(Photo: Internet) This is a journey of more than 11,402 km, with a train ticket costing over 1,200 Euros, equivalent to more than 33 million Vietnamese Dong. This cost may vary depending on the time and class of seats you choose on board. And of course, this journey of more than 11 thousand kilometers is not encapsulated by a train. You need to go from Vietnam to China, take the train from Beijing to Moscow (Russia), then get on another train across Europe and to Portugal. Total travel time is about 10 days, including time zone changes. (Photo: Internet) Specific route (refer to rail.cc): – Ho Chi Minh City (Vietnam) to Hanoi (Vietnam) – Hanoi (Vietnam) to Beijing (China) – Beijing (China) to Moscow (Russia) – there are two options: 1. Mongolian Route: The route leads through the Gobi desert and Ulaanbaatar with a length of 7,620 km. This train is provided by China National Railway. 2. Manchuria Line: The route leads through Harbin and does not cross Mongolia with a length of 8,980 km. This train is provided by Russian state railways. – Moscow (Russia) to Paris (France): Trains from Moscow to Paris serve once a week by night train RZD. Journey time is 40 hours. – Paris (France) to Hendaye (France) – Hendaye (France) to Lisbon (Portugal) (Photo: Internet) Unlike plane trips, traveling by train offers breathtaking vistas of towering mountains, sprawling fields, glistening rivers, and the ever-changing light of day and night. customary. The train that cuts through Mongolia opens up a sweeping view of Siberia’s natural landscape – endless birch trees, glorious hills, picturesque wooden houses. On top of that, visitors will get to see firsthand the beautiful sand dunes of the Gobi Desert. Or if you’re lucky, you might even spot gazelles, camels, snow leopards, brown bears and even wolves in the wild. (Photo: Internet) (Photo: Internet) The journey from Moscow to Paris is a great opportunity to see Europe in a wonderful way as the train passes through 5 countries: Russia, Belarus, Poland, Germany and France. While not the fastest way to travel between these two magnificent capitals, the train from Moscow to Paris is certainly a spectacular one. You’ll spend a day and a half on a modern and comfortable night train, enjoying the stunning landscapes and cities on your way through Europe. (Photo: Internet) (Photo: Internet) Although it takes a lot of time and very few tourists have tried and dare to try this trip, once experienced, it will become an unforgettable memory of youth. Until the day the pandemic passes, the world has returned to safe for travel, this will certainly be an interesting challenge for those who love to travel.

Polar bear, one of the animals facing extinction due to the impact of climate change (Artwork: kinhtemoitruong.vn)

Climate change, if left unchecked, could destroy natural treasures in “biodiversity hotspots” around the world, scientists warn.

A global team of scientists has analyzed nearly 300 biodiversity hotspots on land and at sea. These are locations with a particularly high concentration of plant and animal species. Many of these hotspots include ‘endemic’ species, inhabiting only a single geographical location, such as an island or a country.

They found that if the planet heats above 3 ° C, one-third of the endemic species that live on land and about half of the endemic species living in the sea will face extinction. In mountainous regions, 84% of endemic animals and plants face extinction at these temperatures, while on islands it reaches 100%. Overall, 92% of terrestrial endemic and 95% marine endemic species face negative consequences at a 3 ° C increase, such as a reduction in numbers. Current policies are moving the world in this direction of about 3 ° C warming.

Among endemic species, there are some of the world’s most iconic animals and plants. Endemic species threatened by climate change include all lemurs that only exist in Madagascar; the blue crane – which is the national bird of South Africa; and the snow leopard, one of the most unique animals of the Himalayas.

Research shows that compared to widely available species, endemic species are 2.7 times more likely to become extinct if the temperature rise is not controlled. Since they are only found in a certain place, and if climate change changes their separate habitats, these species will inevitably disappear from the Earth’s surface. If greenhouse gas emissions continue to increase, places like the Caribbean islands, Madagascar and Sri Lanka may see most of their endemic plant species go extinct as soon as 2050. The tropics It is particularly vulnerable, with more than 60% of tropical endemic species facing extinction under the effects of climate change alone.

