Immediately after, the Center for Disease Control of Dong Thap province conducted a confirmation PCR test sample for this case and the result was negative for SARS-CoV-2. Dong Thap province has two confirmed PCR testing facilities. Explaining this result, the Dong Thap health sector said that usually, rapid tests have high sensitivity to easily screen all suspected cases so as not to miss subjects when investigating and tracing. But with the rapid test, it is not possible to confirm that the subject has Covid-19 but after performing the rapid test, a PCR test must be performed to confirm the screened result. New PCR test confirms whether the subject has Covid-19 or not. Related to the above case, today, there has been a lot of information on social networks that reflects incorrectly, causing confusion and insecurity in public opinion. Phuong Chau Sa Dec International Hospital is operating normally, well streamlining all stages, well implementing regulations on epidemic prevention and control for medical examination and inpatient departments. Dong Thap province’s functional sector recommends that people should select official information from competent professional agencies to speak, avoid spreading and sharing false information that causes confusion among the public.

On May 26, the Biden administration directed US intelligence officials to take a closer look origin of SARS-CoV-2 , including theories such as animal-to-human transmission and lab leaks. The SARS-CoV-2 virus has so far infected more than 172 million people globally and caused more than 3 million deaths. (Photo courtesy: AFP) To date, the most comprehensive look at the origins of Covid-19 is a report by the World Health Organization (WHO) published on March 30 by an international team of researchers who traveled to China to Investigate the origin of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. However, weeks later, many countries around the world have expressed concern that investigators have not had access to adequate data, while scientists say the report clearly shows how the virus develope. “The quick and obvious answer is not possible, as it normally takes years to trace the source of the virus. But in this case, I think we have enough evidence to make some hypotheses about SARS-CoV-2,” said Angela Rasmussen, a virologist at the Center for Global Health Science and Security at the Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Georgetown University Health, said. In the WHO report, the team found that it is possible that SARS-CoV-2 was transmitted from one animal to another before it was transmitted to humans. They also looked at evidence supporting the hypothesis that the virus was transmitted directly to humans from the original host animal, or that the virus spread through the frozen food supply chain. In addition, the research team said that the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan (China) is “very unlikely”. Below are the evidences for each of the four hypotheses about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 that the WHO report makes. 1. Direct animal-to-human transmission WHO assesses direct transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from animals to humans as a “probable” possibility. The SARS-CoV-2 virus originated in an animal, possibly a bat, and then spread to humans. The WHO report provides evidence that the majority of coronaviruses that infect humans come from animals, including the virus that caused the 2003 SARS outbreak. Bats are thought to be the most likely animal to cause it. epidemics of Covid-19 because they are hosts of a virus that is genetically related to SARS- CoV-2. The WHO report acknowledges the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 spread to humans from pangolins or ferrets. However, David Robertson, a virologist at the University of Glasgow, said that the WHO team of scientists had sampled many animals other than bats for study, and the analysis showed that bats are a natural reservoir for the virus. SARS-CoV-2. 2. Transmission from animals to humans through an intermediate host According to WHO, the possibility of SARS-CoV-2 transmission from animals to humans through an intermediate host is very high. In the event that SARS-CoV-2 was not transmitted directly from bats to humans, the scientists believe the most likely hypothesis is that the virus first spread through another animal species, such as a ferret or ferret. pangolin. Unlike bats, these animals are in constant contact with humans, especially if they are raised on farms or during the illegal wildlife trade. If SARS-CoV-2 was initially transmitted to another animal, that could also explain how the virus adapted to harm humans, although Robertson said the virus probably won’t change much. Genome analyzes show that SARS-CoV-2 is a virus specifically adapted to humans, which explains why it can be easily transmitted between pangolins, ferrets, cats and other species. other animals. The WHO report indicates that this is the route that previous corona viruses have taken to infect humans. For example, the SARS virus is believed to have passed from bats to civets before causing an epidemic in humans in 2002. Meanwhile, the virus that causes MERS has been found in camels throughout the Middle East. Daniel Lucey, an infectious diseases specialist at Georgetown University Medical Center, said that the similarities between SARS-CoV-2 and coronavirus families like SARS and MERS are a compelling argument that the strain type This virus can be transmitted in the same way. However, if this hypothesis is correct, it remains unclear what the intermediate host for the transmission of the virus from animals to humans is. The WHO team analyzed samples from thousands of domestic animals across China, all of which tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Mr. Lucey said that the WHO team did not adequately examine mink raised in China, one of the suspected intermediate hosts. 3. Transmission through frozen food WHO assesses the possibility that SARS-CoV-2 transmission through frozen food is probable. Another theory is that the virus can be transmitted to humans through the cold supply chain, the supply chain that distributes frozen food. In this case, the virus may have originated outside of China but spread into the country through the surface of the food packaging or in the food itself. This hypothesis gained interest in the summer of 2020 after several outbreaks in China. Since then, there has been some evidence that pathogens can survive longer at cold temperatures. However, while cold supply chains may play a role in new outbreaks, scientists say there is little reason to think that is the source of the pandemic. There is no direct evidence that SARS-CoV-2 causes food-borne outbreaks, while Rasmussen noted that SARS-CoV-2 is rarely spread through surfaces. . “It is not an impossibility. This possibility cannot be ruled out. But I think the current evidence is not enough to show that,” Ms. Rasmussen said. 4. Leaks from the lab According to WHO, the possibility of the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaking from the laboratory is extremely unlikely. The most controversial theory about the origin of SARS-CoV-2 is that the virus leaked from a laboratory in Wuhan, where scientists studied coronaviruses in bats. WHO scientists point out that there is little evidence that the virus leaked from the laboratory. An employee works at the laboratory of the Wuhan Institute of Virology (China). Photo: AFP There are 2 possibilities of the SARS-CoV-2 lab leak hypothesis, that is, a researcher was accidentally infected in the laboratory or the researchers intentionally invented a corona virus strain to create SARS. -CoV-2. However, the researchers completely rejected the second possibility that SARS-CoV-2 was created by genetic evidence that the virus arose spontaneously. WHO focuses on the possibility that the virus accidentally escaped from a laboratory where wildlife samples are being studied. Although there have been laboratory leaks in the past, the WHO report indicates that these are very rare. According to the WHO report, there is no record of any laboratory in Wuhan working on a virus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 before the first cases of Covid-19 were diagnosed. diagnosed in December 2019, nor have any laboratory staff reported symptoms of Covid-19. An article by the Wall Street Journal on May 23 stated that three researchers from China’s Wuhan Institute of Virology became ill in November 2019 and were hospitalized with “symptoms consistent with both Covid-19. -19 and seasonal flu. However, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian on May 25 denied this information. When the WHO report was released in April, Mr. Lucey believed the hypothesis was plausible, although less likely than animal-to-human transmission due to the lack of evidence. Lucey pointed out that there was no forensic investigation of the Wuhan labs. “There really isn’t any way to prove or disprove the lab leak theory based on what is presented in this report,” Ms. Rasmussen said, noting that, to address the issue, A forensic examination of the laboratory is required to find the origin of SARS-COV-2. According to expert Robertson, supporters of the virus lab leak hypothesis argue that SARS-CoV-2 has spread too quickly and effectively in humans to become a virus of natural origin. But if SARS-CoV-2 is a “smart” virus, according to genomic studies, Robertson said, it is not surprising that it infects humans so quickly and so strongly.

