May is the month when the lotus begins. Usually in the middle of May, the first lotus flowers appear. The lotus season lasts about 2 months, so everyone wants to buy a few pots to enjoy before the season ends. However, buying a lotus vase that blooms fragrantly is not easy because there is a flower very similar to a lotus but not a lotus that is often mixed by sellers to trick buyers. Has anyone ever had to kneel and how did it feel at that time, especially when buying a lotus flower to plug in but when taking pictures to show off Facebook, friends were “dumped with cold water” that it was kneeling, not lotus, waiting forever for flowers not bloom. The ‘lotus’ flowers are only forever 17 years old, then wilt and collapse. Why do people buy lotus flowers by mistake? According to the experience of Ms. Vinh Quyen (Hanoi) said: Because kneeling looks a lot like lotus from leaves, stems, and flowers, many people cannot distinguish it. The only difference is that the lotus will bloom and smell nice, and the kneeling will basically not bloom, if it does, it won’t be fragrant. The price of kneeling is much cheaper than lotus, so sellers can mix lotus with kneeling and sell at lotus price. Because of her experience in buying lotus, Ms. Quyen warned: Normally, a bunch of peddlers often mix 50/50 unscrupulous buyers will be deceived. The truth between lotus and kneeling is only the seller who understands the best, and if the buyer is not familiar, of course buys kneeling to become a lotus. Here are Vinh Quyen’s lotus tips to help you choose the right one you want to buy. How to distinguish between lotus and kneeling The anemone flower (left) is dark pink, the buds are longer and more pointed than the lotus flower (right). Color: The lotus will be bright pink, the old people often say that the lotus petals are pink. Litchi dark pink slightly dark. Cotton: The lotus flower is longer and larger than the anemone flower. The cotton head is usually more blunt, seeing the lotus head is often slightly ajar, slightly separating is to see the small inner layer. Kneeling cotton is pointed, without an inner layer, so it is difficult to separate the wings. Lotus blooms and then falls while kneeling in reverse. When buying, hold the flower bouquet and shake it gently, if the petals fall out, you will kneel. Dear: The stem of the lotus plant is straighter, less thorny, the flower stalk is small, when scratched by thorns, it is not as painful as anemone flower. Anemone flower has a rough body, larger than a lotus, with more thorns, so the pickers must wear long clothes when wading into the lagoon to avoid scratching their skin. Incense: The lotus wings are very fragrant, the cloves are not fragrant. Should hold a bunch of lotus flowers to smell the scent, but not kneeling. When it blooms, the lotus is fragrant. When kneeling, it has a pungent aroma. Wing flower: Lotus is thicker than kneeling because lotus has many layers of wings, arranged in descending order while kneeling has only one layer. So one of the tips when buying is to gently squeeze the flower’s head with your hand and see if it’s a bit spongy, it’s probably lotus. Alternatively, slightly separate the cotton head and see if there is a smaller lotus inside and especially with a strong aroma, it is indeed a lotus and vice versa. Lotus leaf: The underside is smooth and hairless, so we use sticky rice and nuggets. Leaves kneeling backwards. Lotus leaves also have a characteristic aroma, not kneeling. When should you buy lotus? Quyen said the best time to buy lotus is in the morning, when the lotus has just been picked. When you get home, don’t plug it right into the vase, but take a bucket of water, put some ice in it, and then plug the lotus bunch into the flower stalk for 4-5 hours for the lotus stem to hydrate and then plug. Lotus leaves, lotus bud, lotus calyx also do the same.

