For the past four billion years, life on Earth has been endless. But now on Earth there are only nearly 10 million species of creatures, this number is only 1% of the total number of species that have ever lived on Earth, the remaining 99% has disappeared in the long river of the Earth. Although our planet is a vibrant planet, it is very difficult for any living species to survive long on Earth. Over time, the Earth’s climate will continue to change and some ancient species have been unable to adapt to this change, leading to extinction. In addition, life on Earth could also be threatened by deadly threats from space. For example, a gamma-ray burst from a supernova could destroy Earth’s atmosphere and cause deadly cosmic radiation to reach our planet’s surface. Most life on Earth wouldn’t be able to withstand this. 450 million years ago a supernova caused the first mass extinction of the space threat on Earth. On the other hand, the impact of a giant asteroid falling to Earth will also cause drastic changes in climate, disrupt the food chain and cause mass death for life on Earth. The fifth mass extinction 65 million years ago was probably also caused by an asteroid collision. In addition to the threat from space, on Earth there may be superbugs that humans can’t fight off. Humanity also possesses nuclear weapons capable of destroying all life on Earth. Although humanity has enough intelligence to create such a powerful weapon, it is not known if humanity is intelligent enough to not use nuclear bombs on a large scale. And also for various reasons, Hawking believes that in order to continue to exist, humanity must expand its habitat into space in the future. Only by taking precautions and leaving Earth before disaster strikes and colonizing other planets can humans better cope with unknown disasters. So which planets should humans migrate to? Is there a “Second Earth” in the universe? Proxima b’s host star is Proxima Centauri – part of a trio of strange stars that scientists are still studying. The other two stars are binary – meaning they orbit the same center of gravity and are collectively known as Alpha Centauri. Although this “Second Earth” has similar properties to the Earth – where we live, Proxima b is still a mysterious and alien world. In the solar system, although life can exist on some satellites, but apart from Earth, there are no planets suitable for human existence. To achieve the goal of space colonization, we can only look beyond the extent of the familiar solar system. Current statistics show that almost every solar system has planets, and there are hundreds of billions of stars in the Milky Way, so there should be multiple targets to choose from. People need to choose rocky planets that are in the habitable zone, because only when the distance between the planet and the sun is neither too close nor too far can liquid water exist on its surface. Proxima b exists right in the middle of the habitable zone of stars, where water could theoretically exist in liquid form. Compared to our sun, Proxima Centauri’s habitable zone is very close to its host star. Scientists once believed that red dwarf stars like Proxima could not exist on habitable planets that were orbiting so close. But now, scientists think red dwarfs might be the best place to look for other habitable planets. And recently, astronomers discovered that Proxima Centauri, the closest star to our solar system, has a planet called Proxima Centauri b. This planet is a rocky planet the size of Earth and it is also in a habitable zone. Although Proxima b is the closest exoplanet to the solar system at a distance of only 4.2 light-years, humans are currently not capable of flying to this planet. Even with today’s fastest spacecraft, if we want to set foot there, it will take us tens of thousands of years to fly to Proxima b. However, humanity has never backed down from difficulties, we have been able to cross the ocean, as well as cross the distant interstellar space to reach the strange world, so it is very possible in the future , people will set foot here.

The book “Fantasy of Artificial Intelligence. However, with AI’s capabilities are fantasies and fears for the future of humanity. The real danger is not that computers are smarter than humans, but that people think computers are smarter than they are, and therefore trust the computers to make important decisions for them, because computers are perfect. They can all make serious mistakes, when the way they process data is not the way humans think. In order to explain thoroughly, debunk misunderstandings, and dispel illusions, author Gary Smith – Professor of Pomona College, USA wrote the book “Fantasy about artificial intelligence”. The book is divided into 12 chapters, including many real-life examples from history such as the 2008 US presidential election, IBM’s AI Watson and many other famous artificial intelligence projects with the aim of clarifying how intelligence works. Artificial intelligence processes information, gives the final result and shows the difference between AI (Artificial Intelligence) and the human brain, thereby showing readers the risks of over-trusting. computer results. In the first 4 chapters, the author has taken a lot of real-life examples to explain in an easy way how artificial intelligence works and how they give the end result. The author claims that robots have surpassed humans in repetitive monotonous tasks, they have better memory, perform more accurate calculations and are tireless. But artificial intelligence is not programmed to simulate the human brain, and artificial intelligence cannot think, reason, and make analogies. Since then, the author asserts that up to now computers with comprehensive intelligence enough to compete with humans have not yet existed. In the next two chapters, by referring to “Data Mining”, it is proven fact that Data mining although there will sometimes be a real knowledge discovery, given the number of explanatory variables The larger the consideration, the more likely it is that a relationship discovered is just a coincidence, of a temporary nature. In the remaining chapters of the book, the author has introduced many computational models in many fields such as finance, politics, economics… to prove that statistical evidence is not enough to distinguish between knowledge real and fake. The computer cannot accurately judge whether the correlation is random or truly significant. That work is only for the human mind. In conclusion, human intelligence works differently from artificial intelligence, so it cannot be said that artificial intelligence is intelligent. Robots excel in memory, accuracy, and endurance, but they still have many shortcomings: they can’t think, can’t make analogies, and can’t distinguish between good-bad, meaningless-meaning data. Humans need computers to process large amounts of information, but also need human intelligence to make final judgments about the results returned by computers. About the author, Gary Smith has been involved in many research projects that highlight the questionable use of data in statistical analysis. He has published 8 textbooks, 7 business books, nearly 100 academic articles and 7 software programs in economics, finance and statistics. In addition to teaching at Pomona College, he is also an economic analyst and consultant. His other well-known books such as “Standard deviation: Flawed assumptions” and “Tortured Data” also warn about the dangers of confusing correlations. and causality in statistical analysis.

Up to now, the theory of relativity has become a classic theory. Many people think that Einstein’s brain development has reached the highest level, so he came up with these great theories. The famous theory of relativity The theory of relativity includes general relativity and special relativity. Special relativity has been applied by mankind with the famous formula E=mc2. Meanwhile, general relativity is related to the theory of the curvature of space and time, leading to the idea of ​​a hyperspace, time, connection between locations in the universe, or between two parallel universes – that is the way for people of the future to return to the past that readers are very familiar with in the “magic door” of Doraemon (popular fantasy comic book series). Description of gravitational waves created by a pair of stars (Image: Internet) With the continuous development of science and technology, many of Einstein’s theories have been confirmed. In 2016, scientists found gravitational waves proposed by Einstein. The finding of gravitational waves is believed to be the key to solving a series of questions about how the universe works. Einstein believed that the hyperspace tunnel was a medium based on two space-time. As long as we find the hyperspace tunnel (also known as the “wormhole”), we can complete the time travel shuttle. Traveling from one time and space to another can break the limits of distance and travel to distant planets. Simulation of hyperspace tunnel (Image: Internet) Unfortunately, scientists have yet to find the so-called hyperspace tunnel. We have discovered many habitable planets in the universe, but they are all too far away and the nearest ones are hundreds of light-years away. Time travel – advantages and disadvantages However, some scientists believe that time travel goes against the laws of the universe. Time travel seems to be a very practical tool that can realize human desires. And if we have the technology to travel through time and space, then we can make up for the mistakes we’ve made. But in fact, this advantage can also become a disadvantage, because knowing that the mistakes of the past can be corrected by people in the future, people in the present stage often do not work carefully. , which is harmful to the entire human civilization. (“Grandfather’s paradox” is said to be the theoretical basis for proving that it is impossible to travel to the past. If a person goes back to the past and kills his grandfather, that person will not be born, and there will be nobody back in time to kill the grandfather). Another point to consider is that if a time-traveling space shuttle does indeed exist, it could also be used by other “extraterrestrial life”. By then, if our technology is not as advanced as the other, then human civilization is likely to be destroyed. Simulating a super space tunnel from Earth to another planet (Image: Internet) Moreover, if humans abuse the hyperspace tunnel, it will lead to chaos in time and space. Time and space are like a tunnel, if thousands of people enter the tunnel, some will want to go forward and some will want to go back. Different paths will cause bottlenecks and each outcome will affect future growth. Therefore, it can be said that, whether the space tunnel or Doraemon’s “miracle door” really exists or not, we should still try to cherish the present and live well in the present. Future generations will certainly benefit as well.

