Inspired by two classic styles-SPIPIOTT sandals (2004) and CORALLI tapered high heels (2005), CORALLI is the brand’s carefully crafted and intricately decorated shoes, a contemporary interpretation of the classic immortality, playful and delicate. On the other hand, the return of summer, women once again radiate charm!

The first model in the series is made of smooth golden leather, with a cheerful, colorful fish-shaped decoration embellished with crystals in the middle of the shoe. The second is a pair of silver leather sandals (with high heels and flat soles to choose from). The crystal coral decoration on the upper is as gorgeous as a sculpture, blending the iconic bold colors of coral.

Giuseppe Zanotti said: “The blue sea is sparkling in the sun. The tropical colors and the optimism of nature are brought to life by these two dreamy shoes. These sandals not only embody all the design styles I love — Charm, color, optimism, and gorgeous decoration are closely related to summer, especially for many girls who are ready to go in summer and become the protagonists of summer. They represent the hope and optimism that we have always shared with you.” To celebrate the series The launch of the brand once again collaborated with artist Laetitia Ky. Ky is known for his complex, ironic, and often thought-provoking hair sculptures. In this collaboration, she also created new works inspired by ocean jewellery.

“When you wear these shoes, self-confidence will continue to emerge. The rendering of colors, imagination, craftsmanship-these are all combined in a pair of super fashionable shoes.”

• Laetitia Ky

Coral reefs in the sea area of ​​Phan Rang-Thap Cham city. (Photo: Nguyen Thanh/VNA) Ninh Thuan waters have high biodiversity with hundreds of marine species of economic and conservation value. For sustainable development, the preservation of biodiversity and rational exploitation of resources from the sea has been identified by Ninh Thuan province as one of the priority tasks in the socio-economic development strategy. Rich in biodiversity potential Ninh Thuan has a coastline of more than 105km and a territorial sea of ​​over 18,000km2. According to the latest studies on biodiversity by the provincial Department of Natural Resources and Environment, in the waters of Ninh Thuan, coral reefs and the diversity of coral reef organisms are one of the most important components of the environment. Biodiversity most prominent. Scientists have recorded 6 coral reefs with an average coverage of about 42.6%. The coral reef has been identified with over 334 species belonging to 15 families, 59 varieties of reef-forming corals, of which 46 species have been newly recorded and added to the list of coral species in Vietnam. Coral reefs are home to many species of creatures, including coral reef fish with 147 species belonging to 81 genera, 32 families. Seagrass beds were also identified with 5 species distributed on the coastal bottom with an area of ​​about 341ha. Biodiversity of Ninh Thuan sea area is also shown in the record of 538 fish species, including 146 pelagic fish species, 392 benthic fish species, of which 68 fish species have high economic value. In addition, marine species include 45 species of mollusks, 24 species of crustaceans, 13 species of echinoderms, and 22 species of polychaetes. Notably, the waters of Nui Chua National Park – Ninh Thuan are currently one of the few rare areas on the mainland in Vietnam with a population of sea turtles spawning every year, including: green turtles, tortoiseshell turtles. Regeneration of aquatic resources With the potential of valuable ecosystems and biodiversity, the conservation of marine biodiversity has always been of special interest to Ninh Thuan province. Over the past time, functional branches of the province have cooperated with research institutes, universities, domestic and foreign organizations to implement many topics, projects and research programs on biodiversity. such as: upgrade database – GIS about Coral reef and coastal ecosystems; develop a program for periodic monitoring of coral reefs in Ninh Thuan; survey typical marine ecosystems in Ninh Hai and Thuan Nam districts; restore mangrove ecosystems in Nui Chua and Dam Nai sea areas to protect and create a development environment for marine species. In particular, Ninh Thuan province established a marine protected area in Nui Chua National Park with a total area of ​​7,352 hectares. Nui Chua marine conservation area includes strict protection zones, ecological restoration areas and development zones with the function of protecting endemic and rare marine species in order to regenerate aquatic resources, protect and enhance the biodiversity of local marine protected areas. Mr. Tran Van Tiep, Deputy Director of Nui Chua National Park Management Board, said that over the years, the park has coordinated with domestic and foreign scientific research units and organizations to investigate and evaluate the potential, develop data on marine resources and environment within the conservation area to serve as a basis for implementing projects on environmental protection and restoration of marine ecosystems. Currently, the Park is implementing synchronously many plans and solutions to effectively and sustainably protect sea turtle populations and their habitats and other endangered and rare aquatic species. Specifically, the Park builds and maintains strict protection zones for sea turtles at spawning grounds in the area; building a turtle conservation station, establishing volunteer groups to participate in protecting sea turtles; at the same time, build a marine life rescue area to receive, rescue, treat, raise and train turtles in captivity, catch, and ensure sufficient conditions for turtles to live on their own before being released into the environment. nature. Simultaneously, the Nui Chua National Park Management Board has promoted propaganda measures to raise awareness and knowledge of the community about the importance and value of marine biological resources. From there, creating consensus, support and active participation of local people in protecting the marine ecosystem and environment, Mr. Tran Van Tiep added. In order to protect, regenerate and develop aquatic resources, Ninh Thuan province has been implementing many measures to manage, propagate and organize fishing in the right season, using the correct net size as prescribed. exploit the right route, do not use toxic chemicals, explosives, electric pulses to exploit. At the same time, the province deducts a part of the local budget and mobilizes businesses to release millions of tiger shrimp and fingerlings into the sea to regenerate and supplement seafood resources. Particularly in 2021, Ninh Thuan has organized to release 700,000 tiger shrimp seed into the sea to regenerate aquatic resources for local waters. Improve efficiency of management and conservation Through the assessment, the conservation of marine biodiversity has been better protected by all levels and sectors, but like coastal localities in the country, Ninh Thuan’s marine biodiversity is currently under pressure. face many challenges. It is the decline of biodiversity and fishery resources, aquaculture activities, and waste that make some marine areas at risk of pollution, climate change is causing pressures. significant contribution to the conservation and development of local marine biodiversity. Seaweed covers a large coral reef in Phuoc Dinh commune (Thuan Nam district). (Photo: Nguyen Thanh/VNA) According to Chairman of the People’s Committee of Ninh Thuan province, Tran Quoc Nam, identifying biodiversity resources in general, especially marine biodiversity resources, is of great significance to socio-economic development. Every year, Ninh Thuan integrates the task of environmental protection and biodiversity conservation into the province’s general socio-economic development plan. In order to improve the efficiency of biodiversity management and conservation, the Provincial People’s Committee assigned the Department of Natural Resources and Environment to coordinate with agencies and units to periodically observe, analyze and evaluate the current state of the environment. annually and once every 5 years to create initiative for the development of orientations on environmental protection policies in the whole province. Regarding biodiversity conservation in general, marine biodiversity conservation in particular, in the coming time, Ninh Thuan will continue to develop mechanisms and policies to attract resources from the central and local governments. implementation of investment programs and projects in order to improve the operational efficiency of marine protected areas. The province promotes scientific research, basic investigation of marine resources and environment; focus on biodiversity conservation, restoration of Ecosystem , especially coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangroves, coastal protection forests. At the same time, Ninh Thuan improves its capacity to respond to marine environmental incidents, actively propagates people living in coastal areas not to discharge domestic waste and plastic waste into the sea, actively collect clean the marine environment to prevent and minimize risk factors that may affect the development of marine organisms.

