The researchers tested graphene’s ballistic missile defense by firing small projectiles at it. They found that the material was stiffer, more flexible and lighter than the Kevlar jackets used in the military today. And, a million layers of material would be only 1mm thick. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology’s (MIT) Soldier Nanotechnology Institute is working on an efficient manufacturing method for a graphene-based chainmail bulletproof armor, which could potentially give the military better protection than with today’s bulky coats. Chainmail (or mail or Maille) is armor made of metal rings joined together in a protective mesh pattern. Can be used for marines, especially those who have to work in harsh environments, bulletproof and protect against the risk of attack by wild animals when doing special missions. 2. Synthetic blood Synthetic blood is much more efficient than natural cells. The most promising technology being studied is a respirator – a theoretical red blood cell made of diamond that can hold gas at nearly 15,000 psi and exchange carbon dioxide and oxygen in the same way real blood cells. Supersoldiers whose breathing cells are mixed with their natural blood will essentially have trillions of miniature gas cylinders inside their bodies, which means they’ll never run out of breath and can stay under. water for hours without any other support equipment. 3. Jump 7 feet (2.13 meters) and run 25 mph (40.23km/h) Scientists at MIT and other research universities are looking to strengthen the human ankle and Achilles tendon with bio-boots that mimic the tendons of kangaroos. Humans equipped with such boots would be able to jump 7 feet (2.13 meters) or more, sprinting at incredible speeds. And run all day without muscle wear and tear. Bulletproof armor. 4. Vaccinations for pain relief DARPA’s Combat Persistence Initiative (short for Defense Advanced Projects Agency of the Pentagon, USA) aims to help soldiers recover almost immediately from injuries. The pain-relieving shot will work for 30 days and eliminate the painful inflammation that persists after the injury. So soldiers could feel the initial agony of being hit by a bullet, but the pain would disappear within seconds. Soldiers can self-medicate and continue fighting until medical evacuation. 5. Fight against sleep Not all animals sleep the same way. DARPA wanted to find a way to let humans sleep with only half of their brains at a time like whales and dolphins, or even skip sleep for long periods like ENU mice. 6. Telepathy Not all brain implants look very comfortable. US Patent Application Richard A. Normann. Part of DARPA’s “Brain Machine Interface” project is to develop better computer chips that can connect directly to the human brain via implants. In addition to allowing soldiers to control robots with just their thoughts, this will allow teams to communicate via telepathy. While the chips have improved, the project has some detractors. Part of the research is the ability to control mice remotely via implanted chips, and some defense scientists worry about the risk of the military having its mind hacked. For example, the movie “Men Who Stare Goats” is based on a book by Jon Ronson about a secret unit created by the US military in 1979. According to the book, the US military believes soldiers can become invisible, go through walls and kill goats by staring at them. Actor Ewan McGregor plays a reporter who stumbles across a member of that special unit as he prepares to go to Iraq, and the reporter and Lyn Cassady – Clooney’s character – continue the unfortunate journey : they were kidnapped, shot and hit by a roadside bomb… 7. Power-assisted underwear Meanwhile, Harvard researchers studied the “soft exoskeleton”. It’s a DARPA-funded robotic suit that’s essentially a series of fabric muscles worn under a garment to assist the wearer in every step or movement. This reduces fatigue and increases strength without requiring the enormous amount of strength that tough exoskeletons require. Gloves and climbing shoes like geckos. 8. Gloves and climbing shoes like geckos Geckos use the tiny hairs on their legs to cling to surfaces on a molecular level. Although the “Z-Man” project does not necessarily give humans the ability to crawl along the ceiling like a gecko, special climbing shoes and gloves will allow soldiers to easily climb the amazing rock face. against or onto skyscrapers without any other equipment, greatly reducing overhead attack. Researchers have made breakthroughs and can actually support a man weighing up to 90.71kg with current prototypes. Experts note that in the civilian field, work on nerve transplants for humans is happening very quickly. In 2017, Elon Musk unveiled a pig named Gertrude with a coin-sized computer chip in his brain, to demonstrate his ambitious plan to create an interface between the brain and the machine.

