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Georgetown University Health, said. In the WHO report, the team found that it is possible that SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted from one animal to another before it was transmitted to humans. They also looked at evidence supporting the hypothesis that the virus was transmitted directly to humans from the original host animal, or that the virus spread through the frozen food supply chain. In addition, the research team said that the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan (China) is “very unlikely”. Below are the evidences for each of the four hypotheses about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 that the WHO report makes. 1. Direct animal-to-human transmission WHO assesses direct transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from animals to humans as a “probable” possibility. The SARS-CoV-2 virus originated in an animal, possibly a bat, and then spread to humans. The WHO report provides evidence that the majority of coronaviruses that infect humans come from animals, including the virus that caused the 2003 SARS outbreak. Bats are thought to be the most likely animal to cause it. epidemics of Covid-19 because they are hosts of a virus that is genetically related to SARS- CoV-2. The WHO report acknowledges the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 spread to humans from pangolins or ferrets. However, David Robertson, a virologist at the University of Glasgow, said that the WHO team of scientists had sampled many animals other than bats for study, and the analysis showed that bats are a natural reservoir for the virus. SARS-CoV-2. 2. Transmission from animals to humans through an intermediate host According to WHO, the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals to humans through an intermediate host is very high. In the event that SARS-CoV-2 was not transmitted directly from bats to humans, the scientists believe the most likely hypothesis is that the virus first spread through another animal species, such as a ferret or ferret. pangolin. Unlike bats, these animals are in constant contact with humans, especially if they are raised on farms or during the illegal wildlife trade. If SARS-CoV-2 was initially transmitted to another animal, that could also explain how the virus adapted to harm humans, although Robertson said the virus probably won’t change much. Genome analyzes show that SARS-CoV-2 is a virus specifically adapted to humans, which explains why it can be easily transmitted between pangolins, ferrets, cats and other species. other animals. The WHO report indicates that this is the route that previous corona viruses have taken to infect humans. For example, the SARS virus is believed to have passed from bats to civets before causing an epidemic in humans in 2002. Meanwhile, the virus that causes MERS has been found in camels throughout the Middle East. Daniel Lucey, an infectious diseases specialist at Georgetown University Medical Center, said that the similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and coronavirus families like SARS and MERS are a compelling argument that the strain type This virus can be transmitted in the same way. However, if this hypothesis is correct, it remains unclear what the intermediate host for the transmission of the virus from animals to humans is. The WHO team analyzed samples from thousands of domestic animals across China, all of which tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Mr. Lucey said that the WHO team did not adequately examine mink raised in China, one of the suspected intermediate hosts. 3. Transmission through frozen food WHO assesses the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 transmission through frozen food is probable. Another theory is that the virus can be transmitted to humans through the cold supply chain, the supply chain that distributes frozen food. In this case, the virus may have originated outside of China but spread into the country through the surface of the food packaging or in the food itself. This hypothesis gained interest in the summer of 2020 after several outbreaks in China. Since then, there has been some evidence that pathogens can survive longer at cold temperatures. However, while cold supply chains may play a role in new outbreaks, scientists say there is little reason to think that is the source of the pandemic. There is no direct evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes food-borne outbreaks, while Rasmussen noted that SARS-CoV-2 is rarely spread through surfaces. . “It is not an impossibility. This possibility cannot be ruled out. But I think the current evidence is not enough to show that,” Ms. Rasmussen said. 4. Leaks from the lab According to WHO, the possibility of the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaking from the laboratory is extremely unlikely. The most controversial theory about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is that the virus leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan, where scientists studied coronaviruses in bats. WHO scientists point out that there is little evidence that the virus leaked from the laboratory. An employee works at the laboratory of the Wuhan Institute of Virology (China). Photo: AFP There are 2 possibilities of the SARS-CoV-2 lab leak hypothesis, that is, a researcher was accidentally infected in the laboratory or the researchers intentionally invented a corona virus strain to create SARS. -CoV-2. However, the researchers completely rejected the second possibility that SARS-CoV-2 was created by genetic evidence that the virus arose spontaneously. WHO focuses on the possibility that the virus accidentally escaped from a laboratory where wildlife samples are being studied. Although there have been laboratory leaks in the past, the WHO report indicates that these are very rare. According to the WHO report, there is no record of any laboratory in Wuhan working on a virus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 before the first cases of Covid-19 were diagnosed. diagnosed in December 2019, nor have any laboratory staff reported symptoms of Covid-19. An article by the Wall Street Journal on May 23 stated that three researchers from China’s Wuhan Institute of Virology became ill in November 2019 and were hospitalized with “symptoms consistent with both Covid-19. -19 and seasonal flu. However, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian on May 25 denied this information. When the WHO report was released in April, Mr. Lucey believed the hypothesis was plausible, although less likely than animal-to-human transmission due to the lack of evidence. Lucey pointed out that there was no forensic investigation of the Wuhan labs. “There really isn’t any way to prove or disprove the lab leak theory based on what is presented in this report,” Ms. Rasmussen said, noting that, to address the issue, A forensic examination of the laboratory is required to find the origin of SARS-COV-2. According to expert Robertson, supporters of the virus lab leak hypothesis argue that SARS-CoV-2 has spread too quickly and effectively in humans to become a virus of natural origin. But if SARS-CoV-2 is a “smart” virus, according to genomic studies, Robertson said, it is not surprising that it infects humans so quickly and so strongly.

Professor Marc Lipsitch, professor of epidemiology at the Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health, said the scientists signed a letter published in the journal Science to call for the attention of the scientific community. “What we’re saying is that the available evidence doesn’t rule out a laboratory origin of COVID-19, nor does it rule out a natural origin. And there’s really no solid evidence either. It’s just that. There’s quite a bit of evidence lacking right now, and we’re calling for it to be addressed because it’s such an important question,” said Prof. Meanwhile, the Business Standard on May 29 said that since last year, Professor Angus Dalgleish (British) and Norwegian scientist Birger Sorensen have come to a conclusion about the possibility that “the SARS-CoV-2 virus originated from To confirm their position, the two scientists published a 22-page paper in the journal Biophysical Discovery, explaining that, in the course of their research Researching the vaccine, they discovered “special traces” that the virus was not of natural origin.The clue was a row of four amino acids, which generate a positive charge and bind to negative human cells. . “The law of nature is that you can’t have four positive amino acids in a row. The only way to have this is to make it yourself,” commented Professor Angus Dalgleish. The article by these two scientists also affirms: “We now have no doubt that the SARS-CoV-2 virus was purposefully manipulated, forcing us to reconsider the We think there are retro-engineered viruses. They changed the virus, then tried to figure it out in sequence years ago. We’ve seen leaks. We know it’s happening in the lab, and we know it’s happening. We also know from the reports we’ve found that the coronavirus is studied in Biosafety Level 2 or 3 laboratories.” Both scientists are respected experts: Prof Angus Dalgleish is a professor of oncology in London known for his groundbreaking work on HIV vaccines while Birger Sorensen is a virologist and president of Immunor Pharmaceuticals, which is developing a COVID-19 vaccine called Biovacc-19. On May 26, US President Joe Biden ordered the country’s intelligence community to unravel the conspiracy theory that the virus leaked from a Chinese laboratory and must provide an answer within 90 days. Doubts Apparently, the hypothesis that the SARS-CoV-2 virus could be the result of a scientific experiment has heated up the debate among scientists about the operation of the safest biological laboratories in the world today. . The Wuhan Institute of Virology, which is suspected of leaking the virus, is a virology research institute managed by the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). Located in Jiangxia District, Wuhan, Hubei, Wuhan Institute of Virology has China’s first biosafety level 4 (BSL – 4) laboratory and has close relations with the National Laboratory. Galveston in the US, the Center International de Recherche en Infectiologie in France, and the National Microbiology Laboratory in Canada. Gregory Koblentz, director of Biodefense Graduate, revealed that BSL-4 is built to work safely and securely against the most dangerous bacteria and viruses that can cause serious illnesses for which there is no treatment or vaccine. : “There’s an HVAC filtration system, so viruses can’t escape through the exhaust. Any wastewater that leaves the facility is treated with chemicals or high temperatures to ensure that nothing remains alive. The researchers themselves are highly trained and wear protective clothing.” Statistics show that there are 59 BSL-4s around the world but there are no binding international standards for safe, confidential and responsible work with pathogens. The report, Mapping Maximum Biological Containment Labs Globally, shows that accidents can happen, sometimes in top-tier facilities, and more often in lower-level labs. For example, the human H1N1 virus – the same flu that caused the 1918 pandemic, was leaked in 1977 in the Soviet Union (former) and China. In 2001, a mentally disturbed employee at a US laboratory sent anthrax spores across the country, killing five people. Two Chinese researchers exposed to SARS in 2004 spread the disease to others, resulting in one death. In 2014, a handful of vials of smallpox were discovered during an office move by the US Food and Drug Administration. Lynn Klotz, a senior scientist at the Centers for Non-Proliferation and Control, has been sounding the alarm for years about the public safety threats posed by such facilities. “Human error accounts for more than 70% of errors in laboratories, adding that US researchers must rely on data from freedom of information requests to learn about incidents.” hey,” Lynn Klotz said. These incidents do not mean that COVID-19 has leaked from a laboratory and the fact that there is no scientific evidence to support the scenario yet, said molecular biologist Richard Ebright of Rutgers University. laboratory accident for this pandemic.

The lack of information raises more questions. Recently, 24 scientists sent a letter to the World Health Organization (WHO) asking for an independent and rigorous investigation because they thought that the international investigation to China in early February was not deep enough. US President Joe Biden on May 26 also ordered intelligence forces to “double efforts” to investigate the origin of the Covid-19 pandemic, including the possibility of a leak “from a laboratory accident”. While the theory that the corona virus leaked from the laboratory was “resurrected”, two competing groups of experts in the study of bat diseases in Wuhan became the target of criticism. The reason is that they are willing to ignore safety measures during research. Many new diseases in the past originated in bats. Photo: SCMP. “Batwoman” and Wuhan Institute of Virology Nicknamed “bat woman”, Dr. Shi Zhengli is a famous Chinese corona virus researcher. She has identified many strains of the virus similar to SARS (severe acute respiratory distress syndrome) over the years and forewarned of new pandemic risks. Thach’s laboratory at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) also discovered and studied viruses that are closely related to corona virus. However, the scientists point out that the two viruses are still decades apart in natural evolution. According to the report of the WHO expert team, Ms. Thach said that all field activities were carried out with full protective clothing, including N95 masks, overalls, visors, and gloves. However, in a speech in June 2018, Ms. Thach said that is not the case. “Most of the time, we’ll wear simpler protective gear, and that’s fine,” Thach said in her speech. That’s because most diseases in bats can’t be directly transmitted to humans, but can only be through intermediate animals, Ms. Thach explained. To illustrate, Ms. Thach showed the audience during the presentation a photo of her team casting nets to catch bats in the cave and sorting the samples. Some people on the team only wore medical masks and thin rubber gloves, while others used their bare hands and did not wear masks. “When are we going to strengthen the protective gear? For example, when there are too many bats in the cave or when there is a lot of dust when entering the cave,” Thach said. When the pandemic hit, Ms. Thach became quiet and appeared only occasionally. On February 2, 2020, she posted to friends on the social network WeChat and “swore on her life” that her lab was not related to the pandemic. Three months later, Ms. Thach continued to post denying rumors that she had brought intelligence files to the West, according to Global Times . Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: AFP. When suspicions fell on the WIV, Ms. Thach sent a statement to the scientific journal Science in July. She said the corona virus could not have come from the WIV because her team did not encounter this strain during research. In addition, every employee here has tested negative for corona virus antibodies. According to Ms. Thach, before the pandemic, her team “never exposed or studied this virus, and did not know of its existence”. But she also admitted that her lab has not yet sequenced the genes of every sample due to financial and human constraints. She declined to say how many samples remain unsequenced. In January, Thach’s laboratory was questioned even more after the US State Department announced that there were “reasons to believe” that some WIV researchers showed symptoms similar to Covid-19 in the fall of 2019. May, Wall Street Journal also cited intelligence reports that three WIV researchers had been so sick that they needed to be examined. Vien Chi Minh, WIV’s laboratory director, called this a “blatant lie” in response to state media. Bat explorer and Wuhan CDC CDC During this time, the Wuhan Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lab was less visible than the WIV. The WHO expert team’s report on the trip to the Wuhan CDC did not include notes on research safety measures. According to the report, the laboratory moved on December 2, 2019 to a location near the Huanan market – the market that was linked to the first cases of corona virus infection. “Such activity can disrupt the operation of any laboratory,” the WHO expert team said. However, the Wuhan CDC laboratory did not record any interruptions, according to the WHO expert. The Wuhan CDC is the place to monitor China’s initial response to the pandemic. At the Wuhan CDC, there is also a person who regularly works with bats – Dien Tuan Hoa. According to the Washington Post , in terms of position, Dien Tuan Hoa is a deputy technician in the pest control department of the Wuhan CDC. But Mr. Dien is known for being an aggressive adventurer when it comes to working with bats and insects. “He often goes to places that other people cannot find to get the necessary specimens,” a colleague said of Mr. Dien on a local TV station in January 2020. “He can confidently say that he can catch what others can’t.” Tian Junhua on a field trip to collect insects in Hubei province. Photo: China Daily. Using nets and traps, Mr. Dien’s team caught 155 bats in his home province of Hubei, and hundreds of bats in other areas for research in 2013. Mr. Dien was also a member of the team. discovered 1,445 new vertebrate RNA virus species. This result was published in a famous scientific journal Nature in 2016. Once, Wuhan CDC held an internal meeting with the theme “Learning from the achievements of Dien Tuan Hoa”. “No one can remember how many mountains he climbed, how many rivers he waded, how many bat caves he explored, how many stables he crawled, and how many landfills he had to search,” the CDC wrote of the event. However, Mr. Dien also admitted that sometimes he did not comply with research safety rules. In 2017, Mr. Dien told the state newspaper Wuhan Evening News that he once forgot his personal protective equipment, so he had to be isolated at home for 2 weeks after being shot in the body by bat urine. On several other occasions, he got bat blood on his skin while trying to control the animal with forceps, Mr. Dien said. On February 3, 2020, Mr. Dien’s team continued to appear in the journal Nature with early-stage clinical descriptions of a corona virus patient in Wuhan. The team’s research indicates that bats can be a host for pathogens. But when Covid-19 spread, Mr. Dien became quiet. March 2020, the state newspaper Health Times An anonymous source said Mr. Dien was not infected with corona virus. According to the article, Mr. Dien was in a bad mood because of rumors about whether he was patient zero. According to a report at the end of March by the WHO expert team, the Wuhan CDC denied storing or experimenting with bat viruses before the pandemic took place. However, in a video, Mr. Dien said he had been to dozens of bat caves and studied 300 types of virus vectors. Also from March, Mr. Dien no longer spoke in public. This highlights the challenge of an independent investigation into the origins of Covid-19: Many of the people who might have had key information in Wuhan are now silent. Mr. Dien continued to research during this time. In August 2020, Mr. Dien was a co-author on a study on ticks. Another of his November 2020 studies focused on antibiotic resistance genes in fish. Mr. Dien no longer speaks or publishes research on bats.

