From the Windows official push, it is found that the avatar and background image are replaced with blue elements, which can roughly be seen to be the same as the default wallpaper of Win11, which further verifies that the “next generation of Windows” is Win11. The brand-new Win11 gives people a brand-new UI visual experience, whether it is rounded corners or floating, or brand-new animation, start menu design, will bring users a refreshing feeling.

According to Microsoft, it is planning to “innovate and develop exciting sensor technology” for future versions of Windows. As part of Windows 11 or the upcoming Windows update, popular features such as “user presence detection”, gesture detection, and ambient light will be improved to “achieve a dazzling user experience on Windows.”

Some important Windows 11 changes include rounded corners in Start, Windows Search, menus, and other windows. Microsoft has also updated traditional functions such as the control panel and device manager, using rounded corners, and adding the shadow effect of the Fluent Design design language.

What kind of changes will be made to Windows 11? Welcome to continue to pay attention to the editor. We will continue to release the latest news about Windows 11

Lightning can produce from 2 – 16% of the amount of hydroxyl. The hydroxyl radical is important in the atmosphere because it triggers chemical reactions and breaks down air pollutant molecules like methane. Decomposition of atmospheric pollutants Lightning may play a bigger role than we thought in a fundamental process that helps clean our air of pollutants, according to the results of a new study. Lightning strikes during storms produce large amounts of molecules called oxidizing radicals, which can break down gases such as carbon monoxide and methane in the atmosphere. These are atmospheric pollutants that can contribute to global warming and damage to the ozone layer. Carbon monoxide and methane enter the atmosphere from both natural and industrial sources. Methane is produced by the decomposition of plants, but is also released by oil and gas development and agriculture. Carbon monoxide and other polluting hydrocarbons can be generated by industries and wildfires. However, natural processes in the atmosphere, driven mainly by sunlight, have produced molecules called radicals, the most important of which are hydroxyls. These molecules are very chemically active (meaning that they are more likely to react with other molecules) and can react with pollutants to form new compounds that are harmless or potentially harmful. can be easily attached to water and released into the air. New research led by Pennsylvania State University meteorology professor William Brune has found that lightning produces far more hydroxyl molecules than previously known. His work shows that more than 10% of the supply of these scavenging radicals in the atmosphere can be generated by lightning storms. Use an airplane to fly through the storm Lightning’s ability to clean the atmosphere. The work involved flying NASA’s DC-8 research plane through deep convection thunderstorms to collect data. According to Professor Brune, this is not as dangerous as one might think. “Very interesting indeed. The pilots are phenomenal. They know what they’re doing. They know how to keep planes safe. But it’s really interesting because you can see deep convection and this is very close and personal,” said Prof. Brune. “We did this study in 2012, flying over central China. America and try to see what’s going into the storm chemically, what’s going to come up above. And to our surprise, we saw a very large amount of OHs (hydroxyl molecules). At first, we did not believe the signals received. They are huge, a thousand times larger than the largest mass we have ever seen.” The data collected from the aircraft was compared with data collected from radio receivers on the ground that track lightning flashes in the clouds. Both data sets confirmed the production of high amounts of hydroxyl radicals due to lightning strikes. Hydroxyl radicals are produced when the energy of lightning strikes breaks down water vapor in the atmosphere. “You can think of it like water that has removed the hydrogen atom and then wants to get that hydrogen back. So it becomes very active as it goes and tries to get the hydrogen back,” he said. That means the hydroxyl radical is very reactive with methane or carbon monoxide molecules. Climate change models need to be updated According to the scientists, about 1,800 lightning storms circulate around the planet, which leads the researchers to estimate that this phenomenon produces between 2% and 16% of the amount of hydroxyl present in the atmosphere.

A single lightning bolt can release up to a billion volts, tens of thousands of amps, travel at more than 434,000 km/h and in just a few millionths of a second reach 30,000 degrees Celsius – hotter than the surface of the Sun. Professor Brune admits that it is difficult to gauge the effectiveness of this process on a global scale. The results of this study were based on a limited number of flights over a small portion of the United States. There is still a lot of information that needs to be gathered to create a global picture. However, Professor Brune believes that the hydroxyl generated by lightning has a significant worldwide impact. Previous models suggested that lightning was not a significant contributor to the clean-up of the atmosphere. “Our best estimate right now is from 2%, which is quite important, to more than 10%, which is very important, for the total cleanup of the atmosphere. These estimates may change as our planet warms. Some climate change models show an increase in thunderstorm activity, which means more hydroxyl production and more cleaning of the atmosphere in the future. Other climate models suggest that there may not be much lightning, but lightning strikes will be more intense and may also alter the numbers. In any case, future models of climate change and global pollution will have to take into account this new information about the cleaning of the atmosphere, according to Professor Brune. Existing models may need updating.

