A photo of Mars in April 2021. Photo: NASA The word “telepathy” with Martians… Then, a John Hopkins University professor named Robert Wood suggested covering the white alkaline earth plains of Nevada (USA) with giant black spots made of square kilometers of black cloth. “It might be easier to ‘blink’ the signals with dark spots like a mirror of the same size,” explains Mr. Wood. But like Professor Pickering’s plan, Mr Wood’s solution soon fell through due to a lack of funding. Another professor, David Todd of Amherst University, thinks that by raising a balloon 15,000 meters, he can get any message from Mars. “If life really did exist on Mars, they would have tried for years to talk to us, and perhaps wonder how stupid our behavior was for not responding to them,” said Todd. spoke in May 1909, months before the proposed flight was in September. The Tacoma Times reported on Professor David Todd’s plan for a hot air balloon to capture Mars signals on June 14, 1909. Photo: Library of Congress But Professor Todd’s balloon test flight only reached an altitude of 1,500 meters. Soon after, the support that David Todd received from the US War Department abruptly ended, leaving the scientist with no means to continue with his plan. The use of sound waves, mirrors, hot air balloons, and even giant black spots to “make contact” with any possible life on Mars has at least the backing of science. But on October 27, 1926, a London lawyer named Hugh Mansfield Robinson claimed it was “absurd” that he had tried to send a telegram straight to Mars, which is 56 million miles away from us. km, where “Mars girlfriend” is waiting for him! Dr. Robinson is confident that his message will reach the recipient. Mars was then closest to Earth in its two-year orbit. In addition, Robinson said he had a “telepathic” conversation with a six-meter-tall Martian woman named Oomaruru. According to Dr. Robinson, Oomaruru and her Martians live like Earthlings, driving cars and smoking pipes! However, he asserts, they fly through the sky in electric balloons and eat fruit from electric trees. For months before transmitting the message, Robinson worked with the Central London Telegraph Office to send a physical message to his “Mars girlfriend”. Incredibly, the Telegraph Office agreed to send a telegram from Rugby Tower, the most powerful wireless station in the world at the time, at a standard long-distance rate: 18 British cents per word, or about zero. 35 USD. Although the telegraph staff heard no response, Robinson claimed to have heard telepathically from Oomaruru. She told him that the Martians had “sitted for hours to receive the signal”. “They laugh at our scientists because they themselves are completely out of the trouble in the atmosphere, but we are not,” Robinson said. A “selfie” taken by NASA’s Perseverance probe in April 2021. Photo: NASA … to land on the “Red Planet” The ideas of the scientists who came before them seemed far-fetched, but their curiosity and relentless pursuit inspired generations to come. By 1976, the US Space Agency (NASA) had brought the search for life on Mars to the actual surface of the planet via two Viking landers. One of the metabolic reactions conducted by the lander also revealed positive results, suggesting that there may be life on the “Red Planet”. However, those results remain controversial to this day. Subsequent explorations of the landers have provided evidence that Mars may have once been very friendly to life. For example, the Curiosity rover, which landed in 2012, discovered a mountain in the middle of Gale crater on the Red Planet called Mount Sharp. This 4,800-meter-high mountain is formed from layered sedimentary rock, composed of different minerals, and has been formed over time by wind and water, two elements that require an atmosphere to exist. . helicopter (The Ingenuity Helicopter, from the Perseverance probe, has made many flights to Mars). Scientists believe that if there ever was an atmosphere around Mars, then perhaps microorganisms existed billions of years ago while the layers of material were forming, and the “Red Planet” has could have harbored life for about 1 million years. NASA’s Perseverance rover was launched on July 30, 2020 and landed on Mars on February 18, 2021. Most recently, on May 15, 2021, the Tianwen-1 probe and China’s first self-propelled Mars rover, Zhu Rong, successfully landed on the surface of the “Red Planet”. The mission of Thien Van-1 is to land a lander carrying autonomous robots to the surface of Mars to collect data on groundwater sources, looking for signs of ancient life on this planet. Any discoveries by landers from Earth could be microbial, but they will be no less remarkable than the “canal engineers” we had hoped to find on Earth. Mars from the 19th century. Watch part 1 : CHANNEL OF THE ALTERNATIVES