This is the result of research from 2020, by a team of University of Sciences, Thai Nguyen University that has successfully carried out the project: “Research and development of a rapid detection kit for SARS-CoV- 2 viruses by Realtime technique”. The product of the project is 20 biological kits that have been used in screening for SARS-CoV2 virus detection at hospitals and Centers for Disease Control of Thai Nguyen province. Prof. Dr. Pham Hong Quang, President of Thai Nguyen University, said that during the 4th outbreak of the epidemic, the University directed to support 100 million VND for over 400 volunteers who are officers, students, and students. volunteered to the University of Medicine and Pharmacy to participate in the prevention and control of COVID-19 in Bac Giang and Bac Ninh provinces. This force has been carrying out tasks such as taking samples, testing, tracing, taking care of patients and other jobs at epidemic hotspots of the two localities. Currently, there are nearly 300 volunteers who are officials, students, and final year students of the school who have registered and are ready to go. In the past 3 epidemics and the current epidemic, member universities of Thai Nguyen University such as the University of Industrial Technology, the University of Information and Communication Technology, the branch of Thai Nguyen University in the province Lao Cai, University of Science, University of Education… also donated automatic body temperature measuring devices, automatic hand sanitizer dispensers, thousands of bottles of antiseptic solution to many agencies and applications. schools, schools in Thai Nguyen province and neighboring provinces to serve the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic. The Board of Directors of Thai Nguyen University has also directed member units to prepare facilities and coordinate with Thai Nguyen Province’s Steering Committee for COVID-19 Prevention and Control in using the Education Center. National Defense and Security, the dormitories of universities, colleges, centers of Thai Nguyen University as a concentrated isolation area for COVID-19 prevention and control. Currently, Thai Nguyen province has issued a decision to establish a concentrated isolation area for COVID-19 epidemic prevention and control at the University of Technology and Industry, University of Agriculture and Forestry and a decision to establish a command center for the isolation area. COVID-19 prevention and control at the National Defense and Security Education Center.

The leader of the National University of Science and Technology handed over the SAR-CoV-2 test kit to the leader of the provincial Department of Health. This is a test kit to detect SARS-CoV-2 virus and report results by Realtime technique. The product has been recognized as meeting national standards and in 2020, and scientists from the University of Science under the National University of Science and Technology have produced and transferred over 1,000 test kits to medical facilities in the province. After the process of improving the production process, the test suite has achieved higher efficiency. It is known that to produce 1,000 of these test kits, scientists from the University of Science did it in 3 days (from May 30 to June 1). In order to continue to support COVID-19 disease control and prevention, TN is improving the production process to increase capacity by 4-5 times, and at the same time can serve controlled testing in the community. with a capacity of 10,000 people/day. Currently, the following units: Thai Nguyen Central Hospital, A Thai Nguyen Hospital and Provincial Center for Disease Control have been using this SAR-CoV-2 virus detection test kit in prevention work. epidemic control in the whole province.

The technological process of sequencing the SARS-CoV-2 virus genome by the new generation sequencing machine PacBio is the result of a scientific project assigned by the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology to the Institute of Biotechnology. (biotechnology) implementation, in order to meet the needs of supporting the handling of the COVID-19 epidemic in Vietnam. Phylogenetic tree of SARS-CoV-2 strains collected in Vietnam until April 1, 2021. The NCBI reference MN908947.3 was also included as a comparison (black), while the SARS-CoV-2 genomes analyzed and provided by the Institute of Biotechnology were included in the comparison (boxed in red). Sequences are colored according to the GISAID classification. The taxonomic tree shows the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 as well as when the strains entered Vietnam one by one. Prof. Dr. Truong Nam Hai – Project leader said that the Institute of Biotechnology has collaborated with the Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City and the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE) to develop a technical process to sequence the entire SARS virus genome. CoV-2 by PacBio’s long segment sequencing technology, including 6 steps: (1) Culture and extraction of viral RNA. (2) Synthesis of double-stranded cDNA from viral RNA. These two steps were carried out at the Pasteur Institute in HCMC and NIHE in clean room conditions of class III biosafety. (3) Prepare a DNA library for gene sequencing. (4) Sequencing the whole genome of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. (5) De novo assembly of the viral genome. (6) Annotation and analysis of viral genomes. The following four steps were performed at the Institute of Biotechnology in about 48 hours. Also according to Prof. Dr. Truong Nam Hai, in Vietnam, to sequence the SARS-CoV-2 virus genome, domestic units use short-sequencing technology. Then assemble and reference the previous genome. This technology takes a long time to read the complete genome (3-4 days) and there are still errors in reading. “Some other units can sequence with next-generation equipment based on the principle of sequencing short fragments. That is, they sequence short fragments, then assemble these fragments together into long segments. To sequence a genome, and to sequence that, the units must now use the reference sequence that has been solved previously (as before, China was the country that successfully sequenced the strain in Wuhan) After solving the short segments, use the reference sequence to assemble to form the genome of the strain that we are sequencing.This is often a long process, short sequencing is often difficult to do. read the entire genome fully, so sometimes it is necessary to use an additional sequence called sanger sequencing to fully read the genome that we are interested in.Besides, this method also has other advantages. reading errors, so editing it also takes more time “- Professor Truong Nam Hai said. Prof. Dr. Truong Nam Hai also said that the project has sequenced the entire genome of four strains of SARS-CoV-2 virus, with a length of over 29500 nucleotides/genome. The results of genome assembly showed that there were no reading errors or blanks, and the sequencing results achieved 99.99% accuracy. “Currently this is the only device in Vietnam, it doesn’t have to read short paragraphs, but read long ones. Reading short paragraphs only reads 100-200 nucleotides/fragment, then assembles into a full genome. But Long segments can read thousands, tens of thousands of nucleotides/segment, and reading long fragments, when assembled to produce a genome, it is simpler and more accurate, the accuracy is equivalent to 99.99%- ie reading errors are almost nonexistent, assembly is very fast.It takes about 2 days for sequencing, assembly and analysis to complete the genome of a virus “- GS Hai said. With the construction and mastering of PacBio’s long-range genome sequencing technique for SARS-CoV-2 virus, according to scientists’ assessment, it has opened up the possibility of fast and accurate viral genome sequencing. without relying on international reference gene sequences. This allows Vietnamese scientists to sequence new viral pathogens in the future without the need for a reference genome. Genome sequencing data contributes to determining the origin of the virus and the number of sources of infection (F0) in the outbreaks, is a scientific basis and important information in the development of strategies and plans for prevention and control. effective spread of the virus in the community. Assoc. Prof. Dr. Ha Quy Quynh – Head of Technology Application and Deployment Department, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology emphasized: “The successful study of the technological process of decoding the SARS-CoV-2 virus gene is contributed to the treatment regimen that we were able to suppress the epidemic, in particular, gene sequencing along with tracing allowed us to determine the source of the virus’s spread – the F0s, from which We have a scientific basis for us to isolate and isolate the number of people involved, and we also have a scientific basis to deploy optimal treatment regimens.” With the mastery of the existing technological process, capacity and conditions, the Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology also said that it is ready to cooperate with medical institutions in sequencing the system. genes of SARS-CoV-2 virus on a large scale in urgent cases, in order to effectively serve the prevention of COVID-19 epidemic in Vietnam./.

