Immunity in a person who has had COVID-19 lasts up to 13 months after infection. A study at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis (USA) also emphasizes the effect of vaccination after COVID-19 infection, because some patients under observation have very low antibody levels. In a study by Rockefeller University scientists (USA) who followed 63 people with COVID-19 in the spring of 2020. They found that antibodies are produced by recording B lymphocytes memory becomes more effective in neutralizing SARS-CoV-2. In addition, the researchers also found that “vaccination boosts immunity naturally developed by these people during infection, to the point where they can be protected against new variants appear”. Therefore, once infected with the virus and vaccinated against COVID-19, immunity will be created especially strong. Rosemary ( Femme Actuelle June 2021 )

How to get rid of Miss Vi? To get out of pandemics like Co Vi, it is now clear that it is not possible to rely solely on social distancing measures and aggressively tracing the virus. Closures and tracing are very important measures, and the Vietnamese government has excelled in the early stages of fighting the epidemic with these measures alone. But in an open world, the border door can’t close no matter how hard it is, tracking the ghost of Co Vi successfully this time but still wondering when it will come back. But if you keep busy with “national resistance”, “defensive counterattack”, you will be hungry all the time. Relying on medical treatment is even worse, because firstly, there is no medicine to guarantee that 100% of people infected with Co Vi will survive; the second (and more important) is that when there is an outbreak, the health system simply collapses, you have very little chance of being hospitalized, and if you do get into the hospital, there will be no more oxygen to breathe. . Some of my friends whispered to each other (=Phew) measures to eradicate Co Vi such as drinking hot water, eating garlic, steaming with leaves, or simply… fiercely drinking! If you apply it to yourself, it won’t hurt anyone other than your spouse, children, or grandchildren, but I beg you not to incite Phai to do the same, because that is verbal karma. Miss Vi is “contagious or dead” and our way out Co Vi’s principle of existence (and many other infectious viruses) is “infect or die”. Viruses are not cells, so they cannot reproduce outside of the body, and when outside the body, Co Vi does not last long. When the majority of the population is immune, the probability of transmitting Co Vi decreases, even those who are not immune are protected, the epidemic will be basically extinguished. This is the phenomenon of “herd immunity”, which has long been observed and concluded by scientists with many previous pandemics. Herd immunity can occur during natural epidemics. After about 70% of the population has been infected with Co Vi, about 1-5% will die, the rest will become immune. Assuming Vietnam followed this model, it would have to sacrifice about a million people. Certainly most of us disagree with this measure. There is another way that does not require such sacrifices to achieve herd immunity, which is to vaccinate the majority of the population. Immune cells can be “trained” to recognize Co Vi by the S protein molecule on its surface. When real Co Vi invades, immune cells secrete antibodies that “lock hands” with these S proteins. Co Vi’s protein S mimics the body’s ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) molecular structure to adhere to cell surfaces. If protein S is surrounded by antibodies, then Co Vi also “botay.com”. Not everyone wants a vaccine But in the world there is a part of people who think they will not get vaccinated. Some even think that this is a conspiracy of certain forces to invest a lot of money to profit on the sacrifice of their fellow human beings. Others will not go for injections because they find it annoying, or afraid of spending money. Attitude to vaccination is a personal choice, but is greatly influenced by social relations, by the community to which the individual belongs. Here, I would like to introduce two social issues that have a great influence on the attitude to accept vaccination, which have been analyzed quite meticulously by sociologists. 1. Religion and vaccines (Main reference: Pelcic et al 2016. Religious exception for vaccination or religious excuses for avoiding vaccination Croat Med J 56(5):516-521) Religious beliefs have a huge influence on vaccination acceptance attitudes. All major religions have favorable attitudes towards vaccination. The first precept of Buddhism is abstaining from killing, so Buddhists accept vaccinations to keep themselves and others healthy. On the other hand, Buddhism considers all species to be non-killing beings, and believes that humans can also be reincarnated into other beings. Thus killing animals for vaccine research may be contrary to Buddha’s teachings. The Catholic Church does not prohibit vaccination. Historically, Catholic and Anglican missionaries (Catholics in England and some former British colonies) have inoculated with smallpox in North America. Today’s development of biomedical research leads to an issue that may contradict Catholic doctrine, which is that some vaccines are produced on cultured cell lines of fetal origin, specifically Meruvax. , Rudivax and MR-VAX (Rubella prophylaxis), A-VAQTA and HAVRIX (hepatitis A), Varivax (chickenpox), and Polivax (smallpox). But when there are no other vaccines to choose from, parishioners are still encouraged to vaccinate to protect young children and the community, especially pregnant women. In Islam, food is divided into two categories, halal is allowed, and haram is not. Pork is haram, so pharmaceuticals that use gelatin (a glue made from animal skin including pig skin) should not be used. However, the Koran also speaks of “law of necessity”, in case the believer does not have a halal to choose from, forcing the use of haram will not be considered a sin. Immunizations are meant to protect life, as “izalat aldharar” (prevention of harm), and “maslahat al ummah” (for the public good). So even if a certain vaccine is related to pigs, it is still possible to apply “forced law when necessary”. Some religions or religious sects may be anti-vaccination. Protestantism does not have a central system, so local churches have very different attitudes on vaccination. Some Protestant priests do not raise the issue of vaccinations in their sermons because they think this is a generally accepted attitude of the whole society. Others leave it to the laity to interpret and choose their attitude towards vaccines. Still others have publicly condemned vaccines, arguing that vaccination is an intervention against God’s will (interfering with Divine Providence). 