One theory is that the virus came from a bat-like animal. The virus then passes to another animal that has close contact with humans and infects them. The second theory suspects that the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaked from a chemical laboratory in Wuhan, China – where the first patient with Covid-19 was recorded. This hypothesis has been rejected many times, even by the WHO team of experts who came to Wuhan to investigate and rejected this hypothesis. However, in recent weeks, this question has been dug up again. Both of these hypotheses still have no reasonable answer, creating a controversy among scientists. The focus of public opinion The Wuhan Institute of Virology specializes in the study of pathogens in nature that are capable of infecting humans – causing novel diseases and high mortality. The Institute has collected many samples from wild animals for experiments to assess the vulnerability of humans to a variety of animal viruses. The institute has carried out numerous studies on bat viruses since the 2002 SARS outbreak, which claimed the lives of 774 people worldwide. Years after a strenuous search, scientists discovered a virus similar to the one that causes SARS exists in a bat cave in southwestern China. To reduce the risk of pathogens accidentally escaping, the facility had to enforce a series of stringent procedures, such as protective clothing or air filtration systems. However, even the most stringent measures cannot eliminate the risk of the virus leaking into the environment. Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli of the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: South China Morning Post. For some scientists, the spread of pathogens by a careless laboratory worker is a plausible theory that explains how the pandemic began. The Wuhan Institute of Virology is located right near the Huanan seafood market – the outbreak is considered the most likely to transmit the virus from animals to humans. The location between the two immediately raised suspicions. Many people are even more suspicious in the context that the animal that carries the disease has not been identified and the Chinese government repeatedly refuses to allow the investigation of the scenario that Covid-19 is a leaked product from a laboratory. The scientists developed the hypothesis based on concerns about the risks associated with laboratory research, clues in the virus genome, and information from the institute’s studies. The Wuhan Institute of Virology insists that its laboratory does not have a virus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 – the origin of the Covid-19 outbreak. This hypothesis was repeatedly rejected, and was forgotten for some time. Until May 23, Wall Street Journal Citing a confidential US report, it was revealed that in November 2019, before China reported its first Covid-19 cases, some researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology were hospitalized. . Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian stated on May 24 that the article was “completely untrue”. The ability to transmit viruses from animals to humans A larger number of scientists believe that the virus that causes Covid-19 is of natural origin because there is no scientific evidence to support the scenario of a leak from a laboratory. Kristian G Andersen, a scientist at Scripps Research, who has done extensive research on coronaviruses, Ebola and other pathogens transmitted from animals to humans, says similar natural gene sequences are present in viruses as well. corona. Many new diseases in the past originated in bats. Photo: SCMP. In addition, from a historical perspective, a number of new diseases that have emerged in the past century have been traced back to human interactions with wild and domestic animals, including SARS (bats), MERS-CoV. (camels), Ebola (bats or primates) and Nipah viruses (bats). However, under any scenario, there is not enough evidence to prove that the other scenario cannot happen. 24 scientists recently sent a letter to the World Health Organization (WHO) demanding a rigorous, independent investigation, arguing that an international investigation into China in early February was insufficient. deep. US President Joe Biden on May 26 also ordered intelligence forces to “double efforts” to investigate the origin of the Covid-19 pandemic and report the results of the investigation within 90 days.

Wuhan Institute of Virology, China. Photo: AFP 59 leading biological laboratories in the world The Wuhan Institute of Virology is among the most secure, often referred to as biosafety level 4, or BSL4. Such laboratory facilities are built to operate safely and securely against some of the world’s deadliest viruses and bacteria, which can cause serious diseases for which there is no cure or vaccine. . “There are air-conditioning filtration systems that prevent viruses from escaping through exhaust gases and wastewater, which are treated with chemicals or high temperatures to make sure nothing remains. at,” Gregory Koblentz, director of the Biosafety Program at George Mason University, told AFP. In addition, the researchers themselves are professionally trained and wear protective gear when conducting experiments. There are about 59 such biological laboratories around the world, a report co-led by Mr. Koblentz published this week said. “There are no mandatory international standards for safety, security and accountability standards for diseases,” the report said. Accidents can happen at any time Accidents can sometimes happen in even the world’s top facilities and are even more likely to happen in thousands of lower-end labs. The H1N1 virus – the same type of virus that caused the 1918 pandemic was leaked in 1977 in the Soviet Union and China, and then spread around the world. In 2001, a mentally challenged employee at an American laboratory sent parcels of anthrax spores across the United States, killing five people. Two Chinese researchers were exposed to the SARS virus in 2004 and spread the disease to others, killing one person. Lynn Klotz, a senior scientist at the Centers for Arms Control and Disarmament, has raised the alarm about the threat to the public from such experimental facilities. “Human errors account for more than 70% of errors in laboratories,” the researcher said. Controversy entitled “Strengthening the research function” There are controversies within the US government, which also funds the Wuhan coronavirus research program, and some independent scientists over whether gains of function – GOF) should be conducted. GOF studies focus on tailoring pathogens to make them more infectious, more dangerous, or easier to escape from treatments and vaccines – all with the aim of learning how to cope with them more effectively. This field has been going on for a long time. The debate heated up when, in 2011, two research groups showed that they could make avian influenza viruses more infectious in animals. Harvard epidemiologist Marc Lipsitch told AFP he was concerned that “would create a strain of the virus that, if it infects laboratory workers, not only kills the person but causes a pandemic”. “This study was not requested and does not contribute to the development of drugs or vaccines,” said molecular biologist Richard Ebright of Rutgers University, one of the strongest opponents of the type of research. this said. In 2014, the US government announced it would stop funding such research, but the process was criticized for its lack of transparency and trust. Late last year, a non-profit organization received funding from the US for research “to predict the risk of virus escaping from the laboratory” from corona virus in bats to humans in Wuhan. This week, before a question from Congress, experts Francis Collins and Anthony Fauci of the US National Institutes of Health also denied conducting activities to strengthen research functions.

Among them, it is impossible to ignore Okiku, also known as “Haunted Doll” in Japan. A series of terrifying phenomena with no explanation happened around this doll. Even though the story happened over 100 years ago, people still shudder at the mention of Okiku dolls. In Japan, people still talk about the legend of a doll that grows hair with the soul of a girl – the ghost doll Okiku. Close-up of Okiku doll that can grow hair There have been many legends about Okiku in the past, but the story that people spread widely is that it was bought by 17-year-old boy – Eikichi Suzuki for his sister in 1918. This doll was bought by her. 3 year old baby Kikuko loves it. Every day no matter where he goes, Kikuko takes it with him and even hugs it when he goes to sleep. After an incident of cold and high fever, little Kikuko passed away. From there, things started to get weird. For the past 100 years, Okiku’s hair has continued to grow, despite being trimmed once a year. If before, Okiku’s hair was just chin-length, now it’s knee-length. Although often cut short, but the hair does not stop growing. They think this is a sign that in the doll there is the soul of the little girl Kikuko. Mannenji temple in Hokkaido In 1938, Kikuko’s family decided to move to another place. They think the best way is to send it to Mannenji temple, in the town of Iwamizawa , Hokkaido. Also share its secrets with the monks. Since then, Okiku has remained in the temple. After hearing the legend of this magical doll, many people came here to see it, but they were not allowed to take pictures. The Okiku doll’s brain continues to grow and it could grow longer if the monks don’t trim it regularly. One of the monks at the temple said he started doing so after having a dream that Okiku asked him to cut her hair. So far, no one can explain why the doll’s hair keeps growing so long. Some sources also believe that the doll’s hair has been tested and concluded that it is a child’s hair, although this information has not been confirmed. The story of the Okiku doll has since become the inspiration for traditional Japanese novels, films and plays. Okiku dolls with their hair growing day by day are placed in the Mannenji temple in Hokkaido. Because dolls still exist to this day and the phenomenon of long hair still occurs. So many people have come up with many theories to try to explain from the scientific point of view this legend. The first hypothesis that came up was that some of the cells weren’t completely dead yet. The hair glue has inadvertently become a source of nutrition for these cells to continue to grow. However, this theory has a flaw that cannot explain why hair can grow to shoulder length. In addition, changes in temperature and humidity from the surrounding environment also lead to rapid hair growth. Besides, it is also said that the long hair is actually because the doll is built with long curls but only reveals a short part, the remaining hair is hidden in the doll’s head. However, these explanations are still not fully convincing because the doll’s hair is in fact neatly combed and tied – something that would not be possible if the doll’s head still had long hair. Although science is very advanced, but because of people’s spiritual beliefs, scientific researchers cannot access to carry out the necessary research to definitively explain the mysterious phenomenon. For that reason, up to now, all explanations have only been hypothesized. Okiku doll’s hair continues to grow and it can grow longer if the monks don’t trim it regularly. One of the monks at the temple said he started doing it after having a dream that Okiku asked him to cut her hair. To this day, no one has been able to explain why the doll’s hair keeps growing so long.

Researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: Daily Mail According to the Daily Mail (UK), this incredible mistake was revealed in a screenshot sent to a Chinese medical journal. The photo shows information about a 61-year-old woman, known as “patient Su”, who lives about a mile from one of Wuhan’s main virus research facilities. The woman was also near a train station along the high-speed rail line that played a key role in spreading the virus around the city of 11 million people. This latest finding was revealed through an interview by a medical journal with the scientist tasked with compiling China’s official data on cases. In an interview with Health Times, Yu Chuanhua, Professor of Biostatistics at Wuhan University, said there were 47,000 confirmed and suspected cases on the national database of COVID-19 by the end of the year. February 2020. Among these, there was a death of a patient at the end of September 2019. “There is data on a patient who became ill on September 29. The data shows that the patient has not been given a nucleic test and a clinical diagnosis. It is possible that this is a suspected case of COVID-19. The patient died. This data has not been confirmed,” added Mr. Yu. The data also shows that two other suspected COVID-19 cases were reported to doctors in Wuhan on November 14 and November 21, 2019, along with several other cases prior to December 8, the period. China informed the World Health Organization (WHO) of the first cases. Inside the Wuhan Institute of Virology, Hubei Province, China. Photo: AP The Health Times article includes screenshots of information of two suspected COVID-19 cases in November 2019 on the database of Professor Yu. Although the patient’s personal details have been obscured, some information can still be seen, including the hospital name and home address. Information shows that patient Su has been treated at Rongjun hospital in Wuhan. Both the home address and the hospital where this patient is being treated are in Hongshan District, Wuhan City, where many studies on SARS-CoV-2 virus related to bats have been conducted in laboratories. experience. The area where patient Su lives and is treated is more than 20 kilometers from the Huanan seafood market, which Beijing initially believed to be the source of the COVID-19 infection. The second patient discovered in November 2019 is a 62-year-old man named Wang, who is being treated at Hanyang Hospital. However, Professor Yu has requested that the information published in the newspaper be retracted, claiming that the dates were entered incorrectly and that all other suspected cases before December 8, 2019 need further verification. . Wuhan Institute of Virology, Hubei Province, China. Photo: EPA This detail was discovered by Gilles Demaneuf, a member of the Drastic digital operations team, who discovered many facts that are said to contradict the theory that COVID-19 is an infectious disease from animals. Chinese objects. “We were able to accurately determine the name, age, and address of the suspected COVID-19 case very early, almost a month before the first case was officially announced. This address is right next to metro line 2 and not far from the hospital that treated some of the other first cases,” Demaneuf said. The railway system, which carries 1 million people a day, is linked to a seafood market, the Wuhan Institute of Virology and an international airport, he said. Demaneuf argues that these new findings show that more clues can be accessed if there are continued and determined efforts to evaluate the hypothesis that the virus leaked from the laboratory. The Wall Street Journal last week also cited a US intelligence report that said three researchers from the Wuhan Institute of Virology were hospitalized for medical care in November 2019, a few months before China announced it. announced the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in this country. However, China has denied the above information. Beijing insists the WHO-led investigation team concluded after a visit to the Wuhan Institute of Virology in February that the possibility of a virus leak from the laboratory was “extremely unlikely”.

The Hebrew edition, published in 1988 with a run of 5,000 copies, quickly sold out and has not yet been reprinted. Jack Joseph Nicholson owns the cinematic rights to the book – which reads like one is mesmerized by the 1975 film One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, directed by Milo Forman, based on the 1975 film. novel of the same name by the late writer Ken Kesey. While the book was a bestseller, academia still mocked the “poisoned” theory. Historians believe that Napoleon Bonaparte died on 5/5/1821 of stomach cancer, hepatitis or syphilis. However, Swedish dentist and amateur toxicologist Sten Forshufvud came up with his theory in 1961 – two years before US President John Kennedy was assassinated and four decades before 9/11. 2001 – by which time mythical conspiracy theories became the norm. French Emperor Napoleon dominated most of Europe for more than a decade, leading France against a series of alliances; Source: wikipedia.org. The Weider-Hapgood-Forshufvud conjecture is based on Forshufvud’s analysis of Napoleon’s five hairs. The results of the laboratory analysis showed that the toxic level of arsenic (a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number33) ranged from normal to 38 times the average level. This clearly demonstrates that Napoleon was administered small amounts of Arsenic in different concentrations at different times during the 5 years before his death. It was Napoleon who raised suspicions, when he wrote in his will just three weeks before his death at the age of 51, “I was stillborn, murdered by the English butcher and assassinated”. The murder theory has gained traction over time, supported by advances in forensic science. Weider – a supporter of Napoleon’s thinking – in 1995, published after the first book with an extensive study on the same topic “The assassination of St. Helena rad review” (“Assassination at St. Helena Revisited”), which he and Forshufvud co-authored. While the two books have many fascinating details about Napoleon’s tragic final years, the central question remains – was the old Emperor murdered? The 200th anniversary of Napoleon’s death (1769-1821) – aka assassination – on May 5, the life and death of the puzzling man born on the island of Corsica into an Italian family of aristocratic descent This controversial detail is being reviewed. In contrast to history, in October 1815, Napoleon was exiled to the remote British island of Saint Helena, in the South Atlantic Ocean 1,776 km off the coast of West Africa, and died there in 1821. Napoleon had previously been imprisoned. deported to a place of youth exile on the Italian island of Elba, but escaped from prison, regrouped the Great Army la Grande Armée, and attempted to conquer Europe once more, but in the end, defeated by British and Prussian forces at Waterloo in 1812. Napoleon was, Weider argued, incapacitated on the outskirts of Brussels by his trusted aide General Charles Tristan, Marquis de Montholon (1783-1853). While ostensibly a loyal officer who followed Napoleon into exile in St. Helena, believed to be actually a spy who served as a bartender and manager of Napoleon’s liquor, put small amounts of arsenic in his favorite drink. The poison made Napoleon very sick, comatose and unable to think clearly. Over the years, little by little, poison accumulated and destroyed Napoleon’s stomach and digestive system. While the syrup, a standard ingredient in Mai Tai and many cocktails today, is made from sweet almonds, the fruit from bitter almonds can be toxic. While the wine Napoleon drank was produced in Domaine de Groot Constantia, present-day South Africa, Vader and his associates suspected that the marquis had forged antique wine before serving the former Emperor. Forshufvud and Weider observed that Napoleon tried to quench his unusual thirst by drinking large amounts of orgeat syrup containing cyanide compounds in almonds used for flavoring. They asserted that the potassium tartrate used during Napoleon’s treatment prevented his stomach from expelling these compounds, and that thirst was a symptom of intoxication. Their theory was that the calomel given to Napoleon became a drug overdose, killing him and causing extensive tissue damage. They had good reason to suspect the nobleman in the murder. While the Marquis de Montholon’s military service provided cover for him to follow Napoleon in the Emperor’s final exile, a thorough examination of his military record revealed some deception. Montholon claims to have been presented with an honorary sword from Napoleon during his victory at the Battle of Hohenlinden, 33 km east of Munich on December 3, 1800. In fact, the marquis did not participate in the campaign, as at the time, was facing expulsion from the army for corruption. Montholon was re-enlisted thanks to influential friends and family. Napoleon Bonaparte’s career and private life are still controversial; Source: wikipedia.org. Nine years later, at the Battle of Jena, Montholon claimed to be wounded. But his commanding officer insisted in a later affidavit that the incident did not happen. And then during Napoleon’s first exile in 1814, Montholon lost his mission to the Royalists after only seven days, after being accused of pocketing money to pay the army in Clermont-Ferrand. Although Montholon was an immoral character and while the arsenic in Napoleon’s hair may seem questionable, it should be noted that the poison was in common use in the 19th century for a variety of purposes. With France and Britain unable to agree on a procedure for burying Napoleon in France, his body was initially interred in St. Helena, after an inconclusive autopsy. In 1840, the British government authorized the return of Napoleon’s remains to France for burial at the newly built Dome des Invalides. His coffin was opened to confirm that it still contained the former emperor. Although nearly two decades dead, Napoleon’s body is still very well preserved and has not decomposed. There may also be a scientific explanation for Napoleon’s well-preserved body condition that may have supported the poisoning hypothesis. Arsenic is famous for keeping a corpse in good condition. However, Napoleon was buried in four sealed coffins. Another explanation is that saponification (whereby meat is converted to fat) is caused by the absence of oxygen. In a 1993 interview with The Jerusalem Report, Weider dismissed the story that Napoleon suffered one last humiliation apart from losing the battle at Waterloo. According to some documents, shortly after his death, an autopsy was carried out and Francesco Antommarchi, the doctor who conducted the autopsy, removed several parts of Napoleon’s body, including his penis. Weider denied that Napoleon had lost his “weapon”, explaining that the autopsy was carried out under military protection. No one reported that any body parts were missing. However, Dr. John K. Lattimer – a urologist – purchased the purpose amputation appendage from a collector in 1977 for $3,000. It is now owned by his daughter, who has been offered to sell for more than 30 times the original purchase price. The cause of Napoleon’s death is not known with certainty. And unless the DNA is compared between Dr. Lattimer’s gruesome souvenir and the body at Les Invalides, the question will remain unanswered as to whether Napoleon’s “legacy” was “pure gold” or “wood”.