Suddenly there was an ear-piercing explosion, like a bomb. I’m sure lightning knocked down some big tree in my village. I was pale, just afraid that the innocent coconut tree towering in front of my yard would also be punished by God. Rain started to fall. My whole village was immersed in the first rain of the season, also known as the summer rain. Torrential rain, torrential rain, showers of drains. I was excited to rush out to the yard to shower in the rain, bathe naked, take a bath like that, it would be nice. I stood in the middle of the yard, immersed in the rain, the rain pouring down on my head, my hair soaking wet, the rain running down my cheeks. I could not rub my face. I raised my face to the sky, letting the rain fall directly on my face, so that I could feel the same joy of showering. And yet, I lay on my stomach on the brick yard, let the rain water water my bare back, then I turned over, let the rain fall on my stomach, so that I could be satisfied, that I was “full of rain.” “. Next, I ran to the far end of the yard, plugging the drain. About five minutes later, God gave me a free rainwater swimming pool. Although this pool water is only up to my knees, it is enough for me to swim, dive, swim, swim on my back on the brick floor that is just a normal rice drying yard. I am happy, I am delighted, I am happy, I scream, I scream loudly under the cool first rain of the season that is covering my village. These are the sublime moments of my childhood, when me and nature, me and heaven and earth were intertwined and intertwined. Rainwater flows abundantly, slick, flooding villages, fields and gardens. The air became cooler, people, animals and plants were refreshed, craving more than usual. We still call the first rain of the season the “rain of frogs”. Only about half an hour after this “lucky” rain, all over my village, in the garden, in the fields, echoes of the hum, the croak, the chorus of male frogs calling for their mates. That was also the signal telling me, let’s go to the frog, that is, shine the torch to find and catch frogs (“man frog” is the language of my village, many locals call it “soi frog”). I quickly put the bamboo basket on my waist, lit a torch made of dry bamboo and bamboo that had been built up in the corner of the kitchen for a long time. And I aim for the fields, where the echoes of the male frogs croak to call for a mate. I lit the torch, watched, and one by one I saw frogs embracing each other in the rain puddles in the field. I just reached out and grabbed a pair of frogs who were in love, no longer knowing what heaven and earth were, and put them in the basket deliciously. Frogs have a very respectable “quality”, that is, once they are mates, they are determined not to leave each other. Even when she spotted me, the female frog still tried to carry her partner, the male frog, on her back, jump around and run away together. They live and die together, no matter how strong, everyone runs. Looking back now, I somewhat regret it, willing to destroy the climaxing love of the “frog lovers” in the cool and romantic summer night, the innocent and harmless frogs. People say “hundreds of torches can catch frogs”, but for me, on the first rainy night of the season, with favorable weather conditions, just one torch was enough to catch more than a dozen frogs. It was a normal thing in the past, in the 50s of the last century, but now it is impossible to dream, because where are the natural frogs in a toxic environment full of pesticides and chemicals. . Copper frog meat, that is, natural frog meat, not farmed frogs, is delicious and nutritious, so you probably won’t even know it. Especially the fried frog with lemongrass and chili, or the frog braised with banana and beans (my mother often cooks and I love it). As for the dish and stir-fried frog with bamboo shoots, every drinker will say it’s a top favorite, if not unique…

F-35A Lightning II . (Source: airforcemag.com) According to Sputnik, Air Force Magazine considers the F-35A Lightning II to be the most effective fighter aircraft in the world US Air Force . The magazine notes that between 2019 and 2020, the Mission Capable Rate (MCR) of this fifth-generation fighter has increased from 61.6 to 76.07%. Meanwhile, this parameter of the F-22A Raptor has increased from 50.57 to 51.98%; The MCR of the F-15C, F-16C and F-16D increased, but decreased with the F-15D and F-15E. The improved combat capabilities of the F-35A Lightning II are due to the renewed fleet of aircraft, as well as an increase in the number of available spare parts and the opening of new warehouses for them. The magazine reiterated that the US Air Force plans to phase out the F-15C and F-15D, as well as in the future to phase out the F-15C. F-22A Raptor . Earlier in April, The Drive reported that the US Air Force’s F-35A Lightning II would be equipped with a tablet with an “app store.” However, Defense News revealed F-35A Lightning II incapable of traversing significant distances over the Pacific Ocean in air-to-air conditions aerial refueling ./.

