Blue is the Arctic region of Russia, while blue is the area equivalent to the North Pole. Photo: Hellerick (CC BY-SA 3.0). The concept of the North Pole appeared in the Soviet Union in the 1930s to define remote areas with difficult living conditions. Most of these areas are located in permanently frozen areas. Here the land is not fertile and the winter is harsh, especially the difficult terrain, with no means of communication with other localities. These include Zapolyarie and the Far East. Administratively, however, the North Pole was added to more territories, not only distributed in the North of Russia. Specifically, this region includes part of the Ural and Southern Sibiri ranges, which are some areas of Tuva and Altai. In addition, there are similar regions to the North Pole (in blue on the map). Thus, the area of ​​the North Pole, including its equivalent, accounts for about 70% of the territory of Russia! 2. The North Pole is not inhabited by many people Remote village Tiksi in the Republic of Yakutia (Russian). Photo: Sergei Fomin / Global Look Press. Despite such a large area, but in the North Pole only less than 12 million Russians live, which is only 7% of the country’s population. Interestingly, in the North Pole, there are many ethnic minorities. They are the Pomor, Yakut, Tuva and many other peoples. They maintain a traditional way of life for hundreds of years. Cities in the Arctic are now becoming sparsely sparsely populated: In the Soviet era, people came here for money, because salaries for experts were 5-6 times higher than those in the central region of Russia. Many cities and villages were built next to mineral deposits that fell into decline after the dissolution of the Soviet Union. People are moving to warmer weather areas and selling their homes. Currently, in the city of Vorkuta, a 2-room apartment with repair costs about 200,000 rubles (nearly 2700 USD), equivalent to the price of a square meter of housing in the Moscow suburbs. In the villages on the outskirts of the city of Vorkuta, the cheapest price is from 30,000 rubles (400 USD). However, the population of Salekhard city in the Yamal region increases every year, as many locals do not want to leave. 3. The State guarantees the supply of essential goods Staff of the Russian Ministry of Emergency Conditions transport food to remote areas of the Yakutia Republic. Photo: Russian Ministry of Emergency Situations / Sputnik. Identification of the Arctic region is necessary to address the supply of essential goods issues. Every year before winter, Russian authorities organize the transport of goods to these areas such as fuel, medicine, food and other goods, usually by air or water. Of course, shops are still available in cities and rural areas in these areas, but private provision is very expensive. 4. Expensive cost of living in the North Pole Inside a store in the Republic of Yakutia. Photo: Barcroft Media / Getty Images. Farming in the Russian Arctic is very difficult due to the soil characteristics and infrequent weather conditions that allow the transportation of goods from other places. Only one thing here is the cheapest – an apartment. Here cheese costs 2 times more expensive than in central Russia, eggs 3 times more expensive, vegetables 4-5 times more. In fact, in the Arctic regions there are a few things that can be sold at relatively low prices are hunting animals and fish, which are quite rare in other parts of Russia. 5. Bright-colored housing to combat depression Graffiti in the city of Salekhard. Photo: Maria Plotnikova / Sputnik. In many cities in the North Pole, there is a tradition of brightly painted apartment buildings. Due to the lack of sunlight and trees, orange, yellow, and pink buildings add to the excitement. Vacation time longer, retire earlier Deer Farmers in Yamal. Photo: Maksim Blinov / Sputnik. In Soviet times, incentives for people to work in the North Pole were introduced in 1932 and revised several times. Today, people who work there get an additional 24 days off (by the standard 28 days a year), while working in the Arctic equivalent is an extra 16 days. If a person has worked in the Arctic for more than 15 years, then he or she is entitled to retire five years earlier than the average Russian (55 years old for women, 60 years old for men). In areas similar to the Arctic, it takes 20 years to retire. 7. The people of the North Pole adapt quickly to extreme conditions Photo: Ayar Varlamov / Sputnik. People who spend their whole life in the southern regions of Russia find it very difficult to get used to winter with cold winds and lack of sunlight. As for the people of the North Pole, such conditions will not cause them any special problems. A few years ago, scientists from the Republic of Yakutia explained that the body of people of northern Russian origin quickly adapted to extreme nights and extreme climates. QUOC KH Asian NH ( according to the RBTH . com )

