Design of a space tug to carry Russia’s 500kW Zeus nuclear reactor. Russia’s federal space agency Roscosmo announced that a “space tug” – a term used to refer to a spacecraft that transports astronauts or equipment from one orbit to another – is expected to carry out an interplanetary mission. planet by 2030. Accordingly, the spacecraft’s power module called “Zeus” is designed to generate enough power to propel heavy cargo into deep space. It is essentially a mobile nuclear power plant. Several countries have been eyeing similar technology as a way to shorten trips in space. Currently, spacecraft still rely on solar energy or gravity to accelerate. But that means it could take more than three years for astronauts to make a trip around Mars. Meanwhile, NASA estimates a nuclear-powered spacecraft could shorten that timeline by a year. NASA’s Juno unmanned spacecraft uses solar batteries to make a journey to explore Jupiter. Photo: NASA The US hopes to put a nuclear power plant – a 10-kilowatt reactor integrated with a lander to be exact – on the Moon as early as 2027. However, NASA has only sent one so far. nuclear reactor into space, on a satellite in 1965. Other spacecraft, such as the Mars rovers Curiosity and Perseverance, also run on nuclear power, but they do not use a reactor. Meanwhile, Russia has sent more than 30 reactors into space. Those efforts will be further pushed as the “Zeus” module uses a 500 kilowatt nuclear reactor to propel itself from planet to planet. Watch a video of a Russian space tug model announced in 2020 (Source: ETF News): According to the plan announced on the Russian state news agency Sputnik, the Zeus spacecraft will approach the Moon first, then move towards Venus. From here it can use the planet’s gravity to redirect toward its final destination, Jupiter. That will help save propellant fuel. According to Alexander Bloshenko, Roscosmos Science and Long-Term Programs Executive Director, the entire mission will last 50 months (more than four years). During a presentation in Moscow on May 22, Bloshenko said that Roscosmos and the Russian Academy of Sciences are still working to calculate the trajectory of the flight, as well as the mass it can carry. Going further, this mission could be the precursor to a new frontier of Russian space. Sputnik reported that Russia is designing a space station using similar nuclear-powered technology. The Soyuz rocket launches the spacecraft to the International Orbital Station (ISS) from Baikonur, Kazakhstan. Photo: Getty Images Nuclear power has advantages over solar energy Most spacecraft get their energy from some source: the sun, batteries, or unstable atoms called radioisotopes. For example, NASA’s Juno unmanned spacecraft at Jupiter uses solar panels to generate electricity. Solar energy can also be used to charge batteries in spacecraft, but this energy source becomes less efficient as the spacecraft gets further and further away from the Sun. In addition, lithium batteries can power shorter missions. For example, the Huygens probe used batteries to briefly land on Saturn’s moon Titan in 2005. Design of a NASA spacecraft using nuclear thermal propulsion. Photo: NASA NASA’s Voyager spacecraft uses radioactive isotopes (also known as “nuclear batteries”) to survive in the harsh environments outside the Solar System and interstellar space, but that’s not the same thing. bring a nuclear reactor on board. Putting nuclear reactors on spacecraft offers several advantages: They can survive in the dark, cold regions of the Solar System without sunlight. They are also stable, reliable in the long run. The Zeus nuclear reactor, for example, is designed to last 10 to 12 years. Plus, with their powerful energy, they can propel spacecraft to other planets in less time. But nuclear power also has its own set of challenges. Only certain fuels, like highly enriched uranium, can withstand the extreme heat of a reactor – and they may not be safe to use. In December 2020, the US banned the use of highly enriched uranium to propel objects into space if that mission was possible with other sources of nuclear fuel or non-nuclear energy. Russia prepares to build a nuclear-powered space station Russian cosmonaut Sergey Kud-Sverchkov returning from the ISS landed in a remote area in Kazakhstan on April 17, 2021. Photo: Reuters Russian engineers began developing the Zeus module in 2010 with the goal of getting it into Earth orbit within two decades. And they’re on track to get there. This technology could help Russia develop a new space station by 2025. In April, the BBC reported that Russia plans to stop cooperating with the International Space Station (ISS), which it currently shares with the International Space Station (ISS). America, Japan, Europe and Canada – in that year. Russia cooperated with the United States to launch the ISS in 1998. However, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Yury Borisov told Russia 1 state television last month that the status of the ISS “a lot of things are not yet achieved”. . Even recently, this orbiting station has experienced air leaks and oxygen supply system failures. NASA has announced that the ISS will operate until at least 2028, however, the agency will probably maintain the station for the next 10-15 years.