Recently, the beaches in Turkey appeared a patch of mucus (sea snot), which is increasingly spreading over the water. The widespread mucus layer on the Turkish coast causes serious damage to the country’s marine life and fishermen. (Source: Reuters) Sea snot is a green mud that is formed naturally when algae are over-nutriented due to hot weather and polluted water environment. The phenomenon was first detected in Turkey in 2007 and then in the Aegean Sea near Greece. The latest outbreak in the Sea of ​​Marmara near Istanbul is believed to be the largest in history. (Source: Reuters) Experts believe that the large amount of mucus that has appeared recently is due to a combination of environmental pollution and global warming, which accelerates the growth of algae that cause the slime. Meanwhile, President Erdogan said that the problem of untreated sewage being discharged directly into the sea was the cause of this outbreak of marine mucus. (Source: Reuters) When algae grow out of control in the spring, as we’ve seen this year, they block sunlight and cause declines, says biology professor at Istanbul University Muharrem Balci. oxygen for fish and marine life. (Source: Reuters) This mucous membrane covers the sea surface like a canvas. After a while, they sink, covering the seabed ecosystem and harming many species of creatures. When this process is over, they will appear to smell like a spoiled egg. This phenomenon can cause poisoning to sea clams and creatures such as crabs. (Source: Reuters) Professor Bayram Ozturk of the Turkish Marine Research Agency said that due to the overgrowth of the mucus layer, several species are endangered, including oysters, mussels and starfish. “This is a real disaster,” he said. (Source: Reuters) According to environmental engineer Cevahir Efe Akcelik, mucus could cover the sea during the summer if authorities do not take urgent measures. Studies show that mucus stays not only on the surface but also at depths between 25-30 meters. (Source: Reuters) Divers report that large numbers of fish and other species in the affected area are being wiped out by suffocation. This phenomenon has a significant impact on the lives of fishermen. Boats passing through the Sea of ​​Marmara had to navigate through the gray mud, while some fishermen were unable to fish because the mud clogs their engines and nets. (Source: Reuters) Mehmet Soyolcu (43 years old), a fourth generation fisherman in the Sea of ​​Marmara, said that in the past, it took two hours to pull a fishing net at sea, but now it takes ten hours, not counting the cost of fuel. materials and other operating costs. Every day, the operating costs are getting higher and higher, and the fish are less and less. (Source: Reuters) Some fishermen will raise prices to cover their losses, but that won’t help either because people fear the seawater might contaminate the fish in Marmara. At the fish market, more and more customers avoid buying fish and seafood since information about the mucus layer appeared. This makes the fishermen lose income from fishing, life becomes more difficult. (Source: Reuters) Istanbul, Turkey’s largest city with about 16 million inhabitants, and five other provinces, factories and industrial centers border the sea. As a result, this outbreak has had a severe impact on the ecosystem and fisheries in the region. (Source: Reuters) The Sea of ​​Marmara is a sea that stretches 281 km from the Northeast to the Southwest and is 80 km wide at its widest. This sea is connected to the Black Sea through the Bosphorus, also known as the Istanbul Strait in the Northeast. President Erdogan fears the problem will be very serious if the mucus spreads to the Black Sea. (Source: Reuters) The Turkish government has deployed a team of experts to examine the source of pollution in the sea. Workers are now trying to use nets to remove mucus, but their efforts have so far been largely ineffective. (Source: Reuters) Not only around the Sea of ​​Marmara, but the adjacent Black Sea and Aegean Sea regions were also affected by this mucus outbreak. (according to Reuters)

In addition, scientists have also been looking for more efficient ways to degrade plastics, hoping to deal with the generated plastic waste faster. Another very important method to treat plastic pollution is bioremediation. Bioremediation refers to the use of natural organisms to remove or neutralize pollutants. Among them, the most environmentally friendly and most promising method for plastic pollution control is the use of microbial degradation methods. Microbial degradation of plastics refers to the chemical reaction process that catalyzes the cracking of polymer bonds into monomers through some unique enzymes in microorganisms, which is a chemical reaction process that accelerates the degradation of plastics. Since plastics usually take a long time to degrade, the enzymatic catalysis can greatly reduce the time that plastics stay in nature and reduce the damage of plastics to the ecological environment. And just recently, a team from the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences found a flora in the ocean that can effectively degrade two common plastics: PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PE (Polyethylene) plastic. The research team also published this scientific achievement in the recent publication of JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. The results of this research are of great significance for the treatment of plastic waste. Because PET and PE plastics account for 46.5% of all plastic waste in the world, it can be said that finding a way to treat PET and PE plastics will find a way to treat nearly half of plastic pollution. PET plastic is one of the very common plastics. We can not only find it in beverage bottles, but also often see it in electrical products, automotive products, and daily life. PE (polyethylene) plastic is one of the five major synthetic resins. It is also the variety with the largest production capacity and the largest import volume among synthetic resins in China. It is often used to manufacture films, coatings and other products. What’s more troublesome is that both PET and PE compounds have many properties that are difficult to biodegrade, such as long hydrocarbon chains, high molecular weight, high tensile strength, low air permeability, and durability against physical and chemical degradation. For the degradation of PET plastic, scientists have previously discovered that cutinase, lipase, and esterase can effectively catalyze the degradation process of PET plastic. However, in current scientific research, there are relatively few discoveries about the degradation of PE plastics. Although people have found that PE plastics have great potential for degradation by co-cultivating PE plastics with specific microorganisms in the laboratory, At present, the known degradation methods of PE plastic by a single strain or a single enzyme are too low in efficiency to meet the needs of industrial applications. Therefore, in this study, the research team of the Institute of Oceanology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences targeted the degradation of microbial communities, that is, under the synergistic effect of a combination of multiple microbial species, the degradation efficiency of plastics is likely to be greatly improved. (Source: Internet) This discovery was led by Sun Chaomin, a researcher at the Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Since 2016, this team has been analyzing and screening thousands of samples of marine plastic waste collected from the coastal waters of Qingdao. These samples contain several Hundreds of plastic wastes. After unremitting screening and analysis, they found that a marine bacterial community can effectively colonize and degrade polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polyethylene (PE), and in an environment containing plastic waste, This bacterial community has better growth ability instead. Researchers speculate that this is because the energy required for the survival of this bacterial community is obtained by degrading PET plastic and PE plastic. Next, in order to specifically find out which bacteria in the bacterial community played a role in the degradation of PET plastic and PE plastic, the researchers quantitatively analyzed the composition and abundance of this bacterial community and found that there are Five kinds of bacteria have a stronger survival advantage in the culture medium of plastic waste. Then, through bacterial culture scientific researchers successfully obtained pure culture strains of the above five types of bacteria, and further investigation found that three of them have significantly stronger plastic degradation ability. In order to further study how these three strains can work together to exert a synergistic effect and how to most effectively degrade plastics, researchers will compound the three strains in different proportions and conduct a comparative analysis. In the end, this scientific research team successfully established a stable marine bacterial community that can effectively degrade PET and PE plastics. Researchers also continue to use liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to prove the effective degradation of the established flora for the degradation of PET plastic and PE plastic. This research not only found the microbial populations that can degrade nearly half of the plastic waste in the world, but also gave important suggestions for the industrialization of plastic waste biodegradation from a biological and mechanical point of view, which is a path for the biodegradation of plastic waste. Important milestones. -End-

