Ekaterinburg submarine of the Russian Navy. Photo: TASS Business Insider (USA) reported that the Delta-IV class submarine Ekaterinburg has spent nearly 2 years waiting at the port in Severodvinsk. Ekaterinburg’s decommissioning also marks the “final chapter” of the Delta class that has been the mainstay of the Soviet and Russian fleets of nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarines for decades. It is expected that Delta-class submarines will be replaced by advanced Borei-class ships. Delta IV class submarines are part of a group of 43 ballistic missile nuclear submarines with the first being launched in the early 70s of the last century. There are seven Delta IV submarines in service with the Russian Navy. Among them is the Podmoskovye which in 2016 was converted into a Special Mission submarine dedicated to intelligence missions. It is known that Ekaterinburg is the second ship of the Delta-IV class to be produced, built in 1985. On August 6, 1989, during Operation Behemoth, the Ekaterinburg submarine tested 16 R-29RM Shtil ballistic missiles. while in diving mode. The first launch was successful, but a fuel leak in the rocket during the second launch halted the test. The Ekaterinburg was fortunately unharmed. Not stopping there, in 2011, a serious fire occurred on the Ekaterinburg ship. The ship then had to undergo a three-year repair process.

According to experts, Kazan is a fully domestically built submarine and is superior to foreign nuclear-powered ships in terms of technical characteristics. In the future, submarines can receive the modern Zircon hypersonic missile complex. Technically completely new project In recent years, the Kazan nuclear submarine has passed tests in the White Sea, and achieved the published technical indicators. In particular, the crew conducted submarine warfare tests at positions on the water surface and underwater, measured technical parameters, in which the noise level when moving underwater and the attack weapon system. . The Kazan nuclear submarine officially entered service with the Russian Navy. The Kazan nuclear submarine was built in 2009, but the time of delivery to the Russian Navy has been delayed several times. In response to RT.ru, Editor-in-Chief of the Defense Journal Igor Korotchenko explained that the delay was due to the need to test a large number of new technical solutions integrated into the project 885M nuclear submarine. According to experts, the construction and testing of a lead submarine of an improved or new project is always a long process and goes through many complicated stages. In addition, for the domestic shipbuilding industry and the Russian Ministry of Defense, the improvement of nuclear-powered submarines is to a state that allows the performance of effective combat missions on a large scale of the oceans. Positive is an urgent priority today. Meanwhile, the founder of the Russian military information site Dmitry Kornev said that delaying the commissioning of the Kazan submarine is completely reasonable. He explained the difficulties caused by a large amount of research and development work, along with the establishment of a large-scale industrial co-production system. “The Yasen-class nuclear submarine is a completely new and technically challenging project for our industry. The real partnership mechanism was created from the very beginning, with hundreds of businesses from many different industries. It took a lot of time to find contractors and fine-tune the delivery mechanism. Russia has also abandoned the use of imported components,” said expert Kornev. 4th generation nuclear submarine Kazan is a lead nuclear submarine of the fourth generation of project 885M (Yasen class), developed by the Malakhit Marine Design Bureau (Saint Petersburg). The construction of this nuclear submarine is carried out at the facilities of JSC PO Sevmash (Severodvinsk). The Kazan Multi-Purpose Nuclear Submarine is designed to destroy enemy surface ships, submarines, transport vehicles and ground targets. The submarine is equipped with eight vertical launch tubes, salvo-type launchers for Kalibr and Onyx high-precision cruise missiles, with ranges of up to 1,500 and 300 km. The Kazan nuclear submarine was developed by the Malakhit Marine Design Bureau. According to the developer, these weapons can engage highly protected, grouped targets, including those equipped with anti-missile defense systems. In addition, the attack weapon of the project 885/885M nuclear submarine is also equipped with 30 533 mm caliber torpedoes. The main operational characteristics of the Kazan and Yasen-class ships have not yet been revealed. However, according to experts, this modernized nuclear submarine is similar to the Project 885 Severodvinsk submarine, which entered service with the Northern Fleet in June 2014 in weight, size, and weapons. work, construction characteristics and speed. Analysts say the difference is mainly related to onboard equipment, including electronics