Here is a compilation of a few “evidence” that is said to strengthen the belief of those who are passionate about the existence of UFOs and aliens: Unexplained stories about UFOs 1. Captain William Schaffner Incident, North Sea On September 9, 1970, Royal Air Force pilot William Schaffner was flying over the North Sea when he spotted a strange object in front of his plane, hovering over the water in the North Sea. He decided to investigate, but a few minutes later radio contact with Captain Schaffner’s plane was lost. Schaffner’s plane was later found on the seabed. However, the dome was closed and there was no trace of the pilot. No one knows what might have happened to the captain. (Photo: Marca) 2. The incident Tehran, Iran On September 19, 1976, Iranian military forces detected an unidentified flying object in the sky over the capital Tehran. When two Iranian air force jets approached the mysterious object, the pilots lost radio contact with the ground. When preparing to fire at the UFO, their weapon system also failed. Only after leaving the vicinity of the strange ship did they resume full control of their aircraft. 3. The Lights of Rendlesham Forest, England The Rendlesham Forest Incident is the name given to a series of scenes that occurred in 1980 following an alleged landing of an unidentified flying object in Rendlesham Forest. The British Ministry of Defense has never considered this event a threat to national security. Therefore, the incident was never formally investigated. 4. US Navy encounters UFOs The encounter occurred during a combat exercise conducted in the Pacific Ocean off the southern coast of California on November 14, 2004. (Photo: History) Pilots of six F/A-18 Super Hornets reported detecting “something” in mid-air, and on radars of US Navy ships and other fighters in the area also appeared. this flying object”. In 2014-2015, fighter pilots of the USS Theodore Roosevelt aircraft carrier strike force also reported recording sensors that detected unidentified aerial objects. Amazing images of UFOs In 2016, the US Intelligence Agency (CIA) released a number of photos of mysterious flying saucers that had appeared in the past that the agency had never made public before. The UFO photo was recorded by Stock in 1952 in New Jersey, USA. At about 4:30 p.m. on July 29, 1952, Mr. Stock was sitting in his yard with a friend when they saw a strange object appear in the sky. He ran into the house to get a camera and took 5 pictures of this UFO. The mysterious object flew at an altitude of about 60m, then accelerated and disappeared. The flying saucer was then described as possibly made of metal, solid and had a transparent dome-shaped upper part. Stock and friends say that the disc is blue or blue, makes no noise and is about 10 meters wide. The image was taken on October 20, 1960 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Another image released by the CIA is a strange, large, glowing disc, believed to have been taken on October 20, 1960 in Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. This image has never been confirmed to contain any content, but it is believed to be one of the first examples of so-called “stealth UFOs”, the term referring to flying saucers hiding in the clouds to avoid was discovered. Pentagon admits UFOs In May 2019, the Pentagon admitted it was investigating UFOs after naval pilots claimed to have recorded UFOs during training exercises in 2004 and 2015. The program to investigate and study threats from unidentified flying objects (UFOs) took place from 2008 to 2011 and cost up to 22 million USD of the US Department of Defense. This is the first time the Pentagon has acknowledged the existence of this program. (Photo: Defense) In 2020, the Pentagon officially released three short videos showing UFOs, previously released by a private company. The footage, titled “FLIR1”, “GIMBAL” and “GOFAST” was captured by a camera on a US military jet. The videos show what looks like an unidentified flying object moving very fast under the infrared camera. Two of the videos feature officers marveling at the speed of the unidentified flying object. One of them speculated that the object could be a drone. NASA discovers thousands of exoplanets NASA has confirmed the number of extrasolar planets (exoplanets) in the thousands, and we can expect that number to continue to grow as we improve the technology that spaceflight can travel. into other regions of space. (Photo: Insider) This opens up the meaning: There are thousands of known planets that have not been discovered for a long time; and several other planets waiting to be discovered that could be in potentially habitable environments. Existence of the Search Institute for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) The Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence (SETI) Institute was founded by Carl Sagan and Jill Tarter, two American astronomers who believe there is more interplanetary life than we thought. (Photo: SETI Institute) SETI’s mission is to “discover, understand and explain the origin and nature of life in the universe, the evolution of intelligence.” The institute’s brilliant minds are working day and night to find ways to trace it. life and aliens in outer space. Another scientific organization searching for intelligent life in the universe actually exists on Earth. It’s proof of how seriously humans care about “aliens”.

Security guards stand guard outside the Wuhan Institute of Virology (China)Source: South China Morning Post Recently, Mr. Chris Said, a data scientist, a member of the House of Representatives of Malta, posted on Twitter a list of viruses that have accidentally escaped from laboratories so far. According to him, SARS-CoV-1, the virus that caused the outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in 29 countries around the world in 2003, had leaked from several Asian laboratories. The first time SARS-1 “escaped” was in August 2003 at the National University of Singapore. The second time happened in December 2003 in Taiwan (China). The results of the investigation showed that a SARS scientist in Taiwan handled the leaked biological waste without wearing gloves, masks or gowns. In April 2004, SARS-1 escaped from the National Institute of Virology of China. The H1N1 bird flu virus first appeared in the world in 1918, causing a global pandemic. In 1977, the virus “re-emerged” and many believe it was the result of a leak from a laboratory. That lab is said to be working on a way to produce a live attenuated vaccine in response to the threat of a global flu pandemic. Martin Furmanski, a researcher at the Scientific Working Group on Biological and Chemical Weapons (USA), wrote in a 2014 report that authorities do not want to disclose the laboratory origin of H1N1 because worried about affecting virus research cooperation between countries. “Virilologists and public health officials quickly realized that the most likely source (of H1N1) was a lab leak, but they agreed not to make this public,” Furmanski wrote. Foot-and-mouth disease emerged in the UK in 2007, about 4km from a biosafety level 4 laboratory in the Pirbright area. The results of the investigation showed that the construction vehicles were carrying sludge contaminated with the virus from a faulty sewage line in Pirbright, Italian newspaper The Print reported on May 31. Smallpox virus leaked from two prestigious smallpox laboratories in the UK. The first occurred in 1972 at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. The second case was recorded in 1978 at the Birmingham Medical School. Continuing to investigate the origin of COVID-19 In recent days, world opinion has heated up again about the origin of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the global pandemic COVID-19. On May 13, a group of 18 scientists published in the journal Science (Science) of the United States, calling for a more thorough investigation of the origin of SARS-CoV-2. They believe that the hypotheses about the accidental release of the virus from the laboratory and natural transmission are both possible in reality. Earlier, in March, a team of experts sent by the World Health Organization (WHO) to China concluded that the hypothesis of a laboratory leak was “extremely unlikely” in reality. However, WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said that the team’s assessment of whether SARS-CoV-2 could emerge in the community after a laboratory incident was “not broad enough” and request further investigation. Even America’s top medical expert, Dr. Anthony Fauci, who once denied the lab leak theory, now says he doesn’t believe the virus evolved naturally. US President Joe Biden has ordered the US intelligence community to investigate the origins of COVID-19, after new surveillance results showed there was a possibility of a pandemic after SARS-CoV-2 leaked from the laboratory. experience in China, American newspaper The Wall Street Journal reported on May 27. The White House came under pressure to investigate on its own after China told the WHO that its part of the investigation had been completed, and efforts to trace the source of the virus should turn to other countries. President Biden wants the US intelligence community to produce a report on the origin of COVID-19 within 90 days. He said that US intelligence focuses on two scenarios, SARS-CoV-2 comes from human contact with an infected animal or from a laboratory incident. Earlier, a US intelligence report wrote that three researchers at China’s Wuhan Institute of Virology became so sick in November 2019 that they had to be hospitalized. In December 2019, China reported its first cases of COVID-19. “This questions the credibility of the claim by veteran researcher Shi Zhengli of the Wuhan Institute of Virology that there is no transmission of SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-related viruses among staff and students. of the Wuhan Institute of Virology”, American newspaper USA Today May 24, citing documents from the US State Department. However, the intelligence report on 3 Chinese researchers seriously ill The Wall Street Journal The mention is not conclusive evidence that SARS-CoV-2 leaked from the lab, and the intelligence community still doesn’t know for sure what illness they have, CNN reported.

Researchers wear protective gear at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: Xinhua US President Joe Biden announced last week that the US intelligence community had questioned two possible origins of the COVID-19 pandemic: “Human contact with infected animals or a laboratory incident. “. He ordered a new investigation “to bring us closer to a final conclusion”. According to Bloomberg, no matter where the investigation leads, the history of laboratory safety shows that leakage of pathogens has happened, sometimes with deadly consequences. Smallpox virus leak By the late 1970s, smallpox had been eradicated from the wild, but research on the disease continues in several laboratories around the world, including one in Birmingham (UK). where a virulent strain of smallpox virus is handled. In the summer of 1978, a medical photographer working there named Janet Parker became ill. When pustules spread on her body, the local doctor diagnosed it as a severe case of smallpox. Victim Janet Parker in the smallpox virus leak from the laboratory. It was the third leak of the smallpox virus in that decade from a UK laboratory. The British government has drastically stopped the outbreak by urgently isolating hundreds of people and vaccinating many others. Thanks to those efforts, only one other person became infected, and that was Parker’s mother. However, the female photographer experienced a painful, lonely death in quarantine, and is believed to be the last known fatal victim of smallpox. But there are other victims of the incident. At that time the press mentioned the director of the laboratory in Birmingham, a smallpox virus expert named Henry Bedson. Although there was no evidence, the media still blamed him for the incident. Quarantined at home and in despair, Bedson slit his own throat and died shortly thereafter. The British government has organized a thorough investigation into the outbreak. An investigation found Mr Bedson may not have followed adequate safety procedures and speculated that Parker contracted smallpox from a virus that leaked into the gas pipeline. Technicians at a laboratory in Rockville, Maryland (USA), where smallpox vaccine is produced. A lawsuit later dismissed this explanation, and raised the disturbing possibility that Parker herself had entered one of the workspaces without proper protection. To this day, the debate over the Parker incident remains unresolved. Anthrax spores from the lab When laboratories let pathogens leak in a secret environment, it is much harder to confirm the source of the outbreak. A case in point is the anthrax outbreak in Sverdlovsk, a rather isolated city in the former Soviet Union. In 1979, rumors of anthrax killing dozens, even thousands, began to spread to the West. Later that year, Soviet newspapers confirmed some reports, noting that more than 100 people had contracted anthrax after eating contaminated meat, and over 60 had died. It was a tragedy, but perhaps unavoidable because anthrax is readily apparent in local animal populations. However, US intelligence officials are not convinced by that. Satellite images show disinfecting truck-like objects around the city, with a significant focus of activity on a mysterious military facility known as Complex 19. CIA analysts have reported hypothesized that the Soviet Union leaked a weaponized form of anthrax. The Soviets reacted indignantly to this allegation. In 1980, Russia’s official news agency Itar Tass published a rebuttal titled “A Seed of Deception,” accusing the US of making false statements to gain geopolitical advantage. Sverdlovsk was once one of the military secret cities of the Soviet era. Then, under the administration of President Ronald Reagan, the CIA sought to better handle what happened. They asked Matthew Meselson, a distinguished geneticist at Harvard who worked on the bioweapons ban program, to directly assess the evidence. Mr. Meselson was not convinced by the US intelligence findings. In the 1980s, he rejected another theory that the Soviet Union used some kind of fungal weapon in Laos – and he initially held the same view on the anthrax case, endorsing the main explanation. information from the Soviet Union, with one important caveat: Without a thorough investigation in Sverdlovsk, it would be impossible to know for certain what happened. Essentially, Mr. Meselson supported the explanation that the meat was tainted, judging it to be “completely reasonable and consistent” based on what was known about anthrax. He also arranged meetings with Soviet scientists to add credence to this interpretation, with slides of pathology samples taken from the victims. The US intelligence community, however, remains skeptical. And in this case, the intelligence agencies, not the scientists, turned out to be right. After the breakup of the Soviet Union, Meselson and other researchers finally had access to pathological samples taken from the victims’ lungs, which showed they had died from inhaling anthrax spores. Subsequent revelations added to the picture of what happened. Turns out Complex 19 is a biological weapons facility. Here they produce anthrax spores. According to the Laboratory Director of Complex 19 at the time, a filter connected to the spore dryer was clogged. This still happens often. The military officer in charge left a message for his replacement on the next shift but did not enter the logbook as is customary. When it came to the next shift, the replacement team looked at the notebook, saw nothing, and restarted the purifier. A series of anthrax spores quickly spread throughout the vicinity. Mr. Meselson eventually pieced together all the data and published a paper in the journal Science, which combined wind data with interviews, pathological samples and other evidence to describe the outbreak. Coal killed more than 60 people. That was in 1994, 15 years after the incident. Mysterious flu virus leak In addition, there is another incident that took place in the Soviet Union that is still a mystery. In the same decade that witnessed the leaks of smallpox in Britain and anthrax in the Soviet Union, there was also an unusual strain of flu at the time, called H1N1. Laboratory virus leaks have had deadly consequences. Photo: Atlantis In 1977, an H1N1 outbreak broke out on the border between China and the Soviet Union. The epidemic eventually spread worldwide that year, causing an unusual proportion of young patients. The mortality rate from epidemics is relatively low compared to some strains of influenza. But that’s not the problem. The worrying aspect of the epidemic is that this particular strain of H1N1 has not been present since 1950, when it was superseded by other strains of influenza. The appearance of that kind of “back in time” was confusing. Some researchers speculate that the virus may have “escaped” from a laboratory in the Soviet Union or China, but both countries deny this theory. However, the matter remains a puzzle for virologists. Many theories have been born and come to explain the so-called “frozen evolution”, among which the most prominent is the hypothesis that the virus spread to humans from a laboratory, possibly testing a vaccine to neutralize the disease. swine flu. A scientist involved in the development of a vaccine. Photo: Reuters The exact origin of COVID-19 may not be known All of the above incidents occurred in the 1970s. Laboratory safety was expected to have improved since then, but that has not always been the case. After the SARS outbreak in 2003, laboratories around the world began studying the virus. Since that time, there have been no less than 6 laboratory leaks of SARS. The first occurred at the National University of Singapore, where a student contracted the virus from a sample of the virus. This was followed by an incident in Taiwan/China, where a researcher contracted the virus, possibly during the disinfection of waste products from the laboratory. After that, several leaks happened at the National Institute of Virology of China. In one incident, a researcher infected her mother with the virus, and she died of SARS. In all cases, human negligence, mainly exacerbated by inadequate safety protocols, was the cause of the pathogen leakage. History has supported the theories being put forward that the current COVID-19 pandemic may not have a natural origin, but we are not in a position to rush into judgment. When it comes to lab leaks, the investigation and review process often takes a long time, and sometimes the answers remain unsatisfactory and incomplete. In the case of the COVID pandemic, we must prepare for the possibility that the world may never know the exact origins of a pandemic that has claimed millions of lives.

