The origin of this incident is that some cities have made a wish for a “digital economy”, admiring the name of “smart cities”, and they want to build “urban brains” one after another. This is a good thing. Who doesn’t want to be a fan of the computing power economy? If the local government builds the platform down-to-earth and the manufacturer deploys the product honestly, there is nothing to write about. But there are some weird phenomena, which creased this pool of spring water. Attention, there is weirdness! For example, more than half a month ago, a city’s artificial intelligence computing center project was completed and put into use to provide services such as public computing power for the artificial intelligence (AI) industry. What a good thing! However, in the media reports on the computing power of the center, such a strange appearance appeared: “The first phase of the center’s construction scale is 100P FLOPS artificial intelligence computing power… Its computing power is equivalent to 50,000 high-performance computers.” XX release, investment XX, a little information XX, etc. “The computing power of artificial intelligence is equivalent to 50,000 high-performance computers”, which is typically misleading. Coincidentally. Two years ago, when a large-scale intelligent computing project was launched in a city, the computing power released to the outside was “100PFLOPS”, and the topic was forcibly added: “Domestic AI training clusters enter the field of supercomputing”… The AI ​​dedicated smart computer became an all-round supercomputer at once, wonderful! Speaking of dollar as a “knife” and intelligent computers as supercomputers, who is pretending to be confused? Sorry for joining the stage! Is it really all the media? not necessarily. Regardless of whose pot it is, but see that the unhealthy wind is getting longer. In some places, in order to quickly launch the computing power project, the computing power is not discriminated, as long as the number is beautiful enough. Perhaps the local area did not spend a particularly large amount of capital, and built the so-called tens of P, hundreds of P computing power, thinking that it can compete with the national supercomputing center and launch a wave of computing power to drive the economy. Unexpectedly, when they invited supercomputer experts to ask, it didn’t seem to be the case. Why? You get what you pay for computing power. In order to quickly launch the computing power project, the smart computer and the supercomputer are stupidly unclear, and they are even more confused about what is the reasoning performance and what is the training performance. As a result, I thought that I spent a small amount of money to build a world-class supercomputer. It may cost a lot of money to build a machine with only reasoning performance. What does that sentence say? “ The gift of all destiny , The price has already been secretly marked . ” Today we will talk about the mystery of this. Smart computer VS super computer, can’t tell the difference? First of all, supercomputing is supercomputing. Some machines dedicated to AI computing are also called supercomputing, which is questionable. The Linpack test, which is currently used in the industry to measure supercomputers, tests the “double-precision floating-point computing capabilities” of supercomputers, that is, the calculation of 64-bit floating-point numbers (FP64), which is a high-precision numerical calculation. Among the digital precision expressed in binary, there are single precision (32-bit, FP32), half-precision (16-bit, FP16), and integer types (such as INT8, INT4). The higher the number of digits, it means that people can reflect the changes of the two values ​​in a larger range of values, so as to achieve more accurate calculations. Unlike many scientific calculations, the computing power required by AI does not need to be too high-precision. For example, some AI applications need to process speech, pictures, or videos. Inference or training can be completed by running low-precision calculations or even integer calculations. This kind of special computer processing AI algorithm is fast and low energy consumption, which is determined by its characteristics. To sum up, we can distinguish as follows: Smart computer Is a kind of dedicated computing power, they Good at intelligent calculations such as reasoning or training , But because AI reasoning or training generally only uses single-precision or even half-precision calculations, and integer calculations, most intelligent computers do not have the ability to perform high-precision numerical calculations. This also limits its use in application scenarios other than AI computing. In contrast, supercomputer It is a kind of general computing power, and its design goal is Provide complete and complex computing capabilities They are more capable of high-precision computing and have a wider range of applications. For example, scientists often use supercomputers for planetary simulation, new material development, molecular drug design, genetic analysis, and other scientific calculations and big data processing. Chen Zuoning, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, once vividly used supercomputing for AI calculations “Big Horse-drawn Car” , To illustrate that although supercomputing is “decathlon”, it is not tailor-made for AI after all; in order to do things cheaply, intelligent computers have emerged. The fusion of AI and supercomputing, which was once hyped before, is also an improved high-performance computer “AI Specialization” Strictly speaking, they no longer belong to the