In the past few years, if you want to talk to the bank manager that the interest must be a large deposit certificate, your deposit must be more than 300,000 yuan, but now it has changed. Many banks have adjusted this situation and reduced it. Starting from June 2015, the central bank has issued a threshold of 300,000 yuan for personal deposits and 10 million yuan for corporate deposits. In June 2016, the central bank changed the threshold for personal deposits to 200,000 yuan, which is appropriate. Mediation, but the two are inseparable, and the amount of profit enjoyed is still based on the principle of multiple deposits.

Then why is the bank so good and will give you such a high interest rate? In fact, from the perspective of the bank, the increase in deposits also means the expansion of the bank’s scale and the increase of profits. In this way, a cycle is formed, and the certificate of deposit with a larger amount becomes a very important business of the bank.

In order to attract more customers to deposit money in banks, many banks are also making various “big losses”. Some banks have adjusted the interest rate of large deposit certificates to 30%, and some even reached 50%-60%. However, it is estimated that such a large gain is unrealistic without depositing it in the bank for decades. Therefore, in order to realize the real “money making money”, one must look at the large deposit certificate. You can look at a few more banks, and then compare it with The bank manager negotiates how to achieve the highest interest rate.

However, someone inside the bank revealed that if the interest rate is relatively low, you can negotiate the highest interest rate with the bank, or you can go to some small banks. They usually require deposits to settle in, and then give you a higher interest rate return. In this case, If we have 200,000 spare cash in our hands, why should we choose large deposits instead of fixed deposits?

The first reason is that the interest rate of large deposits is very high. In the same bank, the interest rate of large deposit certificates is definitely higher than the interest rate of fixed deposits. According to the standards of relevant departments, the highest rate of increase of ordinary fixed deposits is basically 30%. However, the highest interest rate for large deposit certificates is around 50%, so the gap is not small.

The second reason is that large deposit certificates can be transferred, and interest can be recorded and calculated. We all know that if there is a sudden need for money during the deposit period, then all interest will be lost, but the large deposit certificate will not. If you need money urgently, you can transfer the deposit certificate to others at a low price. The last two people can also win.

Even if you don’t want to resell, you can still enjoy deposit interest. Ordinary time deposits take a long time to get the interest, but if you have a large deposit certificate in your hand, even if you are not full, you can still get the corresponding part. For example, if you deposit for 2 years, but you still have 2 Within months, the interest on fixed deposits will cease to exist. However, a large deposit certificate can be charged for one and a half years of interest, and it can also be received. I have to say that this design is very user-friendly.

Everyone knows the last type of deposit. Nowadays, banks have six options for fixed deposits: three months, six months, one year, two years, three years, and five years. The certificate of deposit is increased according to these three types: one month, nine months and eighteen months. On the surface, there is basically no change. In fact, it has brought us more intangible benefits, so we must choose the correct method and amount of deposit! If you have 200,000 spare cash, which deposit method would you choose? What is your different view on this?

According to what plant scientists at the Missouri Botanical Garden (USA), the tiny purple-white flower that has just bloomed in their greenhouse has never been seen, at least by experts like them. In early May, Justin Lee, a gardener, was inspecting a group of Karomia gigas seedlings when he discovered a strange flower. This plant is related to mint and is native to Africa and is one of the endangered plants. Strange flower varieties Giống This flower less than 3cm long has pale purple ring-shaped petals, which slope down to form an arch connected to four white petals, with outstretched pistils. Mr. Lee said: “It doesn’t look like a mint flower. It looks like it’s upside down.” The mint family, Lamiaceae, usually has funnel-shaped flowers. Caregivers think the flowers may attract bees, butterflies and moths, but they may also be self-pollinating. Over the next few weeks, they expect more Karomia gigas flowers to bloom in the greenhouse, and instead of attracting insects, they will attract human hands trying to keep the species from extinction. When more flowers bloom, plants can cross-pollinate and have an extra chance of survival. Currently, only about 20 individuals of Karomia gigas are known in the wild in Tanzania. Roy Gereau, Tanzania project leader at the Missouri Botanical Garden, said it’s not uncommon for anyone to have seen flowers grow from this tree. Karomia gigas is a tall, straight-stemmed tree that can reach a height of 25 m, the branches grow about 13-14 m above the ground, making the flowers difficult to see. Karomia gigas is quite tall and is located deep in the forest. The tree is so rare that it does not have a common name in English, Swahili (the main language of Tazania) or the dialect of the area around the reserve where the tree was found. Of the more than 60,000 known tree species on Earth, Karomia gigas is among the most threatened and endangered in Africa. “As far as we know, there is no scientific record of the flower of this plant,” said Gereau. And now, when the trees bloom, conservationists believe they can keep them from disappearing. “In terms of extinction, this is a really, really good sign. We can make sure this plant doesn’t go away,” said Andrew Wyatt, vice president of horticulture at the Missouri Botanical Garden. There is still hope Growing this tree is a challenge. In the wild, Karomia gigas is highly susceptible to a fungal infection spread by insects. In September 2018, thousands of seeds were collected in Tanzania and brought to St. Louis, but only 100 seeds can be used for germination. The nursery also had to adjust soil texture, water availability and sunlight to mimic the East African environment in which the plants grew. Gardeners are finally able to grow the plants by letting the seeds germinate on wet paper towels (reducing the risk of infection), and then planting them in the potting soil. Currently, they have about 30 seedlings from seeds and one from cuttings. Creating a growing environment for this species is very difficult. “We’re debating whether they can bloom in a caring environment,” Mr Wyatt said. When there are only a few trees of this species left in the world, trying to save them and seeing them grow successfully is very emotional. “You will cherish every stage. They are like your children. You are like the housekeeper of these plants. You not only have a scientific connection, but also a love for them” – he Wyatt shared. Mr. Lee agrees: “They are like my children.” The flower helped scientists understand more about the plant, verifying it was classified correctly, and the shape suggested it was most likely pollinated by an insect. To date, they have not been able to tell if this flower structure is common to the species, or just a genetic mutation in the still young plant. “This single flower … may not be the usual flower form of the tree. This is the first flowering tree of fortune telling” – Mr. Gereau commented. The first flower was recorded. Most importantly, this helps ensure the survival of the tree. Botanists can take cuttings to propagate, but they will share the same DNA. Having genetic diversity will help ensure that plants can withstand harmful elements such as pests. “If crops don’t bloom, we have to depend on wild plants for seeds, and their survival is very low,” Wyatt said. While some species are able to self-pollinate, it is not clear whether Karomia gigas does. Mr. Lee tried pollinating before the flowers died, but said adding flowers from other plants would help create a new generation of plants that are genetically more tolerant. “I’ve chalked the flowers. But so far the self-pollination is still a big question mark. And this time we didn’t succeed. However, we have many seedlings left, if they bloom and pollinate. Cross-pollination is better for genetic diversity.” “Having a tree in bloom is a great start in a species recovery effort,” says endangered tree expert Emily Beech. Although not involved in the tree planting process in St. Louis, in 2016, Ms. Beech and Mr. Gereau and rangers searched for this tree in Tanzania. “When we got there, we didn’t see any sprouts in the forest, but the blossoming tree shows that there is still hope for this tree in the future,” she added. One step closer to reinvention Karomia gigas was discovered in 1977 in Kenya. When the last two trees here were cut down, scientists thought the species was extinct. Then, in 1993, several trees were discovered in Tanzania. From 2011 to present, Mr. Gereau and Tanzanian botanists have found more individuals in the wild. According to Mr. Fandey Mashimba, head of the seed department of the Tanzania Forest Service, about two dozen Karomia gigas trees still exist in the wild, in two forest reserves Mitundumbea and Litipo. These two reserves have the Miombo forest ecosystem – common in Central and South Africa. This is the habitat of wild animals such as gorillas, wild boar, wild buffalo and a small antelope called Dik-dik. While individuals studied in the native environment and one growing in St. Louis, their flowers are still a mystery. “We have a person in the nearest village to the reserve, he keeps an eye on them and will notify us when he notices the plants are about to flower,” said Mr. Gereau. However, when someone drove the long way through the forest and reached the tree, no flowers were found. “They’re in a reserve protected by the government, but a lot of people go there to get wood,” Mashimba said. The wood of Karomia gigas is compared to teak – a precious wood, so they have a high value. “We have trees that are still alive. We can make sure they don’t go extinct. Successful conservation of this species is possible. They are protected in Tanzania. We have a bunch of trees in the botanical garden. When we have enough seeds, we can store them in case.” Seedlings are cared for at the Missouri Botanical Garden, USA. Gereau said he does not want to transfer the plants yet, fearing they are too fragile to make it through the trip between the two continents, but his team will actively share knowledge with the Tanzanian government and botanists at the University of California, San Francisco. University of Dar es Salaam, which is conducting research on this plant. For now, a flower is a hopeful sign of what’s to come. The staff at the botanical garden at St. Louis was surprised when it quickly fell from the tree in less than 24 hours. “It withered and fell. I picked it up and used it as fertilizer,” said Mr. Wyatt.