and sonar equipment. The length of the Yasen-class submarine is about 139 m, the width is about 13 m, the draft is 10 m, the displacement is about 8,600 tons, underwater up to 13,800 tons. The ship is capable of independent operation for 100 days. The multi-purpose submarine can dive to a depth of 600 m and reach a speed of 57.4 km / h underwater. According to a report by the Malakhit Maritime Design Bureau, this project 885 nuclear submarine has a mixed architecture and structure with a sturdy double-hull structure, made of high-strength steel. Expert Dmitry Kornev explained that the engineers of the Malakhit Marine Design Bureau considered a two-hull scheme for the production of nuclear submarines. The two-body scheme is resistant to mechanical damage, but is more expensive and has a relatively high noise level. Accordingly, a reasonable solution was found at Yasen when the two hulls together covered the bow of the submarine and the structural elements near the launch pad, i.e. the parts that bear the greatest load. The hull of project 885/885M is divided by strong bulkheads into 8 compartments, including: main bridge, torpedo compartment, living quarters, electromechanical, missile, reactor, turbine and auxiliary compartment. aid. “To create optimal conditions for the operation of the hydroacoustic complex, the torpedo tubes were removed from the bow and placed at an angle to the center plane. A large diameter GAK (hydroacoustic complex) spherical antenna is located at the end of the bow,” the Malakhit Maritime Design Bureau report states. The quality of the sonar equipment plays an extremely important role in the performance of the assigned tasks of nuclear submarines in the vast range of the ocean. Yesen submarine hydroacoustic complex system is used to detect enemies, classify targets, find interference direction, measure ice thickness, detect mines and torpedoes, search for ice holes to fly up and launch. safe rocket. Also according to the developer, the main power unit of the project 885/885M nuclear submarines belongs to the new generation. It consists of a pressurized water reactor and a modular single-shaft steam turbine unit, with various mechanisms and redundancies, capable of reducing the acoustic parameters of the submarine. Another technical innovation in Yasen-class submarines is a rescue chamber designed to evacuate the entire crew. This equipment is improved by domestic experts, taking into account the experience of domestic and foreign submarine accidents and incidents. The main nuclear submarine of the Russian Navy According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, the project 885M submarines “will become an important part of the offensive power” of the Russian Navy and will be able to effectively operate as part of a strike group at any distance. any way compared to the base points. The crew of the project 885M Kazan nuclear submarine. Photo: Russian Ministry of Defense. “In the Yasen-M class nuclear submarine project, a number of technical solutions were used that were not previously used in domestic submarine construction. The basic components of the electronic weapon complexes, modernized equipment and rescue systems are exclusively Russian products,” the Russian military agency said. In the immediate future, the nuclear-powered submarines of Project 885M will become the main multi-purpose nuclear submarine of the Russian Navy. Currently, seven such submarines are under construction, including Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Arkhangelsk, Perm, Ulyanovsk, Voronezh and Vladivostok. Experts expect that the construction and testing of these submarines will not take much time, as the verification of technical solutions and the building of cooperative relationships have been successfully completed during construction. Kazan nuclear submarine. “The official transfer of Kazan to the navy allows us to conclude that the main difficulties for the implementation of the plans for the Yasen-M project have been overcome. This is a modern, fully Russian nuclear submarine. It is superior to all existing nuclear submarines abroad in terms of overall capabilities”, emphasized expert Kornev. This expert believes that putting project 885M submarines into service will significantly improve the combat capabilities of the Russian Navy. Accordingly, in the future the Yasen-M nuclear submarine will receive Zircon hypersonic missiles in its arsenal. Currently, this weapon is still being tested. Expert Igor Korotchenko said that the appearance of nuclear-powered ships of project 885M will increase the offensive and defensive capabilities of the Russian Navy. Yasen-class submarines will significantly strengthen the position of the Russian Navy, allowing a more efficient and high-quality implementation of the assigned tasks. “With the introduction of new nuclear submarines, the Russian Navy will receive a significant increase in submarine nuclear deterrence,” concluded Korotchenko.