One theory is that the virus came from a bat-like animal. The virus then passes to another animal that has close contact with humans and infects them. The second theory suspects that the SARS-CoV-2 virus leaked from a chemical laboratory in Wuhan, China – where the first patient with Covid-19 was recorded. This hypothesis has been rejected many times, even by the WHO team of experts who came to Wuhan to investigate and rejected this hypothesis. However, in recent weeks, this question has been dug up again. Both of these hypotheses still have no reasonable answer, creating a controversy among scientists. The focus of public opinion The Wuhan Institute of Virology specializes in the study of pathogens in nature that are capable of infecting humans – causing novel diseases and high mortality. The Institute has collected many samples from wild animals for experiments to assess the vulnerability of humans to a variety of animal viruses. The institute has carried out numerous studies on bat viruses since the 2002 SARS outbreak, which claimed the lives of 774 people worldwide. Years after a strenuous search, scientists discovered a virus similar to the one that causes SARS exists in a bat cave in southwestern China. To reduce the risk of pathogens accidentally escaping, the facility had to enforce a series of stringent procedures, such as protective clothing or air filtration systems. However, even the most stringent measures cannot eliminate the risk of the virus leaking into the environment. Chinese virologist Shi Zhengli of the Wuhan Institute of Virology. Photo: South China Morning Post. For some scientists, the spread of pathogens by a careless laboratory worker is a plausible theory that explains how the pandemic began. The Wuhan Institute of Virology is located right near the Huanan seafood market – the outbreak is considered the most likely to transmit the virus from animals to humans. The location between the two immediately raised suspicions. Many people are even more suspicious in the context that the animal that carries the disease has not been identified and the Chinese government repeatedly refuses to allow the investigation of the scenario that Covid-19 is a leaked product from a laboratory. The scientists developed the hypothesis based on concerns about the risks associated with laboratory research, clues in the virus genome, and information from the institute’s studies. The Wuhan Institute of Virology insists that its laboratory does not have a virus closely related to SARS-CoV-2 – the origin of the Covid-19 outbreak. This hypothesis was repeatedly rejected, and was forgotten for some time. Until May 23, Wall Street Journal Citing a confidential US report, it was revealed that in November 2019, before China reported its first Covid-19 cases, some researchers at the Wuhan Institute of Virology were hospitalized. . Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian stated on May 24 that the article was “completely untrue”. The ability to transmit viruses from animals to humans A larger number of scientists believe that the virus that causes Covid-19 is of natural origin because there is no scientific evidence to support the scenario of a leak from a laboratory. Kristian G Andersen, a scientist at Scripps Research, who has done extensive research on coronaviruses, Ebola and other pathogens transmitted from animals to humans, says similar natural gene sequences are present in viruses as well. corona. Many new diseases in the past originated in bats. Photo: SCMP. In addition, from a historical perspective, a number of new diseases that have emerged in the past century have been traced back to human interactions with wild and domestic animals, including SARS (bats), MERS-CoV. (camels), Ebola (bats or primates) and Nipah viruses (bats). However, under any scenario, there is not enough evidence to prove that the other scenario cannot happen. 24 scientists recently sent a letter to the World Health Organization (WHO) demanding a rigorous, independent investigation, arguing that an international investigation into China in early February was insufficient. deep. US President Joe Biden on May 26 also ordered intelligence forces to “double efforts” to investigate the origin of the Covid-19 pandemic and report the results of the investigation within 90 days.

“The new naming does not replace the scientific names of the variants, but can aid in public discussion,” said Maria Van Kerkhove, WHO technical team leader on Covid-19. Other SARS-CoV-2 variants of interest will be labeled with the words “Epsiloon”, “Zeta”, “Eta”, “Theta” and “Iota”. (Artwork: BBC) Under the new system, the British variant (B.1.1.7) is called “Alpha”, the South African variant (B.1.351) is “Beta”, the Brazilian variant (P1) is “Gamma”. The Indian variant B.1.617 is divided into sub-lineages, where the B.1.617.2 variant is called “Delta” and the B.1.617.1 variant is called “Kappa”. Names such as variant B.1.1.7.2 will continue to be used in scientific circles, because of the mutational information their names convey. “Despite their advantages, scientific names can be difficult to say and remember, and easily misinterpreted. As a result, people often refer to variants by the places where they were first discovered, causing stigma and discrimination,” according to the WHO statement. “To avoid this and simplify mass communication, WHO encourages authorities, national media and everyone else to use these new names,” the WHO said. The Greek alphabet has 24 letters and WHO has not yet planned what to do next if all 24 letters are used. According to AFP, “Epsilon”, “Zeta”, “Eta”, “Theta” and “Iota” are names for variants of interest.

Man-made virus? Oncologist at St George’s Hospital in London, Professor Angus Dalgleish, and Norwegian virologist and president of Immunor Pharmaceuticals Birger Sørensen, revealed they had found evidence. originally about this last year, but was ignored by academia. Accordingly, during their research, the two experts concluded that “the possibility that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is the result of the development process in the natural environment is very low”. Both said this virus could be genetically modified at the Wuhan Institute of Virology (China) and a part of scientists tried to hide information about the origin of this virus. According to the two experts, they have found “special traces” that show that the virus is not of natural origin. This clue is a row of four amino acids, which generate a positive charge and bind to negative human cells. “According to the laws of nature, you cannot have four positive amino acids in a row. The only way to have this is to create it yourself,” Dalgleish said. He added that he and Sørensen had found evidence of human impact on the formation of the virus and made it look like a mutation in nature. Two British and Norwegian experts said the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes the COVID-19 pandemic, was created in a laboratory. Photo: THE NATION In addition, the two scientists also looked at studies on China, some in collaboration with US universities, to find out how tools for creating viruses were developed. Sputnik news. They conclude that most of the studies above use a “functional development” research approach, which involves manipulating natural viruses in the laboratory to make them more infectious, allowing scientists to study their potential effects on humans. “We believe the virus was designed and created in a functional development approach. They changed the virus, then tried to find its mutated form years ago,” Dalgleish said. “A natural viral pandemic would mutate gradually and become more infectious, but less pathogenic. Many people predicted the COVID-19 pandemic would be like this, but that doesn’t seem to happen,” – the two scientists said. Two experts: Discovery during vaccine research According to the two experts, “it seems that the documents about SARS-CoV-2 in Wuhan are confidential and related information has been destroyed”, so both “face huge gaps”. in the data will probably never be filled”. Mr Dalgleish and Mr Sørensen first raised their concerns last summer, after discovering suspicious features of the deadly virus while working on a vaccine against COVID-19. Security guards stand outside the Institute of Virology in Wuhan City, China. Photo: REUTERS The information about the research paper of the two scientists comes in the context of the US repeatedly calling for another investigation into the origin of the pandemic before China has always denied the possibility that the virus leaked from another in their laboratories, according to the South China Morning Post . On May 25, the Senate Intelligence Committee and the US House of Representatives Intelligence Committee announced that they were conducting their own investigation into the origin of the virus that caused the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as how the US government responded to the crisis. this panic. US officials are concerned that “the lack of cooperation and transparency in the information provided by the Chinese government will continue to adversely affect any efforts to determine the source of the virus that causes the COVID-19 pandemic. “. A day earlier, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lijian once again rejected the idea that the virus causing the COVID-19 epidemic originated in a laboratory in Wuhan, asserting that “there is no which leak” occurred. “The World Health Organization (WHO) team of experts went to investigate all the places they wanted to go, interviewed anyone they asked, and were satisfied with the results,” Zhao said.

