Nigeria will become the next big Covid-19 “outbreak” after India. (Source: Anadolu Agency/Getty) And experts are cautiously observing a developing country, with a large area, disparities in health services and unequal access to vaccines, like India, that is Nigeria. With 200 million people, it is the most populous country in West Africa and the 7th most populous country in the world. Ngozi Erondui, a senior research fellow at the Chatham House Center for Global Health Security in the UK, said that “Nigeria is really vulnerable” and “has a lot in common with India”. When rich countries are not willing to share The world will not be able to do anything to prevent Covid-19 from ravaging Nigeria like the situation is happening in the past days in India. A more equitable distribution of vaccines could build a “firewall” against the rise in infections in Nigeria, as well as in other less developed countries. However, that will require the more economically developed countries of the world to share rescue resources with poorer countries. The tragic case of India proves that the vaccine-rich country in the world will not be in a hurry to help poor countries on distant continents. In fact, Africa is not necessarily synonymous with “poverty”. The continent is huge and diverse, comprising 54 countries with 1.2 billion people running economies from large to small, rich to poor, strong to weak. Likewise, African countries’ pandemic experiences vary widely. South Africa, one of the wealthiest countries on the continent, was hit hard last summer and then returned in January. Officials in the region recorded more than 54,000 deaths. The mortality rate is 93 deaths per 100,000 population, a number far below the US 175 deaths per 100,000 population, but much higher than the global average of 38 deaths. per 100,000 inhabitants. So far, many less industrialized African countries have avoided catastrophic spikes in infections, recording fewer deaths than rich countries. A total of 580,000 Americans have died from Covid-19 while only 1,600 Nigerians have died from the pandemic. SARS-CoV-2 virus – “opportunistic” virus However, that doesn’t mean Covid-19 won’t reach Nigeria and other African countries, it just means it hasn’t arrived yet. Lawrence Gostin, a global health expert at Georgetown University, told T he Daily Beast : “I am seeing the possibility that the Covid-19 fires will ravage around the world in the weeks and months to come. And I’m most worried about Africa.” According to Mr. Gostin, “the crisis in India is a leading indicator of what is to come in other low- and middle-income countries”. Despite its crowded cities, limited public health measures and a patchwork health care system, India has so far been considered relatively fortunate. The South Asian country has 1.37 billion people but only 160,000 deaths so far in March, with a rate of 11 deaths per 100,000 inhabitants. Then, in April, a new and more contagious variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, known as B.1.617, emerged and spread across India, causing a record increase in cases and deaths. green. In just a few weeks, India had nearly 50,000 more deaths. The death rate rose to 15 per 100,000 population. When this article was published, the Covid-19 wave in India was underway, but the trend was already decreasing. The rate of new cases and deaths is decreasing. And while it is predicted that tens of thousands of more Indians will die before this spike is over, at least the pandemic has not gotten any worse in the country. But the SARS-CoV-2 virus is an opportunistic virus. It always finds places that are densely populated but have no protection. Spreading through the air from person to person, Covid-19 establishes a “laboratory” in each body that the virus infects. Each SARS-CoV-2 virus mutates after two weeks of infection for as long as it is active, and seeks to evolve so that it can create a new variant that is increasingly contagious. New variants help the virus spread even faster in a self-reinforcing cycle that ends only with drastic social distancing, vaccinations and antibodies among survivors, or more likely a combination of the virus. all three methods to cut off the transmission route of Covid-19. It is no coincidence that SARS-CoV-2 thrived in India this month. Popular religious festivals have attracted thousands of people who attended without wearing masks. Meanwhile, India’s vaccination effort is very bad. According to statistics, the South Asian country has fully vaccinated only 3% of the population, compared with more than 30% in the US. The global average for full immunization is also a little over 3%. From the epidemiologist’s point of view, Nigeria, with its many overcrowded cities, high poverty rates and shabby health system, is quite similar to India, but worse in some respects. India has at least some domestic vaccine manufacturers, while Nigeria has none. The African country must import all doses of the vaccine from outside. That explains why Nigeria only partially immunizes 1% of the population and almost no one is fully vaccinated. The Lagos government is expected to receive 84 million doses of the vaccine from AstraZeneca and Johnson&Johnson in the coming weeks. But that number is only enough to inject a fifth of the country’s population. Meanwhile, the proportion that experts say could lead to “herd