Turkey’s “Anka” drone (Image: wikimedia) The new attack drone (UAV, drone-ND) “Simsek” (“Lightning”) was introduced to the public by Turkish Aerospace company of Turkey this week. Unlike another UAV which is currently very famous in Turkey, “Bauyraktar”, UAV “Lightning” is a drone – kamikaze (UAV suicide, UAV is also known as flying bullets. wait-ND) – it plunges into the target and detonates the warhead. UAV- kamikaze Simsek Turkey At first glance, this is not something too new – “Simsek” is not the first type of bullets waiting to fly. The Israelis and the Americans have accumulated a lot of valuable experience in this field. Yes, and Russia already has some such design. But nevertheless, the uniqueness of the Turkish “Lightning” is that it was brought to the launch point by another drone with a larger engine power – that is, the “Anka” UAV, which also came to the fore. Turkish company aforementioned design. UAV “Anka” – a version similar to “Predator” USA and also has a useful payload of 200 kg. It has two hangers under the wings, and therefore, is capable of carrying two Simsek-kamikaze UAVs within a range of about 500 km. And as a result, it greatly increased the range of the offensive weapon (ie UAV “Simsek”). And also so that there is no need to use a manned air force to perform the same mission. To create “Simsek”, the Turks took 12 years. This project has been in operation since 2009. But in the early days, the Turks had no intention of building “Simsek” into UAV-kamikaze, but rather to build a type of high-speed aerial target to test the air defense systems, as well as for testing of “air-to-air” class cruise missiles launched from fighter aircraft. And also do not understand why the Tho kept silent during the project to build this suicide drone. Until the end of last April, General Director of Turkish Aerospace (Turkish Airlines – Aerospace) Temel Kotil recently revealed some details about the project in an interview with CNN Turk. Mr. Kotil said that the combat head weight of “Simsek” is 5 kg. The flight distance after launching from “Anka” is 100-200 km. This UAV is equipped with a jet turbine engine, so it is quite high speed. In addition, the Turkish Aerospace’s General Manager also added that it is highly maneuverable. However, I really don’t understand what this UAV model needs to be maneuverable for. Mr. Kotil did not disclose how to control the drone. He spoke briefly about: a) it is fully autonomous and b) capable of being directed to the target in direct line of sight, either from a drone or from an operator. underground. “Simsek” is capable of destroying fixed targets on the ground. From the aforementioned “a” point, we can see that the navigation for this type of projectile is carried out by GPS signals. Therefore, the most effective method to “treat” the UAV “Simsek” is to suppress satellite positioning signals with electronic warfare systems. From point “b”, it can be concluded that navigation can be done by radio command, or by laser beam. To do this, the appropriate equipment must be installed on the UAVs. And there is another very important issue. The maximum distance from the target to the launch point of the UAV-carrier is 700 km (500 km for “Anka” + 200 km for “Simsek”). In order to connect these two drones when selecting a target and choosing to attack the target, it is necessary to have a control officer at the UAV launch site – the vehicle carrying “Anka”. And so, need a high-speed satellite communication channel. Many experts believe that after a while “Simsek” Turkey will “learn” how to attack mobile targets on the ground. However, to do that, it will either have to be equipped with a self-conducting terminal – either infrared or active radar, or be able to exchange information through a reliable data transmission channel. to control the flight path. It is reported that Turkish Aerospace will produce up to one hundred “Simsek” drones per year. At this point, it must be said that Russia was ahead of Turkey in making flying ammo. But, unfortunately, up to now this is only one step ahead in terms of fabrication timelines. The two drones – kamikaze of the Zala Aero company of the “Kalashnikov” group have successfully passed the “brides face view at the Syrian shooting range”. These were UAVs “Kub” and UAVs “Lancet”. These two types of UAVs were built with a gap of nearly 2 years. However, in terms of strength, they are more modest than the “Turks”. The combat head weight of “Kub” – 3 kg. Of “Lancet-1” – 1 kg. And “Lancet-3” – up to 3 kilograms. And they are launched by traditional methods – with catapults. The shorter operating distance (Simsek) is considerable – only 30 km to 40 km. Speed ​​- from 80 to 130 km / h. Flight time is 30 minutes. But in return, the Russian works to realize on the UAVs on other features, also extremely important, a much more skillful way. All three of the aforementioned Russian drones are quite similar, only “Lancet-1” is slightly different – it has a smaller size and weight, only 5 kg. On all three UAVs there is a television camera – it is used by an officer on the ground to guide the UAV to a target. As a result, the maximum error when attacking their target did not exceed 2 meters. The mean error is even less. The image from the camera is transmitted via the anti-noise channel to the ground control point, and from this control point, the UAV is directed to the target. In addition, the Russian drone – kamikaze is able to operate independently, without the involvement of an operator – it flies to the target according to coordinates that have been pre-installed in memory. And this type of waiting-flying ammunition made by the Russian company Zala Aero also has a very “top notch” feature – that is the ability to stealth. It is completely understandable that they are made of composite materials, – an almost imperative requirement today. But at the same time, “Kub” ‘s body was shaped like a bird. And it moves in the air like a bird, except without flapping its wings. But there is a special mode that simulates the flight path of the birds. The “Lancet” has a more complex aerodynamic configuration – a vertically double fuselage with two pairs of X-shaped wings. At the same time, according to the design engineers, the drone is nearly “flying in silence. ”(Make no noise). They have different flight patterns. Can fly to the target at an altitude of 3-4 meters, and follow the terrain folds. They can also attack targets from a height of 4.5 km. This method is used when attacking a tank in the least protected top view. Unlike Turkish kamikaze, Russian drones are capable of attacking mobile targets. In addition, the designers “Kub” and “Lancet” asserted that such a stand-by bullet attack would be much cheaper than using a self-propelled howitzer. Therefore, there is a bright prospect for large-scale production of kamikaze drones to use them for mass attacks on enemy battlefields. The “ZALA Lancet” suicide drone of the “Kalashnikov” Group (Photo: Marina Lystseva / TASS) With such a spirit, it is advisable to pay attention to a comment of the US newspaper Washington Post – a newspaper with very “enthusiastic” responses to the drones – kamikaze of the Russian “Kalashnikov” Group. on display at the IDEX-2019 international weapons exhibition. This American newspaper suddenly announced that this was truly a revolution in the world of weapons, and the Russian drones presented at the show were, in fact, “a rifle. attack the modern Kalashnikov (AK) “. The strange thing is that both the US and Israel have suicide drones, at least not worse than Russian suicide drones. However, the Americans were convinced by the low cost and simplicity of use of the Russian “Kalashnikov” product. Knowing how, we won’t argue with them on this topic. Le Hung- Nguyen Hoang (Translate)