How to get rid of Miss Vi? To get out of pandemics like Co Vi, it is now clear that it is not possible to rely solely on social distancing measures and aggressively tracing the virus. Closures and tracing are very important measures, and the Vietnamese government has excelled in the early stages of fighting the epidemic with these measures alone. But in an open world, the border door can’t close no matter how hard it is, tracking the ghost of Co Vi successfully this time but still wondering when it will come back. But if you keep busy with “national resistance”, “defensive counterattack”, you will be hungry all the time. Relying on medical treatment is even worse, because firstly, there is no medicine to guarantee that 100% of people infected with Co Vi will survive; the second (and more important) is that when there is an outbreak, the health system simply collapses, you have very little chance of being hospitalized, and if you do get into the hospital, there will be no more oxygen to breathe. . Some of my friends whispered to each other (=Phew) measures to eradicate Co Vi such as drinking hot water, eating garlic, steaming with leaves, or simply… fiercely drinking! If you apply it to yourself, it won’t hurt anyone other than your spouse, children, or grandchildren, but I beg you not to incite Phai to do the same, because that is verbal karma. Miss Vi is “contagious or dead” and our way out Co Vi’s principle of existence (and many other infectious viruses) is “infect or die”. Viruses are not cells, so they cannot reproduce outside of the body, and when outside the body, Co Vi does not last long. When the majority of the population is immune, the probability of transmitting Co Vi decreases, even those who are not immune are protected, the epidemic will be basically extinguished. This is the phenomenon of “herd immunity”, which has long been observed and concluded by scientists with many previous pandemics. Herd immunity can occur during natural epidemics. After about 70% of the population has been infected with Co Vi, about 1-5% will die, the rest will become immune. Assuming Vietnam followed this model, it would have to sacrifice about a million people. Certainly most of us disagree with this measure. There is another way that does not require such sacrifices to achieve herd immunity, which is to vaccinate the majority of the population. Immune cells can be “trained” to recognize Co Vi by the S protein molecule on its surface. When real Co Vi invades, immune cells secrete antibodies that “lock hands” with these S proteins. Co Vi’s protein S mimics the body’s ACE (angiotensin-converting enzyme) molecular structure to adhere to cell surfaces. If protein S is surrounded by antibodies, then Co Vi also “botay.com”. Not everyone wants a vaccine But in the world there is a part of people who think they will not get vaccinated. Some even think that this is a conspiracy of certain forces to invest a lot of money to profit on the sacrifice of their fellow human beings. Others will not go for injections because they find it annoying, or afraid of spending money. Attitude to vaccination is a personal choice, but is greatly influenced by social relations, by the community to which the individual belongs. Here, I would like to introduce two social issues that have a great influence on the attitude to accept vaccination, which have been analyzed quite meticulously by sociologists. 1. Religion and vaccines (Main reference: Pelcic et al 2016. Religious exception for vaccination or religious excuses for avoiding vaccination Croat Med J 56(5):516-521) Religious beliefs have a huge influence on vaccination acceptance attitudes. All major religions have favorable attitudes towards vaccination. The first precept of Buddhism is abstaining from killing, so Buddhists accept vaccinations to keep themselves and others healthy. On the other hand, Buddhism considers all species to be non-killing beings, and believes that humans can also be reincarnated into other beings. Thus killing animals for vaccine research may be contrary to Buddha’s teachings. The Catholic Church does not prohibit vaccination. Historically, Catholic and Anglican missionaries (Catholics in England and some former British colonies) have inoculated with smallpox in North America. Today’s development of biomedical research leads to an issue that may contradict Catholic doctrine, which is that some vaccines are produced on cultured cell lines of fetal origin, specifically Meruvax. , Rudivax and MR-VAX (Rubella prophylaxis), A-VAQTA and HAVRIX (hepatitis A), Varivax (chickenpox), and Polivax (smallpox). But when there are no other vaccines to choose from, parishioners are still encouraged to vaccinate to protect young children and the community, especially pregnant women. In Islam, food is divided into two categories, halal is allowed, and haram is not. Pork is haram, so pharmaceuticals that use gelatin (a glue made from animal skin including pig skin) should not be used. However, the Koran also speaks of “law of necessity”, in case the believer does not have a halal to choose from, forcing the use of haram will not be considered a sin. Immunizations are meant to protect life, as “izalat aldharar” (prevention of harm), and “maslahat al ummah” (for the public good). So even if a certain vaccine is related to pigs, it is still possible to apply “forced law when necessary”. Some religions or religious sects may be anti-vaccination. Protestantism does not have a central system, so local churches have very different attitudes on vaccination. Some Protestant priests do not raise the issue of vaccinations in their sermons because they think this is a generally accepted attitude of the whole society. Others leave it to the laity to interpret and choose their attitude towards vaccines. Still others have publicly condemned vaccines, arguing that vaccination is an intervention against God’s will (interfering with Divine Providence). 2. Belief in science and attitudes towards vaccines Key references: Sturgis et al. Trust in science, social consensus and vaccine confidence. Nature Human Behaviour May 17, 2021. This is a study published last week by three authors Patrick Sturgis, Ian Brunton-Smith and Jonathan Jackson from the London School of Economics and Politics (LSE), the University of Surrey (UK) and the University of Sydney Law School (Australia). . https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-021-01115-7.pdf. The authors analyze data obtained from the Wellcome Global Monitor (Gallup Institute) survey, conducted since 2018 (before the Covid-19 pandemic), about people’s trust in science and the attitude to accept vaccines in Vietnam. 144 countries. The average number of participants in each country was 1000, with China, India and Russia alone being sampled 2000 people from each country. In this poll, the global average result is that more than four-fifths of the population believe in science, the highest in North America, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand, the lowest in South America, Eastern Europe and Africa. Chau. The percentage of men who believe in science is higher than that of women. Scientific trust is also higher among the educated and high-income population. In countries where the gap between rich and poor is low, there is often high scientific trust. Regarding the attitude of accepting vaccines, about 92% of the global population think that vaccination of children is necessary, 78% think that vaccines are safe, and 84% think that vaccines are effective. This attitude also varies markedly across countries. Again, this is the result of an investigation from 2018, that is, about vaccines in general, not just the vaccine against Co Vi. Next, the authors analyzed the correlation between trust in science and vaccine acceptance attitude. A major part of the results can be illustrated by Figure 1, where countries are divided into five groups according to the assessment of science trust and vaccine acceptance from high to low (left to right). In the highest group, the consensus between scientific belief and vaccine acceptance attitude is highest (blue graph has the steepest slope). This correlation decreases, in the lowest group, the graph is horizontal, which means that there is almost no consensus between scientific beliefs and vaccine acceptance attitudes. Illustration: The relationship between scientific beliefs and vaccine acceptance attitudes. Credit: Nature Human Behaviour 2021. Someone may counter that “I know Mr. A is very rich and Mr. B is highly educated, but neither of them accept vaccines”. Please answer that the above research results are based on the science of statistical probability. That is, the results are only true for the majority, not necessarily for individuals. And statistical probability also tells us that when we deduce from a few particular observations to apply to the majority, the probability of right/wrong can be only 50/50.

The Ambasssador Cruisse docked at the old Bai Chay Ferry Terminal and was arranged by the Quang Ninh Port Authority in a separate anchorage area. Photo: baoquangninh.com.vn As VNA reports: 182 tourists and staff of Ambassador Cruise are temporarily isolated on board in Ha Long Bay because the ship’s kitchen staff is F1 of a COVID-19 case related to the outbreak in Ha Nam province. . Ambassador Cruise of Ha Long Pacific Company Limited left the wharf to bring the number of tourists to spend the night on Ha Long Bay at noon on May 2 and is expected to dock at Tuan Chau port to disembark at noon on May 3. The kitchen staff of the Ambassador Cruise ship returned to Ha Nam and played games here. However, the owner of the game shop in Ha Nam was determined to have COVID-19 so this chef became F1. With the first negative result, Ha Long city will implement a plan to monitor, manage and isolate visitors and employees of Ambassador Cruise according to regulations, ensuring reasonable, strict and appropriate. actual conditions. Ha Long City directs the Urban Management Department to coordinate with the City Police to urgently compile a list of tourists and staff on the Ambassador Cruise ship, provide it to the medical room, the health center, the People’s Committee. Bai Chay ward to coordinate management and take measures to monitor, manage and isolate according to regulations. The People’s Committee of Bai Chay Ward in collaboration with Ha Long Pacific Company Limited, Tuan Chau International Passenger Port is responsible for managing the Ambassador Cruise-QN8879 ship and the tourists and staff on board as an area. isolated until final results are available. City police, Ha Long city health center and health department cooperate with People’s Committees of relevant communes and wards to urgently trace and clarify the locations where the F1 case has been and stayed. , service use … widely information to promptly implement measures to prevent and control the epidemic when there are complicated developments.

