Apollo not only has yet to answer the questions posed, but also raises more questions about what the true origin of the Moon is. The moon has UFOs, the moon is empty, the moon is an artificial object of an advanced civilization?… All questions are still unknown. Over the decades, the outcome of the 1969 American Apollo 11 successful landing on the Moon has always been a mystery and very unpredictable. On January 3, 2019, the Chinese lunar probe Chang’e 4 (Hang’e 4, Chang’e-4) successfully landed in the Von Karman crater on the back of the Moon, open hope to solve the mysteries about this place. Has Russia 4 discovered aliens on the Moon? The original image from the moon was sent back to Earth by the Chang’e 4 probe. (Photo: Sohu) Initially, the pictures of the Moon from the Chang’e 4 probe published by Chinese scientists were very normal, there did not seem to be any signs of aliens and UFOs on the Moon. This has almost caused disappointment in the world of space science. However, recently Thuong Nga 4 sent back to Earth an unusual phenomenon that is expected to happen on Saturday (June 26, 2021). About 430 meters from the ship’s landing area, a pyramid-shaped stone block appeared, standing out among the surrounding sand and dust. The strange rock mass was discovered by the probe, raising suspicions about aliens. (Photo: Sohu) According to previous studies, due to the impact of the solar wind on the surface of the Moon for a long time, combined with the large difference in temperature between day and night, almost all the rocks on the Moon all become dust. Can we conclude the existence of aliens on the Moon based on the unusual discovery of this rock? Chinese scientists have yet to come to an exact conclusion. They need more observational information and close analysis from the Chang’e 4 probe before they can make a final statement. Thuong Nga 4 conducts close-up photography of the rock mass. (Photo: Sohu) Through the process of approaching the object and sending information from the ship to Earth, scientists make preliminary comments, they believe that this phenomenon is unusual, but certainly not caused by aliens. out. Most likely, this is the underground structure of the solar wind weathering phenomenon and the temperature difference between day and night. Over time, it grew stronger and took on a new form that appeared as it is now. Before that, Thuong Nga 4 had many times discovered an anomalous phenomenon on the Moon, but all of them were deciphered by Chinese scientists with no relation to aliens. Once, Chang’e 4 discovered that the difference in gravity under the Von Karman crater on the back was larger than the rest of the Moon, but later discovered that it was just the result of gravity changes. caused by the nickel-iron compound sinking in the Von Karman crater, not the sign of aliens. Another time, Chang’e 4 found some special material structures in the Von Karman crater. The interconnected structures form a sticky mass and look slightly shiny. Based on this, many people suspect that there are creatures on the Moon and the liquid they release will bind the lunar soil together. After Thuong Nga 4 conducted close-ups, then sent the photos back to Earth for research. Chinese scientists have come to the final conclusion that this gel-like object is actually created by a thermal layer that, if we look at it from above, will look like a liquid coating on the surface of the Moon and also completely devoid of any signs of life. This is also the reason for us to believe that the rock that Thuong Nga 4 discovered this time was only formed naturally under the impact of weathering for hundreds of millions of years of the Moon, and then one day it will also be destroyed. will return to dust. Reference: Sohu

Illustration: internet. I want to take you to the end of the horizon To see the northernmost sunset The whole sky is glittering with luminous Strips of light whirling in motion Colorful clouds shimmering The harmony between the great heaven and earth Super fast solar wind full of particles Interaction with magnetic disturbances Made the planetary dance vũ With all the colors of the universe Energy fills the fanciful space The shimmering light of burning desire Let me get drunk in the chorus of love Big bang, groan or song of life “Dawn Chorus” praises angels O Valkyries* beautiful virgins Are brave and resilient warriors Riding a war horse with a spear in hand, wearing armor giáp Rushing to the battlefield before the enemy The iron armor glowed with light Bright colors fill the whole space Radiant, great aura shines brightly Radiant in the northern sky Created the magic of the Northern Lights Here I come again beautiful Rovaniemi The snow is falling white on the mountains To enjoy the winter days Christmas about Santa Claus hometown Gentle and funny Santa Claus On a sleigh full of presents Going to every village to share with children Bring everyone (home) happiness and love There are white nights when we are happy together What light silvers the space? Here the sun never sets The night is cold and windy at night The whiter the night (Let the snow fall) I love many emotions I stayed awake with you all night. * (Norwegian mythology)