category of supercomputing in our traditional discourse system. Nowadays, regardless of the completion of the supercomputing center or the intelligent computing center, they all claim the computing power “FLOPS”. In fact, this unit is “floating point computing power per second”, and the unit of some smart computers is actually “OPS” – ―The number of operations per second. If there is no distinction, it is easy for everyone to mistake it for the same calculation accuracy and the same calculation ability. This also leads to Some places think that they have spent a small amount of money to build the world’s top “big supercomputing”, which seems to have taken advantage of it; when the project was launched and introduced to the supercomputing industry, they were dumbfounded. . Sorry, it’s on stage again! Use new indicators to guide the healthy development of the industry To avoid misleading and chaos in the industry, the concepts of smart computers and supercomputers must be clearly distinguished. As mentioned above, there is another misleading in the industry, that is, the reasoning performance and training performance of fuzzy intelligent computers. Compared with inference, training performance often requires higher calculation accuracy, such as 32-bit or even 64-bit. Most AI chips with “dazzling” performance often refer to their inference performance, and may only be theoretical values. For AI computing, training performance is often more important-many intelligent models depend on this. If you want to draw a schematic diagram of the computing power required by AI, “inference” is at the bottom of the computing power matrix, because half-precision computing power (FP16) or integer computing power (such as INT8) can meet the inference needs. The top one is “training”, which generally requires the use of single-precision computing power (FP32) or half-precision computing power (FP16); the most demanding computing power is the brain-like “simulation”, which requires double-precision computing power. Both computing power (FP64) and low-precision computing power are supported at the same time. In order to achieve better guidance, A simple and effective indicator is needed to help judge the AI ​​computing power of the system and the development status of the entire high-performance AI field . November 2020, Researcher of the Institute of Computing Technology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Secretary General of the High Performance Computing Professional Committee of the Chinese Computer Society Zhang Yunquan Joint Professor of Tsinghua University Chen Wenguang , Researcher of Argonne National Laboratory Pavan Balaji And professor at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich Torsten Hoefler , And the ACM SIGHPC China Committee jointly initiated the “International Artificial Intelligence Performance Computing Power 500 Ranking” (ie AIPerf500) based on the AIPerf large-scale AI computing power benchmark evaluation program. Those who are interested can look through this list, The computing power unit of the machines on the list is OPS . “Supercomputing and AI computing, one yard equals one yard, requires a new scale to guide the AI ​​computing industry on the path of healthy development.” Zhang Yunquan said. Can’t get around Nvidia?Domestic AI chips are waiting to be fought The computing power starts with the chip. On the AI ​​chip track, my country has chip design companies such as Huawei N Ten, Baidu Kunlun, and Suiyuan, but even so, domestic smart computers rarely bypass the American GPU giant Nvidia. This is a helpless reality: Nvidia is a tangible beneficiary of the many intelligent computing centers launched in China . AI chips that specialize in intelligent computing can achieve faster speeds and performance that is several orders of magnitude higher in low-precision calculations as long as the number of cores is large enough and the main frequency is high enough. However, if a computing cluster requires both high-precision calculations and low-precision calculations, the requirements for AI chips are high. This is also the killer of NVIDIA GPUs. Their computing power in various precisions is outstanding and very balanced (of course AI computing power is stronger), not to mention NV has a better software stack and application ecology. Sorry, it’s on stage again! This is one of the reasons why it is difficult for most domestic AI chips to compete head-to-head with NVIDIA GPUs. And if Nvidia finally successfully acquires ARM, it will be even more powerful and take off completely. However, domestically produced AI chips are not entirely without opportunities. first of all, At present, my country’s computing power infrastructure has a strong willingness to localize. Even if giants such as Nvidia and Intel take the lead, the tide of localization is still unstoppable due to various factors such as comprehensive cost and ecology. Secondly As far as the current development of AI is concerned, scenarios, data, models, and computing power are indispensable, which means that China will be a place where global AI computing power is rich in the future. As a core requirement, AI chips cannot be monopolized by one form or one ecology. The outstanding domestic AI chips such as Cambrian and N-Teng still have huge room for development. Furthermore Although the chip is the main source of computing power and the most fundamental material basis, the production, aggregation, scheduling, and release of computing power is a complete process that requires the cooperation of the software and hardware ecology of a complex system to