2. Belief in science and attitudes towards vaccines Key references: Sturgis et al. Trust in science, social consensus and vaccine confidence. Nature Human Behaviour May 17, 2021. This is a study published last week by three authors Patrick Sturgis, Ian Brunton-Smith and Jonathan Jackson from the London School of Economics and Politics (LSE), the University of Surrey (UK) and the University of Sydney Law School (Australia). . https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-021-01115-7.pdf. The authors analyze data obtained from the Wellcome Global Monitor (Gallup Institute) survey, conducted since 2018 (before the Covid-19 pandemic), about people’s trust in science and the attitude to accept vaccines in Vietnam. 144 countries. The average number of participants in each country was 1000, with China, India and Russia alone being sampled 2000 people from each country. In this poll, the global average result is that more than four-fifths of the population believe in science, the highest in North America, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand, the lowest in South America, Eastern Europe and Africa. Chau. The percentage of men who believe in science is higher than that of women. Scientific trust is also higher among the educated and high-income population. In countries where the gap between rich and poor is low, there is often high scientific trust. Regarding the attitude of accepting vaccines, about 92% of the global population think that vaccination of children is necessary, 78% think that vaccines are safe, and 84% think that vaccines are effective. This attitude also varies markedly across countries. Again, this is the result of an investigation from 2018, that is, about vaccines in general, not just the vaccine against Co Vi. Next, the authors analyzed the correlation between trust in science and vaccine acceptance attitude. A major part of the results can be illustrated by Figure 1, where countries are divided into five groups according to the assessment of science trust and vaccine acceptance from high to low (left to right). In the highest group, the consensus between scientific belief and vaccine acceptance attitude is highest (blue graph has the steepest slope). This correlation decreases, in the lowest group, the graph is horizontal, which means that there is almost no consensus between scientific beliefs and vaccine acceptance attitudes. Illustration: The relationship between scientific beliefs and vaccine acceptance attitudes. Credit: Nature Human Behaviour 2021. Someone may counter that “I know Mr. A is very rich and Mr. B is highly educated, but neither of them accept vaccines”. Please answer that the above research results are based on the science of statistical probability. That is, the results are only true for the majority, not necessarily for individuals. And statistical probability also tells us that when we deduce from a few particular observations to apply to the majority, the probability of right/wrong can be only 50/50.

The creator of Ethereum claims that the ‘Elon effect’ will gradually lose influence on cryptocurrencies Vitalik Buterin, the “father” of Ethereum recently gave an exclusive interview with CNN about the recent volatility of the cryptocurrency market. The 27-year-old billionaire said that “the crypto market is in a bubble” and “it is very difficult to predict” when this bubble will burst. According to him, the “golden age” of digital currencies has passed and this crisis can last for several months. Earlier, on the morning of May 19, Coinbase recorded that Ethereum, Buterin’s “pet”, fell more than 40%, to below $ 1,900. By the morning of May 20, this coin had recovered to $ 2,700, however, this is still a low number compared to the record milestone of $ 4,384 that Ether achieved on May 11. The ups and downs of the Ether coin have made Buterin “father” pay a significant price when he is holding an asset worth about $ 1.1 billion, now reduced to only about $ 870 million. At the age of 27, Vitalik Buterin, a Russian-Canadian programmer, is already considered a veteran founder in the tech world having seen multiple cryptocurrency boom cycles over the past few years. “We’ve seen at least three crypto bubbles burst. Usually the reason bubbles end is because something happened. This shows that the technology of cryptocurrencies is still there. not ready,” Buterin said. Since late 2013, when preparing for the launch of Ethereum two years later, Buterin has expressed his vision for cryptocurrencies. According to Buterin: “Cryptocurrency has become more than just a toy. It is almost ready to become mainstream.” In the process of developing “pet” Ethereum, Buterin is also not afraid to assert that there is a possibility that Ethereum will eventually catch up and surpass Bitcoin in market value. However, the programmer also said that the cryptocurrency market tends to be “vulnerable” to disruptive events, before they can “build an immune system over time”. Typical is the influence of some billionaires who are treating cryptocurrency as a toy. Mr. Buterin isn’t shy about mentioning Elon Musk’s name: “Mr Musk’s tweets are something the crypto space has only been getting into for the first time in recent months, literally. I think it’s appropriate. It’s reasonable to expect a bit of madness. Because the market will learn a lot from that and will be immune to the Elon Musk effect.” In addition, Mr. Buterin also asserted that governments cannot completely ban but have the ability to block or restrict access. Therefore, the development of cryptocurrencies also needs to listen to regulations from regulatory agencies to avoid getting into legal troubles. Faced with the crisis of digital currency, the “father” of Ethereum thinks that this is a “quiet” for digital currencies to renew themselves. On the Ether side, Mr. Buterin said the coin’s transaction costs will soon be cut. A major technical overhaul is underway that will allow Ether transactions to quickly scale, while cutting the amount of electricity consumed by mining by 1,000 to 10,000 times. “We’re going to go from consuming energy similar to a medium-sized country to just consuming energy like a village,” Buterin said confidently. According to Buterin, if Ether’s competitors don’t reform technically, Ether will soon outstrip them, such as Bitcoin.