Fatima and one of his inventions. Building robots when you are 10 years old It all started when Fatima was 10 years old and created the first robot capable of taking pictures. She then quickly developed 12 other inventions, including solar charging bags for devices, robots that can replace sick students to school, power belts for the hearing impaired and intelligent steering systems. Block people from texting while driving. Now Fatima turns 18 and is a student in computer engineering at Virginia Polytechnic (USA). She has become an inspiration, paving the way for other women and girls to pursue innovation and STEM (science, technology, engineering and math). From a young age, Fatima was passionate about science and invention. She enjoys watching science fiction, documentary and technology shows. In addition, her parents have a technical background, which contributes to her passion for science and invention. “I was influenced a lot by the shows I watched, mainly about science. However, my living environment also has a lot of impact, including that my parents are engineers … all contributed to my hobby and personality, “said Fatima. The family plays a very supportive role for Fatima. At home, her parents help her and teach how to do small projects. Over time, Fatima became proficient with the skills and was able to enter the industry with the guidance and help of her parents. Overcoming challenges At the age of 7, Fatima is excited to learn about new industries and build exciting projects. However, over time, Fatima realized that it was very difficult to stay in the industry as a young girl. “There aren’t many opportunities and when I try to take the opportunities, people don’t take me seriously or think it’s just a temporary period and think I’ll find another job that is gender-appropriate. to me, ”Fatima said. However, over the years, Fatima said it is very happy to see the change in the gender gap that women have always suffered. “Today, there are a lot of resources that young children, especially girls, can use to educate themselves and build their own skill sets. In addition, the society is more advanced than the ideology of sexism and more open to women and girls in the field of technology, “Fatima said. The UAE’s youngest Inventor title reinforces Fatima’s progress. “It opened many doors for me and allowed me to grow as an inventor, helping me gain some validation in places where I was deemed unsuitable, even if it came with very much. many responsibilities. I am very honored to carry that title. Getting support and recognition from the government is one of the highlights of my journey ”. Fatima received the UAE Youngest Inventor Award. Inspire the younger generation Fatima is not the first female scientist and not the last to talk about it. The UAE government has made a great effort to encourage women in the field of science and technology. A 2018 Times Higher Education report states that more female students enroll in STEM than men in the UAE. The reason is attributed to the fact that the government empowers women through policies, the opportunity to ensure that female role models are included in science textbooks. Fatima said she is looking forward to the time when the title will be awarded to another ambitious inventor. For young inventors, she was determined to do all she could. She praised the companies that initiated CSR (corporate social responsibility) activities in providing young students a platform to explore more opportunities in the STEM industry. So when air-conditioning solutions provider Taqeef launched a 2020 version of the STEM iMatter curriculum, Fatima knew this was what she needed to be involved with. Designed to help students put theory into practice and familiarize themselves with the role of STEM in their future work, iMatter assigns students to find solutions to real-world climate problems. “The show has some of the brightest young brains with great ideas,” says Fatima. I took the opportunity to become a speaker at their event. I was delighted to hear that they enjoyed my speech and learned something from it. I was even happy to receive some feedback videos sharing participants’ experiences, insights and gratitude ”. Fatima said that programs like iMatter have created conditions for more students to experience STEM learning. If governments, business and society join hands to develop STEM education and embrace more opportunities, a huge difference will inevitably emerge and more scientists, innovators and entrepreneurs. next time. In addition to her studies, Fatima said, she is focusing on patenting some of her new ideas. “I hope to get masters and PhD degrees in artificial intelligence (AI). I aim to set up my own AI company in the future and become a professor in this field ”. Fatima affirms that the invention idea is very simple and anyone can do it every day in their life. What she sees as important right now is to foster gender segregation, engage girls and women in STEM, and provide them with an environment for growth.