achieve “effective computing power.” Therefore, we should not only pay attention to the single performance index of the chip, but also pay attention to the upper-level software application ecology. Is it impossible to develop AI without huge computing power? Finally, let’s talk about the development trend of AI. Behind the confusion of the concept of computing power is the soaring demand for computing power in AI computing like a wild horse. This is not surprising. The amount of AI training is determined by the amount of parameters. What is the scale of the parameters for training AI now? Hundreds of billions, trillions! OpenAI, an artificial intelligence non-profit organization jointly established by a number of Silicon Valley “tycoons”, launched its new generation of unsupervised translation language model GPT-3 in May 2020. It currently has 175 billion parameters and a training data volume of 45TB ( About 1 trillion words). The GPT-3 model has made major breakthroughs in semantic search, text generation, content understanding, and machine translation. Its greatest value is to verify the machine’s unsupervised self-learning ability, and to verify that performance can be improved purely by scaling up. The trillion-parameter model is already on the way. In early June, Beijing Zhiyuan Artificial Intelligence Research Institute released “Enlightenment 2.0”, claiming to reach 1.75 trillion parameters, surpassing the Switch Transformer previously released by Google, and becoming the world’s largest pre-training model. The rapid growth of the parameter volume also means higher computing requirements-some may require thousands of GPUs to provide the necessary computing power. For giant models like GPT, the demand for computing power is not a joke. Is it impossible to develop AI without huge computing power? Experts believe that in the current stage of AI development (perceptual intelligence and cognitive intelligence), computing power is still the first. In fact, the development of AI can be improved through computing power, or through the algorithm revolution, but at the current stage of “capital orientation”, Compared with the uncertainty of the algorithm model breakthrough, the increase of computing power is the easy choice. However, it must be pointed out that the use of huge computing power is not the only direction for the development of artificial intelligence. Giant models such as GPT-3 also have shortcomings, such as lack of common sense; and explore the mysterious mechanism of the human brain to realize small data learning and migration learning. It is also an important means. After all, the power consumption of the brain is only about 20W, and the realization of a smart system with low energy consumption may be a more important direction for efforts. (This article was written under the strong guidance of experts in the field of supercomputing such as Zhang Yunquan, Senior Commissioner of the Chinese Computer Society, and I would like to thank you!)

Owner of public transport application BusMap becomes a member of Phenikaa Phenikaa Group has just announced a strategic investment worth 1.5 million USD, equivalent to more than 34 billion VND, in BusMap Joint Stock Company – the owner of the BusMap public transport application. With the investment and patronage of Phenikaa Group on people, systems and technology, BusMap Joint Stock Company officially became a member unit of Phenikaa Group and was renamed Phenikaa Technology Joint Stock Company. MaaS (referred to as Phenikaa MaaS) BusMap is a technology startup of a group of young technicians, led by General Director Le Yen Thanh. Since 2013, the company aims to develop a free public transport application for passengers using city buses, helping people optimize their travel journey. The application is built on the core technology of digital maps, integrated with artificial intelligence, allowing users to find the shortest travel plan with the lowest cost and time. After 7 years, BusMap has more than 2 million users, made more than 50 million trips. Sharing about this investment decision, Phenikaa Group’s representative said that it is always looking for and developing young talents, sponsoring initiatives, research and development projects for new technologies, technological innovation and startups. breakthrough, positive influence, bringing practical benefits to the community. “Phenikaa MaaS will consider the BusMap application as the core technology, the foundation for developing “personalized” applications according to the needs of each user to solve a variety of problems in life and manufacturing business. From there, Phenikaa MaaS can expand transportation products and services for businesses, organizations and communities,” said a representative of Phenikaa Group about the long-term development orientation for the unit. this new member. Phenikaa is the parent company owning 81.63% of capital Vicostone – an artificial quartz stone business listed on the HNX with a market capitalization of VND 16,864 billion. In addition to Vicostone, Phenikaa is a multi-industry economic group operating in the fields of technology; industry; scientific research; education and training. Becoming a member unit of Phenikaa Group and a part of Phenikaa Ecosystem, Phenikaa MaaS aims to expand the target customer base, not only encapsulating the inner city bus transportation service industry, but also It also expands to other areas of the public transport industry such as trains, trams, waterways, etc., thereby, strongly promoting the comprehensive digital transformation in the field of smart transportation.

