Theme 2021 – Strength beyond all odds What is albinism? Albinism is a rare, non-contagious genetic difference that is inherited from birth. In almost all types of albinism, both parents must carry the gene for the inheritance, even if they do not themselves have albinism. The condition is found in both sexes regardless of ethnicity and in all countries of the world. Albinism results in a lack of pigment (melanin) in the hair, skin, and eyes, leaving the skin vulnerable to sunlight and light. As a result, most people with albinism are visually impaired and prone to skin cancer. There is currently no cure for the absence of melanin pigment. Singer and model Connie Chiu was born in Hong Kong. As the fourth child in a Chinese family, she is the only one born with albinism. Connie and her family moved to Sweden, where she grew up studying art and journalism. (Photo: OHCHR) It is estimated that in North America and Europe 1 in 17,000 to 20,000 people have some form of albinism. The condition is much more common in sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 1 in 1,400 people affected in Tanzania and a high prevalence of 1/1000 for certain populations in Zimbabwe and other specific ethnic groups in South Africa. Health challenges of people living with albinism The lack of the pigment melanin makes people with albinism very susceptible to skin cancer. In some countries, the majority of people with albinism die of skin cancer between the ages of 30 and 40. Skin cancer is preventable when people with albinism enjoy the right to health care, including the right to regular checkups, the use of sunscreen, sunglasses, and sun-protective clothing. In some countries, these ‘lifesaving’ means are not readily available or very difficult to reach for those with the disease. Thus, in a developing world, people with albinism have been and are among the “farthest left behind”. The United Nations emphasizes the need to target human rights interventions in the manner envisioned by the Sustainable Development Goals. Due to a lack of melanin pigment in the skin and eyes, people with albinism often experience permanent vision loss. (Photo: Eyes on Europe) People with albinism and human rights People with albinism face many forms of discrimination. Albinism is still deeply misunderstood, both socially and medically. The physical appearance of people with albinism often makes them objects of alienation due to false beliefs and superstitions that have existed for centuries. Such misconceptions are still present in attitudes and practices around the world. This makes people with albinism even more marginalized and excluded. Independent UN expert on the rights of people with albinism The United Nations Human Rights Council passed a resolution in 2013 calling for the prevention of attacks and discrimination against people with albinism. Furthermore, in response to calls from civil society organizations to support the designation of people with albinism as a specific group with special needs requiring special attention, the Council adopted the mandate Independent Expert on Human Rights of People with Albinism. In June 2015, the Human Rights Council appointed Ms. Ikponwosa Ero as the first Independent Expert on the human rights of people with albinism. An albino child parades through the streets of Harare during World Albinism Awareness Day 2016. (Image: AP) Violence and discrimination against people with albinism Although it is reported that people with albinism globally face stigma and discrimination, information about cases of physical attacks targeting people with albinism mainly comes from present in African countries. People with albinism face more severe forms of discrimination and violence in those areas, where most of the general population is relatively dark-skinned. In other words, a greater degree of contrast in pigments generally leads to a higher degree of discrimination. Albinism is a rare, non-communicable condition that is inherited at birth. The disease is found in both sexes, regardless of ethnicity, in all countries of the world. (Photo: UN) There have been hundreds of assaults and murders with albinism reported in 28 countries in sub-Saharan Africa over the past decade. The attacks have several root causes including longstanding stigma, poverty and harmful practices stemming from beliefs in the wizarding world. The alarming fact is that these horrible practices continue to this day. The way in which people with albinism face discrimination, and how severe it is, varies from region to region. In the Western world, including North America, Europe and Australia, discrimination often includes name-calling, persistent teasing and bullying of children with albinism. There is little information from other regions such as Asia, South America and the Pacific. However, some reports indicate that in China and other Asian countries, children with albinism face abandonment by their families. Quynh Hoa According to United Nations

Previously, on May 17, the patient was transferred for treatment at the Central Hospital for Tropical Diseases after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2. At that time, T. was pregnant at 35 weeks. On June 9, the patient successfully gave birth to a baby girl weighing 2.2 kg at 38 weeks of gestation. After giving birth, the woman was transferred to the Hepatitis Department for further Covid-19 treatment. After giving birth, the baby was cared for and nurtured by 2 nurses from the Pediatric Department to avoid infection from the mother. After 14 days of treatment, T. had 3 times tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. T.’s daughter is in the F1 category, has been isolated for 7 days and has also tested negative 3 times. Therefore, both mother and child are eligible to be discharged from the hospital according to regulations. After returning to the locality, they will continue to isolate and monitor their health at home. To ensure the safety of mother and child, the Central Hospital for Tropical Diseases arranged a car and sent a nurse to take them home after nearly a month away from home. The daughter of pregnant woman T. is taken care of by medical staff in a separate area to avoid contracting the virus from her mother. Photo: BVCC. Pediatrician nurse Nguyen Thi Phuong Dung, who directly took care of the baby, said: “Since the baby was born, me and a colleague have been assigned to take care of the baby. Thief, the baby is very good. The last two days. Here, during the day, he eats and sleeps, but at night he is disturbed. That’s why we have to take turns holding him. However, he eats well and is in stable health. To this day, he is hard. cable a lot”. In addition to the above 2 cases, on June 15, 4 other patients being treated for Covid-19 at the Central Hospital for Tropical Diseases had 2 or more negative times. They were also discharged from the hospital and returned to their place of residence, continuing to isolate and monitor for 14 days at home.