Russia’s federal space agency Roscosmos has said that a “space tug” – a term used to refer to a spacecraft that transports astronauts or equipment from one orbit to another, is expected to be launched into space. to perform an interplanetary mission in 2030. This spacecraft is powered by a power module called Zeus. Basically, Zeus is like a mobile nuclear power plant, able to generate enough energy to operate spacecraft, transport equipment and goods in space. Currently, several countries are interested in similar technology as a way to shorten journeys in space. Design of the space tug. Photo: Roscosmos. Traditionally, spacecraft have relied on solar power or gravity to accelerate. This means that it takes astronauts more than 3 years to make the trip around Mars. NASA estimates that a nuclear-powered spacecraft could make that journey in a year. The US hopes to put a 10-kilowatt nuclear reactor integrated with the lunar lander, on the Moon as early as 2027. However, so far, NASA has only put one nuclear reactor. launched into space for the SNAP-10A satellite in 1965. Other spacecraft such as the Mars Curiosity and Perseverance probes are also nuclear-powered, but they do not use a reactor. Meanwhile, Russia has sent more than 30 nuclear reactors into space. The Zeus module is expected to further Russia’s space efforts by using a 500 kilowatt nuclear reactor to power spacecraft to travel from planet to planet. other planets, Sputnik quoted information from Roscosmos said. According to the Russian plan, the nuclear spacecraft will approach the Moon first, then head towards Venus, where it can use the planet’s gravity to move to its final destination, Jupiter. This will help save propellant. The entire mission will take 50 months (more than four years), said Alexander Bloshenko, executive director of development programs and advanced science at Roscosmos. According to the official, Roscosmos and the Russian Academy of Sciences are still working to calculate the trajectory of the flight, as well as the payload the spacecraft can carry. Ultimately, this mission could lay the groundwork for a new strategy for the Russian aerospace industry. Sputnik reported that Moscow is designing a space station using similar nuclear energy technology. The advantage of nuclear energy in the universe Most spacecraft get their energy from some source: the sun, batteries, or radioactive atoms (also called radioisotopes). For example, NASA’s Juno spacecraft at Jupiter uses solar panels to generate electricity. Solar energy can also be used to charge spacecraft batteries, however, it becomes less efficient if the spacecraft is far from the Sun. In other cases, lithium batteries could help power spacecraft for short journeys. Earlier in 2005, the Huygens probe used batteries to make a lightning landing on Saturn’s moon Titan. NASA’s Voyager spacecraft uses radioactive isotope (sometimes called a nuclear battery) to survive in the harsh environments of the solar system and interstellar space, but this is not the same thing. integrate a nuclear reactor into the spacecraft. Nuclear reactors offer several advantages as they can survive in dark and cold areas of the solar system without sunlight. They are also quite useful and quite reliable for long-term activities. The Zeus nuclear reactor is designed to last 10 to 12 years. In addition, they can propel spacecraft to other planets in less time. But nuclear power also presents some challenges of its own. Only certain fuels, such as highly enriched uranium, can withstand the extreme heat of the reactor. Furthermore, they may not be safe to use. In December 2020, the United States banned the use of highly enriched uranium to send objects into space if the operation could be made possible by other alternative sources of nuclear or non-nuclear fuel. Russia is about to build a space station in space Russian engineers began developing the “Zeus” module in 2010 with the goal of putting it into orbit within two decades, and they are on track to accomplish this goal. Production and testing commenced in 2018. By 2020, Roscosmos has signed a contract worth 4.2 billion rubles ($57.5 million) with St. Petersburg for the preliminary design of the space station. This will help Russia accelerate its efforts to develop a new space station by 2025. Earlier in April 2021, the BBC said that Russia plans to withdraw from the International Space Station (ISS) by 2025 and is ready to build its own space station. The International Space Station was established in 1998. This is an international cooperation project of 16 countries including the US and Russia, Japan, Canada, European Space Agency member states and Brazil. with a total investment capital of more than 100 billion USD.

