Why are airplane windows oval? In the early 1950s, the world’s first commercial jet was developed and manufactured by De Havilland. This is considered the miracle of the aviation industry. However, after a year of use, the plane fell to pieces right in the sky and within a few months, two more suffered the same fate. Engineers scrutinized the plane’s screws and discovered that the main cause was the square window. With this design, the pressure is higher at the door corners and increases significantly in flight. So the engineers decided to replace it with round or oval windows. Why do airplanes have curved wing tips? During a flight, the pressure on top of the wing is lower than the pressure under the wing. Air tends to shift from high pressure below the wing to low pressure above and around the wing tips. In the past, the wing tips were designed to be straight, causing the airflow to cause serious turbulence. Therefore, the scientists decided to bend the wing tip upwards to reduce turbulence, prolong the durability of the wing and save a lot of fuel during travel. Thanks to this feature, everyone will feel more comfortable during the flight. Why do airplane noses have different shapes? The nose of a military aircraft is pointed, the sharper the nose, the faster it flies. However, if the nose is too long, the pilot cannot see the runway correctly, which is why civil aircraft have round noses. Russian engineers solved this problem in the 1960s. The fastest passenger jet could tilt its nose. During takeoff and landing, the aircraft tilts its nose down and during flight the nose will be brought back to its original position. This strange design is intended to help pilots see the runway better. Why are airplanes painted white? Airplanes are almost always painted white. There are several reasons to explain this problem: Heat Reflection: A plane painted white will accumulate less heat. This is better for passengers and economically beneficial for airlines.
White paint is cheaper than other paints.
Prevent bird collisions: Birds can see reflections from white surfaces better, reducing the risk of collisions with aircraft.
White paint helps reveal small cracks and dents: The paint makes cracks easier to see, identifies problems early, avoids accidents, and makes damage easier to see. Why is the exit on the left? Not all but most aircraft have the main entrance on the left side. There is an explanation: The right side is for luggage (the cargo hatch is also on the right) so it is not safe for passengers.
Some say it’s an old tradition: The train ramp is always on the left.
The aircraft door is installed on the left side, which allows them to park the plane in the passenger area better and move more easily. Why are some planes oddly shaped? You must have heard of stealth aircraft. It has an odd shape to avoid detection by radar, sonar, infrared and other detection means, and to be able to carry more luggage with less fuel consumption. The shape of the plane is inspired by birds. Birds of prey use that shape to increase their range and be less visible. However, these aircraft are often too expensive to be used in civil aviation. How do airplanes look spacious? The designers use a number of tricks to make the plane look taller and more spacious than it actually is. For example, the walls have certain shapes to reflect light correctly. The illumination between the ceiling and the overhead bin makes the ceiling visually taller. Thanks to these tips, people with plane phobia will feel more comfortable. Why don’t pilots have beards? Some airlines ban pilots from growing beards. This is explained that, the beard can cause the oxygen mask to not fit tightly to the pilot’s face and work properly in an emergency situation. In particular, in that case, the pilots must always be alert to save the lives of passengers on the plane.

