First line of defense Long considered the largest organ in the body, the skin’s microbiome plays an important role as the body’s first line of defense against pathogens. When the skin barrier is functioning properly, it traps moisture and keeps skin hydrated, while keeping allergens, irritants, pollution, and pathogens out. Stress hormones weaken that protective layer, slowing the production of beneficial oils that help seal hydration in the skin, leading to chronic low-grade inflammation and an increase in free radicals. can damage the skin and accelerate the aging process as well as increase the risk of allergic diseases. “Night of Recovery” Take a close look at your skin care regimen, especially some of the anti-aging products you’re using. According to Dr. Bowe, some of the most powerful skincare ingredients known to have amazing effects on the skin are proven irritants. Retinoids, for example, including over-the-counter retinol, are products that can irritate your skin, especially if you use them every night. Alpha hydroxy acid or glycolic acid is a great ingredient to help lighten dark spots, even out skin tone, and help promote collagen production, but it can also be an irritant. You can continue to use those products, says Dr. Bowe, but alternate between an “active night” and a “recovery night.” “Active night” means that for your nighttime skincare regimen, use anti-aging solutions like retinoids, alpha hydroxy acids, or glycolic acid — prescription or over-the-counter — and then skip it. a night or two, depending on how dry your skin is. For “recovery night,” says Dr. Bowe, you should use products containing glycerin, sunflower seed oil, jojoba oil, or squalane to repair the skin barrier and support the skin’s microbiome. and restore a healthy pH to the skin. Sensitive skin How to recognize sensitive skin? Start by washing your face and patting it dry. If you feel tight, dry and if you feel burning or suddenly appear small pimples like red pimples all over your face when applying cosmetics to your skin, this means your skin is sensitive. For sensitive skin, you should avoid cleaning products that contain strong sulfates such as SLS, sodium lauryl sulfate or SLES (short for sodium laureth sulfate). In addition, you should not exfoliate with a physical brush or a rotating brush. Because such an action is really harmful to the skin barrier and makes your skin more sensitive. Many women shave their faces these days, which is also not a good idea if you have sensitive skin. You should also be careful with essential oils as they can irritate and further damage the skin barrier. Sugar control Dr. Rajani Katta, author of “Glow: A Dermatologist’s Guide to a Whole Foods Diet for Younger Skin” (Glow: The Dermatologist’s Guide to a Whole Foods Younger), Stress, many people tend to prefer foods containing sugar and processed carbohydrates. However, this can have a negative effect on your skin, making the collagen and elastin proteins less supple and the skin more likely to wrinkle. Dr. Rajani Katta suggests that foods rich in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory properties can help provide an extra layer of protection to your skin, as well as boost your skin’s defense and repair system. Try stress management techniques – Taking part in social activities, increasing social interaction or simply going for a walk is also a great way to relieve stress. Exercise also pushes oxygenated blood to all parts of your body, including your skin, which can promote skin barrier repair. – Get enough and good sleep: this is called good sleep because sleep helps regenerate your skin at night.