Mars probe ship. Generates oxygen on other planets The Perseverance expedition ship of the US Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has just made history. It successfully experimented with converting carbon dioxide gas from the Martian atmosphere into oxygen. This is the first time that oxygen production has been performed on another planet. The Mars experiment using local oxygen resources, called MOXIE, is a device the size of an automobile battery and is placed inside the Perseverance. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the manufacturing unit. MOXIE is made of a heat-resistant material such as a nickel alloy. It is designed to withstand extreme temperatures of up to 800 degrees Celsius. The device is coated with a thin layer of gold to prevent heat and damage to the Perseverance vessel. On the first test run, MOXIE generated 5.4 grams of oxygen – enough for an astronaut to breathe easily for 10 minutes while still performing normal activities. Engineers will conduct additional tests and find ways to increase oxygen production. By design, MOXIE can generate 10 grams of oxygen per hour. NASA expects the development of experimental instruments not only to help generate oxygen for astronauts in the future, but also to help generate large amounts of oxygen to be used as a rocket launcher for the return journey without. must be transported from Earth. The Perseverance expedition landed on Mars on February 18 to perform a mission to search for signs of microbial life on the “Red Planet”. In the coming years, the Perseverance ship aims to collect 30 soil and rock samples to send back to Earth (estimated around 2030) for analysis. Dang Vu Tuan Son, Club of Astronomy and Astronomy of Vietnam, said that oxygen-rich atmosphere should not be seen as steel evidence for life on other planets. Nowadays, to look for signs of life, scientists often use biological structures as guides. Its biological form and life-forming compounds serve as indirect evidence for its presence. On Earth, the oxygen in our atmosphere is one of the most obvious biological characteristics that an alien astronomer can notice. It is only in our atmosphere in such large quantities because plants and bacteria photosynthesize it has been creating it for billions of years. Oxygen is not synonymous with life A new study published April 13 in the journal AGU Advances suggests that terrestrial planets around stars like the Sun can develop oxygen atmospheres without help. from life. This means that detecting oxygen on a planet does not mean that the planet is capable of life. This study uses a computer model that allows scientists to experiment and observe the evolution of a planet. In the first model test, the researchers attempted to accurately reconstruct our Earth. Then they changed the initial conditions to different from what was made up of Earth, and the results they got showed that there are many cases where the planets still contain oxygen but do not require any changes. living. In fact, they have found three main ways for a rocky planet to have an oxygen-rich atmosphere without the presence of life. The first scenario is an Earth-like liquid water planet with oceans 50 times (or more) larger than on Earth. All of that water puts great pressure on the planet’s crust, shutting down the geological activity. This prevents things like the weather and the melting of rocks being two factors that cause oxygen to disappear from the atmosphere. The second scenario is the opposite: A dry desert world with 30% less water than Earth and they will solidify with a “steam atmosphere” for about a million years. This provides a large amount of oxygen in the atmosphere, as sunlight breaks down the molecules of water and hydrogen released into space. And because the planet’s solid desert surface cannot remove any oxygen, it stays in the atmosphere. The last way for a lifeless planet to have an oxygen-rich atmosphere is if the original planet had a higher ratio of carbon dioxide to water than the early Earth. In this case, the planet undergoes a greenhouse similar to what happened on Venus and becomes too hot for oceans to form in the first place. It is also too hot for volatiles to exist in the planet’s mantle, where they will isolate oxygen through chemical reactions. Instead, these volatiles are in the atmosphere, where they can no longer remove oxygen. The planets could have better life than the Earth Researchers have identified more than 20 planets outside the Solar System that have better conditions for life than Earth. Some of these planets have orbits stars that are probably even better than the Sun. A study led by Dirk Schulze-Makuch at Washington State University published in the journal Astrobiology details the features of planets with superlative potential, including is composed of planets that are older, slightly larger and warmer, and possibly more water than Earth. Life can also easily develop on planets moving around slower-changing stars that have longer lifespans than the Sun. The top 24 candidates for habitable planets are all located more than 100 light-years away from us, but Schulze-Makuch says this rescue could help future observations to focus properly, such as the James Webb space telescope, NASA’s LUVOIR space observatory and ESA’s PLATO space telescope. Researchers have selected planetary systems that are likely to have terrestrial planets moving around the parent star in the region of the habitable zone (an area that allows water to exist as a liquid on the planet’s surface) from Kepler’s archival data on transiting exoplanets. Our sun has a relatively short lifespan, less than 10 billion years, because it takes nearly 4 billion years for complex life to form on Earth, so many stars are similar to the Sun (types of G stars). ) may run out of fuel before life can develop. Along with monitoring the types of G stars, the researchers are also observing K-stellar systems, which are colder, smaller, and fainter than the Sun. Type K stars have lifespans that can last from 20 to 70 billion years. That allows the planets moving around it to grow older and allow life to have more time to have life as complex as Earth does today. However, for the planets to stay alive, the planets could not be too much as they could end geothermal activity and no longer have a protective magnetic field. Earth is about 4.5 billion years old today, but researchers think that the most ideal time for life on a planet is between the ages of 5 billion and 8 billion.

