According to scientific researchers, this cave is a limestone cave formed about 400 million years ago today, with a total length of 2,144m and has 3 main gates: Nguom Ngao, Nguom Lom, and Ban Thuon; The temperature in the cave is very cool in the summer, but warm in the winter. Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA The stalagmite block looks like a waterfall. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA A stalactite shaped like a cactus. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA A stalactite block shaped like an upside down lotus flower. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA

Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) The stalagmite block looks like a waterfall. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) A stalactite shaped like a cactus. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) A stalactite block shaped like an upside down lotus flower. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA) Nguom Ngao cave has many stalactites and stalagmites with diverse shapes, is one of the famous beautiful caves in Vietnam. (Photo: Vu Sinh/VNA)

(Photo: Internet) Nestled in the majestic mountain at Gun village, Dam Thuy commune, Trung Khanh district, Nguom Ngao cave was discovered in 1921, put into tourist operation in 1996 and recognized as a national scenic spot in 1998. Although still quite young compared to many caves in Vietnam such as Phong Nha cave (250 million years old), Trang An cave cluster (250 million years old),… but Nguom Ngao still has an equally magnificent beauty. the “elders” mentioned above. In particular, the splendid scenery inside the cave also reminds many people of Thien Duong cave – another masterpiece that nature has bestowed on Vietnam. (Photo: Internet) From Cao Bang town, follow the road more than 60 km long, pass Ma Phuc pass and Khau Lieu pass to reach Trung Khanh town, go another 29 km to reach the cave. Nguom Ngao Cave is about 2,144 m long but has only been exploited for nearly 980 m, the inside of the cave is almost pristine with hundreds of unique and attractive shapes. Over time, stalactites and stalagmites have created vivid and interesting scenes that make people admire and be amazed. (Photo: Internet) Stepping into the cave, visitors will be overwhelmed by the amazing beauty created by layers of golden stalactites. Countless stalactites grow from the bottom up, from the high rock arches hanging down with many shapes, reflecting shimmering and fanciful light. All are created by the Creator, bringing a unique and wonderful landscape. Stalactites in the cave have a different color from other local caves because of the amount of calcium mixed with many impurities. (Photo: Internet) Nguom Ngao Cave is divided into many areas, such as the “four pillars of heaven” with stone pillars that look like pillars against the sky, the central area with a large space, the treasure area with golden and silver stalactites… Sometimes, we come across small streams in the cave and the sound of murmuring water is very pleasing to the ears. The unique feature that makes the “name” of Nguom Ngao scenic spot is the terraced fields formed by the limestone floor that has been eroded and weathered for many millions of years. The most special is the upside-down “Golden Lotus” limestone block, which is really a masterpiece of nature. The petals seem to be meticulously trimmed to perfection. (Photo: Internet) (Photo: Internet) Wandering in the cave, visitors can enjoy interesting experiences. The cave is like a maze with stalactites crowded with many layers, not monotonous or boring. Especially in Nguom Ngao cave, where there is a gap to the sky, at exactly 14 pm on April 22 every year, there will be 3 streams of light meeting, merging into one, making the cave as bright as day for a few days. minute. This is a beautiful natural phenomenon, many visitors have to admire the brilliant light in Nguom Ngao cave at this moment. (Photo: Internet) (Photo: Internet) Nguom Ngao is truly a priceless natural gift that nature bestows on the people here. Although, at the present time, Cao Bang has only exploited about 1 km for tourists to visit and enjoy, but Nguom Ngao cave is considered one of the most beautiful caves in the country.