According to experts, Kazan is a fully domestically built submarine and is superior to foreign nuclear-powered ships in terms of technical characteristics. In the future, submarines can receive the modern Zircon hypersonic missile complex. Technically completely new project In recent years, the Kazan nuclear submarine has passed tests in the White Sea, and achieved the published technical indicators. In particular, the crew conducted submarine warfare tests at positions on the water surface and underwater, measured technical parameters, in which the noise level when moving underwater and the attack weapon system. . The Kazan nuclear submarine officially entered service with the Russian Navy. The Kazan nuclear submarine was built in 2009, but the time of delivery to the Russian Navy has been delayed several times. In response to RT.ru, Editor-in-Chief of the Defense Journal Igor Korotchenko explained that the delay was due to the need to test a large number of new technical solutions integrated into the project 885M nuclear submarine. According to experts, the construction and testing of a lead submarine of an improved or new project is always a long process and goes through many complicated stages. In addition, for the domestic shipbuilding industry and the Russian Ministry of Defense, the improvement of nuclear-powered submarines is to a state that allows the performance of effective combat missions on a large scale of the oceans. Positive is an urgent priority today. Meanwhile, the founder of the Russian military information site Dmitry Kornev said that delaying the commissioning of the Kazan submarine is completely reasonable. He explained the difficulties caused by a large amount of research and development work, along with the establishment of a large-scale industrial co-production system. “The Yasen-class nuclear submarine is a completely new and technically challenging project for our industry. The real partnership mechanism was created from the very beginning, with hundreds of businesses from many different industries. It took a lot of time to find contractors and fine-tune the delivery mechanism. Russia has also abandoned the use of imported components,” said expert Kornev. 4th generation nuclear submarine Kazan is a lead nuclear submarine of the fourth generation of project 885M (Yasen class), developed by the Malakhit Marine Design Bureau (Saint Petersburg). The construction of this nuclear submarine is carried out at the facilities of JSC PO Sevmash (Severodvinsk). The Kazan Multi-Purpose Nuclear Submarine is designed to destroy enemy surface ships, submarines, transport vehicles and ground targets. The submarine is equipped with eight vertical launch tubes, salvo-type launchers for Kalibr and Onyx high-precision cruise missiles, with ranges of up to 1,500 and 300 km. The Kazan nuclear submarine was developed by the Malakhit Marine Design Bureau. According to the developer, these weapons can engage highly protected, grouped targets, including those equipped with anti-missile defense systems. In addition, the attack weapon of the project 885/885M nuclear submarine is also equipped with 30 533 mm caliber torpedoes. The main operational characteristics of the Kazan and Yasen-class ships have not yet been revealed. However, according to experts, this modernized nuclear submarine is similar to the Project 885 Severodvinsk submarine, which entered service with the Northern Fleet in June 2014 in weight, size, and weapons. work, construction characteristics and speed. Analysts say the difference is mainly related to onboard equipment, including electronics and sonar equipment. The length of the Yasen-class submarine is about 139 m, the width is about 13 m, the draft is 10 m, the displacement is about 8,600 tons, underwater up to 13,800 tons. The ship is capable of independent operation for 100 days. The multi-purpose submarine can dive to a depth of 600 m and reach a speed of 57.4 km / h underwater. According to a report by the Malakhit Maritime Design Bureau, this project 885 nuclear submarine has a mixed architecture and structure with a sturdy double-hull structure, made of high-strength steel. Expert Dmitry Kornev explained that the engineers of the Malakhit Marine Design Bureau considered a two-hull scheme for the production of nuclear submarines. The two-body scheme is resistant to mechanical damage, but is more expensive and has a relatively high noise level. Accordingly, a reasonable solution was found at Yasen when the two hulls together covered the bow of the submarine and the structural elements near the launch pad, i.e. the parts that bear the greatest load. The hull of project 885/885M is divided by strong bulkheads into 8 compartments, including: main bridge, torpedo compartment, living quarters, electromechanical, missile, reactor, turbine and auxiliary compartment. aid. “To create optimal conditions for the operation of the hydroacoustic complex, the torpedo tubes were removed from the bow and placed at an angle to the center plane. A large diameter GAK (hydroacoustic complex) spherical antenna is located at the end of the bow,” the Malakhit Maritime Design Bureau report states. The quality of the sonar equipment plays an extremely important role in the performance of the assigned tasks of nuclear submarines in the vast range of the ocean. Yesen submarine hydroacoustic complex system is used to detect enemies, classify targets, find interference direction, measure ice thickness, detect mines and torpedoes, search for ice holes to fly up and launch. safe rocket. Also according to the developer, the main power unit of the project 885/885M nuclear submarines belongs to the new generation. It consists of a pressurized water reactor and a modular single-shaft steam turbine unit, with various mechanisms and redundancies, capable of reducing the acoustic parameters of the submarine. Another technical innovation in Yasen-class submarines is a rescue chamber designed to evacuate the entire crew. This equipment is improved by domestic experts, taking into account the experience of domestic and foreign submarine accidents and incidents. The main nuclear submarine of the Russian Navy According to the Russian Ministry of Defense, the project 885M submarines “will become an important part of the offensive power” of the Russian Navy and will be able to effectively operate as part of a strike group at any distance. any way compared to the base points. The crew of the project 885M Kazan nuclear submarine. Photo: Russian Ministry of Defense. “In the Yasen-M class nuclear submarine project, a number of technical solutions were used that were not previously used in domestic submarine construction. The basic components of the electronic weapon complexes, modernized equipment and rescue systems are exclusively Russian products,” the Russian military agency said. In the immediate future, the nuclear-powered submarines of Project 885M will become the main multi-purpose nuclear submarine of the Russian Navy. Currently, seven such submarines are under construction, including Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, Arkhangelsk, Perm, Ulyanovsk, Voronezh and Vladivostok. Experts expect that the construction and testing of these submarines will not take much time, as the verification of technical solutions and the building of cooperative relationships have been successfully completed during construction. Kazan nuclear submarine. “The official transfer of Kazan to the navy allows us to conclude that the main difficulties for the implementation of the plans for the Yasen-M project have been overcome. This is a modern, fully Russian nuclear submarine. It is superior to all existing nuclear submarines abroad in terms of overall capabilities”, emphasized expert Kornev. This expert believes that putting project 885M submarines into service will significantly improve the combat capabilities of the Russian Navy. Accordingly, in the future the Yasen-M nuclear submarine will receive Zircon hypersonic missiles in its arsenal. Currently, this weapon is still being tested. Expert Igor Korotchenko said that the appearance of nuclear-powered ships of project 885M will increase the offensive and defensive capabilities of the Russian Navy. Yasen-class submarines will significantly strengthen the position of the Russian Navy, allowing a more efficient and high-quality implementation of the assigned tasks. “With the introduction of new nuclear submarines, the Russian Navy will receive a significant increase in submarine nuclear deterrence,” concluded Korotchenko.

