Ha Long Bay can be considered a special tourist area of ​​Quang Ninh, with a population of more than 1,900 large and small rocky islands. This is also a place with high biodiversity with many plant species typical for the limestone mountains, with all colors, creating a vibrant beauty for the rocky mountains of this heritage – this scenic spot. Cottonwood is a precious plant with beautiful flowers and fruits that is bred and planted in many tourist spots on Ha Long Bay. Photo provided by Ha Long Bay Management Board Over the past time, in addition to the usual landscape flowers, the Ha Long Bay Management Board has gradually researched, propagated, planted and preserved a number of typical, beautiful and valuable plants. science of Ha Long Bay, in order to introduce to visitors, so that visitors can approach more closely, such as magnolia tree, yellow lotus orchid, Ha Long palm tree… Specifically, cottonwood tree – endemic plant species of Vietnam, distributed only in very few limestone areas in the country, including Ha Long Bay, is also a plant species on the IUCN Red List. 2007), so far has been propagated and planted with the largest number, up to more than a thousand plants. This plant has a rustic name but has beautiful flowers and fruits with seeds encased in a perianth, forming beautiful dark pink or red flower balls. In the midst of the immense waves and rocks of Ha Long, in the season, the flowers form in patches on the mountains, but it is still difficult for visitors to see clearly. Therefore, the breeding points of cottonwood trees are selected and invested by the unit to both ensure that it is suitable for the living conditions of the tree and can introduce visitors to a beautiful plant species of Ha Long Bay in the near future. The process of visiting heritage sites, such as the foothills of Nui Luong island, Hang So island in Ba Hang area, Thien Cung area, Dau Go area, Vung Ong island, Van Boi island, Ti top island, Sung Sot cave, Me cave Cung, Tien Ong cave, Co cave area, Vong Vieng, Bai Dong… In many places, cottonwood is planted on a large area, such as at Nui Luot island with 800m2. In addition, the golden lotus orchid, which possesses unique beauty, is also one of the valuable plant species of precious genetic resources in Ha Long Bay. Therefore, over the years, the Ha Long Bay Management Board has made a map, zoning and conserving the spot where this orchid species is distributed on the islands of Ha Long Bay. In the future, the unit also anticipates many solutions to preserve and promote the value of this orchid in association with tourist attractions on the Bay, such as in the area of ​​​​Cong Dam fishing village, the dock on the way down of Sung Sot cave, where there are natural vegetation with beautiful shapes and flowers available in these areas… Ba Vang Pagoda has an airy and lively space with many different types of trees and flowers. Create attractive, lively tourist areas If Ha Long is more inclined to use precious plants and flowers right on Ha Long Bay to make scenes and introduce to tourists, many tourist resorts enrich their campus with plants of their own. many regions. On the occasion of the last spring, visitors to the relic area – Cua Ong temple tourist area must be touched by the beauty of more than 70 cherry blossom trees, more than forty Northwestern banyan trees blooming all over the aisles. , the large campus of the project. In the process of planning to expand investment and embellish Cua Ong Temple in recent years, the system of perennial trees in the campus is also focused on protecting and preserving, not only creating shade but also increasing the beauty of the park. submit. Followed by the planting of large and small rose gardens here. Through local statistics, the campus of Cua Ong temple currently has 20 longan, camphor, 9,300 rose trees… In fact, in recent years, many businesses and units have increasingly focused on elaborate investment in the system of landscape trees when building works associated with tourism development. Most tourist attractions often choose plants with brilliant blooms and beautiful shapes to create attractiveness for the work or choose from beautiful trees, typical of the locality. As in Vung Duc tourist area (Cam Pha), businesses have invested hundreds of bougainvillea trees, golden Osaka trees and forest ladders, porcelain flowers and clusters of bamboo and bamboo… In Ba Vang Pagoda (Uong Bi) , Cai Bau Pagoda – Truc Lam Giac Tam Zen Monastery (Van Don) has a very large campus, along with the available natural tree system, it is also planted with many types of perennial trees and plants for beautiful flowers and incense. smells like peach, rose… Yen Duc tourist area is true to the criteria of a country tourist area that