A person with COVID-19 has appeared on the top of the world’s 7th highest mountain Dhaulagiri. Photo: Nepal Travel Guide According to Sputnik, in the past two days alone, at least 19 people have been evacuated from the main stop on the top of Dhaulagiri after some showed signs of infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus. After testing, 7 of the evacuated climbers tested positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Mr. Mingma Sherpa – Chairman of Dhaulagri Seven Summits travel agency confirmed the latest developments. Located in western Nepal, Dhaulagiri is the 7th highest mountain in the world. The second wave of COVID-19 is causing extremely heavy damage to India and neighboring South Asian countries. Nepal – a country with a population of 30 million people similar to the Indian capital New Delhi – has begun to record more than 2,000 new infections a day. In April, a Norwegian climber was the first to test positive for COVID-19 after being taken from the Everest base station to a hospital in Kathmandu, the capital of Nepal, for testing. The climber said he had symptoms similar to high-altitude pulmonary edema, which is common among people 2,500 meters above sea level. To date, Mount Everest has seen at least 30 climbers infected with COVID-19. Despite consistently recording COVID-19 cases on top of the world’s highest mountain, Nepal remains open to expeditions to balance its economy hit by the pandemic. The Ministry of Tourism of Nepal has issued permits for 377 climbers to climb Mount Everest. After detecting positive cases of COVID-19 at the Everest and Dhaulagiri rest stops, the Nepalese military began to conduct tests on the remaining climbers. Meanwhile, on the other side of the mountain range, China suspended tours to explore Everest before the pandemic.

In February 2021, health care and epidemiologists in India were delighted to see that the pandemic-related figures have all been plummeting. The number of Covid-19 cases has decreased, and the number of oxygen ventilators is sufficient for the patient. Experts at that time predicted that India had overcome the second wave of epidemics. However, in April, “lucky god” suddenly disappeared. Pictures of a series of corpses waiting to be cremated in turn flooded social networks. Hospitals lack bed and oxygen is severe. Many sick people and desperate families turned to buying medicine at the black market. Meanwhile, many others suffocated painfully in the hospital from lack of oxygen, according to the report Washington Post. The number of new cases in India has hit a record in the past few days. There is no indication that the number of infections will decrease in the near future. Temporary crematoriums are being massively erected in India. Photo: Reuters. Gathering people Back in early February, India had just over 13,000 cases a day, while the population was 1.4 billion. India has acquired a community immunity. Up to the present time, India has become the focal point of the global epidemic and receives great attention from the international community. On April 29, the country recorded 379,257 new cases of Covid-19 and 3,645 people died from the pandemic, marking the worst day ever of the pandemic in India. To date, the number of Covid-19 cases in the country has reached 18.38 million, including 204,832 deaths, according to the Ministry of Health of India. Experts commented that community immunity in India may not exist as previously assessed. The Naga Sadhus – Hindu ascetic “saints” – carry a sword or trident, leading devotees to participate in the Kumbh Mela festival on March 11. Photo: Reuters. The new wave of epidemics has made the poor now even more afflicted. Not only that, it is also reaching the rich class in Indian society. Although the rich tried to isolate society during the first wave of epidemics, they could not avoid this epidemic either. Crowds of people also play a huge role in spreading the virus. Blockade and quarantine restrictions are believed to have been lifted too soon in the world’s second most populous country. Residents are allowed to organize major parades. Hindu festivals attract tens of millions of pilgrims. These people often gather in cramped locations without protection. Random tests at pilgrimage sites recorded thousands of new infections. Even while the epidemic was peaking, the people of India were still not following the rules. Thousands of people gathered at the Ganges River to perform the ritual of bathing the river. They believe that the waters of the Ganges can save them from disease. “People let their guard down when India launched the vaccination