Cactus: Not to be placed in the living room The living room is not suitable for placing cactus, aloe, pine trees. Because these plants carry “killing gas”. If planting these plants in the living room will directly affect the feelings between family members, causing quarrels, unable to live in harmony. The living room should be placed with talented flowers such as rich bamboo, noble orchid, red candle scene pineapple. These trees represent auspicious wishes. Not only brings good luck, but also creates a very special aesthetic. Tulips: Do not put in the office The office is a place where we learn and create, it is necessary to create a quiet and comfortable atmosphere for this space. But tulips have toxic alkaline substances, if accidentally touched, it will easily cause hair and hair loss. Therefore, tulips should not be placed in the office. In addition, tulips also break the feng shui of the office, making the homeowner’s career path in trouble. The office corner is suitable for placing daffodils. This flower has the effect of avoiding evil, eliminating uncleanness, implying auspicious intentions and talent. In addition, orchids symbolize elegance and grace, and are also suitable for placing in the book room. In addition, to activate feng shui wealth and prosperity, promote the fortune and career of the owner, homeowners can place here Van Xuong Tower. Ylang-Ylang: Do not put in the bedroom Feng shui indicates that it is not appropriate to place hyacinths as well as plants that give off a scent in the evening. This plant will produce strong tactile stimulants, extremely dangerous for people with high blood pressure and heart disease. Similarly, plants that smell like conifers should not be placed in the bedroom, because they give off an oily scent, making people feel nauseous. Placing these plants in the room for a long time not only affects human health, but also leads to bad luck. Plants with long pointed leaves, trees with yin properties Do not choose yin plants such as those belonging to the family of decisions, because if they live well, it means that your house has yin and is not clean. In addition, plants with long pointed leaves should not be planted in the house because the feng shui meaning is not good, it is easy to make the homeowner entangled in disputes, quarrels, and life is not peaceful. Withered flowers: Must be thrown away The house needs vitality, freshness, and joy, but withered plants only bring lack of life, boredom, and sadness to the people living there. No matter how beautiful or precious the tree is, everyone should not hesitate to keep it in the house because in the end, it only takes effort to take care of, bring bad luck, but the tree is not necessarily alive. To avoid this, you need to spend time taking care of the plants, watering regularly. If you see them showing signs of wilting, immediately remove them. * Information in the article is for reference only!

King Kangxi is famous as the most prosperous king in China. Historians have recorded that in his harem, there were 4 queens, 49 from noble people and above, 67 people received official ordination and those who served the king but were in the lower quintile did not. under 200. In terms of children, he has 55 children, 35 princes and 20 princesses. The ancient emperors had a powerful harem, spent the night with hundreds of thousands of people but did not have sexual diseases. (Illustration) As for King Tan Vu De, it is said that the number of beauties must be up to ten thousand people, even to build more palaces. Many people also say that because there were too many concubines, every night he used goats to choose where to spend the night. Although the number of people “close” to the king was not less than a few dozen, the ancient emperors did not suffer from sexual diseases. This is due to the following 3 reasons. 1. Check the girls’ “chasteness” before entering the palace In fact, any girl before entering the palace goes through a rigorous selection process. The first and most important thing besides looks is the issue of virginity. Checking for the “pure” problem of girls is done with many measures. The most complete form is archery sa. This is the method of “experimenting the body” handed down and originated in the Han Dynasty. The ancient Chinese emperors had hundreds and thousands of concubines, so to manage and prevent the adulterous concubines, they found the method of archery. The method of archery is to check the “chasteness” of girls before entering the palace. Archery is a red lipstick that is applied to women’s hands to mark their virginity. According to legend, this red mark will never disappear if the woman is still white, and if this girl later has a male-female relationship, the palace will immediately fade. However, modern medicine today has not found any scientific evidence to verify that the above test is reasonable. Another “pure” test method is to observe the breasts. According to the observations of the ancients, pregnant women often have larger breasts, so they infer that a girl who has never had sex will have small breasts. This belief was further reinforced by the theory that sperm, after entering a woman’s vagina, would travel through her body and travel to her breasts, causing them to grow and sag. However, checking virginity by nipple or breast is not necessarily accurate, because the size and color of each woman’s nipple depends on each person’s skin pigmentation. It is to ensure that the girls are still “virgin” before meeting the king that will prevent them from contracting sexual diseases due to previous relationships. In addition, the young girls were also checked for their health and disease status, so this also reduced the risk of sexually transmitted diseases and transmitted to the emperor. 2. Check before sex Any beauty chosen to “overnight” with the king must have a strict health and body check. (Illustration) Even when the girls have been recruited into the lineup of beauties entering the palace, health checks are still conducted regularly. Before the emperor wanted to get intimate with any girl, she had to be checked to make sure she was in good health. If sick, the eunuchs would immediately revoke their titles and not allow them to be close to the king. Although there may still be cases of bribing eunuchs to bypass censorship, this is still rare and reduces the risk of illness. Moreover, when choosing anyone, the emperor must also consider whether the woman has good fertility because this is related to the maintenance of the breed, so health is always very important. 3. Only have sex with one person Today, people with sexually transmitted diseases often have relationships with many other people and do not have a safe method. However, the ancient courtesans had only the emperor, so they did not have a source of infection, so the emperor’s rate of sexual infection was relatively low. Although it is difficult for emperors to catch diseases from the beauties chosen to enter the palace, it is also difficult to avoid sexually transmitted diseases if they have relationships with outside girls. King Dong Tri, because he went back and forth with the green girl outside, died due to syphilis. Typically, the 10th emperor of the Qing Dynasty, Dong Tri, is said to have contracted syphilis from a green house girl. According to some documents recorded at that time, hundreds of thousands of beautiful women in the palace were not enough to satisfy the desires of Emperor Dong Tri. At night, he often took the eunuch Chau Dao Anh out to the gathering place of green girls in the south of the capital to seek physical pleasures. After these “disgraceful acts”, Dong Tri was infected Willow tree and passed away at the age of 20. From the symptoms described in detail, later people determined that he had syphilis. Although the ancient kings did not have sexual diseases despite having relationships with many people, that does not mean that we can apply it to modern life. Because today, not everyone has a dedicated team of doctors to check the health of their “partner” before having sex, and comfortable sex will also put people at greater risk of disease. . Here are some ways to prevent sexually transmitted diseases According to the Boldsky Here are 7 things you need to keep in mind to protect yourself from sexually transmitted diseases – Do not have sex too early: Sexual activity at a young age is one of the common causes of infection with sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The earlier you have sex, the higher your risk of contracting the disease. – Do not have indiscriminate relations, be faithful to one wife and one husband – Use condoms during sex -Clean the genitals before and after sex Avoid sex while drunk or on drugs: Drinking alcohol or using any other drug can make you lose control. This greatly affects your actions. -Regular reproductive health check