In fact, in recent years, the changes faced by the auto industry are not only the tide of smart electrification, but also changes in the automobile consumption structure-the younger car buyers and the increase in the proportion of women buying cars. As early as 2019, the Travel Association stated that people born in the 80s and 90s have gradually become the main car-buying group. And with the improvement of women’s social status, the proportion of female users in car purchases is gradually increasing. According to big survey data, in 2020, women’s car purchase consumption will reach 22.28%, which has exceeded that of men (22.00%). This is the first time in the past ten years that women spend more on buying cars than men, and women buying cars tend to be younger, with the largest number of women aged 26-35. Great Wall Motors has already targeted this market that few car companies pay attention to. On August 20, 2018, Great Wall Motors officially released the Euler brand. Euler is positioned as a car brand that prefers women. The first model, the Euler iQ, was officially launched at the Chengdu Auto Show that year. At this Shanghai Auto Show, Oula Motors held a special press conference with a cute style. There were also traffic actor Zhang Binbin and popular actress Mao Xiaotong to help out. Source: Euler Motors At this Shanghai Auto Show, Euler Motors launched a variety of new cars, but the most concerned is the Euler Lightning Cat and the Euler Punk Cat. Euler Lightning Cat accelerates from zero to 100 kilometers in less than 4 seconds, has frameless doors, hidden door handles, automatic lifting tail, equipped with L3+ level automatic driving assistance, full-scenario intelligent automatic parking, ORA multi-mode integrated supercomputing platform, ORA exclusive Omnidirectional super-sensing system, Qualcomm’s third-generation intelligent platform, V2X Internet of Everything, etc. It is understood that the Euler Lightning Cat released by Euler Motors this time is its first pure electric super sports car model, which will be sold globally and is expected to be priced at 30,000 US dollars and less than 200,000 yuan. Another brand-new Eulerpunk cat continues the retro aesthetic design idea. Its appearance is similar to the original Volkswagen Beetle. The front face part adopts a design style similar to the Euler Goodcat. The round headlights are very eye-catching. Yu Fei, general manager of Great Wall Motor’s Euler brand marketing, said that among the models that have been released and are already on sale, the price of the punk cat is the highest, which stretches the brand’s tone and overall brand positioning. It will be listed in the first half of this year. Judging from the on-site reaction of the press conference on the 19th, many senior media professionals believe that the two new products launched by Euler are very outstanding in appearance and have the most basic conditions to attract female consumers, or can help Euler Motors to further its sales. On the probe. Source: Euler Motors It is understood that the sales volume of Euler Automobile reached 17,634 in the first two months of 2021, second only to Wuling and Tesla, ranking third. At the beginning of April, Wei Jianjun, chairman of Great Wall Motors, said when attending the event that Great Wall Motors’ electric vehicle brand Euler is expected to surpass Tesla in sales in 2023. But it is worth noting that Euler’s models are mainly concentrated in the low-end car market of 60,000 to 150,000 yuan, and high cost performance is its main competitive advantage. In the mainstream price range of 150,000 to 250,000, Euler Motors has no products before. The launch of Euler Lightning Cat and Euler Punk Cat will help Euler Motors cover this price range. But whether consumers will buy it depends on the market response.