Fantasy of artificial intelligence has just been released in Vietnam. (Source: Nha Nam) The book also gives the final result and points out the difference between AI (Artificial Intelligence) and the human brain, thereby showing readers the risks of over-reliance on machine results. count. In the first four chapters, the author has used a lot of real-life examples to explain in an easy way how artificial intelligence works and how they produce the end result. The author claims that robots have surpassed humans in repetitive monotonous tasks, they have better memory, perform more accurate calculations and are tireless. But artificial intelligence is not programmed to simulate the human brain, and artificial intelligence cannot think, reason, and reason. Since then, the author asserts, until now, computers with comprehensive intelligence enough to compete with humans have not yet existed. In the next two chapters, by referring to “Data Mining”, it is proven fact that data mining even though sometimes there will be a real knowledge discovery. The larger the number of explanatory variables considered, the more likely it is that a relationship discovered is just a coincidence, of temporary nature. In the remaining chapters of the book, the author has given many computational models in many fields such as finance, politics, economics… to prove that statistical evidence is not enough to distinguish between knowledge real and false consciousness. The computer cannot accurately judge whether the correlation is random or truly significant. That work is only for the human mind. Computers smarter than humans? It can be said that artificial intelligence (AI) is one of the most interested keywords. Now, thanks to AI, we can do things that were never possible before and never thought we could do. However, with AI’s undisputed capabilities are fantasies and fears for the future of humanity. The real danger is not that the computer is smarter than us, but that we think the computer is smarter than us and therefore trust the computer to make important decisions for us. Meanwhile, computers can completely make serious mistakes, when the way they process data is not the same as the way humans think. In conclusion, human intelligence works differently from artificial intelligence, so it cannot be said that artificial intelligence is intelligent. Robots excel in memory, accuracy, and endurance, but they still have many shortcomings: they can’t think, can’t make analogies, and can’t distinguish between good-bad, meaningless-meaningful data. Humans need computers to process large amounts of information, but also need human intelligence to make final judgments about the results returned by computers. Gary Smith is a Professor at Pomona College, USA. He is involved in numerous research projects that highlight the questionable use of data in statistical analysis. He is the author of 8 textbooks, 7 business books, nearly 100 academic articles, and 7 software programs in economics, finance, and statistics. In addition to teaching at Pomona College, he is also an economic analyst and consultant. His other famous books such as Standard Deviation: Flawed Assumptions and Tortured Data also warn about the dangers of confusing correlation and causation in statistical analysis.

There are volcanic rocks billowing with steam, a barren stony beach with diamond-like waves glistening in the sun, lichen-covered slopes and waterfalls flowing from steep cliffs. The beautiful ladies of Saint Laurent appeared, seemingly ready for an exciting adventure at this year’s Fall-Winter runway. Video – Saint Laurent launches Fall Winter 2021 collection With a bold idea of ​​how humanity should deal with the world situation, Anthony Vaccarello delivers an eerie runway where Saint Laurent muses challenge nature. “When imagining this collection, I thought of the places mentioned above, like in a movie. The idea is that we put a girl in a landscape where she doesn’t belong. A place that showcases the strong nature of people, where they are as fragile as ephemeral,” Vaccarello said of his latest collection. Lady Saint Laurent performing on wild terrain. Regardless of their surroundings, the sexy ladies of Saint Laurent appeared in deep cut dresses. They appear to be not fragile and weak, but on the contrary, they are defiant and steadfast in the face of the harsh and majestic nature next to them. Anthony Vaccarello’s idea was to take the 60’s look and combine the cobalt blue, mint, turquoise, platinum, gold and purple of the 80s. Anthony Vaccarello combines cobalt blue, mint, turquoise, platinum, gold and purple tones in the new collection. Metallic details are also returning at the same time as honoring the Disco era, from layered necklaces, belts, long sparkling earrings to a stylized flower necklace. The turtleneck leather boots also return to this year’s Fall-Winter Collection with warm fur, and at the same time reminiscent of America’s golden decade when fur was considered a symbol of luxury and class. Stylish shoes with high, pointed metal heels also came back as if to defy all prejudices, making model Mica Arganaraz – who soon became famous. Vogue hailed as a new symbol – become the goddess by the cliff. Metal details become the highlight of the collection. “I want Saint Laurent to be lighter, more cheerful, not just messy bar parties. Life isn’t as transparent as if you’d wear black and pajamas on bad days, then put on a fancy dress when things are all right again. It’s good that we can still smile about life”, Anthony Vaccarello shared about the collection, also his confided about the world situation at the moment. In Vietnam, products of the Saint Laurent brand are being distributed by Tam Son International Company with an international standard shopping space in Ho Chi Minh City. Saint Laurent HCMC Address: 1st floor, Union Square, 171 Dong Khoi, District 1. Opening hours: 9am – 9.30pm. Hotline: 02838224368 | Email: saintlaurent.hcm@tamsonfashion.com.

ASI can think, learn, judge, and act holistically, autonomously by learning large-scale data based on computing infrastructure capable of high-volume computation. AI can be classified based on its intelligence level, including 3 types: Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI) and Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) ) and Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI). With the exception of ANI which is popular now, AGI and ASI are both superior AIs and currently in research stage. One of the important steps forward is when AI reaches ASI level, making it possible to create new algorithms for extremely fast computing. It can aggregate from big data sources, making ASI quickly surpass humans to reach supernatural levels. Up to now, there have been leading giants in the world that are investing heavily in AI technology in general and ASI in particular, such as Google, Facebook, Amazon, IBM, Microsoft… Illustration of super artificial intelligence ASI Accordingly, Google acquired the AI ​​startup DeepMind to become Google DeepMind and implemented an AI project for the London subway system (UK). Google also put its free TensorFlow machine learning system to work using voice recognition, image recognition, translation technology, and mimicking the workings of the human brain. Facebook also uses AI technology to help visually impaired people “see” photos through an iOS app, creating detailed maps of the population, global Internet users, and studying user behavior; facial recognition of people in photos posted on social networks… IBM’s famous Watson computer is capable of answering questions in natural language, using AI to analyze the context and meaning behind photos, videos, messages and dialogue. IBM is working on upgrading Watson to 1.7 times stronger and the application for the lesson machine based on the provided material. The AI ​​Research Institute of LG Group recently announced in an online chat that it will invest more than 100 million USD over the next 3 years to develop a mainframe infrastructure that can handle a large amount of data. large data quickly. Specifically, the aforementioned AI institute plans to build a global Top 3 AI computing infrastructure that can process calculations 95.7 million billion times per second. In the second half of 2021, LG will announce an ASI called GPT-3 with 600 billion parameters. GPT-3 can communicate as naturally as humans and write essays and novels. LG’s AI Research Institute is planning to develop super-large ASI with trillions of parameters in the first half of 2022. According to market research site ResearchAndMarkets.com, AI is now appearing in many areas, from data management to retail shopping. In the long term, the solutions involve many types of AI and ASI as well as integration across other areas such as Internet of Things (IoT) and data analytics. Worried about ASI losing control According to researchers, along with great human achievements in AI technology to help shape the world in a better way, AI also brings growing concern that at some point, machines will machines will control humans, making humans dependent on the decisions of machines when they reach AGI and ASI levels. Physicist Stephen Hawking in 2017 hypothesized just before his death: “Unless we learn to prepare for and avoid potential risks, AI could be the worst event in the world. history of our civilization. It brings dangers, like powerful autonomous weapons or new ways for the few to dominate the majority. It could bring major disruption to our economy.” Although the physicist Hawking did not specify when the AI ​​could pose such a hazard, it will almost certainly happen after the point when it reaches the level of ASI. Some people believe that ASI may appear at some point in the not-too-distant future and could lead to disaster for humanity, possibly even extinction. The concept of intelligent machines taking over the world, or variations thereof, has made its way to the silver screen many times through blockbusters such as The Terminator or The Matrix, both of which envision an apocalyptic scenario. caused by machines that surpass human intelligence. Physicist Hawking isn’t the only influential person to warn of AI being a global catastrophe. Tesla and SpaceX boss Elon Musk has predicted similarly dire consequences, arguing that AI is potentially more dangerous than nuclear warheads, and has frequently called for more regulatory oversight of development. development of AI. Oxford University professor Nick Bostrom, author of Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies (ASI: Paths, Dangers, Strategies) discusses the multitude of situations where machine superiority could threaten humanity. . The book focuses on the period when AI achieved an intellectual explosion. Professor Bostrom also claims that a badly designed ASI system is hard to fix. “Once the unfriendly ASI machine exists, it prevents humans from replacing or changing its preferences and it determines our fate,” Professor Bostrom said. However, not all forecasts are pessimistic. Some would like to emphasize at this stage, there is no evidence that robots using ASI are about to wipe out humanity. The AI ​​research department of Stanford University, USA said that the scary visions according to which AI will dominate humanity in the future only appear from movies and novels, as well as in imagination. In fact, AI has been changing our daily lives, almost entirely in ways that improve human health, safety, and productivity… And importantly, humans know how to prevent it. the ability to abuse AI technology for malicious purposes. Beneficial AI applications in schools, homes, and hospitals are growing at a rapid pace. Therefore, at this stage, we must believe that, in the future, when AI develops into ASI, it is also intended to serve human civilization.