NTT patient (45 years old, Ha Long city, Quang Ninh) was examined by a dermatologist and diagnosed with granulomas after injecting an unknown melasma drug with red swelling, rash, and soreness on 2 mounds. mother. Many other women do not go to the spa but apply the beauty method at home according to word-of-mouth by pounding betel leaves and covering on the skin with pigmentation for 1 month. As a result, the melasma does not disappear, but many dark spots appear on the skin. These are just a few typical cases in many cases of complications due to improper and unsafe skin pigmentation. Melasma wrong treatment regimen, use of unknown cosmetic products, improper skin care in reputable cosmetic establishments, will be susceptible to side effects, risk of complications such as pain, reddened skin. itchy skin, swelling, itching, hyperpigmentation or hyperpigmentation, the skin becomes more sensitive, burns the skin … even bad scarring. Women have to undergo a long treatment process to restore damaged skin in about 3 months to 1 year. To treat melasma at the root, it is necessary to understand correctly about melasma Common causes of melasma include: Sunlight: Ultraviolet (UV) light from the sun stimulates melanocytes. In fact, just a small amount of UV light can cause melasma to return after fading. This is why melasma is often darker in the summer. It is also the main reason why so many people experience melasma over and over again. Factors inside the body: it can be due to nutrition, genetics, endocrine disorders that promote the production of melanin under the skin. In addition, many cases of skin pigmentation of unknown cause. Skin care products: If using a product that irritates the skin, it can also worsen your melasma condition. Neoplasms of the skin (left) and dark spots due to improper treatment of melasma. Melasma treatment solutions Combination treatment of skin pigmentation: stop taking oral contraceptives; Use sunscreen when outdoors. Use mild bleach to wash and dry skin, use a mild moisturizer (if the skin is both chloasma and acne, it should not apply). Prevent the formation of new pigments with melanocytes inhibitors of melanin formation, including: hydroquinone 2 – 4% (for about 3 months), which can cause irritation and redness. Azelaic acid can be used long term, safe even during pregnancy, however, it can cause skin irritation. Using topical corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone can cause the spots to fade quickly, but are susceptible to side effects (skin atrophy, thinning of the skin). Other methods: Pigmentation removal method: Salicylic acid topical cream can be used, in addition, topical alpha hydroxyacids, including glycolic acid and lactic acid, can be used as peeling creams. Topical retinoids are also a solution, but there are side effects that can cause dermatitis and should not be used during pregnancy. Destruction of pigmentation with intense light: 10-20 weeks of treatment, but even those with good results, pigmentation may reappear when exposed to sunlight or due to endocrine disorders. What to do when the skin is pigmented? When melasma, the first task is to see a dermatologist to determine the cause and only when identifying the correct cause to cure it can treat all melasma. On the market today, there are not many melasma treatment products and do not bring real effects, and can not be used for most cases of melasma. When melasma, most women find ways to treat. However, the treatment of melasma is not an overnight and can be stopped immediately, but the effect comes very slowly, requiring persistence. Because it is difficult to identify the specific cause, the treatment of melasma is very difficult, time-consuming and needs to follow the instructions of a specialist. The quick whitening measures that women are often in a hurry to use can help temporarily remove melasma, but it is easy to risk the skin pigmentation coming back, even more severe and difficult to treat, the skin is also rough and poor vitality. Many women when going to the doctor have damaged their facial skin because of the wrong treatment of melasma on this particularly sensitive skin. Therefore, absolutely do not apply drugs or cosmetics according to the advice, do not know the origin. The chemicals used a lot in whitening cosmetics, anti-pigmentation … all contain strong detergents, maybe at first used bleached skin looks very beautiful, but used for a long time, increasingly skin being eroded, the young skin layer will appear, if you go to the sun, it is easy to get melasma. At the same time, the cream has a small amount of mercury, which can cause skin atrophy, if used for a long time, the skin of the face will become permanent. Absolutely do not use cosmetics, melasma drugs sold in the market but on the product packaging there is no ingredient listed. Many cases of permanent melasma because of using corticosteroid creams. As a result, the facial skin is atrophy, leading to nutritional disorders, loss of resistance, causing the skin to become more pigmented. In general, there is no method that can treat melasma quickly and effectively in the long term, if not combining solutions to avoid maximizing the treated skin area exposed to ultraviolet rays from the sun. Wear a wide-brimmed hat when out in the sun and use sunscreen regularly to prevent sun damage to the skin.

