1. When did the earliest models of air conditioners appear? Icon Ancient Egypt Icon Ancient Roman The correct answer is answer A: According to research by archaeologists and historians, the most primitive model of air conditioners appeared from ancient Egypt. To cool the indoor air and avoid the hot and dry desert climate, the ancient Egyptians hung bundles of water-soaked reeds in the windows. When the wind blows through the window, it will bring water vapor into the house. Another way of cooling the ancient Romans was that they surrounded the walls of the house with plumbing, when the water circulated, it would cool the house. Water cooling was also adopted by the medieval Persians. Their system includes wind towers and water tanks that help cool the indoor air. 2. Who came up with the first idea for an air-cooling system? Icon Michael Faraday Icon John Gorrie Icon Benjamin Franklin The correct answer is answer B: Scottish physician John Gorrie (1803-1855) Scottish physician John Gorrie (1803-1855), who gave the first idea of ​​the air-cooling system. Although the model and ideas above were never realized, in 1851, Gorrie was still awarded a patent for a machine that made ice. 3. Who invented the model of air cooling by adding salt to water as it evaporates? Icon Cornelis Drebble Icon Michael Faraday Icon Benjamin Franklin The correct answer is answer A: Beginning with the inventor Cornelis Drebble (1572-1633), he invented a model for cooling the air by adding salt to water as it evaporates. They were introduced to the then king of England, James I, but were not taken seriously. In 1758, the governor of Pennsylvania, Benjamin Franklin (1785-1788) and Professor of Chemistry John Hadley (1731-1764) at Cambridge University experimented and discovered the principle of reducing heat from evaporation. This was an important invention that laid the foundation for later air conditioners. Both Franklin and Hadley realized that the evaporation of a liquid such as alcohol or ether could lower the temperature of an object below the freezing point of water. Both men successfully experimented with evaporation to reduce the temperature of a mercury thermometer tube from 18 degrees Celsius to minus 14 degrees Celsius. By 1820, the British chemist Michael Faraday (1791-1867) made it. successfully experimented with compression and liquefaction of ammonia gas. During his experiments, he realized that evaporating liquid ammonia could cool the surrounding air, and this was one of the premise for later air conditioners. 4. Who first invented the modern air conditioner? Icon Willis Carrier Icon John Gorrie Icon Benjamin Franklin The correct answer is answer A: In 1902, Willis Carrier (1875-1950) invented a model of the air conditioner while working for the Buffalo Forge mechanical company. Willis Carrier was born in New England state (USA), from a young age, she was smart and bright. After graduating from Cornell University, Mr. Carrier worked in a heat-resistant suit. His research saves the company $40,000 per year. With this invention, Carrier is known as the father of the modern air conditioner model that we are using. However, Carrier’s air conditioning system is very large, noisy, extremely expensive and very dangerous because it uses the toxic chemical ammonia to cool the air. In 1911, Carrier continued to introduce “refrigerant formulations with reasonable humidity ratio”, this method of refrigeration is still used in some areas of the refrigeration industry. 5. Where was the Willis Carrier air conditioning system first used? Icon A movie theater Icon A printing factory Icon On the bus The correct answer is B: Willis Carrier’s air conditioning system is used in a printing factory. This system helps control the temperature and also keeps the humidity in the plant. Carrier’s principle of humidifying the air is quite simple, instead of pushing air through the heating tube, the air flowing through the tube is cooled by liquefied ammonia. 6. In what year was the Carrier-built air conditioning system first installed in a home in Minneapolis? Icon 1913 Icon 1914 Icon 1915 The correct answer is B: In 1914, a Carrier-built air conditioning system was installed for the first time in a house in Minneapolis. This machine is 2.1 meters high, 1.8 meters wide and nearly 7 meters long. But this machine has never been used because no one lives in the house. However, homeowners still have to spend more than 60,000 USD per year to maintain the entire house. 7. When was the first movie theater in the US equipped with air conditioning? Icon 1917 Icon 1918 Icon 1919 The correct answer is answer A: The household air conditioner has a height of 2.1 meters, a width of 1.8 meters and a length of nearly 7 meters. However, it has never been used because no one lives in the house but, the owner is a famous gambler who is rich and spends more than $60,000 annually on maintenance. From 1917 to 1930, the cinema was a place for people to enjoy the air cooled by air conditioning. The first movie theater in the US to be equipped with air conditioning was the New Empire Theater in Montgomery, Alabama in 1917. In that year, the Central Park Theater in Chicago also installed an air-conditioning system, which was enthusiastically received by customers. . Especially on summer days, the air conditioner is even more effective. In 1922, Carrier continued to make two breakthroughs in air conditioning. The first is that he replaces the toxic condenser ammonia with another, safer compound, dielene (dichlorethylene). 8. In 1969, the cooling system was fitted in Neil Armstrong’s spacesuit when performing a Moon walk, is it true or false? Icon It’s correct Icon Wrong The correct answer is answer A: In 1969, a cooling system was fitted in the spacesuits of Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to combat the conditions in space. These two astronauts wore them while on the Moon walk. Result Please work harder! point