immunity” is vaccination of three-quarters of the population, which blocks most routes of transmission and can last up to year 2022. Shortage side, surplus side To help Nigeria and the underserved countries, the rich countries of the world should stop hoarding vaccines excessively. Of course, more shots are not a panacea, and even a country with many vaccines can have trouble administering. However, the vaccine shortage, and the hesitation among people who doubt the vaccine’s effectiveness, could further slow the vaccination process. Shaun Truelove, an epidemiologist at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, said that “the only way to know if Nigeria is managing vaccines well is to keep shipping the vaccine to the country”. Global supply is not the biggest problem. The United States, a country with many vaccine manufacturers, has a stockpile of more than 60 million doses of vaccine while continuing to have more vaccines supplied by factories, while vaccination rates are falling. especially for Republicans. It was only a few weeks after the sudden spike in Covid-19 in India that the administration of President Joe Biden promised to ship an additional number of vaccines to New Delhi. The AstraZeneca vaccine isn’t even authorized in the US. For Americans, those doses of vaccines are not only redundant but also useless. The problem of severe delays in the release of excess vaccines was anticipated a year ago. In the spring of 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) together with a number of international public-private partners, came together to establish the Global Access to Vaccines Covid-19 initiative, or COVAX. The COVAX initiative allows rich countries to pay for vaccines to poor countries. COVAX’s goal was to deliver 100 million doses by March, but it actually delivered less than 40 million doses. “This has failed Nigeria and many countries,” Mr. Erondu said [trong việc tiêm chủng]”. America is part of the problem. The Trump administration has refused to sign on to COVAX, a move that reflects its narrow “America First” philosophy. The Trump administration at the time either didn’t understand, or didn’t care, that vaccinating poor countries also helped protect rich countries. After all, the virus doesn’t care about borders. Mr. Biden reversed the decision in February. The administration has committed $4 billion in cash, making the US the largest donor of COVAX, albeit somewhat belatedly. In a parallel move, Mr. Biden also signaled support for a controversial proposal to give the WTO a copyright exemption for a Covid-19 vaccine. In theory, the decision would allow any manufacturer in any country to produce doses of the vaccine. However, experts are still divided on whether the patent waiver will lead to more doses of the vaccine being shipped to countries in need. Meanwhile, many richer countries have been slow to implement their COVAX commitments. Meanwhile, strains of the SARS-CoV-2 virus continue to target unprotected populations from one area to another. Nigeria is about to become the “storm center” of Covid-19. However, this West African country may not suffer the same fate as India. Because vaccines are available. Existing mechanisms will get the vaccine to the countries that need it most. It is worth mentioning that many countries have a surplus of vaccines but do not appreciate the importance of sharing vaccines with other countries. (According to Daily Beast)

Traditional curry. Centuries ago, the Indians migrated to bring not only recipes but also spices and spices of their homeland to Guyana to cultivate. Today, there is still a clear imprint of India in Guyana cuisine. Guyana people daily eat traditional Indian dishes such as dal bhat, roti, dal puri, parsad … To save cooking time, working families routinely make rice dishes cooked in one pot with shredded meat and vegetables, a cooking common in northern India. Guyana people especially love curry dishes made from chicken, goat, sheep, or duck. The most prominent is Guyana curry made from meat, curry leaves, some flavoring spices and cassareep (tapioca root juice) is only eaten during the holidays of the year. In Guyana, if people do not eat rice, they will eat cassava. Cassava is very popular in Guyana cuisine. Almost all housewives know how to make bread from tapioca; Restaurants are always ready to serve metamgie cassava made from boiled cassava with sweet potato, taro, coconut water and butter. The wise and resourceful Guyana people also take advantage of the juice from the roots of cassava, which is very toxic to make cassareep or kari. Both of these products are non-toxic and have a very unique sweet and bitter taste. Cakes in Guyana. Some of the popular Guyana drinks include lemon juice mixed with vanilla essence, pineapple wine, rum, tea with licorice and dried hibiscus flowers, ginger beer and milk mixed with roasted peanut powder. In the summer, Guyana people often enjoy the above drinks with some Indian and European aftermath desserts such as cassava pone (baked goods made from tapioca, coconut water, milk and sugar), coconut jam. Cakes into small cakes, peera (sweetened condensed milk and boil until thick). Since the Guyana use brown sugar more than white sugar, many of their dishes are very sweet. For those who love sweets, the experience of enjoying Guyana sweets is like going to heaven.