“Is the rain so hard?”, I asked. Ms. Nhi (53 years old, selling fruit in front of the University of Education of Ho Chi Minh City) just laughed: “In the rainy season, we have to bear it, he rains and stops it, we stop it raining, we will continue to sell. Whenever heavy rain, prolonged, come back and rest early ”. The rainy season passes through the city but does not mean every day is rainy, it just means that a rainy day is more than a sunny day. Someone who was not born and raised in this city, but living here for a few years, well understands the weather situation of the city “early sunshine and afternoon rain” and as a survival instinct, people will know how to adapt. Adapt to the rain – sun in the city In areas where there are many office buildings and companies, you will definitely not worry about hunger, because there are enough restaurants around there from snacks to full food. Alley 100, Nguyen Cong Tru Street (District 1), during the lunch break, the office was bustling with rice, this season it was easy to hear people whispering: “Eat quickly and go back to the room to rain”, “bring an umbrella, The clouds are so dark. ”… Ms. Hoa (62 years old), parking her tea car in front of the alley, also took advantage of her acquaintance: there”. Guest nodded and smiled, Ms. Hoa quickly made a few cups of tea. Every job is difficult, but making a living by selling or working outdoors, the natural rain and rain becomes a direct factor. But people always have a way to adapt, almost in this city, I have not heard anyone say because it rains and quit work, only a little bit extreme and sell a little bit slower. Also on rainy days, the benevolent and generous character of the city “drew” more raincoats. On sunny day, easy to see “free iced tea” vase / box, it is raining, hanging in front of the house / shop or a big tree stump on some city streets, the carton paper says “Free raincoat” . Of course, it was a small raincoat to wear immediately so as not to get wet, but the rain fell, it was very smart to take it off, then only be able to wear it once or twice. But the precious thing is that people always know how to share together during hardships, a small raincoat also helps to prevent a heavy rain from getting wet. Rain – sunshine is the law of nature and rain and shine in this city also become a romantic theme of poetry. People remember the flower season – the season of scent in the capital, but Ho Chi Minh City has only 2 rainy and sunny seasons, it also goes into literature, staying in the nostalgia of those who are far away from the city. Rain – sun also carries more stories of life full of love …