Front of Wuhan Institute of Virology Photo: Reuters This information adds weight to calls for a more complete investigation into the possibility that the COVID-19 pandemic virus escaped from this laboratory. The above content is mentioned in a report from the Donald Trump administration, which said that some researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV), a center dedicated to research on corona viruses and other pathogens, had fell ill in the fall of 2019 “with symptoms resembling COVID-19 and common seasonal flu.” U.S. officials and former officials with intelligence on researchers in Wuhan expressed differing views on the strength of the evidence outlined in the report. One said that information was provided by an international partner and could be important, but needed further investigation. Others claim that the information is very reliable. “The information that we have comes from a variety of sources and is of very good quality. It is very accurate. What the report doesn’t talk about is the exact reason why they got the disease,” the source told Journal City Wall . Many epidemiologists and virologists believe that November 2019 was the time when SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes the COVID-19 pandemic, began to spread in Wuhan. Beijing says that the first confirmed case in the city fell ill on December 8. China has repeatedly denied that the virus escaped from laboratories. On May 23, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs cited a report published by an investigation team led by the World Health Organization (WHO) after a visit to the Wuhan Institute of Viruses (WIV), saying that the virus leaked from the laboratory. experience is extremely unlikely. “The US continues to hype the theory of lab leaks. Are they really interested in traceability or are they trying to distract? China’s Foreign Ministry said. However, WIV does not share with the WHO team raw data, diaries and lab records where a lot of coronaviruses from bats are studied, the animals that many scientists consider most likely to be the animals. origin of the virus. WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus said that the team had not yet fully tested the lab leak hypothesis, so further investigation was still needed. There is an opinion that the article of Journal City Wall appearing before the upcoming WHO meeting was to heat the matter up again. But the Biden administration declined to comment on the intelligence report, saying only that all credible theories about the origins of the pandemic should be investigated by WHO and international experts. Abnormal point Shi Zhengli, the leading expert on bat coronaviruses at the WIV, said that the virus did not come out of the place where she was working. She told the WHO investigation team that all staff here were negative for COVID-19 antibodies and there were no staff changes in the corona virus research team. In February, Dutch virologist Marion Koopmans, a member of the investigation team who traveled to Wuhan, told NBC News that some WIV staff members fell ill in the fall of 2019, but she attributed it to common seasonal illnesses. “It’s normal to get sick from time to time. Nothing outstanding. Maybe 1 or 2 people. It’s not a big deal,” Koopmans said. Beijing even suggested that the virus could have originated outside of China, including a laboratory at the Fort Detrick military facility in the US state of Maryland, and then called on WHO to investigate the first COVID-19 outbreaks. in other countries. But most scientists see no evidence to support the idea the virus originated in a US military lab, and the White House says there is no credible reason to investigate the facility. . It is normal for Chinese people to go to the hospital for medical examination and treatment when they are sick, because family doctor services are not yet common. COVID-19 and seasonal flu, although two different illnesses, share many of the same symptoms, such as fever, cough, and aches and pains. However, it is worth noting that members of the same corona virus research team were sick and had to be hospitalized with similar symptoms, before the disease was detected. David Asher, a former US official who led the State Department task force to investigate the origins of the COVID-19 pandemic under Secretary of State Mike Pompeo, told a Hudson Institute panel in March that he suspects suspected that the WIV researchers were sick at the same time from the common seasonal flu. “I highly doubt that three people with good protective clothing working in a third-degree lab caught the flu and were hospitalized with severe symptoms in the same week that had nothing to do with the coronavirus,” he said. Asher said, these three people could be the “first known COVID-19 outbreak”.

The COVID-19 pandemic first broke out in Wuhan city, Hubei province, China. Photo: Getty Images The United States and several countries are closer than ever to defeating COVID-19 thanks to progress in vaccination against the SARS-CoV-2 virus. But the world still does not know how this deadly virus appeared, and there is a growing opinion from the scientific community that it does not happen naturally. The US is stepping up calls for more research and warning about the risks of future pandemics. Washington is also more open to weighing the theory that a mistake or failure in a Chinese laboratory caused the COVID-19 pandemic. Meanwhile, the Chinese Government completely rejected this hypothesis and said that the dossier to trace the origin of the COVID-19 epidemic was closed. What’s new? According to CNN, a recent US intelligence report found that several researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology fell ill in November 2019 and were hospitalized – a new detail on the severity of the symptoms. disease in these scientists. It is not clear whether the researchers at that time had COVID-19 but the Wuhan Institute of Virology (WIV) vehemently rejected the report, considering it a lie to promote the hypothesis that the virus leaked from the laboratory. . Scientists who worked for the WIV previously said the institute had nothing to do with COVID-19 disease until December 30, 2021. On May 24, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs also denied the information that three Wuhan researchers were hospitalized before the outbreak of COVID-19 and affirmed that this information was “completely untrue”. Spokesperson Zhao Lijian confirmed that the Wuhan Institute of Virology was not exposed to the SARS-CoV-2 virus before December 30, 2019, and its staff so far have not been infected. Scientists at the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: AFP Meanwhile, on May 25, speaking at the US Congress, Dr. Anthony Fauci, director of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, said that the failure to fund previous research on Corona virus in bats in China. Quoc is a “negligence of duty”. According to Fauci, the US should have pursued to the place where the contact between animals and humans could lead to the spread of the virus between species. Dr. Fauci himself, the leading infectious disease expert in the US, said this week he did not believe the COVID-19 outbreak occurred spontaneously and prompted further investigation. A World Health Organization (WHO) adviser, Jamie Metzl, also said the leak hypothesis is possible, while scientists are “groping, creating and studying” the virus with the aim of vaccine development. “So I believe what could have happened was a leak, followed by a cover-up,” said Metzl, who served at the US State Department and the Atlantic Council during the US presidency. President Bill Clinton said. The conclusion is that further investigation is needed An in-depth study conducted by WHO in collaboration with the Government of China, published in March, explored the different possible origins of the COVID-19 epidemic and came to the conclusion that: although still It is not yet known how the disease originated, but it is likely that it spread to humans, either directly from bats, or more likely from an intermediate species that caught the virus from bats and then spread to humans. for human. Bats can be an intermediary that spreads the SARS-CoV-2 virus to humans. Photo: NPR The WHO report called the laboratory leak theory “extremely unlikely”, citing the fact that no laboratory staff in Wuhan were infected before December 2020 as an argument against this hypothesis. After the WHO report was published, its officials still called for an additional and public investigation from the Chinese side. Meanwhile, a newly released US intelligence report shows that laboratory workers of the Wuhan Institute of Virology have been sick since before December. According to WHO adviser Jamie Metzl, in the early stages of the outbreak of the disease. when China did not warn the world appropriately, Chinese officials blamed the transmission on an initial hotspot, a seafood market in Wuhan, which at this point was essentially Is not right. This expert said that there is a lot of evidence that the Chinese government initially tried to cover up the existence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. “Whatever the origin of the pandemic, the first month, when China was spending all its energy trying to cover things up rather than fixing the problem, allowed the fire in the furnace to cause a fire in the kitchen.” into a house fire and a worldwide fire,” said Metzl. The Wuhan Institute of Virology became the center of doubts about the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Photo: Getty Images A group of well-known and experienced scientists also criticized the WHO report for not taking seriously the hypothesis that the virus leaked from the laboratory. According to them, this hypothesis was refuted within just a few pages of a hundred-page report published by WHO. The scientists wrote in the journal Science: “We must seriously consider the contagion hypotheses in the wild and in the laboratory until we have enough data.” Fear of a recurrence of a pandemic These “closed doors” have also helped conspiracy theories expand. Arkansas Republican Senator Tom Cotton has promoted the idea that the SARS-CoV-2 virus was purposefully created as a biological weapon. But there’s no concrete evidence to back up that claim, and experts still say it’s unlikely. Dr. Paul Offit, an infectious disease specialist at the University of Pennsylvania’s Perelman School of Medicine, told CNN it’s unlikely the Wuhan lab manipulated the virus to make it more contagious. but “we have to find out” the truth. Dr. Offit said that the world needs to do something to prevent another pandemic. “What I know is that they [Trung Quốc] must allow this [điều tra mở về nguồn gốc dịch]“This is now the third pandemic to emerge in the past 20 years,” said Mr. Offit. First there was SARS 1, then there was MERS. I think we can assume we’re not done with this yet.”

The Hebrew edition, published in 1988 with a run of 5,000 copies, quickly sold out and has not yet been reprinted. Jack Joseph Nicholson owns the film rights to the book – which reads as if one is mesmerized by Miloš Forman’s One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, produced in 1975 is based on the novel of the same name by the late writer Ken Kesey. While the book was a bestseller, academia still mocked the “poisoned” theory. Historians believe that Napoleon Bonaparte died on 5/5/1821 of stomach cancer, hepatitis or syphilis. However, Swedish dentist and amateur toxicologist Sten Forshufvud came up with his theory in 1961 – two years before US President John Kennedy was assassinated and four decades before 9/11. 2001 – by which time mythical conspiracy theories became the norm. French Emperor Napoleon dominated most of Europe for more than a decade, leading France against a series of alliances; Source: wikipedia.org The Weider-Hapgood-Forshufvud conjecture is based on Forshufvud’s analysis of Napoleon’s five hairs. The results of the laboratory’s analysis showed that arsenic levels (a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33) ranged from normal to 38 times the average level. This clearly demonstrates that Napoleon was administered small amounts of Arsenic in different concentrations at different times during the 5 years before his death. It was Napoleon who raised suspicions, when he wrote in his will just three weeks before his death at the age of 51, “I was stillborn, murdered by the English butcher, and assassinated”. The murder theory has gained traction over time, supported by advances in forensic science. Weider – a supporter of Napoleon’s thinking – in 1995, published after the first book with an extensive study on the same topic “The assassination of St. Helena rad review” (“Assassination at St. Helena Revisited”), which he and Forshufvud co-authored. While the two books have many fascinating details about Napoleon’s tragic final years, the central question remains – was the former Emperor murdered? The 200th anniversary of Napoleon’s death (1769-1821) – aka the assassination – on May 5, the puzzling life and death of the man born on the island of Corsica into an Italian family with a strong lineage. This controversial aristocratic track is being reviewed. In contrast to history, in October 1815, Napoleon was exiled to the remote British island of Saint Helena, in the South Atlantic Ocean 1,776 km off the coast of West Africa, and died there in 1821. Napoleon had previously been imprisoned. deported to a place of youth exile on the Italian island of Elba, but escaped from prison, regrouped the Great Army la Grande Armée, and attempted to conquer Europe once more, but in the end, defeated by British and Prussian forces at Waterloo in 1812. Weider argued that Napoleon was incapacitated on the outskirts of Brussels by his trusted aide, General Charles Tristan, Marquis de Montholon (1783-1853). While ostensibly a loyal officer who followed Napoleon into exile in St. Helena, believed to be actually a spy who served as a bartender and manager of Napoleon’s liquor, put a small amount of arsenic in his favorite drink. The poison made Napoleon very sick, comatose and unable to think clearly. Over the years, little by little, poison accumulated and destroyed Napoleon’s stomach and digestive system. While the syrup, a standard ingredient in Mai Tai and many cocktails today, is made from sweet almonds, the fruit from bitter almonds can be toxic. While the wine that Napoleon drank was produced in present-day Domaine de Groot Constantia, South Africa, Vader and his associates suspected that the marquis had forged antique wine before serving the former Emperor. As Forshufvud and Weider observed, Napoleon attempted to quench his unusual thirst by drinking large amounts of orgeat syrup containing cyanide compounds in almonds used for flavoring. They asserted that the potassium tartrate used during Napoleon’s treatment prevented his stomach from expelling these compounds, and that thirst was a symptom of intoxication. Their theory was that the calomel given to Napoleon became a drug overdose, killing him and causing extensive tissue damage. They had compelling reasons to suspect the nobleman in the murder. While the Marquis de Montholon’s military service provided cover for him to follow Napoleon in the Emperor’s final exile, a thorough examination of his military records revealed some deception. Montholon claims to have been presented with an honorary sword from Napoleon during his victory at the Battle of Hohenlinden, 33 km east of Munich on December 3, 1800. In fact, the marquis did not participate in the campaign, as at the time, was facing expulsion from the army for corruption. Montholon was re-enlisted thanks to influential friends and family. Napoleon Bonaparte’s career and private life are still controversial; Source: wikipedia.org Nine years later, at the Battle of Jena, Montholon claimed to be wounded. But his commanding officer insisted in a later affidavit that the incident did not happen. And then during Napoleon’s first exile in 1814, Montholon lost his mission to the Royalists after only seven days, after being accused of pocketing money to pay the army in Clermont-Ferrand. Although Montholon was an immoral character, and while the arsenic in Napoleon’s hair may seem questionable, it should be noted that the poison was commonly used in the 19th century for a variety of purposes. With France and Britain unable to agree on a procedure for burying Napoleon in France, his body was initially interred in St. Helena, after an inconclusive autopsy. In 1840, the British government authorized the return of Napoleon’s remains to France for burial at the newly built Dome des Invalides. His coffin was opened to confirm that it still contained the former emperor. Although nearly two decades dead, Napoleon’s body is still very well preserved and has not decomposed. There may also be a scientific explanation for Napoleon’s well-preserved body condition that may have supported the poisoning hypothesis. Arsenic is famous for keeping a corpse in good condition. However, Napoleon was buried in four sealed coffins. Another explanation is that saponification (whereby meat is converted to fat) is caused by the absence of oxygen. In a 1993 interview with The Jerusalem Report, Weider refuted the story that Napoleon suffered one last humiliation apart from the humiliation of losing the battle at Waterloo. According to some accounts, shortly after his death, an autopsy was conducted and Francesco Antommarchi, the doctor conducting the autopsy, removed several parts of Napoleon’s body, including his penis. Weider denied that Napoleon had lost his “weapon”, explaining that the autopsy was carried out under military protection. No one reported that any body parts were missing. However, Dr. John K. Lattimer – a urologist – purchased the purpose amputation appendage from a collector in 1977 for $3,000. It is now owned by his daughter, who has been offered to sell for more than 30 times the original purchase price. The cause of Napoleon’s death is not known with certainty. And unless the DNA is compared between Dr. Lattimer’s gruesome souvenir and the body at Les Invalides, the question will remain unanswered as to whether Napoleon’s “legacy” was “gold” or “wood”./ .