A few weeks before astronaut Yury Gagarin made his legendary flight on April 12, 1961, a mannequin dressed in a pilot’s outfit called “Ivan Ivanovich” with a dog ” Star”. The astronaut’s chair “Vostok” (East). Photo: Aleksandr Mokletsov / Sputnik. In addition, on board there is also a tape recorder used to transmit back to Earth recordings of recipes and choral songs. This particular act is intended to confuse Americans who are watching the flight and are trying in vain to decipher the encrypted information. 2. The words “СССР” on the astronaut’s hat The words “СССР” (short for “Union of the Soviet Socialist Republic”) were inscribed on astronaut Yury Gagarin’s helmet exactly 20 minutes before flying. Yury Gagarin said goodbye to his friends before flying into space. Photo: Sputnik. In the last moment, it was decided to do it so that upon landing on Earth, astronauts would not be confused with foreign spies. Because exactly a year earlier, in the airspace of the Soviet Union people had shot down an American spy plane named Francis Gary Powers. This person also wears a similar helmet. 3. Simple phrase but famous worldwide When the spaceship was launched, Yury Gagarin should have said a formal sentence saying “Crew, let’s go!”. However, he said a simple phrase that would later become famous worldwide was “Poyekhali!” (Go!). Yury Gagarin before setting off on the “Vostok-1”. Photo: Sputnik. When taking off on a regular plane, Yury Gagarin’s instructor Mark Gallay often said that, but he really did not understand what it was for when the crew had only one person. 4. The spaceship is controlled automatically Yury Gagarin’s “Vostok-1” spacecraft is controlled by automatic mode. Because, no one can predict how people in such extreme conditions will behave. Spaceship “Vostok-1” with the world’s first astronaut Yury Gagarin at departure. Photo: Sputnik. In case of a mishap, Yury Gagarin was given an envelope with a manual drive activation code. Activation codes can be obtained by solving a simple, but complex, arithmetic problem in a panic state. 5. Farewell letter Before flying, Yury Gagarin wrote a farewell letter to his wife Valentina in case he was unable to return to Earth. This letter was not received until seven years later, when Yury Gagarin died during a training flight on March 27, 1968. Valentina Gagarina and her daughter Lena read a letter to the “Little Flame” magazine after Yury Gagarin’s death. Photo: A. Golikov / Sputnik. 6. “I’m on fire, farewell, comrades!” It was not clear at the time, what a spacecraft would look like when flying through dense layers of the atmosphere. Seeing the sparks of fire on the doorway of the ship, Gagarin said that his ship was in distress and spread the news about the Earth: “I am on fire, farewell comrades!” For good reasons, people decided to forget these words. Scientists tracked Yury Gagarin’s state in space from the Flight Control Center. Photo: Sputnik. 7. Characteristics of promotion to Major Yury Gagarin flew into space with the rank of Lieutenant, and when he flew back to Earth, he took the rank of Major. There is a theory that, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev ordered Defense Minister Rodion Malinovsky to give a special promotion to Yury Gagarin, ignore the rank of Captain and go straight to Major. Yury Gagarin and First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party Nikita Khrushchev. Photo: Aleksandr Sergeev / Sputnik. 8. Carry guns into space While the ship “Vostok-1” made a flight, for the first time in history humans brought guns into space. Yury Gagarin is given a Makarov pistol. The astronaut is expected to land in a remote area where he must protect himself from wild beasts. This happened to the crew of the train “Voskhod-2” (Dawn) in 1965, when they had to return fire to drive away swarms of wolves and bears in the snow-covered forest south of the Ural Mountains. The spacecraft device “Vostok-1” and Yury Gagarin landed on Earth. Photo: Sputnik. 9. Nearly died when he returned to Earth It was technically impossible for the astronaut to land on Earth at that time, so Yury Gagarin threw himself out and landed with a parachute. In his tight armor, he did not immediately open the valve to supply oxygen, so he was suffocated for a while. After completing the heavy duty, the first person to fly into space almost died when he returned to Earth. Yury Gagarin after returning to Earth. Photo: Sputnik. 10. “Don’t talk about this with anyone!” Two days after the historic flight, at a reception held inside the Kremlin, Soviet Communist Party First Secretary Nikita Shrushchev pulled Yury Gagarin aside and asked the astronaut if he could see God and get Gagarin. The joke is yes. The world’s first astronaut Yury Gagarin. Photo: Sputnik. The leader of the Soviet Union immediately said: “Please do not talk about this with anyone!”. After a while, BishopAlexy I came up to ask the same question. Yury Gagarin at that time joked awkwardly to the head of the Russian Orthodox Church and replied: “No, Father, unfortunately I can’t see it.” “Yury, please don’t bring this to anyone!”, The priest said.

A few weeks before astronaut Yury Gagarin made his legendary flight on April 12, 1961, a mannequin in the pilot’s outfit named “Ivan Ivanovich” with a dog ” Star”.