A man named Ken invited two close friends to a deserted island far from the city and lived on his own for a month. Their purpose is to hide from the epidemic and explore the wild life like Robinson. Ken and his two best friends on a deserted island. Before landing on the deserted island, the 3 people prepared many tools including fishing rod, hoe, shovel, saw, tent, kitchen tools, spices and solar panels. They also carefully bought a live chicken in case they didn’t catch fish as soon as they got on the island. Arriving on a deserted island, the three of them set up their own tents, found a way to make a fire, every day went to the sea to catch grilled fish to eat, and even went to find hot water sources for a relaxing dip. When they feel bored, they find ways to entertain themselves, like exercising with weights made of driftwood, rocks, and rope. Or more simply, they blindfolded the type of fish they caught. The group of three work together to survive on the deserted island. Sometimes the group also encounters unexpected situations, such as the tent blowing up because of the strong wind, the mobile phone being soaked in water, unable to communicate. After living in the wild for a while, the three men returned to the mainland smoothly. Ken shares with everyone about his “Robinson experience”. He said the pristine life on the island gives him a feeling of excitement and eliminates the fear of contracting COVID-19, a feeling that is not possible in the city of Tokyo. Ken hopes that after the pandemic is over, he can return to the deserted island again and continue the adventure with more friends.

Like the hierarchy in a certain definition, fish sauce is a dish reserved for the class that still has many difficulties to survive. But I dimly realized that the fish house society still has its own rules and voices. The snakehead fish sauce is cooked with pork fat, sugar + monosodium glutamate + ground pepper, dipped with boiled okra or cucumber, or eaten with purple potato soup cooked with shrimp or minced meat only for the wealthy. The pot of braised fish sauce is even more remote because it is expensive when it comes to bacon, snakehead fish and silver shrimp, … I choose friends with a cup of fish sauce very early. My mother told me to buy a tamarind from her sister’s 5 Pieces, go back and eat with cold rice. Selling sour tamarind to Saigon with lots of zinc, needing to be tall, sister 5 is young but likes to eat betel nut. She’s so cute, she never takes money and keeps telling me to eat as much as I can. Mam ruoc is no longer lonely when choking fish comes to share joy and sorrow. My mother and I often sit and tear fish sauce and eat it raw with herbs, banana chips + star fruit and cold rice. Asking the elders in the West, I received the answer: the West knows how to make fish sauce from Indonesia and snakehead fish sauce is suggested by Khmer people. 2. Lost in the youth in Can Tho for 5 years and 11 months, I know Tay Do is very famous for hot pot with fish sauce, but I have never tried it, because the dish with a lot of money is only for receiving precious guests. Time has passed, it has also been windy and rainy and we know each other a lot, in my eyes, the South is the path of fish sauce and islet pot (hot pot), like a familiar saying from friends: If you don’t eat fish sauce, you are not a local West!. In my young years, I still don’t have a satisfactory answer when Chau Doc – An Giang and Ca Mau are always affectionately called “the kingdom or land of fish sauce”, but Can Tho is resounding with fish sauce hotpot. Asking the elders in the West, I received the answer: the West knows how to make fish sauce from Indonesia and snakehead fish sauce is suggested by Khmer people. Borrowing the method of making beef sauce from snakehead fish in the Ho Sea, Can Tho is the economic center of the Southern Continent, where “white rice with clear water” has created a method of fermenting fish with Vietnamese identity: using Listen to fermented roasted rice, instead of cold rice. The Khmer people are sincere and honest, but the cuisine is still entangled in the wild. Living in harmony between the two rainy and sunny seasons along the Mekong River, both the Khmer and the Southern people gradually perfect the rustic dishes from fish sauce. Khmer people in the West know how to apply more spices to make beef sauce wrapped in green banana leaves more fragrant. Snakehead fish in the pot of braised fish of the West is replaced with basa or howling fish for fatter. At that time, when I heard about the original way of fermenting beef sauce, I did not dare to eat it, not to mention the stories of weaving and adding charms from folk about the Khmer. Then I try to practice and feel very delicious! 3. The time I had a meal in Phnom Penh, it was so delicious with Prahok Kob. Mixed beef sauce with bacon + beef and dangerous chili, wrapped in green banana leaves and grilled on charcoal. Just raw cucumber, eggplant and vermicelli, mixed with fish sauce, I’m full, I don’t care about other dishes… That night, I also learned the national spirit of the Khmer people through the mouth-watering saying “No prahok, no salt”, deeply understood: without beef sauce, the meal cannot be delicious! Southeast Asian countries all have their own “country spirit”, which I have also tasted such as Ngapi – Burma, Kapi – Thailand, Trasi and Petis udang – Indonesia, Bagoong – Philippine, Belacan – Malaysia, Padaek – Laos, … In my eyes, Vietnam deserves to be the “Lord of fish”. The variety and abundance is so rich that I cannot count all the separate categories by region… 4. The rain is pouring heavily, eating fish sauce to realize the bold, honest, and innocent features of the old countryside. Processing is as easy as the identity and life of the fish, when the fish is choked with a little water, boil it to get the juice. If you want the fish sauce to be strong or light, depending on the amount of fresh coconut water you add to dilute the fish sauce. Bring to a boil again, I season to taste. Among the spices I’ve tried, for me, garlic and lemongrass are the best, so I minced them and put them in the hot pot to add extra fat. Looking at the plate of meat, everyone will be amazed, but those who like to eat fish have the same opinion: the best is to eat vegetables with fish sauce! When I cook hotpot, I think of my mother, because she foresaw my fortune: old age, no job to earn money, so I have to eat fish sauce to change day by day…

When swimming in the sea, we may encounter the dangerous phenomenon that the current is far from the shore and pulls people away. At this point you need to swim diagonally or parallel to the shore to get out of the water. Do not try to swim straight to shore. When moving in a straight line, crocodiles can run faster than humans. However, due to their short legs and long body, they are very clumsy when it comes to making sharp turns somewhere. So if you are chased by a crocodile, follow the zigzag path to escape. Being “stung” by jellyfish, the victim’s skin and body will have quite strong reactions such as allergies, nervous shock, and may be strongly poisoned. So when unfortunate encounters, it is necessary to clean the wound and remove the rest of the jellyfish tentacles, wash the wound with salt water and apply apple cider vinegar, or alcohol to the wound and then see a doctor for advice. question. The most important thing to spend the night in the forest if you get lost is a layer of ground cover to avoid getting cold at night. Bears hardly actively attack humans. So, if you happen to encounter them, step back slowly, limit eye contact and keep your distance to show that you do not intend to encroach on their territory. When in an emergency situation, do not eat snow instead of water. Because they will cool your body. At this time, the body will have to expend extra energy to keep warm. In case of helpless poverty, wait for the snow to melt and then drink water. When the oil in the pan is too hot, but the chef did not notice, the fire caught in the pan must not be extinguished with water. The most effective way is to use a large cotton cloth or use a mixture of table salt, water, and ammonia to put out the fire. If you are suddenly attacked on the road, do not try to fight back, but find a way to escape immediately, especially when the enemy has a weapon. While running, scream loudly. If the enemy attacks and causes damage to your body, find a way to hit his weak points – eyes, throat, crotch… to defend yourself. If you accidentally fall into a cold water, improve your chances of survival by crossing your arms in front of your chest, bringing your legs up to your stomach (if you have a life jacket). It is the HELP (Heat Escape Lessening Postures) position, which prevents your body from escaping too much while waiting for rescue. When there is an earthquake, the first thing to do is to lie close to the ground, get under the table. In the absence of a table, go to the corner of the room, sit against the wall and cover your head with pillows. Stay in that position until the earthquake passes, and only move if the wall is in danger of collapsing. The weak point of the shark is indeed in the nose, but it is almost impossible to attack it. So, if you are attacked by a shark, you should attack its 2 very sensitive positions, eyes and gills, much easier to hit. The best way to increase your chances of surviving an elevator crash is to lie on your back. At this time, the muscle and fat bundles in the body will become a cushion to absorb the impact force from the impact. In case you can’t lie down, at least sit down. This pose isn’t the best, but it’s also more effective than standing. When trapped in a burning building, remember this: smoke is the worst enemy, and smoke rises upward. Therefore, when moving, crouch as low as possible, crawl towards the exit door to avoid smoke. If you have a towel or a cloth (a mask is better), immediately cover your mouth to limit smoke inhalation for as long as possible. In the rainy and stormy season, it is necessary to limit to empty places, because there is nothing to make a lightning rod for you (such as tall buildings, treetops…). But if you happen to be in the middle of the field while the storm is coming, at least squat or kneel, put your head between your knees and your hands over your ears. If there is anything taller than you around, make sure to stay away from the object. In case you fall into the water and cannot get to the shore immediately, immediately take off the pants you are wearing, tie your legs together. Then swing your pants vigorously to capture as much air as possible, and then drape them around your neck. At that time, the pants will become a temporary lifeline. Please watch the video: Strange and Unique Natural Phenomena in the World. Source: Strange story VN&TG

