Not only that, perfume is also divided into two different lines, Designer and Niche. Designer and Niche perfumes are different in price, production quantity… Photo: @kaiagerber. What is Designer Perfume? Designer perfumes are cosmetics produced by companies that do not specialize in perfumery. According to the definition of experts, products produced by brands Dior, Gucci, Valentino… are all considered Designer perfumes. They created this perfume line with the purpose of synchronizing the brand’s fashion products. Not specializing in the production of perfumes, these cosmetics are usually simple scents. This helps to reach users and reduce costs. Designer perfumes often come from fashion brands such as Chanel, Dior, Gucci… Photo: WBWSP. The advantage of Designer perfume is the safe scent, reasonable price, easy-to-find products, and especially from famous brands. However, the disadvantage of Designer perfume is that it is produced in large quantities in an industrial factory. Therefore, the scent is easy to mass, difficult to show the individual personality of the user. Some brands also launch high-end collections, affirming their class and asymptotic to the Niche perfume line, typically Tom Ford. What kind of product line is Niche? Niche is a phrase that refers to long-standing perfume brands, separate from scents that are not mass-produced. The goal of this product line is to touch the emotions and celebrate the sophistication of the user. Niche perfumers are always looking for new, unique scents that don’t follow trends. The Perfume Association uses the term Niche to talk about products that are produced on a small scale, rarely appearing in retail chains such as Clive Christian, Creed, Amouage, Serge Lutens, Diptyque, Byredo, Aftelier, Acqua di Parma, Annick Goutal, Guerlain… The products that are born are all works of art and are aimed at the depth and individuality of the user. Each company chooses its own creative philosophy to make a difference and leave a mark in the hearts of customers. Niche perfume is expensive. Photo: Pinky Moods. Some brands such as Aftelier, Ayala Moriel, JoAnne Bassett or Florascent use exclusive aromatherapy, including alcohol. Most Niche fragrances have a secret formula that helps the scent to last many times longer than Designer products. The price of Niche perfume is not cheap. At a volume of 50 ml, the products are priced at 150-500 USD, higher than the 100-200 USD level of the Designer perfume line. . Some special editions like Annick Goutal’s Eau d’Hadrien, JAR’s Bolt of Lightning, Joy with Jean Patou, Poivre’s Caron… are priced at $500-2,000. No 1 Passant Guardant by Clive Christian is priced at $220,000 for 30 ml. “Exclusiveness keeps customers yearning for perfume again,” Thierry Wasser – perfumer in Guerlain – shares on Vogue .