Make it a habit to wash your hands. Hand washing protects health and saves lives. However, this can aggravate some skin lesions such as atopic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, psoriasis … if anyone has it, specifically making the skin drier, cracked, irritated, even even an infection. So what’s the advice: – Dry hands after each hand wash: After washing, dry your hands carefully with a clean towel or tissue, especially between your fingers, as bacteria are more easily transmitted between wet hands. – Use moisturizer to reduce the unwanted effects of heavy hand washing: Frequent hand washing can damage the skin barrier, leaving skin dry and cracked. So moisturizing the skin of the hands is the most important thing. Not only people with diseases but also those with healthy skin should take care of their skin. How to use moisturizer correctly: Take a pea-sized amount of cream, rub it all over your hands, paying attention to the fingertips as this is an easy place to dry and crack. Apply yin lotion after you’ve washed and dried your hands, or whenever your skin feels dry. Besides, you should consult a dermatologist about the right product. Avoid washing hands with hot water: Hot water will make the skin quickly dry and wrinkled, cracked, so only warm water should be used to wash your hands. – Wear rubber gloves When having to contact cleaning chemicals or working in a humid environment, the time to wear gloves should be as short as possible to avoid sweating hands, which aggravates skin damage. BSCKII. Bui Quang Hao ( Head of Infection Control Department, National Hospital of Dermatology )

Designer Alber Elbaz has just died at the age of 59, after suffering from COVID-19. Photo: theguardian.com The announcement of Richemont President – Mr. Johann Rupert stated: “I am extremely shocked and sad to hear that Alber has suddenly died”. Meanwhile, veteran fashion writer Suzy Menkes quoted Rupert’s Instagram post saying that the stylist Elbaz “left the world after a three-week struggle with COVID-19”. Elbaz passed away due to COVID-19 on April 24, but did not confirm reports that the designer was being treated at the American Hospital in Neuilly-sur-Seine, according to a spokeswoman for the Richemont Group. the suburbs of Paris (France). Designer Alber Elbaz, born 1961 in Morocco, is one of the most beloved figures in the fashion world. His talent is confirmed in 14 years working for the Lanvin brand (2001-2015) as a creative director. He has diligently restored the charm of the oldest French luxury fashion brand, by blowing bright colors into the classic Lavin designs. French President Emmanuel Macron praised designer Elbaz for “making France’s distinctive elegance shine around the world.” Meanwhile, Vogue (UK) magazine editor-in-chief Edward Enninful emphasized: “He He is one of the most creative, funniest men in fashion and has always been a pioneer in the industry. He is one of the most talented designers I’ve ever worked with – although he has always liked to call himself a ‘tailor’. At the end of October 2015, Elbaz left the Lavin fashion house and established partnerships with many other fashion houses, including the Swiss fashion group Richemont.