Industrial design students Minwook Paeng have just come up with a solution to make it easier to use your smartphone while on the road: the Third Eye robot eye. This is an eye-shaped robot that is fixed on the user’s forehead and detects obstacles in front of them when they use their smartphone on the road. This humorous device allows users to navigate while texting or surfing Instagram without worrying about being obstructed by real-world obstacles. This artificial eye has a translucent plastic shell, with internal components based on the open source electronic platform Arduino. It will be applied to your forehead with a thin gel pad. The device is integrated with a speaker and an accelerometer, which is a sensor commonly found on smartphones used to detect the orientation of the phone and automatically rotate the screen when necessary. The device is integrated with a speaker and an accelerometer, which is a sensor commonly found on smartphones used to detect the orientation of the phone and automatically rotate the screen when necessary. The accelerometer on the Third Eye detects when the user’s head is bent to open the plastic eyelid, revealing a sonar sensor. When detecting an obstacle ahead, the eye will emit a buzzing sound to signal the user. The use of mobile phones while crossing the street is increasing and affects public safety on the street. Even the city of Montclair in Southern California (USA) has introduced a law banning pedestrians from using phones or wearing headphones while walking across the street. First-time offenders will be warned, if they repeat the offense for the second time, they will be fined $100 (about 2.2 million VND), if they repeat the offense many times, the fine will be up to $500 (about 11 million VND). A scientific study has confirmed: people who use mobile phones will walk slower and even go sloppy. Due to paying attention to the phone screen so as not to type the wrong content or read the message correctly, the human observation ability will be narrowed, limiting the ability to detect obstacles and not avoid timely. As a result, accidents can happen whenever, for example, hitting other people or crashing into traffic. Please watch the video: Robot make in Vietnam knows how to do math. Source: VTV