But these days, traffic is sparse, with only occasional trucks or motorbikes passing by. The once noisy atmosphere no longer appeared. Unpleasant silence crept across India as the COVID-19 crisis erupted, partly due to local closures of factories, and partly because many people here fear infection. Contrary to that quiet, fighting activities are increasingly explosive: ambulances race to the next patient, ordinary people frantically criss-crossing the city in search of medicine, oxygen, and beds sick. After a year of relative calm, the country of nearly 1.4 billion people is grappling with a powerful last-minute storm. With the number of new cases still exceeding 300,000 per day, India regularly accounts for around 50% of all new cases worldwide. Vijayawada International Airport was bustling with only a handful of passengers, and flights were also few. (Photo: ST) Problems from tests At the end of April, in the corner of the Artemis hospital compound in Gurgaon, a man repeatedly fell and had to be helped by those around him as he stood in line waiting for an RT-PCR test. The man was seated in a chair but collapsed. He was brought to the front of the queue but was too weak to last long. As hospital staff led the man toward the main building, he resisted, pointing to an elderly man sitting in the corner. Turns out this person came here not to do an RT-PCR test for himself but for his father. Meanwhile, at the front, the doctor in charge, overwhelmed by the number of samples to be taken, shouted at a patient for breaking in. Most people in line will wait at least two hours to be checked in. And it takes at least 48 hours to get results. Crowds of testing people create congestion at facilities. (Photo: ST) Unlike the first wave that affected the elderly, the second wave made many young people sick. Middle-aged parents have to bring children with coughs and fevers to testing centers. Prolonged delays have unfortunate consequences. Without quick and reliable test results, people won’t be able to get the care they need and could end up passing the virus on to many others. Mr. Claudien Jacob understood the situation all too well. He lost his 71-year-old mother on April 29 at home in Bangalore, when she was bedridden. She was hot with fever and her oxygen saturation level gradually decreased. By the time they were able to have a lab technician come to their home to collect an RT-PCR sample, other household members had also developed typical symptoms of COVID-19. But without the test, she wouldn’t have a hospital bed. On April 29, at 7 a.m., she took her last breath. At 7:30 a.m., Mr. Jacob’s phone beeped with her test result: positive. He has yet to receive his test results. “I’m dead tired, but no one else is doing this, so I went to the cemetery. I still haven’t had time to feel that my mother is dead.” A grieving family sends off a loved one who died of COVID-19 while keeping their distance. (Photo: ST) In March 2020, during the first pandemic outbreak, India instituted a strict 21-day lockdown. While bad for the economy, this also helps expand infrastructure from hospital beds to testing facilities. The number of tests has been increased from less than 100 to more than 1.4 million per day. The number of labs doing testing has also increased from 14 at the beginning of last year to more than 2,400 this year. But that’s still not enough. Survival battle Now, it’s common for Indians to see people rushing to find the basic necessities that were always assumed hospitals would have. Never before have citizens had to hunt for oxygen as often as they do now. Looking out the window, it’s not difficult to see someone rushing with an oxygen tank on the car to bring to the patient. Hospitalization – is a matter of will, wealth, relationships and of course luck. Indians now joke that before the pandemic, people panicked when a loved one was taken to the hospital’s intensive care unit, but now they’re happy. The journey to getting a bed is like a competitive sport. Common scene on Indian streets. (Photo: ST) Survival is not easy either. People safe from COVID-19 and their families talk about loneliness and stress. Families are not allowed to see patients in COVID-19 wards or intensive care units. In absolute isolation, all one could hear was the single, heavy breathing. But anyway, they are still considered “lucky” people. Coping with trauma Outside the Old Seemapuri crematorium in Delhi, Jitender Singh Shunty, founder of Shaheed Bhagat Singh Sewa Dal – a non-profit organization – drinks his first tea at 2pm. He said he felt like fainting and had to rest despite having very little time. Mr. Shunty helped cremate unclaimed bodies and dispose of the ashes in the Hindu tradition, receiving many calls. “Yes, we will come and prepare for the funeral. Don’t worry”, he told a desperate person on the phone. He received more than 400 calls a day, and lived in the car for days. He has a fleet of 18 ambulances and has lost one driver, Arif Khan, to the pandemic. These two were rejected by 4 hospitals in one day. (Photo: ST) Ordinary men and women have become superheroes during the pandemic. A driver in Bhopal sells his wife’s jewelry to convert the car into a makeshift ambulance. Another person in Mumbai sells his SUV for 2.2 million rupees to buy oxygen tanks for everyone. In Kerala, an elderly man donated almost all of his savings of Rs 200,000 to COVID-19 relief efforts. A nursing mother in Bangalore donates breast milk to a premature baby whose mother has died from the epidemic. And it is these moments that are a temporary respite from the horror that is unfolding. A nurse cares for a child who has recently recovered from COVID-19. (Photo: ST)

In what form could life on earth end in the end? Photo: Astronomy Some scientists point out that the earliest life on Earth was born about 4 billion years ago. At that time, the Earth was continuously bombarded by space meteors, but life continued strongly. Earth’s history has seen many catastrophes, and each one is like the end of the world. Supernova explosions, asteroid collisions, large-scale volcanic eruptions, sudden climate changes … these events have claimed countless lives. During a number of mass extinction events, most of the species at that time had been wiped out. In the end, however, life still goes on. There will always be new species on Earth, and a new cycle will begin again. Although human life may be unimaginably fragile, turning the entire Earth into a barren land is not so easy. Here are some events that have the potential to wip out all life on Earth (very low probability and not happening in the near future). The impact of asteroids When an asteroid hits Earth, it releases incredible energy. 66 million years ago, an asteroid the size of a city crashed into the Gulf of Mexico and led to the extinction of the dinosaurs. At that time, all other creatures on Earth were almost wiped out. Although human ancestors were not born at that time, it may be the most important event in human history. Without the asteroid impact, dinosaurs could always be the lord of Earth, and other mammals could only exist in their shadow. According to geological records assessment, the frequency of Earth being collided by large asteroids is about 100 million years. However, smaller asteroid effects occur more often. There is even evidence that some people have died from the effects of asteroids over the past few thousand years. In 1888, in Sulaymaniyah, now in Iraq, a meteor strike killed one person and injured another. This is the earliest recorded asteroid accident. But what is the probability that Earth will be hit by a large asteroid? A 2017 study published in Nature has shown that to cause this asteroid must be large enough. Only the largest asteroids in the solar system (like Pallas and Vesta) can do this. Richard Binzel, a professor of planetary science at MIT, said even though an asteroid might one day come and destroy us, the likelihood is very low. Oxygen depletion Fossil of trilobite, one of the earliest arthropods on Earth. Photo: Shutterstock The chances of the latter being slightly higher than the previous. First, let’s go back to long history. Nearly 2.5 billion years ago, Earth went through a period known as the “Great Oxidation Event” – creating oxygen on a global scale. The increase in cyanobacteria causes a huge increase in the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere. Without this event, no oxygen-breathing animals would exist and the biological world would not have been diverse, from low-order monocytes to higher multicellular flora and fauna, including humans. However, about 450 million years ago, one of the most serious extinction events on the planet – the Ordovic -Silur mass extinction occurred. It could be due to the sudden drop in oxygen levels at that time, which lasted for millions of years. But why is this happening? During the Ordovic period, all the continents on Earth were connected to form the supercontinent Gondwana. At that time, most life on Earth existed in the ocean, but plants began to appear on land. At the end of the Ordovic period, the Earth’s climate suddenly changed, causing this supercontinent to be covered with glaciers. The sudden drop in global temperature alone is enough to cause the disappearance of many species. Then, when global oxygen levels plummeted, life on Earth experienced a second wave of extinction. Scientists can find evidence of this drastic change in sediment samples on the seabed. Some researchers believe that glaciers at that time caused a fundamental change in ocean stratification, and that the temperature and oxygen concentration of each layer of seawater differ. However, the exact cause of this significant reduction in oxygen is still being debated. Whatever the reason, more than 80% of the species on Earth disappeared during the Ordovic mass extinction. Such events happened in the past, will history repeat in the future? In fact, a recent study published in Nature Communications has shown that climate change reduces oxygen levels in the ocean, which can cause the extinction of some marine life. Gamma-ray bursts Gamma-ray bursts can originate in binary star systems. Photo: University of Warwick Gamma-ray bursts occur when a giant star dies, explodes like a supernova, and collapses into a black hole. It spits out stream of rays at the speed of light in the universe. Any planet in the path of this stream would lose its atmosphere immediately and be burned. When the gamma rays in the explosion hit the blue planet’s atmosphere, they will cause oxygen and free nitrogen atoms to collide, and some will recombine into N2O compounds, the destroyer. ozone layer. N2O is long-lived in the atmosphere, and they continue to destroy ozone until it falls to the ground through rainfall. If there was a gamma-ray explosion in the Milky Way, it could potentially cause the extinction of a large number of species on Earth. If the gamma-ray burst was aimed in the direction of the Earth, even if it lasted only 10 seconds, it would destroy at least half of the Earth’s ozone layer. Scientific research in recent decades has shown that even a small fraction of the ozone layer is destroyed enough to weaken Earth’s “natural protective layer” and cause serious problems. And if the ozone layer is depleted to a certain extent, the Earth’s food chain will be severely damaged, leading to the extinction of a large number of species. Death of the Sun. As the sun continues to age, more and more energy is released, which could eventually wipe out the oxygen in Earth’s atmosphere. Photo: Nasa A study published in the journal Nature Geoscience in March this year showed that regardless of whether or not a gamma-ray explosion occurs, in about a billion years, most life on Earth will die from lack of oxygen. A team of scientists working with NASA believes that this oxygen-rich atmosphere will not last forever. In a billion years, the activity of the Sun will cause the Earth’s oxygen levels to drop back to the levels they were before the “Great Oxidation Event”. The team describes the last moment before the Earth’s inability to support life as follows: “We find that the deoxygenation of the future is an inevitable consequence of increased heat radiation from the Sun. The exact timing of this process will be governed by the redox flow that changes between the geological mantle and the ocean-atmosphere system and the Earth’s crust. ” Conclusions are made after modeling and running simulation based on the algorithm hundreds of thousands of times. The start time and duration of this process will depend on a variety of factors, and can be as short as 10,000 years. But researchers point out that for Earth, in the end, this fate is inevitable. Fortunately, humanity still has 1 billion years left to find another way out.