Photo of the Ingenuity Mars helicopter taken by NASA’s Preseverance spacecraft. Photo: NASA. Open a new door Ingenuity attached to the belly of the Perseverance probe landed together inside Mars’ 45 km wide Jezero crater on February 18. On April 3, a solar-powered helicopter was dropped from Perseverance’s belly. NASA is expected to make history on the Red Planet with its first self-powered flight powered by energy. “That is extremely important. Technological inventions will open a door to completely different tools. And for me, that’s very interesting. We still haven’t envisioned all the benefits of this new technology, ”said Thomas Zurbuchen, NASA’s Deputy Administrator. Ingenuity is considered a “technology show”. Because, the expected flight of this helicopter on Mars is designed simply to demonstrate the efficiency of the technology. Although there is an onboard camera to take pictures during the mission, it’s the only feature on the plane that is not directly related to Ingenuity’s take-off. “The speed of light is too slow for us to actually control it in real time,” said Mr. Zurbuchen. In addition, the team must find a way for the helicopter to fly over Mars in a challenging environment, with a very thin atmosphere. Obviously, flying on another planet is not easy for helicopters. This is an exciting moment in the history of spacecraft and technology. Many people questioned whether Ingenuity was equipped with any technology application to achieve such a feat. Scientists hope to use Ingenuity to explore in the future, according to Zurbuchen. Because, a small helicopter can “probe many places that we can not go to by plane”. The expert also explains that Mars has some interesting things. The crater walls and other destinations will be interesting to study up close, while astronauts won’t be able to explore. In the future, helicopters could be an important asset for both robot and human exploration on the Red Planet, Mr. Zurbuchen said. However, as mentioned before, Mr. Zurbuchen said, there are many applications to this technology that are yet to be developed. Science breakthrough The deployment of the Ingenuity helicopter flight plan on Mars aims to demonstrate that humans can fly in the extremely low density, reduced gravity and extreme temperatures of the red planet. In addition, the amount of sunlight the planet receives is only half that of Earth; At night temperatures down to -90 degrees C cause electronic components to crack and freeze if left unprotected. While a mission on Mars is not an easy task, NASA is confident that this small helicopter can overcome the challenge. However, the first flight will be at low altitude and take place shortly. Members of the mission group said, Ingenuity (weighing 1.8 kg) is expected to fly no more than 3 meters above the floor of the Jezero crater on Mars. The helicopter will stay high for 40 seconds or so. However, even such a modest flight time would be an achievement. Because, Mars’ atmosphere is only 1% thicker of Earth. Aircraft generate lift by pushing air. However, according to Project Director Ingenuity – MiMi Aung, of the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California, on Mars, there are fewer molecules to propel. That disadvantage outweighs the benefit that helicopters get from Mars’ weaker gravity. So Ingenuity has to behave a little differently from its predecessors on Earth. Specifically, Ingenuity propellers are made of carbon fiber, made for Mars. They are particularly large compared to the overall 48 cm high helicopter. Each wing extends 1.2 m. Those propellers will spin at about 2,500 rpm to bring Ingenuity off the ground. This is much faster than that required by a 4lb motor. Besides, Mars is also a place where the cold is “piercing”. Perseverance measured the Red Planet’s nighttime temperature to minus 117.4 degrees F (minus 83 degrees C) on the surface of Jezero. So Ingenuity has a fireplace so it won’t freeze. Currently, it takes more than 15 minutes for an order to be sent from the control agency on Earth to Mars. Real-time operation with the joystick is therefore not an option. Flight orders must be sent in advance. However, that doesn’t mean Ingenuity is going to be in trouble. This helicopter will be able to do many tasks on its own. For example, Ingenuity can analyze photos captured by the downward-facing camera. From there, locate it. The images will be in black and white. Ingenuity is also capable of 13-megapixel color photography. There are a series of complicated devices that are inserted into the “small body” of Ingenuity, although the helicopter does not carry any scientific tools. Cameras, electrical systems, avionics systems, and communications equipment for data transfer to Perseverance were all introduced into Ingenuity. In fact, the size of devices like objects has made it impossible for many helicopter missions on Mars. Ms. Aung and her colleagues tested Ingenity extensively on Earth before launching. Ingenuity used to have to fly in a special chamber at the JPL – which simulates the conditions of the Red Planet. Thanks to that, Ingenuity has been doing well on the Jezero crater since its separation from Perseverance. Therefore, the scientists expressed confidence in Ingenuity’s mission. If successful, Ingenuity will fly again – up to 5 times in about a month. Ingenuity helicopters pave the way for future space exploration.