has invested in planting real “ornamental” plants, from tall and elegant areca trees to purple water lily ponds, water potatoes, etc. young shoots… Design according to own theme Arhat pine garden is planted right behind Khai Tam Yen Tu gate, mainly in a straight posture, without a fussy pose. Investments in the system of trees and landscapes with ideas and themes include SunGroup’s Yoko Onsen Cam Pha hot mineral bath, Truc Lam Yen Tu Cultural Center of Tung Lam Development Joint Stock Company. At Yoko Onsen, arhat conifer is a typical tree brought from Japan by an enterprise in order to create typical Japanese gardens with traditional roofs, small bridges, shallow streams, etc. In the small villas, the natural space is always planted with a small Arhat pine tree near the outdoor swimming pool… As for the complex of Truc Lam Cultural Center at the foot of Yen Tu Mountain, the system of landscape trees has been invested by businesses for many years, especially concentrated investment with the largest amount from 2018 onwards. . Mr. Le Trong Thanh, Deputy General Director of Tung Lam Development Joint Stock Company, shared: More than 700 years ago, the cycads were planted by Zen groups in Yen Tu, forming beautiful and meaningful populations of ancient cycads. The current. Now, the Bodhi path leading to Buddha’s land from Doc Do to the foot of Yen Tu mountain has been realized as a symbol of the path to liberation and enlightenment and is expected to be extended to Ngoa Van, where Buddha Emperor Tran Nhan Tong entered nirvana. More than 9,000 rose trees have been planted to create a landscape at Cua Ong temple relic so far. Many perennial trees such as longan, camphor… are preserved, creating a beautiful landscape for the Cua Ong temple relic site (Cam Pha). In the space at the foot of Yen Tu mountain, the unit has planted thousands of trees of dozens of themed types, close to Vietnamese life and hidden meaning to Yen Tu. In particular, the population of trees with meanings associated with Buddhism can be mentioned such as: Bodhi tree, Arhat pine, pine needle, bamboo, Dai, banyan, fig tree, poppy tree… Tung Arhat here is planted in zones, behind the gate of Initiation are 108 trees, representing 108 afflictions in human life mentioned in Buddhist teachings, with the implication of dissolving, dissolving the inconvenience for visitors. Yen Tu is associated with Truc Lam Zen sect, so the enterprise also invests in planting bamboo rows and clusters by the lake, along the road to Truc Lam palace, interspersed between houses in Nuong village … both creating an elegant and medium landscape. meaningful to Yen Tu. Mr. Thanh said that the village of Nuong means the place to live at the foot of the mountain of the ancient beauties who followed King Tran Nhan Tong to Yen Tu. Therefore, the diversity of the tree system in Yen Tu is like reminiscent of their old countryside, which is also very close to the lives of Vietnamese people. In which, large trees for shade can include persimmon, Sala, crocodile, white milkweed, camphor, and sesame buds. The population of fruit trees includes jackfruit, grapefruit, persimmon, star fruit, peach, apricot. Trees for flowers and incense have jade orchids, rhododendrons, canary flowers, phoenixes, bougainvillea, rice flowers… Besides, there are thousands of m2 planted with background plants, such as string of pearls, yellow peanuts, hydrangeas, etc. Indigenous plants that are grown a lot in the tourist area at the foot of Yen Tu mountain can also be mentioned. Yen Tu yellow apricot trees, azaleas, myrtle…, have been propagated and planted in quite large numbers by the unit. Rhododendron is one of the indigenous plants planted by breeding enterprises in Yen Tu. The idea and topic of planting trees in the tourist area at the foot of Yen Tu were consulted by the unit in many places, from consulting cultural and historical experts, landscape experts and the advice of experts. The architect of the project is Mr. Bill Bensley. Accordingly, the unified view is not to plant trees that are pruned too sophisticatedly, but towards trees bearing the Vietnamese soul, fruit trees, incense and flowers like home garden plants, close to Vietnamese life. Enterprises want to borrow trees to express Yen Tu’s zen spirit, simply and more naturally. Even the Arhat pine tree is not pruned to create a sophisticated posture, but mainly a straight shape, with the hope that the tree will grow up to create shade later. In order to have a population of green trees and fruits in four seasons like today, the company has invested a lot of effort and annual care costs, up to tens of billions of dong so far, creating more attractive highlights for customers. tourists when returning to Yen Tu sacred mountain.