In many cities around the world, traffic congestion has become an obsession but it is so familiar that no one seems to care about effectively solving this problem. In Lagos, Nigeria’s largest city, most of the day is spent on commuting.Peter Elias, a lecturer specializing in planning at the University of Lagos, says traffic jams usually start around 6 a.m. and last for at least 9 o’clock. From 13:00 to 15:00, parents pick up their children to go to school to block the road. Then, Lagos slips during the evening rush hour, which can last until 20-21h. Traffic jam in Lagos Along with the rapid development of Lagos, the traffic congestion in this city is getting worse. The travel speed was so slow that the authorities even installed a television around a roundabout so that drivers could watch entertainment. Satellite maker Tomtom and data company INRIX used to rank cities by traffic congestion. Outstanding on the list are often cities in rich, above-middle-income countries. Examples of traffic jams include Cairo (Egypt), Delhi (India), Dhaka (Bangladesh), Jakarta (Indonesia), Lagos (Nigeria), Manila (Philippines), Nairobi (Kenya) and Sao Paulo (Brazil). ). Most of these cities have 3 things in common. The first is too crowded. Second, with the exception of Delhi, nowhere has a fast and widespread rail-based public transport system so people have very few travel options. Third, these cities are in a trend to rapidly increase the number of private vehicles. In Delhi, the number of motorbikes increased from 4.3 million units in 2011 to 6.7 million units in 2017. Cars increased from 2.2 million units of lane to 3.2 million units. at the end of the month, because at that time, the workers receive salary before they can buy gas. Chart of increase in private vehicles and declining public transport in major Indian cities over the years. Source: Times of India According to Nation Thailand, private vehicles in Bangkok as of 2018 were 9.7 million vehicles, 8 times more than the capacity of the infrastructure system. Besides, the area for static traffic is also alarmingly low, only 8-10% compared with 20-30% in Western countries. While everyone is upset with traffic jams, it’s a reality that’s unavoidable in many major cities. Economists believe this situation is a huge drain on the country’s resources. The Bangkok Post in 2019 stated that traffic jam caused people in the Thai capital to lose 97 million baht / day (74 billion VND) and 3.5 billion baht / year (27,000 billion VND) for fuel. . The city’s economy also suffered a lot of damage from traffic congestion. About 11 billion baht / year is wasted due to the time people are congested on the road every day. The two major cities of Vietnam, Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, also lose billions of dollars each year due to traffic. According to calculations, each year Ho Chi Minh City lost about 1.2 million working hours, 1.3 billion USD / year due to traffic congestion and 2.3 billion USD due to environmental pollution from motor vehicles. . Evaluation from the Institute of Transportation Strategy and Development (Ministry of Transport) also said that congestion causes damage to the city. Hanoi is about $ 1-1.2 billion a year. Travel time on the same distance in Hanoi takes up to 45 minutes, while Ho Chi Minh City takes 30 minutes. Meanwhile, INRIX estimates, traffic congestion causing damage to two US cities, Los Angeles and New York, is 19 billion and 34 billion USD in 2017, including fuel costs and loss of labor productivity. Every hour in traffic is also an unused hour for being productive. And, according to Matthias Sweet of Ryerson University in Canada, traffic congestion slows job growth in US cities because it prolongs commuting time on average by more than 4.5 minutes. In a situation where the situation could hardly be improved quickly, some people have figured out how to adapt themselves. For example, Nara, a housekeeper in Sao Paulo, usually takes three hours to get to work. She started off by walking 20 minutes to a bus stop. After an hour long journey, she walked to another bus stop and took the second train, which took about an hour more. Then she walked again. Nara can travel faster if she takes the subway, but she is afraid to squeeze among the teasing men on the train. She decided to choose the long-distance bus to create “a small world” for herself, immerse herself in music and reflect on life. She enjoys