Sea turtles are wrapped around a plastic net. Blue sea cries for help Sea pollution is happening more and more seriously! That is the affirmation of many domestic and foreign environmental experts and organizations. In Vietnam, for many years now, due to waste from human activities, marine pollution has been clearly noticed. According to estimates by scientists, 80% of the waste entering the sea comes from activities on land. Vietnam has 112 estuaries, which is the source for garbage to drift into the ocean. Many creatures mistake garbage for food or get caught between fishing gear leading to habitat destruction. Data from the United Nations Environment Program announced in 2018, each year Vietnam discharges 0.28 to 0.73 million tons of plastic waste into the ocean (accounting for 6% of the world), ranking fourth in the world. A huge amount of garbage is dumped from the mainland to the sea every day by many different routes. Many coastal estuaries have been polluted by industrial and urban wastewater. In many coastal provinces, the discharge of untreated or untreated wastes has not met the standards, causing great economic losses, life and livelihoods of coastal communities and unpredictable damages. for marine ecosystems. However, this situation is not only happening in Vietnam. On a larger scale, marine environments around the globe are on red alert. The biggest danger comes from the huge amount of plastic waste that is floating day and night on the ocean currents. Although warnings about plastic pollution are continuously raised to a higher level, although countries have been trying to solve the problem from plastic waste and recycling, it is difficult to solve the problem on the basis of an early mooth afternoon. In fact, plastic waste has been slowly accumulating in the marine and ocean environment since the 1960s, to the point where we have huge mountains of plastic floating in the ocean and other plastic waste drifting across the oceans. Beautiful clean beaches in the world. There are an estimated 580,000 different sized pieces of plastic per square kilometer, with more than 8 million tons of plastic waste entering the oceans each year. The amount of plastic from waste can release harmful chemicals that seep into the surrounding soil, which can then seep into groundwater or other surrounding water sources and the world’s ecosystems. This can seriously harm water-drinking species, including marine and terrestrial creatures, including humans. Environmental activists have warned that there could be more plastic waste than fish in the oceans by 2050. Globally, it is estimated that more than 100 million marine animals are killed each year by plastic waste. . Black sewage discharged into a sea. Return the roof to sea creatures According to statistics of the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, marine pollution in recent years has caused many marine species to plummet in number, some species have become locally extinct. Up to 236 rare and precious aquatic species are threatened at different levels, of which more than 70 marine species have been listed in the Red Book of Vietnam. The exploited seafood resources are increasingly depleted in both quantity and quality. Fish stocks have declined from 4 million tons in 1990 to 3 million tons today. The average fish size and species diversity also decreased significantly. What is heartbreaking in the consequences of pollution is the disappearance of populations of turtles in the water. Vietnam has five of the seven species of turtles in the world. These are snail, tortoiseshell, hawksbill turtle, leatherback turtle, and pineapple tortoiseshell, all five species are currently included in the Vietnam Red Book. Many species are almost extinct. Previously, sea turtles were distributed mostly in the seas of our country with high density. Looking at the information box about sea turtle species, we can see that all five species of sea turtles in Vietnam are now in a significant decline in numbers. During the period from 2008 to 2013, only one leatherback turtle was recorded on Cat Dai beach in Cam Lam district (Khanh Hoa province) and Hai Lang (Quang Tri province) in 2013. In other localities There have been leatherback turtles to lay eggs like Quang Ngai, Binh Dinh, Phu Yen… there is absolutely no trace of leatherback turtles coming ashore to lay eggs. Expanding to Southeast Asia and the world, quite a few marine animals are in danger of extinction. Photographs taken by photographers around the world show the dire plight of many creatures in response to the onslaught of garbage. The fishes are wrapped around the body with nylon rope. Dead fish in a plastic soda bottle. The long-snouted fish was starved to death by a rubber band wrapped around its snout. Sea turtles swallow plastic foam until their intestines are blocked. Many of them died with a large amount of plastic in their stomachs. In June 2018, a whale was found on Songkhla beach, southern Thailand, choking to death with 80 pieces of plastic garbage weighing 8 kg in its stomach. Around the same time, a green turtle was found dead in Chanthaburi, Thailand, with plastic debris from fishing gear, rubber bands and other marine debris in its stomach. In 2016, a Sei whale and a Baleen whale were found on a beach in the southern Malaysian state of Johor. The photos and stories that bring tears to the viewer’s eyes as a shock to human conscience: Live well and let the creatures have “living land”. It is the irresponsibility, lack of consciousness and greed of mankind that have contributed to climate change, global warming, and creatures being hunted and destroyed. The ocean here and there changes color, only a dull brown color thanks to the secretion of plastic waste, sewage… And where is it only marine life that is destroyed by humans? Sea life is gradually worn down by the pollution of the ocean, causing people’s lives to be turned upside down, poisoned, and reduced quality of life. Back to the story in Vietnam, in order to conserve endemic, precious and rare aquatic species, the State has issued many policies to protect aquatic resources as well as conservation and regeneration of aquatic species. , valuable assets such as: Law on Fisheries 2017; Decision No. 742 in 2010 on planning and setting up 16 marine protected areas; Decision 1479 in 2008 on planning and setting up 45 inland aquatic conservation zones; Decree No. 33/2010 on management of fishing activities; Circular 19/2018 guiding the protection and development of aquatic resources… The most recent is Decree No. 26/2019/ND-CP detailing a number of articles and measures to implement the Fisheries Law 2017, including content on management of endangered and rare aquatic species… People’s habits, from daily living habits to making a living, fishing with fishery exist a lot of ugly behaviors, thinking only of their own benefits but casually destroying the surrounding environment. However, in parallel with the regulations applied in life, there is also a need for a “big surgery” in people’s awareness. It is a change of perception by practical, thorough and effective propaganda. That is the practical action of young people when carrying out environmental protection projects, from picking up beach trash, exchanging trash for trees, beach trash projects… Every small change turns into a big change. If each person is subject to positive change, the environment and life will be more positive and greener. We have a big roof to live in, so do creatures. Change and action is to protect the roof for people, aquatic creatures and onshore.

Climate change is one of the main causes of extinctions worldwide. 5 mass extinctions Dinosaurs became extinct in the Jurassic, more than 200 million years ago. * Ordovician-Silurian Extinction: About 440 million years ago The first mass extinction on Earth occurred at a time when organisms such as corals and shellfish filled the world’s shallow waters but had yet to venture to land. Life itself has begun to spread and diversify, first appearing around 3.7 billion years ago. But about 440 million years ago, a climate change caused sea temperatures to shift, and much of the life in the ocean died out. At the end of the Ordovician, mass glaciations covered the southern supercontinent, Gondwana. According to a study published in the journal Oceanology, glaciation on this scale has stripped away high proportions of the world’s water and dramatically lowered global sea levels, depriving the world of vital habitats. species, destroying the food chain and reducing fertility, according to a study published in the journal Oceanology. However, not all scientists agree with this. According to National Geographic, other theories suggest that the toxic metal may have dissolved into seawater during periods of oxygen depletion, wiping out marine life. Other scientists suggest that a gamma-ray burst from a supernova ripped through a giant hole in the ozone layer, allowing deadly ultraviolet radiation to kill life below. According to APS News, there is a Another theory is that volcanoes are the cause. * Late Devonian Extinction: Over 365 million years ago The Devonian period witnessed the rise and fall of many prehistoric marine species. Although by this time animals had already begun to evolve on land, most of life was swimming through the oceans. Until vascular plants, such as trees and flowers, have the potential to cause a second mass extinction. According to the BBC, as plants develop roots, they inadvertently transform the land they inhabit, turning rocks and rubble into soil. This nutrient-rich soil then runs into the world’s oceans, causing algae to bloom on a massive scale. These blooms essentially created giant “dead zones,” areas where algae take oxygen from the water, suffocating marine life and wreaking havoc on the marine food chain. Species that could not adapt to reduced oxygen levels and lack of food died. However, this theory is still being debated, and some scientists believe that volcanic eruptions are responsible for the drop in oxygen levels in the ocean, according to a study in the journal Geology. A species of sea monster that has been wiped out from the world’s oceans is the 10 m long armored fish called Dunkleosteus . * Permian-Triassic extinction: ~253 million years ago This extinction event is the largest event that has ever occurred on Earth. It wiped out about 90% of all species on the planet and wiped out the reptiles, insects and amphibians that roamed the land. What caused this catastrophic event was a period of rampant volcanism. According to the Sam Noble Museum in Oklahoma, in the ocean, rising levels of carbon dioxide dissolve into the water, poisoning marine organisms and depriving them of their oxygen-rich water. Rising sea temperatures also reduce oxygen levels in the water. Corals are one of the hardest hit groups of marine life – it takes 14 million years for oceanic reefs to rebuild as they once were. * Triassic-Jurassic Extinction: About 201 million years ago The Triassic period was the time when dinosaurs began to inhabit the world. Unfortunately, many volcanoes were also erupting at that time. While it’s still not clear exactly why this fourth mass extinction occurred, scientists suggest that massive volcanic activity occurred in an area of ​​the world now covered by the Atlantic Ocean. cover . Similar to the Permian extinction, volcanoes released huge amounts of carbon dioxide, causing climate change and devastating life on Earth. Global temperatures rise, ice melt, sea levels rise and acidification. As a result, many marine and terrestrial species became extinct; These include large prehistoric crocodiles and several species of flying pterosaurs. All dinosaurs were killed in the fifth mass extinction. Scientists estimate that many species that can fly, burrow or dive into the depths of the ocean survive. For instance, the only true descendants of dinosaurs living today are modern-day birds – more than 10,000 species are thought to have descended from survivors. Is the 6th going? According to The Conversation, scientists define a mass extinction when about three-quarters of species die out in a short geological time, i.e. less than 2.8 million years. Currently, humans are in the early stages of the latest mass extinction, which is happening much faster than any other species. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), since 1970, populations of vertebrate species have decreased by an average of 68% and now more than 35,000 species are considered threatened with extinction. During the 20th century, as many as 543 species of terrestrial vertebrates became extinct, according to a research paper in the journal PNAS. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution in 1760, humans have been a major factor in Earth’s current environmental crisis. From greenhouse gas emissions and ozone depletion to deforestation, plastic piling and the illegal animal trade, humans have been proactively depriving the world of some species and threatening many others. Ecotourism is an industry that drives conservation efforts around the world, but it is on the verge of collapse since global travel restrictions were introduced. Without tourist income, conservationists are having a hard time protecting vulnerable species from poaching, while the COVID-19 pandemic is intensifying. The New York Times reported. Rhinos in Botswana, feral cats in South America and tigers in India have all been targeted in the past year. In the context of the current pandemic, the wildlife market has become the focus of attention for not only being environmentally irresponsible but also potentially endangering human health through infectious diseases. from animals to humans – such as the COVID-19 pandemic. These markets, which trade in live exotic animals or products derived from them, are found all over the world. For example, bear farms in Asia trap 20,000 Asian black bears for bile, leading to a decline in wild populations. Another potential solution to combat extinction could be the cloning of species. In February 2021, scientists revealed they had successfully cloned a black-footed ferret from an animal that died more than 30 years ago. Native to North America, these small mammals were thought to be extinct until a small colony was found in the early 1980s, where they were engaged in breeding and reintroduction programs. across America. The cloning process is similar to that of Dolly the sheep in the early 1990s.