In the name of technology, let the display connect everything According to Intel’s estimates, the number of global IoT devices will reach 100 billion in 2025; the global panel giant BOE said that the number of IoT ports will reach 1 trillion by 2035. When the curtain of “Internet of Everything” is gradually opened, an obvious question arises. As the key to open the door of this era, what kind of interaction should we choose? A consensus is that for a long period of time, screens are the best carriers, thanks to the natural convenience of interaction given by “visualization”. In this regard, we can see such a phenomenon: home appliance giants that hold the advantage of black electricity have shown a more active participation. Skyworth, at the head, is naturally an outstanding representative. At CITE2021, we can certainly see the attraction of Skyworth TV to many viewers. This time, Skyworth exhibited the latest OLED dual flagship. Among them, the glass-sounding 88-inch 8K OLED TV W92 was highly affirmed by the organizing committee of the conference as soon as it was unveiled, and won the “Ninth China Electronic Information Expo Innovation Award”; The representative products of the conference’s ultra-high-definition/flexible display technology have received special attention. It can be said that Skyworth OLED dual flagships are leading the industry in terms of sound and picture experience and form innovation. At the same time, relying on scientific and technological innovation, Skyworth’s exploration of display has broken through the boundaries of traditional TV. It is better to first look at the areas most closely related to the new OLED dual flagship. In the face of the rapid development trend of my country’s ultra-high-definition video industry in the 5G era, the launch of the 88-inch 8K OLED TV W92 is just a sign of a new milestone in the terminal. At CITE2021, Skyworth also exhibited its latest achievements: “5G+8K” one-stop solution, including 8K cameras, monitors, 8K Coocaa, 5G extenders, 8K and “5G+8K” TVs, etc. The front-end, cloud, transmission and terminal one-stop solution to user needs. As for the birth of the “Transformers” W82 in TV, it has benefited from the ability of self-made OLED modules (ie OBM). Skyworth, as the first domestic company with OBM capabilities, can not only make more differences in product form, but also realize automatic cost control of the entire machine, and better serve the popularization of products. Then look at the expansion of the category and the extension of the scene. Skyworth Display, which has just completed a brand new upgrade, brings 5 ​​products with harder cores and more powerful performance this time, including 484K OLED displays, 15.6 4K OLED portable displays, 240HZ high-color quasi gaming displays, etc., covering gaming games. Competitive and business office scenes; Skyworth’s full-scenario smart screen T series products, as flagship conference machines, can achieve seamless switching between Windows and Android dual systems, efficiently assisting meetings… In fact, the above exhibits should still be a small part of Skyworth’s R&D and innovative applications. Let the display connect everything, let the screen be everywhere, and then build an industrial ecology that covers content collection, editing, transmission, and display in the horizontal direction and display technology, modules, chips, and terminals in the vertical direction. This is the result of technological innovation. Skyworth is moving from a color TV brand to a technology brand. In the name of experience, use services to reconstruct the terminal Introducing high-quality terminal products and renewing the scene experience is just a small step in a smart life. The system, software, content, and service continue to iterate, the content is constantly filled, and the extension is constantly expanded. “Software and hardware integration” is a product that must adapt to the times. While industry enterprises are still passively coping with it, Skyworth is already actively seeking change. Let’s look at the performance of Coocaa Technology, which is the main body of Skyworth’s “soft-hard synergy” strategy: According to the 2020 financial report, its revenue has achieved a breakthrough of 1 billion yuan in the current period, which is also the result of maintaining a high double-digit growth rate. Behind the results, Coocaa Technology released the Unbounded System Coocaa 8 in 2020, which for the first time realized the unbounded system and unbounded service, shocking the industry. In addition, as of the end of 2020, the Coocaa system applied to Skyworth and Coocaa TV brands has covered more than 65 million smart terminals in the Chinese market. Under the guidance of “soft and hard coordination” thinking, Coocaa transformed the smart TV in the living room from a pure entertainment center to an interactive center integrating entertainment center, family education center, and control management center. Coocaa Technology, in the eyes of the outside world, has become an obvious “second growth curve” outside of Skyworth’s terminal. At the Skyworth booth at CITE2021, “soft and hard synergy” is already a brand temperament from the inside out. For example, Skyworth launched the world’s first large-screen AIoT ecological Swaiot Xiaowei Zhilian, which has the tension of “anywhere”: in terms of capabilities, it realizes the interconnection of all things with smart devices centered on large screens, which can be viewed on the TV, Control and manage Swaiot smart devices in the whole house; in terms of interconnection, it has realized “cloud-cloud interconnection” with Midea, JD.com, and Huawei’s AIoT ecosystem, with tens of millions of smart devices. The organic integration of hardware, platforms, systems, and services provides users with a complete experience. This is the integration of software and hardware, the integration of ecological resources, and the wisdom of covering all scenarios in the home that are only available to high-dimensional competitors of smart homes. From this point of view, Skyworth is moving from a terminal brand to a “soft and hard synergy” smart life solution brand. In the name of value, let wisdom be everywhere In the name of technology, color TV is not the end of Skyworth; in the name of experience, the terminal is not the end of Skyworth. In the “human migration” of digital survival, “wisdom” will eventually be everywhere, and this will be one of the directions for the extension of the value of all electronic information companies. As a representative brand of the home appliance industry, Skyworth has listed “intelligence” as one of the three strategic directions of the group earlier. Furthermore, Skyworth proposed to vigorously promote the development of the smart residential industry, where “home” is the center. , The upgrade of all-category smart home appliances, and the expansion of more future categories, are the footholds. Judging from the CITE2021 site, in addition to the OLED dual flagship, Skyworth also exhibited multiple types of smart home appliances, building a huge modern smart living ecology: The annual super flagship 8K TV box Skyworth Xiaopai Box P3 Pro, created by the team that won the Red Dot Supreme Award, is aimed at young people who have the ultimate pursuit of experience; Adopting the new BlueDrive III generation energy-saving inverter Skyworth smart air conditioner, which can achieve rapid frequency increase and fast cooling and heating, energy saving and power saving effect is 65%+ higher than the previous generation product, and the noise is as low as 18 decibels; The integrated kitchen, the newly upgraded thin mirror hood V4, and the AI ​​oil fume separation hood, left-roasting and right-steaming integrated stove, cabinet smart screen, high-value small household appliances and other new products in 2021, are planning a brand new New space for smart kitchen… In fact, Skyworth has built a complete system of intelligent human settlements from access to interaction, to content, and then to application: at the access point, Skyworth Digital’s set-top box business under Skyworth Group is a global leader, with a market share of more than ten consecutive years. Ranked No. 1 in China in 2011, and achieved extensive coverage; on the display side, Skyworth TV’s market share has been in the forefront of the industry for a long time, OLED TVs occupy half of the market, and they have considerable right to speak on the core platform of the home Internet; on the content side, cool The company has built an industry-leading unbounded operating system that aggregates massive content and services; on the application side, Skyworth is fully renewing and upgrading its business lines such as refrigerators, washing machines, air conditioners, kitchen appliances, etc., covering all scenes of life… On the whole, it should be Skyworth’s goal to put people as the center, let “wisdom” fill the details of life, and become the same “infrastructure” for water and electricity in the future. Skyworth is no longer framed by home appliances, but is making a comprehensive value leap towards the Smart Habitat brand. Digital survival, this is the torrent of the times, taking advantage of the trend, the brand leopard change, is the attitude of Skyworth. (Ding technology original, reprint must be marked “source: nail technology”)