Ministry of Health received 10,000 test tests for SARS-CoV-2. (Photo: PV / Vietnam +) On May 12, the Ministry of Health received 10,000 test tests for SARS-CoV-2 for work epidemic prevention . Facing complicated developments of COVID-19 from the end of April 2021 up to now, Vietnam has recorded many domestic cases in 26 provinces, cities and hospitals. Therefore, the Vietnam Young Physician Association has asked the Ministry of Health to receive 10,000 SARV-COV-2 test kits produced and awarded by Ampharco USA Pharmaceutical Joint Stock Company to support strengthening laboratory capacity. , anti-epidemic COVID-19. Speaking at the Reception Ceremony, Deputy Minister of Health Tran Van Thuan emphasized that the COVID-19 epidemic continues to affect all aspects of socio-economic life, with Ampharco USA accompanying the health sector to support 10,000 The test kit is a very meaningful job, demonstrating the company’s social responsibility in joining hands to repel pandemic. This is also a policy of the Government to encourage scientists to research and manufacture products and biologicals for SARS-CoV-2 diagnostic tests, actively contributing to the prevention and control of COVID- 19. Test kit COVID-19 “AmphaBio HT- Hithroughput PCR COVID-19” is a product invested by Ampharco USA, research and development, according to technology transferred from Military Medical Academy, can detect most Variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to date. This kit has been licensed by the Ministry of Health to circulate in Decision No. 2263 / QD-BYT dated 7/5/2021. Professor Do Quyet – Director of Military Medical Academy said that the AmphaBio HT- Hithroughput PCR COVID-19 test kit is a cooperation product between Military Medical University and Ampharco USA, applying new US technologies. Military Medical Academy always creates the most optimal conditions for its scientists to research and develop highly timely applied products in the prevention and control work. COVID-19 translation ./.

The quarantine area of ​​the National Defense and Security Training Center – which is concentrating on quarantine for citizens from Taiwan All of these citizens were allowed to take samples for Covid-19 as prescribed. By the afternoon of 10.5, the test results showed that 236/236 citizens were negative for the first time for SARS-CoV-2. Citizens will be kept on quarantine for a full 21 days and have at least 2 times tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 under the new regulation to be eligible to complete quarantine. Currently, the whole province is organizing isolating 417 people, isolated at home with 2,207 people. Of which, all 45 F1 cases related to Covid-19 cases inside and outside the province tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. The Health sector is coordinating with relevant agencies to urgently trace F1 and F2 subjects related to patients announced by the Ministry of Health. As of October 10, the province has vaccinated for 7,981 priority subjects, achieved nearly 93% of the target, ensuring vaccination safety.

Laboratory – Center for high-tech medical diagnosis Thien Nhan Danang has enough capacity to confirm positive for Sars-CoV-2. Today, April 26, Dr. Do Thai Hung, Director of Nha Trang Pasteur Institute signed Decision No. 905 / QD-IPN on recognition of the laboratory – Center for high-tech medical diagnosis Thien Nhan Da Nang. confirmation of SARS-CoV-2 virus positive cases. This laboratory is responsible for confirming cases of positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus in Da Nang, to confirm for other localities upon request and report test data according to regulations. . Earlier on April 24, Nha Trang Pasteur Institute conducted an inspection and assessment of the testing capacity for SARS-CoV-2 virus of Thien Nhan Laboratory – Thien Nhan, Thien Nhan High-tech Medical Diagnostic Center in Da Nang. . Thien Nhan Da Nang High-Tech Medical Diagnostic Center has built a molecular biology laboratory according to international association standards, ensuring accuracy and safety in the process of receiving and manipulating tests. Sample / Solution Transport … Nha Trang Pasteur Institute has verified and recognized all the operating documents / procedures, equipment management, initial waste treatment in medical waste treatment, general testing procedures. test; fully equipped with chemicals, biologicals and materials for the SARS-CoV-2 confirmation test. In particular, people who test positive cases for SARS-CoV-2 virus meet the prescribed requirements, are well trained in screening testing techniques trained by Nha Trang Pasteur Institute. According to Mr. Ngo Duc Hai, Director of Thien Nhan High-tech Medical Diagnostic Center, is the first private medical unit in Da Nang to be licensed by the Department of Health of Da Nang City to coordinate the City Disease Control Center. Da Nang (CDC) tested for SARS-CoV-2 from August 2020. Over the past time, Thien Nhan laboratory has tested SARS-CoV-2 for more than 8,000 people, actively serving the Covid-19 epidemic prevention and control of Da Nang city and central provinces. Especially during the peak epidemic in Da Nang 8-2020, to meet the needs of safety in production, travel, exit … in accordance with regulations on prevention and control of Covid-19 epidemic. Thien Nhan hopes to contribute more to the proactively coping with the increasingly complicated Covid-19 epidemic in the world, serving the safety of production, travel, study and work of the people. local at home and abroad.