Khe Sung and Coi Da villages are located on National Highway 9B, where the Bru-Van Kieu people live. The people here have a rich cultural treasure and are blessed with a charming landscape full of lakes, streams and magnificent cave systems. Among them are Cha Loi cave (Dai General cave), Van Cong cave, Van cave, Kieu cave, Nuoc Lanh slot… In addition, this place also has grasslands like on the vast green steppe that the locals call it. “Valley of Love”. Coming to Ngan Thuy, tourists will visit Cha Loi cave. Inside the cave, there is a system of “stalagmites” and stalactites that are still intact, such as stalactites, white tubular stalactites, elephant symbols, chandeliers, wells and underground rivers. It is likened to a magnificent palace. The beauty inside Cha Loi cave. Inside, there are 7 stalactite columns erected to the ceiling of the cave, carved by the Creator in all shapes and shimmering. At the end of the cave is a stage created by the armed forces during the anti-American years to organize meetings and public and cultural speeches. Talking about Nuoc Chien slot in Coi Da village, many tourists inside and outside the province already know about the wild beauty here. Coming here, visitors will experience when bathing in the cool, blue spring water, flowing through the rocky crevices and enjoying the peaceful space and beautiful scenery among the green forests in the vast mountains. .. Coming to the Bru-Van Kieu people in Khe Sung and Coi Da villages, visitors will enjoy the captivating folk songs and enjoy the local cuisine with many delicious and unique dishes. Every year, in the 10th lunar month, visitors can also attend the famous new rice celebration of the Bru-Van Kieu people. Change through travel At the end of 2018, Netin Tourism and Information Co., Ltd opened a tour to explore nature and learn about the culture of Bru-Van Kieu people in Quang Ninh and Le Thuy districts. Mr. Tran Xuan Cuong, Director of the Company said: “On the first day, I took a group of experts to survey to open the tour, the villagers looked at me with strange and probing eyes. When listening to me explain how to organize discovery tourism, with absolute respect for the natural landscape, people understand and actively cooperate.” Currently, the tour is attractive with experiences, such as: exploring caves, bathing in streams, sleeping in tents in the forest, camping in the valley of love, learning about life and enjoying local products. In order to develop tourism in a sustainable way, the company has supported people with 40 million VND, combined with other resources to build 7 models of fruit trees. Ms. Ho Thi Luu in Coi Da village raises chickens to provide tourists. Mr. Nguyen Van Hung, Secretary of the Party Committee of Ngan Thuy Commune said: “Since the tourist route came here, the potential of the locality has begun to be awakened. They also have income from selling agricultural products and souvenirs. The festivals of the people have more conditions for development”. On average, each year, Coi Da and Khe Sung villages welcome about 1,000 tourists, directly creating jobs for 12 local households. The products they produce, such as: sticky rice with charcoal, wicker products, chickens, and pigs are all consumed. In order to serve and develop the economy and tourism, in recent years, Bru-Van Kieu people in Ngan Thuy commune have also been supported to grow glutinous rice, build model gardens, develop livestock and many other industries. Other benefits… Ms. Ho Thi Luu’s family, in Coi Da village, Ngan Thuy commune, grows 3.5 sao of wet rice for two crops, each year getting nearly a ton of rice. In addition, she also raises cows and hundreds of poultry to serve tourists. In the sample garden, she planted over 100 pepper trees and many fruit trees. Besides, she also trades and opens food and beverage services to serve tourists. Some weeks, her family welcomes from 2 to 3 groups of tourists up to dozens of people. With the diversified economic development, each year, Ms. Luu’s family has an income of nearly 100 million VND. “Since doing tourism, I have learned how to cook, raised ant chickens, and grown glutinous rice to serve guests. As a result, family life is also increasingly improved. I no longer have to go to the forest to cut wood,” said Ho Vui, a resident of Coi Da village. Mr. Vui’s house is near Nuoc Chien slot, where many tourists visit. Taking advantage of this, his family opened a food service, selling groceries, so the income was stable. Mr. Ho Van Thin, from Khe Sung village shared: “Every time a tourist comes, I am called by Nettin Tourism and Information Co., Ltd. to carry goods and support campers. At my house, I also work as an “office” for guests to send things, cook and rest … “. Mr. Nguyen Van Hung, Secretary of Ngan Thuy Commune Party Committee, added that the local tourism potential is great, so the commune creates favorable conditions for units wishing to invest and exploit. The commune will also support people with cooking training, home improvement, environmental sanitation, restoration of folk songs, musical instruments and traditional knitting. In economic terms, the commune will mobilize people to develop afforestation, animal husbandry, planting more trees and fruit trees; building model gardens, investing in more facilities to make tourism in a sustainable way…

Mocameta Monastery. Cuisine The people of Imereti are surprisingly hospitable and Imereti’s cuisine is also incredibly delicious. Walnut dishes are very popular here, herbs are also used a lot to prepare food. The traditional Khachapuri cheese cake from the Imereti region is famous throughout Georgia. In addition, one of the popular highlights here is fried chicken dipped in juice from blackberries and unripe grapes called Isrimakvali. The Imereti name is also known in the winemaking industry. Due to the diversity of climatic and soil conditions, Imereti is able to grow a wide variety of grapes, making the wine here the richest flavor of Georgia. Main attractions Jewish Quarter is a must-visit for history lovers. The largest synagogue here was built in 1866, can accommodate 500 members. The magnificent Bagrati and Gelati churches such as the Bagrati Cathedral and the Gelati Monastery were recognized by UNESCO as World Cultural Heritage in 1994. Motsameta Monastery, located 6km from the city of Kutaisi, built in the 11th century also attracts a lot of tourists with an ancient belief: If a person crawls three times under a crate and makes a wish while touching mascot, wishes will come true. Museum system is also a favorite destination. These include: Kutaisi Historical Museum was established in 1912 with more than 200,000 artifacts; Vani Archaeological Museum, home to unique works created by ancient jewelers discovered in the town of Vani … Sataplia Nature Reserve is located 6km northwest of Kutaisi. Here, you can find preserved dinosaur footprints and a beautiful cave complex filled with stalactites and stalagmites. There is a museum, a glass walkway, and a spectacular natural view on the grounds of the reserve. Also, do not miss the tour of Prometheus – one of the most famous destinations in the area – to admire the wonder made up of stalactites, or to the Okatse gorge with its majestic natural scenery. ..