Patients with hair loss and eyebrows. Exploiting her medical history, the patient said that since 2014, she has had dark spots on her face alternating with hypopigmented spots. At the same time, during that time, her hair gradually fell out, the hairline was gradually receding towards the top of her head. She said that she had received topical treatment (unknown type), laser treatment and darkened skin condition improved slightly but then returned. Hearing many people tell me that taking Chinese medicine can improve, she did use it, but her hair and skin condition remained unchanged. In 2017, her hair loss was more, there were many changes in pigmentation, she went to the Department of Aesthetics – Dermatology Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City to examine. Dr. Tran Nguyen Anh Tu – Deputy Head of Department of Aesthetic Skin – Ho Chi Minh City Dermatology Hospital said that at the time of examination, he noted that the patient suffered from hair loss ½ of the front of the scalp, falling eyebrows. Many hyperpigmentation macules scattered across the face, neck, scalp … do not flake, do not inflame red. The patient has been identified with a combination of frontal fibrosis (FFA) and lichen planus (LPP). According to Dr. Anh Tu, patients with a combination of these two diseases are quite rare, usually aged 25-56 years old, or appear in people with dark skin type. Most tanning appear about 14 months before, then gradually appear hair loss, an average of 1 year progresses from 0.6-1.1 cm. The cause is still unknown, but the disease is related to sunlight, contact dermatitis … the treatment is still difficult, especially to restore the lost hair.

Doctor Nguyen Van Cong – Deputy Director of Cardiology Center, Vinh Phuc General Hospital said: As for the syndrome of Nguyen Thanh A patient encountered, it is a rare disease, especially young patients. The treatment is somewhat more difficult, in addition to the time of treatment (fast, timely) also has a great significance in keeping the patient’s life. Currently, there are 3 methods of treating disease such as using electric shock machines, drugs to suppress the disease and electromagnetic waves to detect the location to burn (damage) and destroy the disease waves. The above methods are the most radical treatment plan compared to other methods, definitive treatment does not recur.

Doctor Nguyen Van Cong added that the case of A patient was the first case of Wolff Parkinson White syndrome successfully treated by Vinh Phuc General Hospital. Usually, this dangerous disease will have to be transferred to higher levels for treatment and few provincial hospitals can treat patients with the above syndrome.

Before that, patient Nguyen Thanh Y was taken to Vinh Phuc Province General Hospital on April 11, 2021 with clinical symptoms such as anxiety, shortness of breath, chest pain, and heart palpitations. Admitting the patient, the doctors diagnosed the patient with paroxysmal tachycardia, the time of checking the patient’s heart rate 229 times / minute (compared with a normal person with a heart rate of 70-80 times / minute). Patient was diagnosed with Wolff Parkinson White syndrome (WPW), described in 1930 by 3 authors L. Wolff; J. Parkison and PD White. The development of the patient’s health, the treating doctors contacted Hanoi Heart Hospital for professional and technical support. Through confirmed diagnosis this is a case of Wolff Parkinson White syndrome, very rare, the rate of 20 to 30 people / hundred thousand people. With a scientific treatment regimen, after 1.5 hours of actively treating Nguyen Thanh Ut patient’s health, she has recovered normally. Currently, the patient’s health is stable.

Thuy Nga and Kim Ngan’s mother.

Kim Ngan became crazy because he saw the bloody shooting scene

In Ms. Huong’s memory, Kim Ngan is a cute, obedient and filial girl with her mother. When she was a child, she attended French school. She hired a private teacher to teach her, so she studied very well. She was mostly ranked 1 – 2 in her class during the five months of her studies. From a young age, Kim Ngan was cute, everyone wanted to pamper and took pictures of children.

When she came to America, Huong met her old friend, the wife of musician Truong Hai. This musician found Kim Ngan too beautiful, so he invited her to record a song as well as take pictures to print on the cover of the music tape. Unexpectedly, how much was released was not enough to sell. Since then, Kim Ngan became a singer. According to Ms. Huong, her daughter is very gentle, very sociable with her colleagues. Concurrent singer like Lynda Trang Dai can confirm this.

Kim Ngan married at 19 years old, divorced at 29 years old. At that time, everything kept going one by one. Kim Ngan struggled to settle the divorce, so business was so unprofitable that he had to sell his own record label to return to Los Angeles. She brought her 2 little girls home. At that time, Huong was still in the US, the whole family of 4 generations lived together.

At that time, the court tried Kim Ngan custody of the children. The ex-husband, father of two girls, named Bắc is allowed to visit the child. He loves his son very much, so every time he comes to visit, he takes his children to go out and go shopping. buy a lot of clothes, toys. Therefore, the two children insisted on staying with their father. Although Kim Ngan loves her children very much, but thinks she has failed, she has no money left, so she let her ex-husband take care of the children. At that time, my daughter was only a few years old, my second child was one year old.

Young Kim Ngan beauty.