B.1.617 dangerous? I think we now have two misunderstandings to avoid. One is the concept of the B.1.617 mutant strain originating from India and the other is the term “double mutation”. Because India is only a country with many patients infected with B.1.617 only, there is no evidence of virus mutation originating from this country. The term “double mutation” is used to refer to two mutations, E484Q and L452R. According to the evolutionary principle of all viruses, strain B.1.617, when sequencing genes, scientists found many different mutations. But two mutations that have caught the most attention of scientists are the E484Q mutation that can help the virus evade the immune system, and the L452R mutation, which can help the virus spread faster. In fact, the evolved virus would have so many mutations at once, so it’s not uncommon for two mutations like strain B.1.167 to even occur frequently in SARS-CoV-2 during the megalomania. Translate. Personally, I cannot say “double mutation” B.1.617 is double the danger. The E484Q mutation is similar to E484K, a mutation previously found in the virus variant in the UK, South Africa and Brazil. Likewise, the L452R mutation was present in the epidemic CAL.20C variant in California. Scientists disagree with the term “double mutation” when referring to variant B.1.617 because that term is easily misleading. They believe that if two mutations occur, the danger level will double. Immunologist and microbiologist Kristian Andersen (California Campus) and professor of microbiology Sharon Peacock (Cambridge University) are both very in-depth research on mutant virus strains, but they disagree when using use the term “double mutation”. On the other hand, they do not agree to assign the strain B.1.617 originating from India. Most experts believe that the mutant virus strain B.1.617 is not the cause of the epidemic in India out of control. Logically, strain B.1.617 appeared in India from October 5, 2020. Since that time India has been taking steps to control the disease very well, with many remarkable achievements. By November 2020, India has basically successfully controlled the epidemic, the number of cases per day has fallen to less than 10,000 people since the beginning of 2021. B.1.617 is present in 22 countries but still under control. When a virus variant appeared, scientists immediately studied four problems. The first is the ability to cause disease. The second is the ability to evade immunity and vaccines. The third is the trait of the new mutation from the previous variants and the fourth is the contagiousness of the new mutant strain. Dr Jeffrey Barrett, COVID-19 genomic research director at the Wellcome Sanger Institute, said that variant B.1.617 is less severe than variants in the UK, South Africa and Brazil. On the extent of the spread, Barrett argues, it is clear that this variation in frequency increases in India creating a huge and tragic wave, but it will take months to reach the present dangerous state. This suggests that variant B.1.617 is less contagious than the UK mutant. Professor Richard Neher, who leads the research group on the evolution of the virus at the University of Basel also said that variant B.1.617 is no more severe than the other variants. Although B.1.617 is causing crisis, out of control, there is a risk of a complete collapse of the health system in India. But according to Dr. Christian Drosten, head of virology at Charité Hospital in Berlin, there is no reason to worry too much about the B.1.617 variant called a “double mutation”. Similarly, other virologists around the world have shared the same view that variant B.1.617 is more dangerous than the variants that happened in the UK, South Africa and Brazil. Vietnam once appeared outbreaks due to the B.1.1.7 variant of the UK occurred in Hai Duong, Quang Ninh, TP. Ho Chi Minh City, Hanoi and a few other provinces, but we controlled and extinguished it completely. The question is that B.1.617 has become the “tsunami” that knocked down the Indian giant, but with Vietnam, will we once again win? My answer is: “Vietnam has won against B.1.617 again!”. (Illustration) Causes of outbreaks in India Almost a week, India has 215 new infections and 1 death every minute, world records are continuously set. The old record just yesterday this morning was crushed, with more than 18 million patients and nearly 200,000 deaths. India became the second most heavily affected country in the world, only temporarily behind the US. The reason for the disaster was not due to the B.1,617 mutation, but some inaccurate information that created the illusion of both the government and the people. For example, the news that India has achieved herd immunity, or its outstanding record in epidemic control, has been accompanied by a series of internationally-acclaimed “humanitarian vaccines” policies. The Indian government prides itself on crushing the epidemic curve! In early 2021, the government’s anti-epidemic measures were loosened, and people’s guarding is inevitable. Google tracks the flow of people across countries, since January of this year, Indians have been shopping and moving a lot more. The density of people is quite high in public areas or on public transport, the frequency of activities of the people is close to the normal state when there has not been an epidemic. When people are subjective, personal protective measures such as wearing a mask, measuring body temperature, disinfecting, and keeping social distance are almost not complied with. That is a significant factor contributing to the rapid spread of the epidemic. A series of exciting activities in the locality, such as campaigning, rally, election, demonstrations of farmers, even holding a big wedding are also opportunities for COVID-19 to break out. But the most unfortunate thing is probably the traditional festivals, especially the Kumbh Mela festival with a huge influx of Hindu pilgrims, estimated at hundreds of millions, lasting through April. During the festival, nearly 5 million people jumped into the Ganges to baptize. Every day about a million people join the pilgrimage to pray, they squeeze wings and do not wear masks because they believe that India is immune to the herd, when in fact both the infected and the vaccinated people have not. up to 10% of the population. But … India still has a long way to go to have herd immunity. In Southeast Asia, from Cambodia, Laos, Thailand to the Philippines, the epidemic is booming, every country is also at risk of breaking the battle. What should Vietnam do? Vietnam will also not be immune from invasive diseases. But fortunately, each day Vietnam has more than 20 traditional festivals, but only small ones. I advocate scaling down these festivals, even canceling them if it’s not safe. As for the festival related to tourism, because the epidemic is still long, it is impossible to stop forever, fight against epidemics well to maintain activities aimed at socio-economic development, in which tourism is a very important part. In my opinion, in the coming time, an epidemic outbreak in India and surrounding countries, Vietnam needs to turn tourism and tourism-related festivals into forms of social relaxation. For example, during the 4-day holiday this weekend, tourist destinations just need to change the scale; Cancellation of all public gatherings during the festival, such as cancellation of firework events, cancellation of indoor stage performance events, cancellation of outdoor large stage performance events. If we do so, tourists are mostly going for a break, essentially like a round of social break. On the whole, this weekend of 4-day holiday, in my opinion is a great time to have a break, especially with families returning home, or the few who stay in the city also resting in place, So the 4-day vacation is a very good opportunity to prevent epidemics. Ultimately, we must still have a vaccine to tackle the pandemic.

However, on April 19, the patient was re-positive for the SARS-CoV-2 virus. After consulting with the Central Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Viet Tiep Friendship Hospital carried out procedures to transfer the patient to facility 2 of the Central Tropical Hospital for further isolation and monitoring. Hai Phong Transport and Transport Hospital, where male nurses work. Photo: CTV. Before that, this patient had 11 tests positive for SARS-CoV-2. On April 5, BN2391 performed the 15th test and got negative results. It is the third consecutive time he has tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. Hai Phong Department of Health then reports to the National Steering Committee for the procedure of announcing patients from Covid-19. And so far, this brother has the same result. Regarding the epidemic situation in Hai Phong, on April 22, medical facilities in this city took and received 104 new screening samples; 47 samples were found negative for SARS-CoV-2 virus, waiting for 102 samples. Hai Phong still has 72 isolated people in concentrated medical isolation; 503 expat medical isolation specialist in hotel and one medical isolator at home, residence.

4 days ago, the specialized agency did test with NVQ before being discharged from the hospital to find that the patient was re-positive for SARS-CoV-2 virus. On the same day, the patient was transferred to the Central Hospital for Tropical Diseases 2 for continued monitoring and treatment. Blockade of Hai Phong Transportation Hospital on the day when the case was detected. On April 22, health facilities in Hai Phong city took and received 104 new screening samples. The result, 47 samples were negative for SARS-CoV-2 virus, waiting for 102 samples. Currently, the city still has 72 quarantined people in the city’s medical quarantine facilities; 503 alien specialist hotel isolation and 1 home-residence isolation specialist. Hai Phong Department of Health has also directed COVID-19 vaccination at 3 injection sites for 86 people, including Viet Tiep Friendship Hospital Facility 2, Medical Center Kien An District and Duong Kinh District Medical Center, raising The cumulative total number of people vaccinated against COVID-19 in Hai Phong is 3,510.

However, when they expanded their study to animals, they discovered some early forms of B117 in dogs, including a sample taken in the US in July 2020. Artwork: AP “These initial variants included most or all of the B117 mutations in the Canidae breed and they could have infected humans after a rapid mutation,” Professor Chen Luonan and colleagues at the State Cell Biology Key Laboratory said in a report posted on biorxiv on April 16. The arrival of the B117 variant has puzzled researchers. After being isolated from two patients in Kent in southeast England and London in September 2020, the new variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus quickly became the dominant strain in the UK and many other countries. the ability to spread more strongly than the original virus strain. Some experts believe that the variant may have emerged from the local community due to the selective pressures of antiviral drugs used during the pandemic. According to a popular theory, this variant suddenly appeared in England and then spread to many other parts of the world. However, this variant had nine mutations that were rarely found on previous human variants, said Chan and colleagues. These mutations do not appear in adjacent genes, but spread across the entire genome of the virus. The likelihood of these mutations occurring at the same time is very low. The Shanghai team of researchers believes that these nine mutations created one mutation after another. Their model also suggests that variations may have appeared outside the UK and spawned mutations that were present on non-human hosts. The dogs are the most likely animal in this case, followed by the weasels and the cats. Qu Liandong, a virology professor at the Harbin Veterinary Research Institute who was not involved in the study, said that more clear evidence is needed to support the hypothesis. The variations found in dogs do not quite resemble the first confirmed variant in a British patient, although the number of genetic sequences the researchers gathered from hundreds of thousands of patients was still overwhelming. small compared to the total number of patients in the world. Some of the early forms of the B117 variant were missed in the sample collection program, he said. However, if pets like dogs become hosts, “we will have a big problem,” said Professor Qu. “Nearly all of our measures to deal with disease so far have only considered humans. If the animals are also sick, it will completely change the situation,” he said. . When bird flu outbreaks occur in a chicken farm, all chickens are destroyed, even healthy ones, to prevent the risk of infection. Dogs are close friends of man. If they are able to carry or create variant SARS-CoV-2, they could suffer a similar fate, Qu said. Another solution is to inject animals with vaccines. “However, we cannot inject dogs with human vaccines. We need to develop completely new vaccines. Right now, we are still struggling in the campaign to vaccinate humans. Can the vaccination program be extended to both dogs and other animals? “asks Qu. There is growing concern that the B117 could make the dogs weaker. Veterinarians near London discovered a spike in pets, including dogs and cats, with myocarditis, and many of these were positive for the new variant of the SARS-CoV- virus. 2. Humans and animals have different immune systems and it is often difficult for viruses to be transmitted from one species to another. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is thought to have originated in bats and it takes decades to adapt in humans. When and where this virus spreads from animals to humans remains a mystery. The B117 variant has a special evolutionary process to increase infectivity, so it can be spread more easily from one host to another, says Chen’s team. Whether this process helps the variant of SARS-CoV-2 cross the species gap is still in need of further study, the experts said./.