Submarine sailors have a particularly unusual life for ordinary people to imagine. According to Business Insider, American submarine sailors are usually deployed underwater for three months. Those chosen must ensure not only the requirements of technical capacity but also a strong mentality to be able to live underwater for many months. The sailors’ first task after submarines submerged was to ensure there were no leaks on board. After the submarine completely submerged, sailors’ lives took place according to the 18-hour schedule, divided into 3 shifts, each 6-hour shift includes 1 sleep shift, 1 watch shift and 1 shift. recreational activities, relaxation. The rest of the day sailors spent on eating and drinking. Due to the enclosed space, lack of natural light, sailors have difficulty in sensing the passage of time. To them, the time on the submarine seemed to “freeze”. According to a sailor, they basically perceive the time of day according to the type of food they are eating. If they’re getting pancakes, you know it’s morning and if they have leftovers, they know it’s midnight. Sometimes there is not enough bed for sailors on a submarine. Therefore, there will be temporary beds placed in the torpedo room. An actual bed inside the submarine is often called amusing a “coffin” because the space is extremely cramped. Every space on the submarine is practically cramped. The hallway that only has 1 person to walk is no exception. Bathrooms are arranged on a minimum on the submarine. Sometimes 40 sailors have to share 1 bathroom. The shower should also be very small to save space for other important parts of the submarine. However, the kitchen area on a submarine has relative priority in terms of area. Fresh foods usually go away within a few weeks. The rest of the time, the sailors will eat canned or processed food. Without windows, sonar technology was the “eye and ear” of sailors. Although the submarine is cramped, it still has a gym to help the sailors stay in shape. After weeks of living inside the submarine, sailors may have the opportunity to swim, sunbathe, absorb some Vitamin D …

The Indonesian navy KRI Nanggala-402 went missing on Wednesday. Alex Widojo / Anadolu Agency / Getty Images The search for a missing Indonesian Navy submarine has been going on for days, and time is running out, hopes seem to have faded. “The submarines are designed to be hard to detect, this is a problem that can happen when one sinks,” said Bryan Clark, a former US Navy submarine officer. Submarines are built to penetrate enemy waters, engage and engage enemy navies, shoot at ground targets with cruise and ballistic missiles, and even deliver force. amount secretly entering enemy territory / territorial waters. Not all submarines can perform every task, but regardless of the mission and the ship’s capabilities, stealth is considered to be of primary importance. The KRI Nanggala-402 is a German-made diesel-electric attack submarine that is more than 40 years old. Due to the age of the submarine, it may lack the coating and stealth features of newer ships, even after being refurbished in 2012, giving search and rescue teams a bit of an edge. as they try to look for it, but other challenges will overwhelm any potential advantage. In the event of an emergency, the submarine can either trigger a “ping” device on the ship or send a buoy to monitor (if the Indonesian submarine has these systems and the systems are in operation as well. the submarine crew knew how to use them and did not lose their ability to act). A “ping” signaling device is extremely valuable because it allows search and rescue teams to use passive sonar to scan a larger ocean area with other tools. There is no indication that KRI Nanggala-402 is making a sound that would aid with the search. Mr. Clark, a defense expert at the US Hudson Institute, speculates that if the ship makes a sound, it may have been located. “If it makes a sound no matter what form it is, it will be much easier to find,” he said. Without a ping or other type of noise, search and rescue teams are limited to using active sonar, narrowing the scanning range and prolonging the time it takes to search for a site. field. While passive sonar involves listening to sounds coming from objects in the ocean, sonar actively emit pings and then listens for echoes from objects in the ocean. The Indonesian navy identified the submarine disappeared in the waters north of Bali island. Search teams soon noticed oil slicks in their search area, narrowing the scope of interest. In this common area, search units found an object with “strong magnetic resonance” that could be emitted from the missing submarine. While these developments have significantly reduced the overall size of the search area, there is still a lot to consider. Indonesia has dozens of ships and aircraft, supported by international forces participating in the search. The Indonesian navy said the ship may have sunk at a depth of more than 600 meters, which would certainly complicate the search. Not only does that depth exceed the maximum depth of the ship, potentially putting the hull in danger of rupture, but it could also leave it out of the reach of existing recovery options. Finding things on the ocean floor is also quite difficult, Mr. Clark said. “Like we’ve seen with so many airline crashes, it’s hard to find something, even big, when it falls to the sea floor, because it’s mixed up in the mess down there,” he said. The ARA San Juan submarine of the Argentine navy went missing in 2017. It wasn’t until a year later that search teams found the ship, 44 crew members killed, on the ocean floor at a depth of about 1,000m. “If a diesel submarine as small as an Indonesian submarine sinks more than 600 meters, it is unlikely to survive,” Clark said.