With glorious victories, Napoleon dominated nearly all of Europe for more than a decade, but ended up in sickness. Photo: Wikimedia Commons The most famous general and former Emperor in French history died on May 5, 1821 on the remote island of Saint Helena in the middle of the Atlantic, where he had to live in exile for six years after his surrender. British army. Although the autopsy results suggested that the cause of his death was stomach cancer, many conspiracy theories have emerged: from Napoleon being poisoned at the hands of his captors, or the wallpaper. in his house was soaked with arsenic. One rumor even claims that the remains of the emperor currently housed at the tomb in Paris are faked, as Napoleon fled to America. Recently, biomedical scientist Parvez Haris, of De Montfort University in Leicester (UK) has a new theory: Napoleon was poisoned by his favorite aromatic oils. Military genius has gone through many years of using perfume bluff, even a few bottles a day. 1826 painting by French painter Émile Jean-Horace Vernet depicts Napoleon on the hospital bed. Previous studies from the US have shown that essential oils can act as “endocrine disruptors”, affecting hormones, leading to growth disorders and tumors. According to Professor Haris, overexposure to these essential oils explains a lot about Napoleon’s declining health in the last years of his life, including his deadly stomach cancer. Victims of essential oils Napoleon not only was exposed to excessive amounts of essential oils through the use of Eau de Cologne (a low-essential perfume line), he also drank orange perfume regularly, and as a native of Corsica, he is fan of citrus fruits – all of which are high in essential oils. In 2017, a study by the New England Journal of Medicine concluded that abuse of tea tree and lavender essential oils could cause so-called gynecomastia in boys. This is a swelling in a man’s breast tissue, and according to some reports Napoleon may have had it as well. Painting Napoleon riding a horse across the Saint-Bernard Pass in the Alps in May 1800. The above documents also show that he may suffer from hairless body disorder, and often complain of being cold, having to heat up during the summer. Both of those signs were consistent with a disruption to his endocrine system. Napoleon also suffers from epilepsy, which recent research has also shown is linked to excessive essential oils exposure. “The investigators actually missed a big, obvious problem with Napoleon’s death,” explained Professor Haris. He said he was so sure of his findings that he could give evidence. “In any court of the world”. Antommarchi Antommarchi mask of Napoleon, at a museum in Paris. Photo: DM “Many people point out that Napoleon’s hair samples, taken while he were alive, have high levels of arsenic, but this theory has now been disproved. Most people in the Napoleonic period had high levels of arsenic in their bodies because arsenic was found in the medicines and cosmetics used at that time, ”said Professor Haris. Mr. Haris continued: ‘What they missed is the huge amount of perfume that Napoleon applied to his body every day. He lives surrounded by perfume, he even sprayed it directly on his face and eyes because it was mistaken for water “. Essential oil – a double-edged sword According to Professor Haris, Napoleon was a great advocate of perfumes, which had only been commercially produced since 1792. At that time, only very rich and powerful people could afford them. One theory is that Napoleon’s remains in the tomb in Paris (pictured) are fake and Napoleon escaped to America. According to Professor Haris, prolonged overexposure to essential oils explains Napoleon’s declining health in the last years of his life. Photo: DM Although Napoleon disliked doctors and avoided their medication, he was still convinced by the health benefits of perfumes. He is said to have once said that perfumes “are protection against many diseases. “So for at least 20 years, Napoleon bathed his body in perfume, he poured perfume down from his head, and in some cases he literally soaked in that water”, Giao Haris said. “He carries many bottles of perfume even during military campaigns. The data shows that Napoleon consumes 2-3 bottles of Eau de Cologne per day, while today, people use only 1 bottle for the whole year! ”. At one point, Napoleon’s perfumer Gervais Chardin ordered 50 bottles of Eau de Cologne water per month. An invoice in 1806 shows him supplying 162 bottles of perfumes for a total of 423 francs. It is thought that Eau de Cologne reminded the French Emperor at that time of his hometown, Corsica, because one of the main ingredients of the fragrance was rosemary, which grows between cliffs and Rock land on the Mediterranean island. Map of the island of St Helena, where Napoleon was exiled, in the Indian Ocean. For Napoleon, the Eau de Cologne is a double-edged sword. Perfumes mainly contain alcohol and therefore are capable of acting as an antiseptic. This could have saved his life by protecting him from deadly bacteria or viruses while participating in campaigns in different regions of Europe as well as Asia (Syria) and Africa (Egypt). . However, it eventually killed him for being overused for decades ”, Professor Haris concludes. “There is no doubt in my opinion that Eau de Cologne is the primary poison, although co-exposure to other chemicals, including arsenic, may have contributed to poor health. and eventually death from stomach cancer ”. According to many accounts, the last years of Napoleon’s life – after his defeat at the Battle of Waterloo – were of little honor to the former emperor. The Longwood House on windy St Helena Road – where Napoleon was moved in exile – is said to have fallen into disrepair, damp and musty. The Duke of Wellington (riding forward) and Field Marshal Blucher commanded the Battle of Waterloo, defeating Napoleon’s army. Photo: DM Napoleon himself had repeatedly written letters complaining about his living conditions with St Helene Island Governor Hudson Lowe, when his servants complained of colds, wet floors and poor supplies. Lowe responded by restricting Napoleon’s spending and placing constraints on the gifts he was allowed to receive from the outside world. Barry O’Meara, Napoleon’s private physician, also warned British authorities that conditions at Longwood House, where the former French Emperor lived during his exile, appeared to be detrimental to his health. Meanwhile, modern researchers have also pointed out that Napoleon’s death was due to a copper arsenite-containing dye in the wallpaper at Longwood House, which is believed to have produced the poison gas. However, deprived exile does not seem to reduce the fire in Napoleon. He spent the rest of his life writing memoirs, writing a book about the hero Julius Caesar and having dinner parties as if he weren’t a captive. Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821 after six years in exile on the mid-Atlantic island of Saint Helena.

Have you watched “Creation 4” & “Blue 3” recently! ?Budya, I am chasing by zqsg!Lee RoadrepairIndifferent face Simply addicted!

In addition, I also like itLiu Yuof,The life character of the cleaner~ It’s hard not to love 8 hahahaha! !

It is said that half a bottle of perfume that he sprayed in half a month,Use perfume directly as an air freshenerUsed~

Probably every exquisite boy or girl likes to spray perfume 8~ It’s really super particular

If we say that clothes are used to show a person’s external image. Then,Perfume is used to express a more real temperament and taste in a person!

so, Yaya will come directly to Amway today15 types of fragrances suitable for spring and summerwater, It’s all my private possession!

Before Amway starts, let’s give everyone a comment10 seconds of small science of perfume!

Special for young people to enjoy??

I divided the categories according to the scent type. You can check the seats~

Alright, now officially press the head Amway, are you ready? ? ?