The new variants were first spotted in countries like Brazil, South Africa and the UK that spontaneously appeared in the last few months of 2020. The main concern was a change in the mutant protein structure of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, known as E484K, in all three variants in the three countries, the researchers said. The E484K mutation is thought to impair the body’s immune response to the virus. Some scientists expressed concern that the E484K mutation could “elude” the natural immunity from SARS-CoV-2 infection and decrease the protection of existing Covid-19 vaccines. Artwork: Getty Images According to scientists interviewed by Reuters, the appearance of virus variants in different regions of the world shows that the SARS-CoV-2 virus is undergoing “convergent evolution”. Although SARS-CoV-2 will continue to mutate, they suspect the virus will have only a certain number of variants, immunologists and virologists say. However, it is still important to consider whether or not to limit the number of variants that make the SARS-CoV-2 virus less dangerous. “It can be said that the SARS-CoV-2 virus has a relatively limited number of variants that avoid antibodies before releasing the strongest ‘card’,” said Shane Crotty, virologist at La Institute of Immunology. Jolla in San Diego (USA) said. This could allow drug manufacturers to control disease while they develop the booster Covid-19 vaccine to suppress the current variant. Meanwhile, governments around the world are still struggling to control the pandemic that has killed nearly 3 million people globally. The opinion that the SARS-CoV-2 virus has only a certain amount of mutation has been the subject of discussion among experts since the beginning of February. According to a study, scientists have discovered seven variations of SARS. -CoV-2 appears in the US, has the same mutation. The convergent evolutionary process of SARS-CoV-2 According to Reuters, the process by which different species evolve similar traits to improve survival is central to evolutionary biology. The wide spread of the Covid-19 pandemic, with more than 128 million infections worldwide, allows scientists to observe the viral evolution in practice. “If you want to write a book about the evolution of viruses, you can do it now,” said Dr. Francis Collins, director of the US National Institutes of Health in an interview. Scientists saw the virus evolve on a smaller scale in 2018 when the H7N9 avian flu virus in China began adapting to a human host. However, there has never been a globally controlled virus such as SARS-CoV-2. Wendy Barclay, a virologist and professor at Imperial College London (UK), said she was amazed at the “staggering amount of convergent evolution” of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. “There are dangerous mutations like E484K, N501Y and K417N that all three variants in Brazil, South Africa and UK are carrying,” Ms. Barclay said. SARS-CoV-2 is not a “particularly smart” virus, the scientists said. Each time it infects people, SARS-CoV-2 makes copies of itself, and for each copy, it can make a mistake. While some of the mistakes are insignificant, the ones that give this virus an existential advantage tend to be long-lasting. “If this is repeated, it will provide some developmental advantages for the SARS-CoV-2 virus,” said Francis Collins. Some experts believe that the virus has a limited number of mutations that can be sustained before affecting its ability to function. Besides, too many mutations will cause the virus to no longer exist in the original version. “If the SARS-CoV-2 virus had an infinite number of ‘tricks,’ we would see a multitude of mutations,” said Michel Nussenzweig, an immunologist at Rockefeller University in New York. Cautious optimism However, the scientists remain cautious and say, predicting how much SARS-CoV-2 will mutate is a challenge. If there is a limit to how this virus can evolve, that would be simpler for the vaccine developers. The Novavax company is making adjustments to the vaccine to prevent variation in South Africa. However, trials have shown that the efficacy of the vaccine against the variant in South Africa is quite low. “The virus can mutate a lot and it still binds to a human host,” Novavax CEO Stan Erck said and hopes the vaccine will be effective for most of the current strains. According to Mr. Stan Erck, Novavax will continue to test vaccines for new strains of strains. Scientists have recently identified seven variants of SARS-Cov-2 in the US, with all mutations occurring in the same key location of the virus. This provides additional evidence of viral convergence evolution. Other research groups are working on exposing the virus to antibodies to force it to mutate. In many cases, the E484K mutation has appeared in the experiment. According to Reuters, the above evidence adds to the cautious optimism that the mutants appear to have many similar characteristics. However, experts say the world must continue to monitor for changes in the SARS-CoV-2 virus and eliminate its ability to mutate by reducing infection through vaccination and restrictive measures. the spread of the disease. “SARS-CoV-2 is still going very strong. We don’t know when the battle against the pandemic will end, ”said Vaughn Cooper, an expert in evolutionary biology at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine (USA).

On the afternoon of April 16, the Center for Disease Control of Nghe An province and the Nghe An Department of Health said that among 224 Vietnamese citizens returning to the country from Japan, there were two samples that were tested positive. calculated against SARS-CoV-2 virus. Citizens from Japan who flew back to Vinh airport after immigration procedures were taken to medical quarantine. These two people (a native of Phu Tho and one from Nghe An) returned from Narita Airport (Japan), and were immediately quarantined after they got off at Vinh airport (Vinh city, Nghe An). Both are being isolated at the quarantine area of ​​the Southwestern Nghe An Regional General Hospital. Previously, following the direction of the Government Office, Nghe An Provincial People’s Committee and the Nghe An Department of Health directed the Center for Disease Control in Nghe An province to send four working groups and one team (including medical staff and vehicles. ambulance) of Nghe An General Friendship Hospital, coordinated with working groups to welcome 224 citizens from Japan to Nghe An. Including 222 adults and 2 children. On the evening of April 14, flight number VJ7835 carried 224 citizens on the flight from Narita Airport (Japan) to Vinh airport. After entering, the medical quarantine team consisting of 9 staff conducted quarantine according to regulations for all 224 people. Team of environmental treatment, spraying chemical disinfectants for aircraft, luggage compartment, hand luggage. The medical team led the convoy to bring 224 people to isolation at Muong Thanh Con Cuong Hotel (Con Cuong district, Nghe An province) and conducted tests … Vehicles carrying citizens from Vinh Airport to the quarantine point. Results of 224 tests showed that two samples were positive for SARS-CoV-2 (Nghe An and Phu Tho people). Both of these two people are isolated in a room of the Muong Thanh Con Cuong Hotel. As soon as the test results of specialized vehicles were available, two people left the hotel room for isolation and treatment at the South West Region General Hospital of Nghe An. Nghe An health sector is investigating and tracing the above cases of positive contact to perform medical isolation. The Standing Committee of the Steering Committee for COVID-19 epidemic prevention in Nghe An province had an urgent meeting and together with Con Cuong district checked the treatment at the Southwestern Regional General Hospital; discussing, assessing the situation and implementing professional solutions related to COVID-19 epidemic prevention in Nghe An in the coming time.

The Japanese wear a Covid-19 fashion mask. Photo: Japan Times.

Minister of Health and Labor Tamura Norihisha in today’s press conference when it comes to Japan’s implementation of the Covid-19 translation of emergency, said, will first consult with experts. and the government will make the final decision.

The expert said that in case strong measures to prevent the spread of infection are not effective, the declaration of a return of emergency should also be taken into account. The Minister of Health and Labor affirmed that before it comes back to declaring a state of emergency, what needs to be done is extremely important.

Meanwhile, Economic Reconstruction Minister Nishimura cum in charge of epidemic prevention said that he had reported to the House of Representatives on the situation of the new virus infection in Kanagawa, Chiba, Saitama, Aichi provinces … and measures. strengthen prevention of the spread especially before there is a possibility of re-declaring emergencies in these areas. These are the provinces and cities where the rate of new virus from the UK and South Africa has increased rapidly despite high warning levels.