The US spent more than 1 billion USD on drugs to treat COVID-19 (Artwork). The oral antiviral drug Molnupiravir, which prevents the development of COVID-19 disease, is used to treat the early stages of the disease. The current trial regimen is 2 doses per day for 5 days. According to Dr. John Whyte – medical director of Merck & Co Inc. Laboratories, the US needs therapeutic drugs to be ready for the new wave of COVID-19. “This is a Tamiflu-like drug that we use to treat the flu,” said Dr John Whyte. Now we still have to do some research to make sure this drug is effective for treating COVID-19. But this is a correct strategy to prepare for new waves of COVID-19 to emerge.” Merck & Co Inc expects to produce more than 10 million courses of Molnupiravir by the end of the year and said many other countries are in discussions with the company about pre-ordering Molnupiravir. Data on the global trial of molnupiravir is expected to be released next fall. If successful, Merck & Co Inc will apply for an emergency use license as early as the second half of this year.

Kerstin Tristan is famous on social networks for full body tattoos. Because “cannot stand” her skin, Tristan does not hesitate to use all of her life savings to tattoo her body from the neck down. Specifically, within 5 years, lady 6x spent a total of £ 25,000 (VND 815 million) on tattoos. Tristan believes that tattoos bring “energy” to her, even though she used to hate ink stains on her body. She feels younger, happier and more satisfied with life with colorful tattoos. Kerstin Tristan took 5 years and £25,000 to cover her body with tattoos. When deciding to get a tattoo, Tristan simply wanted to add a little color to the life associated with boring taxi driving. Tristan’s first tattoo was on his arm. After that, she couldn’t stop wanting more tattoos. Up to now, except for the face, every part of the body is covered with tattoos of flowers, butterflies and beauties. “I sacrificed all my savings for them. I simply wanted to try something new. We all only live once and I think at my age something really has to come. When I look in the mirror, I see a beautiful meadow,” Tristan shared in a YouTube video. The 55-year-old model regularly posts pictures showing off her tattoos on her personal Instagram page, which has more than 156,000 followers. Meanwhile, she also set up an account Only Fans (British paid social networking site) to post sexier photos. Tristan has a large fan base thanks to his special appearance. Tristan is also praised for her youthful face and slim body even though she is 60 years old. She often posts sexy pictures on social networks.

Kofi Case has impressed since participating in the reality show Rich Kids Go Skint. His parents are the owners of an international catering company. Living according to the concept of “life is not perfect but what you wear can”, the guy from England often spends time on brand shopping sessions. Through this program, he revealed that he is a person who has a passion for shopping and is willing to spend thousands of dollars a day to satisfy himself. Spending is now seen as a full-time job for Kofi. In an exclusive interview with AZBible, he said Saint Laurent, Gucci and Hermès are his favorite brands. “If I like something, I never look at its price,” Kofi said bluntly. Currently, this guy pursues a luxurious style. He completes his wardrobe with things he can buy everywhere he travels. During the pandemic season, Kofi’s spending habits have not changed. He even went shopping just to celebrate the end of social distancing. This action is contrary to what he replied to AZBible earlier. He believes that sustainable fashion must be promoted during the time when the epidemic has stalled the industry. Although “inlaid” on the body of branded items, Kofi’s mix is ​​still not recognized by many people. They think that he is just a guy born in 2000 famous thanks to his parents. Before that, he was loyal to a dynamic, personality style, bringing a hint of hip hop through popular items such as bomber jackets, hoodies.