The scene of the meeting of the Creative Youth Award Council in the Army with representatives from units of the Navy. Through the survey, the leaders, commanders, agencies, units and the Youth Union’s organization have been correctly aware of, clearly defined the purpose, meaning and role, and the creativity of youth. like TTST movement. In 2020, the Nguyen Phan Vinh Award and the TTST Award in the Army will continue to be widely propagated in units and groups in the Military Service. The institutions of the delegation organized, thoroughly grasped, studied and studied systematically the Regulation on operation of the Prize; at the same time build a serious implementation plan. As of December 2020, there were 90 works documents (topics, initiatives) of the units participating in the Nguyen Phan Vinh Prize. Prize Council Nguyen Phan Vinh has selected 34 quality projects to participate in the 21th Military TT Award. These works have been basically applied in practice, bringing efficiency in implementation. training duties, SSC of the unit. Before that, the youth of the Army had 34 works participating in the 20th Army’s TTST Award and won 1 First prize, 3 Second prizes, 4 Third prizes and 8 Consolation prizes. Most of the projects that won the first, second, and third awards in the 20th Army have been applied in practice, bringing efficiency in training and SSC of the unit. Typically, the project “The Torpedo Complex … shooting practice and the test machine system for general inspection training” has been effectively applied in the technical assurance practice at the Technical Assurance Center. Military Region 2. The project “Integrated controller … for the bomb launcher on a microcontroller-based embedded system …” is currently serving the task of teaching, learning and simulation training at the Naval Academy. The project “Simulation of structure, transceiver principle and operating modes of sonar …” has been deployed to all maritime departments of the naval regions serving ships on sea missions. effective. The project “Designing and manufacturing frequency gauges … on the Torpedo line …” has been and is being used practically in repairing and on ships on sea duty in Navy Zone 1 … The author’s representative of the Navy Military Service reports the results of the research work. At the meeting, the Delegation of the Army’s TTI Award Council heard the report on research results and practical application of a number of works of the youth of the Army participating in the 21st Army’s TTI Award. The mission recognized and received comments and suggestions to improve the quality of the TTST Award activities in the Army; at the same time, suggesting to open up a number of contents and solutions to promote eco-market activities in units in the entire Navy.

NW 2501 before the disaster and Captain Lind.

1. The story begins on Friday night, June 23, 1950 at La Guardia Airport, New York, USA. The weather was warm when 55 passengers, including 27 women, 22 men and 6 children, boarded a DC-4 4-turboprop aircraft, number 2501 of Northwest Airlines, from New York to Seattle (state Washington). Estimated flight time is 6 hours at 660km / h.

At 19:30, the 2501 took off. The captain of this flight is Robert C. Lind, the first co-pilot is Verne F. Wolfe, both 35 years old, and the third and last person in the crew is flight attendant Bonnie Ann Feldman, 25 years old. .

Passing Cleveland, Ohio, the 2501 continues to fly to Minneapolis, Minnesota at 3,000 meters. As she prepared to approach the city airspace of Battle Creek, Michigan at 22:41, the Chicago Air Traffic Control Center ordered Captain Lind to lower the altitude to 2,500m to avoid another plane flying in the direction. opposite.