The Perpetual Coral Cemetery is part of the restoration and restoration of the marine environment. “As soon as I received his ashes from the crematorium, I suddenly thought about what it would be like to let him lie on the bottom of his favorite ocean, becoming a beautiful part of the ocean ecosystem,” recalls Brawley. Efforts to save corals Eternal Reefs is a funeral company based in Florida (USA). It is famous for the most “beautiful” burial method, which contributes to the regeneration of the marine ecosystem. The beginning of Eternal Reefs is quite simple. In the late 1980s, a pair of scuba diving friends, Don Brawley and Todd Barber, of the University of Georgia noticed that coral reefs were deteriorating. They decided to do something to stop the decline and quickly recover. After much discussion and design, Brawley and Barber were satisfied with the initiative of Reef balls. They use natural materials that both have good cohesion and attract marine life, molded into an upside-down, hollow bowl shape, with many circular holes all around. These holes allow water to pass through, avoiding being knocked over by the waves and allowing animals to get in and out. A bowl of coral can weigh from 800 – 4,000 pounds (360 – 1,800kg), sink and settle on the seabed forever. Its structure acts as a home for small animals, immediately attracting them to swim in. After just a few weeks, the artificially implanted coral tissues on the surface of the bowl grew, turning the bare bowl frame into a lively, eye-catching cluster of coral. Sea creatures flock to each other, forming diverse natural habitats. Immediately after its introduction, the coral bowl has become the most effective solution to save the ocean ecosystem. As of 2020, more than 70 countries have applied it to about 5,000 marine restoration projects, placing over 750,000 bowls across the ocean. Perfect submerged cemetery Family members are encouraged to make their own bowls of coral reefs. In early 1998, Brawley’s father-in-law, Carleton “Petey” Glen Palmer, died. During his life, Palmer was extremely fond of the sea, always wishing after death to still see the ocean floor. “Spray my ashes into the sea, where there are plenty of snapper and grouper,” he left a testament to Brawley. While sitting in memory of his father-in-law in front of the urn recently received from the crematorium, Brawley suddenly had a strange idea. That is to mix the ashes with the coral bowl casting mixture and start immediately. On May 1, 1998, Brawley buried his father-in-law and nine pioneers with a bowl of coral in Sarasota Beach, Florida. The first human ashes coral cemetery was born, after only a few months, it became a beautiful part of the underwater landscape. Or believe, sea lovers race to enjoy diving. Former marines, marine environmentalists, fishermen, divers, etc. who are about to be “near land far from heaven” warmly welcome Eternal Reefs. The sea grave coral bowl quickly became popular. Eternal Reefs allows and encourages bereaved families to participate in the process of making coral bowls, carving tombstones, launching… The location of the sea grave coral bowl is the reef area that has been designated for ecological restoration. In addition to the burial coral bowls, ordinary coral bowls are also placed, serving the regeneration of the marine environment. “2nd Life” After only a few months, the bowl of sea coral has turned into a home for a large number of sea creatures. On average each year, Eternal Reefs contributes 120 – 150 bowls of sea coral in thousands of artificial coral bowls. Depending on the size, the cost for a bowl of sea grave coral ranges from 4,000 – 7,500 USD (about 91 – 170 million VND). Eternal Reefs does not limit the number of ashes in a bowl of coral, so the bereaved can choose to bury one or more people. They are also allowed to attach memorial objects to the coral bowl, but must ensure that it is environmentally friendly. During the process of bringing the bowl of coral to the sea and launching it, the bereaved family can combine a farewell ceremony. Once placed on the seabed, the bowl of sea coral will stay in place forever. Relatives of the deceased have the right to visit, but are not allowed to move or collect. In recent years, in addition to those who work in the sea-related industry, Eternal Reefs also welcomes many other customers. Among these, there are many people who are parents who have met the fate of “silver-headed and green-headed”. They are too pitiful, want their lost child to have a second life and find salvation in the bowl of coral reefs. Compared with 750,000 bowls of artificial coral placed all over the seabed, the bowl of sea grave coral only accounts for a small number. However, Brawley believes it will make a big difference in burial customs around the world. In fact, the world is filled with more and more people who don’t want to rest in traditional ways. With the exception of marine grave coral bowls, many other ecological burial methods have also captured the attention. For example, composting corpses into soil, hydrolysis, releasing ashes into space…

Christian Sommer is an extremely hardworking student, so even while on vacation with his girlfriend, this guy doesn’t neglect his studies. For his studies, he dived into the azure waters under the cliffs of Portofino to learn about the marine life here and found a small jellyfish – Turritopsis nutricula (lighthouse jellyfish). This jellyfish is only four to five mm in size, the whole body is transparent, in the middle of their body is a red digestive system like a lamp, so it is called a lighthouse jellyfish. Although lighthouse jellyfish have a very beautiful appearance, due to their small size, people often do not see or notice them. Immediately after observing and discovering, Sommer collected them in a thin mesh bag and placed them in a container of seawater in the hope of bringing them to the refrigerator and turning them into specimens. But that day was a weekend, on the beach there were many interesting games and because of a bit of playing, Christian Sommer forgot to put them in the refrigerator as originally planned. It was not until the next day that Christian Sommer remembered what he had forgotten. When he found the barrel, he took it out to look, but when he looked closely many times, Sommer found nothing inside the net bag but sea water. So what happened? Even though lighthouse jellyfish are so small they can still be seen with the naked eye, why do they completely disappear in just one? Still not believing his eyes, Sommer checked the container a few more times, this time even more surprised, at the bottom of the container there were many tiny things, almost invisible. can see. After many observations and analysis, Sommer realized that these were exactly the polyps of lighthouse jellyfish. Why did Sommer feel so surprised? In fact, lighthouse jellyfish are a species of hydrophyte, and they have two different developmental stages in their life cycle: a polyp (hydroid) stage and a jellyfish development stage. Adult jellyfish will lay eggs and are fertilized in water, after which they retain the fertilized eggs in the female jellyfish until they develop into planula larvae. These planula larvae can swim freely like worms or float under the sea and then sink to the sea floor to form digestive systems and reproduce asexually into polyps; After asexual reproduction is budding, the polyps slowly develop into adult jellyfish and begin a new life cycle. Usually a jellyfish life cycle lasts a few weeks to several months, and they die after laying eggs. But now, the fact that these jellyfish lay eggs, fertilize, become larvae, mature and then turn into polyps within a few days is what makes Sommer extremely surprised. This means that these jellyfish have not disappeared, instead they are rejuvenated like a full-blown rejuvenation. Further research has found that not all lighthouse jellyfish will rejuvenate, their life cycle will still proceed normally. However, when faced with certain adverse conditions such as food scarcity, water temperature changes, sea water decrease in salinity or physical damage and many other adversities, they will fend for themselves. rejuvenate, turn into polyps and begin their life cycle once more. Theoretically, lighthouse jellyfish can reverse its life cycle continuously without limit of times, so it can be said that lighthouse jellyfish is an immortal life form and is also the only species in the world that can such a mechanism of life. Moreover, each time this rejuvenation process is performed, the lighthouse jellyfish can separate into hundreds of different polyps, which means that the current lighthouse jellyfish have “aged” very much. , may even exceed several thousand years old. Therefore, this species is also considered the longest living organism on the planet, if not completely immortal. It is widely believed that lighthouse jellyfish appeared during the Cretaceous period, and if so, lighthouse jellyfish in the ocean have lived for more than 100 million years. The lighthouse jellyfish is actually an invasive species, it originated in the Pacific Ocean and is thought to colonize oceans around the world through ballast water. Due to its small size, and not causing too many adverse reactions to the ecosystem, few people notice its invasiveness.