First hunting trip One winter day at the end of February. Around 11 o’clock at night, my father and I eagerly drove to the northern suburbs of Calgary – Canada with the expectation of seeing a colorful moving Northern Lights. Northern Lights), aka Aurora Borealis, in a clear cloudless sky. We had never seen them in our lives, and the information about their occurrence was contained in a news report released by the weather agency, with a prediction accuracy of 35%. However, for astronomy lovers, photographers living in this country of maple leaves know that, thanks to its location in the sub-Arctic region, with less light pollution, Canada has become one of the most beautiful places in the world. The most powerful and beautiful aurora active spot in the world. In particular, towns in the Northern Territory of Canada such as Yellowknife, Whitehorse, Iqaluit, … are the places where the aurora occurs most often. Therefore, it is not surprising that most tour operators here exploit this type of aurora viewing, with an attractive offer: visitors have a 90% chance of seeing this amazing phenomenon. Moreover, during the winter, from October to April next year, when Aurora often occurs, the whole North America region in general with the provinces of Alberta, British Columbia, Saskatchewan,… and the northwestern provinces of Canada in particular. also “follow” observing this masterpiece of art from this universe. Results of the first trip to hunt the first aurora in February 2021. Photo of Tran The Dung Turning onto the dirt road through the snow-covered meadows and the quiet scattered farms in the middle of the night, from the car, we looked up at the sky. There was no sign of anything out of the ordinary except for thousands of twinkling stars floating around. Going a little further, we discovered a faint cloud to the northwest and it seemed to be iridescent, flashing light and dark. Had to turn back and find a way to run right there to see clearly. Still not seeing the cloud glow green – a common signal when the aurora appears that many “Aurora hunters” talk about, but hunch plus unusual strange points around the clouds make them I believe this is the aurora. Even though it’s minus 20 degrees Celsius outside at the moment, we decided to take the camera out to shoot with exposure techniques, as the camera gathers light longer than the human eye. The result is stunning: a pair of ribbons of blue light against a starry sky appear on the camera monitor. The first Aurora hunting trip, with our own efforts, we discovered and captured “her”, although not gorgeous and magical, but also inspired us to continue to learn and accept. many useful experiences. The secret to finding “her” Aurora activity is monitored by spacecraft, and all data on their activity levels are converted to Kp readings, which range from 0 to 9. The higher the Kp number, the more likely it is to have an aurora. the larger the optical. Aurora appeared during a hunting trip in March 2021. Photo of Tran The Dung From Kp 5 and above, scientists warn that they are geomagnetic storms, or solar wind storms, because they can cause problems for radio stations, the national power grid, etc. However, with the Astronomy enthusiasts, photographers, this intensity ignited the hope of experiencing the most intense movement of light. However, that chance is only 50%, the rest is the weather factor. Must be clear sky, clear clouds. The intensity and duration of Aurora is as strong as a weather forecaster, but the risk is that they are hidden when they appear, sometimes dim, and sometimes appear like a red-haired teenage girl. On nights when the aurora is forecast to appear, with a level of Kp 5 or higher, they can stretch for thousands of kilometers, so it is likely to see “her” almost anywhere in Alberta, as long as at midnight when it is darkest and not polluted by light from urban areas, residential areas, full moon. Dispersion of artificial light or moonlight will interfere with tracking, reduce the ability to display the colors of the aurora, even when taking pictures will give inaccurate results. If you have no experience, it is better to go to the northern countryside, find the quiet country roads, the darkness is thick. Alternatively, consult the map of Aurora hunting spots on the Alberta Aurora Hunters Association website. However, the above tips to help people easily access the “Northern lights”, but no one is sure when it will appear, because this is a phenomenon of solar wind, beyond human control. Even forecast bulletins only give an accuracy of 35-50%, not to mention at the last minute it increases or decreases in level or disappears. Aurora appeared during the fifth hunting trip in April 2021. The author uses the Time-lapse technique to take over 200 photos and then combine them into a short clip of just a few tens of seconds to see the movement and splendid colors of the aurora. Photo of Tran The Dung Pursue to the end After the first trip, we continued to pursue three more times, but only once captured the “dancing girl” in a very short time. Our perseverance and perseverance are finally rewarded. It was near midnight on the last day of April, the weather in Alberta was beginning to spring, and it was also the end of the northern aurora hunting season in Canada. On a remote road in the city of Airdrie, more than 50km from home, Do Thanh and I – a Vietnamese photographer living in Calgary – drove to find a suitable location, prepare the hunt after receiving information. tonight aurora will appear with KP level 6 and many positive signs. We seem to be late because at this hour, every corner of the Airdrie farm area is parked with aurora enthusiasts’ cars. Not to mention, the car ran back and forth, rushing to find a place like going to watch hockey. There is indeed folly in chasing after something in the sky. In the end, we found a dilapidated old warehouse in the middle of nowhere to serve as the foreground for upcoming photos. As time went by, we still sat with our eyes wide and waited, forgetting the cold of minus 6 degrees Celsius. Occasionally, I headed to the north or northwest to take pictures to check the change of the sky showing blue colors. gem. Suddenly, wow, it showed up! Magnificent aurora lights appear in the province of Alberta – Canada. Do Thanh’s photo We both exclaimed as we saw the sky begin to sparkle before erupting in the shape of a bow and changing