Technician places the MOXIE device inside the Perseverance vessel in the laboratory in Pasadena, California, USA, March 2019. (Photo: AFP / VNA) After the Ingenuity mini helicopter made history by successfully making its first flight on another planet (Mars) a few days ago, the US Aviation and Space Agency’s Perseverance expedition ship ( NASA) continues to make a spectacular new mark when it first created oxygen on the “Red Planet.” NASA’s announcement on April 21 states that the Perseverance explorer has made history by successfully converting carbon dioxide from the Martian atmosphere into oxygen. This is the first time creating oxygen is done on another planet. “This is the first important step in converting carbon dioxide (CO2) into oxygen on Mars,” said Jim Reuter, NASA’s space technology mission executive vice president. The Mars experiment using local oxygen resources, called MOXIE, is a device the size of an automobile battery and is located inside, in front of the right side of the Perseverance. The device uses electrochemical methods to split carbon dioxide molecules, made up of one carbon atom and two oxygen atoms, and produces a carbon monoxide by-product. Manufactured by Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), MOXIE is made of a heat-resistant material like a nickel alloy and is designed to withstand extreme temperatures up to 800 degrees Celsius. The device is coated with a thin layer of gold. so as not to radiate heat and harm the Perseverance vessel. On the first test run, MOXIE generated 5.4 grams of oxygen – enough for an astronaut to breathe easily for 10 minutes while still performing normal activities. Engineers will conduct more tests and find ways to increase oxygen production. By design, MOXIE can generate 10 grams of oxygen per hour. “MOXIE has a lot to do, but the results from this technology demonstration are promising as we move towards our goal of one day seeing humans on Mars,” said Jim Reuter. Tests for MOXIE will be divided into three phases. The first stage is to test and characterize the equipment. Stage two will evaluate the performance of MOXIE under a variety of atmospheric conditions. In the final phase, researchers will step up the operation of the equipment, which includes testing new operating modes or adding functionality. NASA expects the development of experimental instruments not only to help generate oxygen for astronauts in the future, but also to help generate large amounts of oxygen to be used as rocket launchers for the return journey. Not transported from Earth. According to MIT engineer Michael Hecht, a one-ton version of MOXIE can generate about 25 tons of oxygen needed for a rocket to take off from Mars. Production of oxygen from the atmosphere is 96% carbon dioxide’s Mars It may be a more viable option than extracting subsurface magnetic ice and electrolysis to produce oxygen. Ms. Trudy Kortes – Technology Demonstration Director NASA “MOXIE is not only the first instrument of oxygen production in another world, but the first technology of its kind that helps future missions use elements of another world environment, also known as on-premises resource use. ” Expedition ship Perseverance landed on Mars on February 18, on a mission to search for signs of microbial life on the “Red Planet.” In the coming years, the Perseverance ship aims to collect 30 soil and rock samples to send back to Earth (estimated around 2030) for analysis.