https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ On the map, the “little gem” Kastellorizo ​​with an area of ​​9km², resembles a dot in the Mediterranean Sea. For centuries, Kastellorizo ​​is the intersection of all major civilizations in the world with a volatile history spanning many colonial empires. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ The beauty of culture and nature here always attracts those who have once set foot here. Megisti was the official name, but for the Greeks, Kastellorizo ​​was the most common name for the smallest island in the Dodecanese archipelago. The serene beauty, the hospitality, the heroic history, the fascinating legends, all of these have made the name of Kastellorizo ​​shine on the tourist map of Greece. Especially, after the film Mediterraneo set in Kastellorizo ​​won the Oscar in 1991, Kastellorizo ​​is becoming a real must-visit tourist destination in Greece and the world. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ In addition, the local people always proved that they were followers of the god Zeus, the god of hospitality. And once visitors to Kastellorizo ​​will have the opportunity to enjoy the slow pace of life and throw away all worries. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ Coming to Kastellorizo, the first impression on visitors is probably the prosperity of the past, which is clearly shown in the restored villa located along the small harbor. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ The lovely two-storey old houses in neoclassical architecture with vibrant colors are built in layers along the high hills to create the image of theater-like steps, overlooking the romantic blue sea. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ Among the houses were small roads that passed through square yards of pebbles filled with flowers and descended into the harbor. In some towns in the center of Kastellorizo, you feel like you are going back to the last century. You can visit the archaeological museum located in a temple, which recreates the history and folk art forms and unique crafts of Kastellorizo. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ If you start your journey into Kastellorizo’s past from the Castello Rosso – the castle set up by the knights of St. John on the red earth hills, but now it’s only a part, you might get a feeling go back to the 14th century. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ Step up the narrow iron stairs, where the Greek flag is fluttering in the wind, what awaits you is the shimmering sight of the harbor below. At the foot of the castle, there is a very splendid Lycian tomb carved in stone from the 4th century BC, which has been carefully preserved. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ To the east is the magnificent view of the harbor of Mandraki, above is the churches of St. Constantine and Helena with pointed arches – typical of Gothic architecture. Going west is Palaiokastro, the island’s oldest and most important point. It is still an old residential area consisting of several buildings, rainwater tanks and a castle named Dorian built in the 3rd century BC. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ In the Limenari area, there are giant stone walls of the ancient palace called the Mycenaean. One of the most interesting experiences in Kastellorizo ​​is that the Blue Grotto (also known as the Parasta or Fokiali cave), located in the south of the island, is one of the caves with the most beautiful beaches in the Mediterranean, once a pirate paradise. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ A 30-minute boat ride from Kastellorizo ​​port, Green cave hides an impressive color palette from the reflection of the sun and 75m long stalagmites in the cave and clear turquoise water. https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ The beauty in winter of Kastellorizo ​​makes visitors ecstatic. But spring is the perfect time in Kastellorizo. In spring, the weather is not too hot and the colors become more vibrant when the blue of the sea blends with the green of the plants and the pink of confetti, you can admire this scene everywhere. on the island … https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/ Despite having only a few hundred residents, Kastellorizo ​​is home to many traditional events and festivals taking place in May, July and September. And there are no noisy bars or discos but you can go out all night in pubs along the harbor … https://dulich.petrotimes.vn/

Inside Krizna jama, a place for tourists traveling by boat. Photo: National Geographic Where the rivers mysteriously disappeared With 20,271 square kilometers and 2 million inhabitants, Slovenia provides the world to more than 20 famous caves out of more than 8,000 karstic formations called jamas. Here, it is easy to see with the naked eye the majestic rivers suddenly mysteriously disappearing into the ground, then forming the system of underground paths through the limestone mountains forming caves. There are also traces of cave dwellers of nearly 5,000 years ago, autographs of an expedition in 1557 left on the cliffs of Krizna cave, and since then cave tourism in Slovenia has flourished. from the seventeenth century. Krizna jama, birthplace of cave exploration. Exploration of karstic limestone caves is very dangerous, even with taking pictures in a world completely different from space under the sun. Robbie Shone, British photographer and cave researcher, spent 10 years taking pictures of Kacna caves. The window entry was 250 feet (250 feet) higher than the ceiling, and an additional 250 feet was added to the