color continuously from yellow, green, blue to purple. Then “boom”, they move violently, sometimes dancing and undulating, sometimes shooting into the sky like fireworks. Imagine if there was a symphony orchestra at this time, this place would turn into a stage filled with splendid and magical light with many levels. We were hypnotized by them, confused, fumbling with our hands and feet, and then quickly switched to Time-lapse shooting (automatically taking multiple photos with equal exposure) to catch the changes of the aurora and make videos when needed, although shooting this type of photography will reduce the life of the camera. Returning home at more than 3am, we were both hungry and quite tired but our emotions were still high. Asked if he would go again next time, photographer Do Thanh shared: “Hunting aurora is similar to fishing, in addition to helping anglers practice patience and temper, it is necessary to observe, brainstorm to find understand prey; Once you’ve caught a fish, you’ll want to catch a bigger fish next time.” According to Roman mythology, Aurora was the name of the dawn goddess who traveled from east to west to announce the arrival of the sun, but in astronomy, Aurora means aurora – a strange optical phenomenon. Animals appear in the night sky in places located near the North and South poles of the Earth. They are produced by a stream of plasma particles from the solar wind entering the earth’s atmosphere and interacting with molecules, nitrogen and oxygen atoms and stimulating these molecules to emit light (Aurora) of all colors. color: cyan, blue, pink, red and purple with clicking or squeaking sound. Usually the aurora rays are bright at an altitude of 100 km and cover the vast sky. Tran The Dung (Ho Chi Minh City Young Generation Travel Company)

Many countries around the world are silently deploying plans to exploit Helium-3 from the Moon. Photo: Johnson Search Group Why does America want to return to the Moon after almost half a century? Why does China’s Hang Nga ship collect land on the Moon? Why Russia shook hands with China to build a Moon research station? And why has the Moon become the indispensable spot of great powers? Some say that it is to satisfy human curiosity, there are also opinions that it is to demonstrate the power of space science and technology of a nation. All is speculation, but the most important reason can be said that the Moon itself is an invaluable natural mine. As humanity is facing an energy crisis, governments around the world are looking for alternative sources of energy. High-tech companies have been exploiting non-fossil energy sources from the wind, the sun and the waves full of rivers. But that is not enough. Many countries have begun to look for new sources of energy outside the Earth. During resource exploration on the Moon, Chinese experts have discovered that there are more than 100 types of mineral resources on the Moon, not only have dozens of essential energy sources for the Earth, but also one The perfect energy source – Helium-3. Rare gas resources on the Moon. Photo: Sohu Scientists have found radioactive substances such as helium in soil on the Moon. After further analysis and determination, they found a large amount of Helium-3. Helium-3 is a valuable fuel source, because it can generate extremely high heat through fusion fusion without emitting almost no harmful radioactive neutrons. As such, fourth generation nuclear weapons using pure Helium-3 will generate little or no radioactive dust. Why does the Moon have so much Helium-3? During internal nuclear fusion, the Sun will generate a large amount of Helium-3, and Helium-3 will fall on surrounding planets after being blown by the solar wind. Because the Earth’s surface is covered by a thick atmosphere, the solar wind cannot reach the Earth’s surface, so the natural reserve of Helium-3 on Earth is very low. The Moon has almost no atmosphere, so the solar wind can directly reach the surface of the Moon, and a large amount of Helium-3 will be deposited on the surface of the Moon. The amount of Helium-3 on Earth is very small and Chinese scientists estimate that the reserve on Earth is only about 500 kg, difficult to meet the needs of mankind. The soil on the lunar surface contains at least 1 million tons of Helium-3, 2 million times more than the Earth. Experts calculated that 100 tons of Helium-3 could meet the world’s electricity generation needs in one year, and 1 million tons would be enough for 10,000 years! If Helium-3 in lunar soil could be developed and used, the construction of a nuclear power plant on the Moon could be done on the spot. But it’s not easy to separate Helium-3 from the Moon. First, it is necessary to heat the lunar soil to more than 700 degrees C to separate Helium-3. However, there is no oxygen on the Moon and is very difficult to burn. Moreover, to extract Helium-3, it must be based on the Moon, so far no country can do it. Since Helium-3 has significant energy and reserves advantages, the future Moon is more likely to become the “Persian Gulf” energy that major powers compete in the new century. In December 2020, the Chinese ship Hang Nga 5 returned safely after a mission to explore the Moon, bringing about 2kg of rock and soil from this planet to Earth. Under former President Trump, the 2020 NASA budget allocation plan shows that Washington wants to send people to the moon again before 2028. Former US Vice President Mike Pence also declared the United States to be the first power. first put a man on the moon in the 21st century. From unmanned exploration to manned landing on the Moon, and setting up lunar bases, China and the Western nations have consumed countless manpower and materials to not only satisfy scientific achievement. Behind that is endless resource ambition.