Photographs on Mars taken by a rover vehicle called Perseverance have stirred the Internet community since NASA’s latest robotic technology landed on the “Red Planet” in February 2018. Despite being two different planets, Earth and Mars still have similarities. Some pictures on Mars look quite similar to those of Earth’s Atacama Desert, Chile. NASA has spent time and money exploring this Mars-like land. NASA’s ARADS team is experimenting with the original rover on Mars in the Atacama Desert in Chile in 2018. Photo: NASA. “You can argue that the Dry Valleys Valley in Antarctica or the northern central Atacama is the hottest place on Earth. However, some places in Atacama only rain every 20 years, even 100 years later, “said Brian Glass, a researcher at Atacama Rover (ARADS). This research uses the Atacama Desert to test field tools and techniques for future missions to Mars. Because the Atacama Desert resembles a dead and deserted land, NASA investigated and found it almost a “copy” of Mars. They have been testing rovers since 1997. The newest rover uses original tools, they try to find and detect life here. “Because if you can’t find life in one of the bariest places on Earth, don’t think about going to Mars looking for it,” explained Glass. The Atacama Desert stretches for more than 1,600 km in the northern half of Chile between the Pacific Ocean and the Andes mountains. Glass says that to know how barren places like the Atacama Desert are, think about organic cues (such as life) to ambient noise. “The signal in the Mojave desert and remote parts of the US is still quite loud. You can still see shrubs, cacti, microorganisms, scorpions, insects; there is still an ecosystem there, ”said investigator Glass. Like Mars, the Atacama Desert has a harsh terrain with vast salt flats and towering volcanoes, including the most active mountain on Earth. Here, the night sky is very dark and has the largest astronomical observatories in the world. NASA investigated and found that this place is almost a “copy” of Mars. Photo: Mark Johanson. The driest place on Earth When scientists say Atacama is the driest place on Earth, they are referring to Yungay town. This town is about 88 km from the city of Antofagasta, NASA is doing research in this area. According to Mr. Glass, Yungay is a long valley with both sides of the hill being eroded by the wind. Land in Yungay is brown and quite barren, with no signs of life. In Yungay town there is a hand-carved statue of nearly 11 meters high. This statue, called Mano del Desierto, was placed near the town by Chilean artist Mario Irarrázabal in 1992. Although Yungay has long been considered the driest place in Atacama, recent research indicates that the title actually belongs to the Maria Elena South region, located about 273 km north of the nitrate mining town. Neither site has any facilities or attractions, but they are key points to the Atacama’s “emptiness” and similarities with Mars. Furthermore, because the McMurdo Dry Valleys Valley in Antarctica is particularly hard to reach, many scientists believe the valley is even drier. A hand-shaped sculpture of nearly 11 meters high is called the Mano del Desierto. Volcanoes and geysers While Mars is the “home” of the tallest volcano in the solar system, Olympus Mons, the Atacama Desert contains the most active volcano on Earth, the Ojos del Salado. This gray-brown mountain is about 7,000 meters above sea level and is the second highest peak in the western hemisphere after Aconcagua in Argentina. However, this mountain’s permanent crater lake is said to be the tallest lake in the world. “When you look at this impressive mountain range, surrounded by volcanoes over 6,000 meters high, you will find yourself very small,” said Ercio Mettifogo, the adventure tour manager Puna de Atacama. To climb the top of Ojos del Salado, climbers do not need a lot of climbing techniques, although the altitude of the mountain is not small, but strong winds on the mountain up to 119 km / h and -29 degrees Celsius is definitely a challenge for surname. Most trekking takes place between November and April, the climbing period lasts 8 days for the climbers and 12 days for the amateur climbers. According to Mr. Mettifogo, Atacama Altiplano is often compared to the Tibetan plateau. The area near Mount Ojos del Salado, home to about 17 mountains over 6,000 meters high, has become a hub for adventure tourism. Farther north, near the tourist town of San Pedro de Atacama, another geothermal wonder of Atacama is the El Tatio geyser, dubbed the Yellowstone mini national park with 80 geysers of geysers that boil and smoke. raised suspicion. In the panorama of snow-capped volcanoes, El Tatio is the widest geyser region in the southern hemisphere and the tallest on Earth at 4,300 m altitude. El Tatio geysers are known as Yellowstone mini national park with 80 geysers of geysers boiling and smoke rising. Photo: Shutterstock. Salt beach and flamingos Much of the Atacama desert is barren like on Mars, but this land stands out with its beautiful salt-shoals, known as salares , with saltwater currents nourishing the life of a number of animals, including flamingos. There are many species of flamingos, including the rare Andes with yellow feet and black point wings, the smaller James flamingo with brick red feet and a bright yellow beak. In addition, the pinkest flamingo of all species is the Chilean flamingo. Chilean flamingos live in popularity along South America, stretching from Argentina to Ecuador. Pink-colored birds are easily found in Andes parks such as Los Flamencos National Reserve, near San Pedro and Nevado Tres Cruces National Park, near the city of Copiapó. “The salt beaches are also famous for the colorful lagoons,” said Gabriel Rojas of Turismo Atacamensis, guide taking tourists swimming in the turquoise lagoon in Salar de Pedernales, north of Nevado Tres Cruces National Park . There are also blood red, navy and emerald green pools in Pedernales, all connected on a three kilometer walking trail. Some scientists believe that, if humans do find signs of life on Mars, it would be historic salt ponds that formed in places like the Gale Crater and are believed to resemble what is found in the Altiplano of South America. A flamingo wades in a lagoon in the Los Flamencos National Reserve. Photo: Shutterstock. The clearest sky in the world The Atacama Desert is not only NASA’s test site for future Mars missions, but also where some of the most advanced planetary observations have been made on Earth. Northern Chile is home to about 70% of the facilities for Astronomy worldwide. The biggest projects in the 2020s including the Giant Magellan Telescope and the Extremely Large Telescope will all be set on bare hills over the next few years. “When night falls, silence and darkness will take over, it is unaffected by the lights and noise of the city, the place will turn into a path to heaven that makes you feel like can touch the universe, ”said Cristóbal Vergara, founder of Turismo Tembeta, a company that manages stargazing tours from the city of La Serena. The Elqui Valley, located on the southern edge of the Atacama Desert, has become a major center not only for scientists but also for stargazing lovers. “Along the mountains there is still mist from the Pacific Ocean, forming a few small clouds and making the sky clear,” Vergara added. To cater to your stargazing needs, there are nearly a dozen observatories near the Vicunã tourist center that are open daily for tourists wishing to see the stars in the hope of being able to get a closer look at Jackson Pollock’s sky. Many research facilities such as the Gemini South, Cerro Tololo, La Silla and Las Campanas are also open on weekends for visitors to visit. In 2015, the Elqui valley was named the world’s first International Night Sky Mecca. Thanks to that, the inns have transparent comfort to watch the stars begin to sprout like mushrooms, visitors can comfortably sleep under a starry sky. Turquoise lagoon in Salar de Pedernales, north of Nevado Tres Cruces National Park. Photo: Mark Johanson. Mr. Vergara said that the best part about stargazing here is that visitors are staring at “a place with great discoveries, technological advances and new astronomical discoveries that can help the future. hybrid of humanity ”. Atacama may not be as cold, harsh, or “alien” as Mars, but this land shows a “clone” of Mars right on Earth. Coming here to visit helps visitors to experience the feeling of traveling on Mars.