Disease – The most dangerous enemy: An extremely practical book by two authors Michael T. Osterholm and Mark Olshaker. This is a work written on infectious diseases and pandemics in today’s era from the perspective of epidemiologists, synthesized from the process of observing and studying pandemics, as well as the development of policies. book against prominent modern public health problems. With 21 chapters presented in a fairly brief manner, always focusing on the most dangerous enemies, with a way of exploiting information related to that dangerous enemy with classic questions: Who ( who), What (what), When (when), Where (where), and Why (why) and the word How (how). The authors lead us as detectives investigate a case throughout more than 400 pages of books, by learning about the typical epidemics that have affected humanity throughout history to the present day. such as the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918, the plague in London, the SARS epidemic in Vietnam and Southeast Asian countries with the most urgent risks and challenges, thereby proposing measures that can solve these problems. problems of humanity. Origins of Diseases – Animals, Humans and the Next Global Pandemic: Is a masterpiece that attracts the world’s media by author David Quammen, providing a scientific perspective on pathogens that cause diseases in animals, and sometimes transmitted to humans. In the book, the author weaves a special story, a detective novel with different but also very real killers. They are viruses, bacteria and protozoa that cause disease in animals, but sometimes, they change their target and jump to humans. The emergence of zoonotic diseases – pathogens that reach us from other species – is nothing new but is on the rise, and Quammen seeks to find the reasons behind this phenomenon. the same image in the final chapter of the book: the huge human population, along with the enormous amount of livestock, the destruction of natural habitats, the disrupted ecosystems – things that are absolutely possible. can turn into a debate about nature’s revenge on humanity. Immune system – Discover the body’s self-healing mechanism: In the book Immune system , leading immunologist Daniel M.Davis has likened that, studying the immune system in the human body is like studying the stars and galaxies in our universe. The author gives us an overview of the big picture of the immune system, along with stories about the journey to discover pieces of that picture. The book is divided into two parts. The first part explains the basic concepts of resistance, and tells the journey to explore the cells and complex mechanisms in the immune system. The second part discusses modern research on how different agents affect our immune system. Diagnosis of Covid-19 with Eastern and Western medicine: The book gives readers a first-hand view of the disease by approaching the disease from many aspects, including: clinical features, incubation and disease mechanisms, source and mode of transmission, criteria and diagnostic procedures. diagnosis and progression of the disease worldwide. According to the two authors, the highlight of Western medicine is the treatment with antiviral drugs and antibiotics, immunotherapy drugs, drugs that modulate the intestinal ecosystem, the use of plasma from already healthy patients, the application of Continuous extra-renal dialysis… However, the book also highlights the advantages of Oriental medicine in the way of prevention, diagnosis and recovery, based on the author’s practical experience when working in field hospitals and other medical institutions. Clinical research on oriental medicine. From detailed advice on living habits, herbal remedies combined with acupressure or acupuncture to gentle exercises, all of which help “prevent disease even when there is no disease, support qi to ward off disease”. Guns, Germs and Steel – The Destiny of Human Societies : The work won the Pulitzer Prize. This is a classic book about 13,000 years of human development. The book explains how Eurasian civilizations (including North Africa) survived and conquered other civilizations, while disproving theories of the domination of other civilizations. Eurasian civilization was based on intellectual, moral or genetic superiority. Jared Diamond argues that differences in power and technology between human societies are rooted in environmental differences, in which this difference is magnified. Thereby, he explains why Western Europe, not other civilizations in the Eurasian world like China, became the dominant forces. Although this book is ultimately about history and prehistory, its subject matter is not only of academic value but also of great practical and political importance. The history of interactions between different peoples is what has shaped the modern world through conquest, infectious disease, and genocide. Those conflicts produced lasting effects that, after centuries, are still actively ongoing in some of the world’s most problematic regions today.

Humans and the fear of snakes exist in the genetics Few people know that, ophidiophobia or the horrible obsession with snakes and round, long, legless animals in general is the most common fear in human society (1/3 of humanity is afraid of snakes). In addition, scientists have confirmed: Most primates have inherited the instinct to… be afraid and run away from snakes. The reason, prehistoric people were so afraid of snakes because they had to face giant carnivorous reptiles, not hostages like now. First is Titanoboa cerrejonensis : Nearly 13m long, weighing about 1 ton, is considered the largest snake species discovered by man However, some studies indicate that Titanoboa was a piscivore rather than a megafauna-killer. So, is it a giant but gentle animal? Titanoboa cerrejonensis. Before humans left records of Titanoboa, the title of giant snake was given Gigantophis garstini They appeared about 20 million years after Titanoboa in Africa with a length of about 11m. Gigantophis’ favorite food was the ancestor of the modern world’s elephants. Gigantophis garstini. Madtsoia madagascariensis: Giant snake that specializes in eating dinosaurs Gigantophis’ close relative is Madtsoia madagascariensis , another giant snake that lived in Madagascar for several million years during the age of the dinosaurs. They lived with iconic dinosaurs like Majungasaurus , Masiakasaurus and Rahonavis as well as giant frogs Beelzebufo . And perhaps, Madtsoia is also more than enough to eat all the dinosaurs mentioned above. Madtsoia madagascariensis. Both Madtsoia and Gigantophis belong to the ancient family of giant snakes known as the Madtsoiids. Both of these genera lived long ago, but some survived until recently in Australia. Until Wonambi naracoortensis , a snake more than 6m long has inspired the legend of the Rainbow Snake of primitive Australians This size seems modest compared to the previous monsters, but it is still significantly larger when compared to the Anaconda python. Furthermore, over time it has coexisted with giant kangaroos, marsupial lions and primitive Australians – it may have inspired the Rainbow Serpent legend. mythical animals of Australia). Rainbow Snake, one of the mythical animals of Australia. Yurlunggur camfieldensis , a reptile that the Yurlungur aborigines believe is made of bronze, specializes in hunting virgins Living in the same period and place as Wonambi is a species Yurlunggur camfieldensis. They are named after the Yurlungur Aboriginal mythology – which tells of a bronze snake excited by the smell of a young girl’s menstrual blood that would come to eat her and her family. Yurlunggur is said to be up to 8m long and is a self-burrowing aquatic species. They will hunt underwater but live in burrows with soft ground. Though non-poisonous, the terrifying force of the contractions would kill their prey, similar to most pythons today. Yurlunggur camfieldensis. Palaeophiidae, Giant water snake up to 10m long, specializing in eating whales and prehistoric sharks Come to another ancient genus of giant snakes, Palaeophiidae of the genus Palaeophiid . Palaeophiidae evolved over 70 million years ago, and like the Madtsoiids, they survived the K-PG Great Extinction. Similar to modern sea snakes, Palaeophiidae lived entirely in water, only much larger. According to researcher Gary Meaney, Palaeophis colossaeus New is the scariest of all – it can hunt whales, giant sharks in the Eocene waters. It is very large, up to 10m long. Palaeophis colossaeus. Pterosphenus , a giant warm-blooded snake, much more active than a cold-blooded reptile Another branch of the Palaeophiid genus, Pterosphenus , which is also horrifying in size: 7m. In addition, these are giant sea snakes that have the ability to reproduce early and have a warm-blooded metabolism, making them more active than many other slow reptile monsters. Pterosphenus. To the giant, tens of meters long reptiles that dominate the earth During the Pliocene (geological period), did the Australian continent exist the giant python Bluff Downs or Liasis dubungila – one of the few prehistoric animals with a common name. It is more than 10m long and is considered the largest snake ever of this continent. Bluff Downs or Liasis dubungila. In prehistoric times, branches of the python family also gained horological dimensions. One of them is Chubutophis grandis, estimated at 22m in length. And if that’s true, Titanoboa will lose the title of the largest snake in history. They lived in the Miocene with a host of giant South American creatures: Elephant-sized Caimans, giant gharials, giant tigers and giant turtles… Chubutophis grandis. Finally, let’s come to the largest venomous snake known: Laophis , closely resembles the poisonous Gabon viper, which lived on the Greek islands during the Pliocene. According to scientists, it weighs twice as much as the largest venomous snakes of the modern world, more than 4m long. This size has nothing to do with the reptiles listed above, but they are not poisonous… Laophis. As such, Titanoboa was the only nightmare snake that slithered around in ancient times. It may be the biggest, but it’s probably not the scariest.