Humans have only found about 5% of the composition of the universe. So what is the remaining 95%? Although we know of its existence, we cannot see or study it specifically, directly because these components are invisible. Science fiction still frequently mentions the existence of other universes. In fact, in recent years, the scientific community is gradually accepting this hypothesis. A typical example is the multiverse theory, which comes from William James’s term of the same name in 1895. Accordingly, it is said that there are many parallel universes along with the one in which we live. The origin of cosmic rays has puzzled astronomers for a long time, who have spent a century studying the origin of these charged particles. However, the origin of this mysterious phenomenon remains an unanswered question. Since the birth and development of space science, a question that has always bothered the whole human society is whether there is anyone outside of Earth? Humans have launched spacecraft, explored many planets in search of other life, but so far, the above question has not been answered. Life likely existed on Mars and may even exist today. Mars used to have vast oceans. Scientists have found evidence that liquid water is still periodically flowing on the surface of Mars. Many countries are planning to send explorers to Mars to find the answer tree to this problem. Solar physicists have been baffled by the mystery of the Sun’s ability as it reheats its corona, the fragile crown surrounded by light that emerges brightly during a total eclipse. Crystal rain is a mysterious phenomenon that can only be seen in the universe. The star HOPS-68 is a star that closely resembles the Sun at its inception. Around this star exists a cloud of dust and gas, of which the main component is green olivine crystals. Due to the rather cold temperature of these dust clouds (about -170 degrees Celsius), the olivine crystals condense into small particles and fall like a magically beautiful blue crystal rain. Black holes are one of the great mysteries of the universe. This entity is one where the density of matter is greater than any other entity in the universe. With its huge weight, the black hole can bend time and space and nothing can escape if it accidentally falls into its gravitational field. Astronomers estimate that the Sun will destroy the Earth in about 6 billion years. Several theories about the end of the universe have been put forward. The universe can perish when all matter in the universe has the same temperature. That means all stars will perish and all matter will perish. Another opinion is that an event contrary to the Big Bang, the Big Crunch, will occur. If the universe continues to expand, eventually gravity will become too great, causing everything to contract. The entire universe will become a solid mass and the universe will come to an end. There is a mystery about the moon that has puzzled astronomers for a long time. That’s why only certain parts of the moon’s surface appear to have magnetic fields. But after conducting many tests and analyzing the moon’s surface, scientists believe that the moon once had a magnetic field – about 450 million years ago. Femi bubbles are giant and mysterious structures that arise from the center of the Milky Way and span about 20,000 light-years, accompanied by intense gamma rays and X-rays. Since it was first discovered until now, the Fermi Bubble has caused astronomers around the world a headache because it has not been able to find the origin of this giant gamma-ray structure. Please watch the video: NASA astronauts drop a mirror in space. Source: VTV

Located 50 km south of Hoi An ancient town, Tam Ky city is the capital of Quang Nam province, the world famous heritage land of Vietnam. Around the origin of the name Tam Ky, a number of theories have been put forward. Photo: Monument of Vietnamese Heroic Mother in Tam Ky. According to the opinion shared by many researchers, “Tam Ky” means “three branches”. This name is named after the mountain river shape of the land, where there are three high mounds and river confluence. Photo: Thach Ban River in Tam Ky. Looking in from the sea, you will see three high mounds rising into a triangle: An Ha Mountain, Quang Phu and Tra Cai. When you call a boat in the direction of these three mountains, you will meet the estuary, the confluence of the three rivers Tam Ky, Truong Giang and Ban Thach. Photo: On Tam Ky river. Another view is that the word Tam Ky indicates the position of the land in the middle of the three periods, namely Tonkin, Trung Ky and Cochinchina – the names of three regions of Vietnam during the French colonial period. This explanation is considered unreasonable because the name Tam Ky appeared in history books long before that. Photo: Tam Ky white sand dunes. Back in history, the place “Tam Ky” appeared for the first time in the book “Phu Bien Tap Luc” by Le Quy Don written around 1776. Photo: Dinh Thach Tan in the historical site of Ky Anh tunnels in Tam Ky. According to the article “Discovering Tu Ban (Lesson 1): Ancient Village” published in Quang Nam newspaper, Tam Ky officially became an administrative place in 1767, under the reign of King Le Hien Tong. Photo: Rice fields in Tam Ky. Initially, Tam Ky was just a commune in Ha Dong district, Thang Hoa district. In 1906, King Thanh Thai issued an official decree to upgrade Ha Dong district into a government and change its name to Tam Ky. After 1954, Tam Ky district was called Tam Ky district and belonged to Quang Tin province. Photo: Tam Ky Market. After 1975, Tam Ky became a district directly under Quang Nam – Da Nang province. In 1983, Tam Ky district was split into Tam Ky town and Nui Thanh district. In 1996, Quang Nam province was re-established, Tam Ky town became the provincial capital of Quang Nam province. In 2006, Tam Ky became a city. Photo: Tam Thanh Beach, Tam Ky. Today, Tam Ky city is known to tourists near and far through famous tourist sites and historical sites such as the Monument of Vietnamese Heroic Mother, Tam Thanh mural village, Cham Chien Dan tower, and Dao Ky cave. England… Photo: Chien Dan Tower in Tam Ky. This is also a city with many attractive specialties, inviting tourists who love to discover food to enjoy, such as Tam Ky chicken rice, Quang noodles, rice cakes, ram wet cakes… Photo: Special Tam Ky chicken rice product. Invite readers to watch the video: Hue – The Shadow of Kinh Do Ancient | VTV Travel.

The Egyptian pyramids are a giant structure in the middle of the desert and can be seen from extraterrestrial satellites. Building these pyramids was certainly a huge task, so who did it? The pyramids could not have been built by Jewish slaves, as no archaeological remains that can be directly related to the Jews have been found in Egypt dating to 4,500 years ago, when the needles Giza pyramids were built, archaeological research has revealed. Also, the story told in the Hebrew Bible about the slavery of the Jews in Egypt refers to a city called “Ramesses.” A city called pi-Ramesses was founded during the 19th dynasty (circa 1295-1186 BC) and named after Ramesses II, who ruled 1279-1213 BC. This city was built after the pyramid construction period ended in Egypt. Furthermore, no archaeological evidence has been found of the lost city of Atlantis for any length of time, and many scholars believe the story to be fictitious. For aliens, this idea is said to be impossible. In fact, Egyptologists say, all the evidence suggests that the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids. However, how the pyramid builders lived, how they were rewarded and how they were treated is still a mystery that researchers are still investigating. The pyramids and the people who built them Egypt has over 100 ancient pyramids, but the most famous include the first-order pyramid, built during the reign of pharaoh Djoser (circa 2630-2611 BC) and the first real pyramid. was built during the rule of pharaoh Snefru (circa 2575-2551 BC). The Great Pyramid was built at Giza during the reigns of pharaoh Khufu (circa 2551-2528 BC), and two of his successors, Khafre (circa 2520-2494 BC) and Menkaure (c. 2490-2472 BC), there are also pyramids built at Giza. The pharaohs gradually stopped building pyramids during the New Kingdom (1550-1070 BC), choosing instead to be buried in the Valley of the Kings, about 483 km south of Giza. Over the past few decades, archaeologists have found new evidence that provides clues as to who the pyramid builders were and how they lived. Surviving records, including papyri manuscripts discovered in 2013 at Wadi al-Jarf on Egypt’s Red Sea coast, suggest that large groups of workers helped bring the materials to Giza. The papyri found at Wadi al-Jarf tells of a group of 200 men led by an inspector named Merer. This group of workers moved the stones by boat along the banks of the Nile, 18km from the Great Pyramid at Tura, where the stones were used to build the pyramid’s outer layer. Egyptologists have previously theorized that the pyramid builders were largely done by seasonal farmers, times of the year when there was little agricultural work to do. The papyri detailing the pyramid’s history is still in the process of being deciphered and analyzed, but the results indicate that the group led by Merer did more than help build the pyramid. These workers appear to have traveled through much of Egypt, possibly as far as the Sinai desert, carrying out many of the construction projects and tasks assigned to them. This raises the question of whether they are part of a permanent professional force, rather than a group of seasonal agricultural workers who will return to their fields. Pyramid builder treatment? According to Pierre Tallet, a professor of Egyptology at the University of Paris-Sorbonne in France, who is deciphering papyri manuscripts and co-leader of the team that found them, the workers were given a diet that included scrubs. is, vegetables, poultry and meat. In addition to a healthy diet, the papyri manuscript describes members of the working group regularly receiving textiles, which could have been seen as a reward at the time. In addition, officials in senior positions involved in the construction of the pyramids may have received land grants, said Mark Lehner, director of the Association for Ancient Egyptian Studies (AERA), a Massachusetts-based research institute. Historical records show that there were times in Egyptian history when officials were granted land. However, it is not known whether the land-granted officials were involved in the construction of the pyramid. Lehner’s team was excavating a town in Giza that was inhabited and frequented by several workers who were building the Menkaure pyramids. So far, archaeologists have found evidence that the ancient inhabitants of this town once baked large quantities of bread, slaughtered thousands of animals and brewed large quantities of beer. Based on animal bones found at the site, and considering the nutritional needs of workers, archaeologists estimate that about 1,800 kilograms of animals, including cattle, sheep and goats, were slaughtered on average. average daily, to provide food for workers. The remains of the workers were buried in the tombs near the pyramid, showing that the workers had healed their bones. This shows that they have access to medical care that is available at the time. The rich diet of the pyramid builders, combined with evidence of medical care and receiving textiles… has led Egyptologists to generally agree that workers did not must be slaves. However, this does not mean that all workers have equal accommodation. AERA excavations show that some of the more senior officials lived in large houses and had the best cuts of meat. In contrast, Lehner suspects, lower-level workers may have slept in simple houses or “rested” at the pyramids themselves.

With glorious victories, Napoleon dominated nearly all of Europe for more than a decade, but ended up in sickness. Photo: Wikimedia Commons The most famous general and former Emperor in French history died on May 5, 1821 on the remote island of Saint Helena in the middle of the Atlantic, where he had to live in exile for six years after his surrender. British army. Although the autopsy results suggested that the cause of his death was stomach cancer, many conspiracy theories have emerged: from Napoleon being poisoned at the hands of his captors, or the wallpaper. in his house was soaked with arsenic. One rumor even claims that the remains of the emperor currently housed at the tomb in Paris are faked, as Napoleon fled to America. Recently, biomedical scientist Parvez Haris, of De Montfort University in Leicester (UK) has a new theory: Napoleon was poisoned by his favorite aromatic oils. Military genius has gone through many years of using perfume bluff, even a few bottles a day. 1826 painting by French painter Émile Jean-Horace Vernet depicts Napoleon on the hospital bed. Previous studies from the US have shown that essential oils can act as “endocrine disruptors”, affecting hormones, leading to growth disorders and tumors. According to Professor Haris, overexposure to these essential oils explains a lot about Napoleon’s declining health in the last years of his life, including his deadly stomach cancer. Victims of essential oils Napoleon not only was exposed to excessive amounts of essential oils through the use of Eau de Cologne (a low-essential perfume line), he also drank orange perfume regularly, and as a native of Corsica, he is fan of citrus fruits – all of which are high in essential oils. In 2017, a study by the New England Journal of Medicine concluded that abuse of tea tree and lavender essential oils could cause so-called gynecomastia in boys. This is a swelling in a man’s breast tissue, and according to some reports Napoleon may have had it as well. Painting Napoleon riding a horse across the Saint-Bernard Pass in the Alps in May 1800. The above documents also show that he may suffer from hairless body disorder, and often complain of being cold, having to heat up during the summer. Both of those signs were consistent with a disruption to his endocrine system. Napoleon also suffers from epilepsy, which recent research has also shown is linked to excessive essential oils exposure. “The investigators actually missed a big, obvious problem with Napoleon’s death,” explained Professor Haris. He said he was so sure of his findings that he could give evidence. “In any court of the world”. Antommarchi Antommarchi mask of Napoleon, at a museum in Paris. Photo: DM “Many people point out that Napoleon’s hair samples, taken while he were alive, have high levels of arsenic, but this theory has now been disproved. Most people in the Napoleonic period had high levels of arsenic in their bodies because arsenic was found in the medicines and cosmetics used at that time, ”said Professor Haris. Mr. Haris continued: ‘What they missed is the huge amount of perfume that Napoleon applied to his body every day. He lives surrounded by perfume, he even sprayed it directly on his face and eyes because it was mistaken for water “. Essential oil – a double-edged sword According to Professor Haris, Napoleon was a great advocate of perfumes, which had only been commercially produced since 1792. At that time, only very rich and powerful people could afford them. One theory is that Napoleon’s remains in the tomb in Paris (pictured) are fake and Napoleon escaped to America. According to Professor Haris, prolonged overexposure to essential oils explains Napoleon’s declining health in the last years of his life. Photo: DM Although Napoleon disliked doctors and avoided their medication, he was still convinced by the health benefits of perfumes. He is said to have once said that perfumes “are protection against many diseases. “So for at least 20 years, Napoleon bathed his body in perfume, he poured perfume down from his head, and in some cases he literally soaked in that water”, Giao Haris said. “He carries many bottles of perfume even during military campaigns. The data shows that Napoleon consumes 2-3 bottles of Eau de Cologne per day, while today, people use only 1 bottle for the whole year! ”. At one point, Napoleon’s perfumer Gervais Chardin ordered 50 bottles of Eau de Cologne water per month. An invoice in 1806 shows him supplying 162 bottles of perfumes for a total of 423 francs. It is thought that Eau de Cologne reminded the French Emperor at that time of his hometown, Corsica, because one of the main ingredients of the fragrance was rosemary, which grows between cliffs and Rock land on the Mediterranean island. Map of the island of St Helena, where Napoleon was exiled, in the Indian Ocean. For Napoleon, the Eau de Cologne is a double-edged sword. Perfumes mainly contain alcohol and therefore are capable of acting as an antiseptic. This could have saved his life by protecting him from deadly bacteria or viruses while participating in campaigns in different regions of Europe as well as Asia (Syria) and Africa (Egypt). . However, it eventually killed him for being overused for decades ”, Professor Haris concludes. “There is no doubt in my opinion that Eau de Cologne is the primary poison, although co-exposure to other chemicals, including arsenic, may have contributed to poor health. and eventually death from stomach cancer ”. According to many accounts, the last years of Napoleon’s life – after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo – were of little honor to the former emperor. The Longwood House on windy St Helena Road – where Napoleon was moved in exile – is said to have fallen into disrepair, damp and musty. The Duke of Wellington (riding forward) and Field Marshal Blucher commanded the Battle of Waterloo, defeating Napoleon’s army. Photo: DM Napoleon himself had repeatedly written letters complaining about his living conditions with St Helene Island Governor Hudson Lowe, when his servants complained of colds, wet floors and poor supplies. Lowe responded by restricting Napoleon’s spending and placing constraints on the gifts he was allowed to receive from the outside world. Barry O’Meara, Napoleon’s private physician, also warned British authorities that conditions at Longwood House, where the former French Emperor lived during his exile, appeared to be detrimental to his health. Meanwhile, modern researchers have also pointed out that Napoleon’s death was due to a copper arsenite-containing dye in the wallpaper at Longwood House, which is believed to have produced the poison gas. However, deprived exile does not seem to reduce the fire in Napoleon. He spent the rest of his life writing memoirs, writing a book about the hero Julius Caesar and having dinner parties as if he weren’t a captive. Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821 after six years in exile on the mid-Atlantic island of Saint Helena.