You should pay attention to moisturize the skin. Photo source: Internet Moisturizing is the mantra that you should wake up and use throughout your life. You should moisturize 24/7, inside and out. Skin loss of moisture will show signs of age on your face. You can’t stop the aging process, but you can slow it down as much as possible. The advice for you is to use products containing hyaluronic acid and other super moisturizing ingredients. In addition, you should keep a bottle of mineral spray in the bag. Remember to drink enough water every day to keep your skin hydrated from the inside out. Do not touch skin Your beauty is subjected to many powerful forces such as time, gravity, and pollution. In addition, the ‘touch’ gesture is enough to make the skin worse. Your hands are the most likely to come into contact with bacteria, so avoid putting your hands on your chin, cheeks, or lips if you don’t want the bacteria to enter your body. What you need to do is: Get rid of the habit of touching your face when it’s not needed. Even if you wash your hands, do not rub your eyes. You should use silk pillowcases, washed 1-2 times a week. After washing your face, gently pat your face dry with a soft, non-rubbing cotton towel. Get into the habit of holding the phone away from your face. When you want to apply mechanical effects to your face for beauty, you need to consult a dermatologist. Control acne so your skin won’t scarring Acne starts to appear during puberty and continues to “chase” us into adulthood. Acne is uncomfortable, unsightly, and even leaves scars that are difficult to erase. As the skin loses its elasticity due to the aging process, the scars will become more concave and clearer. Therefore, you need to properly control and treat acne now. Absolutely do not squeeze acne as it will increase the risk of infection and scar formation. Consult your doctor for advice on the most suitable treatment. Use retinoids to fight skin aging by age 25 Age 25 is the best age to start using retinoids. Retinoids are derivatives of vitamin A. It is used not only to treat acne, alkaline oils, but also to help fight aging, reduce wrinkles and enhance skin cell function in the deeper layers. You can use retinoids every day in your skincare steps. However, before that, you should test the product on the inside of your arm before applying it to your face to make sure they are not irritating. In addition, the effect of retinoids is quite strong, during the first period of use, you may experience redness and peeling of the skin. The advice is that you should use a small amount first to get used to the skin and gradually increase the frequency as directed by your doctor.

Stop smoking: According to the Health Smoking interferes with the blood supply to maintain healthy, supple skin tissues. Many chemicals in tobacco damage collagen and elastin – the building blocks of skin structure. Men who smoke or are exposed to tobacco smoke frequently have sagging skin. Over time, more wrinkles form and lose a youthful appearance. Image: Kain_0415. Reduce alcohol consumption: When drinking a lot of alcohol, urine production is enhanced. This causes dehydration of the body and skin. Severe dehydration will cause wrinkles, fine lines and wrinkles. Besides, alcohol also contributes to the skin becoming sensitive to sunlight. Due to the negative effects of UV rays from the sun, the skin is prone to burning, blistering and premature aging. Image: Campusgains. Relax more: Page Healthline stress causes changes in skin proteins. From there, a decrease in elasticity is created. Stress also leads to frowning and repeated brow wrinkles. The constant movement of the facial muscles causes rapid wrinkles to appear. Image: Parkpoleon. Eat more foods that contain antioxidants: UV rays, toxic substances, tobacco smoke, and high temperature fried foods promote free radical production. Free radicals make the skin aging process faster. Adopt an antioxidant-rich diet to prevent the damaging effects of free radicals. Men should eat foods such as pomegranates, blueberries, avocados, citrus, dark green vegetables, fish rich in omega-3 … Photo: HealthSeed, MyFitnessPal Blog. Wear sunglasses: Sunglasses are not only stylish accessories, they also protect your eyes. Choose sunglasses that block UV rays and help keep your eyes from glare. From there, limit squinting when moving in the sun. Image: Watchroom24. Always wear sunscreen: According to the Environmental Protection Agency Nearly 50% of the ultraviolet radiation (UV rays) reaches the Earth between 10 and 16 hours. The opinion that healthy tanned skin is in is incorrect. Tanning shows the body’s effort to protect the skin from damage caused by UV rays. Exposure to too much UVB rays, especially in the summer, the skin is susceptible to sunburn and burning. UVA rays remain strong throughout the year in the presence of light. It causes skin aging and skin cancer and reduces its ability to fight disease. Image: The Healthy. Clean skin 2 times / day: Every day if you do not wash your face, dust, toxic substances, and sebum will accumulate under the skin. They clog pores, forming pimples. Besides, impurities polluted from the environment also contribute to the formation of free radicals. Men should wash their face twice in the morning and at night. Avoid rubbing it with a towel as this will cause the skin to sag quickly. Instead, clean with a gentle cleanser with warm water. Image: Curology. Use cosmetics containing retinol: After sunscreen, the ingredient dermatologists recommend to prevent aging is retinol. Retinol or other substances belonging to the group of retinoids help effectively transform the skin. They promote new cell production, reduce wrinkles and acne. Common retinol cosmetics are serums, eye creams or moisturizers. Image: Eva Naturals, Forbes. 5 ways to maintain a youthful look for men Healthy skin, few defects help men feel confident when meeting people.