After that, Ms. Huong returned to Vietnam to open a clothing shop and go between the two countries. During this time, Kim Ngan had a new boyfriend and became pregnant with this person. “There is no such thing as Ngan wandering the street and being raped and pregnant,” said Huong.

According to Huong, Kim Ngan’s third son currently lives with his father in Fullerton, California. The boy is handsome, educated and active, always asking who his mother is. Kim Ngan’s ex-boyfriend promised that when he was an adult he would let him take back his mother.

Also during the time when Mrs. Huong was in Vietnam, Kim Ngan went to a dance hall in Canada and had an incident that changed her life. While she was acting, a scuffle happened that caused a woman who had been hit by a bullet to die in a pool of blood. Kim Ngan was so scared that she had just returned to the US and ran to her sister’s house, crawling under the table and trembling. Since then, wherever the sister goes, she will not leave.

“From a young age, Ngan was already mentally weak. A woman like that went to the end again, with no money, no name, no husband and children. Later, the event of seeing the person shot dead, Ngan became mad. The frightening thing is that the female audience who got hit by the bullet has not died. sweetly told.

Kim Ngan present. Photo: Thuy Nga

Kim Ngan is sick but knows who loves her to love her

Mrs. Huong is very sad because since Kim Ngan was mentally ill, she did not allow anyone to access, including her mother. At first, the singer was still close to her mother to eat and go shopping. She used to rent a room for the mother and daughter to live in.

One evening, Kim Ngan said the chattering was very loud, she was deaf in one ear, so all the sounds pressed into the other ear gave her a headache and could not sleep. She told her daughter: Ngan, you should go inside and lie down, let your mother stay out, you talk too loudly, you can’t sleep. Unexpectedly, Kim Ngan got angry, left, and was no longer in that room. Up to now, that room still has not expired, but she never returned. Another time, Kim Ngan’s nephew drove her to Mrs. Huong’s house, she determined to stay outside.

“I still wonder if that is why Ngan was angry with me? For more than 2 years, I have not been near my child. Until now, she just ran away when she met me”, she said.

Ms. Huong also mentioned 2 daughters Kim Ngan. At the time Kim Ngan sent the children to her ex-husband, the children were too young, so later on, she did not recognize two more children. The girls still love Kim Ngan. Once, Kim Ngan, the oldest daughter watching a clip online, saw that her mother became what she is now crying.

Kim Ngan temporarily stayed at the temple. Thuy Nga is continuing to discuss with Kim Ngan family to find the best solution for her seniors. Photo: Thuy Nga

Until now, Huong still does not know how to help her daughter. Kim Ngan did not allow her and her relatives to access, refused to go home or rent. She also refused to admit that she was mentally ill, so the hospital could not provide treatment. She used to apply for a visa for Kim Ngan to return to Vietnam for medical treatment, but she kept smoking unconsciously so she was not allowed on the plane.

Despite her mental illness, Kim Ngan still remembers Huong’s real name, Vo Thi Nhon. She said: “Ngan is sick, but knows who loves her to love her. I watched the clip Thuy Nga taking care of her, I still felt emotional, let alone Ngan. She never cursed anyone, she only reacted when she was threatened. scare “.

Currently, Ms. Huong holds Kim Ngan’s passport, identity card and driver’s license. She promised to find her social security card again for Thuy Nga to take Kim Ngan to vaccinate against Covid-19. She said: “I only believe Thuy Nga. I hope Thuy Nga does not give Ngan’s papers to anyone, even if they claim to be her relatives”.

The liver and kidney are two organs that excrete drugs, some drugs are eliminated mainly through the liver, others are eliminated mainly by the kidneys. Therefore, when kidney disease, kidney function is impaired, the use of drugs in people with kidney disease has 3 risks, that is, nephrotoxic drugs that decrease kidney function worse.

Second, the drug is eliminated slowly and will accumulate in the body, causing an increased effect.

Third, causing homeostasis due to renal failure, thereby susceptible to drug toxicity even at the appropriate dose.

Some drugs are toxic to the kidneys

With a healthy kidney, when suffering from a certain disease, drugs must be used, the kidneys will be cleaned normally, but for people with kidney disease, especially kidney failure (all kidney functions have been impaired) when Taking certain medications puts you at risk of further kidney damage.

Some drugs can be toxic to the kidneys, especially long-term use, high doses and especially self-medicating for self-healing not under the prescription of the doctor. For example, some antibiotics of the amynoglycoside group (streptomycin, gentamycin, amikacin …), quinolone group (ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin …), vancomycin group, cyclin group, cephalosporin group 1, 2 or antifungal (amphotericin B, ketoconazole …) or Vietnamese, Oriental medicine of unknown origin; Contrast drug used for X-ray with high permeability or some cancer treatment chemicals (cisplatin, methotrexate …).

People with kidney damage should pay attention when using the drug.

In addition, some drugs are not directly toxic to the kidneys but cause kidney anemia, reducing glomerular filtration rate or if used long term will cause renal entity failure. For example, antihypertensive drugs, when used in overdose cause hypotension cause renal anemia and impaired glomerular filtration, especially the class of ACE inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor antagonists. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (indomethacin, diclofenac …), inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis are factors that cause vasodilation leading to kidney anemia.