His arguments include Phoenician mining activities along rivers, Biblical names in mining-related areas, to passages in the Hebrew Scriptures that seem to be related. to King Solomon and the seafaring Phoenicians, a potential Spanish city famous for its rich mineral wealth in the Hebrew Bible. King Salomon, a rich king according to the Hebrew Scriptures. If this claim is true, it means King Solomon was an ancient shipping tycoon. The Hebrew Bible says that King Salomon was extremely rich and undertook many construction projects and his role in transportation could explain his wealth. Arguments for the Solomon’s mining expeditions The Phoenicians flourished throughout the Mediterranean world from about 1,500 BC to 300 BC. According to present-day Lebanon, they sailed across the Mediterranean, establishing settlements and trading networks as far back as Portugal. Kingsley started his research about 10 years ago. It seemed that King Salomon had been wise in his maritime plans, he noticed. He recorded the trips from Jerusalem and the Phoenician sailors took all risks at sea. Archaeological excavations over the past century have unearthed remains of Phenicia mining operations near the Rio Tinto River in southwest Spain, he said. Some places today along the river of Spain have biblical names – such as “Solomon’s Hill”, says Kingsley. Furthermore, he claims, silver artifacts found in Israel contain lead isotope patterns suggesting that silver came from Spain. However, researchers have done the analysis that silver from Spain did not come to Israel during King Solomon’s time, but after he ruled. Then there is a Hebrew Bible, which describes how David and his son Solomon took raw materials for construction projects from a man named Hiram, the king of a Phenicia city named Tire in present-day Lebanon. . Kingsley hypothesized that Hiram would send mining expeditions to Spain with the financial assistance of Solomon. Passages in the Hebrew Bible also mention a place called Tarshish, where the Bible says there are many minerals. This is also the place where Johna tried to run away when God told him to come to Nineveh, according to the Hebrew Bible. Tarshish claimed that Tarshish was located in what is now Spain and Solomon financed Phenicia’s travels to the area. Kingsley argued that passages in the Hebrew Bible discuss how Hiram provided materials for David and Solomon for their construction projects, giving the idea that Solomon had sponsored Phoenician journeys. . Confirming Tarshish’s place in the Bible, Kingsley notes that a Phoenician inscription, dating back to the ninth century BC and found in Sardinia, refers to a Phenicia military force fleeing to Tarshish. after a failure. Ancient Greek records also mention a city called Tartessos – sounding similar to Tarshish – thrived in southern Spain, Kingsley wrote in an article in Spain. From historical research, Kingsley said he could say that biblical landmarks (like the Solomon Hills) were in use since at least the 17th century and possibly much earlier. Skeptic scholars Some archaeologists and historians believe they were skeptical of Kingsley’s claims. While no one doubts that the Phoenicians were present in Spain, scholars note that there is no direct evidence regarding King Solomon to the region. “It’s still not clear that there is a Solomon kingdom,” said Steven Weitzman, director of the Herbert D. Katz Center for Advanced Morphological Studies at the University of Pennsylvania. “I don’t know any evidence of an Israeli presence in Spain at this time,” Weitzman said. There are Phoenician settlements in Spain as early as around 1100 [trước Công nguyên] and certainly for many centuries to come, but it would be too much to argue that the source of Salomon’s wealth came from there. ” In fact, the Bible says that King Salomon sent ships to the East, not to the West. Solomon’s ships were dispatched from a place called Ezion-Geber, a port town on the Red Sea, and they returned from a place called Ophir, filled with gold and other treasures. Wherever the Ophir was located, the ships Weitzman explained would go in the opposite direction from Spain, east not west. Archaeologists also rejected Kingsley’s arguments regarding silver artifacts found in Israel and Spain. “Based on all available scientific data, silver in the Solomon era,” said Ayelet Gilboa, professor of archeology at the University of Haifa, Israel. [thế kỷ 10 trước Công nguyên] not coming east from Iberia ”. Only after that, after King Salomon ruled, did silver from Spain begin to reach Israel. Gilboa worked with Tzilla Eshel, a researcher specializing in antique silver analysis at the University of Haifa, to determine the origin of ancient silver in Israel, and they published an article on this topic in 2019. that silver came from Sardinia to Israel in the 10th century BC but it was not until the ninth century BC that silver came from Spain.

Hand movement is controlled by the motor cortex – the part of the brain’s surface that controls all movement. The left side of the body is controlled by the right hemisphere of the brain and vice versa. In the hemisphere, where the dominant side control has more connections between the neurons of the motor cortex – this can always be shown in magnetic resonance imaging by cell activity. nerve. In the past, it was thought that left-handed people simply redirected activity of the hemisphere compared to right-handed people, but that was not the case. For example, in 96% of right-handed people, the speech center and the hand motion control center are in the same left-hemisphere. In left-handed people, the speech center can be located anywhere: 70% of people are in the left hemisphere, 15% are in the right hemisphere, and the rest of the speech center is symmetrically distributed. worthy in both hemispheres. According to one theory, the left-brain hemisphere’s speech centers could evolve based on our ancestors’ right-handed gesture centers. Men are more left-handed than women Among men, 13% are left-handed, and among women -11%. In couples where a mother is left-handed, the child is usually left-handed. The explanation for this is that the mother’s behavior is imitated by her child during childhood development. By repeating the movements of the mother, the child can become left-handed. Researchers have tried to determine whether signs of right-handed or left-handed people are related to gender. It is impossible to determine this with certainty, but there is reason to believe that the development of right-handed and left-handedness can be influenced by sex hormones: testosterone androgen testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. Left-handed and right-handed people can feel the world differently There is a basis to believe that left-handed and right-handed people perceive the world around them differently. In a classic experiment: two boxes were placed in front of two testers, they were given pictures of different animals and asked to place the animals in one of the boxes. Agree on a list of animals they like. As a result, right-handed people put their favorite animals in the box on the left, and left-handed people put them on the right. This means that left-handed and right-handed people perceive space differently: for left-handed people, the space on the left is associated with something good, for right-handed people. right hand – is the right side. Lefties tend to have a better artistic penchant – American rocker Kurt Cobain pictured here. Trying to be right-handed is not necessary In the past, left-handed people were often rehearsed for right-handedness: they tied their left hand behind their back, hit it with a ruler or took objects from their left hand and transferred them to their right hand. With practice, the lowercase script gets worse: in children, it often involves fine-tuning of precise movements in kindergarten and elementary school. But change often has a negative effect. Fortunately, coercion is no longer common now. Attempts to practice left-handed people can have consequences. In the past, it was believed that in this case, development of speech disturbances could arise, such as stuttering. However, researchers currently have not found evidence of this. But forcing a left-handed person to be a right-handed person can cause serious trauma, especially for children. A right-handed person can become a left-handed (and vice versa) in the event of an injured arm. Adults need more time than children to adjust to this. In children, the transformations last up to 6 years and they typically use both hands for everyday activities, but just as easy activities (like moving the pencil from hand to hand while drawing) . Are left-handed people smarter? In academic studies studies, left-handed people appear to be more gifted than right-handed people. To assess aptitude, different thinking tests are often used, which suggest an alternative or creative way of using something, for example, a pen. It is also believed that in creative industries related to art such as music and architecture, left-handed people have about 10% more. This can be explained by the fact that left-handed brains are more symmetrical so they can access the resources of the two hemispheres at the same time. However, it is not possible to officially confirm this hypothesis in systematic studies. Is right or left handedness related to genetics? Genetic factors are still inconsistent: the probability of having a left-handed child is 37% for both left-handed parents, when there is only one left-handed person – 22%. If both parents are right-handed, the probability of having a left-handed child is only 11%. But in most cases the vast majority of children are right-handed, regardless of which parent is right-handed. In 80% of the cases the twins are either left-handed or right-handed, but in 20% of cases one is left-handed and the other is right-handed. This shows that hand-handedness must be determined by a combination of both genetic and environmental factors. There is no specific gene for right-handed or left-handedness. It is generally accepted that the dominant hand is determined by a very large number of genes, each of which holds only a very small fraction and that their coordinated interactions are not entirely clear-cut. It is now accepted that left-handed and right-handed are genetically determined to be 25%, while 75% are by environmental conditions.

According to Wikipedia, Déjà vu is the French word, meaning “seen” or known as hallucinogenic memory or promnesia (dementia) is hallucinogenic, feeling familiar (as seen, experienced in memory) in a new setting, never known before or not remember when. This is the experience of a sure feeling of having witnessed or lived through a situation that has happened before, even though it is not possible to know with certainty when those premonitions occurred. The term Déjà vu was named by a French psychic expert, Émile Boirac (1851-1917), as he stated in the book L’Avenir des sciences psychiques, which was born when Boirac also a university student. Déjà vu is often a very familiar, but “strange and mysterious” feeling, occurring frequently in dreams and in real life, in both adults and children. Déjà vu has been described in literature for a long time, but it is a topic that causes a headache for scientists, especially psychologists today. Recently, researchers have discovered a way to create this feeling through hypnosis. From the late 20th century, déjà vu has been studied deeply in psychology and neurology. Scientifically, the most accurate explanation for déjà vu is not that it is the “foresight” of the action or of the “foreseen” talent, but an anomalous defect of memory that keeps humans from creating. gives the impression that the memory is “being recalled”. The Déjà vu phenomenon can take place both in real life and in dreams There is also an opinion that in the process of daily life and communication, the human brain has the ability to arrange, link events and analyze logically, thereby creating images and sounds. …, likely in the future and recorded in memory, this is almost identical to the method of prophecy. This human brain’s ability to self-align and connect is formed and trained during deliberate thinking and speculation (such as betting on something). So, when we come across one of the things the brain has properly analyzed (there may be some false positives, this explains why only sometimes we come across déjà vu), then we will feel “as if” met or been in that situation in the past. Some assumptions and facts related to déjà vu 1. Déjà vu is deceived by the senses? There is a particularly vague theory, that déjà vu is a simple phenomenon in which the senses in the body “play pranks” on people. Usually, human feelings and perceptions of the world are not distinct, in which the senses play a key role. For example, when we walk into a strange bakery, we smell the delicious aroma of freshly baked cakes. Perhaps it matches the same taste as it has been smelled before, the brain is trying to recall the exact taste, it feels as if you’ve seen it before. The above phenomenon is similar to when we hear a specific noise or a certain conversation tape, it feels like we have heard in the past without being able to recall, all of these phenomena are convincing. that the subject has experienced this moment. It is the simplest and easiest to understand hypothesis, and like most of the other assumptions about déjà vu, the senses in the body have “prank” on humans with practically no way to test. OK. 2. Is Déjà vu a simple cataloging error? Another theory is that the brain’s long and short-term memory circuits may be subjected to an issue that causes the brain’s librarian to malfunction, creating simple cataloging errors, like editing errors. If the brain is damaged, the insider is very common to déjà vu Let’s say you’re going to a party in a luxury apartment with brand new people you’ve never met. However, when you enter, you are overwhelmed with the feeling that you have been at a time similar to what happened before. The interior layout of the room, the number of musicians playing, everyone happily with a glass of wine in hand … you will be convinced as if you have experienced before in the past, it is déjà vu is taking you into the game. What happened makes us feel déjà vu, your brain is not doing its own function well. The human brain has a hard-to-clean memory system, which is a series of storage transformation mechanisms that, like almost anything else in the world, sometimes make mistakes. The brain can store new information when you join a party, but it does so into long-term memory catalogs, giving insiders the feeling that this event has happened, sometimes during the process. distant past. 3. Human memory is not good One prominent and quite basic theory is that human memory is not good. Concerning this hypothesis, news site Smithsonian.com Take an example from Colorado cognitive psychology professor Anne Cleary to explain. Suppose, you are taking a trip to Paris for the first time and visiting the Louvre. When you stare at the glass pyramid, people get a familiar feeling déjà vu, even though you have never been to the Louvre before, why is this phenomenon? Chances are your brain may not be able to find vital memory, which might explain why the Louvre is so familiar. Perhaps, as Cleary pointed out, if you had seen the Da Vinci Code a few months ago, which mentioned the pyramids and in the same case, it feels as familiar as one. something has been seen before. Actually, the memory is not good, doesn’t make the exact distinction. Another phenomenon that arises déjà vu is because parts of the brain work out of sync. The Rhinal cortex region that is responsible for activating the familiar activity sometimes malfunctions like an electronic device. It is activated without waking up the other memory processing areas to work together. That may explain why it is so difficult to describe the feeling when meeting déjà vu, it is often a vague familiarity, but not focused on a particular object or object. 4. Déjà vu is a manifestation of epilepsy On the lesser-known side, people with epilepsy experience a more familiar and more frequent feeling of déjà vu than people without the disorder. According to research, many people with epilepsy report a feeling of déjà vu before the seizure begins. In fact, the link between epilepsy and déjà vu has been mentioned since 1888, although human medicine was back then, did not know how to examine the brain and what about déjà vu is still very much. primitive. Specifically, the medial temporal lobe is considered the culprit, this is the part of the brain involved in sensory perception, speech language creation, and memory matching. During epilepsy, neurons are blocked, resulting in a mess of messages that are passed around the body. Déjà vu can be the result of a nerve cut across the face, the culprit causing epilepsy, and once nerve overlaps are the cause of déjà vu. 5. Chronic déjà vu is caused by brain damage Chronic déjà vu is a serious disease and also a form of proving that the neural mechanism is the culprit of the “back against” déjà vu recurrence. In extreme cases, people with chronic déjà vu often refuse to read newspapers or watch television, because they always feel like they’ve read or watched everything before. Even the act of going to the grocery store is a pain for this group of people, because it is impossible to distinguish which items have been bought and not purchased. In such cases, déjà vu overcame the interesting threshold, happened randomly and became a true disease. And, like most diseases in medicine, it must have a specific cause. Researchers have found that people with chronic déjà vu experience brain damage, especially those in the temporal region or the anterior area. Because blood vessels involved in memory and familiarity are damaged, and often disabled, patients often feel déjà vu, even making their daily lives difficult. than. BS. BEARING ( According to Grunge.com- December 2017 )

The change in the importance of words over time for social media posts. The program will then model how they evolve over time. This new tool is expected to help the medical industry combat misinformation online. “A lot of machine learning studies involve misinformation,” said Courtney Shelley, a postdoctoral fellow with the Modeling and Information Systems Group at the Los Alamos National Laboratory, and co-author of the study. Social media focuses on identifying different types of conspiracy theories. Instead, we want to create a more cohesive understanding of how misinformation changes as it is spread. People tend to believe the first message they get, the expert explains. So in the future, the health sector can keep track of which theories are attracting attention on social media. From there, help the health sector create real information, prevent the public from “accepting” fake news. Under the title “Thought I want to share first”, the study used anonymous Twitter data to describe four Covid-19 related topics. Using the collected data for each topic, the team built random machine learning models or artificial intelligence (AI). Then help classify whether that information is wrong or not. “This allows us to observe how individuals talk about this information on social media and see changes over time,” says co-author Dax Gerts. Research shows that posts that contain misinformation carry more negative emotions than usual. At the same time, these fake news tend to develop over time. Because, they are “augmented” details from other topics as well as events in the real world. Furthermore, the study found that surveillance machine learning could be used to automatically identify conspiracy theories. In addition, the unsupervised learning method can be used within each topic, to uncover changes in the importance of words. “It is important for health officials to know how conspiracy theories are evolving and attracting over time. If not, they run the risk of unintentionally making fake news publicly. So it’s important to know how conspiracy theories are changing and how they can incorporate other theories or real-world facts. As a result, helping to strategize coping with factual disclosure campaigns, ”said researcher Courtney Shelley.

