The phoenix flower tree has the English name Flamboyant, also known as phoenix, oval west, scallop… The phoenix is ​​a red-flowered plant found in tropical or subtropical regions. Phoenix flowers bloom from about late April to June, depending on the region. This flower is native to Madagascar. In addition to its ornamental value, phoenix also acts as a shade tree in tropical conditions. The phoenix tree is quite tall, about 5m to 12m. The phoenix tree has wide spreading foliage and its dense foliage provides shade. The phoenix flower has 5 petals spreading bright red or orange-red, often forming large clusters. In Vietnam, the phoenix tree was introduced and planted by the French in the late 19th century in big cities such as Hai Phong, Hanoi, Da Nang, and Saigon. Even Hai Phong is also known as the “City of red phoenix flowers”. In Hanoi, the phoenix tree is grown quite popularly. They are planted on sidewalks, parks, schools. When the phoenix flowers begin to bloom, it is also the time to signal exam season, summer, and school release season. That’s why, the first sentence of the song Phuong Hong: Carts full of phoenix flowers, where is my summer baby going… has been deeply imprinted in the hearts of many young people. The phoenix flower rose strongly in the terrible heat of Hanoi. Along the rivers, lakes and both sides of the capital’s roads are now tinged with brilliant red. The phoenix trees on the street produce bright red flowers, combined with the purple color of the mausoleum, the yellow color of the scalloped flowers, creating the summer colors of Hanoi. All of them light up in many generations of Hanoians the fire of love every time they look at those bright colors.

This is also known as the “island law”, which is an ecological geographic law in evolutionary biology. In general, among animals that migrate from land to island, large animals tend to be smaller, and small animals tend to get bigger – this is called giantism. Island gigantism. For example, an extinct species of giant hutias in the Western Indian Ocean Islands is the largest known rodent. Its weight can reach a staggering level (about 200 kg), equivalent to that of an American black bear. Another famous example is the Dodo bird on the island of Mauritius. Due to the fact that the island’s environment is devoid of predators, they have also grown to form large and flightless. In contrast to island giantism, a condition where body size becomes smaller after immigration to an island is called Insular dwarfism. The most typical example is the dwarf elephant found many times on islands around the world. Elephants have always been known to be the largest terrestrial stump, but some dwarf elephants can only reach the size of a pig. Those who have read Odyssey will be impressed by Cyclops. According to speculation, the Cyclops prototype was a dwarf elephant. 2000 years ago, the Greeks probably excavated the remains of a dwarf elephant on an island near the Mediterranean Sea. Its skull size was almost twice that of a human skull. Perhaps it was because they had never seen an elephant, so the Greeks imagined it as the skull of a one-eyed giant, and related rumors and myths were born from this. Animal species that also dwarfed the island environment also included species such as dwarf mammoths, small hippos and Florida island deer, all of which were one size smaller than their terrestrial counterpart. Among them, the most extreme dwarf island fauna is the mini chameleon (Brookesia micra) of Hara Island in northeastern Madagascar, Africa. It is the smallest chameleon known to mankind, the largest one measuring no more than 3 cm. It is worth noting that this dwarfism does not only occur in ordinary animals. Even we humans cannot escape the law of the island. The pop culture dwarves are not unfounded, the “hobbits” are real. Flores island in Indonesia has an area of ​​only 14,000 square kilometers, but on this small island there used to be a small group of people who used to live. They are also “cursed” by dwarfism and this affects their stature. According to estimates from nine known fossils, this ancient human was only 1 to 1.2 meters tall and weighed about 25 kg. As we all know, the average 6-year-old modern person’s average height is more than 1.1 meters tall. This inevitably reminds people of the hobbits in “The Lord of the Rings”, so the ancient people on Flores were also known as “hobbits”. From a taxonomic point of view, the Flores belong to the same genus as us. Hence, they are also the smallest known human species. The ancestor of the Flores was Homo erectus. About 200,000 years ago or earlier, they moved on to Flores Island. Compared to the mainland, the island’s resources were very limited and the Homo erectus people were often hungry due to lack of food. If the people are short, there is a better chance of survival because they need to eat less. As a result, the dwarf gene is passed from generation to generation, and eventually develops into Floresians. Biological evolution has shown more than once that some strange things will happen on the islands. And from the changes in body shape of the other animals on Flores Island, you can feel the power of the law of the island. At that time, on the island there was a species of elephant named Stegodon florensis, only 1.5m high and weighing no more than 800kg. Their land-based compatriot is the elephant Stegodon zdanskyi. They are stronger and more powerful than modern African elephants, this species is about 3.8 meters tall and weighs 12 tons. But not all of the animals on this island have been reduced to the same size as the Flores and the Stegodon florensis, in fact, the small terrestrial animals that migrate here will achieve a Giant size beyond imagination. The most typical example is the Flores Giant Rat, since without natural predators, they are not even afraid of humans. Of course, this giant rat does not threaten the survival of the Flores Island biological population. Except for some insects, the giant rat Flores is mostly vegetarian. It can be said that biological evolution on the islands took place in a very strange way. Therefore, scientists always think of the first word “island” when discovering creatures with anomalous body shape. So what is the factor that causes the animals on the island to change their body shape? For many years, scientists have always wanted to summarize the general nature of the rules on the island, and try to solve that mystery. The first person to try to explain this phenomenon was a biologist named J. Bristol Foster. Therefore, this ecological geophysical law is also known as “Ford’s Law”. In 1964, his dissertation compared 116 island species with terrestrial species and plotted them in a table. In an article titled “Mammal Evolution on Islands,” Foster said that among the new “inhabitants” of the island, rodents tend to grow larger. Predators and ungulates will tend to be dwarfed. In general, large terrestrial species will be smaller and smaller land species larger on islands. In this regard, Foster also provided some tentative explanations. The number of species on the islands is much less than on the mainland, and the number of predators and competitors will decrease accordingly. This seems to be an advantage for small rodents. Because they do not have a predator, they always have a sufficient source of food and can control their fertility rate well. But hippos, deer and other large animals cannot do this. A lack of predators would also mean an overabundance and a shortage of food. Consequently, the smaller members of the population will have a higher survival rate and begin to affect the entire population. They grow from generation to generation and their sizes are getting smaller and smaller. Foster’s paper is simple, but at the time it aroused strong interest in the scientific community. Thereafter, more extensive research was conducted on the island’s organisms, and the island law was a little more refined. In fact, large organisms have more food choices and more easily control other species. Small organisms, on the other hand, require fewer resources, shorter reproductive cycles, and adapt faster. Therefore, in the island ecological environment, where every aspect is limited, these factors are very important and have special effects. Subsequent studies also found that the speed at which the island’s animals change body shape was indeed staggering. 24 km from the French coast, there is an island named Jersey. About 6000 years ago, the deer came here and completely isolated from the mainland. As a result, in this short time of thousands of years, the red deer on the island has shrunk by 1/6 of that of the people on the mainland. Fossil records show that it only took 5,000 years to dwarf a population of elephants from 4 meters in height to about 1 meter. However, it should be noted that the island laws are only a general model of evolution, not absolute law. The environment on an island includes many different factors, such as the size of the island, climate, natural history, habitat, biological relationships, etc.These factors will also affect the size of the island. animals on the island to a certain extent.