Virtual life and death! Recently on many travel forums, the story of a tourist posting photos of starfish dying dry due to being taken ashore to take pictures of “virtual life” in Rach Vem, Phu Quoc has attracted a lot of attention. Most of the comments are outraged by the ignorant actions of some young people that lead to the undue death of the marine species that is the symbol of this sea. Getting starfish ashore has become a “habit” of some tourists. On websites, many accounts constantly share check-in pictures of celebrities who use starfish as virtual living tools without knowing that just a few dozen seconds from the water surface, the starfish will die now. Prof. Dr. Do Cong Thung, Chairman of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Marine Resources and Environment, said that starfish breathe through the legs and papillae (tiny particles spread all over the body). These tubular legs and papillae are equipped with a very thin layer of tissue, allowing gases to pass easily, whether inhaling oxygen (O2) or exhaling carbon dioxide (CO2), in a process known as is diffuse. Unlike fish with only two gills, the starfish is covered with papillae throughout the body. In other words, their “noses” or “gills” are scattered all over the body surface. When not in water, starfish not only cannot absorb the necessary oxygen. Therefore, they cannot remove carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide (CO) from the body. This leads to carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide poisoning and causes death. Most starfish can only hold their breath for less than 30 seconds. Sea stars, sea cucumbers and corals, are naturally born with fragile, fragile creatures. Just a light touch can hurt them. The act of bringing them out of the water is a brutal act of killing this endemic aquatic species. “When taken out of the water, starfish will die within about a minute. The act of catching starfish out of the water to take pictures is very dangerous. It threatens the life of this species. Beaches with starfish need to give warnings, otherwise starfish species will be in danger of scarcity and extinction, losing the value of marine habitat “, Prof.Dr Do Cong Thung said. And Mr. Nguyen Linh Ngoc, a marine conservation expert in Phu Quoc, said that many tourists take starfish out of the water to take pictures, then drop them right away. But when left in the sun on the shore, they die quickly. Starfish have no economic value like sea cucumber or seahorse. Starfish are normal seafood objects. It is not an ecological indicator animal of little scientific value. It is a crustacean that no one eats because it doesn’t have meat. Tourists like mainly the shape it looks like a star. In terms of marine conservation, there is also no regulation prohibiting the exploitation of starfish because this species is not included in the conservation list. But starfish create beautiful scenery for the marine environment, attracting huge visitors. Therefore, the protection of starfish mainly depends on the awareness of visitors as well as reminders of the resorts. An important role in the ecosystem Vietnam has 60 different species of starfish distributed along the coast from North to South, Nha Trang Bay alone has discovered 20 species belonging to 16 genera, 11 families and 4 orders. In Cat Ba, Hai Phong, a starfish beach with an area of ​​up to 5 hectares is home to shallow trench starfish and deep-trench starfish with a high density of about 20 individuals / m2. Starfish food is fish, snails, clams, squid, shrimp and other molluscs. Some starfish species have the ability to turn their stomachs out to cover large foods and then digest themselves outside of their bodies. Vietnam has species such as starfish, blue starfish, pillow starfish, crunchy starfish … Each different species has a certain role, contributing to the general ecosystem, especially creating continuity in the chain. Food that once this food chain is destroyed will have a little or no impact on an entire ecosystem. Mr. Le Chien, Head of Sasa Marine Life Rescue Center, said that touching, holding, touching and catching starfish and sea creatures ashore is extremely offensive. It is being strongly condemned in many countries around the world. When people touch marine organisms, bacteria and chemicals from sunscreen, soap … on their hands can attack directly on their soft tissue. Organisms that have never been exposed and that do not have immune systems to bacteria from humans will be severely affected, even if they may not die immediately. In addition, starfish are only capable of sun exposure for a certain period of time, so bringing them ashore is extremely dangerous. In addition, not all marine life is harmless to humans. If you touch the wrong starfish species, people can be burned, shocked and killed. Not to mention there are many other toxic species such as snail. This job is also playing with their lives and loved ones. Prof.Dr Do Cong Thung said, starfish is a key species (keystone species) in the ecosystem. They are omnivores that feed mainly on scavengers, molluscs, small fish, algae or organic residues. There are more than 1,900 species of starfish around the world, living in all depths of the oceans. They play a very important role in the organic circulation, operating the ecosystem in which they exist. Therefore, the absence or degradation of starfish can lead to the collapse of the marine ecosystem.

Feng Shui Phung Gia shares: In addition to the date and year of birth, the month of birth also contains many mysterious elements of each person’s life since birth. Scientific statisticians have found that a person’s birth month affects a person’s attitude to career choices and quality of life. According to Feng Shui, those born from 5/5 to 8/8 of the solar calendar will belong to the handicap: 1. People with a disability of Thuy, if they regularly go swimming, raise fish in the house, will stimulate the supply of fortune, the chance of success will be more prosperous. 2. People with disabilities Thuy need to decorate the living space and the working environment around them with lots of blue, white, silver or black colors that will help you to improve very well. 3. People with a disability are more likely to prefer Oriental medicine than Western medicine. 4. People with a disability of Thuy need to go north every year. 5. People with disabilities Thuy need to connect a strong relationship with the word “Tý”, for example to associate with friends of the year of the Rat, on the Rat of the Rat, … 6. People with a disability Thuy should choose friends and business partners who are born from December 5 to January 5. This will bring you a lot of luck, together to develop. 7. In terms of housing feng shui, people with a handicap Thuy should live in a house with a very large bathroom, this will bring good prosperity to you. 8. People with disabilities Thuy should not eat chocolate and fried foods because they have a lot of fire. If you like sweet, you can eat black sesame candy. 9. People with disabilities Thuy should love and cherish marine creatures. 10. Always carry a bottle of mineral water with you. Those with a disability of Thuy need Thuy all his life to wish to be reformed. * Information is for reference only

Montauk is named for the tribe that calls it home https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ Although known as Montauk, the land was actually first occupied by the Montaukett tribe – this is where the town’s present name comes from. The first settlers arrived in the area in 1648 and it took almost two decades before the land could be purchased. Views of the ocean are endless https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ The Montauk lighthouse is known for its presence on the East Coast as a literal beacon because it remains active and emits a flashing light after five seconds that can be seen for 19 knots. However, for those with a chance to climb all of its 137 iron steps, the view from a height of more than 100 feet (more than 30 meters) on the slopes is unbelievable. A storm once separated Montauk from the rest of the United States https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ When driving to Montauk, it’s easy to believe how this might happen. With such an isolated place, there are many paths in and out of Montauk. It is a two-lane road surrounded by trees and sand dunes on both sides. During Hurricane Carol that hit New England in 1954, the road and surrounding land leading to Montauk were completely submerged, temporarily becoming its own island. One of its buildings is 200 years old and that is not the lighthouse https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ While the lighthouse itself was built by order of George Washington, it is not the oldest structure in Montauk since the lighthouse was built until 1796. The oldest structure is actually called. It is a second home and is used as a home for shepherds to look after livestock on the grasslands of the area. “The fishing capital of the world” https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ According to Housely, Montauk is also known as the “fishing capital of the world” because there are so many giant fish species caught on its shores. In fact, the catch here is very good. It is also known to be the largest fishing fleet in the entire state. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/

Bai Chay Beach – the tourist destination of Quang Ninh. Quang Ninh currently has about 500 cruise ships operating on Ha Long Bay, of which nearly 200 ships stay overnight. All ships meet the high standards and requirements of the province in terms of quality and design, 30% of which are steel hull ships. Sightseeing and relaxation on Ha Long Bay is one of the traditional forms of tourism, always attracting a large number of tourists to the Mines. Foreseeing that trend, many businesses continue to invest in the cruise ship system to promptly serve the needs of tourists. After more than 1 year of building, Ho Thien 99 QN-9998 (Tung Van Tourism Co., Ltd.) has just completed the final procedures to be licensed to operate on Ha Long Bay. Mr. Ngo Thanh Tung, ship owner said: For many years doing business in tourism on Ha Long Bay, I realize that this is a land of great potential. The government here is very conducive to mechanisms and policies for businesses, especially in the field of tourism and services. Therefore, I continue to invest in this ship, with a higher quality than the normal sightseeing boat, to put it into operation. Along with the facilities for sightseeing and resorting on Ha Long Bay, taking advantage of the available location, in recent years, tourism facilities in general, island tourism in particular in Quang Ninh. more and more completed, has a great attraction to domestic and foreign tourists. In the coastal areas of Ha Long, Van Don, Co To, many 4-5 star hotels, shophouse system, condotel apartments, luxury resorts, restaurants … construction synchronous. Thanks to that, not only timely serving the high demand of tourists, especially during the peak occasions of holidays, Tet, but also creating a unique, new, luxurious, classy appearance for Quang Ninh tourism. Besides the tourist center of Ha Long City, Heritage, World Natural Wonders Ha Long Bay, Quang Ninh owns many beautiful islands, attracting tourists. Two high-quality island and sea eco-tourism centers in the future being invested and built are Van Don and Co To. Along with the beautiful poetic and fairy scene, there are many beautiful beaches such as Quan Lan, Minh Chau, Ngoc Vung, Van Chay, Hong Van, Thanh Lan, Co To con … Many new tourism products and forms have gradually been formed on island routes, with priority given to the development of high-class and unique tourism products and marine services suitable for resort tourism. As one of the island communes that always have a large number of tourists every weekend, holiday, Quan Lan commune (Van Don district) now seems to be wearing a new shirt. The inter-village roads were embellished and expanded, hotels and restaurants were built synchronously, meeting the increasing demands of tourists. Mr. Hoang Huy Sam, Vice Chairman of People’s Committee of Quan Lan Commune, said: The commune requires businesses and households providing restaurant and hotel services in the area, in addition to developing services, to ensure the following factors. on environment, preventing epidemics for sustainable development. The commune focuses on embellishing the face, village roads and alleys, encouraging businesses and household businesses to invest in many tourism products to keep tourists longer on the island. With the available favors about nature, waters, and waters, Quang Ninh is promoting this advantage very well. In the future, Quang Ninh continues to have orientations, planning, exploiting, aiming to become a domestic and regional classy island tourism center.