Cheeky theft All 16,000 paintings, sculptures and ceramics in the Gardner Museum were collected by a woman named Isabella Stewart Gardner. After inheriting a huge fortune from her millionaire father in 1891, she and her husband Jack Gardner – also a millionaire – began to visit Europe, and buy Roman sculptures and vases. antique, paintings by painter Rembrandt. After realizing her collection was very valuable, she built a museum named after her in the hope that it would contribute to “educating and entertaining the public forever”. Empty picture frames at the Gardner Museum Isabella passed away in 1924, and due to the couple’s only child, who accidentally died at a young age, she confiscated the entire museum. However, without the financial patronage of the female millionaire, the Gardner Museum quickly declined. On the evening of March 18, 1993, two police robbers tricked two young night guards, 23-year-old Rick Abath and 25-year-old Randy Hestand, to open the door to the museum on the grounds of investigating a case. Puppet takes place inside. The two security guards had no doubt that March 18 was St. Patrick’s Day, which was an “occasion” for the people of Boston to party and fight. The two thieves quickly restrained Rick and Randy, disabled security cameras and removed the precious paintings from the frame. The two thieves left at 2:45 am, and two security guards were bound and gagged with tape until the other guards arrived at 8:15 a.m. Two thieves took away the most valuable artworks on display at the museum: Rembrandt’s only seascape painting “Storm on the Sea of ​​Galilee”, “Ladies and Gentlemen in Black” as well. by Rembrandt, one of more than 10 paintings surviving to this day by the most talented Dutch painter Johannes Vermeer “The Concert”. In addition, they also stole a self-portrait of the painter Rembrandt, 5 draft drawings by French Impressionist Edgar Degas, a painting by the painter Edouard Manet and when they could not remove the Yellow flag. When Napoleon came down, they took away an antique Chinese bronze jar. Painting “Storm on the Sea of ​​Galilee” painted by painter Rambrandt – the most valuable item of what was stolen When she donated the museum to the city of Boston, Isabella made it clear her condition in her will, presumably to protect her brainchild from merchants, that no one was allowed to sell or donate. Contribute works of art, do not add any new works, and do not rearrange collections, and if these terms are breached, everything, including land. The Gardner Museum built … will be renamed to Harvard University. These strict provisions inadvertently created a major obstacle for the museum’s management: they could not hang other paintings to replace stolen ones, so they had to hang empty frames – like one. how to remind all of the lost treasures. Years passed, and these frames became the most popular “works” here. For Anthony Amore, director of security at the Gardner Museum and chief investigator of the theft, the fact that visitors were more concerned with empty frames than the remaining works made him concerned that Theft will overshadow the real value of the stolen treasures. “The paintings are artifacts of hundreds of years ago, to demonstrate a past that is not preserved in photographs. With just one ticket, one can see Rembrandt’s brush strokes, and now Now, we don’t maintain museums for money, but because we want to end the tragedy of the missing paintings. ” Theories were put forward for three decades Mr. Anthony investigated the case as detailed and comprehensive as possible, because he believed that if he answered every tip-off email and followed every trace he received, no matter how far away they sounded, he would be. Surely he will find something. Mr. Amore is still working with FBI agent Geoff Kelly, who is in charge of investigating the Gardner burglary. Gardner museum’s security director, Mr. Anthony Amore Mr. Geoff is the latest FBI agent in a series of agents assigned to investigate the case since 1981. Over the past three decades, the FBI has conducted a series of underground investigation campaigns from Miami, USA to Japan. The village is far away, and every time they leave empty-handed. Mr. Witman, a retired FBI agent, believes that the Corsician gang’s line in France that he infiltrated under the guise of an antiques “trigger” in 2006 actually owns the paintings. stolen in 1981. However, since many years have passed, he is not sure if they still keep those treasures. Responding to this clue, Mr. Anthony said that the paintings were not in France. Currently, the FBI has come up with a theory that Anthony is quite confident, that is the artwork stolen by two low-level minions in a criminal organization in Boston. The FBI once believed that Carmello Merlino was holding them because during a 1998 eavesdropping, agents overheard Merlino blabbering that he knew where the spoils were. However, later, when arrested for armed robbery and interrogated by the FBI, he was unable to indicate where the Gardner museum property was hidden. Merlino was sentenced to 47 years in prison, and died in 2005. The FBI and Anthony tracked down two tycoons in Maine, USA in 2003 and almost found the stolen stuff. In 2013, the FBI announced that they knew the identities of both thieves, and that both had passed away. As of now, the paintings may be in New England, USA. Portrait sketch of two perpetrators Geoff maintains his theory: Boston tycoon Whitey Bulger donated the paintings to the Interim Irish Republican Army (IRA) – a paramilitary organization aimed at ending British rule in the North. Ireland, and the IRA have indeed been involved in a number of antiques smuggling. After Bulger was arrested and the museum’s assets have yet to be found, Geoff argued that the two thieves did not follow the IRA’s orders but were still associated with the organization because they committed the crime on St. Patrick’s Day – one Important holidays for the people of Ireland. In addition, it is true that the IRA stole works of art, but they only stole domestic museums, such as the Russborough Museum in Ireland – which has been stolen by the IRA four times in a row. Mr. Anthony also pointed out that there are many works of Rembrandt in Europe, so the IRA does not have to fly to America to cause the crime. Mr. Geoff’s hypothesis was supported by inspector Charles Hill – a member of the committee that had found the picture “Scream” in 1994 – supported. Mr. Charles asserted that gangster Martin Foley, owner of the notorious debt collection company Viper, which has a close relationship with the Rossborough Museum’s painting thief, has “led the way” to two perpetrators selling the items. Gardner Museum items, that’s why Martin knows where the paintings are. Currently, Martin Foley is being sued by the Irish Property Criminal Bureau for owing $ 830,000 in taxes and Charles convinced him that he would be rewarded with $ 10 million, more than enough to pay, if he would declare it all. However, Charles thinks Martin is afraid of being prosecuted by both the FBI and Ireland for possession of fraud. There is another theory about the people behind the theft, which is that two security guards staged the crime. Dutch historian Arthur Brand, who has been dubbed the real-life Indiana Jones, opposes this argument and believes two security guards were not involved in the case. Attempts to solve the case in 2021 The Gardner Museum is currently closed due to the epidemic, but Mr. Anthony still goes to work every day, communicating with all the informants about the case. Over the years, many witnesses have passed away, but Anthony patiently added new findings and reread the tens of thousands of pages of evidence the FBI had provided. This man believes the answer must lie somewhere. Former lawyer Martin Leppo, although he did not search for the paintings, was still unable to stop pursuing the case, partly because so many people contacted him every day. Of course, Mr. Martin also encountered many imposters. For example, in 2019, a woman demanded to meet him and insisted her father was involved in the case, and she knew where the paintings were. But when Mr. Martin asked to see the paintings, she disappeared. “A few days ago someone called me to invite me to Saudi Arabia because he had a clue where the stolen items were, and I told him if he could find it, call me back,” he said. .

The findings are largely as expected but still have many unanswered questions. This report has provided more in-depth details on the explanation behind the team’s conclusions. The report’s authors also propose further research on this except for the laboratory leak theory. The publication of the WHO report on the origin of the COVID-19 epidemic has been repeatedly delayed and raises questions about whether the Chinese side is falsifying the conclusion, to avoid accepting accusations that China is the place the origin of the pandemic. An official from the World Health Organization said over the weekend that the report is expected to be released “within the next few days”. The AP news agency said it had received what appeared to be the final version on March 29 from a WHO diplomat. It is not clear if the report will still be changed prior to publication. The diplomat does not want to be identified because they are not allowed to release the report before the final release is made public. The publication of a joint report between WHO and China on the origin of the COVID-19 pandemic has been repeatedly delayed. Photo: Reuters Researchers have listed four possible scenarios for the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Topping the list is transmission by an animal, which is most likely to occur. Researchers believe that the possibility of transmission through “frozen” food is also possible, but not high. The closest animal found to carry the corona virus, believed to be the source of COVID-19, is the bat. However, the report said, “the evolutionary gap between bat viruses and SARS-CoV-2 is estimated to be several decades, which suggests an uncertain association.” Viruses are also found in pangolins, the report says, and animals like weasels and cats are also susceptible to COVID-19. This shows that all of the above animals can be carriers. This report is based on the visit of an international team of WHO experts to the city of Wuhan, China where COVID-19 was first discovered. The group has worked from late mid-January to mid-February. Mr. Peter Ben Embarek, WHO expert who led the investigation team in Wuhan, said the report has been finalized and is being checked and translated. “I hope that in the next few days, the whole process will be completed and we can make this report publicly available,” said Peter Ben Embarek. The draft of the report does not conclude that the outbreak began at a seafood market in Wuhan – where the first outbreak was discovered in December 2019. Previous discovery of other infections has suggested that epidemics could have started elsewhere. The report notes that there can be milder cases that go undetected. As the pandemic spread globally, China found virus samples on frozen food packages introduced into the country, and it tracked the link between single outbreaks and these products. Frozen foods can be the cause of cross-border spread of viruses, the report confirms, but are unlikely to cause an outbreak, much less contagious than through transmission. Human-to-human respiration. “Although there is some evidence that the SARS-CoV-2 virus can be revived through contaminated frozen products imported into China since the beginning of the pandemic, this would be very unreasonable. usually in 2019 because then the virus is not widely circulated, ”the study said. sea ​​oats ( According to AP )

On March 30, the World Health Organization (WHO) and China released a joint report on the results of investigating the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing pandemic COVID-19, radio ABC (USA) reported. The report summarizes the results of the survey from January 14 to February 10 by the WHO expert group in China – an effort seen as the first step in the work that could take many years to find the source. COVID-19. Some members of the WHO investigation team (sitting in the car) surveyed at the Wuhan Virus Research Institute on February 3. Photo: REUTERS The report repeated many of the conclusions discussed by the expert group at the end of the mission in China and drew a clearer picture of the origin of the COVID-19 pandemic. Four hypotheses about the source of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to humans ABC has pointed out four hypotheses about the source of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection to humans are mentioned in a report published by WHO and China on March 30. 1. Is the virus transmitted directly from animals to humans? According to the WHO report, the SARS-CoV-2 virus can or is highly likely to have been transmitted directly from animals (most likely from bats) to humans through farming, hunting or close contact. difference between human and animal. 2. Is the virus transmitted to humans through an vector of an vector? According to WHO, there is a very high possibility that the SARS-CoV-2 virus from the original pathogen (bat) has been transmitted through mediators such as weasels, pangolins, rabbits … and humans are infected by exposure to secondary pathogens. this level. 3. Can people get a virus through frozen food products? According to WHO, this could happen. This means that people can become infected when they come into contact with frozen food contaminated with the bio-waste of animals infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus (without the need to come into contact with the original pathogen). 4. Is there a virus leak from the lab? This so-called “highly political” hypothesis has been repeatedly rejected by experts from China and the WHO. According to the latest WHO report, it is extremely unlikely that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is a product from a certain laboratory in China. Although assessing the SARS-CoV-2 virus leak hypothesis from the laboratory as unlikely, WHO Director-General Tedros noted that the experts have considered all the hypotheses and need further research to bring to make more certain conclusions. Hoa Nam Seafood Market is the “super infectious” nest, not the place where the epidemic begins According to WHO data, the first case of COVID-19 infection has been linked to the Hainan Seafood Market in Wuhan City, Hubei Province (China). WHO experts have taken large-scale samples at the Hoa Nam market – including samples from the environment, food and animals in the market. A total of 718 environmental samples were collected at Hoa Nam market and 14 samples were collected from warehouses related to Hoa Nam market. Some samples from the environment showed traces of the nucleic acid of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and some even showed virus isolation results. However, no trace of SARS-CoV-2 virus was found in market animals. Some members of the WHO investigation team came to investigate at Hoa Nam market in late January. Photo: REUTERS Meanwhile, the genomic sequences of several (human) cases related to the region are identical, leading scientists to speculate that the Hoa Nam market is a “super infectious” nest. Along with some analysis of the distribution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus variants, experts are continuing to examine the possibility that the SARS-CoV-2 virus appeared in the Hoa Nam market due to frozen products. The way to find the origin of COVID-19 is still very long WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus noted that “this report is a very important start but it is not the end point”. “We have yet to find the origin of the virus (SARS-CoV-2) and we must continue to follow the scientific recommendations and find out all possibilities as we are doing,” Tedros said in press conference on 30-3. Although many argue that the WHO March 30 report is nothing new, Dr. Ian Lipkin – Director of the Center for Infections and Immunology at Columbia University (USA) – describes it as a “extreme report. detailed and complete period “. Mr. Lipkin noted that what the scientists are trying to do is “re-enact events from a year and a half without the complete data and biological samples” so it could take years, or even never before. Now, find the exact conclusion. However, Mr. Lipkin reiterated that before the WHO expert group came to China, several routes of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus were envisioned and the WHO report provided possible data. prove those hypotheses. Meanwhile, Professor Vincent Racaniello – an expert in microbiology and immunology also at Columbia University – said that scientists were “lucky” to find clues about the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Mr. Racaniello reiterated that after many years, scientists have yet to find the origin of the Ebola virus.

Wuhan Institute of Virology – which is hypothesized to be the source of Covid-19 infection. (Source: Reuters) According to a report published on 30/3, a joint investigation by the World Health Organization (WHO) and China conducted on the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus causing acute respiratory infections (Covid- 19) concluded that it was “extremely unlikely” that the virus had escaped a laboratory in the central Chinese city of Wuhan. The origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is still questionable The report concludes that the virus is most likely transmitted to humans from an unknown animal, while contradicting the theory made by former US President Donald Trump that the Chinese lab may be the birthplace. virus. While China praised the report, 14 countries including Japan, the US, Australia, the UK, Canada and South Korea have expressed “common concern” about the study and claim that the investigation has was “delayed a long time and lacked access to complete data and originals”, and called for “a fast, efficient, transparent, science-based and independent process” to produce international assessments in case of future outbreaks. WHO Director-General Tedros Ghebreyesus said: “All theories are still being discussed. Although the team has concluded that the laboratory leak is the least likely hypothesis, it requires requiring further investigation, it is likely that additional missions including many experts will have to be deployed. According to WHO Director-General, the inspection team should have access to full data including biological samples from at least September 2019. He asserted that this report is a very important beginning and not the end. “We have not found the origin of the virus yet, and must continue to follow the science without missing any details”, Mr. Tedros Ghebreyesus stressed. While the majority of the report focuses on molecular studies, viral evolution, and potentially host animals, the report on potential laboratory leaks does. Very sketchy presentation. Although the host origin of SARS-CoV-2 is widely recognized, some scientists still maintain the view that this virus may have been collected and stored in the Wuhan Institute of Virology, despite the fact that Chinese scientists have rejected this claim. Viruses similar to SARS-CoV-2 were reported to have been found in bats and pangolins, but an intermediate host for transmission to humans has yet to be identified. This report is based on a study conducted by an international team of experts that mink and cats, which are known to be susceptible animals, may be one of the potential hosts. Need more information The Trump administration once hypothesized that the SARS-CoV-2 virus could have come from the Wuhan Institute of Virology and claimed that some researchers there had already had Covid-19-like symptoms in the fall. year 2019. However, the team said they found no evidence to support this claim during a January-February 2021 field trip to Wuhan City to investigate the source of the virus. The Chinese authorities have stated that the SARS-CoV-2 virus could have been introduced into the country through imported frozen food. Such transmission is possible but cannot be verified as imported frozen products are not considered a potential path of infection during early spread, the team report said. viruses and there were no tests for them at the time. Matthew Kavanagh, a researcher at Georgetown University, said the report said more in-depth information about the origin of the virus, but more information is needed. “Obviously, the Chinese government does not provide all the necessary data, and until they do this, the conclusions will be very difficult,” said researcher Matthew Kavanagh. The reporting team included experts from many different countries and officials from WHO, World Veterinary Organization and the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. The team, after being quarantined for two weeks in Wuhan in mid-January 2021, inspected the research institute and other places believed to be related to the virus such as seafood markets. They also had discussions with Chinese experts. Representatives of the WHO and China expert group at a joint press conference in Wuhan on February 9. (Source: Reuters) “Opposite” views Jesse Bloom, an expert on evolutionary biology at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center in Seattle (USA), said he does not believe that a lab leak is unlikely. The expert agrees that the virus naturally evolved to spread to humans, but he did not see any explanation in the report disproving the possibility that the SARS-CoV-2 virus could catch. source from a laboratory. Meanwhile, Mr. Peter Daszak, a member of the WHO expert group, a British ecologist in infectious diseases, and the executive director of the Ecological Health Coalition – a disease prevention organization in New York. , has voiced opposition to the flow of comments criticizing the research results and the degree of cooperation of China. Mr. Peter Daszak said that the lab leak hypothesis “has political purposes from the very beginning”. Dr. Daszak added that the WHO team of experts was not prohibited from participating in interviews with scientists who were on the ground during the early stages of the pandemic. Mr. Daszak himself has also been accused of a conflict of interest due to collaborating research on the virus with the Wuhan Institute of Virology, which he thinks an infectious disease ecologist should do. “We were in the right place because we knew there was a risk of disease outbreaks. We were working there with this exact team and it happened,” said Dr Daszak. A group of scientists not affiliated with WHO is calling for a new investigation into the origins of the Covid-19 pandemic. They argue that such an investigation needs to consider the possibility of the virus spreading from a laboratory in Wuhan or infecting people inside it. (synthetic)