On each microprocessor there are billions of transistors and nm (nanometer) – the unit of measurement of transistor size. The smaller the size, the more transistors the processor can hold, making it faster and more efficient. TSMC’s most advanced chip today uses a 5 nm process with about 173 million transistors per square millimeter. Silicon chip wafers in TSMC’s production line. Photo: TSMC. This breakthrough was discovered by the MIT team, with components optimized by TSMC and improved by NTU. The core component uses semi-metallic bismuth as the electrode of a two-dimensional material to replace silicon, allowing for reduced resistance and increased amperage. Energy efficiency will thus rise to unprecedented heights in the semiconductor industry. Chipmakers have been trying to stuff more and more transistors into increasingly smaller chips, but are nearing the limits of silicon-based technology. That prompted scientists to look for two-dimensional materials to replace silicon to produce chips on the 1 nm process or smaller. More transistors on a chip gives manufacturers more options to deliver core innovations to improve performance for leading tasks like AI and cloud computing, and pave the way for better security. Encryption and encryption are performed by hardware. The need to increase performance and save energy in each processor has never cooled down, especially in the era of the cloud, AI, and IoT. Most of today’s chip-integrated devices use 10 nm or 7 nm process technology. The two largest chip manufacturers in the world, TSMC and Samsung, are launching chips with the 5 nm process, while Intel is still at the 7 nm stage. TSMC also only plans to start moving to the 4mm process later this year before mass production in 2022.

While today’s most advanced technologies can produce chips as small as 3 nm, the new technology will “break the limits of Moore’s law”, said Chih-I Wu, Professor from NTU and co-author of the paper. research said. Moore’s Law can be broken by TSMC’s sub-1 nm chip manufacturing technology. Photo: Reuters. One of the obstacles when it comes to improving the chip manufacturing process lies in the structure and choosing the right materials. According to the Tom’s Hardware , shrinking the chip size but denser transistors can increase the resistance at the electrodes, affecting the performance. Research shows that using bismuth as an electrode significantly reduces resistance, increasing transistor amperage. Currently, TSMC’s technology uses tungsten as the electrode, and Intel’s cobalt. TSMC’s sub-1nm chip manufacturing technology is still being tested before mass production in the next few years. Alternatively, further studies may consider using a different electrode material instead of bismuth. Discovered in 1965 by Intel co-founder Gordon Moore, Moore’s law has become the rule for the advancement of semiconductor technology. According to this law, the number of transistors on a chip will double every 2 years, while the power consumption is halved. Over the years, chip companies around the world have continuously invested in semiconductors, a technology field that is considered a key future. In early May, the US company IBM introduced the world’s first 2 nm chip manufacturing technology. This process can quadruple smartphone battery life, cut data center carbon emissions, speed up laptops, and support high-performance artificial intelligence (AI). China is also looking to catch up with the US in semiconductors, amid technological advances that could cause Moore’s law to break. According to the SCMP , the Chinese government has proposed a five-year plan, referring to the potential semiconductor technology “post” Moore’s law. What if humans had chips in their brains Elon Musk creates an AI-powered device that interacts with the human brain. But is that really a good idea?

The country also vowed to make more efforts to promote the shift from pursuing quantity to improving quality in intellectual property work in the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021-25). Mark Snyder, Senior Vice President and Deputy General Counsel of the US chip corporation Qualcomm, said that China has made remarkable achievements in strengthening the protection of intellectual property rights. In recent years, the National Intellectual Property Office of China reviews more than 1 million patent applications each year and issues more than 500,000 of them. This is also the highest number in the world. “The large number of intellectual property filings and cases handled by both the administrative authorities and the intellectual property courts in China is concrete evidence of society’s confidence in the effectiveness of the government’s policies. policies and reform measures taken by the Chinese government on intellectual property. These achievements are also evidence of an unprecedented accumulation of specialized knowledge and experience in the field of intellectual property.” Mark Snyder said. China is also the global leader in the number of international patent applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) system. In 2020, China is the country using this system the most, with nearly 69,000 applications. By filing an international patent application under the PCT, an applicant can claim protection for inventions in a large number of countries. Illustration Specifically, 3 Chinese companies have entered the list of top 10 patent filing companies at PCT. Huawei Technologies Co topped the list, while Chinese display maker BOE Technology Group Co and smartphone maker Oppo ranked seventh and eighth respectively. Jason Ding, head of Huawei’s IPR division, said the company has become one of the world’s largest patent holders thanks to its investment in innovation. By the end of 2020, Huawei held more than 100,000 active patents worldwide. The latest report from German patent analysis firm IPlytics shows that Huawei accounts for 15.39% of global 5G patents or a collection of patent applications that include the same technical content or similarly, as of February 1, this is the highest number in the world. Chinese telecommunications equipment maker ZTE ranked 3rd with 9.81% and Oppo ranked 9th with 3.47%. Feng Ying, Oppo’s Senior Director of Intellectual Property, said that the company will invest more resources in R&D through innovation. Such advancements will certainly impact the overall economic landscape in China. Official data shows that the number of invention patents in China reached a ratio of 15.8 per 10,000 people by the end of 2020, exceeding the target set for the 13th Five-Year Plan (2016-2020). Shen Changyu, head of the National Intellectual Property Administration of China, said that China will further improve the funding and reward policies for patents, and protect and encourage patents. high value institution during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. According to data released by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) in March 2021, Chinese universities have risen significantly in global rankings of patent applications. In 2020, there were 9/20 top Chinese educational institutions on the WIPO list, an increase of 6 since 2017, extending China’s lead over the US in the number of applications. patent signing. In particular, Shenzhen University, a school only 38 years old but filed the third highest number of international patents in the world in 2020, just behind the University of California and Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( MIT). WIPO data also shows that the institution’s 252 patent applications are more than Johns Hopkins University and Harvard University combined. Chinese schools and businesses are working to file more international patents as part of the world’s second economy’s ambitions to achieve technological innovation and self-reliance in the face of stress. increasingly direct from the West.