The entire NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in the state of California burst out loud, clapping. After more than 10 days of delay, the Ingenuity helicopter weighing only 1.8 kg, worth $ 85 million of NASA, took off successfully on Mars. This victory is likened to NASA as the living moment of the Wright brothers (USA) who successfully made the first flight on Earth in 1903. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) tweeted immediately after Ingenuity’s success: “Perseverance has brought us to Mars. And Ingenuity takes us higher.” “. NASA’s Mission Control Room at (JPL) received a 14-minute delay in success signal because of a distance of 289 million kilometers from Mars. Photo: NASA The moment in which the Mission Control room was delighted to hear that Ingenuity had successfully flown on Mars. Photo: Reuters “Now, 118 years after the Wright brothers successfully made the first flight on our planet in the 20th century, the Ingenuity helicopter has succeeded in performing this amazing feat in the world. another – the Red Planet – in the 21st century “- NASA Deputy Science Director Thomas Zurbuchen said. At a distance of 289 million km (from Earth to Mars), the Ingenuity Mars helicopter has done a miracle, unprecedented in history: Automatically refuel from the Sun, automatically fly to a maximum prescribed height of 3 meters and maintain that altitude stable for 30 seconds, then a gentle landing on the surface of the Red Planet. The whole process took 39.1 seconds. 39.1 seconds is only two-thirds of the time of a minute. The time is extremely short but is a wonderful fruit for the efforts of thousands of minds to contribute to Mars Mission 2020 of NASA. It took NASA nearly a decade to prepare for this feat. SURVIVAL WITH SUCKS Dr. Daniel Brown, an astronomy expert at Nottingham Trent University (UK), described sending something flying to Mars as a ‘staggering feat’. The biggest challenge of the Ingenuity engineering team is the flying environment on Mars: – First money. So far, no one (human) has set foot on Mars. All scientists know is simulate that environment through data and images transmitted by NASA’s self-propelled explorer ship back to Earth. – Second, the Mars environment is known for its harshness: The difference in temperature between day and night can “kill” human machines, in particular, Ingenuity helicopters are too small, too light (this is required technical conditions for test flight). Not to mention, the Red Planet does not have a magnetic field, the gravity one third that of Earth; and the atmosphere is extremely thin, only 1% of the pressure on the surface of our planet. Basic construction of the Mars Ingenuity helicopter. Photo of Vietnameseization: Trang Ly / Trang Dinh [Đọc thêm về cấu tạo của trực thăng Ingenuity: ‘Mổ xẻ’ trực thăng 85 triệu USD đang ‘sống tốt’ trên sao Hỏa: Sáng tạo khoa học táo bạo bậc nhất của Mỹ!] This means that in order to fly, the helicopter must be super light and turn its wings extremely fast to gain lift. Therefore, the blades of Ingenuity reach 2,500 rpm. Each propeller on the Ingenuity is made of a 57-gram composite material that powers a chopper body the size of a tissue box! OPEN THE WAY TO DISCOVER THE NEW SKY To further mark the link between the Martian Ingenuity helicopter and the Wright brothers ‘maiden flight, NASA confirmed it had named the first Mars airport (where the Ingenuity helicopter took off) as’ Wright Brothers. Field ‘. “We don’t know exactly where Ingenuity will lead us, but today’s results show that the sky – at least on Mars – may not be the limit,” said NASA Administrator Steve Jurczyk. . Just as the Wright Brothers’ flight ushered in human exploration of the sky on Earth, Ingenuity’s mission has sparked a new wave of exciting projects, poised to take the discovery of distant world to a new level. In 2027, NASA plans to launch Dragonfly mission his highly anticipated, in which a helicopter will fly over the sky of Saturn’s moon Titan. Other missions to explore distant atmospheres – such as Venus’s cloud survey mission – may soon emerge. THE MISSION OF INGENUITY NOT STOP HERE … The NASA team plans to have Ingenuity more test flights in the next few days, with up to five bolder flights over the next 30 days assuming each is successful. NASA’s Ingenuity Mars helicopter captured this scene as it hovered over the Martian surface on April 19, 2021, during its first controlled, powered flight. another planet. It uses the navigation camera, which automatically tracks the ground during flight. Source: NASA / JPL-Caltech After its first flight, the Ingenuity helicopter sent the Mars Perseverance self-propelled explorer technical data on what it had done, including a single black-and-white photo from a ground-facing camera and information. that was transmitted back to Earth. The Ingenuity helicopter that was traveling to Mars, attached to the underside of Perseverance, touched down on February 18, 2021 as part of a mission to look for signs of extraterrestrial life. Refer: NASA, Popularmechanics, DM