Note when using drugs in people with kidney problems

We all know, drugs (Western medicine or Vietnamese medicine, Oriental medicine) all have a curative effect and all drugs that are put into the body pass through the kidneys and are filtered here. Therefore, when suffering from kidney disease, especially kidney failure, it is very important to check the function of the kidneys (that is, follow the test order of the doctor) before using the drug to know and know. the exact state of kidney disease, glomerular filtration rate and kidney function must be checked during drug use, especially when taking long-term medication.

Comply with the instructions and instructions when taking drugs of the doctor to avoid adversely affecting the kidneys.

Do not buy, take drugs by yourself or do not change the dosage by yourself or change the drug without consulting your doctor to avoid harming the kidneys due to improper use of the drug.

In addition, drink enough water every day to facilitate drug purification (there are drugs when used need to drink a lot of water to help the kidneys purify drugs better).

Increasing hand, foot and mouth cases in Hanoi

According to a report by the Department of Preventive Medicine (Ministry of Health), from the beginning of the year to the end of April 11, the whole country recorded 18,436 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, of which 4 cases died in 3 provinces: Kien Giang, An Giang and Long An. Compared to the same period in 2020, the number of cases increased 4 times, increasing mainly in the South and locally in some provinces and cities such as Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, Long An, Dong Thap. , An Giang. In Hanoi, from the beginning of 2021 up to now, the city has recorded 82 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease in 28 districts, towns.

Speaking at the meeting of the Steering Committee for Disease Control Covid-19 in Hanoi on the afternoon of February 12, Mr. Hoang Duc Hanh, Deputy Director of the Department of Health, said that hand, foot and mouth disease is a frequent epidemic in the area. Annually, Hanoi records from 1,000 to 3,000 cases. Recently, the number of cases of hand, foot and mouth disease tends to increase. According to the assessment, this disease can continue to increase in the coming time and mainly occurs in young people (under 5 years old accounts for more than 90%).

To proactively prevent hand, foot and mouth disease, the Department of Health has asked the People’s Committees of districts and towns to direct the Department of Education and Training to coordinate with the Health Center in implementing measures to prevent, fight hand, foot and mouth disease in schools. Specifically, to increase communication about preventive measures for teachers and students. At the same time, it is recommended that parents, when detecting a child with signs of illness, must notify the school and medical facility for timely measures to isolate treatment. Instruct the school on measures to treat the environment to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease such as cleaning classrooms, floors, tables, chairs, toys, learning tools … with soap or chloramine B according to regulations. .

In addition, strengthening the inspection and urging of educational institutions in the area, especially preschools, primary schools, and groups of children, and family kindergartens should seriously implement prevention and control measures. disease under the guidance of the health sector. Districts, districts and towns; Communes, wards and towns need to strengthen communication on disease prevention and control measures for the community such as environmental sanitation, personal hygiene, hand washing with soap, practice of clean eating, clean living and preservation. toys for children … so that people can understand and follow.

Do not allow the translation to spread and prolong

According to the Department of Preventive Medicine, hand, foot and mouth disease in Vietnam is a year-round disease that spreads through the gastrointestinal tract and is found in almost 63 provinces and cities, often recording an increase in the number of cases from months 4 – 5 and September – October every year. Children are susceptible to infection because they are related to the practice of personal hygiene, inadequate environmental hygiene, especially hygiene skills for children, not yet washing their hands with soap regularly.

Illustration

According to a report from the Center for Disease Control in Ho Chi Minh City, the situation of hand, foot and mouth disease in the city tends to increase strongly. At the Center for Disease Control in Da Nang City, from the beginning of the year to April 2021, the number of cases of hand, foot and mouth disease across the city was more than 212, an increase of 2.5 times compared to the same period in 2020 to 92 shift. Similarly, the Center for Disease Control in Dak Lak province said, in the first three months of 2021, in the whole province, there were 250 cases of children suffering from hand, foot and mouth disease; in many cases, the child became seriously ill and there was one case of death.

Before that, the Ministry of Health had written about strengthening hand, foot and mouth disease prevention in the summer. To strengthen the prevention of hand, foot and mouth disease, in order to minimize the number of cases and deaths, and prevent the epidemic from spreading and prolonging, the Ministry of Health requests the People’s Committees of provinces and cities to be on duty. It is under the central government to strengthen appropriate health education and communication activities to the people about measures to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease, actively implement hygiene activities and improve health.

Specialists said, hand, foot and mouth disease is a disease that often occurs in young children, appearing in an annual cycle, that is, every year to a certain point, the number of children suffering from hand, foot and mouth disease. will be more. It is an acute contagious infection caused by a virus originating from the intestinal tract that spreads through the diet (the child’s saliva secretions), with the external manifestations of: a small rash on the palm of the hand, soles or mouth sores. Along with that, the child may have a mild fever, even a high fever.