Chamomile: Chamomile plants are great for purifying indoor air. This beautiful flower plant helps to purify ammonia and other toxic gases in the air. However, you should take care to keep out of reach of children and pets, as chamomile can cause poisoning if ingested. Red Banyan Tree: The red banyan tree, an evergreen variety native to India, is excellent in removing toxic gases such as formaldehyde or carbon monoxide from the air. This plant also helps your home or office have a pleasant scent. Bodhi tree: The almond tree, or spider tree, is also an indoor plant with excellent air purification. The advantage of this plant is that they are easy to take care of and do not cause poisoning, so you can place them anywhere in the house. Ivy: The ivy just helps to add cool green to the indoor space, while also helping to remove harmful gases. This plant can live both outdoors and in no sunlight. Fern: The fern not only helps to purify harmful substances such as formaldehyde from the air, but also acts as a humidifier thanks to its rapid evaporation rate. Gerbera trees: Gerbera trees from South Africa are the ideal ornamental plants to place indoors if you want to both purify the air and adorn the house with colorful colors. Madagascar Hemorrhoid: The Madagascar Hemorrhagic Tree, or dragon tree, is a suitable ornamental plant located in the sun and high humidity. This plant will help keep the air in your home fresh and clean. Rhizophora: Rhizophora is a small bonsai, you can completely put them on your desk or indoor drinking table to purify the air. Royal orchid: Royal orchid not only adds elegant beauty to your home, but also helps remove all pollutants from your home atmosphere. Queen betel nut tree: The betel nut tree king has both great cleaning effects and beautifies your home space with bright green and crimson colors. Aloe vera: Aloe vera: In addition to its health and beauty benefits, it also removes benzene, formaldehyde and detergent byproducts from the air in your home. Tiger’s Tongue: Tiger’s tongue helps remove harmful gases such as benzene, formaldehyde, trichlorethylene, xylene, and toluene from your home space. Guanyin is a bonsai that is suitable for direct sunlight. This indoor bonsai helps to purify the air from harmful gases such as ammonia, carbon dioxide, formaldehyde and xylene. Seedlings: Plant that removes formaldehyde, xylene, and toluene from the air. However, you should be careful to keep the plant out of the reach of domestic pets, as this can cause poisoning for pets. Endowed Tree: A rich tree is an easy-to-care ornamental plant, which helps remove toxic gases and dust from the air, and increases indoor air humidity.