From the past up to now, his father has focused on doing things on the first day of the month with the notion that, the first day of the month is smooth, with good luck, the whole month will be favorable, good sand.

According to Phung Gia Feng Shui, the third day of the lunar calendar is a very lucky day. Because it is the day of Tiger, the five elements of Moc, starting on April 12 of the solar calendar. This is the beginning of the month, so if you do the following 4 things correctly, you will have a chance to enjoy the best of times, prosperity, prosperity, and happiness.

The third day of the lunar calendar is the day with Truc Khai. This day of duty is considered to be good for everything, especially Truc Khai on the Tiger day also brings the illumination of fine sand like Sinh Khi good in opening ceremony, groundbreaking, breeding, planting, performing work. new job; Thien Quan promotes career promotion; Tuc The and Phuc Hau are good for blessing and fortune.

Not to mention, there is the guardian of Hoang An, which helps you to have the opportunity to meet your supportive gentlemen, to accompany you to solve difficult problems.

Incense for peace and luck

The beautiful punctuality of incense is how you help the connection between the yin and the yang realms to illuminate your needs, which are witnessed and blessed by the ancestors of the ancestral deities. everything is done as desired, smooth sailing, smooth and smooth.

Accordingly, on the 1st of March of the lunar calendar, there are 2 time frames that are considered the most beautiful for you to shop for the incense burning ceremony to pray, which is the Thin hour from 7:00 am to 9:00 am or the Mui hour from 13:00 to 15:00.

Lucky dishes

As mentioned, on the 1st of the 3rd month, the lunar calendar has the five elements of the Moc, so eating food on Thuy will be very suitable. Especially people with disabilities Moc born from August 8 to November 7 should eat food with Thuy onion to supplement.

Because according to the operating principle of the Five Elements Aquatic Moc. Specifically, foods that carry onions are all salty foods and dark foods, purple, black, or blue foods, in addition you should also add water-based foods such as fresh fish and fish. salt, bacon, eggs and caviar, shellfish, pork, eggs, beans, seaweed, soy sauce, figs, blueberries, raspberries, eggplant, kale, wild rice, walnuts and black sesame seeds.

Bring with you the protective feng shui

On the first day of the month, if there is a great deal, everyone hopes that there will be advantages and successes to avoid unfinished and thunderous events for the whole month.

If you want to do that, you should bring with you feng shui items that have the effect of talent, support, and disarmament such as the Buddha of fate, Tam Cat Hoa Mai, Ngu Phuc Hoa Mai …

Choose a good departure direction

Go in a good direction so that everything will be smooth and happy.

On the 1st day of the 3rd lunar month, there is Dich Ma supportive sand, so it is very convenient for departure and relocation. Therefore, if you know the direction of sand to take steps, you will get double benefits.

Specifically, going east will help you gain fortune and fortune, to the North if you are hoping for joy and joy.

On the contrary, avoid going to the southwest, lest it is easy to get in the way of the move, it is difficult.

These are the 4 best things you should do on the 1st of the third month of the lunar calendar to have a good luck for the whole month.

* Information for reference and contemplative purposes