The WHO report on the origins of the Covid-19 pandemic is still not clear enough. (Source: You Gov) The report was made by a group of 34 people made up of Chinese scientists and international experts who were sent to Wuhan, China to investigate a series of politically controversial questions, such as whether the virus could unintentionally emerge from a Chinese laboratory or not. Here are the key takeaways from this report. The results are not satisfactory However, the results of the report do not seem to satisfy much of the world, raising even more doubts. First, there is concern among experts about China refusing to share original data about the first Covid-19 cases. WHO Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus acknowledged those concerns when he released the report on March 30. Mr. Tedros also criticized China for not releasing sufficient data to international experts. Second, for experts, this survey is still limited and has not yielded results that make them satisfied. WHO working group leader to Wuhan, PhD. The experts have only just touched the surface of things and will need a lot more research, says Ben Embarek. This expert noted, the time of discovery of the first cases in December 2019 with all cases worsening. As a result, cases of mild or asymptomatic symptoms may have already appeared in the community. According to Mr. Embarek, Wuhan is one of the central cities of China with direct flights to almost all parts of the world. As a result, the virus could have been quietly moving around the world a few months earlier. Mr. Tedros himself hopes that future studies will be “shared more in a timely and comprehensive manner.” The Wuhan Virus Research Institute, which allegedly leaked the SARS-CoV-2 virus to the world. (Source: AFP) Rebuttal of the laboratory hypothesis For months, scientists, politicians and people outside of China have hypothesized that the virus could have been an accident from a laboratory in China. While there are conflicting opinions on the above hypothesis, they still urge WHO to strictly investigate this possibility. The report has completely rejected the theory of the virus being leaked from the lab and argues that this is “very unlikely”. Experts are mainly based on conversations with scientists in Wuhan. But the WHO Director-General unexpectedly aroused skepticism, saying that this theory needed further investigation and that he was ready to deploy more experts to do so. “I do not believe this assessment is wide enough. We will need more data and more research to come to more certain conclusions” – Mr. Tedros said at the press conference on 30/3. Experts at the Wuhan Virus Research Institute say they have not dealt with any viruses that are closely related to the corona virus that caused this pandemic and say that the staff has been trained on how to ensure that safety. Some critics claim that the WHO investigation team is “controlled” by China and has undergone an investigation of the laboratory in Wuhan. Raina MacIntyre, head of the biosecurity program at the Kirby Institute at the University of New South Wales, Australia, expressed skepticism about the results of the investigation: “There is definitely a possibility of an accident in the laboratory. ” The role of Wuhan Seafood Market The team concluded that the corona virus could appear in bats before being spread to humans through an intermediate animal. But the team said there was not enough evidence to determine the spread of the virus from animals. In the early part of the pandemic, Chinese officials theorized that the corona virus outbreak could have originated in the South China seafood market. It was reported more than a year later that the role of animal markets in the story of the pandemic remains unclear. The team of experts, after studying the reports of the vendors at this market, found that many initial infections had absolutely no clear association with Hoa Nam market. A market in Wuhan city. (Source: New York Times) According to the report, of the initial confirmed cases, about 28% were linked to the Huanan market and 23% were linked to other markets in Wuhan, while 45% had no further history. contact with markets. “There are no definitive conclusions about Hoa Nam’s role in the cause of the outbreak, or the cause of the spread of the virus in the markets,” the report said. The report also points out that more in-depth studies on Chinese farms and wildlife are needed, as the truth about the role of markets during the pandemic may be unraveled. Depends on China The team of experts made a long list of recommendations for additional research such as: more testing on wildlife and domestic animals in China and Southeast Asia; further study of the first Covid-19 infections; and continues to hunt down all routes of infection from farms to markets in Wuhan. But it is not clear whether China, which has repeatedly obstructed the WHO investigation, will continue to cooperate. Chinese officials have sought to divert attention to another matter, suggesting that the virus may have appeared in the US or in other countries. The delay in the investigation has affected its ability to prevent further pandemics from happening in the future, experts say. Michael Baker, professor of public health at the University of Otago in New Zealand, said: “This delay has clearly damaged the investigation’s ability to recreate the origins of Covid-19 and identifying ways to reduce future risk of infection. (According to the New York Times)

The fate of Captain Briggs and his family and the crew of the Mary Celeste ship is still an unanswered question. Artwork: Vessel Finder.

Journey from New York (USA), to Genoa (Italy) is a relatively short journey, but Briggs has good reason to be cautious. Not only did he use his savings to buy a ship, but his wife, Sarah, and 2-year-old daughter, Sophia, followed Briggs during the trip.

On November 3, 1872, Briggs sent a letter to his mother in Marion, Massachusetts. “Our ship is beautifully decorated,” he wrote. “I hope we will have a good journey.” Four days later, he and his crew and family set out. But they never returned.

Eight days after the Mary Celeste ship left New York Harbor, the escort ship Dei Gratia of Canada set sail on the same voyage to Genoa. The trip was not special until the afternoon of December 4, when the crew saw a ship drifting between the Azores archipelago and the Portuguese coast in the North Atlantic. After signaling to the Mary Celeste but received no response, Captain David Morehouse sent three people to inspect. They see the scene like in a ghost story.

The ship was not silhouetted. The rudder rotates indefinitely on the empty deck. One sail was damaged while the other sails were out of shape. The only lifeboat is gone and one of the ship’s pumps has been disassembled. Except for a few damaged boxes, the cargo on board was intact. The hull was about a meter in depth, not to worry. The warehouse is fully stocked to last up to 6 months. The crew left their cigarettes and pipes behind. In the captain’s room, everything remains in place.

The last entry of the log was dated November 24 with common information, but the location of the Mary Celeste was about 400 nautical miles west of where the Dei Gratia discovered it. There is no explanation as to why Captain Briggs left the ship in the middle of the ocean and how it could travel so far with just one sail. Captain Morehouse decided to bring the Mary Celeste to the port of Gibraltar. Under the maritime law, he is entitled to a share of the total value of the ship and the amount of cargo it carries. This is a decision he and the crew will later regret.

The hearing to determine the fate of the derelict ship was conducted by Attorney General Gibraltar Frederick Solly-Flood. He believes that a serious crime took place under the influence of alcohol, despite the fact that the cargo that the Mary Celeste was carrying was mainly toxic industrial alcohol.

The Flood hypothesis was that the crew destroyed and killed the captain and his family in a drunken stupor. In order to conceal their crimes, they damaged the bow of the ship to look like it had collided, then left on the lifeboat with most of the captain’s navigation and papers.

Morehouse and the crew of the ship Dei Gratia were also questioned by Flood. According to him, they lied about where the Mary Celeste was found and falsified the ship’s log. Although Flood’s hypotheses were later disproved, doubts remained with Captain Moorehouse and his crew for the remainder of his career.

For more than a century, countless theories about the disappearance of the family of Captain Briggs and the crew of the ship Mary Celeste have been put forward, whether they were attacked by pirates, hit by giant killer squids or even is being kidnapped by aliens.

More plausibly, the damaged barrels in the ship’s bunker sparked speculation that a concussion caused the leak of flammable alcohol vapors. An explosion could panic Captain Briggs and order the ship to abandon the ship too soon. However, if so, the Dei Gratia’s crew must smell strange when boarding or detect signs of fire.

Up to now, questions about the whereabouts of 10 people aboard the Mary Celeste that disappeared in the North Atlantic between November 24 and December 4, 1872 have not been answered. The available data is so meager and the possibilities are almost limitless.

The fate of the Mary Celeste ship, though, is clear. In January 1885, it was sunk on a reef off the coast of Haiti. The ship’s captain, Gilman C. Parker, conspired with a group of Boston shippers to cheat insurance money. The ghost ship will never set sail again.

In 2008, the movie Changeling by Clint Eastwood recalls one of the most bizarre and tragic stories of the 1920s. Single mother Christine Collins says her 9-year-old son, Walter Collins, went missing in March 1928 at home. exclusively in Los Angeles City – USA.

Five months later, the police brought “Walter” back to Mrs. Christine but it was not Walter but another boy. Although the woman knew this was not her son, the Los Angeles City police dispelled Christine’s concerns, even accused her of failing to fulfill the mother’s responsibility and forced her to go to a mental hospital.

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Walter Collins is never actually found. Some time later, authorities believed the boy was one of the victims of the convicted child murderer Gordon Stewart Northcott. Meanwhile, Northcott’s mother confessed to the murder of Walter.

So far, the boy’s body has not been found and no one knows what happened. It is also unclear why the police wanted to cover up the boy’s disappearance that they brought another child to Christine and tried to convince the woman and the public that it was Walter. .

11. Female students go to another planet?

Paula Jean Welden, 18 years old, is a second year student at Bennington College (USA). On December 1, 1946, Welden informed his roommate, Elizabeth Parker, that she had taken a hike but was unable to return.

Authorities immediately launched a search on the 435-kilometer Long Trail that cuts through Vermont to the Canadian border, where some local witnesses reported seeing the girl.

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However, they did not find any clues. Police then received information from a Massachusetts waitress who had served an excited girl, matching Paula’s identity.

Upon learning of this information, Paula’s father disappeared for 36 hours, supposedly to “follow the trail of his daughter”, but it was the strange move that made him the No. 1 suspect in the Paula disappearance.

Next, stories about Paula’s home life began to spread, almost as unusual as her parents told the police. Apparently, Paula had not returned home on Thanksgiving the week before, seeming to feel anxious about her dissonance with her father. Paula’s father, on the other hand, theorized that his daughter was “distraught by liking a guy so he must be a suspect”.

A decade later, a local man in the town of Bennington, Vermont, twice told his friends that he knew where Paula’s body was buried. However, he couldn’t bring the police in ?! With no evidence of crime, no body and no forensic clue, the incident has become increasingly mysterious, including those related to the paranormal hypothesis.

12. Three people guarding the lighthouse

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In 1900, the three lighthouses guarding the Flannan Islands, off the west coast of Scotland, suddenly disappeared in confusion. The lighthouse is overseen by a group of four including Thomas Marshall, James Ducat, Donald MacArthur and one person alternating from the shore.

On December 26, 1900, the fourth person took turns to the lighthouse but could not see the other 3 people. This person saw an overturned chair near the kitchen table. No body was found. It is believed that 3 people drowned, kidnapped by foreign agents, a ghost ship or giant sea monster. Until now, the secret is still buried.

13. The dog’s death bridge

The Overtoun Bridge, near Dumbarton – Scotland, seems to have the force of calling for dogs to plunge into death. Since the early 1960s, about 50 dogs have perished under this bridge and hundreds more have jumped down but survived. Below the Overtoun Bridge at an altitude of 15 m are jagged rocks.

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The Scottish Association against Cruelty of Animals sent people to investigate, but to no avail. Scientifically, it can be said that dogs have the ability to “form suicidal intentions”. However, something was enticing them to jump off the bridge, often from the same spot and always on sunny days.

Many theories have come up, including the haunted bridge (which is popular after a local man threw his young son down the bridge and killed him in 1994), a weasel mark the area with a scent that attracts dogs or an unusual sound at the bridge that only dogs can hear.

14. “Monsters” are gray

The Big Gray Man is a mysterious creature believed to haunt the second highest peak in Scotland, Ben Macdui. In the native Scottish language, this creature is called Am Fear Liath Mòr.

Like the Yeti (snowman) of the Himalayas and the Big Foot (big-legged monster) in the Pacific Northwest, the Big Gray Man is confirmed to have been seen by several witnesses.

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The appearance of this creature is not like a bear. Those who have seen the Big Gray Man describe it as tall (over 3 meters) and human-like with short hair, wide shoulders, and long arms. Nearly all of Big Gray Man’s appearances have been accompanied by the sound of gravel beneath its footsteps.

Scientists have yet to come up with an explanation for the Big Gray Man sightings and accompanying sound. Meanwhile, psychologists argue that those who are supposed to see and hear the Big Gray Man are in a state of physical and mental distress due to exhaustion or feeling alone.

15. The occult colony of Roanoke

In 1587, John White led a group of people from England to colonize on Roanoke Island, located in a chain of islands today known as the Outer Banks, North Carolina – USA.

White then leaves to find more supplies. But when he returned three years later, he found the colony abandoned, in which all houses and structures were carefully dismantled.

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Before leaving Roanoke Island, White instructed the group from England that if they were captured by force, they had to carve a cross into a nearby tree but there was no cross. The only clue is from “Croatoan”, the name of an indigenous tribe allied with Britain. White understood this to mean that the group had moved to Croatoan Island (now known as the Hatteras).

Investigations conclude that the group was “slaughtered by the Powhatan tribe” but there is no archaeological evidence for this. Conducting a recent review of official sources, it was discovered that an earlier group of people might have been slaughtered rather than White’s.

Some hypotheses suggest that they and the Croatoans or local tribes have merged, but so far no evidence of DNA has been found to help identify their descendants. Scientists are still unable to explain this ocean mystery.

16. Circleville letter writer

In 1976, residents of Circleville City, Ohio – USA, received anonymous letters. They were postmarked from the city of Columbus in the same state, filled with harsh words.

The text of the letter reminds one of the alleged relationship between the school bus driver Mary Gillespie and the superintendent. A letter was sent to Mr. Ron, Mary’s husband, threatening his life if he does not end his love for his wife.

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By 1977, Mr. Ron was killed in a suspicious car crash, including shooting. However, the local police chief said that Mr. Ron’s death was just an accident. After that, Circleville City residents began receiving letters accusing the sheriff of covering up the incident.

Letters continued throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, even after Ron’s sister’s husband, Paul Freshour, was found guilty of “writing letters and trying to kill Mary with a single gun. pistol”.

However, even when Mr. Freshour went to jail, letters still appeared. Mr. Freshour even received a letter from among them. In 1994, Mr. Freshour was released and died in 2012. The true identity of “Circleville Writer” remains in darkness. Some believe it is Mr. Freshour. Others suspect it is Mary, who used the letters to support her perfect murder of her husband.

17. The Tunguska Facts

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On the morning of June 30, 1908, nearly 2,000 square kilometers of forest in Siberia – Russia was cut down by “an explosion”. There are no witnesses or evidence associated with this event. It was named “the Tunguska event”. Scientists classify it as a “collision event”, meaning that the collision can be recorded between two astronomical objects, such as an asteroid and the earth.

However, no craters were found in the “collision”. So scientists can only guess what happened, maybe an asteroid exploded on Earth, causing the aforementioned devastation in Siberia.

18. Flight MH370

On March 8, 2014, while flying from Malaysia to China, a Boeing 777 carrying 239 passengers and a crew member of the Malaysian Airlines airline suddenly disappeared.

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One of the largest multinational search operations in aviation history found just 20 of the plane’s debris. Malaysia’s Prime Minister declined to comment beyond saying the plane had disappeared over the Indian Ocean.

Theories included, hijacked, captured by the US, crew committed suicide (there is information that the pilot is having a marriage problem), fire on a plane, plunging into the sea, natural Jelly attacks and even gets captured by aliens. But until now, this is still the biggest mystery in the history of modern world aviation.