Lesson 1: Memorable summer In the summer of 1970, my father and many other soldiers and uncles that I worked with my father at the General Staff Department such as Uncle Vuong Thua Vu – Deputy Chief of Staff; Mr. Vu Lang – Director of the C51 Operations Department; Mr. Phan Binh – Director of C52 Intelligence Department; uncle Phan Hao – Chief of Staff of the High Command of Artillery; Uncle Nguyen Huu An – Senior Master 308 … and his “natural” family also went to work in Sam Son at the same time and were arranged in the same multi-storey motel area of ​​the army that remained after the war. ruin! The summer of 1970 was brilliant and memorable, after 4 years of evacuation from the end of 1965 to the end of 1969 by the US bombarding in the North, for the first time we were happily free on the streets and back to school. Hanoi inside. Headquarters of Road 9 – South Laos B702 during a meeting with General Vo Nguyen Giap in 1971 (document photo) The first time I studied with friends in the South crossed the Truong Son road for thousands of miles to the North was when I was in grade 6 at Xuan Dinh school. Little girls and boys who were about 9-12 years old, or even younger, were children of soldiers and soldiers secretly operating in the enemy area, after the Mau Than General Attack was revealed and was shot and killed and arrested by the enemy. , fierce repression should be brought to the North. They had to walk through the streets of “Liberation”, always being ambushed by the enemy, bombarded from all over the southern provinces to the Socialist Palace (near the North) to get a car, usually it took nearly 2 – 3 months, “bring a backpack with all kinds of things like clothes, hammocks (with curtains and covers), dry food, drinking water, etc … and put on the shoulder about 3 – 5 kg of rice on the shoulder , most of which serve themselves. In total, from 1954 – 1955 to 1975, about 32,000 children in the South were sent to the North, studied at dozens of schools dedicated to Southern students or studied with us like at Xuan Dinh school … In Grade 7 I studied at Trung Vuong school, Ms. Binh was the head teacher. Due to my poor score and bad behavior in 6th grade because I used to fight and was diligent in practicing soccer without doing my homework, I almost got double classes, luckily thanks to my mother also teaching Van and dad to fight. So far, the homeroom teacher sympathized with me to grade 7! For this reason, I was seated by Ms. Binh at the last table, behind the wall and with up to 5 girlfriends sitting in front and around, of which I remember three “Jade rocks” sitting at either end of the table and blocking right in front of the table. face so I can’t play with and get close to any boyfriend during class! I was just at the school of cadet Nguyen Van Troi when I returned to the beginning of 6th grade, so I still wore the uniform even though my pants were too low because I grew too fast for my age, my head wore a border guard and pulled the front cover and two earplugs. dropped down without a rope, covering his face, looking very pitiful! At that time, my father came out of the Central Highlands after more than 2 years of fighting on B3 Field from the 1968 General Attack on Mau Than as Deputy Chief of Staff. The Military Region returned to the position of Director of the C55 Military Training Department as before he left B. My father was very interested in teaching his children, especially because I was the first son, growing up early during the war, so he paid special attention to teaching. I shoot guns, learn martial arts and exercise … At the end of the summer of 1970, my father sent the whole family to work in Sam Son! It is impossible to imagine our happiness because at that time, although the US had stopped bombing the North, the fighting was still raging in the South and across the Indochina battlefields. At the age of 15, Sam Son was beautiful before the war with casuarina forests stretching on the coastal white sand, large fishing rafts grafted with bamboo trees on the shore and chains of fishermen pulling nets every day. tomorrow, the little souvenir rafts with red and blue sails and the small shells that we still scavenge for early in the morning on the sandy shore as we go out to watch the sun rising slowly. golden streaks of light and glittering on the top of the night waves rushing to the shore. That year, the whole family was allowed to ride a round-legged caravan, a bit cramped for a family of 5 but compared to the Sam trip. Son was by train for almost a day from Hanoi to Thanh Hoa via Ham Rong Bridge just before the war, and my younger brothers and I were allowed to go with the Japanese, Huy “batch” and fish i Lan “black” the son of Uncle Hong Cu and Aunt Hanh, who had just got rid of the measles, the person still covered with red itchy pimples was great, much cooler and faster because at that time the train seemed to only run every 10 – 15km / hours! The scene of the North after 5 years of bombing by the US widened before the eager eyes of the teenagers and bold in the memory with the words “Victory” in white stone, standing in the middle of the pine forest on the top of Dragon Mountain. American bomb craters were as big as ponds filled with water on both sides of the road, along with landmarks such as Do Len, Vong Phu rock and Doc Doc temple, the Drowning Woman mountain range … This summer, my father and many other soldiers and uncles that I worked with my father at the General Staff Department like Uncle Vuong Thua Vu – Deputy Chief of Staff; Mr. Vu Lang – Director of the C51 Operations Department; Mr. Phan Binh – Director of C52 Intelligence Department; uncle Phan Hao – Chief of Staff of the High Command of Artillery; Uncle Nguyen Huu An – Senior Master 308 … and his “natural” family also went to work in Sam Son at the same time, arranged in the same multi-storey motel area of ​​the army that remained after the war. ruin! Many rows of buildings and main buildings at the gate of this guest house were completely destroyed by US bombs, green coconut flower beds mixed in sea spinach and casuarina leaves filled the aisles … My family at two gables was also destroyed by American bombs, however the middle staircase and the upper floors were intact, but there were soldiers with guns guarding them. Once, I sneaked over the broken concrete boulders to reach the 2nd floor and immediately encountered Uncle Vu practicing Tai Chi, so I got down, just in time to see a few big rooms where Dad and my uncle, They