At 11:36, the 2501 reached Lake Michigan. Upon receiving news from the Chicago Air Traffic Control Center that a storm was forming on the lake, Captain Lind asked to lower the altitude to 1,500 meters but was rejected because at such a height, the plane could will not stand the gust of wind.

At 11:51 p.m., the 2501 entered the fringes of a storm that was growing stronger. Captain Lind reported via radio that the plane would arrive in Milwaukee before 0:30 a.m. on June 24. About 10 minutes later, Lind once again asked to lower the altitude to 1,000m but did not give specific reason. The Chicago Air Traffic Control Center’s answer was still: “No way!”

That was Captain Lind’s last contact with the ground. On the other side of Lake Michigan, the Milwaukee Air Traffic Control Station, after waiting until 1 in the morning, still did not see the 2501 radio signal to New York, Minneapolis and Chicago. Immediately, the Civil Aviation Administration’s radio stations attempted to communicate with 2501 on all frequencies but to no avail. Flight 2501 is missing!

2.5:30 a.m. on Saturday, June 24, the US Civil Aviation Administration officially announced the complete loss of contact with the 2501. They also said that the amount of fuel on the plane was completely exhausted by that time so it could no longer fly, and issued an emergency search order to the navy, the coast guard and the state police from Illinois to Michigan, Wisconsin and Indiana. Thirteen hours later, at 6:30 p.m. on Saturday, the Coast Guard ship commanded by Captain Woodbine saw an oil slick and some debris allegedly from a 2501, floating on the surface of Lake Michigan. At 5:30 a.m. on Sunday, June 25, the sonar machine of the US Navy ship led by Captain Daniel Joy was near the oil spill, and found some objects that reflected very strong sonar waves. However, scuba diving conducted by a naval clone showed that it was not the wreck of the plane, but that of a shipwreck.

Also on Sunday, the Coast Guard fleet consisting of four ships led by Woodbine, Mackinaw, Hollyhock and Frederick Lee recovered many floating debris, including fuel tank fragments, seat pads, clothing pieces. , blankets, luggage and some parts of the corpse but not a single piece of debris was large enough to confirm it fell from the 2501. Investigators speculate that the 2501 exploded in the sky because of their followers. The aircraft twisted when it fell into a gust of wind, causing a spark to burn the fuel tank. Prosecutor Berrien Louis Kerlikowski and US Coast Guard officials said: “It must be a terrible explosion to tear the passenger body in an unimaginable way.” However, residents of Lake Michigan said that on the night of June 23 and 24, they heard no explosions except for the testimony of a retired naval lieutenant, RT Helm.

According to Mr. Helm, he saw an airplane passing through his house at 12:20 a.m. and then a flash of light accompanied by a terrifying explosion. However, compared to Captain Lind’s last contact at 0:01 when he requested to lower the altitude to 1,000 meters and the speed of the plane, by 0: 20 minutes, the 2501 had passed out of Lake Michigan and is in Milwaukee airspace. The divers’ search during the following days was also fruitless, partly because the bottom of Lake Michogan was muddy, and the visibility was limited. In addition, many of the large objects detected by the sonar are not those of the 2501.

In July, a local fisherman, Wallace Chambers, pulled the net onto a small, distorted piece of metal. Analysis of the US Civil Aviation Commission led to suspicion that this piece of metal belonged to the 2501, but during World War II, the US military used more than 3,000 DC-4s and by the end of the war, nearly 600 the aircraft became a civil aircraft with identical construction, so the wreckage recovered by Wallace Chambers said nothing.

Six months after the disappearance of Flight 2501, after thoroughly analyzing all the collected specimens, the US Civil Aviation Commission officially concluded this was a “catastrophe without any cause”.

From there, over time, the incident sank into oblivion until science invented advanced detectors, which could restore the model of the seabed, river, lake, with all the details in on the bottom the search for the 2501 begins to restart.

DRAW HIGH