The team at Kyoto University Japan has created inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPS) that can overcome the immune system’s failure to accept transplanted cells in cell treatments. The research team is headed by lecturer Akitsu Hotta at the iPS Research and Application Center of Kyoto University. The team said they used gene editing to replace proteins on cell surfaces, which can cause the immune system to reject transplanted cells. According to the researchers, through animal testing and other means, they have confirmed that the iPS cells they generate reduce the risk of transplant rejection. IPS cells can be used to create cells that can regenerate any type of tissue in the body. Their method is able to generate 7 types of iPS cells and is applicable to more than 95% of the Japanese population. Previously, researchers at Keio University – Japan submitted a proposal to the Government for a clinical trial using iPS stem cells to treat patients with spinal cord injuries. Each year, about 5,000 people are said to lose the ability to move their limbs due to spinal cord injuries, the disease currently has no effective treatment. IPS cells can be used to create replacement cells for any tissue in the body. The team’s goal is to transplant cells into the patient so that these cells develop into nerve cells that transmit signals from the brain to restore the ability of the patient to move arms and legs. Japanese researchers have also made significant strides in their efforts to seek treatment for Parkinson’s disease (fibrillation paralysis). According to the group of researchers, for the first time in the world they have successfully transplanted iPS stem cells into the patient’s brain. “We did the transplant for the first time. The patient is recovering well now ”. GS. Ryosuke Takahashi at Kyoto University said. They performed this groundbreaking surgery recently, which implanted 2.4 million iPS cells into the brain of a 50-year-old male patient. The purpose of this procedure is to prevent Parkinson’s disease from causing depleted neurons. business. The research team will follow the patient for about 2 years to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of this method. Not stopping there, the above research group has developed iPS into the precursor cells of the reproductive cells. These cells were then cultured for about 3 months, in the same box as the oocytes isolated from the pups. The team claims to have obtained spherical cells with large cell nuclei. After analyzing the shape and characteristics of these cells, the team concluded that these are oocytes, the precursors of oocytes. The team says the work will help develop techniques for making human eggs from induction pluripotent stem cells. They can explain the cause of infertility through research on egg formation. Stem cells can develop into every other type of cell in the body. Breakthroughs … The pioneer in this technology is the laboratory of GS. Shinya Yamanaka at Kyoto University, Japan. In 2006, he published four genes with specially coded transcription factors that help transform from adult cells to multipotential stem cells. Together with Professor John Gurdon, he was awarded the 2012 Nobel Prize in Biomedical Sciences for “discoveries of adult cells that have the ability to be reprogrammed to become multi-potential stem cells”. Previous studies have concerned that reprogramming adult cells into iPS poses major risks, making the method limited in humans. For example, if a virus is used to alter the genotype in a cell, some oncogene expression genes are likely to be activated. However, scientists have announced the invention of a technology that helps to remove cancer-causing genes after multi-potential induction, making the application of iPS in the treatment of human diseases become more feasible. time is over. Currently, iPS cells are opening up a promising research direction in the treatment of genetic diseases in humans such as Down or polycystic kidney disease. In addition, iPS cells from impaired patients, which are not observed in iPS cells from healthy people, also provide additional physiological insights into these diseases. Nguyen Hung ( (Theo japantimes, nature) )

The delegates cut the ribbon to launch the training program of artificial intelligence and robot technology. (Photo: Thu Hoai / VNA) On April 24, Ho Chi Minh City National University held the launching ceremony of the Training Program artificial intelligence and Robot technology (AIC). The program is invested more than 32 billion VND, is part of the 320 billion VND sponsorship package of Inter-Pacific Group (IPPG) for National University of Ho Chi Minh City and Dalat University to establish a training school. CEO creation and AI education development. Held at the Software Technology Zone of Ho Chi Minh City National University, the STEM, STEAM interdisciplinary curriculum on artificial intelligence (AI) for students in age, level of education, right from grade 1. Regarding the document, the AI ​​Future Intelligent Manufacture syllabus of UBtech education USA Company copyrighted by IPPG, adjusted by the National University of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnameseized, evaluated and published, put into teaching. This is also a program that has been taught by many advanced countries in the world. The program includes activities such as: AI-Robotics program and summer courses for students; teacher training course AI-Robotics from basic to advanced; organize seminars on AI-Robotics for the community and businesses. This is also a space to experience, introduce and display IT application solutions, artificial intelligence of domestic and foreign corporations, enterprises, and AI scientific products of students. University. Mr. Truong Minh Huy Vu, Director of Software Technology Zone, Ho Chi Minh City National University , sharing the process of Vietnameseization and document appraisal, in addition to the participation of teachers, scientists in the field of computer science and AI, there are also experts in social fields. language, pedagogy so that knowledge is closer to students and students. Building learning materials is a continuous process, so in the coming time, the curriculum of the program will continue to be improved and adjusted to suit with reality. Associate Professor, Dr. Vu Hai Quan, Director of Ho Chi Minh City National University, shared that the unit is currently participating in training and research on artificial intelligence both in depth and in width. In which, in depth, the National University of Ho Chi Minh City is preparing to establish the artificial intelligence research institute; at the same time undertaking the task of training high-quality human resources at international level, in which chaired many component projects on information technology, artificial intelligence … Along with that, the National University of Ho Chi Minh City also focuses on programs in width such as implementing training programs for artificial intelligence and technology. Robot , to spread knowledge about AI more to the community, especially among students; thereby provoking, transmitting passion for scientific research to students, discovering and fostering new factors in the field of AI research. Ms. Le Hong Thuy Tien, General Director of Lien Pacific Group, said the Artificial Intelligence and Robot Technology Training Program was the first center in IPPG’s AI education development strategy chain in 5 years. It is expected that from now to 2025, IPPG will coordinate with universities and educational institutions to establish 10 more AI centers and deploy 1,800 AI Lab at schools and educational institutions nationwide. with the goal of AI training for more than 2.5 million students per year./.