the journey. TomTom Traffic Index 2020 chart of the world’s worst traffic congestion cities. Percentage indicates the amount of time traveling on the road more than when not in traffic. In cities where traffic is often congested, very few drivers obey a ban on texting or making phone calls. Whenever the car does not budge, they turn to gossip with their friends, even focus on personal things like shopping online. Meanwhile, street vendors appeared everywhere, supplying from soft drinks, grapes, chips, eggs, hot water … to the drivers. A 43-year-old man named Lawal sells inflatable mattresses. He used to have a stall in a roadside market selling old clothes and phones. But the police cleared the market to reduce traffic congestion, so Lawal went peddling. Lawal likes slow-moving traffic, not a complete stop. Because of that, he can easily slip through the lanes to sell goods. But for drivers, many people are fed up with sitting in the middle of the traffic jam. Doctors at the American University of Beirut (Lebanon) conducted a study, measuring the blood pressure of drivers who pulled into a gas station when traffic was heavy, and compared them to those who pulled over. sparse traffic in the middle of the road. The results showed that people suffering from congestion had an average systolic blood pressure of 142 and diastolic blood pressure of 87. And those who drove on the empty road were in better health, with two figures of 123, respectively. and 78. Even a late driver has no effect on their blood pressure. Traffic jams in Delhi Despite all these annoyances, time spent in traffic jams seems soon to be forgotten. Scientists Eric Morris and Jana Hirsch have researched using US time to find evidence that people in big cities do not forget feelings of discomfort when rush hour. However, they found almost nothing. The traffic jam made those who were stuck angry. But when the flow of cars started to move, people seemed to forget this feeling. That could help explain why Americans (and other expats) often oppose measures like congestion charges, according to the two experts. In 1966, the Argentinian writer Julio Cortázar gave an impressive conclusion in his work.In the short story The Southern Thruway, a man was driving to Paris when he was caught in a traffic jam that lasted for many days. . At first, he and the other drivers were very angry, but gradually they created a miniature society, shared food and drinks, and turned a car into a hospital. But when the cars start to move, the protagonist goes crazy. Turns out there was no place where he enjoyed the traffic jam in the middle of the road.

Oxygen infusion is an important treatment for lethal virus positive patients. However, on April 22, 6 hospitals in India announced this essential item. According to the Indian Express If the country of 1.3 billion people continues to report hundreds of thousands of new cases every day, the demand for medical oxygen cylinders will rise sharply in 12 states of India. The case crisis caused the price of these medical devices to skyrocket. According to the Times of India , to buy an oxygen tank, the buyer has to spend 250–330 USD. Even, many advertisements for selling oxygen cylinders with prices ranging from 400–460 USD appeared rampant on social networks. Share with AFP On April 22, an Indian man said he had to pay $ 600 per bottle of oxygen, which was nine times higher than before the outbreak. According to World Bank data, the total annual income of the people of India is only about $ 2,120. The number of Coivd-19 infections in India has skyrocketed, making the price of medical oxygen cylinders extremely expensive here. Photo: Getty. The World Health Organization (WHO) said that the demand for medical oxygen is skyrocketing in 25 countries around the world, especially Africa. More than half a million patients with Covid-19 require oxygen therapy every day, meaning hospitals need 1.1 million oxygen cylinders to use within 24 hours. Brazil, Mexico, Peru, Egypt, Nigeria and other countries all declared a shortage of oxygen tanks as the number of cases increased. Worth mentioning, families of critical patients are forced to find and buy medical oxygen cylinders on the black market to save their loved ones’ lives. According to the Guardian, in Peru by 2020, the price of an oxygen tank was once pushed up to $ 1,000. In the UK, the Washington Post notes that a woman pays $ 1,300 for an oxygen