Professor, Doctor of Science Tran Duy Quy, Director of the Asia-Pacific Institute of Science and Technology Cooperation and Chairman of the Vietnam Orchid Association, said the above price is not virtual. “With mutant orchids such as: Lan Vinh Khang, Dai Cat, Ngoc Son Cuoc…, if you achieve all the strictest elements of a beautiful orchid, the price will fluctuate from 1-10 billion VND/cm kie. (seedlings develop from the eyes of the mother plant)”, Mr. Quy said. How much does a mutant orchid cost? “There is no set price for mutant orchids. The expensiveness of a mutant orchid depends on the rarity and beauty of each plant,” Quy said and said that there are about 35,000 species of orchids in the world, about 1,010 species in Vietnam alone, while mutant orchids have about 100 varieties. According to the professor, not every mutation will be expensive. There are mutant orchid varieties costing only a few tens of thousands of dong such as: Hac Vy Trang, Phi Diep Trang… These are popular orchids in the playing community and market, easy to find in nature, widely propagated. cobble. Orchid currently has about 35,000 different types in the world. Photo: Hainan. Meanwhile, Dai Ngan Butterfly, Juliet, Ngoc Son Cuoc, Pleiku Eyes… are some mutant orchids with very expensive market prices. The reason explained by Mr. Quy is that these orchids are created by nature over millions of years, and at the same time, the flowers that grow from these orchids reach perfection on very strict criteria. As an example of the white 5-petal mutant orchid Phu Tho, the President of the Vietnam Orchid Association said this orchid was found by a Central Circus in 1972 in Phu Tho. Then, they hand it over to the indigenous people to cultivate. “Currently, there are five white-petaled white berries in Phu Tho that are valued at 400-500 million VND/cm. But to have this price, the flowers from the tree must be perfect,” said Mr. Quy. Specifically, the tree structure must be clean – green (ie, no stains, no other colors); cotton must be pure white or clear as jade; horizontal “shoulder” – “wing” gourd; “eyes” are scratched like a girl’s eyelashes or must be very dark; hairy “lips”; The distinctive and special seductive fragrance “nose” must be so clean and white as snow. The “parts” of an orchid. Photo: HN When meeting the above criteria, according to Mr. Quy, a 5-petal white Phu Tho orchid can be sold for hundreds of billions of dong, depending on the height of the tree. “There are flowering mutant orchids that achieve all the requirements such as horizontal shoulders, gourd wings, fragrance… But if the nose of white flowers will cost a few billion, the nose of other crops will only be a few hundred thousand.” Mr. Quy shared. The professor said that currently, Vietnam has no council or agency or organization that accepts responsibility for pricing orchids. The price will be evaluated and given by the people in the playing community. The more people rate beautiful flowers, the higher the price. Therefore, recently, when the spread of orchids “bloomed”, the demand for orchids increased dramatically, leading to the price of orchids being “blown” higher than the real value. Mr. Quy said that this situation will decrease and end when the sudden supply of orchids balances with demand. Being deceived because of cheap greed, gullible gullibility According to the President of the Vietnam Orchid Association, there are two types of mutant orchids, natural mutations and artificial mutations. Natural mutation is a change in the nature of genes but occurs naturally, accumulated over millions of years and selected by nature, retaining the essence. Humans when finding this natural mutant will often use and propagate it. At the same time, the natural mutant orchid lines will have a very expensive price because of its rarity. Meanwhile, artificially mutated orchids are essentially changes to the plant’s genome but are influenced by humans. This has the disadvantage that the mutation in the gene can disappear and return to the original form (due to rapid artificialification, the gene structure is not stable). In addition, artificial mutations also have a very low probability of success, depending heavily on luck. “Artificial mutant orchid creators often orient mutations according to inherent standards such as horizontal shoulders, gourd wings, clean nose… But the results are rarely perfect, successful mutations but not recognized”, Mr. Quy shared. In the picture is kie lan (seedlings develop from the eyes of the mother plant). Photo: Hainan. Talking about the situation of scams when transactions spread suddenly recently, the professor said that people who are deceived are often greedy, inexperienced and gullible. “Scammers often use social networks to advertise. They take pictures, attach the name of mutant orchids and then sell them. These scammers often never dare to publicly disclose the exact name or address of the garden.” Mr. Quy commented when talking about transaction frauds spreading through the network. As for many cases, the victims went to the garden to see the mutant orchids with their own eyes, but when they bought the kies, they discovered they were cheated, Professor Quy said that the buyers were inexperienced. “It is not possible to detect or distinguish mutant orchids from normal orchids through kies. All kies are the same, only when flowering will they know if it is a mutant orchid or not,” the professor recommended. Experts give advice when dealing with orchids that need a paper contract, must find reputable places, come to the garden to see the tree and have the testimony of many people.