A strange curvy house in the city of Jesse, in the state of Indiana in the United States. Lu Ruvo Brain Research Center (Las Vegas, USA) designed by architect Frank Gehry with special distorted shape. Vitra Design Museum, Weil am Rhein, Germany. Olympic Pavilion in Barcelona resembles a goldfish. The project is 56m long and 35m high by architect Frank Gehry. Habitat Housing Complex, Canada. With a theme of the sea, Frank Gehry’s Louis Vuitton Fondation building is covered with 12 rolling glass sails. Dance Building is the nickname given to refer to the Nationale-Nederlanden building in downtown Prague, Czech Republic. Concert Hall, Tenerife, Spain has the highest roof up to 50m. The Guggenheim Bilbao Museum is a museum of modern and contemporary art designed by Canadian-American architect Frank Gehry. As part of the Rezydent shopping mall, the Krzywy Domek (Crooked House) in Sopot, Poland, is designed with curving curves. Weisman Museum of Art, Minneapolis, USA looks like a fortress of steel. Strange upside-down building in WonderWorks, Tennessee, USA. Marta Herford Museum, Herford, Germany looks like a soft sculpture. Theater The Richard B. Fisher, New York, USA has impressive exterior architecture with silver wavy lines, in harmony with the natural green outside space. Biomuseo, Panama designed by KTSFrank Gehry, built on an area of ​​4000 square meters, the museum includes 8 galleries. “The Great Elephant” is a unique elephant mobile building in Nantes city (France). With its robot-like structure, the building can accommodate up to 50 people.

NW 2501 before the disaster and Captain Lind.

1. The story begins on Friday night, June 23, 1950 at La Guardia Airport, New York, USA. The weather was warm when 55 passengers, including 27 women, 22 men and 6 children, boarded a DC-4 4-turboprop aircraft, number 2501 of Northwest Airlines, from New York to Seattle (state Washington). Estimated flight time is 6 hours at 660km / h.

At 19:30, the 2501 took off. The captain of this flight is Robert C. Lind, the first co-pilot is Verne F. Wolfe, both 35 years old, and the third and last person in the crew is flight attendant Bonnie Ann Feldman, 25 years old. .

Passing Cleveland, Ohio, the 2501 continues to fly to Minneapolis, Minnesota at 3,000 meters. As she prepared to approach the city airspace of Battle Creek, Michigan at 22:41, the Chicago Air Traffic Control Center ordered Captain Lind to lower the altitude to 2,500m to avoid another plane flying in the direction. opposite.

At 11:36, the 2501 reached Lake Michigan. Upon receiving news from the Chicago Air Traffic Control Center that a storm was forming on the lake, Captain Lind asked to lower the altitude to 1,500 meters but was rejected because at such a height, the plane could will not stand the gust of wind.

At 11:51 p.m., the 2501 entered the fringes of a storm that was growing stronger. Captain Lind reported via radio that the plane would arrive in Milwaukee before 0:30 a.m. on June 24. About 10 minutes later, Lind once again asked to lower the altitude to 1,000m but did not give specific reason. The Chicago Air Traffic Control Center’s answer was still: “No way!”

That was Captain Lind’s last contact with the ground. On the other side of Lake Michigan, the Milwaukee Air Traffic Control Station, after waiting until 1 in the morning, still did not see the 2501 radio signal to New York, Minneapolis and Chicago. Immediately, the Civil Aviation Administration’s radio stations attempted to communicate with 2501 on all frequencies but to no avail. Flight 2501 is missing!

2.5:30 a.m. on Saturday, June 24, the US Civil Aviation Administration officially announced the complete loss of contact with the 2501. They also said that the amount of fuel on the plane was completely exhausted by that time so it could no longer fly, and issued an emergency search order to the navy, the coast guard and the state police from Illinois to Michigan, Wisconsin and Indiana. Thirteen hours later, at 6:30 p.m. on Saturday, the Coast Guard ship commanded by Captain Woodbine saw an oil slick and some debris allegedly from a 2501, floating on the surface of Lake Michigan. At 5:30 a.m. on Sunday, June 25, the sonar machine of the US Navy ship led by Captain Daniel Joy was near the oil spill, and found some objects that reflected very strong sonar waves. However, scuba diving conducted by a naval clone showed that it was not the wreck of the plane, but that of a shipwreck.

Also on Sunday, the Coast Guard fleet consisting of four ships led by Woodbine, Mackinaw, Hollyhock and Frederick Lee recovered many floating debris, including fuel tank fragments, seat pads, clothing pieces. , blankets, luggage and some parts of the corpse but not a single piece of debris was large enough to confirm it fell from the 2501. Investigators speculate that the 2501 exploded in the sky because of their followers. The aircraft twisted when it fell into a gust of wind, causing a spark to burn the fuel tank. Prosecutor Berrien Louis Kerlikowski and US Coast Guard officials said: “It must be a terrible explosion to tear the passenger body in an unimaginable way.” However, residents of Lake Michigan said that on the night of June 23 and 24, they heard no explosions except for the testimony of a retired naval lieutenant, RT Helm.

According to Mr. Helm, he saw an airplane passing through his house at 12:20 a.m. and then a flash of light accompanied by a terrifying explosion. However, compared to Captain Lind’s last contact at 0:01 when he requested to lower the altitude to 1,000 meters and the speed of the plane, by 0: 20 minutes, the 2501 had passed out of Lake Michigan and is in Milwaukee airspace. The divers’ search during the following days was also fruitless, partly because the bottom of Lake Michogan was muddy, and the visibility was limited. In addition, many of the large objects detected by the sonar are not those of the 2501.

In July, a local fisherman, Wallace Chambers, pulled the net onto a small, distorted piece of metal. Analysis of the US Civil Aviation Commission led to suspicion that this piece of metal belonged to the 2501, but during World War II, the US military used more than 3,000 DC-4s and by the end of the war, nearly 600 the aircraft became a civil aircraft with identical construction, so the wreckage recovered by Wallace Chambers said nothing.

Six months after the disappearance of Flight 2501, after thoroughly analyzing all the collected specimens, the US Civil Aviation Commission officially concluded this was a “catastrophe without any cause”.

From there, over time, the incident sank into oblivion until science invented advanced detectors, which could restore the model of the seabed, river, lake, with all the details in on the bottom the search for the 2501 begins to restart.

DRAW HIGH

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