The market is held at dawn to shine the first rays of sunlight on Cam Son (Tinh Bien, An Giang). The market serves about 500 households scattered on the Forbidden Mountain and thousands of tourists make a daily pilgrimage to the sacred high mountains. It is called a market, but the scene of trade and exchange is peaceful and full of sharing and love between vendors. Because, they all understood each other, were familiar with each other for almost their whole life on this deep mountain cloud market. It is called May market because all year round immense white clouds cover the entire mountain, mandala clouds wrap tangerines under people’s feet. Clouds are rolling dew, clouds hanging around the way … On the first day, May market appeared, Cam mountain had only about 30 roofs. The mountains and forests were still unspoiled, full of snakes and wild beasts. Having grasped the needs of daily life and food products of the households living in the sacred forest, the Cham women at the foot of the mountain bravely carried the goods to sell. May market space encapsulates at the foot of Vo Bo Hong on Cam Mountain. It is also a hard journey to have the bustling sales of goods on May market. Every morning, when dawn was not yet dawn, the business partners had to squirm themselves to climb the mountain. Buyers call it going to the market, but to the sellers, they call it “market climbing”. From the foot of the mountain to the top, May market has 3 sub-points, namely Bai Teo junction, Trai Hom junction and Truong Truong junction. Here, sellers take advantage of resting feet, wiping sweat and serving a few roofs halfway up the slope. Here, there is no concept of defiance. Throughout the fair, there was no more or less haggling. Buyers happily withdraw their money, sympathy for the pain of bringing “market” up the mountain of women and sisters. The path to May market is nearly 10 kilometers long, winding, meandering with successive slopes, cliffs ready to unravel, rolling stones, dark, smoking abyss. Double optical burden, how many years have passed, the day is as fresh as when driving the ball is still a product, a certain weight. A special feature of May market is that it does not sell wildlife like many other mountain markets. They sell simple and familiar products from the mountains and forests such as bamboo shoots, bamboo shoots, chayote, cold rice … Every market has its own rules, at May market, whoever sells any product, is always loyal. With it, buyers are just waiting for their acquaintances to buy. If someone impersonates the May market selling counterfeit goods, it will be immediately discovered and boycotted. Even though it was a business, evil wouldn’t exist in this place. Cho May only holds meetings within 2 hours. Those who have stock will continue to carry to sell along the rock canyons, the paths leading to each house, hiding behind the canopy of the forest. Just like that, their feet ran until they ran out of stock before they returned home. People in May market have a song: “Bring dawn in the morning, bring sunset in the afternoon”. Struggling to make a living At 5:00 in the morning, from Van Linh Pagoda, we heard the resounding voices of greetings coming from May market. The scene of trading in the mist, beside Thuy Liem Lake, at the foot of Vo Bo Hong is like a place in the middle of a fairy tale. The earliest person to go to the market was probably Mrs. Neàng Say La (62 years old). At that age, Mrs. Say La was still diligent every day, persisting with the load of boiled cassava. With her head wrapped in a bandana, wearing a jaggery-braided hat, Say La attracted me and any other crossroads while walking around May market. Her sweet potatoes were hot and smelly, mingling the aromas of the typical soil, rock and water of the Forbidden Mountains. This fish will sell from dawn until sunset. Mrs. Say La was born and lived most of her human life on the top of Thien Cam Son. Her life, the number of times going down the foot of the mountain can only be counted on the fingers. She had never known a city or town in her own region. She said she felt lost in the street, very strange, preferring to live in the mountains. She has been selling goods at May market for only ten years. Previously, she lived with her father on the top of Vo Bo Hon, specializing in collecting free medicines for people in the Forbidden Mountain area. From the day of her father’s death, she moved to a small house at the foot of the Maitreya Buddha statue living quietly with boiled sweet potatoes. Whoever buys as much as she also sells, but at most only 10 thousand dong. Whoever buys more, she smiles and says: “If you eat more, I will give you, no more money”. Her goods are only about 2 hours before they are finished. She turned her burden back, her back cuffs bent to the ground, her stray steps in the wind, for a moment was hidden in the mist. A familiar image at May market is a woman’s pair. Mrs. Neàng Thanh Sao (45 years old) said in a sigh, but did not forget to smile at ease with the profession that has been with her for nearly 20 years. She confided that in rainy days, the way to the Forbidden Mountain was slippery, her Lao sandals were worn out, easy to slip off, she took off her sandals with bare feet, had to press all 10 toes into the rock. Each time she fell to her knees, still trying to balance her load. In times of not being able to support it, both the body and the burden rolled to the ground, cutting them out. People on the mountain see vegetables covered with mud, the more they love, the more they buy. During her pregnancy, Ms. Sao still regularly climbed the market without skipping any session. Also fell, also slipped to the ground, but luckily, the god of the mountain, the god of the forest, loved the child in peace until the day of birth. Ms. Sao said happily that many women who climb mountains are extremely easy to give birth. She gave birth to 3 children, so naturally, none of them had to go to the hospital. This, Ms. Neang Kim San is a living witness. A lifetime of burden of rain 52 years old, Ms. Neang Kim San is still tough, persistent with the profession of “market climbing”. Quang’s burden is always heavy with tea and fruit cakes. In the army, Ms. Kim San belongs to the ranks of village elders with more than 30 years of age. That day, Kim San just got married, had little land, no job, and a poor life. Her husband went to Cambodia to fish, so he was engrossed in the country of Bien Ho, leaving his wife alone and hungry. Tried to do a few things such as collecting water hyacinth, picking crazy flowers in the flooding season but erratic, with no meals, she asked the sisters in the village to let them learn the profession “climbing the market”. Fruits are carried from the foot of the mountain to sell. She chose to sell sticky rice, tea, and bread, because these items are easy to get, popular with all households, and are rare goods in the mountains. In the early days, she felt like her legs fell off, her shoulders were purple, and she hurt her bones. The first week, she was carrying and crying so hard, she just wanted to give up. The sisters encouraged them, each took some of the goods, and together they sold them to help. Sisterhood “climbing the market” has revived her spirit. Every time her husband returns, Mrs. Kim San becomes pregnant. Her first child, she climbed the mountain until the day of birth. After giving birth exactly 1 month, she continued to go up the mountain, her shoulders weighed more goods, her anxiety increased a few parts. Children at home are hungry and cry, the mother is filled with chest tightness, she wants to suffocate. Looking at her, the sisters and brothers were so desperate to sell all of them, and yet they shared them so that she could quickly return to breastfeed. This child has just finished weaning, she is pregnant again. Why are you poor but give birth so much? Brothers and sisters are shy. She said, I miss it, just give birth to this child. But, come on, the 3rd and 4th continue to be born. She gave birth easily, simply and had something miraculous that could not be explained. Ms. San said that when she was 6 months old when she was pregnant with her third child, she fell down a cliff about 10m when she got stuck on a tree. At that time it was still foggy, the visibility was no more than 2m. The left wheel was splashed everywhere, losing both of them to the cliff. Sisters go together in panic to save each other. Pulling her up, her limbs were only scratched on the skin, the rest was unharmed. They quickly called a motorbike taxi to take her down the mountain. Mrs. San came home, felt normal and felt normal, so she did not go to the hospital anymore. The next day, she went to the market again from 3 am. By the ninth month, her pregnant belly surpassed her face and her legs were swollen, but she was still working hard. Going too much, working hard, the baby in the belly “emerged” 10 days earlier than planned. That day, Ms. San got up at 2 am, preparing to take care of the mountain trip, suddenly felt abdominal pain, then ruptured amniotic fluid. Before the midwife arrived, the child was born. Mrs. Kim San’s children were growing up like that, but none of them were sick. She always thinks, children come to me is predestined, to be with me is debt. 34 years old, Kim San is the mother of 4 children. She honestly said that if her husband did not leave to get another wife to find a son, she would probably still give birth. At the age of 44, Mrs. Kim San became a grandmother. The eldest daughter soon “broke the burden” in the middle of the road, then left her two grandchildren behind for her grandmother to take care of. She accepted all, hugged everything in her arms. In this life, she is willing to make sacrifices for her children and grandchildren, according to her philosophy of life.