Orchid nursery nursery Di Linh – the result of the project of breeding In-vitro fake crane orchids by the Center for Science and Technology Application (under the Department of Science and Technology of Lam Dong Province). The technique of propagation by plant tissue culture (In-vitro) is no longer strange in Lam Dong province in general and Da Lat city in particular. The application of this technology to propagate the species of Orchid Di Linh was first deployed by the Center for Science and Technology Application. The project was completed, completed and accepted by Mr. Phan Quoc Chinh, Deputy Director of Lam Dong Center for Science and Technology Application and his colleagues. To select the original source of quality seed, the people who carried out the project had to collect Gia Hac Di Linh orchids in Da Lat city and Di Linh district, in orchid gardens that met strict standards. Sampled plants must have an average height of 30-40 cm, have 14-16 pairs of leaves, average trunk diameter of about 4mm and be planted in plastic or terracotta pots. Each tree has 4-5 fruits and the physiological ripening rate is not equal. Selected fruits that should be dark green and physiologically ripe, of the specified size, without cracks, were collected for inclusion in the sample. After cleaning and disinfecting, samples of Di Linh falcon will be propagated in-vitro according to the following summary procedure: Initial culture stage to create buds and clusters of buds; rapid multiplication stage; rooting stage to create a complete plant. These three stages take about 28 weeks, then the seedlings (5cm tall, 4cm long roots, good growth, dark green leaves) are brought to the nursery to plant and take care of. After about 24 weeks, the plant can be grown with a height of 5-7cm, with 4-5 leaves. According to Mr. Phan Quoc Chinh, plants grown in an In-vitro environment must ensure the conditions of temperature, humidity and light intensity according to certain cycles. In addition to the results of creating a series of fake crane orchids, the project also built a standard process for propagating this plant by the In-vitro method and can be transferred to other units. “During the implementation, we tried to add ripe banana pulp, coconut water to the culture medium. The results showed that shoot formation and shoot growth also increased faster than normal, “- Mr. Chinh said. Very cheap price Seedlings of Phalaenopsis orchids are extracted and put into nutrient bags to be raised in the laboratory before being sent to the nursery. After completing the In-vitro propagation process, the first 500 orchid seedlings were brought to the nursery at the Don Duong Experimental Station (Don Duong District) and continued to be tested on many different types of media within a short period of time. 3 months. As a result, the rate of plants living outside the nursery reached 90%. Among the types of substrates put into the experiment, the coir fiber medium helped the plant grow best, the height of the tree reached 5.6 cm; The root length is 3.70 cm, the survival rate is 95% and the tree has a large stem, dark green leaves, many leaves. According to Mr. Nguyen Nhu Chuong, Director of Lam Dong Center for Science and Technology Application, after the acceptance of the project, the Center continues to propagate about 3,000 plants to supply domestic and foreign markets at an export price. selling for only about 25,000 VND/seedling. “The method of tissue culture in the laboratory makes it possible to propagate many times larger numbers than natural breeding. Therefore, the price that the Center is selling to the market today is normal,” said Mr. Chuong. From the research results of the topic, Lam Dong Center for Applied Science and Technology has developed a baseline standard for the Di Linh Giac Giac orchid seedling and was continued by the Sub-Department of Cultivation and Plant Protection. take. Thereby, the genetic resources of rare forest orchids originating in the locality are preserved and developed. A Di Linh Fake Orchid is eligible for sale for 25,000 VND / tree, very cheap compared to the current market. According to Mr. Ho Anh Dung, Vice Chairman of Da Lat Flower Association, the quality of In-vitro seedlings will ensure higher uniformity and superiority compared to traditional methods, serving the conservation of seed resources. and commercial purposes. The first-line mother tree has been carefully selected, which will help the seedlings to preserve the best characteristics of the mother plant, not only the Di Linh orchid but also precious plants such as Ngoc Linh ginseng, Camellia flower .. .