Accordingly, this measure will not only include an average assessment of the infection rate among young people, the number of cases, but also pay attention to the participation of the people. Specifically urged people to limit traveling to other provinces when they are not needed, even during long holidays from the end of April to the beginning of May, not neglecting the strict implementation of measures to prevent infection in Vietnam. restaurants and bars.

Since Japan abolished its second emergency in early March, the number of new infections has continuously increased. Some prefectures such as Osaka, Aichi, Hyogo … the number of infected cases skyrocketed, some even surpassed Tokyo, which has always had the highest number of new infections since the outbreak of the new virus.

Yesterday (April 15), Japan recorded 4576 new cases, of which serious infections also increased.

The Covid-19 vaccination operation is still underway. Expected early next May, objects are the elderly and foreigners will be vaccinated. Currently, Japan is still actively promoting connections with international pharmaceutical firms to buy more vaccines. Japanese Prime Minister Suga Yoshihide is visiting Japan and is expected to have a phone call with the owner of the US pharmaceutical company Pfizer to increase vaccine imports in the near future.

Meanwhile, according to a report by the Ministry of Health of Thailand, today (April 16) this country recorded nearly 1,600 new cases of Covid-19. This is the highest number of cases per day since the outbreak of the pandemic, in the context that the Southeast Asian country is facing the third wave of infections of the Covid-19 epidemic.

According to Thai officials, the country currently has no new deaths, but the number of new infections has increased sharply in the past week, bringing the total number of cases to more than 39,000 cases, putting the risk of overloading the health system. Therefore, the Thai Ministry of Health yesterday (April 15) had to warn, if hospitals and clinics refuse to receive treatment for Covid-19 patients, they will be handled according to the provisions of the law.

In India, data released by the Ministry of Health today (April 16) shows that, in the past 24 hours, the number of new Covid-19 cases has increased to a record of more than 217,000 cases. This is the record increase for the 8th time in 9 days in India. The total number of cases in this country is nearly 14.3 million cases, behind the US with more than 31 million cases. In addition to the above cases, the total number of deaths caused by Covid-19 also increased by nearly 1,200 people, to more than 174,000 cases./.

COVID-19 vaccine for people in Ohio, USA. Photo: AFP / VNA

The country most severely affected remains the United States with 577,226 deaths out of a total of 32,075,852 cases. It was followed by India with 172,461 deaths out of 13,960,574 cases. In the past 24 hours, the country recorded an additional 184,372 cases of COVID-19 and 1,027 deaths. This is the day India has the highest number of cases ever and the highest number of deaths in 2021. April 14 is the 8th day in a row and the 9th time this month that the number of new cases has exceeded. 100,000 cases milestone in India. Third place was Brazil with 358,718 deaths out of 13,601,566 patients.

In Asia, the Philippines’ Department of Health (DOH) announced that it had recorded 8,122 new cases, bringing the total number of cases in this Southeast Asian country to 892,880 cases. According to DOH, the total number of deaths in the Philippines also increased to 15,447, 162 more than the day before. Philippine Deputy Health Minister Maria Rosario Vergeire said the rate of disease spread in this country has not decreased, the number of cases continues to increase. According to the official, the infection in the community still occurs, the outbreaks in the workplace are the main source of transmission, mainly in hospitals and closed workspaces.

On the same day, Malaysia recorded 1,889 new cases, bringing the total number of cases in this country to 365,892 cases. Malaysia also recorded eight more deaths in the past 24 hours, bringing the total number of deaths due to the disease in the country to 1,353.

Thailand is considering imposing new measures to deal with the growing number of new COVID-19 infections. On April 14, Thailand recorded the highest number of new cases of COVID-19 by day since the pandemic appeared in the country early last year. The Center for Managing the situation COVID-19 (CCSA) confirmed 1,335 new cases, bringing the total number of cases in the country to 35,910, including 97 deaths.

In Japan, leading infectious disease expert Shigeru Omi warns the country has entered the fourth wave of infection of the COVID-19 pandemic amid highly infectious variants of the SARS-CoV virus. -2 is spreading in some areas.

In the context of the complicated epidemic, the government of Matsuyama city, in the western country, decided to cancel the Tokyo Olympic torch relay ceremony. Tokyo Mayor Yuriko Koike has also pledged to effectively control the COVID-19 epidemic in the capital to ensure the upcoming Olympics take place safely. She emphasized that from now until May 11, it will be an important period to win the fight against the COVID-19 campaign before the Olympics takes place. According to statistics, Japan has recorded a total of over 513,000 infections and over 9,500 deaths due to COVID-19.

People wear masks to prevent COVID-19 epidemic in Seoul, Korea. Photo: AFP / VNA

South Korea is also facing the risk of appearing the 4th wave of infection when the number of new cases has exceeded 700 cases / day. Statistics of the Korea Agency for Disease Control and Prevention (KDCA) released on April 14 show that the country has 731 new cases, of which 714 cases of infection in the community – the highest level in the country. Last 3 months. The current epidemic situation in Korea is considered to be at a level that should be considered by the government to upgrade the social gap, but considered it a “last resort” due to careful consideration of economic losses. practice.

In Europe, the epidemic is still complicated, with Turkey recording the highest number of new infections and deaths in a day ever. In the past 24 hours, the country recorded 59,187 new infections, and 273 deaths. To stop the spread of the epidemic, President Tayyip Erdogan announced a number of new restrictions and “partially closed” the country during the first two weeks of Ramadan.

After the state of emergency in the Czech Republic ended on April 12, the Czech Government was cautious in relaxing measures to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic. Accordingly, the Czech government still imposes a ban on gatherings on 2 people both indoors and outdoors, while emphasizing the concerns of epidemiologists about the rapid relaxation of measures that could be reversed. the positive trend of disease prevention.

Meanwhile, after seeing a significant improvement in the epidemic situation in the Czech Republic, Germany said it would end long-term border controls with the Czech Republic, which had been in place since February 14. Instead, Germany will continue to implement quarantine measures through intensive random inspections in the German-Czech border area.

The Norwegian government has also allowed restaurants and bars to return to serve alcohol until 10 p.m. daily. The Nordic country also allows people to receive up to 5 guests to play at home at the same time – an increase of 3 compared to the previous regulation, while the stadium will be able to host 600 people, but must divided into 3 areas. These rules and recommendations will apply throughout Norway, but high-risk areas such as the capital Oslo and surrounding areas can maintain stricter measures if needed. .

The Swiss government has announced it will significantly loosen the restrictions despite the fact that the country’s disease situation remains highly precarious and has even worsened in recent weeks. Accordingly, from the beginning of next week, restaurants and bars in Switzerland, which have been closed since December, 2020, will be reopened, applicable to the outdoor area. Movie theaters and other entertainment facilities will also be reopened with indoor and outdoor sports facilities.

Also on April 14, diplomatic sources said that EU member states had unanimously agreed to officially implement the vaccine passport initiative to reopen the tourism industry in the summer. 2021. This is part of an effort to restore to a new normal state while the COVID-19 epidemic is still spreading. Countries will discuss this initiative in detail with the European Parliament (EP) in May.

People wear masks to prevent the COVID-19 epidemic at El Alto-La Paz International Airport in Bolivia. Photo: AFP / VNA

In the Americas, the number of infections and deaths caused by the COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 virus increased sharply in some South American countries such as Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil. The Bolivian government announced the opening of a humanitarian corridor on the border with neighboring Brazil to facilitate the circulation of food and medicine. Bolivia closed its border with Brazil since April 2, to prevent the spread of a new variant of the SARS-CoV-2 virus that causes COVID-19 from neighboring countries.

Regarding the COVID-19 vaccine issue, US officials announced that the vaccination program is being accelerated with 3.3 million doses being injected per day. Meanwhile, the UK University of Oxford has decided to expand research in the combination use of COVID-19 vaccines to evaluate whether the combination of vaccines is safe and helps prolong immunity in humans. vaccinated or not.