As a 4711 headed flower who is 7 steps away in the wind-White Peach Coriander(Coriander), you have to take it out and chat with everyone! (The fragrance time is very short)

Fat intestines are suitable for cute girls, with a sense of water and spiritfeel. If you like Jimei with peach fragrance, this bottle is perfect.

Its white peach taste is very slender and clear, and it feels that every fluff on the peach can be seen clearly.

cr: JIYEONISME

No coriander at all, Replaced by the herbal fragrance of green leaves, which is probably the satisfaction of smelling a whole peach forest.

cr: Zhang is neither warm nor cold

The super refreshing fruit aroma can make the inner plant full of vitality throughout the summer.

I feel that ZARA’s perfume has been scented recently, not onlyFace value online,fragrancealso veryinline.

cr: BG Bin

I have to say that this isA male and female taste, very comfortable juice fragrance, like a natural body fragrance.

cr: BG Bin

When sprayed on your body, it will really give you “a bite of it and the feeling of overflowing apple juice.”

cr: delicious and not thin_

It does not smell very “young”, but like a 20-year-old between a girl and a woman,Feeling of youthful AI, Bright and warm, gentle and sweet feeling.

This fig fragrance from 1902,It’s the kind of fresh milky fragrance that girls would like, probably better than love 8~

cr: Grillababy

First of all, its bottle is very eye-catching. The minimalist packaging of Podos 1902 really pokes me. The pink liquid and the transparent bottle are full ofGirly feeling~

cr: Grillababy

Its top note is a blend of delicate figs and fresh citrus, and the middle note adds the fragrance of fig leaves.

Finally, the appearance of white musk & woody fragrance brings a pleasant sense of relaxation and happiness.

cr: February 17

Milky flavor with juice, it feels evenThe air is pinkIt’s ???

Simple but not boring, unique and unique, very suitable for literary girls.

This perfume is probably one of my natural fragrances~

The one who likes to use blackberry and laurel must be oneDual personalityThe person, the dual personality determines her charm.

cr: a bitch who can’t eat fat

The top notes are juicy blackberries, which are exceptionally joyful.

It’s hard to ignore the good mood of picking blackberries in childhood.

cr: choking small spicy strips

At the middle note, the laurel began to appear, and a layer of texture was steadily laid.Half sweet and half bitter, half lively and generally abstinenta feeling of.

cr: Missraine

The cedar wood of the post-adjustment is like the warm soil deep in the jungle being dried by the sun, while wantonly, while restraining it, just like after getting drunk the previous night, he wore neat makeup and exquisitely went to the next date.

cr: Missraine

U1S1, I have used two bottles of 100ML for this perfume, it’s really hard to resist it.Warm and handsomeThe fragrance of it seems to say:The adult world is not complicated, but exciting.

Blings is a cutting-edge domestic make-up and perfume brand.

The scent of this one isA touch of coffee, Will not be pungent, but make people fall in love with this taste. Very sexy and charming, very temperamental and mysterious.

cr: Ah Meng is not men

On the one hand, it is full of the asceticism of nuns, on the other hand, it is full of feminine feeling.

cr: Jahmajesty/Mo Xiaobai

When it first came out, the scent of citrus coffee was overflowing, everything was just right, and people couldn’t help but smell it. This special coffee scent can also wake up a new day.

cr: Mo Xiaobai

Very cost-effective, it is a fragrance that can be chosen by sisters with a small budget

The Burberry classic plaid style continues on the packaging, but this one has quite aReverse scriptkillFeel the perfume.

cr: cheeseeven7

At the beginning, it was a rampaging deer, the kind that can set off a cold wind when running.

Then the bitterness and astringency of almonds are fully revealed in the sweetness, and wrapped in the tenderness and delicateness of peony.

Finally, there is a warm woody tone, which can smell the simplicity of paper.

cr: DD

The contrast between the front and the back is so great that there are two heavens of ice and fire. It’s hazy, and it’s a bit provocative.

cr: cheeseeven7

Isn’t this the realm of the highest female sea king?

Sultry invisible, I want to catch it, the front and back are very different,If you want to hold her, you have to experience being slipped by her first!

YSL Free Water is definitely the inner perfume belonging to the heroine???

cr: Liu Sansan 633

The water of freedom just sprayed in the morning is like a sister Gao Lengyu wearing a black velvet dress. At night, she becomes a gentle goddess who stepped back tired and listened to jazz.

A sense of difference of strength and flexibility, This is probably the charm of the heroine 8~

cr: Michellaccc

Goose, this is the first YSL to incorporateHigh-definition designAsymmetrical bottle cap + golden necklace, isn’t it just like his iconic chain bag?

cr: Michellaccc

Coupled with the classic metal embossed logo on the bottle body, it completely breaks the inherent shape of ordinary perfume bottles.

cr: Michellaccc

If you also want to pursue the feeling of being a queen, you can’t go wrong with this bottle!