The Ministry of Health suggested that the Education and Training sector strongly implement activities to prevent hand, foot and mouth disease in educational institutions, especially in kindergartens and kindergartens. To require educational institutions to have adequate means of hand washing, soap and have convenient locations to facilitate child care and child care to wash hands with soap; perform classroom cleaning, and clean the surfaces of study desks and toys every day with soap or common detergent. At the same time, to detect early cases of the disease at educational establishments, immediately notify the local health agency to organize the prompt examination, treatment and treatment of the epidemic.

The Health sector strengthens surveillance activities, early detection of outbreaks, and thoroughly handle the epidemic to avoid spreading on a large scale. Well organize the treatment division in hospitals, limit referral of patients within the treatment capacity in order to reduce overcrowding for higher level hospitals; dividing the flow of medical examination, collection, first aid and treatment of patients. For critically ill patients, death should be minimized. Implement well prevention of cross-infection in treatment facilities, especially prevention of cross-infection between hand, foot and mouth disease with measles, pneumonia and other respiratory infections.

The Ministry of Health also recommends that people and community take the following measures: Wash hands often with soap under running water several times a day; practice good eating and drinking hygiene; regularly clean surfaces and tools that are in contact every day; do not let children come into contact with sick people or suspected illnesses; using a hygienic toilet, the patient’s faeces and wastes must be collected and disposed of into the sanitary latrines; When detecting a child with signs of suspicion of the disease, it is necessary to bring the child to a doctor or immediately notify the nearest medical authority./.

Hand, foot and mouth disease in Vietnam is a gastrointestinal disease and occurs in most provinces and cities. Although the disease is encountered all year round, statistics show that the number of cases usually increases in the period from May 4-5 and from September to October each year.

Pediatric patients with hand, foot and mouth disease are being treated at the National Hospital of Pediatrics.

TS.BS. Nguyen Van Lam, Director of the Center for Clinical Medicine for Children of Tropical Diseases, Central Pediatric Hospital, said that from the beginning of the year until now, the Center has received about 125 patients, hand, foot and mouth disease.

Experts said, although no serious complications were recorded, the number of cases in 2021 had a sudden increase compared to two years ago. In the same period in 2019, the Center received about 70 cases; in 2020, this number is 19-20 cases and in 2021 it is currently 125 cases.

At Children’s Hospital City. HCM is currently receiving treatment for more than 40 patients, hand, foot, mouth and mouth at all levels. The number of children suffering from this disease is increasing day by day.

Some children have also had cardiovascular neurological complications. In particular, some children have very fast disease progresses even though the rash is only small at first.

Meanwhile, according to the Center for Disease Control City. Da Nang, from the beginning of the year to April 2021, the number of cases of hand, foot and mouth disease across the city was more than 212, an increase of 2.5 times over the same period in 2020 to 92 cases. Only in the last three weeks of March 2021, the whole city recorded 68 cases.

Nationwide, according to the infectious disease surveillance system from the beginning of 2021 to April 7, the country recorded 17,451 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, including 4 deaths in Kien Giang (2 ), An Giang (1) and Long An (1).

Compared to the same period in 2020, the number of cases increased four times and mainly in the South and local areas in some provinces and cities such as: Ho Chi Minh City, Dong Nai, Long An, Dong Thap, An Giang.

Because the disease spreads through the gastrointestinal tract, contact, droplets and spread from person to person. Therefore, climatic conditions, a crowded environment, and hygiene habits are factors that make the spread of the disease.

To prevent hand, foot and mouth disease, according to the representative of the National Hospital of Pediatrics, people must ensure distance, keep the habits of hand hygiene, children’s toys must be kept clean to avoid cross-contamination.

Experts also recommend that parents need to feed their children cooked foods, boiled drinks, use easily digestible foods, ensure nutrition to strengthen their children.

“Parents need to clean the body every day for the baby, when taking a bath to avoid drafts. For wounds in the throat, children must rinse their mouths according to the instructions and apply pain relievers “, the director of the Center for Clinical Medicine of Children Tropical Diseases said.

In the treatment of hand, foot, mouth and mouth Dr. Lam pointed out some mistakes of parents in monitoring and treatment.

Accordingly, when seeing that the child does not respond to fever reduction, some parents immediately increase the dose for their child. “This is a very dangerous thing that can lead to poisoning and liver damage because fever-reducing drugs must be treated with the right dose and only once every six hours”, experts of the National Hospital of Pediatrics said.

It is known that at the establishment also received cases of children not responding to antipyretic fever, parents impatiently used another dose of fever-reducing, leading to overdose, causing children with paracetamol poisoning, leading to severe liver damage. masonry.

Although the rate of children having brain damage due to hand, foot and mouth disease is not too high, if the child has severe complications due to delay in treatment, it will cause brain stem damage, leaving serious sequelae such as encephalitis, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary edema. level …

In the extreme form, the disease can cause serious illness in the child and death if it is not cared for and treated promptly. Therefore, when parents see signs of aggravation of their children, they should promptly send their children to medical facilities for prompt monitoring and treatment, to avoid unfortunate consequences.