A fresh batch of baguettes From the countryside to the city, the long bread made by hand is a familiar image in the daily life of the French people. The baguette has also been a creative inspiration for many artists and has gone into many works of art. From a foreign perspective, when it comes to France, in terms of cuisine, the baguette is probably one of the most intimate and simple symbols, next to countless types of wine, champagne or cheese. So when did baguettes in France come from? According to historian Steven Kaplan, up to now, in France, there are usually three anecdotes about the origin of baguette bread. It is said by many that the long bread was invented by the bakers of Emperor Napoleon in the early 19th century. Lighter and less bulky than the earlier round loaf, the long loaves were easily carried by soldiers. people. In another anecdote, baguettes originated in Austria and were brought to France by a Viennese baker named August Zang in 1839, and were originally sold in Paris as ovals. And finally, the baguette was invented on the Paris subway site in the 1900s, a time when workers from all over France flocked here, and there were often fights between Brittany and regional workers. Auvergne. To prevent workers from stabbing each other with knives, contractors are said to have asked bakers to make loaves of bread that are easy to break by hand rather than using a knife. However, those are just oral anecdotes. Historian Steven Kaplan asserts that the traditional baguette originated in the 20th century, stemming from a change in the dietary needs of urban people. The affluent class living in urban areas wanted to eat fresh bread many times a day, while the big, round breads weighing 1.2-2kg at that time were too big, they had to eat a few meals to finish. Moreover, people also prefer to eat the crust rather than the inside. For centuries before that, bread was made with sourdough, obtained by the natural fermentation of bacteria found in wheat. For the workers, the process of making cakes is very hard work. Steven Kaplan recounted, the baker at that time was likened to a “white miner”, working all night. Many consider it inhumane to let bakers work in such conditions, leading to a movement to find ways to reduce their hardship. By 1919, France had a law banning bakers from working at night. Therefore, the craftsmen have come up with a simpler way to make bread and shape the long, thin baguette to bake the cake faster. And so the baguette was born. According to the National Federation of French Bakery and Pastry Shops, 32,000 artisan bakeries with 180,000 employees earn about 11 billion EUR/year in revenue. However, the French Ministry of Culture said that the number of bakeries has dropped sharply in the past five decades due to competition from supermarkets with industrial, frozen bread. Many people hope that the French Ministry of Culture’s selection of baguettes to submit to UNESCO for nominations for the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity will contribute to preserving France’s artisanal bread production from the competition of the industrial production methods.

Perhaps many people have left high school with the impression that History is boring and boring. Events associated with numbers, dry, impersonal narratives that are unknown to anyone, stories that happened far and wide with relative timelines like “a few tens of thousands of years.” ”, “20-30 thousand years ago”… However, that feeling will disappear when the reader Sapiens – A brief history of mankind with pictures – episode 1: The beginning of mankind. The work was born from the cooperation of three authors Yuval Noah Harari, David Vandermeulen, Daniel Casanave. A special edition Before Sapiens – A Brief History of Humankind by Yuval Noah Harari, a Jewish-American historian has been well received by many readers, including Vietnamese readers. This book, though thick and heavy both literally and figuratively, has been hotly discussed by a wide audience. Reading him, one will go from one surprise to another and after reading it, there will be questions and reflections left in the mind. He has been very successful in making the reader, be it the average reader or the researcher, one more time pondering the true meaning of history. This time, the content that appeared in that book has been restructured, recreated in a special edition – the “picture” version. Book Sapiens – A Brief History of Humankind with Pictures, Volume 1. Photo: Omega Plus. Overseas, it is very common for a classic, famous, best-selling or influential work to appear in multiple versions for different audiences. However, even if it is the same basic expression of the same content, each version has its own uniqueness and appeal. Those who have read Sapiens-human history Before that, it would have been thrilling to flip open the book to see what the picture version was all about. The book opens with the foreword by Yuval Noah Harari: “Dedicated to extinction, loss, and oblivion. Everything fits and falls apart.” Reading this preface makes me feel like the author is more like a certain Eastern sage than a Western historian who likes to dissect and analyze. The book leads the reader to follow the history of the universe – earth and humanity along the time axis with a unique way of divergence: From the history of physics, to the history of chemistry, biology and finally The same is cultural history with 4 titles and 4 chapters: Rebels in the Prairie, Fictional Masters, Sex, Lies and Caves, Intercontinental Murderers. A special narrative As a picture version, of course the book’s great appeal comes from its visual and vividness. However, not only that, the appeal and uniqueness of the work lies in many other things. Firstly, the text in the book is written very succinctly, easy to understand, and highly generalizable. Reading a sentence, the reader can imagine an era of hundreds of thousands of years, even billions of years. For example, it is easy to find in books statements or interpretations like this: “About 14 billion years ago, matter, energy, time, and space were formed in the event we call it. is the big bang – the Big Bang. The story of these fundamental properties of the universe is called physics”; “The story of atoms and molecules and their interactions is called chemistry”; “The Story of Creatures Called Biology”; “The process of human cultural development is called history”… A lot of the tangled messes of our perception have been compressed, rearranged in a concise and logical order. The work of Yuval Noah Harari was well received and debated by many readers. Photo: Omega Plus. Second, the history that appears here is not a cold and frozen “impersonal” history. In this picture book, there will be many people telling about history such as historian Yuval Noah Harari, professor – biologist Saraswati, professor Dunbar – expert on human communication, even detective. López. This narrative technique called “multi-tonal narrative” has recently been applied in many countries to primary school history textbooks to increase the book’s appeal. This narrative, academically shows that to understand history one needs a lot of experts in many different fields, but at the same time creates the appeal of the story being told as history is seen. from many sides. Third, the history told in this pictorial version is a “continuous dialogue between historian and history, between present past and future” as EH Car put it. It is the dialogue between historian Yuval Harari and Zoe – a curious teenager curious; the dialogue of professors like Yuval Harari with archaeological evidence such as tools, fossils, relics left in the ground, between professors and the public in seminars, between present – past – future such as the trial of the Sapiens genocide of large mammals and the current threat of destroying the ecosystem of humans… The narrative style always changes the point of view from the present to the past, then from the past to reflect and relate to the present and future. Those are the journeys through time of modern people to many different times, on many different lands, making readers not feel tired. Harari has appeared in the book as a narrator who speaks directly to the reader. Finally, the humor. Humor makes the historical narrative charming and engaging. For example, when describing 6 human species that once existed on earth, with characteristics summarized on each portrait card, the authors described Homo Sapiens like this: “HOMO SAPIENS ANNUAL: THE FINALLY PEOPLE The human family 50,000 years ago. Location: anywhere, even on the moon Existence: 300,000 years ago to present. Probably going extinct before 2100. Characteristic: They think themselves wise above all else. Strengths: Good at crafting tools, from toothbrushes to intercontinental rockets. Weaknesses: Big ego. Or believe in nonsense.” Along with humor is the explanation, simile full of images. All of the above factors are mixed, reduced, and skillfully combined in the entire work, making it attractive to both adult readers and children over 13 years old.