“This work makes it possible for us to understand part of the study,” said Benjamin Hess, a graduate student in the Department of Earth Sciences and Planetary Science at Yale University and the first author of the study. form life on Earth, and possibly extend to study of planets – life could be forming on those planets in a similar way “. The origin of life also commonly known as the process of life generation (abiogenesis) is a term for the different theories about the formation and development of life on Earth. Of these theories, the most popular up to now are the scientific theories that say: this is the natural process by which life arises from non-living matter, from inorganic substances into single organic compounds. simplified, then evolved into today’s world. As we all know, phosphorus is an essential component of life on Earth. Even looking for extraterrestrial life in space, scientists will look for signs of phosphorus. However, billions of years ago, phosphorus was trapped in insoluble minerals and was difficult to escape and exert its effects. Therefore. This issue has been of interest to scientists for many years, who want to know how phosphorus is converted into an easier to use form, thereby promoting life-generating processes. Researchers suggest that the phosphorus that helps create life on Earth may come from schreibersite, a rare but very common mineral in meteorites. When lightning strikes soil or sand (derived from meteorites) on the ground, it can instantly melt and then solidify to form natural glass – fulgurite (also known as clayey rock. ). These meteors can be submerged, meaning that in the presence of water, the phosphorus in this mineral can be dissolved outward and potentially become part of a chemical reaction. Although the details of life’s formation on Earth are still unknown, the popular scientific hypothesis is that the transition from non-living entities to living entities is not an event. single, which is an increasingly complex process involving molecular self-replication, self-assembly, autogenesis and the appearance of cell membranes. Although the occurrence of the origin of life is not controversial among scientists, there is no single accepted model for the origin of life. Initially many scientists agreed with this idea, but through intensive research and statistics, they found that from 3.5 to 4.5 billion years before life on Earth was born. The number of meteors on our planet is not enough to be life-boosting factors. In the new study, Hess et al. Proposed that phosphorus on Earth could come from lightning strikes. They believe that this is more likely than that of elemental phosphorus coming from meteorites, because compared to asteroid collisions, the number of lightning strikes Earth each year is relatively stable. “This makes lightning an important way to study the origin of life,” Hess said. The team also used computer modeling to estimate how many lightning strikes occurred on Earth during the critical period in the beginning of life. They found that there could be between 1 billion and 5 billion lightning strikes the Earth each year, and 100 thousand to 1 billion of them falling on the Earth’s surface. Earth remains the only place in the universe known to life, and fossil evidence from Earth facilitates most studies of the origin of life. The age of the Earth is about 4.54 billion years, the earliest irrefutable evidence of life on Earth dates back at least 3.5 billion years ago, and possibly as early as the Ancient Pre-Tai era ( 3.6 to 4.0 billion years ago), after the geological crust began to harden after the molten Hadean Eon. In May 2017, scientists found possible evidence of early terrestrial life in the 3.48 billion year old geyserite and other related mineral deposits (often found around water springs). hot and geysers) discovered in Pilbara Craton, Western Australia. According to the study’s estimates, the number of lightning strikes on Earth could reach 10 ^ 17 to 10 ^ 18 in a billion years. Researchers suggest that under the impact of too many lightning strikes, after 1 billion years, ores formed by lightning strike the ground can release phosphorus that can participate in chemical reactions in the presence of water. In other words, it was lightning in this period that produced enough phosphorus to explain the existence of phosphorus at the origin of life on Earth.

The apartment has an area of ​​about 110 m2 with a living room, a master bedroom, a cinema room, 3 balconies and 2 bathrooms. The design team of Minh Nguyen Design (MND) does the work and the host is a 9X personality girl, loves fashion and likes red. The interior space is dominated by black and gray, with the highlight of the dark red color of the sofa according to the personality and preferences of the owner. In addition, modern fashion Houndstooth patterns are incorporated into the interior space. The most special highlight of the house is the Kaws & Bearbricks collection. Each position and size of each of these characters are calculated and arranged accordingly. The apartment impresses with the showcases of the Kaws & Bear Brick collection. The interior uses red as an accent. The material used in the interior space is the contrast between the rough and glossy materials: the matte black steel staircase with the stone and polished glass, the terrazzo rough stone wall contrasting with the black floor. Youthful modern design style with open spaces linked together from the living room, dining room and kitchen area. The kitchen counter facade is made of scratched metal combined with a black lightning bolt pattern, combined with a high bar. The dark, personality-style kitchen contrasts with the light from the decorative LED lights. A beautiful kitchen will inspire to create delicious dishes and beautiful cocktails. Master bedroom with large balcony is designed with dark colors but modern and still remains warm. Materials stone, glass and lighting system layout make the bathroom become luxurious. From the apartment, the owner can enjoy the whole scene of Hanoi at night.