Tam’s house is 40m2 wide, the total floor area is 175m2. The house consists of 5 floors, 1 ground floor, 3 floors and terrace with full function rooms such as living room, kitchen – dining room, 1 master bedroom, 1 bedroom for mother, 1 dressing room and working room. Nguyen Quang Tam in his favorite area of ​​the house. (Photo: Nguyen Quang Tam) Hunting for mutant leaves is one of the trends that many people are interested in, even with leaves up to several hundred million dong. (Photo: Nguyen Quang Tam) Anh Tam currently owns about 50 different types of ornamental leaves with many precious and unique lines. However, he affirmed, the collection of trees comes entirely from the love of nature and green space, not hunting for business purposes. (Photo: Nguyen Quang Tam) Because of the passion for planting trees, the owner cleverly arranges ornamental plants suitable for each functional area. Not only adorn the living space, but trees also help purify the air, creating a feeling of comfort and relaxation. Mr. Tam collects plants by line such as alocasia, anthurium, philodendron…, including both Vietnamese and foreign seedlings. In order to choose the right plants, he had to spend a lot of time and effort, from buying and earning from gardeners in Saigon and Da Lat to ordering from abroad such as Japan, Thailand, and Ecuador. In addition to the trees placed in the functional areas, he mainly grows trees in the front yard and on the terrace because it is easy to care for and the trees grow well. During the care process, Mr. Tam pays attention to providing water and light suitable for each type of tree. He uses coir mixed with some kind of pumice stone instead of using soil to help plants have better growth. Mr. Tam’s investment for ornamental plants in the house is about 300 million VND. Spacious terrace, designed with an outdoor bath and eye-catching decoration like a miniature resort. (Photo: Nguyen Quang Tam) This area uses white as the main color, combined with small logs to decorate the ceiling wall, bringing a familiar and close space in the middle of a modern house. (Photo: Nguyen Quang Tam) The function rooms in the house are designed in a modern and luxurious way but still ensure ventilation, maximum light and closeness to nature thanks to the lush green pots. The bedroom has luxurious furniture. Gray, black, white, and brown tones are harmoniously combined, creating a cozy, closeness, and expressing the personality of the owner. As a busy person, the owner prefers a simple design. Household items are not too many, suitable for the single life of the homeowner.

Endless love for black dresses Little Black Dress (LBD) has the shape of an evening dress, a simple cut and quite short. Its origins can be traced back to the designs made by Coco Chanel in the 1920s. Small black skirts are versatile, lasting with the evolution of fashion. Aimee Adams bought thousands of black dresses over the years. Photo: Jonas O’Sullivan. Small black dresses are usually affordable, easy to buy. It was so popular that it was simply called “LBD”. At the end of the 19th century, small black dresses became a symbol of elegance and nobility. Aimee Adams used to come to London (UK) for a holiday at the age of 15. At that time, she was inspired by the Goth culture that was very popular in the 1980s. This woman quickly became attracted to the color black. Adams said: “I started wearing black from then on. There was a ‘sea of ​​people’ wearing black on Kings Road in Chelsea, London, England. Black is very classy and timeless. It makes you look slimmer. Whether you’re 15 or 99, you can wear a little black dress and still look elegant.” After returning to America, Aimee Adams changed to gothic style. She wears black clothes and wears black lipstick. “Everybody told me what happened to you,” Adams recalls. In 1985, Adams’ mother sent her to an all-girls college in Columbia, Missouri (USA) to study fashion design. Everyone on the street was surprised, feeling strange when they saw her in black. At the time, no one looked like Adams. The local newspaper also ran an article about her unique style. Despite winning a scholarship to London Fashion College (UK), Aimee Adams still chose another major. “I changed to major in makeup and makeup in the film industry. That’s how I became a makeup artist.” Charming with fashion and black Adams has a great love for black. She even wore an LBD at her wedding in 1990. The makeup artist shared: “I don’t dream of Disney style or big white wedding dress. It’s not my dream. Black represents me, belongs to me. I don’t want to be someone