Survival instinct Ueshiba Morihei is famous as the master of the martial art of Aikido. People in the world know that there are many strange things surrounding this character, to the point that they say that no one has been able to knock him down. During a practice session, UeshibaMorihei accepted the challenge of the practitioners, trying to use his whole body to push him off the mat. However, the ancestor remained motionless, until he shouted “Kiai” loudly, causing the students to fall to the sides. Everyone didn’t say a word, just felt shocked because the aftershock of the sound was still echoing in their ears. Sascha Frühholz watched for a long time the videos of the ancestor UeshibaMorihei’s training, with a terrifying “Kiai”, which stunned opponents and momentarily lost their composure. The sound is sometimes like a terrible thunderclap, sometimes like thunder in a thunderstorm. This makes sound scientists like Sascha Frühholz suspicious: does a scream contain such tremendous power? For a martial art like Aikido, shouting “Kiai” represents confidence and fierce will, transforming the human body from sluggish, sluggish state to excited and ready to fight. Our body is entering the subconscious working mechanism, so that when the mind speaks to control behavior and manifests outside, we officially operate in a conscious way. As a kind of signal, Sascha Frühholz believes that screams create multidimensional emotional expression, but are always forgotten by the modern life that has led us to slip into a regular Disney-style safe state, all day long. only laughter and occasional sadness. Sport is like a battle, between winners and losers. Since appearing on Earth, humans have always shown the dominant instinct, wanting to use power to threaten and overwhelm the opponent. Sascha Frühholz associates the shout of “Kiai” with the most primitive weapon of prehistoric times, to ensure the survival of any species. Perhaps, the deepest nature of the scream is like a self-defense shield in the community of creatures, not just humans. In other primates and mammals, scream-like calls are often used as alarm signals specifically for negative and social conflict situations. One summer afternoon in 2019, Harold Gouzoules sat quietly across from Sascha Frühholz inside a soundproof lab. The screams of monkeys from the tape are loud, loud, shrill and make ordinary people feel headaches. They live in a human-like society, and have become so intelligent that they develop distinct scream patterns that not only act as a warning but also reveal the type of predator among them, thereby protecting children and other family members. The two scientists looked at each other in amazement, at the printed sheets of paper crisscrossed with undulating bands of sound waves, representing different pitches and volumes. This led Sascha Frühholz to believe that humans are probably descended from individuals who were good at shouting, as well as having come to an agreement on how to “decode” the screams of their fellow humans, creating a mode of communication. unique news in prehistoric society. The panic-filled scream in “Psycho” has become a cinematic icon. Panic and fear Harold Gouzoules replayed Alfred Hitchcock’s horror masterpiece “Psycho” several times, listening to the haunting desperation hidden within the panicked screams of victim Marion Crane. The scream has become a symbol of a painful death, through the thin veil to reveal the full horror that follows. Human emotions are diverse, and of all the sounds humans make, nothing captures our attention more than a scream. And of the many human screams, the scream of fear is the most prominent. Each scream has at least one point of its own that makes them unique. It could be a low pitch or a chaotic howl, or it sounds like you’re losing control. Screams vary in loudness from 30 to 150 times per second, giving them a unique place in the soundscape of human voices, thus often attracting great attention. No wonder, Marion Crane’s scream in a bloody shower is often considered the scariest ever brought to the silver screen. Then, the image of women screaming in terror became a mainstay of Hollywood – even when the film was silent. Beyond the boundaries of movies, shrill sounds become the fulcrum for people to express their desperate pain, anger at themselves disguised by fear. Harold Gouzoules reminds us of the mystery of the creepy, anguished, painful screams coming from the “deep pit of hell” beneath human feet. Harold Gouzoules flipped through a hundred-page file on the 1970’s “race to the ground”, his eyes fixed on his own conclusion: “I believe that the strange sound comes from 12,000m deep underground. land is not owned by… one person but from… millions of people”. They still haunt humanity to this day, do they come from “cursed souls” in a mysterious unexplored world? Monkeys are so smart that they have developed distinct scream patterns to warn of danger. Game of evolution Alone in a closed room, Sascha Frühholz slowly took a deep breath, then suddenly shouted. Happiness was evident on the scientist’s satisfied face, because the scream unleashed a strong emotion for his idol: The Beatles. Every image of the Beatles’ ferocious ’60s performance appeared in Sascha Frühholz’s mind. The music kept running, people were still swinging, and the screams kept coming, excited but full of obsession. 10 years of existence during the 1960s, The Beatles changed the world a lot, becoming the pride of England in modern history. They brought us “Beatlemania”, the Beatles mania, then when they disbanded in September 1969, fans regretted and couldn’t stop looking forward to a reunion. Sascha Frühholz turned over each page of the Beatles’ research, her eyes stopped at the image of fans’ faces “deformed” because they shouted with joy and enthusiasm when meeting their idols. The scientist has long been skeptical about the true nature of the screams coming from the human throat, criticizing the old theory that always says that screams are painful, full of fear. An encounter with his longtime friend, Dr. Harold Gouzoules, led Sascha Frühholz to interesting conclusions. Not simply a warning like common theories, humans also create high-pitched screams to signal positive emotions such as extreme joy. It sounds simple, but screams actually convey a more complex set of emotions than we think. The odd sound, honed over millions of years, hides many subtle nuances of volume, timing, and inflection that can signal many things. Sascha Frühholz looked up at the scans of the human brain and suddenly noticed that, unlike other human sounds, screams are routed directly to the amygdala – the part of the brain that processes fear, anger, and strong emotions. other paralysis. Evolution has changed the scream, which is no longer a communication signal, stemming from the requirement of complex social context in humans. The two scientists were excited to find three important sites that make up the difference in human screams: the auditory system that analyzes and classifies sounds, the sensory cortex, and the frontal lobes that make decisions about action. . They immediately drew six large circles, each colored with a color representing the six types of emotions that screams contain: from “negative” anger, fear, pain, sadness to “positive.” extreme happiness and joy. They are reminiscent of Edvard Munch’s painting “The Scream”, which depicts an anxious and desperate figure contrasting the landscape with the red sky. The artist’s diary page surprised Frühholz and Gouzoules, when he wrote: “A sentimental scream, of pain and sadness, spreads endlessly through space. If liberated and understood, it will one day turn into a feeling of hope and serenity.”

Le Nam

Works by GS. John Vu – Nguyen Phong wrote in 2017 and completed in early 2020, recording stories and experiences about strange past lives from many past lives of his longtime confidant, Mr. Thomas – a talented businessman. key in New York. These unrevealed stories will help people around the world to contemplate and explore the laws of the Law of Cause and Effect and Reincarnation of the universe in the midst of many crises in the world. daily … With the message throughout “Cause and Effect, don’t wait to see it to believe.” Cause and Effect is the signpost to bring people back to honesty, Lifetime of human life send a positive message: We ourselves will be the one to decide which seed should sprout and bear fruit. It is our thoughts and actions – not anyone else’s – that make up our destiny. Even the future of the world will sub collection Depending on the positive change of each person. “Lifetime of life” practice 2 568 color-printed pages with 40 sub-pages of the specially designed ‘Universal Cause and Effect’, the voice book version on Voiz FM via MC Dong Quan’s voice will be released 30 days later. Following the strange lives of Thomas in the mighty civilization of Atlantis and Egypt in the previous episode, Lifetime of life 2 is Thomas’s next unprecedented journey on a train through time – space stretches from contemporary America, back to the Mesopotamian desert of Assyria to Greece, Persia, and ancient India. the conquests of Alexander the Great. The memory of the heroic warrior Achilles in the legendary Trojan success, the sudden awakening of the undefeated emperor when conquering the mysterious country or the mysteries of the tomb of tyrant Qin Shihuang … painted The great picture of human condition has always been revolving ceaselessly in storms. Causes of ambition, war, hatred and love throughout the history of the world. Not only are Thomas’s profound lessons on cause and effect, Lifetime of life 2 also uncover the mysterious veil and uncover the endless journey of souls through the realms, the transit station for many lifetimes … All are logically summarized and strung together with a harmonious perspective. between spirituality, science, philosophy and history of civilizations from East to West, from ancient to modern. Through wise conversations, works Lifetime of human life Volume 2 also gives a way to transform karma, at the same time warns about the dangers and major upheavals of humanity as well as sends healing messages. This will be the beginning of a new era with the revolution of mind transformation and also the most wise way to awaken, save each person, save the life of the earth on the edge of difficult crises and dangers. measure. The sages have shown that the awakening process begins with each person. And it will not be a hopeless journey if we are truly conscious of our meaning of life and our mission. Whether our future becomes better or not is due to the energy of our own thoughts and actions today. One of the book’s profound messages is expressed through the advice of businessman Thomas, encouraging people to discover new life values ​​as well as new knowledge. : “In every human life, sometimes as long as we dare to ask questions and dare to find answers, we will embark on a journey to completely change the perception and meaning of life. Because life is an endless journey of experience and learning. Every hour that passes, the world produces millions of new things. Those who stop learning and discovering will lead to ignorance, conservativeism and outdated prejudices ”. And he warns: “But people all over the world are still very subjective. One lives and runs after inertia rather than contemplating and awakening. It’s not that they don’t have the time, but that they don’t have the conditions and the courage to wake up. Maybe it’s time people need to learn their lessons! No other way. We all know that it is easier to awaken a person who is bankrupt, unemployed, or poor than it is to awaken the arrogant with many layers of outer shell – money, fame, status, title, diploma, … – while their inner values ​​such as compassion, love and spiritual understanding are mostly empty or too poor ” . Author Nguyen Phong shared in the book that everything, big or small, will contribute directly to the present life or in the future, even to the next life. Those are the karmic karma of the previous life plus our actions in this life to form a huge complex karmic wheel that does not leave out anyone, any country and does not miss out. any behavior or thought. When devoted to writing Lifetime of human life , the author Nguyen Phong wishes to convey awakening messages and responsible warnings with a compassionate, loving heart for everyone to be aware and transform – like butterflies fluttering. paralysis spreads to many people. For the ends of those diffuse vibrations will create a transformation of consciousness for a better future for each person and for humanity. Compared with part 1, the richness and amplitude of knowledge Lifetime of life 2 is extended in many fields to further clarify the law of the cosmic Cause and Effect – the original energy that makes up the existence of all things cosmic that man is the most vivid reflection. Author Nguyen Phong affirms: “Man can be likened to a machine that operates energy by thought, word, and action. When we think, say, or do anything we release a blast of energy into space, it touches other energies, disrupts the existing balance. Therefore the universe must react in reverse to restore balance. In other words, our thoughts, words, or actions are also energies, or causes, that cause imbalance, so we will encounter the opposite reaction, which is also the effect. Mr. Nguyen Van Phuoc, founder of First News – Tri Viet, copyright holder, publisher and direct editor Lifetime of human life 2 throughout 68 days and nights shared: “I have encountered many strange and inexplicable things that have never been in my previous experience. Lifetime of life 2 made me reflect on things, step by step logically reassembled my relationships. I believe that the life we ​​have as a miracle of creation, man does not exist alone but has a great machine of the universe observing, recording every thought, word and action. of us, although everything happened a long time ago, although no one knows, but is fully understood by that realm. Like in this world there is no secret, all witnesses of heaven and earth. I am sure that Lifetime of human life by GS. Nguyen Phong, the work of the era will accompany readers to fully understand and explore the world around them, to understand about Cause and Effect energy to really lead a better life – for the future – and forever. after that”.