campaign in January. People have returned to a normal life, traveling,” said Ramanan Laxminarayan, an epidemiologist at Princeton University. calendar, organizing a family wedding and without any restrictions, even wearing a mask “. New variant Scientists are still debating the role the new variants will play in making the pandemic in India unbelievably bad. Variation B.1.1.7, first discovered in the UK, is currently the dominant variant in the Indian state of Pubjab. Many studies show that B.1.1.7 is 40 to 70% more contagious than the original virus. At the same time it also makes the patient more likely to die. A medical worker walks over the bodies at a mass cremation point in Delhi on April 26. Photo: Reuters. Another variant, B.1.617, is present in the majority of patients in the state of Maharashtra. This variant is called a “double mutation” when it contains up to 2 official mutations found in two other strains. However, to date there is no official study showing whether B.1.617 is more transmissible than other variants. India also does not have the ability to decode the genetic sequence of B.1.617. Besides that, Brazilian and South African variants are also found in India. Why India lacks oxygen? Usually India’s hospitals and medical clinics use only 15% of the liquid oxygen produced in this country. However, until now, nearly 90% of the country’s supply has been transferred to health care facilities. Some Indian states do not have factories for the production of liquid oxygen. These regions must rely on supplies from other states. It takes two hours to fill a full tank with oxygen. This caused a long queue of trucks outside the factories. Even after full, oxygen trucks can only drive at 40 km / h and only move during the day. People in India are struggling with an unprecedented wave of Covid-19. Photo: AP. In October 2020, the Indian Ministry of Health announced plans to build a plant for more liquid oxygen production. However, only 33 out of 162 factories have been built so far. Prime Minister Modi also announced plans to build 551 other oxygen liquefaction plants on April 25. Even so, it would still be too late for the dying of hypoxia patients across India. “We told the authorities that we are ready to increase capacity, but we need financial support,” said Rajabhau Shinde, director of a small oxygen plant in Maharashtra. India decided to provide vaccines to anyone over the age of 18, starting May 1. The country also limits the number of exported vaccines and concentrates on domestic distribution. Several cities and states have announced new blockade restrictions. The government ordered a curfew, banned travel, and banned unnecessary activities. However, authorities believe that blockade is only the last resort. He refused to issue a nationwide blockade. A woman and a relative after her husband died of Covid-19. Photo: Reuters. The Indian government sends oxygen trains to all regions of the country. Military medical equipment stores were opened to deal with the urgent shortage. Armed forces have been deployed to hospitals. The world immediately rescued India Countries have already begun to take measures to help India. Singapore, Germany, UK sent oxygen-related devices on April 26. France, Russia and Australia will send medical aid. China and Pakistan have offered to help. The European Union has worked with member states to provide oxygen and medicines. The World Health Organization (WHO) will send more staff and supplies to India. The White House on April 28 said it would provide $ 100 million in aid to India, including 1,000 medical oxygen cylinders, 15 million N95 masks and one million Covid-19 rapid test kits. “Just as India sent support to the United States when our hospitals were stressed in the early stages of a pandemic, the United States is determined to help India in times of need,” the White House statement said. download on the website on April 28 clearly. The US is lifting a ban on sending raw materials abroad, enabling India to produce more AstraZeneca vaccines. President Biden is mobilizing a team of health experts and funding the expansion of India’s vaccine production capabilities. Doctors Without Borders welcomed the US move. The organization calls on the US government to ask pharmaceutical companies to “share technology and know-how.” However, the companies rejected this request. The crematorium and hospital were packed with people amid the Covid-19 wave in India The number of new Indian Covid-19 cases increased by more than 360,000 on April 27. In addition, the number of deaths increased exponentially, causing the crematorium to operate day and night.