1. Ceramides: Skin protective barrier has the main role of moisturizing, preventing irritants from entering. Dermatologist Brendan Camp in New York (USA) explains above Good Housekeeping : “Ceramides plays the role of ‘mortar’, holding skin cells together”. It maintains the strength of the skin’s protective barrier against moisture loss. Image: @maodoyo. 2. Hyaluronic acid: This is a widely used ingredient in the cosmetic world. Hyaluronic acid acts like a sponge, absorbing water and trapping it inside the skin. This substance can hold up to 1,000 times its own weight of water. Hyaluronic acid helps to moisturize, fill wrinkles and maintain a plump appearance. Apply cosmetics containing hyaluronic acid to damp skin, underneath the cream layer, to function effectively. Image: @ models.korean, Curology. 3. Glycolic acid: This acid belongs to the group of alpha-hydroxy acids (AHA). It exfoliates by dissolving bonds between aging cells, thereby improving skin texture, tone and pore size. Glycolic acid also provides anti-aging benefits. Dermatologist Rita Linkner in New York (USA) said: “Glycolic acid increases the density of collagen and elastin in the skin”. However, it is easily irritating to people with very sensitive skin or in high concentrations. Image: Allure. 4. Lactic acid: Another acid that belongs to the AHA group. Lactic acid, derived from milk, is usually milder and less irritating than glycolic acid. It is quite common in many exfoliating products, giving the skin even color and radiance. Lactic acid also contributes to the increase in natural moisturizing factors in the skin. Image: @ruruhaoke, Biossance. 5. Jojoba oil: Extracted from the seeds of the simmondsia chinensis plant, jojoba oil is simulated for biology. It works like natural oils found in the skin. Therefore, the above oil does not cause acne or clogged pores. Jojoba oil helps in soothing dry or irritated skin. Besides, it also contains vitamin E which helps provide anti-inflammatory, antioxidant benefits. Image: Fleur & Bee. 6. Niacinamide: A form of vitamin B3. Niacinimide works to soothe inflammation and discomfort. This is suitable for skin with redness or irritation such as rosacea. Niacinamide also adds skin lightening benefits, reducing unwanted pigmentation. Image: @duebass_, Getty. 7. Retinol: Dermatologist Rita Linkner explains: “Retinol is one of the most effective skin-transforming ingredients”. Retinol belongs to a larger group called retinoids. In the group of retinoids there are many prescription and over-the-counter options. Basically, they work in the same way. It is to speed up cell turnover, promote new cell production. Retinol is aimed at reducing wrinkles and acne. However, this substance easily causes side effects such as redness and flaking of the skin. You should start with a low dose, and apply sunscreen during the day. Image: Skincare. 8. Vitamin C: Antioxidants help neutralize free radicals that are harmful to the skin. Vitamin C interferes with the production of excess pigmentation on the skin. It fades pigmentation or discoloration, while stimulating collagen production. Vitamin C is damaged if exposed to light and air. Look for vitamin C in a dark, opaque bottle. Besides, you need to store in a dark place, away from moisture. Image: Vogue India. The secret to acne-free skin Proper care helps you prevent acne effectively, and at the same time have smooth, fresh skin.

Many people still think that summer is the hardest season to wear clothes. Because of the hot weather, women cannot hide their bodies and pack them in spacious outfits like winter. However, it was only when wearing a bikini or short wings that everyone discovered the dark areas, deviated up to a few tones.

Usually they are positions such as knees, elbows, buttocks, groin, ankles …

Therefore, the difficult bikini race becomes even more extreme. To improve this situation, first of all, women need to review the harmful causes of the “protest” skin condition first.

Cause dark skinWear clothes that are too tight and material is too stiff

Elbows or knees are moving joints, so it often takes a lot of friction when wearing long clothing. At this time, if you wear clothes that are too tight or hard raw materials, it will be difficult to move. In addition, there is increased friction between the skin and the fabric, which over time causes rough, dry and dull skin.