The aircraft carrier Admiral Kuznetsov. “During the upgrade process, the old-generation surveillance system Rezistor-K42 will be replaced by the digital system Rezistor-E. Currently, Rezistor-E has been equipped on the Navy’s aircraft carrier INS Vikramaditya. Indian Army and has proven very effective and reliable,” the Russian Navy said. While operating in India, Indian pilots performed a total of more than 1,500 safe takeoffs and landings on INS Vikramaditya with the help of Rezistor-E. When activated, Rezistor-E has a digital communication and data exchange channel with fighter ships such as MiG-29K, MiG-29KUB and even Su-33 of the Russian Navy. “The Rezistor-E system enhances the ability to exchange communications between the mother ship and the fighter in any weather conditions as well as in the environment of electronic jamming. All information is exchanged with real-time speed, which the current Rezistor-K42 cannot do,” the source said. It is known that Rezistor-E is part of a series of new systems in the program to upgrade the controversial Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier in Russia. According to the latest information from the Russian National Shipbuilding Corporation, the ship will return to service in early 2022 or in the middle of that year. “By the summer of 2022 at the latest, the Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier will be docked again and then put into sea trials,” the source said. Despite the announcement of the plan to test the Admiral Kuznetsov, the source did not indicate the progress of repairing and upgrading the ship after the sinking of the floating dock PD-50 in 2018 and the fire at the end of 2019. After a detailed assessment of the damage along with the prospect of upgrading work, as well as a comparison with the needs of the Russian Navy and an estimate of the remaining service life of the ship, the issue of most concern now is Now is the overhaul process should continue? And the Russian Navy has answered when it announced that the Admiral Kuznetsov will be back at sea in 2022. According to a review from the Russian site Regnum, after encountering a fire during repair, the cost of remediating the Admiral Kuznetsov ship has increased sharply and up to the present time is comparable to that of the Admiral Kuznetsov. the money spent to build a new nuclear submarine with full armament. “The cost of repairing the Admiral Kuznetsov aircraft carrier is very high and actually corresponds to the cost of building a new multi-purpose nuclear submarine, causing mixed opinions about whether to continue the work or not. . But the Russian Navy still needs an aircraft carrier that can serve for a relatively long period of time in order to significantly enhance the potential of the complete combat formation, especially considering the large number of warships that the force is equipped with. This is desirable,” Regum said.

USS San Francisco was one of the first Los Angeles-class nuclear attack submarines of the United States, built in 1972 and commissioned on April 24, 1981. It is also the quietest submarine in the US Navy. The bow part of the ship was crushed after hitting a mountain. Photo: National Interest USS San Francisco has a displacement of 6,900 tons when submerged, 110 meters long and 10 meters wide. The train is equipped with a General Electric PWR S6G nuclear reactor with a capacity of 35,000 horsepower, helping it to move at a maximum speed of 61km / h. According to the National Interest, the accident occurred with the Los Angeles-class submarine USS San Francisco (SSN-711), on January 8, 2005. At the time of the collision, the ship was near Guam conducting training and preparing to sail to Australia. At that time, the ship was diving at a depth of 160m and moving at a great speed, more than 48km / h. The impact was very strong. The sailors present in the dining room were thrown into the air. In a 60-minute interview, Brian Barnes, a submariner, recalled: “I just saw people lying everywhere. Glass was broken, dishes were splattered, sailors groaned from their injuries, screamed.” The bow of the USS San Francisco was severely damaged, 30m of the front hull was flattened and exposed to the sea. Water flooded the submarine. The urgent task at that time was to urgently pump compressed air into the ballast tanks of the submarine to help the ship float to the surface. The USS San Francisco has a total of 127 crew members. The collision left 98 people injured and many of them were unable to continue operating the ship. Sailor Joseph Allen Ashley was wounded in the head and later died. Another sailor broke both arms but still managed to open the submarine’s air valve to fill the ballast tanks. Danny Hager, who monitors the submarine’s depth gauge, had a terrifying experience after the valves were opened. “I told everyone that the ship was at a depth of 160m. And I kept waiting, 5 seconds, 10 seconds passed and so on I don’t know how much longer, the ship was still at a depth of 160m. The atmosphere is very calm because everyone is waiting for me to announce that we are preparing to come up.” The problem was that the ballast tanks at the front were broken in the collision. The air escapes to the outside. 60 seconds passed and the ship remained unchanged in depth. Fortunately, the aft part of the submarine began to point upwards as the ballast tanks at the aft were filled with compressed air. Danny Hager now feels less worried: “It feels really relieved when I announce the ship has risen to a depth of more than 152m”. Finally, the USS San Francisco also surfaced, but the journey home is still quite far. Fortunately, the nuclear reactor was not damaged in the impact. The crew steered the ship back at a speed of 16km/h and so to return to Guam, it took the ship 52 hours. Unexpected causes Despite its immense firepower and nuclear propulsion, the USS San Francisco, like all submarines, relies on charts providing data on the topography of the seabed. After the investigation, the US Navy found that the submarine used old charts that did not mention the submarine mountain range in the area of ​​​​the ship’s operation. Meanwhile, other maps warn about this mountain range. The charts used by the crew of San Francisco were provided by the Defense Mapping Agency in 1989. By 2008, a study by the University of Massachusetts showed that images obtained from the Landsat satellite showed An underground mountain range more than 30m above the seabed in the area. However, the US Navy did not update this information to the chart. During the repair, the bow of the USS San Francisco was removed and replaced with the bow of the submarine USS Honolulu, which was about to be decommissioned. USS San Francisco rejoined the fleet in 2009 and served for another seven years. It was later converted into a training submarine. Ship commander Kevin Mooney was reprimanded for this unfortunate accident. Several sailors received medals for their brave actions when the ship was in distress. Only the sailor who died Ashley is inscribed at the Navy Memorial in Washington DC So how could the ship survive the high-speed crash into the underground mountains? In 1963, after the sinking of the submarine USS Thresher, the US Navy established the SUBSAFE program. The goal of this program is to ensure that the hull will remain pressurized in the event of an accident and that it can float. This program makes keeping nuclear reactors safe and making them recover from accidents a top priority. If the ship can surface and the nuclear reactor continues to operate, the crew will have a good chance of survival. USS San Francisco has ensured those conditions. Thus, the fact that the USS San Francisco can “survive the accident” is the result of the dedication and relentless research efforts of the US submarine force.