When the Covid-19 pandemic first broke out, the vaccine was still just a ray of light at the end of the tunnel. The term “community immunity” is to denote the end of the epidemic. Community immunity means that when enough Americans are protected from the virus, the pathogen is eliminated, New York Times said. Today, more than half of all adults in the United States receive at least one dose of the vaccine. But vaccination rates are declining, and there is consensus among scientists and public health experts that public immunity cannot be achieved, at least in the near future, and perhaps never. hours. They came to the conclusion that the virus could become a controllable threat that will continue to spread in the US for many years to come. It still causes flare-ups with hospitalizations and deaths, but on a smaller scale. Depends on the strain’s ability of the virus How much smaller future outbreaks will be and the number of cases and deaths is uncertain. It depends on how many countries in the world are vaccinated, and more importantly, how the virus evolved. Viruses are evolving too quickly. The new strains spread very quickly. Meanwhile, the immunization speed is too slow. That makes the expectation of community immunity even more distant. The United States is one of the countries with the highest rates of Covid-19 vaccination in the world. Photo: New York Times. Experts believe that vaccinating high-risk groups will be crucial to limit the size of new outbreaks. “The virus is unlikely to go away, but we are doing all we can to see if it is likely to cause only mild infections,” said Rustom Antia, an evolutionary biologist at Emory University in Atlanta, USA. said. To date, experts still cannot be sure what percentage of the population has anti-Covid-19 antibodies. Even for people with antibodies, experts cannot be sure of their immunity to new strains. Dr Anthony S. Fauci, the leading adviser to the Joe Biden administration on Covid-19, admits the change in thinking among experts. “We stopped using the term community immunity. I said, vaccinate a sufficient number of people, the level of infection will drop,” he said. Why is community immunity difficult to achieve When the corona virus begins to spread globally in early 2020, many experts believe that public immunity is the key to escaping the pandemic. That is when enough people have acquired immunity, including through natural infection or vaccination, when the virus will run out of people to infect and go away on its own. 30% of the US population is reluctant to get the Covid-19 vaccine. Photo: New York Times. The concept of public immunity has become a tacit target in many countries, including the United States. Initially, the threshold for achieving public immunity is 60-70% of the infected population. Most experts, including Dr. Fauci, believe that the United States can achieve public immunity before vaccines become available. But when the vaccine started to be distributed, this threshold estimate began to increase. Initial estimates were made based on the spread of the original virus. Variant B.117 – first discovered in the UK – was up to 60% more infectious than the original strain. Experts estimate the new threshold to 80%. If new strains continue to grow and spread, or if scientists find vaccinated people can still transmit the virus, the threshold calculation may need to be revised again. In addition, recent polls show that about 30% of the US population is afraid to be vaccinated. “Theoretically we could get an immunization rate of 90% of the population, but in reality it’s very difficult,” said Marc Lipsitch, an epidemiologist at Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health. While vaccination resistance is the main reason why the United States cannot achieve public immunity, it is not the main reason. Community immunity is often seen as a national target, but it’s a vague concept in a country as large as the United States. On a global scale, this possibility becomes even more distant. Immunization is still the key Dr. David M. Morens, senior advisor to Dr. Fauci, said community immunity can vary with population size, human behavior and many other factors. A small outbreak in a low vaccination area could spill over and hit an area where the majority of the population was vaccinated. Immunization remains the key to dealing with the epidemic. Photo: New York Times. At the same time, the connections between the countries of the world, especially when the travel restriction is reduced, underscores the urgency of protection, not only for Americans but for other countries as well. Any new strain of Covid-19 that arises in the world will eventually come to America. At that time, the vaccination rate is the decisive factor for the protection level of the community with the new strains. Many parts of the world lag far behind the United States in immunization. Less than 2% of Indians are vaccinated and less than 1% in South Africa, according to data New York Times . “We will not achieve public immunity as nations, states, even cities, until we have immunity in all populations,” Lauren Ancel Says Meyers, director of the Covid Modeling Organization, University of Texas. By focusing on vaccinating the most at-risk groups, the US has reduced its mortality rate compared to before. If vaccination rates continue to increase over time, the corona virus may become seasonal, similar to the flu. The biggest challenge facing health professionals is convincing people to vaccinate. Many Americans remain skeptical of the vaccine’s effectiveness. Another group lacked access to vaccines, such as homeless people, migrant workers, or certain communities of color. That makes the goal of achieving community immunity even more difficult. The mentality of the vast majority of people is that they want to see someone else embrace something, before they’re willing to try it. Emphasizing the benefits of vaccination may become more effective than the fictional idea of ​​herd immunity. “That will resonate with people more than the elusive concept that experts are still trying to come up with,” said Mary Politi, a specialist in health and health communication, University of Washington. Experts also recommend increasing vaccination rates for children, even babies. Because over time, if there aren’t enough people vaccinated, new strains can develop and disrupt the vaccine’s ability to protect itself.