To avoid this, try to limit clothing that is too tight or made from hard fabrics. Especially during activities that require lots of movement and movement.

Rest hands and pillows on hard face

The things that are often done unconsciously like putting them on the elbows, putting them on knees, the floor, and mats cause them to become stained and dark. However, most of us are not aware of it. Therefore, you should pay attention to remind yourself to avoid taking too long to cure.

Clean through speaker

Most people who take a shower just clean their elbows, knees, and ankles over the loudspeaker, let alone. This habit over time will cause dirt to accumulate and make the skin turn darker and darker. Friction action will also appear more dead cells. The subjective neglect of exfoliation for these already wrinkled areas is becoming more and more serious.

Constantly exposed to direct sunlight and dust

If in winter, the skin has to suffer more friction when wearing long clothes, summer also has its difficulty. Fashion with shorts or sleeveless shirts to create conditions for the skin to be exposed to more dust and sun.

Most women often only take care of their facial skin, but through the body skin speaker and especially these small areas.

Urgent skin treatment to welcome summerHomegrown recipe

Only natural ingredients that are only a few thousand dong that are easy to find and easy to process for women can reduce dark spots. However, the slight downside is that you need to be persistent in doing 1-3 times / week and last for a period of 3 months or more to see the real effect.

– Whitening blend comes from oats

The ingredients you need to prepare are lemon juice, oatmeal, white salt mixed together and apply on the darkened skin for about 10-15 minutes and rinse with water. Repeat this process 3-4 times / week for best results.

In addition to being a nutritious food for health, oatmeal also has many benefits in nourishing and brightening the skin.

– Treatment with aloe vera and milk

You need to mix aloe vera gel and milk in a 1: 1 ratio and apply the mixture to your skin. If possible overnight and wash off the next morning as possible.

Aloe vera contains ingredients that help moisturize and improve uneven skin tone. This ingredient also has anti-microbial and anti-fungal properties.

– Goodbye dark with turmeric powder

The mixture you need is turmeric powder and fresh milk or yogurt for a thick consistency. Then, apply evenly on knees, elbows and massage, let dry naturally then rinse with warm water. You can also add a little honey to the above mixture for a better effect.

Turmeric powder contains curcumin, which helps to reduce and regulate the excess production of melanin, a darkening and darkening agent.

Special treatment from cosmetics

There are many products to help you improve these complexions for the summer. You can choose the brand that suits your financial conditions, however, the following should be kept in mind.

– Hydroquinone

The gold-standard active ingredient in darkening dark spots is widely used in dermatology. It has the ability to fade away the most stubborn brown spots in just 4-12 weeks. When combined with salicylic acid, retinoids, and plant-based ingredients, this miraculous compound is effective even in people with darker skin.

– Salicylic acid

This is an important ingredient in the medical field, popular in treating dark spots and dark spots. Salicylic acid is derived from willow bark, it is able to gently remove dead skin cells, while removing excess melanin – the cause of brown spots and enhances the effects of hydroquinone in spot treatment. brown.

Vitamin C

Special treatments contain vitamin C (ascorbic acid) which is able to stop the production of abnormal pigments and can lighten dark spots. These products can also help boost collagen and accelerate the recovery of the skin.

– Retinoid

Retinoids increase the number of cells, help fade pigmentation by removing melasma, rough skin cells and replacing them with new, healthier cells. There are many different types of retinoids, the first generation of retinoids including: adapalene and retinoic acid are very effective but can irritate the skin and make skin sensitive to sunlight.

The reporter of the Health & Life Newspaper had a talk with MSc.BS Phan Ngoc Huy – Department of Skin Aesthetics – Da Lieu Hospital HCMC around this issue.

From the above questions of readers, can your doctor tell me the causes of acne?