But everything is not necessarily over. If countries cut their emissions in line with the Paris Agreement then most of these endemic species will persist. In total, 2% of endemic soil species and 2% of endemic marine species face extinction if the temperature rises to 1.5ºC, and 4% at 2ºC. Strong commitments from global leaders ahead of the Glasgow climate change summit later this year could put the world on track to meet the Paris Agreement, and avoid the risk of treasures. The world’s most precious nature was destroyed on a large scale.

“Climate change threatens areas that are so rich in unique species of organisms,” said Stella Manes, study lead author and researcher at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. Found anywhere else in the world. The risk of permanently disappearing these species will increase more than 10 times if we miss out on the goals of the Paris Agreement. Biodiversity has more value than just seeing. The higher the species diversity, the better the health of nature, while also protecting against threats such as climate change. Healthy nature will provide indispensable sources of life for humans, such as water, food and materials, protect us from natural disasters, provide value for recreational relaxation and cultural connectivity, and morale.”

“Our research shows that a one-color and possibly very boring world awaits them,” said Wolfgang Kiessling, a marine expert from Friedrich-Alexander Erlangen- Nürnberg University and author of the study. We are ahead due to climate change. Organisms will benefit, while native species that contribute to the distinctive look of hot spots will disappear. ”

“This study found that species are geographically rare, especially those that live,” said Mark Costello, a marine expert from the University of Nord and the University of Auckland and author of the study. on islands and mountains, which are already in danger of extinction due to current climate change, these species cannot easily migrate to more favorable environments by their natural characteristics. that 20% of all species will be threatened with extinction by climate change in the coming decades, unless we act now. ”

According to Shobha S. Maharaj, an island expert from the Caribbean Journal of Environmental Science and Renewable Energy, and author of the study: “This study shows the relative risk of extinction due to climate change. with rare species living in the island area, it is 8 times higher than that in the mainland. The geographic rarity of these species makes them of global value to nature. Such species cannot easily migrate to more favorable environments and their end to extinction could lead to a global decline in disproportionate species.

The pangolin is the only animal, also the only mammal to have a protective keratinous layer on the skin. As solitary creatures, their diet consists mainly of ants and termites, and they use their long tongue to capture prey.

Mammals have long been threatened by poaching for their flesh and scales, intended for use in traditional Chinese medicine. As of January 2020, eight pangolin species have been listed as Critically Endangered, Endangered, or Endangered on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Today, pangolin is still the most trafficked mammal in the world.

Hills of sea turtle prey

Named for its curved, sharp beak with a prominent tomium, this sea turtle lives in the ocean, but mostly inhabits shallow lagoons and coral reefs.

Although distributed around the world, tortoise sea turtles are critically endangered. For many decades, its shell has been the source of raw materials used for decorative purposes. Illegal fishing activities have contributed to the alarming decline of this species.

Gorilla

Native to Malaysia and Indonesia, orangutans are one of the most intelligent primates, also the largest tree-dwelling animal of the great ape.

Human activities have dramatically reduced the number and range of orangutans. It’s no surprise that all three species of orangutans – Bornean, Sumatra and Tapanuli – are critically endangered according to the IUCN Red List.

Rhino

The name rhino is derived from the Greek word “hinokerōs”, meaning “with horns in the nose”. Often abbreviated as rhino, two of the remaining species are native to Africa and three are in southern Asia.

Poachers often cut the carcasses of this species, mammals also slaughtered thousands for their horns, bought and sold on the black market, and used by some cultures as jewelry. intellectual or traditional medicine. The IUCN Red List identifies the Black, Javanese and Sumatran rhinos as Critically Endangered.

Saiga’s gazelle

Found only in one region of Russia and 3 regions of Kazakhstan, the saigas form very large swarms of herbivores on the peninsula, savannas and meadows. Their outstanding feature is the pair of nostrils that expand close together, facing downwards.

The horns of the male antelope are used in traditional Chinese medicine, and this need has wiped out the species in China. According to the Convention on Migratory Wilds, the decline of the saiga is one of the fastest recent population collapses of large mammals. Currently, this animal is still critically endangered.