still meet every day with many large maps on the wall and it seems to be the whole table, but due to the hurry and the room is dark, they cannot see clearly inside. Uncle Vu was very serious, sometimes we chased each other and shouted too loud and he was reminded by him and we were scared of him. Once I saw a few Volga cars with firearms guarding them. At that time, all we knew was that vehicle of Mr. Le Trong Tan – Deputy Chief of Staff; Uncle Vo Chi Cong – Secretary of Zone 5 and Uncle Chu Huy Man-Commander of Military Zone 5 meeting, we also did not pay much attention because we were busy shooting birds, soccer and swimming, we only knew that the father and the Your uncle is discussing military matters only. Sam Son Summer noon at that time was very special, full of sunshine but clear, quiet and distinctly the smell of the sea, like the sound of the wind surfing between the casuarina forest and the roaring waves, sometimes adding a few more crows of crows. melt away forever. It was so special that, decades later, when I returned to Thanh Hoa town, one summer afternoon, standing by the window on the second floor of the Provincial People’s Committee Office Building, I again seemed to see the cool air filled with the flavor of that childhood. flashed by the breeze brought in by the sea and the nostalgia was so strong that I had to visit Sam Son right away with my wish even if only for a minute to be immersed in the childhood space. (There’s more)

From the experience of some successful countries in digital transformation, identifying the characteristics of the 4.0 era, the authors offer a solution to the problem of human resources and talents for Vietnam to successfully convert numbers. LTS: Industrial revolution 4.0 opens a new era of development. There, a country that cares about building human resources, talent that quickly adapts to the times, knows how to use advanced technology and constantly innovates, that country will win in this fierce competition. We have synergistic advantages that not all countries have. Due to historical circumstances, we have a plentiful amount of overseas Vietnamese intellectual resources. Hundreds of thousands of Vietnamese scientists, experts and engineers are in countries with advanced science, many of whom are great experts, famous professors, and excellent engineers in human intelligence. Create is working for major industrial corporations, leading universities and research institutes in the world. Apply advanced data analysis and machine learning to smart fraud management in e-commerce. Photo: idea.gov.vn Another advantage is that currently, we have about 900,000 human resources in the information technology field, there are a large number of engineers in artificial intelligence, data science … The number of engineers in Blockchain and Fintech is on the rise. These viable factors do not turn into power by themselves, but require wise and creative leadership, organization and combination, knowing how to choose and focus resources on priority goals to create. so the synergy brought the country to a breakthrough. Those advantages are only brought into play when we have a contingent of talented, caring and competent national leaders. Challenges for human resources Besides advantages, our human resources have many limitations and weaknesses. Specifically, the number of untrained human resources is too large, accounting for 75% of the workforce, about 45 million people, which is a rather gloomy picture if we do not quickly equip the right skills. The World Economic Forum’s 2018 report assesses that our human resources are not ready for the 4.0 era, ranked 70 out of 100 countries. Also due to the low skill and nature of labor, our people are vulnerable to technological breakthroughs, losing their jobs and being replaced by automation, intelligent robots, and artificial intelligence. The number of 25% trained also has many problems. Vocational training quality ranks 80/100 countries, only higher than Cambodia (92/100), highly skilled human resources are also in the bottom group, ranking 81/100 countries. We are also close to the penultimate of 90 out of 100 countries in technology and innovation, especially the labor productivity is too low, only 7% of Singapore … Not to mention that there will be a large number of talented people. to other countries if we do not have a clear improvement in the working environment and regimes, policies … Furthermore, the manufacturing base is not ready for Industry 4.0, which belongs to the group of the book team, the average score is 4.9 / 10 – below the average, of which the production structure index is 4.96 / 10. ranked 48/100 countries, production motivation index reached 4.93 / 10, ranked 53rd. Two difficult human resources problems In order to bring into play the advantages and to overcome and overcome the challenges, we have to solve 3 very difficult problems at the same time. Firstly, the requirements for developing skilled human resources and talented people who are ready for digital transformation are extremely large, both in quantity and quality, while the education and training system, especially the elite. Study and vocational training are still weak and cannot be overcome overnight. Second, we need to maintain a consistently high GDP growth rate (over 7% / year) to reach the goal of becoming a high-income country by 2045, while the GDP growth momentum tends to slow down. over the 10-year span in the 1991-2018 period as pointed out by economist Tran Dinh Thien. Third, we need to develop and fully exploit advanced technology and constantly innovate, towards an economy based on innovation, increasing productivity, competitiveness and efficiency while The national innovation system is not only weak and stagnant, but also lacks strong enough pressure and motivation, lacks momentum and a favorable environment for development. Thus, we have to clear up growth bottlenecks and create new growth engines, at the same time we have to solve 2 difficult human resources problems to meet the requirements of the digital transformation period. Firstly, quickly equip the right skills for the majority of people to adapt to the digital transformation, and second, build a team of talent transforming core numbers with the spirit of innovation and leadership. the country’s digital transformation journey. Next period: Blocking skill gaps so as not to be dragged into the 4.0 era Dr. Pham Manh Hung – Dr. Bui Khac Linh (Institute of World Economics and Politics)