Not only sunscreen, today’s cosmetic world is becoming extremely diverse with a multitude of sunscreen spray products, powder, tablets … to help protect the skin more convenient and effective. Recently, the bar-shaped sunscreen wax continues to become a new trend when it appears in many photos or videos of beauty-loving girls. What is the reason it is loved? Simple and convenient usage The waxy texture is what makes up most of this line of sun protection products. Specifically, it makes the application step faster and easier. There is no need to pour the product into your hands and then apply it to your skin, the sunscreen wax shortens these steps into a single step: apply the product directly to the face. This method of use will also make it simpler to reapply sunscreen during the day, no product sticking to hands or clothes. Easy to carry around every day Sunscreen wax meets every girl’s requirement for convenience. Its compact design fits in the palm of the hand making it easily fit in any bag. The waxy texture also completely eliminates the risk of the product melting in the bag. Innisfree City Vacance Sun Stick SPF50 + / PA ++++ has a relatively wide wax surface, suitable for use on the face and neck area. Does not feel greasy Unlike cream-based and milk-based sunscreens, stick sunscreens give a dry feeling, leaving no greasy feeling on the skin. You do not need to wait for the product to penetrate all but can still be applied in many layers, saving a lot of time in the morning. JM Solution Marine Luminous Pearl Sun Stick SPF 50+ PA ++++ is extracted from seaweed and pearls to effectively protect against sun and whiten. Fast absorbent wax, not greasy, does not lift skin tone, especially anti-drift when the skin spills oil, sweat. Limit product getting into eyes The problem of sunscreen that can accidentally get into your eyes causes a burning, uncomfortable feeling can completely be solved with sunscreen wax. Its concentrated wax formula allows you to apply the product exactly to the areas of skin that are needed, and the thick and difficult to melt waxy substance helps the eye area to be protected safely. The Saem Eco Earth Power Clear Sun Stick contains plant extracts and natural oils with a vitamin complex to help prevent environmental damage such as sun, wind, pollution, dust … The special feature of AHC Natural Perfection Fresh Sun Stick is the UV Alarm Feature system (UV sensor) integrated in the ingot lid. When the product is placed in the sun, the bar cap will show more or less UV rays by turning a purple-blue color. Darker colors mean more UV rays in the sun. Posts: Pure sound

Venice, Italy known as “floating city” because it was built on many small islands in the Venetian Lagoon area along the Adriatic Sea. The city is home to more than 260,000 people. With Padova, Venezia is located in the Padova-Venezia urban area with a population of 1.6 million people. The city’s economy is mainly based on tourism, shipbuilding (mainly in Mestre and Porto Marghera), services, trade and industrial exports. Image: Reuters . Istanbul, Turkey , is the largest city in the country with a population of more than 14 million people. Istanbul is also one of the largest cities in Europe. City across the Bosphorus – one of the busiest sea lanes in the world – in northwestern Turkey, connecting the Sea of ​​Marmara and the Black Sea. Considered a global city, Istanbul contributes more than 25% of Turkey’s GDP. Image: Getty Images. Shenzhen is a city located on the east bank of Pearl River mouth in Guangdong province, China. Before it became a special economic zone, Shenzhen was also a fishing village. Shenzhen is one of the fastest growing cities in the world in the 1990s and 2000s. The city has the 3rd largest port system in the world, is the 9th financial center in the world and the technology center. Top. Image: Getty Images. City Rio de Janeiro of Brazil lies along the Atlantic coast, built on a strait in Guanabara Bay. The city used to be the capital of Brazil until 1960. Natural scenery and beaches make Rio de Janeiro one of the tourist attractions of the country. Image: Getty Images. Barcelona is the second largest city in Spain, located at the Comarca of Barcelonès, along the Mediterranean coast. The city is a transport hub, with the Port of Barcelona being one of Europe’s major seaports and Europe’s busiest passenger port. Image: Getty Images. Paris Built on the banks of the Seine with the center of le de la Cité island, the city is located at the intersection of road and river trade routes. Currently, Paris is the top producing region, accounting for 33% of France’s GDP and is considered a global city with New York, London and Tokyo. Image: Getty Images. Tourism is a key industry of the coastal city Miami of the South Florida metropolitan area, USA. The city’s economy developed rapidly in the early twentieth century thanks to the resorts and services. The seaport is also busy with many cruise ships docking at the city port. The city is also known as the “Yacht Capital of the World” and “Cargo Gate of America”. Image: Getty Images. Rotterdam is a port city near the Maas River, the largest city in the southern Netherlands province (Zuid-Holland). Proclaimed to be established in 1328, Rotterdam is today one of the world’s major ports. The largest port of Rotterdam in Europe and the largest in the world since 1962 but in 2004 was won the title by the port in Shanghai. Image: Getty Images. Similar to the Rotterdam model, Yokohama Japan’s is also a port municipality. It is the largest seaport in Japan, operating a stature commercial center in the Tokyo metropolitan area. The city is located on Tokyo Bay, south of Tokyo, in the Kanto region of the main island of Honshu. Image: Reuters .

Sharks are pictures that haunt the minds of many people swimming or rowing in the ocean. Sharks are often portrayed in movies as merciless blood hunters, but in fact it is also a very intelligent and curious creature. Taylor Cunningham, a marine biologist and shark conservationist, and a shark safety instructor, shares skills in dealing with the fear known as the shark. Study local sharks During certain times of the year, some sharks get closer to shore in the warm coastal waters. In Hawaii, for example, tiger sharks swim near shore in late summer and early fall to give birth. Therefore, it is very helpful to learn about local sharks in order to choose water activities wisely. Wear a mask and fins when swimming For professional swimmers, there is no need to wear a mask and fins every time you step into the sea. But if you swim long distances and are worried that you might encounter sharks, you should use this device. Cunningham said both of these devices help swimmers become more aware of their surroundings, the key to being safe in the ocean. Humans and sharks can still live peacefully. Leave the white and yellow bikinis at home It may be hard to believe, but the color of your clothes and equipment is important to sharks. “Sharks have monochrome vision, so colors like white, yellow or neon should be avoided when swimming or diving because these colors stand out in the blue ocean. Instead, choose darker colors, like black and blue. bar to minimize unwanted attention from the shark ” Cunningham explained. Don’t worry if you get cut or scratched – sharks don’t respond to human blood There is a long-held belief that sharks are a species with an excellent sense of smell that is sensitive to human blood. Cunningham said: “Sharks do not react to human blood or scents. Scientists have done studies in which they found that sharks have minimal or no response in the brain to humans. “ Act like a predator, constantly checking your surroundings By constantly spinning and looking around while underwater, you are communicating that you are a predator, not a prey. Being like a predator makes you less likely to get approached by a shark. Make eye contact if you see a shark When seeing a shark, many people’s instincts are to swim as fast as they can in the other direction, but this may be announcing that you are prey and should be chased. With the confidence of making eye contact with a shark, you are asserting yourself as a predator. However, it is necessary to have flexibility because there can be many sharks at the same time. So, after your initial eye contact, look for the other sharks around. Create the necessary distance from the shark If a shark is approaching, use your fins, GoPro or any solid object you have on you to create some distance between you and the animal. Then you are sending a quantity of water and some things towards them. They will probably pick up, collide and turn away … Slowly step back after making eye contact, but avoid splashing and making noise. The reason you prove yourself as an underwater predator is to tell the shark that you are not on their menu. Splashing, yelling, and rioting on the surface can make them think you are a sick or injured bird or fish – which are on a shark’s favorite menu. Understanding the shark will be less afraid when it comes to “collision” with the shark. Note the shark’s body language Sharks are not inherently aggressive, but they can win territory or compete, Cunningham explained. Sharks will use their body language before confrontation. If you notice a shark releasing pectoral fins (like when a cat arches its back) or opening its mouth (like when a dog growls) slowly step back, give it space, and get out of the water. Remember sharks swim and ignore humans Most people assume that if there are sharks in the water, they will feel them, but in fact, Cunningham says sharks swim and ignore everyone, just like any other fish. Over the years, drone footage has shown sharks within the reach of swimmers without their knowledge. Above all, don’t panic! The key to overcoming any encounter with a shark is acting like a predator. Sharks do not consider humans as prey. Usually, sharks completely ignore humans in the ocean. While it may seem impossible to stay calm when dealing with sharks, it is not. You just need to know a little bit about shark behavior and learn to react appropriately if you encounter it while swimming. “Falled coconuts kill more people than sharks, but in fact, no one is afraid of falling coconuts” – Cunningham’s hand analyzed. The ocean is the home of marine life, including sharks. Respect for the ocean, the common home of sharks and marine life “We need to understand that the ocean is home to a lot of wildlife, not just sharks. Ocean infiltration is human invading the house of marine species. Therefore, it is the responsibility of man to be aware of his or her impacts on the oceans and wildlife or the conditions that may affect them ”- shark conservationist Taylor Cunningham emphasized.