The K-3 was the first nuclear-powered submarine of the Soviet Union. Photo: RBTH The Leninsky Komsomol K-3 nuclear-powered submarine was one of the special cases in which the Soviet Union had to find a way to catch up with the United States. The reason the Soviet Union decided to have nuclear energy submarines In 1945, the United States showed the world the destructive power of new nuclear weapons. However, deploying a nuclear bomb by air (as it did when bombing Japan) also comes with significant risks. At the time, the United States believed that the only “safe” way to deploy nuclear weapons at that time was by means of submarines, which could secretly reach enemy coasts and unleash. the decisive blow. The first nuclear-powered submarine project of the US is implemented in secret. The decision to build the first ship was made in 1951 and on June 14, 1952, the construction of the ship called “Nautilus” officially took place. At the same time, the Soviet Union began building its own nuclear-powered submarines. Russia started the construction of the K-3 submarine in Severodvinsk on September 24, 1955. If the US Nautilus submarines still use the same body frame as diesel-electric submarines and the only difference is that there is an additional nuclear reactor, the K-3 submarine of the Soviet Union has a complete design difference in order to be able to operate under water optimally. Therefore, the nuclear power submarine K-3 of the Soviet Union has a faster speed than the Nautilus. The K-3 submarine has a maximum displacement of more than 3,000 tons when floating and 4,750 tons when diving, and can travel at speeds of more than 50 km / h even though the reactor is not operating at full capacity. The ship was originally designed to attack enemy coastal naval bases with just a massive (1.5 meter) caliber thermonuclear probe. However, this approach was ineffective and too expensive, so it was canceled. Instead, the Soviet Union switched to using torpedoes capable of carrying nuclear warheads. A special feature of the K-3 submarine To increase the stealth level of the K-3, the Soviet Union used special mechanisms to reduce the noise of the interior components, special coating for the entire ship, and low-noise propellers. Some of the special features of the K-3 are that it does not have anchors, does not carry any defense weapons, and does not have an emergency diesel reactor. The K-3 is the first submarine to break 2.5 meters of ice in the Arctic. Photo: Sputnik Later, those who were on the K-3 submarine said that the interior of the ship was like a work of art. Each room is painted a different color and uses bright tones to create a pleasant eye feel. Some of the ship’s bulkheads are made to look like a picture, while others look like a large mirror. All of the equipment on board is made of precious woods and is specially designed to be used in an emergency situation, not just for its original purpose. For example, the large hall table in the lobby can be easily converted into something under certain circumstances. In July 1962, the Soviet nuclear submarine Leninsky Komsomol successfully sailed to the Arctic, four years after a similar American achievement on the Nautilus submarine in 1958. Submarines K-3 also marked the first time in the history of the Soviet Union and later Russia, having a long journey under the ice in the Arctic and twice passing through the northernmost point of the Earth./.