The astronaut’s chair “Vostok” (East). Photo: Aleksandr Mokletsov / Sputnik

In addition, on board there is also a tape recorder used to transmit back to Earth recordings of recipes and choral songs. This particular act is intended to confuse Americans who are watching the flight and are trying in vain to decipher the encrypted information.

2. The words “СССР” on the astronaut’s hat

The words “СССР” (short for “Union of the Soviet Socialist Republic”) were inscribed on astronaut Yury Gagarin’s helmet exactly 20 minutes before flying.

Yury Gagarin said goodbye to his friends before flying into space. Photo: Sputnik

In the last moment, it was decided to do it so that upon landing on Earth, astronauts would not be confused with foreign spies. Because exactly a year earlier, in the airspace of the Soviet Union people had shot down an American spy plane named Francis Gary Powers. This person also wears a similar helmet.

3. Simple phrase but famous worldwide

When the spacecraft was launched, Yury Gagarin should have said a formal sentence that says “Crew, let’s go!”. However, he said a simple phrase that would later become famous worldwide was “Poyekhali!” (Go!).

Yury Gagarin before setting off on the “Vostok-1”. Photo: Sputnik

When taking off on a regular plane, Yury Gagarin’s guide Mark Gallay often said that, but he really did not understand what it was for when the crew had only one person.

4. The spaceship is controlled automatically

Yury Gagarin’s “Vostok-1” spacecraft is controlled by automatic mode. Because, no one can predict how people in such extreme conditions will behave.

Spaceship “Vostok-1” with the world’s first astronaut Yury Gagarin at departure. Photo: Sputnik

In case of a mishap, Yury Gagarin was given an envelope with a manual drive activation code. Activation codes can be obtained by solving a simple, but complex, arithmetic problem in a panic state.

5. Farewell letter

Before flying, Yury Gagarin wrote a farewell letter to his wife Valentina in case he was unable to return to Earth. This letter was not received until seven years later, when Yury Gagarin died during a training flight on March 27, 1968.

Valentina Gagarina and her daughter Lena read a letter to the “Little Flame” magazine after Yury Gagarin’s death. Photo: A. Golikov / Sputnik

6. “I’m on fire, farewell comrades!”

It was not clear at the time, what a spacecraft would look like when flying through the dense layers of the atmosphere. Seeing the sparks of fire on the doorway of the ship, Gagarin said that his ship was in distress and spread the news about the Earth: “I am on fire, farewell comrades!” For good reasons, people decided to forget these words.

Scientists tracked Yury Gagarin’s state in space from the Flight Control Center. Photo: Sputnik

7. Characteristics of promotion to Major

Yury Gagarin flew into space with the rank of Lieutenant, and when he flew back to Earth, he took the rank of Major. There is a theory that, First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union Nikita Khrushchev ordered Defense Minister Rodion Malinovsky to give a special promotion to Yury Gagarin, ignore the rank of Captain and go straight to Major.

Yury Gagarin and First Secretary of the Soviet Communist Party Nikita Khrushchev. Photo: Aleksandr Sergeev / Sputnik

8. Carry guns into space

While the ship “Vostok-1” made a flight, for the first time in history humans brought guns into space. Yury Gagarin is given a Makarov pistol. The astronaut is expected to land in a remote area where he must protect himself from wild beasts. This happened to the crew of the train “Voskhod-2” (Dawn) in 1965, when they had to return fire to drive away swarms of wolves and bears in the snow-covered forest south of the Ural Mountains.

The spacecraft device “Vostok-1” and Yury Gagarin landed on Earth. Photo: Sputnik

9. Nearly died when he returned to Earth

It was technically impossible for the astronaut to land on Earth at that time, so Yury Gagarin threw himself out and landed with a parachute. In his tight armor, he did not immediately open the valve to supply oxygen, so he was suffocated for a while. After completing the heavy duty, the first person to fly into space almost died when he returned to Earth.

Yury Gagarin after returning to Earth. Photo: Sputnik

10. “Don’t talk about this with anyone!”

Two days after the historic flight, at a reception held inside the Kremlin, Soviet Communist Party First Secretary Nikita Shrushchev pulled Yury Gagarin aside and asked the astronaut if he could see God and get Gagarin. The joke is yes.

The world’s first astronaut Yury Gagarin. Photo: Sputnik

The leader of the Soviet Union immediately said: “Please do not talk about this with anyone!”. After a while, Bishop Alexy I came up to ask the same question. Yury Gagarin at that time joked awkwardly with the head of the Russian Orthodox Church and replied: “No, Father, unfortunately I can’t see it.” “Yury, please don’t bring this to anyone!”, The priest said.