Towards the end of this century, organisms living on the ocean floor faced increasing dangers from ocean warming. (Photo: thiennhien.net) According to climate warming projections, the number of species has decreased in the equator and increased in the subtropics since the 1950s. This is the general state of all 48,661 species and they are divided into sub-species. seabed (benthic) and in open water (floating fish area), fish, molluscs and crustaceans. Results from a study led by the University of Auckland (New Zealand) show that open water marine species in the Northern Hemisphere tend to move more towards the North Pole than benthic species. Meanwhile, species in the southern hemisphere do not have a similar wave of movement. The reason is that the warming ocean in the Northern Hemisphere is more pronounced than the Southern Hemisphere. In the past, the tropics were always considered to be stable and have an ideal temperature for reproduction because so many species of organisms appear there. Now the defined tropics are not so stable and are becoming too hot for many species. This study is the result of doctoral work by lead author Chhaya Chaudhary at the University of Auckland and builds on a series of studies in a joint research group that delineates documents and data on taxonomy groups. Specifically, these include crustaceans, fish and worms. The data is taken from the Ocean Biodiversity Information System (OBIS), a free accessible online world database established by Professor Mark Costello of the University as part of the marine biology investigation, a global marine exploration program from 2000 to 2010. Recorded information about the time and location of species was compiled into latitude ranges and a statistical model was used. Use to calculate variables in sampling. Last year, Professor Costello co-authored a study that found that although marine biodiversity escalated and peaked at the equator during the last ice age 20,000 years ago, it was pulled flat before the status quo. global warming in the industrial era. This study uses fossil records of marine plankton buried in deep-sea sediments to track changes in species diversity over thousands of years. The latest research on a decade scale shows that this flat drag has continued over the past century, and that the number of species is now decreasing at the equator. This research, and other work underway, shows that the number of marine species declines when the average annual seawater temperature is above 20 to 25 degrees Celsius (varies with different species. ). As one of the lead authors of the current International Commission on Climate Change (IPCC) 6th Assessment Report, Professor Costello argues that these findings are of great significance. “Our work shows that man-made climate change affects marine biodiversity on a global scale across all species. Climate change is already here for us and is happening at an ever-increasing rate. We can predict general trends in species diversity, but due to the complexity of ecological interactions, it is currently unclear how rich marine life and fisheries will be. how to change according to climate change ”, said Professor Costello. According to a new study published in the journal Nature Climate Change, the rate of climate change in the depths of the world’s oceans could be seven times higher than current levels in the second half of this century even if greenhouse gas emissions have been significantly reduced. Different global warming at different depths has a major impact on the wildlife of the oceans, causing disconnections as species that rely on each other for survival are forced to move. Professor Anthony Richardson of the University of Queensland and CSIRO, who is also one of the 10 authors of the study, pointed out: “What really worries us is that when we move down deep in the ocean, the climate velocity moves downwards. transfer at different speeds ”. This can create a disconnection with species that depend on organic organisms of different layers. Tuna, for example, live in the middle layer with a depth of 200 – 1000 m, but they need plankton near the sea surface. Professor Richardson emphasized that the results of the study are of concern, with climatic speeds varying depending on the depth of the ocean and the tendency for species to move to be uneven. This may mean marine protected areas established to protect species or habitats may no longer work as species move out of protected areas into unprotected areas.

With the People’s Committee of Da Nang City in principle agreeing to the Vietnam Maritime Administration (Ministry of Transport) to research, survey and implement procedures for submerging 200,000 m3 of material in the sea of ​​Da Nang, experts say. There is a need for a careful assessment of the environmental impact (EIA).

Danang’s marine ecosystem is in decline

Associate Professor-Dr. Vo Van Minh, Chairman of the Council of Da Nang Pedagogical University, said that if there is no other dumping site, there is only way to sink into the sea. However, where to sink, in EIA techniques, it is necessary to determine which sea is the safest, least damaging to the environment.

“Currently, the waters of Danang are not included in the group of protected areas, so it can be submerged. However, from an environmental perspective, falling there will certainly affect immediately, especially coral reefs and seagrass areas. These areas are very important for their habitat and breeding grounds for marine life. Surely it will disturb the environment, affect species of marine fauna and flora “- Mr. Minh said.

Mr. Minh emphasized that in the EIA technique, it is only said to minimize to the lowest level, in the permitted level, not say that it is not impacting. Da Nang’s marine ecosystem is in decline, especially the coral system due to poor conservation, tourism and wastewater impacts.

“I want the EIAs to consult with scientists, but if they do not do well, it is dangerous for the environment” – Mr. Minh worried.

According to Dr. Nguyen Tac An, former Director of Nha Trang Institute of Oceanography, in order to carefully analyze the EIA capacity of submerging, it is necessary to understand the dredging method and the submerged technique. It can be said that all the material in the sea when lying still is okay, but when touched and bounced, many problems occurred. Therefore, it is okay to say just taking this place and leaving that place.

Mr. An said that the submergence principle must stay away from sensitive areas such as residential areas, fishing grounds, protected areas and special values ​​of the sea. In addition, when submerged, it is necessary to avoid seas with strong motivations.

“Actually we dumped it, but it will run away. Submerging techniques must be very attentive. Must see if the quality of sediment and chemicals in the area we scraped up is toxic or not. This EIA agency is aware of both. The dynamic maps in Vietnam nowadays all have them. Therefore, when pouring, it must be considered and calculated. The EIA agency will have to take physical samples for testing, calculate the propagation pattern, size, dredging and dredging time “- Mr. An noted.

Mr. An emphasized: Dredging the sea channel is very important for economic development. Dredging cannot be helped. However, how to minimize the impact of the dredger to increase the overall economic value.

Experts believe that when evaluating the EIA, it is necessary to determine which sea area is safe, with the least damage to the environment. Photo: LE PHI

Dredging the sea channel into Tien Sa port will create 200,000 m3 of material and be calculated to submerge in the waters of Da Nang. Photo: TAN VIET

Worry about coral reefs

Talking about the material submerged in Da Nang sea, Dr. Nguyen Thi Minh Phuong, Dean of the Faculty of Environment – Chemical Technology (Duy Tan University), assessed that 200,000 m3 of material is much and will definitely affect the system. marine ecology.

“The affirmation is always going to impact the ecosystem. When we poured like that, we thought it would lie there, but in fact it was not there at all, it had extremely large currents, so it would be swept away. Must see under that sea there are corals or not, because the most fear is the influence of the coral. When pouring like that, the coral cannot withstand the mud, when the water is too turbid, the symbiotic algae of the coral dies and makes the entire coral carpet die “- Ms. Phuong said.

Ms. Phuong further analyzed the great possibility that the sea area is expected to be submerged deep enough that there are no live corals. Most worrying, however, is that the currents will sweep matter around. Especially sediments, if heavy sediments will be deposited, and fine-grained sediments will be swept away.

“Saying a 100-hectare sea area, it will actually wash away very far. The sediment in the dredging site is likely to be fine-grained, not coarse-grained sediment. Fine means it is light, can be washed away, coarse grain is deposited in place and moves slowly. In a period of a few years it will be swept away everywhere and swept seasonally, because the flow changes with the seasons. Wherever the flow is, the coral will die there. The symbiotic algae of the coral needs light, the coral ecosystem is extremely important. And the bottom ecosystem will be temporarily destroyed for a while, then recover “- Ms. Phuong said.

Ms. Phuong added that from a management perspective, any project will have an impact on the environment. If you consider the environmental impact less than the likelihood of economic development, that’s okay, it’s worth the tradeoff.

“Also saying no effect is not right. The impact at sea is difficult to control. If other ecosystems can recover over time, the corals will not, die will die ”- Ms. Phuong affirmed.

177 species of corals around Son Tra peninsula From 2016 to 2018, the Southern Institute of Ecology had the topic “Research on conservation and biodiversity restoration of terrestrial and underwater ecosystems in Son Tra Nature Reserve”. After nearly three years of restoration, the live coral cover increased by more than 10% compared to baseline. There is an increase in organisms living in the reef. The coverage of seagrass beds increases about 20% -30%. According to research by the Southern Institute of Ecology in 2019, the sea surrounding Son Tra peninsula has 177 species of coral belonging to 17 families and 52 varieties. There are also 130 species of fish living in coral reefs, belonging to 32 families and 65 varieties. This sea also has three species of seagrass distributed over a total area of ​​1 ha and 108 species of extremely diverse seaweed. However, the marine ecosystem here is seriously degraded.

The image of starfish dying dry on the sand after tourists arranged for pictures (Photo: NVCC)

The female tourist thought that some people wanted beautiful photos, so they arranged starfish to take pictures. But when they finished shooting, they left the starfish that burned dry in the sun. Frustrated by the lack of awareness of a part of tourists, she decided to share this story on travel forums. Since then, most of the online community have expressed their dissatisfaction and criticized the above behavior.