Acne is formed when skin follicles are blocked by excess sebum production. This usually happens when we enter puberty, the body begins to increase production of certain sex hormones, causing the sebaceous glands to enlarge and secrete more sebum. Therefore, adolescents are the most common age group for acne. In addition, women often get acne in the days before menstruation, during pregnancy, or suffer from endocrine disorders such as polycystic ovary syndrome due to changes in hormones in the body. There are 4 main factors that are considered to cause acne: Increased sebum production, follicular hyperkeratosis, acne-causing bacteria activity and subcutaneous inflammation.

When the skin has acne, how to handle it, doctor?

Acne treatment requires a combination of methods. Including skin care, lifestyle regimen and acne treatments with drugs.

The consequences of self-treating acne with topical medications are of unknown type

– Acne care: Wash your face and areas prone to blemishes with an oily, mild, and alcohol-free cleanser. Should gently wash skin immediately after sweating and limit the number of washings to no more than 2 times / day. Prioritize the selection of oil-free products. These products are often labeled “oil-free”, “nonacnegenic”, “noncomedogenic,” “don’t clog the pores” ( wont clog pores).

– Living regime for people with acne: Acne patients need to have a regime of learning, working properly and reducing stress, because stress causes the sebaceous glands to increase secretion and promote inflammation. Sleep moderately, limit staying up late. Avoid sweet, fatty foods (such as tea, cakes, mango, durian, sticky rice …) or drink too much milk. Instead, eat plenty of green vegetables and fruits and drink plenty of water.

– Medicinal acne treatments:

For mild acne cases, patients can treat themselves at home using topical medications containing either benzoyl peroxide or salicylic acid. Once the pimple is cleared, treatment is still needed to prevent new pimples from appearing. If the acne still does not respond to treatment, see a dermatologist for more appropriate action.

For moderate – severe acne cases: Need intensive treatment and close monitoring by dermatologists. Usually, it requires a combination of two or more methods such as laser and light, prescription topical drugs such as topical / oral retinoids, and topical / oral antibiotics.

After an attack has cleared up the acne, the patient needs to switch to maintenance therapy to avoid recurrence. Therefore, patients need to be patient and adhere to treatment. Don’t buy medicine yourself or hear someone else advise you about an effective method, because one treatment might work for one person but it won’t work for another.

Readers wonder “can you still eat spicy, hot, but your skin can still be healthy?”, Ask your doctor for advice?

The link between hot spicy foods and acne isn’t really clear yet and more research is needed. However, consuming too much hot spicy food can also adversely affect the stomach, insomnia, and heat in the body. So, in this case, use hot spicy foods in moderation and appropriateness.

Mistakes when treating and caring for acne skin? Doctors can share further recommendations.

Squeeze acne incorrectly or choose a type of red inflammatory acne, severe pustules will increase the risk of acne scars

If done properly for acne skin care and treatment, it will have a good therapeutic effect. However, some misconceptions in acne care and treatment can leave complications such as persistent erythema and severe pitting scarring. In particular, the concept of acne should not be treated but let alone increase the risk of these complications. The sooner and properly treated acne will help reduce the risk of it progressing into follicles and cysts and reducing the chance of scarring. In addition, the following views should be noted:

– When you have acne, you should not use moisturizer or sunscreen: For acne skin, products that do not contain oils or substances that can clog hair follicles should still be used to create lips. Favorable schools nourish the skin and reduce dark spots.

– Habit of squeezing acne: Squeezing acne incorrectly or choosing a type of acne that is red inflammation, severe pustules will increase the risk of acne scars. In some cases it can cause a more serious skin infection. Squeeze pimples suitable for blackheads, hidden acne to help quickly remove acne. However, it should be done gently and ensuring sterility to limit skin infections.

Lack of persistence in treatment: Usually, effective acne treatment takes 6-8 weeks to see a clear effect. Treatment failure is easily changed when the measures are changed. Even after a good response, the patient should also have an appropriate maintenance regimen to avoid recurrence.

Use of topical agents of unknown origin: Usually, these topicals contain acids of unknown concentration and composition, which have the ability to regenerate skin, flake skin and remove acne. However, many cases of allergic contact dermatitis, skin infection, and darkening of the skin following the use of these topical agents have been reported. Therefore, patients should be cautious when using topical medications.