In their paper in the journal IEEE Trans Transaction on Biomedical Engineering, the team presented the results of trials on two men with spinal cord injury aged 35 and 63. The system works by connecting a signal generator on the user’s head to an electrode relay in the cortex, through the connection port like wired systems. From there, the tester can move, click and type on the computer keyboard with his or her brain. Transmitter connects to a relay located in the brain cortex, helping people to use wireless computers. Photo: BrainGate. In the test, both candidates were able to achieve typing speed and click accuracy on par with a wired system. At the same time, they can use the system continuously for up to 24 hours at home. “The signals are recorded and transmitted with the same fidelity as a wired system, meaning we can use the same decoding algorithms that we have,” said John Simeral, who leads the team. used with conventional wired equipment ”. “The only difference is that we are no longer physically tied to the devices, which opens up new possibilities for future research,” Simeral added. “With this system, we are able to look at brain activity at home, over the long term, in a way that was previously almost impossible,” said Leigh Hochberg, another team member. This gives us more opportunities to create algorithms that allow people with paralysis to move and work. ” According to the Mashable, The aforementioned study is a significant step forward in the field of neural communication, in which the human brain is directly connected to the computer. Recently, big names in the tech world like Facebook and Elon Musk have also expressed interest in this area. Simple device is placed on top of research candidate. Photo: Radiofiji. In 2020, Elon Musk’s startup Neuralink introduced a pig named Gertrude, with a computer chip implanted in the brain. Or, as before, in 2021, the company also succeeds in implanting a chip into the monkey brain so that the animal can play video games. However, Brown University’s first human study demonstrates that the technology can be used wirelessly, and it wouldn’t be surprising if we find wearable devices that allow people with disabilities to communicate with them. continue and work better in the future.

Renowned French comic artist David Vandermeulen and Belgian screenwriter Daniel Casanave were the first to come up with the idea for the series, so they teamed up with Harari to create a series of graphic comics. . Author Yuval Noah Harari said: “Their creative talent allowed the three of us to tell human history from a whole new perspective – without them I wouldn’t have been able to. Their humor and intelligence have made the book a truly enjoyable experience ”. The trend of graphicizing books is favored by many readers In the series, Harari plays a narrator, along with her niece named Zoe. He tells stories, guides, and explains Zoe’s questions through the intricate pages of evolution and his theories about how an ape living on a secluded steppe has grown to be a species. dominate the globe. At the same time, he brought Zoe to meet real characters such as scientist professor Saraswati – biologist, professor Robin Dunbar – anthropologist, expert on human communication to bogus characters. Dr. fiction, Detective Lopez … to explain more thoroughly the evolution and development of our species. “Sapiens – human history” (text version) has more than 10 million readers and has been translated into 50 different languages. And Sapiens comic version has now been translated and released in more than 35 countries around the world. Harari also argues that it is imperative to pass the book’s message to more readers because we are living in a global era, you need to understand the big picture of history in order to really understand. my life. Also according to the author, most of the educational apparatus only teaches the history of the country, its own religion and culture. “I spent 12 years in school in Israel and never heard anything about Chinese history or what happened before Judaism. I never took a class that teaches about the agricultural revolution. So everyone needs to see the big picture and Sapiens can provide it in an interesting and accessible way ”- says author Harari. Volume one of the series focuses on the formation of the human race that dominates the Earth today, including 4 parts. Part 1 – The rebels on the grassland: the human race was originally just an ordinary animal like any other, and there have been many different human species in the evolutionary process. Part 2 – Fictional Masters: 70,000 years ago, Sapiens had a Cognitive Revolution. Humankind has left artificial works and achievements thanks to the cooperation on a large scale, through language communication and information exchange. Part 3 – Sex, lying and cave painting: tells about people’s life after the Cognitive Revolution and before the agricultural revolution. Sapiens groups are very different in social structure, family, and religious beliefs. Part 4 – Intercontinental killers: in the process of spreading across the globe, humans have caused many ecological disasters, making many native animals extinct. The author has raised a fictitious trial of the Sapiens species for this crime, and all humans share the common responsibility.

Factory DAC. After 2050, we still have to double our efficiency. Currently, the fastest and most powerful solution is CO2 extraction by DAC method. For one thing, it takes 30,000 large-capacity DAC (Direct Air Capture) plants, estimated to cost $ 15,000 billion. Direct CO2 filter Since the Paris Agreement was signed in 2015, the world has made many efforts to reduce CO2. The most popular solution is afforestation, but this way of “green” still has many potential risks. First, afforestation takes space and time. It requires a large investment, likely to push food prices five times higher. Second, even when the Earth is completely green, forests will only absorb 30% of the annual emissions that need to be treated. Third, the plant itself is the “receptor for CO2”. If not handled properly upon death, they will turn out to be harmful to humans. “Humanity needs a faster, more drastic solution”, Steve Oldham (USA) affirmed. He introduced the initiative of Carbon Engineering Company: DAC Factory, removed CO2 by the method of direct air capture (DAC). The DAC method was invented in 1999. It operates on the principle of absorbing air, leading to an alkaline environment, isolating and compressing to preserve CO2. The experimental DAC plant was built in Squamish, British Columbia, Canada. It is installed with a series of giant fan tubes on the roof, sucking in ambient air. Currently, CO2 makes up about 0.04% of the air. Carbon Engineering fan duct connected to a filtration system consists of 3 chambers. The first chamber contains alkali potassium hydroxide (KOH) solution. When the air passes through, the KOH reacts with CO2, forming potassium bicarbonate (KHCO3). The KHCO3 formed is led to a second chamber containing calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) ₂). It reacts, forming limestone and being expelled into the third chamber. In the third chamber, the heated limestone decomposes, creating pure CO2. The DAC recycles the catalyst residue, forming a closed and repeating loop. It captures CO2 without releasing waste. “We are miserable with climate change and the cause of it is excess CO2” – Oldham said – “But with the DAC plant, you can purify this emissions anywhere and anywhere. when”. Cost “huge” CO2 can be commercialized by selling it to agriculture. The world is emitting about 36 billion tons of CO2 / year. “To avoid the risk of global warming, we need to successfully remove 10 billion tons of CO2 / year”, ecologist Jane Zelikova (Ukraine) said. To remove 10 billion tons of CO2 / year, a widespread DAC system is needed, with a total of 30,000 factories. Each year, these three thousand plants require 4 million tons of KOH. They also need a huge amount of energy to operate, estimated to account for up to one-sixth of total global energy. The cost of building a DAC factory is 500 million USD. With 30,000 factories, mankind has to spend 15,000 billion USD. “We need to filter 800 billion tons of CO2 out of the atmosphere,” Oldham said. Recently, many philanthropists and large corporations have expressed their support for DAC. Billionaire and philanthropist Elon Musk (South African American) pledges $ 100 million to develop CO2 capture technology by this method. Microsoft, United Airlines, ExxonMobil … also enthusiastically invested billions of dollars. Until now, estimates of the cost of capturing CO2 in the air have been very expensive. It ranges from 100 to 1,000 USD / ton. Oldham believes that the DAC industry will help lower it to only 94 USD / ton. Big bet Mankind sees CO2 as an enemy, wanting to be wiped out from the atmosphere. Did you know that in the business sector, compressed CO2 is still a valuable commodity? In Switzerland, Climeworks (a CO2 capture center) is compressing CO2 with an efficiency of 900 tons / year. They sell it to greenhouses that increase crop yields. Unfortunately, the most potential customer of compressed CO2 is the fossil fuel industry – the most terrible CO2 emission sector. Petroleum is a finite source of energy, but can be renewable by adding CO2. Occidental Petroleum Company in Texas signed a contract with Carbon Engineering to build a large-scale DAC plant. They aim to filter and utilize 50 million tons of CO2 / year, used for the purpose of increasing oil regeneration. Naturally, this amount of CO2 will be re-emitted in the new oil. It makes efforts to remove CO2 “evenly”. “We must admit, DAC is an expensive solution”, businessman and writer Chris Goodall (UK) said. The problem is that humanity urgently needs to deal with its excess CO2. If we are late, we could pay a heavy price. Losses caused by natural disasters from climate change are extremely severe. It is even able to exceed the amount of money spent operating DACs by many times. The more you hesitate and delay, the more CO2 increase cannot be controlled. The role of DAC is to control emissions. For tomorrow, mankind may have to accept today’s costly. In the event of failure to do business, Iceland proposes mineralization. They succeeded by mixing CO2 into water, pumping down basalt layers in the ground 500 – 600m deep. After about 2 years, CO2 self-changes into calcite (limestone). Waiting time for mineralization, CO2 mixed in water. CO2 containing water is heavier than normal, sinks deeply, so it does not affect the quality of floating water. In other words, the mineralization of CO2 ensures ecological safety.