The Ethnographic Museum is one of the best museums in Africa. This two-story museum was originally the palace of Emperor Haile Selassie. The rooms here are almost preserved. The exhibits are intricately arranged to tell visitors a rich and diverse story of Ethiopian peoples. National Museum This is where the fossils are on display named Lucy, a female skeleton of the species Australopithecus afarensis, discovered in Ethiopia in 1974, is considered the Origin of Modern Humans. The museum is also home to Ethiopian art works from the fourteenth to the twentieth centuries. Merkato Merkato is Addis Ababa’s largest market. It has most of the items you want to find with separate subdivisions. Its vast, chaotic appearance may at first look apprehensive to visitors, but exploring it will help you better understand the local culture as well as find many unique souvenirs. However, when going to a crowded place, you need to be careful with your belongings because street crime is still a thorny issue here. Piazza This is the “old town” of the capital, its name represents the short period in which the Italians were present in this country. Here you can find interesting places to eat and stay at affordable prices. Hills of Entoto This hill offers a panoramic view of Addis Ababa city from above. On Sunday, the hilltop Maryam Church is open for Mass. You can also visit the Entoto Maryam Museum, which displays Emperor Menelik’s personal belongings. The Lion of Judah and the Churchill Avenue After being moved back to Ethiopia from Rome in the 1960s, the symbol of the Ethiopian monarchy – the Lion of Judah – was placed at the top of Churchill Avenue, one of the main shopping streets of the city, running from the train station straight to the Piazza neighborhood. This is also a famous check-in place for tourists coming to the city.

The study was performed on 104 children aged 3-10 years old, of which 55 were girls. The scientists showed the children an educational video that included math concepts such as counting and subtraction. The scientists then charted the child’s brain activity through an MRI scanner and compared the results. That data showed no difference between children’s brain functions or development. The team also looked at the results of a math proficiency test of 97 children aged 3 to 8, of which 50 were female. Both genders showed equally good results, irrespective of age. The study also showed that, in fact, girls and boys had similar levels of neurological maturity across the brain. This shows that the neural processing of mathematics develops at the same rate in boys and girls. According to researcher Matthijs Oosterveen, Erasmus University Rotterdam (Netherlands), “Natural science has been considered a weakness of women. Many people believe that they are more endowed with social studies. Scientific findings show that it is gender prejudice. In fact, men and women are equally capable “. Dr. Alyssa Kersey – Psychology Department, University of Chicago said, “Not only in mathematics but in all other fields, both boys and girls have similar brain activity.” . According to research published in the Journal in 2011, gender stereotypes about math can cause girls to have more self-esteem about their abilities. In the long run, it will have a negative impact on their academic performance. Therefore, scientists hope that these scientific studies can contribute to eliminating gender stereotypes. Thereby, it is possible to promote women’s participation in the fields of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM).

Xinzhiyuan Report

source:Academic headlines

【Xin Zhiyuan Guide】A new generation of Xenobots-They are assembled into the body automatically through single cells, and after assembly they can be moved without the aid of muscle cells, and even demonstrated the ability to store memories.

Last year, a team of biologists and computer scientists used frog cells to create a new type of miniature self-repairing biological robots called “Xenobots”-biological machines that can move around, push heavy objects, and even make Group behavior.