Ship with structural damage with steel parts and cannot be restored. But the second half of the 73-meter submarine was unaffected in the fire. CNN said. Fortunately for the French Navy, a submarine of the Saphir class was decommissioned in 2019, awaiting dismantlement at a shipyard in the port of Cherbourg, northwest France. The front section of the Saphir is still very good. French officials decided to take the first part of the Saphir, combined with the rear of Perle to form a new submarine. The Perle submarine was transferred from the city of Toulon to Cherbourg on a dedicated train in December 2020. At the shipyard, workers cut the Perle in half in February and did the same with the Saphir in March. The Perle submarine was cut in half at the Cherbourg shipyard. Photo: Naval Group. In early April, the second half of the Perle and the front half of the Saphir were fixed to tow them, then welded to connect the two hull halves together. The connection of the two hull parts will be completed in the coming months, said Klara Nadaradjane, spokesman for Naval Group, main contractor. The new submarine is still called the Perle. It will be 1.4 m longer than the original, as an additional component connecting the two halves of the hull is needed. Spokesperson Nadaradjane said the connection of the two halves of the hull was simulated with a 3-dimensional digital model, before being put into practice. However, a Naval Group spokesman did not disclose the cost. The Perle, commissioned in 1993, is the newest of six French Rubis-class nuclear attack submarines. Rubis-class submarines are expected to be replaced by more modern Barracuda-class nuclear attack submarines. However, it was not until 2030 that the last of the Barracuda-class submarines was delivered to the French Navy, forcing them to find a way to repair the Perle submarine. This is the first time the French shipbuilding industry has cut two different ships in half to merge them into one complete ship. Previously, this technique was used by the US to repair their damaged submarines.

Fortunately, the second half of the 2,600-ton submarine, 73 meters long, displaced the water, remained undamaged after the fire. And in the difficult emergence of wisdom, French naval officials had the idea of ​​pairing the rest with its “sister” – the Saphir submarine. Perle nuclear submarine intact. Photo: Reddit Although decommissioned in 2019, and waiting to be dismantled, the Saphir front section remains relatively stable in construction. Therefore, French authorities determined that the ship could still be combined with the back of Perle to form a new attack submarine. Perle was subsequently relocated from Toulon to Cherbourg in December of last year. The workers cut it in half and the Saphir. According to French naval contractor Naval Group, earlier this month, the second half of the Perle and the front half of the Saphir were put on “conveyor” at the shipyard in Cherbourg, so that they can be carefully calibrated and welded. together. Perle submarines after being burned by fire nearly half. Photo: Marine Nationale A Naval Group spokesperson said assembly will continue to be completed in the coming months. The complete submarine, still named Perle, will be about 1.5 meters longer than its “predecessors” thanks to an additional “intersection zone”. The intersection zone on the new version of the Perle submarine will add a bit of living space for about 70 sailors operating inside the ship. Digital model According to Naval Group, all assemblies are simulated using 3D digital methods before being applied to a real ship. This is the effort spent more than 100,000 hours of technical research and 250,000 hours of manual work by more than 300 technicians and shipbuilders. Two pieces of the Perle submarine after being cut in half at the Cherbourg Shipyard, France. Photo: AP Franck Ferrer, Director of Naval Group Services, said in January the new version is expected to return to Toulon by the end of this year, for further engineering and upgrade of the combat system. . The ship will rejoin the French Navy fleet in early 2023. “The implementation of the project for these cases, namely the repairing and joining of parts of two sister ships together, was the first thing Naval Group did in modern history,” said Ferrer. said. Rare luck The Perle was not the first instance of two parts of two different ships being assembled together. According to Thomas Shugart, a retired commander of the American attack submarine, the US Navy did the same thing by replacing the damaged bow of the USS San Francisco with the bow of the soon-to-be retired USS Honolulu. The process of assembling two-part Perle submarines with Saphir. Video: Le Télégramme However, the Perle submarine can “revive” is still considered a rare luck compared to similar cases in the past. In 2012, a disgruntled worker caused a serious fire on the USS Miami submarine, while the ship was undergoing repairs at the port of Portsmouth, Maine (USA). The ship then became a waste product due to the high cost of restoration. By 2020, the amphibious assault ship USS Bonhomme Richard is also damaged by fire while being upgraded in San Diego port (USA). After determining it would take up to $ 3.2 billion and seven years to repair, the USS Bonhomme Richard was finally removed from service with the US Navy.