Illustration of lightning hitting Earth 4 billion years ago.

However, according to geologists, lightning strikes are just as important as meteorites to create perfect conditions for life on Earth.

Scientists believe that the minimum amount of minerals present on early Earth was caused by billions of lightning strikes.

Detect important minerals

A study published in Nature Communications led by scientist Benjamin Hess of the School of Earth and Environment, at the University of Leeds (UK) looked at the possibility that lightning could contribute to life.

The scientists found that life could develop on Earth-like planets through the same mechanism at any time if the atmospheric conditions were right.

Hess et al. Studied an exceptionally large and primitive fulgurite sample. This is a rock created when lightning strikes the ground. This model was formed when lightning struck a house in Glen Ellyn, Illinois (USA) in 2016 and donated to the Geology department at the nearby Wheaton College.

The Leeds researchers were initially interested in how fulgurite was formed, but were later intrigued when they discovered that there was an unusual amount of a phosphorus mineral called schreibersite in the sample at Glen Ellyn.

Phosphorus is essential for life and plays an important role in all life processes from movement to growth and reproduction. Phosphorus has been present on Earth since infancy and is in minerals that cannot be dissolved in water, however, schreibersite can.

Mr. Hess is a graduate student at Yale University, Connecticut (USA), said, “Many people believe that life on Earth originates from shallow surface waters according to the famous” small warm pond “concept of the house. Darwin Science ”.

“Most models of how life might form on the Earth’s surface show that meteors carry small amounts of schreibersite.

Our research found a relatively large amount of shreibersite in fulgurite “- he said -” Lightning hits the Earth regularly, which proves that phosphorus is necessary for the origin of life on the Earth’s surface not only. rely on asteroid collisions.

Perhaps more importantly, this also means that the formation of life on another Earth could still take place long after meteoric collisions became rare.

The phosphorus minerals produced by the lightning bolts exceeded those from meteorites when Earth was about 3.5 billion years old (the age of the earliest known microscopic fossils), the team estimated. That underscores the importance of lightning to life on Earth.

Furthermore, lightning bolts are much less destructive than meteorite collisions, meaning they are less likely to interfere with fragile evolutionary paths in which life can
develope.

The fulgurite was excavated in Glen Ellyn, Illinois (USA).

The role of lightning quantity

Lightning is also a topic of interest to scientists when thinking about life on Earth in the early days because it leads to the production of gases like nitrous oxide that played a role in the origin of life. .

Hess and his other researchers used this existing research to investigate and review the rate of lightning strikes on early Earth. Today, we have 560 million lightning strikes a year.

Meanwhile, early Earth, this number was from 1 to 5 billion per year, of which 100 million to 1 billion lightning strikes the ground. Over a billion years, lightning strikes can reach 1 trillion and generate a lot of phosphorus.

In the early days, lightning struck more on Earth because there was more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide contributes to global temperatures and the higher the temperature, the more intense and frequent the storms are, Hess said.

“Carbon dioxide levels soared on Earth early after a Mars-sized object crashed into Earth and created the Moon 4.5 billion years ago. This also releases a lot of gas from inside the Earth, like carbon dioxide, which then gets trapped in the Earth’s atmosphere and leads to more lightning, ”explained Hess.

The fulgurite fragment is found in Glen Ellyn, Illinois (USA).

Expert review

Dr., Associate Professor of Geochemistry Jason Harvey and Professor of Geology and Structural Construction Sandra Piazolo at Leeds University’s School of Earth and Environment advised Mr. Hess on the above research project.

“The initial meteor bombardment was a one-time event in the Solar System,” said Dr. Harvey. When the planets reach their mass, the additional distribution of phosphorus from the meteorites becomes negligible.

On the other hand, lightning is not a one-off event, the elements necessary for the formation of life can thus be transferred to the surface of a planet. This means that life can appear on Earth-like planets at any given time.

Meanwhile, Professor Piazolo said: “The above interesting research opens the door to some future paths when searching for and analyzing in depth new fulgurite in the early Earth-like environment, analyzing The effect of heating on other minerals is to realize similar characteristics.