underground river, the common pillar with up to 500 free-fall, up and down thanks to ropes and lifters. The key to the Slovenian cave system lies in the rivers, when hidden when present, the most famous of which are the rivers Reka, Rak, and Pivka. River caves are not uncommon, however, there are only some karst landscapes where river caves reach as vast as in Slovenia. The karst plateau forms a special geographical area here, it extends from the Adriatic coast in the south to the Vipava Valley, forming a corridor connecting the limestone regions of northeast Italy. Beneath the village of Škocjan are caves of the same name, a UNESCO heritage site, in which an entire river – the river Reka – seems to be swallowed up by the earth. From the ground, the river suddenly plunged into a straw (siphon) in the rock, continuing to winding along underground currents, then emerged 24 miles away near Italy’s Monfalcone before joining the Timavo River into the sea. Adriatic. Where people live with caves More than anywhere, Slovenia is not only the birthplace of the cave tourism industry, but also a place of symbiosis between people and a special geological structure. The Italians and Slovenes living along the limestone corridors have created a unique Teran grape for the famous iron-rich red wine. Caves have played many roles throughout history. They used them as a source of water, a refrigerator, and even an ammunition storage room during the war. During the Ice Age, Krizna jama was an important bear sanctuary – some 2,000 bear skeletons remain. Today, river caves are important habitats for many species of animals, some of which are endangered. Postojna jama is Slovenia’s largest and most touristy cave, complete with trains that take you through tunnels and fossil-filled labyrinth halls and pristine caves. pretty. Nearby Postojna and Planinska jama are home to the proteus anguinus, an endangered species of underwater cave salamander affectionately known as the “human fish”. During Christmas, a scene of the Child God was erected in Postojna and more than 500 people gathered in a stone hermitage to witness a festival performance staged between stalactites and stalagmites. Postojna jama is completely designed with trains taking tourists through the tunnels … Photo: postojnska-jama.eu Here you can choose the right level of cave travel for you. The Postojna Cave is considered the largest jade, where the cave train will take visitors to magnificent sculptures, stalactites, stalagmites and halls. The beautiful Škocjan Cave is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Here you can see the deepest and largest underground gorges in the world. And more than that, behind the cave doors is a place for travelers who have a lot of courage to explore. Krizna Cave impresses with a series of emerald green underground lakes, on which visitors can sail to magnificent limestone halls under the safety guidance of experienced explorers. The birthplace of cave exploration The history of cave exploration is associated with Krizna jama located in the Cerknica Polje limestone belt near the Loz settlement. The length of the cave is up to 8,273m, of which about 600m is arranged for regular tours of tourists, the rest is for explorers. In fact, Krizna is considered one of the most attractive tourist caves in Slovenia, due to the large underground lakes with clear water formed after dams of quartz stone and decorated in various styles. way by rolling rocks. One of the tourist attractions is the bear cave. Currently, Krizna jama is under the management of the Krizna Cave Caving Society, and is here by guided boat travel. The first inscription of the Krizna expedition engraved on a cliff, in 1557. Krizna’s original name was Loz Cold Cave (Mrzla jama pri Lozu), changed to Cold Cave under Mount Krizna (Mrzla jama pod Krizno goro), and now takes the name of the Cross Church located on the hill given to the cave system. , called Cerkev Svetega kriza. The first inhabitants of Krizna cave were in the metallic era with many relics including pottery, but their ancestors lived in caves belonging to the Paleolithic period, around 2,800 BC. Perhaps this was the reason why the Krizna expeditions were so intriguing, and the expedition’s first autograph inscribed on the cliff 1557. The expeditions continued through the centuries as a kind of discovery tourism. , but it was not until 1832 that an official report was produced by JJ Tobin, and in 1838 J. Cerar provided the first descriptive sketch. The discoveries weren’t really easy, and it wasn’t until 1962 that a group of high school students from Ljubljana Šiška crossed the first lake under the guidance of Professor Prezelj. Explorers from Slovenian and foreign clubs spent decades, from 1970 to 1990 searching, discovering new cave passages and halls, and especially diving to survey pipes. suction of the Kittlow well. Measurements, surveys and expeditions were promoted between the 1990s and 2003 through the Speleological society of Karlovec and the Assotiation of Krizna cave lovers. They began cleaning the caves, photographing it, and discovering new tunnels with deep diving, searching for new straws. And today, cave tourism has become a unique economic activity in Slovenia. Hoang Quan __________ References: Go Inside These World-Famous, Rarely Seen River Caves
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/adventure/destinations/europe/slovenia/photos-hidden-river-caves/ Slovenia is the cradle of historic cave exploration and karst science.
https://www.jamarska-zveza.si/index.php/foreigners/36-introduction History of Exploration
https://krizna-jama.si/en/history-of-exploration/