Today, the team has successfully developed a new generation of Xenobots on this basis-they are automatically assembled into a body through single cells, and can be moved without the aid of muscle cells after assembly, and even demonstrated the ability to store memories. The new generation of Xenobots robots move faster, can move in different environments, and have a longer service life. At the same time, they still have the ability to teamwork and can repair themselves after being damaged.

Researchers say that this versatility makes it possible for Xenobots robots to perform tasks in more environments. Relevant research results were titled “A cellular platform for the development of synthetic living machines” and were published in Science Robotics magazine on March 31.

(Source: Science Robotics)

Shuttle at will, just because of this special “leg”

It is understood that the researchers used artificially “modified” heart cells in the previous generation of Xenobots robots. Due to the natural rhythmic contraction of these cells, Xenobots robots have the ability to move around.

In contrast, the new generation of Xenobots robots adopts a “bottom-up” approach. The extracted frog stem cells self-assemble and grow into spheroids. The cells in some spheroids will differentiate to produce cilia-like tiny hairs after a few days. Protrusions, these protrusions can move back and forth or rotate in a specific way.

The corresponding author of the paper, director of Allen Discovery at Tufts University, and professor of biology, Michael Levin, said: “We are witnessing the plasticity of cell clusters. Although these frogs have completely normal genomes, we use their cells to construct A new’body’ completely different from the default state.”

At the same time, these cells can also reuse their genetic coding hardware to achieve new functions, such as using cilia to achieve movement. Even more surprising is that they can not only take on new roles spontaneously, but also create new physical behaviors without the need for long-term evolutionary selection of these characteristics. ”

Figure | Xenobots move through cilia and show teamwork ability

In order to test the ability of a single Xenobots to move in different environments, the researchers constructed different experimental environments from a completely open field to a restricted capillary with an inner diameter of 580nm. In all cases, except for some Xenobots that were challenged in narrow passages, Xenobots were able to move in space.

Under certain circumstances, Xenobots may move in the opposite direction. The reason is that the intracellular and tissue-wide polarity is established by cell rearrangement during the self-assembly stage created by Xenobots, and cannot be changed on a short time scale. Therefore, the rapid changes observed in the study may be due to real-time control of cilia, such as changes in the beating frequency of individual polyciliated cells, rather than changes in structural polarity.

Like many unicellular and multicellular organisms that use cilia for exercise, this exploratory behavior (spontaneous changes in exercise) may be affected by random internal physiological processes and micro-changes in the environment, such as spontaneous currents in an aqueous medium.

In the experiment, when the channel width of the “maze” is reduced to 2mm, Xenobots will continuously hover around a wall of the maze. According to observations, most Xenobots tend to exhibit an elliptical movement pattern. This behavior may be due to the wall inhibiting the completion of the elliptical path, which in turn drives the final directional movement.

Figure | Xenobots can pass through a variety of terrains including mazes

In addition, the researchers placed Xenobots on one end of a 2cm capillary with an inner diameter of 580nm. Unexpectedly, 42% of the tested Xenobots were able to pass through capillaries end to end. All individuals exhibiting movement successfully passed through the entire capillaries, and none of them stayed or reversed in the middle between the two ends. To movement.

Figure | Xenobots through tiny capillaries

The researchers said that these data are sufficient to show that Xenobots can successfully traverse various environments without having to go through a special configuration to adapt to a given scene, which is an ideal feature in many software robot applications.

Stronger collection and handling functions

At the same time, the researchers also modeled Xenobots of different shapes to determine whether they exhibit different behaviors when they are alone or in a “team”.

They hope that Xenobots can do some meaningful work in real life, such as life tools for removing microplastics in the ocean or pollutants in the soil. Facts have proved that the new generation of Xenobots is faster and better than the previous generation model in tasks such as garbage collection. They can clean the petri dishes in groups to collect larger iron oxide particles.

Figure | Xenobots work together to collect piles of tiny particles

In addition, Xenobots can also cover larger flat surfaces or move in narrow capillaries. These studies also show that in the future, computer simulation can optimize the additional functions of biological robots to adapt to more complex behaviors.

Also has a memory function? !