tank, 1,000% more expensive than usual. According to the New York Times The 7-fold increase in the demand for medical oxygen in Mexico has enabled the black market to thrive. There are disputes and blocking of oxygen vehicles in some places, local reports say. Not long after, the price of medical oxygen cylinders sold on the black market had tripled. Brazil also experiences medical oxygen deficiencies during times of alarming number of cases. In Manaus, a city in Brazil, to buy a 50-liter oxygen tank, families have to pay nearly $ 1,200, 6.5 times more expensive than usual. However, the black market is not the only reason why the price of this medical device soared. Traffic and infrastructure are also factors that make this happen. Medical oxygen is usually produced by factories and cooled during transportation. In developed countries, oxygen is usually transported in a liquid form, making them less space-consuming and saving on transportation costs. However, the underdeveloped countries are only capable of transporting medical oxygen as a gas. Compared to the central hospital in London, hospitals in Kenya and Nigeria have to pay five to ten times more to buy a medical oxygen tank, according to the Press Bureau in the UK. According to the The Times At Mexico’s most difficult times, an oxygen tank cost more than $ 800, 10 times the cost of a US hospital. According to the Indian Express Most states in India have diverted oxygen production. Instead of serving industrial needs like the manufacture of steel, iron and glass, oxygen will be used largely for medical purposes. However, transportation in the country of 1.3 billion people remains a major obstacle. In particular, the centers of medical oxygen production are concentrated mainly in the East, while the demand for this item is increasing in other areas. The logistics costs were padded, pushing the price of an oxygen tank five times, from about $ 5 to $ 26. All India Radio News said the Indian police have been straightforward to prevent the proliferation of the “black oxygen” market. The state government of Uttar Pradesh announced that it would invoke the National Security Act and the Black Society Act to combat these marketing practices. In addition, in response to the crisis, India is planning to import 50,000 tons of medical oxygen. At the same time, the country is also setting up the “Oxygen Express” train to supply states severely affected by the epidemic. This train will depart from the Bokaro steel plant, carrying liquid oxygen. The Indian government has received much criticism for not upgrading its infrastructure from scratch to avoid the current shortages. “We did not plan this shortage even though we knew the second crisis was coming,” Dr. Lalit Kant, an epidemiologist, told the BBC.

While many other children have to go through a hard time becoming a child, Jare Ijalana – a girl from Nigeria – was famous for just one photo, according to Sohu. When she was 5 years old, Jare got the title of “world’s most beautiful girl”. Since then, Jare officially entered the model world. Photo: vocal.media. At that time, she did not know anything about performance skills as well as professional posing. However, her charisma is enough to make up for everything. Photo: Biliyo. In 2018, photographer Mofu (right) met and was quickly captivated by Jare’s beauty. After posting the pictures on social networks, the beauty of the Nigerian girl surprised many people. The most attractive point is her big bright eyes. Photo: Dakarbuzz, Sohu. After 3 years, Jare’s face had a big change. Jare’s mother recently shared her picture on her personal page. In the photo, she is wearing a blue dress and a large bow of the same color on her head. The blue color clearly contrasts with the girl’s skin, delivering powerful visual impact. Photo: Sohu. Compared to the age of 5, the features on her face have changed. Many people believe that Jare’s eyes are no longer as attractive as before. Photo: Sohu. Over the years, Jare Ijalana is still active in the fashion industry, regularly taking photos for children’s clothing brands, appearing on magazine covers. She even participated in acting. Jare has 2 older sisters who also work as child models. When she became famous, the two sisters were familiar models in studios. Photo: Vee Magazine. 3 sisters are expected to become “key” models in their homeland and have the potential to reach out to the world. Photo: Sohu.