Tsingy de Bemaraha Nature Reserve, Madagascar, with sharp limestone peaks about 200 million years old For example, the landscape on the moon, this place is also a famous star-viewing spot Located at an average altitude of 1,000 – 1,600m above sea level, the Dong Van rocky plateau spans four districts of Quan Ba, Yen Minh, Meo Vac and Dong Van of Ha Giang province (Vietnam). In addition to the Dong Van rocky plateau, Cao Bang non-national geopark and Dak Nong geopark are global geological parks with impressive natural beauty recognized by UNESCO. Zabriskie Point, Death Valley National Park (USA), this land was formed by Lake Furnace Creek dry 5 million years ago. Formed about 30 million years, Pancake Rocks (New Zealand) is an eroded limestone area with vertical rocky pillars, when the tide rises, the water hits the rock creating a geyser effect. Purnululu National Park (Australia) with a maze of unique sandstone domes Vale da Lua (Brazil) is located near Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, the smooth stone surfaces created by the ancient river, sand and lava make it unlike any other place on earth. Dinosaur Park (Canada), impressive red-striped rocky mountains look like the setting in science fiction film. This place is full of dinosaur fossils, more than 150 complete dinosaur skeletons have been unearthed here

According to the IPBES report in 2019, about 75% of the land area and 66% of the sea area on Earth has been “significantly changed” by humans. Livestock and farming are using more than 33% of the land and 75% of the fresh water. Agricultural activities are one of the main causes of greenhouse gas emissions, due to the use of fertilizers and deforestation for aquaculture. Plants and animals are also threatened by overharvesting and hunting; Climate Change; pollution and the spread of alien species. About a million species of plants and animals are facing extinction. Without strong measures, endemic landscapes and ecosystems on Earth will soon disappear forever Avenue of the baobab (Madagascar) Bao Bap Boulevard is the name of a group of old trees located along the dirt road connecting Morondava and Belon’i Tsiribihina, in the Menabe region in western Madagascar. Its magnificent scenery attracts visitors from all over the world, making it one of the most popular in the region. Faced with climate change and human farming activities, the fate of these baobab trees is increasingly threatened. At present, many efforts to preserve this place have been made, in the hope of preserving this fairy-tale avenue. Image: Economic Times. Yew Lake Caddo (Texas / Louisiana, USA) The 25,400-hectare Caddo Lake-Swamp, located on the border between Texas and Louisiana, is famous for its submerged conifer forest. Hundred-year old moss-covered larch trees lie on the water’s surface, setting the scene in Tolkien’s novels. Threatened by global warming and alien organisms, the growth rate of yew here has decreased rapidly. This is a protected wetland on an international level. Currently, visitors can explore this place by kayak. Image: Itookapic. Amazon Forest (South America) The Amazon forest stretches across many South American countries and is the largest tropical rainforest in the world, famous for its biodiversity. There are thousands of rivers here, creating an ecological environment for the rich flora and fauna, as well as providing a source of life for people. However, the increasing rate of deforestation and the global climate change have caused the forest area to shrink rapidly. With this momentum, according to a study published in Nature Communications, Amazon forests could turn into deserts within 50 years after their ecosystems reach the point of collapse. Image: Scoop. Dead Sea (Israel and Jordan) As the lowest inland area of ​​sea level, Dead Sea water has an average salinity of up to 35%, 10 times higher than normal seawater, making people float on the water and contain many minerals therapy. Experts believe that this water area will completely disappear in the next 50 years. Over the past four decades, the area of ​​the Dead Sea has shrunk by one third, and the water level has receded more than 24 meters, averaging 30 centimeters per year. The main reason is that the Jordan River – the main water source of the Dead Sea – is increasingly used by Jordan, Syria and Israel for domestic and agricultural purposes. This area is under additional pressure from cosmetic factories exploiting raw materials. Image: Walk My World. Great Barrier Reef (Australia) Australia’s huge coral ecosystem is about the size of Japan, with more than 2,900 separate coral reefs and 900 islands spread across an area of ​​344,400 square kilometers. However, scientists believe that by 2030, this place will disappear. The Australian Foundation says warming seawater, combined with water with a higher acidity, can kill 97% of the corals in the Great Barrier. Image: CNTraveler. Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) Located 1,000km inland, this is home to many endemic plant and animal species. Charles Darwin arrived here in 1835. Observations of species at the Galápagos inspired his later theory of evolution. However, the ecosystem here is threatened by overfishing as well as the warming of the sea water. Coral reefs are dying, and native animals are threatened by tourism. Image: Lonely Planet. Congo Basin (Africa) The Congo Basin spans the territory of 6 African countries, and is the second largest rainforest in the world, only after the Amazon. This place has about 10,000 species of tropical plants, 30% of which are endemic, along with many rare wild animals such as wild elephants, gorillas, chimpanzees … This is also inhabited by humans. for more than 50,000 years, it has provided food, water and shelter to more than 80 million people. Every year, two million hectares of forests in the Congo basin are destroyed, due to illegal logging, cultivation, mining, war … If conservation efforts are not accelerated, Scientists estimate that by 2040, about two-thirds of the forest will disappear. Image: Profor. Alaska Territory (Alaska, USA) The vast ice that covers the western and northern coasts of Alaska are the coldest biomes in the world. However, in recent years, the northern part of Alaska has seen a dramatic rise in temperature – faster than the global average, which has resulted in the melting of permafrost. Catastrophic fires also occurred, making the environment more fragile. The increasing rate of coastal erosion also has a direct effect on polar bears and their prey. Patagonian ice area (Argentina) As the largest subarctic ice in the southern hemisphere, the Patagonian ice sheet consists of three main zones: North, South and Cordillera Darwin. In total, they hold up to 5,500 gigatons of ice, enough to raise global sea levels 15 millimeters if all they melted. Its beautiful scenery has long been a world-famous tourist destination, for nature enthusiasts. However, the glaciers of Patagonia are thinning at an average rate of 1.8 m / year due to climate change and human impacts. Only three of them have expanded in recent years, but the rest – 90% – is shrinking. Image: Pexels.

Polar bear, one of the animals facing extinction due to the impact of climate change (Artwork: kinhtemoitruong.vn)

Climate change, if left unchecked, could destroy natural treasures in “biodiversity hotspots” around the world, scientists warn.

A global team of scientists has analyzed nearly 300 biodiversity hotspots on land and at sea. These are locations with a particularly high concentration of plant and animal species. Many of these hotspots include ‘endemic’ species, inhabiting only a single geographical location, such as an island or a country.

They found that if the planet heats above 3 ° C, one-third of the endemic species that live on land and about half of the endemic species living in the sea will face extinction. In mountainous regions, 84% of endemic animals and plants face extinction at these temperatures, while on islands it reaches 100%. Overall, 92% of terrestrial endemic and 95% marine endemic species face negative consequences at a 3 ° C increase, such as a reduction in numbers. Current policies are moving the world in this direction of about 3 ° C warming.

Among endemic species, there are some of the world’s most iconic animals and plants. Endemic species threatened by climate change include all lemurs that only exist in Madagascar; the blue crane – which is the national bird of South Africa; and the snow leopard, one of the most unique animals of the Himalayas.

Research shows that compared to widely available species, endemic species are 2.7 times more likely to become extinct if the temperature rise is not controlled. Since they are only found in a certain place, and if climate change changes their separate habitats, these species will inevitably disappear from the Earth’s surface. If greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase, places like the Caribbean islands, Madagascar and Sri Lanka may see most of their endemic plant species go extinct as soon as 2050. The tropics It is particularly vulnerable, with more than 60% of tropical endemic species facing extinction under the effects of climate change alone.

But everything is not necessarily over. If countries cut their emissions in line with the Paris Agreement then most of these endemic species will persist. In total, 2% of endemic soil species and 2% of endemic marine species face extinction if the temperature rises to 1.5ºC, and 4% at 2ºC. Strong commitments from global leaders ahead of the Glasgow climate change summit later this year could put the world on track to meet the Paris Agreement, and avoid the risk of treasures. The world’s most precious nature was destroyed on a large scale.