Along the S-shaped strip of land with more than 11,409.1km of coastline, the livelihoods of fishermen are always very hard. Mr. Nguyen Gia Vien (An Vinh island commune, Ly Son island district, Quang Ngai – owner of the boat QNg-96111TS) is a veteran fisherman and has a reputation for “killing fish” of Ly Son land. Only 45 years old, but he has nearly 30 years of clinging to the sea, of which 20 years as a captain of a fishing boat specializing in fishing at Hoang Sa and Truong Sa fishing grounds and owns a fleet of three large-capacity fishing vessels. His grandfather’s life was associated with the sea, his father’s life was associated with the sea, then he also grew up from trips like this. Mr. Vien said: “In the life of our ancestors, we went to sea by small old ships but still reached Hoang Sa and Truong Sa. Their ships are bigger, more people are equipped with more advanced equipment, they must reach out further. Despite storms and storms, the sea still goes out to sea without a day’s rest. Behind me is the rear. Also the family and the country! “. To have sea trips like this, he has worked hard for many years, in 2000, he bought 3 ships to sail, officially becoming the mainstay of his family. A corner of Ly Son Island. “Anh Vien has a knack for finding flocks of fish, so he always wins. Many other boat owners complained about the loss of capital, but with photos, each year, a fisherman like me is divided between 40-60 million VND. He is also a boat owner who has a heart for the sea “, said a fisherman on the boat Mr. Vien said. Nearly 30 years of clinging to the sea, clinging to ships with dozens of times facing great waves to save fishermen in distress, the reward for him is to regain the fisherman’s life from the hands of the water god, glasses of thanksgiving with many certificates of merit and certificates of merit from all levels and functional branches awarded. Many people jokingly call him Vien “inoc” because he can swim and dive under bone-cold water for many hours. Mr. Vien is one of the fishing boat owners who should work in Ly Son. Each year, with 3 fishing boats practicing lead net, he earns tens of billions of dong. On board, he equipped with many modern means to serve fishing. Mr. Vien confided: “This ship has a capacity of 450 CV, so it only takes 17 hours to run from Ly Son to Hoang Sa. The other fishermen’s ships took 2 days and 2 nights to arrive. Having fish is happy but without fish is sad. Although it is extreme, you still have to stick to the job, you can also bear it with any hard work. Going to the sea not only does business but also protects the sovereignty of the sea and islands of the Fatherland. That is the responsibility of our fishermen! ”, He said as the boat was turning its nose back to Ly Son island in the middle of dawn. And Mr. Tan, another fisherman on Ly Son Island, confided: “Life is tied to the sea, rich and poor are also caused by the sea. In the past, it only took a few laborers to go to the sea to support the whole family, now the whole family goes to the beach not enough to eat. But, if you are hungry, you must come out! “. The sea also gave him a high-rise house with expensive equipment, and the children were allowed to go to school. Mr. Tan also lends capital to many fishermen to buy fishing gear. To the people here, he is not only a brave fisherman but also a kind neighbor, a model both at sea and on land. Looking at the flag on the ship, fishermen like Mr. Vien and Mr. Tan all whispered that when they came to Hoang Sa they could understand how the national flag and soul of the Fatherland were sacred. It is the Fatherland Flag that has given fishermen the strength to overcome storms, natural disasters and human ears, firmly clinging to the sea. Every time of danger in the ocean, looking up at the flag is like seeing our Fatherland and our people by our side. Sometimes during the fishing journey, fishermen’s ships have to carry some national flags so it is necessary to replace as soon as the gambling is stained or the wind is torn, to ensure that the flag on the roof of the ship is always crimson. , fresh. The Fatherland is sacred, the Fatherland Flag is the place where fishermen reach out to convey their beliefs and dreams. Despite the storms and dangers, but for them, the Fatherland is forever! Ly Son garlic specialty. One man happily boasted: “Do you see our island is beautiful? Is it worth being called a tourist paradise? ”, We nodded, he went out in the afternoon very well. He said, the main job on the island is just growing garlic, going to the beach and doing tourism. We have seen travel stories. What about going to the beach? “If you don’t go to the sea on an island, you are not an islander,” he said. Here, most of them are followers of the sea career, some 4-5 generations already! The sea is one with us! ”. Then he led us to the old fishermen who lived a lifetime in the sea. For the people of Re Island (another name of the big island of Ly Son), doing tourism is a profession belonging to the “royal court” compared to the seafaring profession, but only a few decades ago, still before. There, from the old to the children, all use the bow of the ship to make a living. When the sun had reached the roof of the West slope, we were happily sitting and chatting with the elders in the seafaring profession of this island, the side of the rice tray was also full of marine products. The elders who are in the age of “tri heaven” tell us about going out to sea the day before and feeling cold in their spine. Because in the old days, boats went wild and could not be compared to now. They are mainly sailing boats with the wind, yet the elders reached out to the “golden sand” (Hoang Sa) beach to catch them. Old fisherman Le Luong (77 years old) takes a full sip of wine and leisurely tells the story of his voyage nearly 20 years ago. That time, there were 6 nets on the old Luong boat, each arm was nearly kilometer long, but only 5 people. When they discovered large fish schools near Hoang Sa, people hurriedly released their nets and then rested for midnight to visit the net. At midnight, 1 person stayed in the boat, and 4 people divided into 2 baskets, following the edge of the net. Regardless of the storm, no one can contact each other, trying to cling to the buoy to keep the boat from being blown away by the wind. The lights of the storm went out, in the middle of the night, we struggled to save their lives, each of us struggled with the storm, with hunger for a whole day and night, then old fisherman Le Luong was thrown into the sea, morning After being rescued by a friend ship in the sea … Quang Ninh. And the people on the boat with him lost their breath. After a few days on a friend’s boat, the old man bought a train ticket to Quang Ngai, then boarded the boat to the island. That journey took exactly 10 days. When I got home, I found that the fishermen’s relatives were doing the rituals for us. When asked that, the friend on a basket in the storm drifted into the estuary of Da Nang, then came back and announced that he was missing in the middle of the sea during a thunderstorm night. Therefore, villagers in the fishing village and their family perform a burial ceremony, build a doll and prepare to be a wind tomb. Whoever doubts the old man will return, rejoice in the suspicion of smoky incense that day. Then, after that time, the old man went to the sea with his fishing friends, but now he cannot remember how many more trips. There are many other stories of old fishermen sitting around us, which cannot be fully told. When the wine of the old fishermen is coming to revival, the sea of ​​dark clouds comes. No one told anyone, as fast as a squirrel, the old fishermen of that age had stepped on the rocky edge of the water, the piles, the people pulling the ropes, brought the boats close to the shore to avoid being hit by the waves. Mr. Nguyen Quoc Chinh, Chairman of An Hai Commune Fisheries Union – Ly Son shared about the work that the fishing union is actively doing to help fishermen of this island: “Ly Son is an island to spend money. Country. The only job of the people is fishing and seaweed processing. People for generations just stick with the sea because the sea is a source of life that brings a piece of rice and money to school for children to go to school. However, fishing also brings losses and grief that cannot be compensated in kind. However, the salty taste of the sea has seeped into every grain of land, the people here, so clinging to the sea is an unchanging belief! ”. On the island money spent Brave fishermen of many generations have passed since ancient times, despite knowing the danger always lurking in the sea, perhaps for them, the salty taste of the sea is part of the inseparable flesh and blood. the crashing waves on the side of the boat were part of a sparkling hope. So even though many generations have been permanently lying in the ocean, people still look towards the sea. Every year, on March 16 of lunar calendar, the people on the island solemnly hold a ceremony to honor the posture of Hoang Sa soldiers to commemorate and pay tribute to the soldiers of the old Hoang Sa Squadron who bravely sacrificed and forever lying in the sea. The people and authorities on the island district have built up wind graves and set up the temple “Am Linh Tu and the tomb of soldiers of Hoang Sa”, which is the place to worship Hoang Sa soldiers and soldiers, Bac Hai, and “witnesses”. live ”is an important historical evidence proving Vietnam’s sovereignty over the Hoang Sa archipelago. The fishermen on the island prepare to fish at night. Compared to other festivals of the fishermen in the Central region, the Hoang Sa soldiers’ stance ceremony not only stops at the value of spiritual beliefs, but above all is an opportunity for the children of the country to express their gratitude to the mother of the East Sea. . The strange attraction of the festival is not only its rituals, rituals, practices, folk festivals but also its deep community meaning and value. The hot sun dissipates in the gentle waves that clap against the white sand. In the distance, there is a glimpse of fishing boats letting go of nets. Currently, the population of Ly Son island is more than 21,000 people. They remain with this land from generation to generation. Not because of the temptations around but leaving the homeland. The people here are always trying their best to study, strive and bring their strength to the development of their homeland. Life here is also quite prosperous now. The 2-3-storey houses have sprung up, cable TV is used by many households, there is a school for children on the island to come to class and a lot of facilities are built to serve people’s lives. . The life of the residents here is no different than on the mainland, there are spacious restaurants, 3-star hotels to serve tourists, bustling music cafes, market for all kinds of hammer, but most still. garlic and seafood species such as abalone, shrimp and fish. Except for seafood, other items are priced higher than the mainland because of the distance by the sea but not too expensive. The peaceful night of the island, only the waves crashing onto the rocky rapids, like the lullaby of the ancient sea. The island crouched in sleep after a day of welcoming guests. In the distance, the light of squid fishing boats shimmering like flocks of fireflies flickering in the thick black sea. Standing between the earth and the sky and the vast sea like that, you can see that your country is extremely beautiful. I kept on talking about the vitality of people in the first wave. They are the lights on the sea of ​​money to spend, to keep the sea and sky the country for many generations.