Detroit’s explanation of the origins of artificial intelligence (AI) differs from reality. But basically artificial intelligence is still understood as a science fiction concept, a robot or a thinking machine. In fact, artificial intelligence is a complex program or algorithm, often focusing on machine learning standards. There is a funny story in the AI ​​science community: “Once something is realized with artificial intelligence, people will no longer call it artificial intelligence.” Indeed, with the advent of Siri and Duplex, linguistic AI applications, people are no longer using Turing Test to test the method of operation and the intelligence level of machine learning. Of course, many people still believe that machines cannot pass the Turing Test because it cannot understand human emotions through language. After all, humans themselves cannot fully understand how the brain works, of course they cannot give exact definitions of a “human-like” machine or set scientific standards. to measure it. And now, when artificial intelligence is bringing people closer to immortal life, humanity’s vision is once again expanding. Artificial intelligence paves the way to immortality In February 2011, the Avatar Project, also known as the Longevity Project, was started with the sponsorship of Russian media tycoon Dmitry Itskov. This is a project that creates immortality by transferring all of human intelligence, consciousness, and memory into computers, helping people get out of their physical form and exist in an Internet network in the form of waves. electronic. “For the next 30 years, I will make sure we can all live forever. I believe 100% of it will happen ”, the Russian billionaire confirmed. According to the roadmap, the Avatar Project will advance to phase 4 in 2045, when humans can give up their flesh and bones to take over the machine body and begin an immortal life with robots capable of change. shape according to thought. The year 2045 is also the time when artificial intelligence brings human immortality as predicted by the American inventor and futurist Raymond Kurzweil. He was the one who accurately predicted when computers would defeat the chess champion in 1997. Meanwhile, futurist Dr. Ian Pearson said that “humans will be immortal by year. 2060 ”. Whether it is the year 2045 or 2060 as predicted by the scientists, all confirmed that at some point, humans can completely connect their thoughts with the machine world, and we will live well in the cloud thanks to Digital immortality. The purpose is similar to the Avatar Project, but billionaire Elon Musk’s brain-computer interface, developed by Neuralink, does not put a lot of time on. This is a neural technology company founded in 2016, headquartered in San Francisco (USA), with specialization in brain-computer interface (BMI) development. Once there were many negative comments about artificial intelligence, even considering it a threat to humanity, Elon Musk finally set Neuralink for the long-term goal of achieving “symbiosis with human intelligence. create “. Currently, this brain-computer interface has gone beyond the laboratory facility and initially recognizing achievements for polio patients. In Neuralink’s latest experiment, the video of a monkey playing a game after being implanted in a brain chip caused shock in public opinion. Not only Avatar and brain-computer interface have brought positive results, there are a series of other projects that have also been promoted to quickly reveal the mysterious curtain of human immortality. In particular, artificial intelligence is still the focus of research and is also the most controversial area. “Life in the cloud” goes hand in hand with real life While researchers are still making proposals to legalize commercial applications of artificial intelligence, especially clones that possess human consciousness based on ethical standards, there are still many ideas. Pessimism about the future of AI. There is even an opinion that artificial intelligence will destroy humanity when out of control. However, “artificial intelligence not only does not destroy people but also gives people immortality” – said Baidu founder Ly Ngan Hoanh at the World Internet Conference in 2019. This is also is the view that has received the support of many scientists, especially the futurists. They believe that artificial intelligence will help people live forever thanks to digital immortality. Digital immortality is a new concept that has emerged in the past few decades and is defined as “the extension of active / passive digital existence after death”. This means that advanced knowledge management, AI, data mining, machine-to-machine communication with the function of presence after death, are now available in a number of projects specializing in creating characters. digital immortality. Typically Avatar, with the illustrated version of the user or the person’s personality in 2D or 3D form, possesses the ability to “think” and act according to the recorded data. These avatars are capable of constantly learning, developing and interacting autonomously if they still exist in the virtual world. This form closely resembles Romanbot, part of a realm of “augmented eternity” in the way that the human mind can be downloaded, recreated, and transformed into other forms. “Eventually the mind will become information that can move, just like files can move from device to device and live in the cloud,” said Michael Graziano, professor of psychology and the sciences. says at Princeton University. According to Alex Zhavoronkov (CEO Insilico Medicine), that is when artificial intelligence saves us from death instead of leading to a bizarre apocalypse. In fact, the AI ​​hub’s origins can be traced back to the 1968 anti-commercialization rebellion according to the data in Truls Unholt’s Vagant, while immortality in the “virtual world” goes hand in hand with the world. It is the destination that people will reach in the near future. Up to the present time, is the time to change our thinking about human union with technology and start thinking as a co-consciousness, instead of perpetuating the “mind” as Ideas by Stephen Hawking and Milton Friedman. As Robert Hertz wrote in 1907, we have two lives – one living in nature, one living in culture. Now, humanity will have one more life, an immortal life thanks to artificial intelligence technology, and in the words of future doctor Micho Kaku, it is just a “matter of time”.

In human society, we give and exchange what we need to maintain life is an indispensable daily activity of each individual. More than that, from the perspective of the entire human race, commercial exchanges have become such an indispensable part of today’s world, so much so that each person forgets to depend on them so much that Come on. Just take a minute looking around the room you are sitting in, or look through the top of your desk and ask yourself how much of it is made by you yourself, and you have the answer. word. How commercial activities have an impact on the history of human society is summarized in the book: Trade history – How trade shaped the world ? (Original name : A splendid exchange: How trade shaped the world ) by William J. Bernstein. He is a neuroscientist, an expert in financial and investment theory, and also a researcher in economic history. The book focuses on two main contents: the first is the formation and development of commercial activities; The second is the impact of trade on the shaping of human society throughout history as well as the world today. WJBernstein recounts commercial history from the earliest steps, when people came up with the idea of ​​genius and it was also very natural to exchange what was in surplus for what they needed or liked but didn’t have, in when others have ego, it’s time for commerce to have shape and scale later on. The process of formation began from the cradle of human civilization in Mesopotamia to the formation of the oldest trade routes and then evolved into a complex network stretching from the Roman Empire in the west to the emperor. Han Empire in the East. Next was the disruption of East-West trade on the mainland as the two empires declined and Islam arose from the Middle East and spread influence, becoming the center of global trade for a long time. At the same time, maritime trade with the Indian Ocean was a major trade route that flourished, replacing the ancient Land Silk Road as the economic lifeblood of the world. Besides the overall picture of the ups and downs of trade history, WJBernstein analyzes the interaction between trade with political, social and other natural factors. For example, the geographical structural differences between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean lead to different economic-political, naval strategies thinking among Mediterranean civilizations (such as the Greek). Greece with civilizations participating in the Indian Ocean trading system (Islamic countries in the Middle East, Indian sub-states, Southeast Asia and China). At the same time, he offers interesting examples of times when economic, political and religious interests conflict, forcing rulers to make choices. For example, the famous story when Venice Governor Enrico Dandolo used all his tricks to bring the Crusader army to attack and sack Constantinople, Venice’s influential competitor, instead of attacking Egypt, his partner. commercial importance of Venice, as the Crusaders expected. And not only conscious human endeavors, but at times nature plays an important role in the course of history. The fourteenth century Black Death plague devastated both Christian Europe and the Muslim Middle East, but the consequences were different. The epidemic weakened feudalism in Europe, gave freedom of thought and trade a chance to develop, while at the same time making Islamic civilization severely irreversibly damaged, paving the way for turn in global trade advantage from East to West. In Trade history refers to characters, both famous and anonymous, who contributed to the making of commercial history. It was an anonymous Mesopotamian businessman whose letter on earth kept evidence of a transaction thousands of years ago. It was Vasco da Gama, it was Columbus, the restaurants that paved the way for Europe to regain control of the world. Or Richard Cobden, a pioneer in the fight for free trade thought in the UK in particular and around the world in general. Trading is not only about exchanging goods, but also about competing for the market, competing for monopoly on trading of goods with great profit. Contact between people belonging to far away countries also means the exchange of deadly pathogens. Merchant crews contributed to the spread of the Black Death in Europe. Spanish expeditions made many peoples of the Americas extinct because of the pathogens they carried. Competing for markets, fighting for strategic commodity resources has been the main cause of most wars from ancient times, from the Peloponnese to two bloody World Wars in the twentieth century. WJBernstein has neutrally recounted the story of commerce and its impact on human society, fully pointing out the bright and dark sides of this story. More importantly, we all know this is an ongoing story, and understanding the past is probably the best, if not the only, way to make the future of the dark side of trade possible. control is better, and on the bright side, commercial benefits bring people, to be promoted more thoroughly.