Russian nuclear submarine and President Putin – illustration.

Russia has every legitimate right to build military might in its northern territories, where thawing ice has opened up new shipping opportunities.

But, this also does not make other nations with access to the Arctic very nervous, especially when there Moscow will place its most terrible weapons.

This is the opinion of Mr. Jorgen Ullerup, a columnist editor of the Jyllands-Posten newspaper in Denmark.

The Danish press expressed particular concern about the arrival of the Poseidon nuclear torpedo at the Russian Armed Forces, which is capable of causing massive radioactive tsunamis and flooding major cities. , crowded coastal areas.

Poseidon nuclear torpedo.

If the weapon is activated, after the impact of the weapon on any “doomsday”, to the coastal settlements in the area, it will be inhabited for decades.

Author Jorgen Ullerup has closely followed information about this weapon known as the “sharp sword” of Russia over the past few years, and it reminds him of the Cold War era.

At that time, the great powers, the Soviet Union and the United States, were competing in an arms race. Today this happens again, with only the Soviet Union – now the Russian Federation, and a third country, China, joined these two adversaries.

Another feature of the modern Cold War, according to Ullerup, is the “hypersonic revolution”, which is the emergence of hypersonic weapons among superpowers, making enemy missile defenses. useless.

According to former US Navy Secretary Thomas Modley, when he told reporters on CNN that hypersonic missiles will soon change military strategy in the same way that nuclear weapons did in the last century.

The two halves of these nuclear submarines cut in half were Perle and Saphir, respectively. From these two halves, the French experts performed grafting into the complete ship.

The French expert said that the reason they can be joined together by two submarines of the same line, both of the Rubis class and identical design.

The two halves of the submarine were prepared to be grafted by France.

The fact that France had to use two halves of two different submarines to combine because in June 2020, a fierce fire that lasted for 14 hours made the front of the Perle submarine on the dock unusable due to steel structure is deformed, some places do not guarantee the original stability.

But the other half of the 73m-long submarine, which displaced 2,600 tons, was unaffected by the fire. Meanwhile, the French Navy has a Saphir, in the same class, which was decommissioned in 2019 and is waiting to be dismantled.

The front part of the Saphir was assessed to be structurally stable, qualified to be paired with the back of Perle to form a complete attack submarine.

The Perle was then cut in half in February and March. After being placed on a calibrated shelf, the second half of Perle and the front half of the Saphir are now fully welded, the French Navy said.

Paired product is still named Perle but a bit longer. Naval Group said that all pre-construction designs are 3D digital modeling and ensure reliability, safety and does not affect the inherent design of the ship’s combat capabilities.

Perle entered service in 1993, the newest of the six Rubis-class nuclear submarines in the French Navy. During a joint resistance exercise in 2015 between the French and US Navy, a Rubis submarine “sank” the US aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt.

This exercise took place within 10 days off the coast of Florida, to test the performance and combat capabilities of this aircraft carrier after 4 years of overhaul at a cost of up to 2.6 billion USD.

The French submarine named SNA Saphir S602, belonging to the Rubis nuclear attack submarine class participated in exercises with the US Navy’s Carrier Task Force No. 12, including the USS Theodore Roosevelt ( CVN-71), multiple Ticonderoga-class cruisers and Arleigh Burke class Aegis destroyers and a Los Angeles-class nuclear attack submarine.

Phase 1 of the maneuvers went well when the French navy’s SNA Saphir nuclear submarine was ordered to join the allied US forces in a simulated conflict, in which the states thought The statue attacked the economic and territorial interests of the United States.

By the second phase of the exercise, the submarine SNA Saphir acted as an enemy submarine, with the mission to find and destroy the giant US aircraft carrier.

To do this, Saphir spent days stalking, bypassing the outer barrier under constant threat from P-3C Orion anti-submarine patrol aircraft and P-8A Poseidon of the US Navy, zones Arleigh Burke class destroyers and other anti-submarine defense ships.

The Saphir dodged the detection of anti-submarine forces, broke into the defense systems of the carrier group to avoid detection of long-range anti-submarine equipment and quietly approached the ship. airports worth billions of dollars of the US Navy.