The first mission, the Luna 25, is scheduled to depart in October this year with the first trip to the South Pole (on the Moon), where Russian scientists will study water vein under the thick ice. “In the next decade, the Moon will be the focus of our program,” said Lev Zelenyi, scientific advisor at the Russian Federal Institute of Space Research, during an online presentation by the Academy of Sciences. Country held on March 23. Luna 25 ship during assembly and testing before launching to the Moon. Photo: Roscosmos. Many companies in Russia have begun to sketch lunar exploration programs. Meanwhile, the US is aiming to probe humans with the Artemis program, combined with robots to carry out missions on the Moon. In December, China transported the first new lunar soil sample to Earth in a series of ongoing missions called Chang’an. India and Israel promise to launch the next ship to the moon after two successful landings in 2019 (the Chandrayaan-2 and Beresheet). However, only the United States can match Russia’s space heritage on the Moon. The Putin administration is getting back to the space race by continuing a series of missions called Luna, following the tail numbers from the Luna 24 they stopped in 1976. “We want to show our steadfastness,” said Mr. Zelenyi. According to the Space , the Luna 25 is designed to study the permafrost beneath the lunar surface. Explorers hope to exploit them as a resource and gauge the danger posed by sharp pieces of moon dust. Upon landing, the ship will use cameras made by Europe to enhance the European Space Agency’s future lunar missions. Mr. Zelenyi emphasized, Luna 25 is just the beginning, the landfall on the Moon consists of a total of 5 missions with many stages being planned. The first Lunokhod-1 rover to operate on another planet. Photo: Wikipedia. In 2023 or 2024, Russia plans to launch the Luna 26 rocket, this time an orbital ship that searches for magnetic and gravitational anomalies on the Moon and captures highly accurate images of the locations. potential landing. Next, in 2025, along with the ship Luna 27, Russia will continue to return to the Moon. According to Mr. Zelenyi, this is the most important time. As the lander this year, Luna 27 will target the Antarctic and carry European landing software. Additionally, Luna 27 will be supported by a robot from the European Space Agency, which includes a drill that collects rock on the Antarctic Moon without melting compounds such as water ice found in the material. The lander will also carry a set of tools designed to study the solar wind. The solar wind is a stream of charged particles released from the sun’s upper atmosphere and traversing the solar system, affecting the Moon’s surface. The last two missions in the Luna mission series were told by Mr. Zelenyi that the launch date is not yet set. However, the Luna 28, also known as the Luna-Grunt, will be built directly aboard the ship before it to bring back to Earth frozen stored samples taken from the south pole of the Moon. Freezing the samples helps to retain water and other volatile compounds. “The specimens will be brought back, but different from those that have been brought back to earth before,” said Mr. Zelenyi. According to him, the specimen would be not only the topsoil (on the Moon) but all the volatiles and frozen impurities. This is the technical challenge. Eventually, mission Luna 29 will carry the new Lunokhod rover, continuing to merge with Soviet missions. In 1970, the Lunokhod-1 was the first rover to successfully operate on another planet. The car spent 10 months exploring the area known as the Mare Imbrium or Rainy Sea.