Even though there is news of reduced CO2 emissions into the atmosphere in the early stages of a pandemic, the risk of climate change remains evident. New research has shown that, even after a year of decommissioning and production cessation, global greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase at an unceasing rate. To mitigate the worst effects of climate change, the researchers note, humanity needs to focus purposefully on reducing fossil fuel emissions to close to zero, but even less. In that case, humans also need to find ways to further remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. Covid-19 is believed to have contributed to change in planetary climate; Source: topnewsrussia.ru The rapidly changing climate is caused by human activities and this is a scientific conclusion. Back in 1988, scientists put the issue of global warming on the agenda, emphasizing that humanity is facing a “climate emergency”. In 2020, 11,000 scientists around the world released a statement with the same name, calling for immediate action. According to the scientific community, our failure to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere will turn unusually hot waves, storms, wildfires and melting glaciers “a daily thing” and could “make the a large area of ​​uninhabitable Earth ”. Researchers noted that the world leaders’ actions against climate change cannot be called enough and effective. At the same time, the media’s response to the Covid-19 epidemic, such as the use of masks and social isolation, illustrated a useful, effective model of action. People should do the same with climate change. Since CO2 has remained in the atmosphere for decades, the longer humans wait for decisive action, the more extreme the weather, and the more likely it is to pass points of no return or out of control. Covid-19 pandemic and global warming A pandemic may have little effect on climate change, but Covid-19 can certainly teach us a lot about the global threats that exist. Recently, researchers from King’s College London have concluded that countries that are better prepared for a climate emergency have much more advantages in dealing with the Covid-19 pandemic. More importantly, the scientists also concluded that countries should treat the climate crisis as a pandemic. Research taking data from 110 countries shows that societies “in which people care about each other” cope better with pandemics. The work highlights the urgent need to invest in both climate action and public health infrastructure so countries can better prepare for similar disasters in the future, as Sciencealert writes. By looking at the social, economic and health measures each country is proposing to deal with the pandemic, the King University researchers found a lack of “social cohesion” in America. and Western Europe led to an increase in Covid-19 mortality. More than 71% of emissions since 1988 are believed to have been generated by 100 of the world’s super corporations; Source: topnewsrussia.ru Last year, the economic slowdown caused by the global pandemic cut CO2 emissions by about 7%, which according to some studies, only 10% of this initial sharp drop was due to air travel. reduction. Another study shows that the Covid-19 pandemic will only cool the planet by about 0.01 ° C by 2030. This is a small difference, but the good news is that if combined, then cut. By investing in fossil fuels, we can avoid warming of 0.3 ° C in the future by 2050. “Increased fossil fuel emissions may not be entirely the cause of the increase in methane concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere, but a reduction in fossil fuel emissions,” says chemist Ed Dlugokenski. is an important step to climate change mitigation. Reality shows that, even if people around the world decide to stay home, travel less, fly less and consume less, it’s still not a solution, because 71% more emissions since 1988 have been generated by only 100 of the world’s super companies. These are companies and the systems related to these companies need to be changed. Therefore, it will take more than one global pandemic to address the climate crisis.

While countries in turn closed their borders, scientists have broken their own borders, creating a global collaboration unlike anything that has happened in history. Never before have so many experts in many countries focused on a single topic and with such urgency, the researchers said. Nearly all other studies have to be halted. Within a few months, all of the global science was almost “COVIDed”. Photo: LG In a survey of 2,500 researchers in the US, Canada and Europe, Kyle Myers from Harvard and his team found that 32% turned their focus to pandemic. Neuroscientists studying olfaction are beginning to understand why patients with COVID-19 tend to lose their sense of smell. Physicists set out to create predictive models that inform policy-makers. Michael DL Johnson at the University of Arizona often studies copper’s toxic effects on bacteria. But knowing that nCoV existed on the copper surface for less time than other materials, he turned to investigating how vulnerable the virus might be to the metal. No disease has been so scrutinized by so many combined intelligence in such a short time. As of February 2021, the PubMed Biomedical Library listed more than 74,000 nCoV-related scientific articles – more than double those of articles on polio, measles, cholera, dengue, or other diseases. another has inflicted on mankind for centuries. Only 9,700 articles related to Ebola have been published since it was discovered in 1976. By September 2020, the prestigious New England Journal of Medicine received 30,000 nCoV-related articles – many 16,000 more than all of 2019. “All that difference is COVID-19,” said Eric Rubin, editor-in-chief of the New England Journal of Medicine. “This is an unprecedented shift in scientific priorities,” said Francis Collins, director of the US National Institutes of Health. In addition, online archives are readily available to provide research data and evidence before periodic scientific journals. Scientists identify and share dozens of viral genome sequences. More than 200 clinical trials have been launched, bringing together hospitals, laboratories and hundreds of thousands of volunteers globally. Speaking in The New York Times, Dr. Francesco Perrone, who leads a clinical trial of nCoV in Italy, said: “I have never heard genuine and excellent scientists talk about nationality. mine, your country. My language, your language. My geographic location, your geographic location. This is really far from true senior scientists. Photo: LG The New York Times revealed that one morning, University of Pittsburgh scientists discovered a weasel after exposure to COVID-19 particles developed a high fever. This is a potential step forward for vaccine testing in animals. Under normal circumstances, they would begin to review the research results with an article in an academic journal. But Professor Paul Duprex, the university’s lead virologist, shared the results with scientists around the world in just two hours, instead of spending months on an article. . A small measure of openness can be found on the servers of medRxiv and bioRxiv, two online archives that share academic data before it is published in journals. The archives are filled with thousands of coronavirus studies around the globe. Chinese researchers have contributed a considerable part to the nCoV research in this treasure. A Chinese lab announced the original virus genome in January, providing the basis for nCoV tests worldwide. Thanks to this initial genetic data, the world’s leading research institutions have based and supplemented the evidence, thereby successfully testing vaccine products with a preventive effect of up to 90% – 95%, in a time of unprecedented speed in history. By November, more than 197,000 nCoV genomes had been sequenced. Lauren Gardner, an engineering professor at Johns Hopkins University who has studied dengue and Zika, knows that the new diseases will come with a scarcity of real-time data. So she and her students created a global online map to count all COVID-19 cases and deaths. After one night’s work, they launched it on January 22. / 2020. Since then, the dashboard has been accessed daily by governments, public health agencies, the media and anxious global citizens. One of the foe-to-friend partnerships mentioned is a joint production cooperation agreement between US pharmaceutical firm J&J’s COVID-19 vaccine and leading rival Merck in March 2021. Emphasizing that the US is in a state of “national emergency” and it is time to act “drastically and boldly”, the two rivals have begun to speed up the production of vaccines, aiming to supply the country. 200 million doses in 2021, bringing America to community immunity. Photo: LG From Asia to Europe, Africa to the Americas, despite the differences in politics, culture, ethnicity, language … scientists share, cooperate, seek all vaccine solutions and remedy against viruses. Even though large, proprietary research may lead to sponsorship, promotion and reputation, scientists have left behind secret ways of working, hoarding data from competitors, to together find the light at the end of the tunnel to save all of humanity. These efforts have paid off. New diagnostic tests can detect the virus within minutes. Huge open datasets on the viral genome and cases of COVID-19 give the most detailed picture of the evolution of a disease that has never appeared in history. Along with the new discoveries revolving around, humankind is prepared with an abundance of scientific resources to be ready for the face of future pandemic. In particular, if no one dared to say anything for sure in March 2020, the positive results of a series of vaccines plus successful antiviral drug antibodies would have brought people to life. closer to the prospect of ending the pandemic. A series of countries launch a campaign to vaccinate hundreds of millions of people by 2021, with the aim of achieving the earliest community immunity, to bring the entire country back to normal as before. Borders will reopen, and laboratories and research facilities around the globe will revive again, and continue to seek solutions that will push humanity toward the future. That is the unchanging mission of science, in any historical moment.

During the move, Ki Hun and Seobok are chased by a group of agents and Seoin, the company behind the cloning project, uses it as a tool to help humanity become immortal and dominate the world.

The journey of Ki Hun and Seobok is not only a bloody chase and gunfight film as expected, but also a film that brings many philosophies about human fear, death and immortality.

The film constantly raises questions about the finite life and death faced by each human being, but a human copy does not.

Ki Hun is pained to have lived through a life full of guilt after betraying his co-worker a few years ago. However, he admits that he doesn’t want to end his life here and finds a glimmer of hope that his fatal illness can be cured with Seobok.

Seobok, a boy trapped in an immortal life, asks Ki Hun if his whole life is painful and how fearful of death he feels. While he only hopes he will be meaningful and cherished in his immortal life.

From this moment, Seobok Not merely a typical sci-fi film, but it also raises questions about people’s attitudes toward fears of death and a desire for immortality.

Although the drama is enveloped in a heavy and somber atmosphere, Gong Yoo and Park Bo Gum’s excellent chemistry through his comical lines and expressions has become a highlight of movie.

Besides, the gun fighting scenes and chasing scenes are also attractive points to help Seobok – The human clone is one of the most anticipated and worth watching movies this April.

Movie Seobok – The human clone opening in theaters nationwide from April 15, 2021.