Tigers

The tiger is the largest extant cat and one of the most popular and recognized animals in the world. It is the national animal of India, Bangladesh, Malaysia and Korea.

Listed in the IUCN Red List as Endangered, tigers have been trafficked for hair and body parts for centuries. Many people in China and other parts of Asia believe that different parts of the tiger have medicinal properties, including pain relievers and aphrodisiacs. This falsehood has caused the black market to thrive for many years, and the number of tigers has dropped worryingly.

Elephant

These gentle giants are the largest land animals available, and are scattered throughout Africa, sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Southeast Asia.

One of the biggest threats to elephant populations is the ivory trade, since they are poached for their tusks. It is estimated that 30,000 elephants are killed each year by poachers. IUCN lists African Elephants as Endangered and Asian Elephants as Endangered.

Sumatran gazelle

This little-known antelope is native to mountainous forests on the Thai-Malay peninsula and on the Indonesian island of Sumatra. Despite its near inaccessible altitude habitat, this timid and elusive creature is frequently caught in the sights of poachers’ rifles, shot for their flesh and parts. The body is said to have their medicinal properties. The IUCN has rated the Sumatran markhor as Endangered.

Hong Hoang has a hat

As a large and impressive member of the cormorant family, the cormorant is named after its helmet-like structure, accounting for about 11% of its 3 kg body weight. This bird is native to Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand and Myanmar.

The cephalopod was included on the IUCN Red List Near Threatened Critically in 2015. According to data published by TRAFFIC, Wildlife Trade Monitoring Network, 2,170 animals were confiscated in just three years in China and Indonesia alone.

Gaur

Gaur, also known as the Indian bison, is native to South and Southeast Asia, mainly confined to evergreen or semi-evergreen and semi-evergreen deciduous forests. Gaur is hunted mercilessly by poachers for the purpose of meat, sold at high prices to satisfy international markets, gaurs are also slaughtered to trade in booty. This animal has been listed as Endangered in the IUCN Red List since 1986.

Macaws

Macaws are some of the most vivid wildlife on Earth native to Central and South America, and are also found in Mexico, most of which are associated with forests, especially rainforests.

Their ability to mimic voices and possess great intelligence has made parrots highly regarded as pets. This has led to a worrying increase in poaching to the point that some species face extinction. In fact, most parakeets are threatened in the wild, a fact underscored by the rapid rate of deforestation around the world.

Snow leopard

A large-looking cat that calls the mountains of Central and South Asia home, the snow leopard is perfectly adapted to live in the cold. Unfortunately, the beautiful snow leopard’s fur is extremely appealing to poachers, who are involved in the illegal trade of animal skin and body parts. Snow leopards are listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List because the global population is now estimated to be less than 10,000 adults and is expected to decline by about 10% by 2040.

Shark

There are more than 500 species of sharks swimming in the world’s oceans. Famous species such as the tiger shark, the blue shark, the great white shark, the mako shark, the banging shark and the hammerhead shark are the ultimate predators.

However, sharks must fear humans more than humans are afraid of sharks. In fact, many shark populations are threatened by human activities, with some being hunted for their fins (used in soups). According to Oceana, 73 million terrifying sharks end the global fin trade each year, traded for food.

Birds of prey

Birds of prey, also known as raptors, include eagles, hawks, kites, hawks, owls and falconry. Among the animal kingdom’s top predators, these birds are also some of the most powerful and agile wildlife in the world.

But because of their speed and agility, some species become prey for poachers due to their exceptional hunting ability. The International Association for falconry and bird conservation identifies poaching of rare species, such as the extent of the Bonelli eagle plunder crisis (pictured) in Southern Europe by criminal organizations, as The reason may cause many species to become locally extinct.

Abalone

Abalone is a species of sea snail with the number of species recognized worldwide ranging from 30 to 130. Abalone meat is considered by many to be a desirable food, and is eaten raw or cooked. by many cultures. In the photo is an example with a living sponge on its shell.

According to TRAFFIC, South African abalone is the most exported species in aquaculture anywhere in the world. 95% of South Africa’s abalone is exported to Hong Kong, where it is consumed as a delicacy or re-exported.

According to Stars Insider