The Saphir was close to the American aircraft carrier USS Theodore Roosevelt and commanded the carrier to lock the target of the carrier in his periscope. The French submarines were then only a few hundred meters from the American aircraft carrier, within the effective range of anti-ship weapons such as torpedoes and Exoxet anti-ship missiles.

Both the US aircraft carrier combat information center held its breath when it discovered the incident and was alarmed when it was attacked by French ships. An attack order was issued, and the Saphir “sunk” theoretically the USS Theodore Roosevelt and most of her escort ships.

According to the announcement, the test program for the Belgorod submarine and the Poseidon torpedo will be completed in September 2021. The ship is now fully equipped, and factory-grade testing has also been performed.

“The nuclear reactor has been started aboard the Belgorod. The mooring tests are underway. Then there will be factory and state tests. By September, the ship must be completed.” entire test cycle, “the Russian Navy said in a statement.

Super nuclear submarine Belgorod.

“Upon completion of testing and entry into service, the first Belgorod will be us on the Northern Fleet. Then the Pacific Ocean will be the next area for the Belgorod and the Poseidon nuclear torpedo to appear.” , the source added.

Under this plan, the Russian Navy will give priority to equipping a total of 32 nuclear torpedoes for the Northern Fleet and the Pacific Fleet. All of these weapons will be fired from the Khabarovsk-class Belgorod nuclear submarines.

The Belgorod submarines are capable of detecting sea and air targets at a distance of hundreds of kilometers, making them more likely than the Yasen and Borei-class ships.

Talking about the reasons for prioritizing Belgorod and Poseidon for the two regions above, especially the Arctic, the source said, stemming from the increased US operations in the Arctic, especially the move to bring the USS. Harry S. Truman at the end of 2018, dispatched planes to hunt underground and reinforce military bases in this area.

The US has decided to spend $ 1.3 billion to reopen Adak airport and deploy the P-8A. The small runway located on Adak Island in the Aleutian Islands chain is the westernmost airport that can accommodate passenger aircraft in the United States. This small airport currently welcomes 2 flights a week of Air Alaska.

Fully known as the Adak Naval Aviation Facility, this small airport has been commercially operated since the withdrawal of the US Navy in 1997. But due to the increasing activity of Russia and China in the Arctic, the US decided to increase the ability to patrol the North Pole.

“The airport has the fuel facilities that Air Alaska currently uses to fuel its aircraft. The airport also has defrosting facilities that we can use to wash P-8A aircraft with fresh water”, a representative of the US Navy said.

“Russian friends are starting five runways and 10,000 Spetsnaz soldiers (in the Arctic) for search and rescue operations. China has also increased its presence there,” he added. are there “.

In addition to airport renovation and P-8A, the US Department of Defense has also publicly sent the F-35 stealth fighter to Alaska. However, the US military admitted, to compete with Russia in the Arctic, such investment is not enough. To do that, the US needs to have a strong enough icebreaker fleet, but that is not possible for the US at the moment.

As the US currently has only two outdated icebreakers, the Pentagon still has to rely on them to carry out its missions. The US has ordered a new series of icebreakers, but this will take time and they will wait years to have these modern icebreakers.

Meanwhile, Russia has a powerful fleet of icebreakers. First of all, it must be remembered that Russia has a good tradition of arming icebreakers on its own. During the 30s of the last century, during the development of Project 51 Russia created icebreakers and equipped them with some 130 mm and 76 mm caliber cannons, as well as heavy machine guns. All of these warships participated in the military operations of the Great Patriotic War and survived.

These experiences were later used to design nuclear icebreakers. These new types of icebreakers can be equipped with a four-barrel 45 mm automatic gun, ammunition cellar and other equipment. All weapons and ammunition for Soviet nuclear-powered ships were carefully stored in ports.

The Arctic project’s icebreakers can carry two AK-726 twin-barreled 76 mm cannons and four AK-630 six-barrel 30 mm assault rifles. Along with that, the Russian Navy has also started the process of testing with the new generation nuclear-powered icebreaker Ivan Papanin equipped with cruise missiles.

Therefore, it can be said that the Russian icebreaker fleet is the most powerful in the world. So, competing with Russia in the Arctic is almost impossible for the US right now, especially when Russia retrofits Belgorod submarines and Poseidon nuclear torpedoes.