There is also a further analysis of this particularly well preserved fulgurite to determine the extent of the physical and chemical processes within it ”.

“All these studies will help to improve our understanding of the importance of fulgurite in changing the chemical environment of the Earth over time” – Professor Piazolo added.

This person said he caught the crew shooting in a shopping mall at night, but everyone was very friendly and not upset. In the viral photo, one can see the glimmering figure of Song Hye Kyo who is filming the scene in the movie. The post quickly received a lot of attention from Korean netizens.

The movie Song Hye Kyo has not aired yet has received positive “feedback” from Korean audiences.

While Song Hye Kyo’s movie has not been broadcast yet, has been praised by the audience, the Mouse ekip, starring Lee Seung Gi, was criticized by the netizens. The reason is that the crew was filming in front of the people’s house but did not ask for permission, making noises until late at night, the crew of the crew did not wear a mask during the Covid-19 translation, causing many people to call the police to handle it. .

Ekip Mouse received fierce criticism for his unprofessional work affecting those around him.

Talking about Now, We Are Breaking Up, this is the movie where Song Hye Kyo will take on the role of Ha Young Eun, the design leader at a major fashion brand. She has an independent, strong, intelligent personality and always controls everything very well. Ha Young Eun is the representative of the modern generation of women who value their careers and do not waste time on boring love relationships. However, things began to change when Ha Young Eun met Yoon Jae Guk (Jang Ki Yong).

The film is expected to air in November next.

Check the humidity at the foot of the forest of U Minh National Park in the morning of April 15.

At noon April 15, the sudden rain lasted about 10:30 a.m. to 13 p.m., helping to cool down the hot sun on the forest stands of U Minh low-cut cajuput forest.

It is also a rare unseasonal rain from the beginning of the dry season 2020-2021 up to now in Ca Mau. Rain lowers the hot summer noon heat, increases humidity and adds a significant amount of water to canals and ditches in the forest stand of Ca Mau Melaleuca forest. But according to the force that is directly in charge of the “fire watch” task in the dry season, the off-season rain often has lightning that causes the forest fire, but it is very difficult to fight the fire and extinguish the fire, because the tree trunk and leaves have been cleared of dust.

The possibility of lightning causing fire is also a concern of the Secretary of the Provincial Party Committee, Chairman of the People’s Council of Ca Mau province Nguyen Tien Hai, during a visit to the inspection of forest fire prevention and fighting (FPF) in the forest stand of U Minh Ha Melaleuca forest. on the morning of April 15.

Talking with forest owners in U Minh, Provincial Party Secretary cited many fires caused by lightning at the beginning of the rainy season. Therefore, the forest owners must not ignore and lose their guard against the early rains of the season. “Fire is caused by humans, we can be prevented by good control, but due to lightning, we can only detect it in time to extinguish, prevent big fires from happening” – Secretary of the Ca Mau Provincial Party Committee noted and requested the ” forest owners ”need to be more professional in forest management and protection. Specifically, in 2022, at all costs, the forest management and protection units in U Minh must install specialized cameras (magic eyes), and at the same time purchase unmanned aerial vehicles for monitoring and management. forest management and protection, as well as forest fire prevention and fighting.

Out-of-season rain increases the risk of fire in the stand of Ca Mau Melaleuca forest.

Up to the present time, the entire forest stand of Ca Mau Melaleuca forest has been drought, the risk of forest fire at any time. Among them, level IV fire alarms (dangerous level) are more than 19,480 ha and grade V (extremely dangerous level) is nearly 8,000 ha, accounting for more than 61% of the total area of ​​the stand.

Areas with level 5 fire alarm forests are concentrated in: The Melaleuca forest part of U Minh Ha Forestry Company Limited; U Minh Ha National Park; Ca Mau Agricultural Seed Center; The wartime headquarters of the Military Command of Ca Mau province; forest stand in the communes of Nguyen Phich, Khanh An, Khanh Lam, Khanh Thuan … of U Minh district. The most worrying of forest owners is that the heat continues to be fierce, causing water under canals to evaporate faster, and there is a possibility that there will be a shortage of fire fighting water if a big fire occurs in some areas of the forest stand of Ca Mau Melaleuca forest.