People were tested with Nano Covax vaccine phase 2. In phase 2, the volunteers were divided into 4 groups, including groups of injections with doses of 25mcg, 50mcg, 75mcg and placebo. All 3 doses of 25mcg, 50mcg and 75mcg injected to volunteers were immunogenic, of which the 25mcg dose level is considered to be the most effective. The research team will report the results of phase 2 to the Ministry of Health. It is expected that on April 27, it will submit to the National Bio-Medical Research Ethics Council of the Ministry of Health a plan to deploy the clinical trial injection of Nano Covax vaccine phase 3. According to the plan, Nano Covax vaccine in this phase will be tested in large groups, from 10,000 to 15,000 people, starting from May 5-2021. The research team is expected to propose a single test injection dose of 25 mcg. Previously, as reported by the New Hanoi News, Nano Covax was the first Covid-19 vaccine in Vietnam to be injected for clinical trials in humans, researched and developed by Nanogen Technology Joint Stock Company. In phase 2, there were 560 volunteers registered for the trial, expanding the subjects from 18 to over 60 years old, of which, some people had background diseases such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, heart disease. 1 degree circuit … not too heavy. The test vaccination of Covid-19 Nano Covax vaccine phase 2 was held at two bridge points: the Military Medical Academy and the Pasteur Institute of Ho Chi Minh City (participating in the study, conducted in Ben Luc district, province. Long An). For objective reasons, there were 4 people who asked to withdraw from the list of experimental injections. As a result, 556 people completed the second phase of Nano Covax vaccine trial. Step 1: Access to https://www.bluezone.gov.vn or directly download at App Store or Play Store. Step 2: Once downloaded, the app will ask for Bluetooth permission to record contact with other Bluezone installed users. If Bluetooth isn’t open, drag the status notification bar and turn on Bluetooth; Or go to Settings, select Bluetooth and turn it on. Step 3: After the installation is complete, click Scan Around. If someone near you less than 2m has used Bluezone, the application will automatically identify these users and put them on the contact list.

Artwork: Internet Decreased immunity When the body lacks inorganic salts, vitamin C, and high-quality protein, it will decrease immunity, make patients suffer from colds constantly or easily catch colds, the body is weak and tired. People with such signs can change their daily regimen by consuming high-quality protein from soy milk, lean meats, fish, and eggs; Eat plenty of fruits and vegetables that contain iron, zinc and vitamins such as bean sprouts, citrus fruits, and tomatoes. The skin of hands and feet is peeling Peeling of limbs is a sign of vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that can boost the metabolism of the stratum corneum and maintain the healthy surface of the skin. However, lack of vitamin A easily causes the skin to peel off, rough, often occurs in people who work stressful, use computers for a long time. Therefore, you should eat plenty of animal organs that contain vitamin A, carrots, egg yolks, or milk. Dizziness and anemia The body lacks iron will cause the metabolism of oxygen in the blood to decrease, causing headaches, dizziness, anemia, poor concentration, pale skin, these people may experience dizziness when standing up suddenly. Usually, if this is the case, you should eat plenty of iron-rich foods such as black fungus, animal blood, animal organs, and red meats. Creaking noise in knees, shoulders and elbows These sounds can be due to fluid changes in the joint (called dry joints), or joint deflection, arthritis, damaged ligaments … See a doctor if you experience pain, swelling in your knees or elbows. restricting you from being active in sports or exercise. Hair loss According to Health, hair loss can be caused by many causes such as stress, malnutrition, pregnancy, medications, birth control pills, and weight loss. Healthy hair is smooth, silky smooth through a healthy diet, drinking plenty of water, sleep, exercise and emotional and mental stability. Pale, brittle nails Pretty little nails can reveal more health than you might think. Pale nail color or weak, brittle nails can be signs of diseases such as iron deficiency anemia, heart disease and hypothyroidism. Nails and toenails turn yellow and are rough and rough, indicating that they have a fungal infection. The rumbling in the stomach It was the sound of the intestines. When you’re hungry, seeing, smelling, or even thinking about food can stimulate your brain to initiate digestion. When you drink a glass of water, it also makes a “gurgling” sound due to the fluid entering the stomach. This is harmless, but see your doctor if the noise is accompanied by stomach pain, bloating, and heartburn. Or rapid weight loss for unknown reasons. Mouth sores recur General endocrine disorders, not paying attention to oral hygiene, excessive mental stress can easily cause mouth ulcers, in order to eliminate the above factors, it is necessary to prevent vitamin B deficiency, especially vitamin B2 deficiency. People with such symptoms should eat foods rich in Vitamin B2 and foods with spleen tonic and analgesic effects, such as pumpkins, soybeans or carrots. Cold hands and feet Selenium in foods can regulate thyroid function, and secreted thyroxine can regulate metabolism and blood circulation. People with mild selenium deficiency will slow blood circulation and cause cold hands and feet symptoms. People with severe selenium deficiency will decrease immunity, reduce vision, increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Therefore, you