Chaling is a high-end skin care brand based on Chinese tea culture by LVMH, so the official domestic channel is Sephora.

cr: Uncle Marupaper

This tea fragrance is one of the tea fragrances that I have tried over the past few years.It’s the fragrance closest to the Chinese tea itself.

cr: Uncle Marupaper

It is very realistic with the tea aroma of Pu-erh tea and yerba mate as the main notes, and it is more biased towards the freshness of the raw.

cr: Lily little

I think it gives me a feelingSweet warm tea taste, very gentle and not aggressive.

It’s like a girl living in a tea house, exuding a light tea fragrance from the inside out, and mixed with a little floral fragrance of natureVery clear.

This 1902 white tea has a clean and clear taste.It’s clean and doesn’t smell like powder.

cr: A big mouthful of 77

Just like you wearing a white shirt in summer with water dripping on your hair, it’s completelyyouthFeel a bitZhangchildmapleInside taste.

cr: mixed world puppy

This fresh and cold taste really makes me want to stop,It’s like lying on the runway with my boyfriend, letting the wind blow and watching the white clouds, refreshing and clean.

After thinking about it for a long time, what should I use to describe this perfume, probablyWonderland Garden8~

It is a gardenia version of tea, with less bitterness of green tea and more floral sweetness.

cr: wild small S

It’s like sitting in the backyard surrounded by gardenia trees and making a cup of tea on a sunny weekend, like a wisp of clear smoke that can be seen and drifting far away.Bright but unassuming.

cr: wild small S

With its light green packaging, it is minimalist and advanced. Girls who spray this bottle of perfume in summer will definitely stand out~

This perfume is a very clean soap scent, just likeThe cotton shirts exposed to the sun are very kind, without any sense of gender., Is a particularly good smell of washing powder.

cr: sweet 囡囡_

I like to spray it on pillows and quilts. Even if I can’t really be blessed by the sun, the smell can bring it into that scene.

cr: sweet 囡囡_

If you want to use a person to describe it, it’s likeBian Boxian,Simple, sunny, youthful, clear and bright, Really makes people nostalgic.

useWind signEveryone of you is the most appropriate to describe Kenzo’s love of wind.

cr: It’s Yingjoo

The wind signs are eclectic and do whatever they want. In all the days, you can always find the joy of life.

cr: small grey goose and goose sauce

It is as refreshing and clean as the breeze, the lemon in the top is fresh and comfortable, but the tail is thin and tall cedar.

Like a boyfriend wearing a white cotton T and riding a bicycle to take you fast, his clothes are full of wind, and your face is full of smiles~

To be honest, I used to think that Chole’s perfume was a bit earthy, but later I found out that it was my problem!

Its scent is really in line with the Asian orientation, and it is still the same style as Wang Feifei~

cr: DKL-537

Its tasteCool and chic, But there is another kind of heavy snow pressing the green pine, but the green pine is upright and arrogant.

cr: Princess Chic

I entered the series of Wonderland Garden because of my beauty, and because I like the name, I blindly touched the Northland Cedar. After I bought it, it really didn’t disappoint me.

cr: DKL-537/Chic Qin Princess

After the coldness of the cedar, superimposed is the warm sun, sprinkled on the warm white sweater, lazy but infinite aftertaste.

Finally talking about my favoriteWater system incenseNow, the first thing I want to talk about is Bulgari’s sea blue.

cr: hey standard

The first time I smelled this perfume, my brother sprayed it, and immediately took it as his own.It’s the kind of very simple scent, there is a light and windy sense of mastery.

The citrus lemon is floating in the sea breeze, and the sea scent of the seaweed also brings out a unique sexy.

cr: hey standard

I am a person who loves the sea very much. I go to the seaside once a year. This bottle of perfume completely meets my expectations of the sea. Under the blue sky, do whatever you want.

Pleasant taste, but so!

Clean perfume is quite pleasant sometimes.

This perfume is actually usedCantaloupeThis element,The goose amplifies the moisture in the melon.

cr: Nimosi

It’s like a rain in June. It hasn’t reached the sweltering peak, but you can already feel the coolness after the summer rain.Full of purity.

cr: May

With the passage of time, the smell of clean and clean air after the heavy rain was restored, and the transparent smell of “water” was so clean as to hear the sound of falling water drops.

cr: Nimosi

likeThe Jimei of Huan Shui Sheng Tune can be assured, except that the fragrance time is a bit short, there is nothing wrong with it~

This long list of perfumes finally tells you that they are cute~

The last thing you see is true love! !

Today’s interaction:

Which perfume do you like?

Come and tell me in the comments section!

Source: Fashion Big Cousin

ID: fashioncousin

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