To prevent hand, foot and mouth disease, everyone needs to practice good eating and drinking hygiene; do not feed the baby; not feeding children, sucking hands, sucking toys; Do not allow children to share napkins, handkerchiefs, and eating utensils such as cups, bowls, plates, spoons, and toys that have not yet been disinfected.

Residents need to regularly clean surfaces, daily contact tools such as toys, school supplies, door handles, stair handrails, table / chair surfaces, floors with soap or detergent. usually, common, normal. Restrict or not let your child come into contact with someone who is sick or suspected of having an illness.

Health care workers give COVID-19 vaccine to people in Bangkok, Thailand, on April 7, 2021. Photo: THX / TTXVN

In the past 24 hours, the ASEAN association had up to four member states that recorded COVID-19 deaths: the Philippines, Indonesia, Cambodia and Malaysia.

Indonesia remains the most serious outbreak of COVID-19 among ASEAN countries, when it recorded the highest number of cases in the region. However, the epidemic situation in the “country of thousands of islands”, after many months of outbreak, has seen a trend of cooling down, when the number of new cases began to decrease compared to the previous period.

Meanwhile, developments are returning and serious outbreaks in the Philippines. The epidemic progressed badly with the number of new cases / day many times higher than the “epidemic” in Indonesia and the highest among Southeast Asian countries, while the number of deaths increased sharply compared to the previous days. The disease situation in the Philippines is the hottest in the ASEAN region, the total number of new cases per day in this country is more than the region combined.

Malaysia continued to be concerned about the situation, the new epidemic wave has prolonged and there is no sign of cooling off in Malaysia. Malaysia is seeing the trend of epidemic escalate again due to the rapid increase in the number of new cases per day in the past few days. In Myanmar, according to website worldometers.info, Myanmar, in the past 24 hours, 9 cases of COVID-19 were reported.

Health care workers give COVID-19 vaccine to people in Bangkok, Thailand, on April 7, 2021. Photo: THX / TTXVN

Thailand also faces a worrying situation when the number of cases of community infection remains high in recent days, forcing the country to decide to tighten epidemic prevention measures. This country on April 14 recorded 1,335 new cases.

Cambodia’s epidemic disease is increasing rapidly and ominously when the country has 277 new patients and 1 death on April 14. “Community incident” has recently started to tend to cool down, the number of new patients tends to level off.

Specifically, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has so far claimed the lives of a total of 63,114 people in Southeast Asia, an increase of 296 cases compared to a day ago. While the number of cases increased to 3,090,106 cases. Besides, the ASEAN region also witnessed the number of patients successfully treated is 2,710,182 cases.

The whole bloc still witnessed worrisome, complicated epidemic developments and a potential risk of outbreaks of new epidemics in many member countries. In the past 24 hours, ASEAN had nine member countries recording new cases of COVID-19. Only Brunei and Laos have no more deaths or illnesses.

Evolution of COVID-19 in ASEAN on April 14:

People waiting for the COVID-19 vaccine to be vaccinated in Manila, Philippines, on March 31, 2021. Photo: THX / TTXVN

On April 14, the Philippines’ Ministry of Health (DOH) announced that it had recorded an additional 8,122 cases of COVID-19, bringing the total number of cases in this Southeast Asian country to 892,880.

According to DOH, the total number of COVID-19 deaths in the Philippines also increased to 15,447, 162 more than the day before. Speaking at an online press conference, Philippine Deputy Health Minister Maria Rosario Vergeire said that the rate of disease spread in this country has not decreased, the number of cases continues to increase.

The average number of new cases per day still ranges from 10,000-11,000 cases. According to the Philippine Deputy Health Minister, the infection in the community still occurs, the outbreaks in the workplace are the main source of transmission, mainly in hospitals and closed workspaces.

Since the outbreak in January 2020 until now, the Philippines has tested for more than 10 million people out of a total of 110 million people. The Philippine Government is now stepping up efforts to strengthen the health system by adding resources to quarantine and health care facilities. During the press conference, Ms. Vergeire also emphasized the importance of maintaining the health system and ensuring hospitals are ready to accept patients.

Police on duty in Manila, Philippines. Photo: THX / TTXVN

Since March 29, the Philippine government has imposed stringent blockade measures in metropolitan Manila and four neighboring provinces to control the outbreak that has emerged since the end of February. until the end of April 30. The DOH believes that factors such as the new variant of the virus spread faster, people move more and lack a sense of compliance with epidemic control regulations that have caused the number of cases to increase.

On the same day, Malaysia recorded 1,889 new cases, bringing the total number of COVID-19 cases in the country to 365,892. According to the Malaysian Ministry of Health, among the aforementioned new cases, there were 6 entries and 1,883 infections in the country. Malaysia also recorded eight more deaths from COVID-19 in the past 24 hours, bringing the total number of deaths from the disease in the country to 1,353.

A total of 347,780 COVID-19 patients in Malaysia were discharged, equivalent to a cure rate of 95.1%. Out of 16,696 patients under treatment, 204 need special care and 79 need a breathing device.