The apocalypse has arrived! That’s what happened in the movie Love and Monsters . An asteroid about to hit the Earth, humans launched rockets to destroy it, and succeeded. But as if fate had decided, the end of the world did not come one way, it had to come another way. “Love and Monsters” is set in a post-apocalyptic world. The chemicals used to build rockets exploded onto the ground like rain and changed the cold-blooded animals. They suddenly become giant and eat humans easily. In the past to kill a cockroach, one only needed a shoe, but now a whole tank might be needed and it might still not work. “Don’t be in peace, even in the end of the world!” Amidst the post-apocalyptic setting, the protagonist Joel Dawson is certainly not the typical hero model. Lovely but inexperienced, he has absolutely no survival skills. The crossbow shooting technique was almost hopeless, the direction was poor, and if there was a serious problem, he froze both his mind and his limbs. This is a … crab! Cold-blooded creatures mutated abruptly on the ground, so for safety Joel lived in a cellar with a few other survivors, for seven years. But one Joel-out-is-dead-probably decided to leave that safe place to go find his girlfriend in high school. That hurricane trip forged Joel. Truly things that don’t kill you will make you stronger. In the end, he was a braver, wiser, more capable person who knew when to run away and when to fight. Things that don’t kill Joel will make Joel stronger. Man is not born to be lonely Love and Monsters paints a post-apocalyptic world, but it is just too cute. The film has overcome the typical gloom of films in the same setting. Joel brings humor, joy but at the same time brings pain of loss, loneliness in the now lonely world. The disaster caused Joel, like many others, to lose loved ones and friends, to live in underground bunkers for many years. Even a robot can make the world less lonely. The old world was gone, part of Joel’s life was gone. Joel now has to live in the cellar, when it is time to go outside, only to stumble, fall again, fall forever. 7 days wandering on the ground dozens of times almost lost their lives. But a fool has the merit of being a fool, Joel receives unexpected help when he needs it most. It was a dog that kept the former owner’s dress. A robot with artificial intelligence. “Survivor” Clyde is brave, seasoned and sharp, 8-year-old Minnow. All of them taught Joel the knowledge of the new world, trained him in his skills, talked to ease his loneliness, and most usefully – gifted a grenade to the toughest beast at a time of danger. . Joel was a companion dog. And learned in theory and practice by an old person, a child who is a “survival expert”. Love and Monsters stresses the human need to connect, questioning how far one will go to find it, despite the dangers that may exist on the journey. Because we’re not made to be lonely. You always have a talent to surprise the world Joel is always left behind by the siblings living with him when he goes out in search of food, because Joel can not only endanger himself but also his teammates with negative survival skills. Joel’s talent is to draw, he has been drawing for the past seven years. But what effect does drawing have in the post-apocalyptic world? But there is! Joel shot the crossbow so badly that the “teacher” almost gave up. Joel painted the monsters he met, the strange plants, added captions such as features, features … In the end, that book became a useful survival guide for everyone. They could know which beasts were dangerous, which monsters could be friends, what edible plants, which poisonous fruits … Maybe Joel didn’t become the usual “hero”, but he became a who inspired everyone to live happier in the midst of the apocalypse. But she is the best-seller of the book of apocalyptic survival handbook. Love can change, but it can also return Seven years have passed since the disaster, Joel is 24 years old this year, but he still misses his girlfriend Aimee – who is in another bunker. Joel maintained contact with Aimee over the radio, and then one day decided to go see Aimee even though it was unsafe. If the world is already the end of the world, why should we still live without love? Joel fell in love with an Aimee seven years ago. Before starting the trip, Joel should have asked Aimee, “I’m coming to see you, are you as excited as I am?” Because seven years have passed, everyone is different, including Aimee. But it is hard to blame Joel when he is too naive and romantic. When tragedy strikes, Joel is just a teenager and Aimee is Joel’s sweet (and only) first love. Joel’s apocalyptic social relationship was so poor, there was only one cow and one robot that was no longer active, and everyone else had a couple. Seven years has forged a very different Aimee, Joel must also grow up. Time was different, the world was different, of course Aimee and her love were also different. After overcoming his initial feeling of disappointment, Joel understood that that was what had to happen, and this desperate journey was still worth it in the end. And when Joel matured, that was the time when love returned.

People in the fishing village (Lake Ea Sup Lower) go fishing Oasis Looming behind the green-covered mountain, more than a hundred small wooden houses located at the foot of the mountain facing the immense water surface of Lower Ea Sup Lake (Ea Sup town, Ea Sup district, Dak Lak province). In the afternoon, the wind was cold, the garden of green trees hugged the lake bed, fishermen’s boats drifted … The households here have migrated from the West, most of them do not have arable land, live mainly by fishing. Everyday, people hire what they do. Mr. Nguyen Van Hung has worked as a fisherman here for more than a decade. People in this neighborhood all drifted away from the West to live by fishing, catching crabs and snails. Fish is the main source of income for each family. Around 3-4 pm, people get on boats to let go of their nets, and around 4-5 am the next morning to remove their nets. “Living in close attachment to the lake bed for more than ten years, although the fishing is sometimes less, life is still fun. Subtracting all the expenses for a day I still have about 2-3 hundred thousand VND left. In the Central Highlands there are few places where there are fish like this Ea Sup Lake ”, Mr. Hung said. The road to Lake Ea Soup is boiled with the smell of dried fish. On the porch of the solidly built house, Mr. Phung Van Thanh (SN 1968) quickly smashed each fish on a thin net. He shared that life outside Binh Dinh was difficult, so the family immigrated here to make a living for more than ten years. The new land has inclement weather, sand and sand, so that it is difficult for agriculture to take care of family life. Lake Ea Soup upper and lower volume of water year round, so there are many types of fish. People living around the lake, at first thinking of earning a few fish to improve their meals, who thought this was the main income, each day a family also earns hundreds of thousands of dong. Hunching over, the batch of fish dried on a woven net that was carefully shaded in the sun, he said, each day he and his wife pulled about 20-30 kg of fish, after drying, people came to buy them at home. The fish is clean and the quality is delicious, so they love it. The fishermen live and stick in this lake bed through the rainy season, the source of fisheries is extremely important. They only catch fish by traditional means using canoes, nets, fishing rods. This is a non-destructive fishing method that nurtures aquatic resources, so that people can have a long-term attachment to the fishing profession. Several dozen households for a living by fishing on the Buon Tua Sah hydroelectric lake (Krong No commune, Lak district) are familiar with the name of the fishing village. This small fishing village was established in 2009, when some people in the West came to work in fishing. They build boats, build houses right on the water. Every afternoon, people row out to sail away to release nets, light up the lights to chase fish late at night, early in the morning, dream up and remove fish in time to sell to traders. Mr. Hoang Van Dung (from An Giang) shared: “This job is very precarious, we can still work on normal days, but when it rains and storms, we are hungry. The family’s piece of rice looks forward to the net batches every night ”. The floating life on the river made many children drop out of school halfway. Hoang My Quyen had to quit school since 7th grade, stood a stall selling dried fish to passersby, and shared: “On a lucky day, I sold a few hundred thousand, but one day I could not sell any weight of fish. Here children only learn to be literate ”. People rowing boat picking lotus mirrors Quietly making a living Ms. Le Thi Hien, a resident of the lake bed, said that the fishing profession had to wake up early, sailing up the lake to drop the net. On average, each fishing trip, they collect 10-15kg of fish, mainly tilapia, snakehead (also called fruit fish), goby … Each month, they earn 4-5 million VND. Fishing is becoming more and more difficult because it depends on the weather. Far in the middle of Lake Ea Sup, three or four people were diving in the water. Mrs. Pham Thi Thuong held a bunch of lotus flowers from the lake, her whole body soaked with the smell of mud. Washed hands, took bread to hang from the fast food truck, she said: “In the morning I have to fast to soak in the water to pick the lotus, because if I eat it, it will make my stomach hard to wade. The work of picking lotus lotus must be skillful and gentle to avoid the broken lotus. The pickers had to dive for several hours in the water, crawling to the lotus root ”. According to Mr. Phung Van Thanh, who has worked for more than 10 years with fishing in Ea Sup Lake and Lower Lake, here fishing gives people a high and stable income. This is the freshwater fish production area of ​​the province. Fish are sold in the locality and other provinces such as Saigon, Binh Duong … She also did not remember how many years she had been following this profession of picking lotus lotus, only remembering every year in May she went to the lake to pick it up and sell it. In the season, early in the morning, she leaves home and leaves until noon from 11-12 o’clock. Every day, I can find a lot of lotus flowers, pick more than 10 bunches, sell 15 thousand dong / bunch. In this district, each time the family welcomes guests away from home, they buy them to make rice shrimp salad, which is both delicious, nutritious and easy to process. Many people put large quantities of sour salt to eat. In the afternoon in the border district, the sun is hotter, the heat is directly in the face, Mr. Le Hoang Tien, a resident of the lake area, prepares his equipment to board the boat. He said he and his wife often pick a lotus mirror and have to row a boat to a new deep water area, where the water is low and small. The mirror to be picked about is divided into two, the one that leaves the mirror intact and the one that separates the lotus seeds. Most customers choose the cup available. Sen in the main season, each day he and his wife can harvest more than 30kg for 30,000 VND / kg. “Many people in Buon Ma Thuot city often ask acquaintances here to buy old lotus seeds and peel them to dry them for long-term preservation. Sometimes picking is not enough for them to buy. Here, life is hard, but there are jobs to make money. In the evening, fish nets are released, while in the lotus season, picking and watching lotus in the daytime, ”Mr. Tien said.