“Climate change threatens areas that are so rich in unique species of organisms,” said Stella Manes, study lead author and researcher at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Found anywhere else in the world. The risk of permanently disappearing these species will increase more than 10 times if we miss out on the goals of the Paris Agreement. Biodiversity has more value than just seeing. The higher the species diversity, the better the health of nature, while also protecting against threats such as climate change. Healthy nature will provide indispensable sources of life for humans, such as water, food and materials, protect us from natural disasters, provide value for recreational relaxation and cultural connectivity, and morale.”

“Our research shows that a one-color and possibly very boring world awaits them,” said Wolfgang Kiessling, a marine expert from Friedrich-Alexander Erlangen- Nürnberg University and author of the study. We are ahead due to climate change. Organisms will benefit, while native species that contribute to the distinctive look of hot spots will disappear. ”

“This study found that species are geographically rare, especially those that live,” said Mark Costello, a marine expert from the University of Nord and the University of Auckland and author of the study. on islands and mountains, which are already in danger of extinction due to current climate change, these species cannot easily migrate to more favorable environments by their natural characteristics. that 20% of all species will be threatened with extinction by climate change in the coming decades, unless we act now. ”

According to Shobha S. Maharaj, an island expert from the Caribbean Journal of Environmental Science and Renewable Energy, and author of the study: “This study shows the relative risk of extinction due to climate change. with rare species living in the island area, it is 8 times higher than that in the mainland. The geographic rarity of these species makes them of global value to nature. Such species cannot easily migrate to more favorable environments and their end to extinction could lead to a global decline in disproportionate species.

Madagascar – An island nation off the coast of East Africa, Madagascar has a coastline of 4,828 km.

Spain, Not only is it one of the countries with unique cultures in Southern Europe, Spain is proud to be the country with the sunniest hours in Europe, the climate is mild, and bustling year round with festivals Traditionally imbued with identity, this country is also the owner of many beautiful beaches. The country has a coastline of 4,964 km.

Iceland – Known as a charming tourist destination with majestic waterfalls, ice, rocks, volcanoes and snow, especially with a coastline of 4,970 km.

Argentina – Argentina’s coastline is 4,989 km long. Cities along the coast include Mar del Plata and Puerto Madryn.

Papua New Guinea- This mysterious country covers an area of ​​nearly 463,000 square kilometers with about 600 islands, large and small, with the only land border with Indonesia. Papua New Guinea has a coastline of 5,152 km.

Turkey There are beautiful beaches with a coastline of 7,200 km.

Denmark – This country has a coastline of 7,314 km. Beach vacations are still an important part of Danish culture.

Brazil – there are many famous seaside cities, like Rio de Janeiro. The total length of the coastline of the country is 7,491 km.

India – India’s coastline is longer than 7,516 km. The country has many beautiful beaches, like Fort Bekal beach and Mumbai beach.

Italy- adorned with stunning coastal cities and towns, like Amalfi and Positano. Italy has a coastline longer than 7,782 km.

Mexico – This country is famous for its beautiful beaches, is a destination that attracts many tourists. Mexico has a coastline of 9,330 km.

UK has a coastline of 12,429 km long.

Greek – This country is not only known for its history, culture, religion, traditions, food, churches, architecture, but it is also known as a beautiful country with natural beaches. seems to be an attractive destination for travel in the summer. Greece has 13,676 km long coastline.

New Zealand With a coastline of 15,134 km, New Zealand is famous for many beautiful beaches, rainforests and majestic mountains.

USA – There are 19,924 km of coastline, with seaside cities such as New York, Los Angeles and Miami.

Australia – 25,760 km of coastline with many coastal cities.

Philippines There are more than 7,600 islands in the Pacific Ocean, the country has a coastline of more than 36,000 km.

Russia – The largest country in the world also has a coastline of over 37,000 km.

Greenland – Autonomous territory of Denmark, is the largest island in the world located in the arctic climate. Greenland has a coastline of over 44,000 km.

Indonesia – As one of the 3 countries with the longest coastline in the world. The country has a coastline stretching over 54,000 km.

Norway – Norway’s coast is extremely diverse and winding with many fjords and many small islands along the coast with a length of 58,000 km.

Canada owns the longest coastline in the world with a length of more than 202,000 km. Adjacent to 3 oceans, Canada has beautiful beaches, famous for tourists such as Greenwich, Kluane, Manitou.

According to Stars Insider