Over the past time, the trend of “taking photos with starfish” has become a “hot trend” today. Just type the keyword “starfish Phu Quoc”, within 0.64 seconds, google gave 48,300,000 related results. This shows how much interest and searching internet users have for this marine species.

In fact, it is normal to take pictures with the natural landscape in each trip and then share and introduce them to everyone. The incident is not worth criticizing if the photographer respects and does not affect the natural environment. Putting starfish on the sandy beach and then leaving it not only shows a lack of awareness in public (creating more trash for the beach), but more harmful than affecting the environmental ecosystem and marine resources.

Whether carefree or intentional, bringing starfish ashore to take pictures and then “neglected” is difficult to accept. Not to mention, the “holding, holding, touching” starfish can also cause negative effects if human hands carry viruses and bacteria harmful to marine organisms. Even so, many opinions even say that bringing starfish to the sandy beach to take pictures and then released back into the seawater is also harmful to starfish.

Starfish is the common name for the echinoderms of the class Asteroidea. There are currently about 1,800 living starfish species present in all oceans of the world. Starfish are present in a wide range from tidal flats to abyss (6,000 m). Most of them have a symmetrical 5-armed star shape with a central center point. However, there will be individual starfish species with up to 10, 20 and even 40 arms.

Starfish as well as other types of marine life contribute to the general ecosystem, creating continuity in the food chain. Once this food chain is damaged excessively, it will reduce the number of populations in the ecosystem, reduce biodiversity, loss of landscape.

In many countries, even tourists will be severely fined for touching marine creatures such as corals to take pictures. In Vietnam, the application of sanctions like this in tourist destinations is not much. However, the Law on resources and environment of sea and islands No. 82/2015 / QH13 passed by the National Assembly on June 25, 2015 clearly states the rights, obligations and responsibilities of agencies, organizations and individuals in the general management of natural resources, protection of the environment of the sea and islands of Vietnam. In which, content No. 5 in Article 8 of the Law clearly shows the prohibited acts: Destroying or degrading the environment, marine and island ecosystems.

Protection of marine environment contributes to ensuring the diversity of marine ecosystems (Artwork: Phuquocxanh.com)

Looking at the world wide, the issue of environmental protection, marine and island ecosystems has also been noticed for a long time. Many international conventions on the protection of the marine environment have been established, creating a basis and legal corridor for preserving the marine environment and preventing pollution at sea. In particular, the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS 1982) has established the basic provisions for the conservation of marine life. UNCLOS 1982 not only defines the obligations of countries to protect the marine environment, but also dedicates a separate section on the protection and preservation of the marine environment.

Perhaps it’s time to change our perception, behavior, and habits while traveling. Instead of littering and affecting the living environment, it is necessary to consciously preserve and protect the landscape and the diversity of the ecosystem. The story of starfish in Phu Quoc is just one example, a testament to the “carefree”, “carefree” of people in front of nature. The time has come, each of us needs to contribute and join hands to build a healthy and sustainable ecosystem, for our own health, our lives! ./.

According to the owner of the photo, the scene of starfish dying dry, lying on the sand was taken at noon on April 2. Previously, this female tourist and her family were transported by the taxi driver and introduced it as “a beach with many stars and arranged into a heart shape”.

Upon arrival, this visitor was surprised to witness the scene of a dead starfish basking in the sun. This person then took the photo and posted the story on social media.

The photo of dry starfish on the coast of Phu Quoc

Frustrated by the above incident, Mr. Le Chien, representative of Marine Life Rescue Center, said that this situation happened a few years ago, not just recently.

We need to know that starfish play an important role in the ecosystem. People call starfish a key type. Without such a key species, the surrounding ecosystem will collapse.

Starfish has the characteristic of being alive above all temperatures. No matter what environment they live in, they play an important role in that ecosystem, but many people take starfish ashore to take pictures and let them die. This situation has a very low general assessment of Vietnamese people’s consciousness.

“We have many foreign volunteers, sometimes they come to Vietnam to play and meet the scene where Vietnamese people catch sea animals and leave them on the shore, all foreigners have a very offensive impression. jobs on.

However, this work with Vietnamese people is as natural and innocent as meals. That is really sad, expressing the common sense of society “-anh Chien shared.

According to the representative of the Marine Life Rescue Center, people in the countryside or the city when traveling are the same, it is lack of knowledge about the sea.

The story of the starfish is like the story of the coral, really to solve the above problem requires handling sanctions. Although the Marine Life Rescue Center has repeatedly proposed this issue to higher levels, it still cannot solve it because there is no penalty.

Our country needs a penalty to strictly punish violators. If Thai and Filipinos just touch the coral and be photographed, that tourist will be ordered to deport and pay a large fine. However, in Vietnam, there is no force to check.

Bringing starfish to shore and then letting them die for photography is very offensive. (Illustration)

“Summarizing to solve and limit the above things, we have to do in 3 aspects. The first is the community communication aspect by giving scientific knowledge to tourists, especially people. local people.

Only local people who understand, they will work enthusiastically and supervise closely. The second is in terms of education, it is necessary to provide more information about the environment, about marine life and forests in order to make tourists travel for civilization.

Finally, it is imperative to have a sanction against both foreigners and Vietnamese when violating “-anh Chien emphasized.

In addition, the representative of the Marine Life Rescue Center shared more about the current tourism situation in our country.

According to Chien, 90% of tourism businesses make mistakes and put visitors at risk. For example, if you go diving to see coral, they will give you a life jacket, diving goggles, and a breathing tank, that’s absolutely wrong and internationally forbids it. When guests wear life jackets into the water, the body will be difficult to control and even people die in the coral reef because corals cut into arteries.

“When in the water, all the tourists trampling on we must accept and correct mistakes, even go to replant the coral, but will not interfere at that time because it will affect the customer’s lives and of ourselves.

Not to mention that there are many types of corals, some are poisonous and many tourists do not necessarily understand this. The image of starfish dying dry on the shore made many people get up, but looking at the tourist picture of Vietnam, it was really bad, ugly …

According to research published in Nature, fishing operations emit about 1 billion tons of CO2 emissions per year – higher than those emitted by aviation (before the COVID pandemic – 19 ).

Industrial fishing, in particular the method of pulling nets along the seabed, not only contributes to climate change becoming more serious, but also greatly damages biodiversity. positive.

“This activity is the equivalent of plowing an old forest, repeating until there is nothing left,” report author Enric Sala, a marine biologist, points out.

Industrial fishing is also one of the least expensive fishing methods. Researcher Sala also said that most of the hunting grounds have been repeatedly caught, leaving little value left to catch.

Mr. Eric Sala is looking at possible dynamics that could cause the fishing industry and governments to abandon netting methods and hope the findings on the carbon footprint could be just a wake-up call.

The study of Mr. Sala et al. Breaks down the entire ocean into 50 square km units, measuring the extent to which each unit contributes to global marine biodiversity, fish stocks and climate protection, based on a complex analysis of the location, water temperature, salinity and distribution of species, among other factors.

At the same time, this study also monitors the amount of CO2 emissions each unit is capable of absorbing.

By mapping baselines for each previously divided unit, research can calculate the effects of an increase or decrease in fishing and other human activities.

The overall goal is to develop a map of ocean locations that, if protected, would be of maximum benefit to humans in increasing fish stocks, biodiversity and carbon sequestration while minimizing losses. income harm to the fishing industry.

Dismissing the long-held view that protecting oceans harm fisheries, research shows that marine protected areas designed to prevent overfishing will actually boost marine life. by acting as fish nurseries.

According to the study results, ocean protection could increase global fisheries production by more than 8 million tons per year, despite the challenges of overfishing and climate change.

“However, the fishing will have to stop,” said Mr Sala. While mangroves, kelp forests and sea grasslands have good carbon sequestration capacity, below the ocean floor is a large carbon sink.

Once fishermen’s nets are released into the ocean, the carbon gas is released back into the water. Excess carbon in the water turns it into acid, which is harmful to marine organisms.

Worse yet, this situation also affects the ocean’s ability to absorb carbon in the atmosphere: if seawater is saturated, it will not be able to absorb man-made emissions, limiting one of the The best “weapon” of man in the fight against climate change.

By combining publicly available data on the operations of fishing vessels globally with unit estimates of the amount of carbon stored in ocean sediment layers, researcher Sala and his team had The amount of emissions generated by this method can be calculated at the national level.

For example, the European Union emits 274,718,086 tons of carbon into the oceans each year, while Chinese fleets emit 769,294,185 tons and the US emits 19,373,438 tons.

Technological innovations such as green energy production and battery storage are critical to reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. But there is a need to reduce the amount of carbon in the atmosphere, and so far the technology has not been able to do it at a reasonable cost and scale.

Mr. Sala said the oceans have been absorbing carbon for thousands of years. “Most people still see oceans as victims of climate change. What people don’t realize is that nature is part of the solution to the climate crisis. ”

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According to Time