The core feature of robotics is that it can record information and use this information to modify the actions and behaviors of the robot. In order to confirm whether Xenobots have this function, the researchers designed a Xenobots with read and write functions, and they used EosFP’s fluorescent reporter protein to record this information. This protein usually emits green light, but when exposed to 390nm wavelength light, this protein can emit red light.

Researchers injected messenger RNA encoding the EosFP protein into the cells of frog embryos. Xenobots made from these stem cells have a built-in fluorescent switch that can record blue light exposure around 390nm.

To test the memory function of Xenobots, the researchers let 10 Xenobots move on a surface where a spot is illuminated by a 390nm beam. Two hours later, they discovered that three robots were emitting red lights, while the rest remained green, effectively recording the robot’s “travel experience.”

Figure | Xenobots can record information by changing the color

In the future, this proof of the principle of molecular memory can be extended to detect and record light, radioactive contamination, chemical pollutants, drugs, and diseases. The further design of the memory function can record multiple stimuli, allowing the robot to release compounds during the stimulus, or to change its behavior based on the sensation of the stimulus.

Bongard said: “When we give robots more functions, we can use computer simulations to design more complex behaviors and the ability to perform more complex tasks. We can not only report the conditions in their environment, but also modify and Repair the conditions in its environment.”

Even self-healing

What’s more surprising is that the new generation of Xenobots is also very good at “healing” their wounds, and can heal serious full length lacerations by half the thickness within 5 minutes of injury. In the experiment, all the injured robots eventually healed their wounds, restored their original shape, and continued to work as before.

Figure | Xenobots can repair itself

The researchers said that one of the advantages of biorobots is metabolism. Unlike metal and plastic robots, the cells in biorobots can absorb and break down chemicals and work like small factories such as synthesizing and expelling proteins. The entire field of synthetic biology previously focused on reprogramming single-celled organisms to produce useful molecules, and now it can be used in these multi-celled organisms.

Like the previous generation, the upgraded Xenobot robot can survive in the embryonic energy store for up to 10 days and run tasks without additional energy. However, if they are kept in a nutritious “soup”, they can also run at full speed for several months.

Before, Levin introduced a wonderful description of biological robots in a TED talk, and he also described what we can learn from these biological robots. He not only described the great potential of micro-biological robots to perform effective tasks in the environment or potential therapeutic applications, but also pointed out the most valuable benefits of this research, using robots to understand how individual cells gather, communicate, and specialize to create greater The organism. This is a new model system that can provide a basis for regenerative medicine.

The researchers said that Xenobots and subsequent alternative versions are also expected to provide information on how ancient single-celled organisms evolved into multicellular organisms, as well as the origin of information processing, decision-making, and cognition in biological organisms.

Reference materials:

https://now.tufts.edu/news-releases/scientists-create-next-generation-living-robots

http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/scirobotics.abf1571

On April 14, the Hanoi Department of Education and Training opened the 5th IT Festival with the intention of attracting thousands of cadres and students to attend.

The central activity of the Festival is the exhibition of products, IT application activities, and IT solutions that have been successfully applied in schools.

Since the IT Association at the grassroots level, 2,650 IT products, 118 essays, teaching software and e-learning lectures have been selected for the City-level competition.

IT is an effective supporting tool, a means of innovating teaching methods at all levels and disciplines

This festival is an opportunity to widely introduce teachers and administrators about smart education trends.

Many online learning software help teachers and students practice and manage the training process scientifically, saving effort and working time.

Many smart educational models have been widely introduced to Hanoi officials and teachers

Hanoi will mobilize many resources to equip smart devices for teaching and learning by new methods, in the direction of stimulating creative thinking and problem solving skills of students at all levels.

Hanoi is actively investing in smart education with the goal of training the 4.0 student generation.

The festival aims to encourage learning of solutions to apply new 4.0 technologies such as artificial intelligence in classroom analysis, virtual reality applications, augmented reality, 3D simulation, STEM …

Hanoi intends to supplement investment in software for effective application in renewing teaching methods and applying smart educational models.

The 5th IT Festival provides many activities with the orientation “implementing the Digital Transformation of Hanoi Education and Training in the context of the Industrial Revolution 4.0”.