should eat more selenium-rich foods, such as mushrooms, garlic, and shellfish. Frequent nosebleeds The nosebleed is always related to the lack of vitamin K in the body, making the blood clotting disorder and easy to bleed. The diet of these people should be changed towards eating more spinach or cabbage containing vitamin K. People with blood clotting disorders should eat more fermented foods like natto (fermented beans) or yogurt. People with severe nosebleeds need to choose a specialized hospital for comprehensive examination and treatment. The buzzing or cicadas cry in the ears This sound is not in the ears but from the head because the brain misinterprets the signal. Exposure to strong noises can affect your ears, so use earplugs to decrease the pitch. See a doctor if tinnitus is persistent and only in one ear. This could be a sign of damage in the ear. Puffiness under the eyes Some of the symptoms under the eyes can be warning signs of illness that should not be ignored. Puffiness under the eyes because the body retains water because of eating too much salt, drinking too much alcohol causes bloating. Experts also say this could be a warning for other thyroid problems or kidney failure. If you are allergic to dairy or wheat foods, if eye puffiness appears abnormal, see your doctor for an early check. In addition, yellow eyes are a sign of liver disease and should be checked. Memory decline The brain consumes 20% of the energy the human body consumes. If you have recently suffered from memory impairment and slow response, you should be wary of malnutrition. You should eat a lot of carbohydrate-containing foods, such as potatoes, grains and sweet potatoes, as well as eggs, beans, fish oil and walnuts, which contain omega 3 fatty acids and choline, which can nourish cells. Brain. Sponsorship news

Mount Everest may no longer be immune to COVID-19. Photo: DW Even the highest peak in the world is no longer immune to the SARS-CoV-2 virus. There has been at least one confirmed case of COVID-19 from a base camp on the southern edge of Mount Everest in Nepal. After suffering from high-altitude cerebral edema syndrome (HAPE), this person was taken by helicopter to a hospital in the capital Kathmandu, tested and diagnosed positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus. The members of the group immediately had to undergo quarantine. A mountain climber with COVID-19 is identified as a Norwegian citizen. He said he may have been infected during the climb from the foot of the mountain to the main camp mentioned above. It is reported that at least three people in the climbing crew were infected with SARS-CoV-2. For its part, the Nepal Tourism Board intends to deny this, saying that the incident is still under investigation and that information about the infection is just rumors. As of April 21, Nepal has granted licenses to 377 individuals who want to climb mountains and conquer Mount Everest in 2021, only slightly less than the record number of 2019. With a population of 30 million, Nepal has recorded approximately 285,000 cases and 3,000 deaths from COVID-19 since the outbreak of the pandemic. At the end of March, the government loosened restrictions on tourists. To gain entry, international travelers only need to present a certificate of vaccination against COVID-19 or a PCR test negative for SARS-CoV-2 within 72 hours of arrival. If an additional negative test is performed at the capital airport, the traveler is free to travel in Nepal.

NDV-HXP-S is the first vaccine in clinical trials to use a new molecular design that is expected to produce more antibodies than current vaccines. With that, new vaccines could be made much easier than current vaccines. Low- and middle-income countries can either produce the NVD-HXP-S vaccine on their own or buy it back at low cost from neighboring countries. Photo: NY Times Existing vaccines from companies such as Pfizer and Johnson & Johnson must be made in specialized factories using ingredients that are difficult to buy. Meanwhile, the new vaccine can be produced from eggs. According to the NY Times, eggs are the raw material that produces billions of doses of flu vaccine each year in factories around the world. If the NDV-HXP-S vaccine is proven to be safe and effective, influenza vaccine manufacturers are capable of producing more than one billion doses of the vaccine each year. Low- and middle-income countries that are currently having trouble buying vaccines from richer countries can make NDV-HXP-S vaccines themselves or buy them at low cost from neighboring countries . “That was amazing. This is going to be the game changer, ”said Andrea Taylor, assistant director of the Center for Global Health Innovation at Duke University (USA). First, clinical trials have to determine that NDV-HXP-S is indeed effective in humans. The first phase of clinical trials will end in July, and the final phase will take a few months. However, animal trials have raised hope about the prospects of the new vaccine. The key to the Covid-19 vaccine The Covid-19 vaccine works by activating a natural immune mechanism in the human body. SARS-CoV-2 virus has a round shape and many spines surrounding the surface. These spikes are also known as ‘prickly proteins’, and they act as keys to help viruses enter cells. The vaccine will cause the body to produce resistance that helps to block these dendritic cells. However, injecting only mutant proteins into the body is not the best way to make vaccines because mutant proteins sometimes assume the wrong shape and prompt the immune system to produce the wrong antibodies. This happened long before the Covid-19 pandemic broke out. In 2015, another coronavirus appeared to