else. on his wedding day.” Aimee Adams owns several designs produced in limited quantities by Balenciaga, Dior, Mary Quant and Valentino. All of her dresses are black, but each one has details that make them different and unique. “I can’t count how many LBDs I own, maybe 3,000 or more,” Adams said. In the collection of Aimee Adams, there are several designs from famous fashion houses such as Balenciaga, Dior, Valentino. Photo: Jonas O’Sullivan. After having so many dresses, Adams had no place to store his clothes in the house. So she rents out storage space for £200 a month. This woman has spent thousands of pounds storing clothes over the years. Aimee Adams said: “My inventory is full of clothes. I also resell. I want my clothes to find a good home.” She was so passionate about black dresses that she spent a lot of time looking for her favorite model. During the business trip, after finishing work, everyone went to dinner. Adams alone sat in the car, surfing the e-commerce site to order dresses. The female makeup artist also buys dresses at vintage stores. She also visited Portobello Market in Notting Hill, West London (England) to hunt for her favorite black dress. Stylish summer outfits for girls Women can elevate their summer style with some simple, easy-to-find items.

And to compete with TikTok, YouTube decided to set up a fund to pay video content creators with the most visitors every month. The fund initially has $100 million and will begin paying out in the next few months. This amount will attract many users and video content creators who post to Shorts, especially those who are famous, influential and have many followers. The beta version of Shorts was launched in the US at the beginning of the year and then officially opened to all US users in early May. YouTube earned $6.01 billion from advertising in the first quarter of 2021 Over the past few years, TikTok has achieved rapid success in popularity. This short video maker application has been downloaded more than 2 billion times globally and many tech giants are not ignoring this attractive market. As the short video market has become more and more crowded, major platforms have used creator support funds to attract more users. TikTok launched a content creator fund, which subsequently increased its investment in the US to US$1 billion over three years. Snap rewards users who publish top-level content on Spotlight with a reward of $1 million per day. Similar to TikTok, the Shorts feature on YouTube allows users to create a 15-second video, along with a lot of video editing tools, interesting effects or sounds to add to the video. In particular, the application also has a time-stop function so that the phone automatically stops the video recording mode without the content creator having to press any action. Shorts’ advantage over TikTok is that the platform already has 100,000 licensed tracks available. YouTube is also working with music artists and publishers to enrich the music store. Besides, Shorts is a function built into YouTube, so it will take advantage of the 2 billion monthly YouTube viewers. YouTube also updated a dedicated section for Shorts short videos, which can be scrolled vertically to cycle through new videos like TikTok. In its first-quarter 2021 earnings report, Google’s parent company Alphabet said YouTube earned $6.01 billion from advertising, up nearly 50% from the same period last year.

Germany will focus on developing the first quantum computer and related technologies. Illustration: Reuters The German Science Ministry will spend 1.1 billion euros until 2025 to support research and development of quantum computers, while the Economy Ministry will spend 878 million euros to support practical applications. The German Aerospace Center will receive about 740 million euros to work with industrial companies, medium-sized enterprises and start-ups to create two business complexes. According to Economy Minister Peter Altmaier, quantum computers have the potential to revolutionize key industrial sectors of the economy. He pointed out that applications are in areas such as improving the quality of energy supply and demand management, improving traffic control and promoting the testing of new active ingredients. Mr. Altmaier said Germany’s goal is to become one of the leading countries in the development and application of quantum computers. Meanwhile, Science Minister Anja Karliczek said the government’s goal is to develop a competitive quantum computer within five years and create a network of companies in the field to develop. outstanding applications.