Domestic geese are fatter than natural geese because when domesticated, people have chosen large geese, domestic geese can weigh up to 10kg while wild swan geese are only 3.5kg and or gray geese are 4.1kg. Although stout, domestic geese can basically fly. The earliest records of domesticated geese suggest they were raised for fattening and sacrifice, but in Roman times geese were also bred for eggs and bred for specific traits such as calm personalities. or for beautiful, luxurious fur. It was not until 390 BC that geese were raised to become a guardian animal in Roman life. It is said that once at the temple of the goddess Juno, there was a flock of geese, they were considered sacred animals and no one dared to eat them. In 390 BC, Rome was besieged by the Gauls, and late one night, Gaul soldiers sneaked up the Capitoline hill where the temple of the goddess Juno was to surprise Rome. The dogs raised by the inhabitants of Rome were not alarmed because they were easily bribed with fresh meat. With the exception of the geese, they immediately noticed the unusual disturbance and began to call loudly. Thanks to the cry of the geese, the Roman soldiers were awakened and successfully defended their city. Since this event, the geese are considered heroes, sacred animals, and an annual festival is held – dressed in purple and yellow geese costumes and teasing them. Dogs because of “greed for food” forgot their guard duty. Goose has aggressive behavior Aggressive geese – this behavior is related to their size – a large and clumsy bird. Geese are difficult to hide when threatened, so they will display aggressive and aggressive attitudes to avoid danger. Goose tolerates extreme weather well, even when it snows, it still likes to be outside grooming. The ability to protect themselves well plus preferring to be outside rather than indoors, geese are often raised by farmers with flocks of chickens, ducks and geese to protect themselves. Day vision (nearly blind at night) and hearing of geese are extremely sharp, they can sense movements long before humans realize. While most birds do not respond to things they see in favor of humans, geese are the opposite. It emits a loud and aggressive sound – these are ideal sentinel and protective attributes. Geese are also territorial, they know where their home is and protect it. Not many domesticated birds are territorial, and fewer are aggressive in the face of intruders. Goose is more aggressive during mating season or when it is with “wife” and cubs. The male goose will immediately stretch his neck to its full length, turn his head to look at you with one eye and be ready to attack, no matter who the threat is. The goose’s protective behavior for mates and young remains unchanged from that of its wild ancestors. The goose lives with one mate for life and it is very loyal to its owner, not forgetting the people and other animals it lives with. Geese are not affected by food, no matter how good the food is. Therefore, many farmers in the world prefer to keep geese to guard the house and protect other animals than dogs. Vegetarian goose Unlike chickens and ducks, which prefer insects, crickets and protein-rich foods, geese prefer to eat plants, very voracious but all plants. When combining raising geese with suitable plants, they will eat all the weeds around and absolutely do not touch agricultural products. Goose has a good memory, it remembers people, distinguishes who is who by shape, gestures and voice, it also knows which chicken and dog friends are next to him and remembers situations and surroundings. around. So what is unusual, disturbing even small, strangers appear, they will welcome with cries and aggressive attitude. *In 1986, the US military purchased 750 geese from German farmers to protect their military bases. Or in Dumbarton, Scotland, the famous whiskey company Ballantine used geese to guard during 1959 until 2012 when it was replaced with security cameras. These geese are called “Scotch Watch”.