cause Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Jason McLellan, a biologist at the Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth College, and colleagues have begun building a MERS vaccine. Researchers want to use mutant protein surges as a target, but they have to take into account the fact that mutant protein is a shape-altering substance. When the protein is about to fuse with a cell, it changes from a tulip-like shape to a javelin-like shape. McLellan and colleagues have discovered a way to keep proteins locked in a tulip-like shape is to change 2 of the more than 1,000 building blocks in the protein into a compound called proline. The protein spike to the two new proline molecules is more likely to assume tulip shape called 2P. The researchers injected the 2P mutation into mice and found that the animal could easily fend off the MERS-CoV infection. Scientists have published research on this mutant protein boost, but received little public attention. By the end of 2019, the SARS-CoV-2 virus has appeared and spread around the world. McLellan and his colleagues got into action, designing the 2P mutant for SARS-CoV-2. Within days, Moderna used that information to make the Covid-19 vaccine. Other companies quickly followed suit, applying the 2P mutation to Covid-19 vaccine makers and starting clinical trials. All three vaccines licensed so far in the US, Johnson & Johnson, Moderna and Pfizer / BioNTech, use 2P. Other vaccine manufacturers are also using 2P in vaccine trials. Novavax has had strong results with 2P mutant hemp protein increases in clinical trials and is expected to apply to the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for an emergency license within a few weeks. next. Eggs – the simple ingredient that makes up the vaccine The first wave of Covid-19 vaccine development required the use of specialized and expensive materials for its fabrication. Moderna’s RNA-based vaccines, for example, require genetic building blocks called nucleotides as well as fatty acids. These ingredients make up a vaccine produced in purpose-specific construction factories. Meanwhile, the production of the flu vaccine is based on just one study. Many countries have huge factories to produce low-cost flu vaccines, made up of eggs. The team at the PATH Center for Vaccine Innovation and Access wondered if scientists could create a cheap Covid-19 vaccine grown in chicken eggs. In this way, a vaccine factory for the flu can also produce Covid-19 vaccine. In New York (USA), a team of scientists at the Icahn School of Medicine in Mount Sinai already knew how to create such a vaccine using a bird virus called the harmless Newcastle virus. people. For years, scientists have been studying the Newcastle disease virus to create vaccines for a wide range of diseases. To develop the Ebola vaccine, for example, researchers added an Ebola gene to the unique Newcastle virus genome. Then, the scientists put the genetically modified virus into eggs, because this is a virus that causes disease in poultry, it multiplies rapidly in the eggs. Researchers have found that the Newcastle virus is prevented by Ebola proteins. Researchers at Mount Sinai have found that the NDV-HXP-S vaccine can protect mice well from disease. “I can say, this vaccine can protect all mice against the virus SARS-CoV-2. However, many people still do not understand the effects of this vaccine on humans, “said Peter Palese, lead researcher said. According to the NY Times, one egg can make 5-10 doses of the NDV-HXP-S vaccine, compared with just 1-2 doses of the flu vaccine. “We are very excited about this, because this could be a way of making a vaccine at low cost,” said Peter Palese. For some countries, the prospect of self-production of Covid-19 vaccine is highly desirable. However, Madhavi Sunder, an intellectual property expert at the Georgetown Law School, warns that the NDV-HXP-S vaccine will not help countries like Brazil get out of pandemic immediately when they are facing the tide. New Covid-19 translation wave. “We’re not talking about billions of doses of vaccine production. Instead, this strategy will be important for long-term vaccine production, not only for the Covid-19 epidemic but also for other possible pandemics in the future, ”Madhavi Sunder said.

AstraZeneca / Oxford University COVID-19 Vaccine. Photo: AFP / VNA

In February 2021, a team of vaccine researchers at Oxford University started a study called Com-Cov, in which volunteers are given the first and second shots with two different vaccines. are Oxford / AstraZeneca and Pfizer. Now, the researchers will add Moderna and Novavax vaccines to the pilot program.

Matthew Snape, Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Immunization at Oxford University and lead the study, said the focus of the study was to find out if the available COVID-19 vaccines could be used. more flexibly, with the use of one vaccine for the first shot and another for the second shot, or not.

Associate Professor Matthew Snape expects that if research can prove that the mixed vaccination produces the same immune response as the standard vaccination and does not significantly increase the response to the vaccine, there will be more. people completing the COVID-19 vaccination plan earlier. This will also assist the health system in responding to a shortage of any vaccines currently in use.

To expand this study, researchers are looking for more volunteers over the age of 50 who have received their first shot of the vaccine in the past 8 to 12 weeks. Volunteers, who received their first shot with the Oxford / AstraZeneca or Pfizer / BioNTech vaccine, will be randomly assigned to receive a second shot with the same first shot or with the vaccine. Made by Moderna or Novavax.