MIT has developed a new light-sensitive paint that makes it possible to quickly and easily change colors and textures. Moreover, this type of paint is not expensive. The gecko statue changes color thanks to paint researched by MIT. Photo: MIT. Called ChromoUpdate, MIT’s paint is applied to any product. This paint color is usually quite clean. But when placed under specific frequencies of light, it reveals the underlying pigments. Under UV light, the paint turns black. Within 60 seconds, UV can create gray-toned textures on painted surfaces, anything from printed text to hilly landscapes in high-resolution detail. These patterns continue to remain on the surface after the UV irradiation is stopped. In addition to the gray tone, MIT’s paint has a number of other colors such as CMY color group (green, magenta and yellow). These colors can be mixed together to create a paint that shows all 3 colors at once. To display colors, the researchers shined RGB (red, green, blue) light on the paint, converting the paint to colors that resemble the rays of the light falling on them. This process takes a period of 10 minutes or so for the vignettes to display the correct colors. According to Mr. Michael Wessely, postdoctoral fellow and project research leader, the use of color-changing paint has many benefits. Designers can check products quickly and change colors or textures in minutes. Place the UV projector close to the visible light projector and swivel base to support the object. Photo: MIT. From a broader perspective, Mr. Wessely imagines quickly projecting data onto everyday objects making smarthome systems “smarter” without the need for additional screens in the home. His team has proven they can print text and images right on a cup. For example, you can print a schedule on a cup of water or a reminder on a coffee cup to know when the next meeting is. Besides, people can refurbish their iPhone cases at any time. Instead of buying a new case, users can refresh the old case with their favorite images taken on the internet. According to the Fastcompany , while the color-changing cases are quite attractive, the work has a long way to go before it achieves success in consumer products. UV rays can be dangerous when in contact with the skin, which is why the MIT researchers used a special UV box to house the projector. In areas specializing in the production of color-changing cases, they are fully equipped with safe and convenient machines, so this is no longer a difficult challenge. However, for others, this option is quite expensive and cumbersome, so not many people will invest in this paint and hope to apply it to products such as bumpers, car covers, etc. The second problem is that these designs will fade over time, because UV rays are everywhere. Mr. Wessely said the paint can maintain color and contrast for about 2 days in an office environment, which is already away from the sun (which contains UV rays). If you take out the products that are coated with color-changing paint, it will significantly shorten the color fastness time. Color changing phone cases. Photo: MIT. While the idea of ​​painting a new design on an iPhone case or coffee cup will help with the problem of fading, this habit may be difficult for many people to maintain. Another more desirable aspect that Mr. Wessely’s team is working on is bringing color-changing paint technology to the fashion sector. They are developing fibers that can be re-woven into anything like clothing or shoes… with properties like light-sensitive dyes. This led Mr Wessely to believe that they could integrate tiny light bulbs into clothing that would make the wearer stand out. In this case, when the light is in close contact with the dye, the discoloration process is more efficient. “We can make the color change instantaneously, even under a second,” says Wessely. Besides, he said it is possible to use a coating that absorbs ultraviolet rays. Imagine a t-shirt that changes to a new slogan every hour, or a purse that changes color to match that day’s outfit. To create such a product, the team would have to create specialized yarns and a software that can put printed patterns onto textiles; This fabric can stretch and contour the human body. According to the Fastcompany , this idea is not easy to implement, partly because the field is relatively young. “Usually you have 10 years of studying something. But we are only just beginning to explore this new field,” said Wessely. The process by which objects change color when UV light hits it The idea of ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​The idea of ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​The idea of ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​The idea of ​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​​