In old Hanoi, sitting on the sidewalk, only coffee shops opened by the French. The old photos show that. But this is again a habit passed from the old country. Until now in Europe, coffee on the sidewalk was normal, not encroaching on but hired by a decent and licensed government. In Hanoi, Le Van Huu street is bordered on Lo Duc, a section of the sidewalk has an empty wall. Watches are hung up there to sell. The wall is slightly recoiled in comparison with other houses to create a small space of about 1 m and adding a small glass cabinet with wristwatches is a livelihood. And tea (tea) cups on the sidewalk. In front of hospital gates, this form was very popular. A corner of the wall, a three-level steps are the citadel, toad shops. Or on the corner of Ngo Thi Nham street, close to Mo market, there is a row of rolls. A few large baskets are displayed, small plastic chairs spread anywhere by the wall, and you can sit and enjoy a rustic gift. This gift must have been around for 30 years on that street corner. Just giving a few typical examples, but in Hanoi, the sidewalk economy is probably a characteristic feature of popular life. city”. Hanoi has a functional zoning plan for the four old inner city districts. A plan a bit slow compared to the history and development of a thousand-year-old civilized capital, but it is later than indecisive nagging. In this plan, it is expected that there will be some calculation for the sidewalk in its economic use function. In fact, the culture on the sidewalk is not a bad culture, it’s just how we manage it to improve civilization. Because planning cannot be separated from economy and society, it is organic entities together.

On April 22, Beijing time, this season’s Super League Group B officially kicked off in Suzhou. In a game at the Kunshan Sports Center, Tianjin Jinmen Tigers 1-6 defeated Shanghai Harbour, which was also the second tragic loss in the history of the Super League. The league started after Shanghai SIPG had beaten Dalian Yifang 8-0 at home. However, from the perspective of the scene, the lower limit of the league shown by Tianjin Jinmen Tigers this season will only be lower. Starting from 70 minutes in the second half, Shanghai Haigang began to replace three foreign attackers. If it were not for the mercy of Shanghai Haigang, Jinmen Tigers’ The goals conceded are likely to be in double digits.

The goal of the Tianjin Jinmen Tigers in this game is to lose less when they lose. Yu Genwei, who served as the head coach of the Super League for the first time, has a 541 formation. A certain effect was achieved in the first 20 minutes, but due to the lack of systematic training of the players, more than 30 minutes later, many Jinmen Tigers have experienced a sharp decline in physical fitness. The Tianjin team’s defense immediately became full of loopholes, relying on Oscar’s two feet. Pass in seconds, the harbor led by 2 goals in the first half. In the second half, the harbour opened the game, scoring 4 goals in 10 minutes from 47 to 57 minutes of the game, expanding the score to 6-0.

With the expansion of the score, the game has lost the significance of the competitive level. When Anautovic scored the sixth goal for the team, the Harbour players did not even have the excitement after scoring, just stepped forward gently. High five to celebrate. In the last minute of the game, the Tianjin team took advantage of a counterattack opportunity to score a face-saving goal by foreign aid Iloki, with this ball to save a trace of face.

From the technical statistics after the game, the possession rate of Haigang reached 73%, while the possession rate of Tianjin Jinmenhu was only 27%, and the number of shots by Haigang was as high as 22 times. Jinmenhu only had a pitiful 3 times. From the perspective of the offenses completed in the game, the harbor completed 164 offenses and created 96 dangers, while the Jinmen Tigers only completed 67 offenses, and only 16 offensives that created a certain threat were made. No matter from which point of view, this is not a level of league contest.

It is difficult to give more criticism to the Tianjin Jinmen Tigers’ fiasco. Before the official start of the league, this team only trained for less than three weeks. Correspondingly, the club’s five-month “disorder” If it were not for the forced “resurrection” on March 28, Tianjin Football would have bid farewell to the Super League territory.

After cleaning up the remaining strength of Tianjin TEDA, the current Jinmen Tigers can only meet the registration requirements of the Super League in terms of numbers. Many of the new forces the club has added in the transfer market have not experienced systematic winter training. Two foreign aid central defenders, Kadar, played for Shandong Luneng last season and are considered to be of average level, while former foreign aid Iloki played for Sichuan Youbixuan last season, and was subsequently loaned to Suzhou Soochow by Youbixuan on a temporary loan. In May, although he scored a goal in this game, he is basically only a foreign aid at the level of China. Jinmen Tigers starting forward Li Xiang, although he came from TEDA youth training, but did not represent TEDA’s record in the Super League. Before that, he had been mixed in low-level leagues such as China A and China B.

Such a lineup, don’t mention the Super League, in the eyes of many insiders, I am afraid that the competitiveness is not as good as that of many Chinese A teams. Although Tianjin Football ultimately retained the Chinese Super League qualification “dramatically”, with such a team, how to survive in the Chinese Super League deserves outside attention. Last season, Tianjin Teda did not have a win in the 14th round of the league, but using the special format, it was lucky to be relegated in the knockout stage. This season, if the Tianjin Tianjin Tigers cannot introduce strong support in the second transfer window, their overall performance will only be better than last season’s TEDA. More tragic.

Although the head coach Yu Genwei affirmed the team’s fighting spirit after the game, the current situation of the team may be difficult to change in the short term. The “resurrected” Tianjin Jinmen Tigers has greatly refreshed the lower limit of the Chinese Super League, and this has an impact on the overall trend of the league. I am afraid it will also have a profound impact. (Sohu Sports Pei Li)

President Moon told The New York Times: “I hope Mr. Biden will become the historic president to take a substantial and irreversible step forward for complete denuclearization and reconciliation. vase on the Korean peninsula “. Mr. Donald Trump and Mr. Kim Jong-un met in Singapore in June 2018. Photo: The Straits Times Referring to the former US president, Mr. Moon said: “Mr. Trump has handled the roundabout and cannot be successful in this regard. The most important starting point for both governments is to have goodwill to dialogue and face to face with each other soon “. Moon also urged the United States to cooperate with China on North Korea and other issues, and warned that if tensions between the two world economic powers intensify, North Korea can take advantage of the situation. North Korean leader Kim Jong-un and South Korean President Moon Jae-in at the border between the two countries in 2018. Photo: Reuters The US-North Korean talks and the unprecedented diplomatic interaction between Trump and Kim quickly deteriorated after the two countries failed to reach a substantive agreement on denuclearization and sanctions lifted. After Mr. Biden took office, North Korea quickly rejected efforts to restart negotiations and warned the US should refrain if “wants to rest for the next four years”. North Korea also conducted its first major weapons test since Mr. Biden took office in March by firing two ballistic missiles into the sea.

However, there are also royal descendants who get caught up in the realization difficult. They struggled to make a living with jobs from taxi drivers to apartment cleaning. Many people are concerned about the “burden” of titles and titles, but there are also lineages that have been completely forgotten after many centuries. Palace for rent Maharaja Padmanabh Singh (born 1998) is the 303th descendant of the royal family in Jaipur (India). Currently India does not recognize the royal title, but the old royal family in this country is still respected by the people. Although not in real power, Padmanabh Singh is still commonly known as “king”. According to the Business Insider Padmanabh Singh can hold hundreds of millions of dollars. The Jaipur family is known for their huge wealth, estimated from $ 696.7 million to $ 2.8 billion. Maharaja Padmanabh Singh has rented out City Palace since 2019. Photo: Instagram NV. In 2019, Padmanabh Singh decided to rent out a room in the family’s City Palace on Airbnb for nearly $ 8,000 / night. City Palace (Jaipur, India) is the royal palace built in 1727 by Jai Singh II, the head of the royal family in Jaipur city, Rajasthan (India). Previously, this palace only welcomed the royal family and special guests such as the late Princess Diana, former US President Bill Clinton, MC Oprah Winfrey … “I am honored that my family is working with Airbnb to showcase the magnificence of Rajasthan to visitors. I hope I can share the hospitality of the Indian people with everyone,” said Padmanabh Singh. Padmanabh Singh is also known as a model since 2018. He appeared on the covers of many famous fashion magazines and was the first royal descendant to participate in the Dolce & Gabbana show in Milan. year 2018. Taxi driver, apartment cleaning Tengku Indra (67 years old) is one of the Singaporeans who also has a name containing the honorific Tengku, meaning prince or princess in Malay. He is descended from the 19th century king – Sultan Hussein Shah – who ceded control of the lion island nation to the British. Royal descendants of Singapore are praying beside their ancestors’ tombstones. Photo: Reuters. Today, not many people even know the existence of the sultan lineage. Until the beginning of this century, some descendants still lived in the palace left by their ancestors. However, they soon moved away when the Singapore government turned the palace into a museum. “It doesn’t matter if you are a descendant of the royal family, but you have to live your life based on talent and virtue instead of enjoying an ancestral title,” Indra said. Tengku Faizal (43) said that after leaving the palace in 1999, he took a job cleaning in an apartment and was teased as “the prince of garbage disposal”. Currently, he works as a taxi driver and struggles to make a living, despite receiving financial support to cover the cost of caring for his daughter. To help out, his wife took a part-time job in a McDonald’s. “We’re not smart, we’re not rich. We just have titles,” Faizal said. Business and technology investment Andrew Lee, originally a resident of Indiana, USA. In 2013, Lee’s life suddenly changed when he discovered he was related to Yi Seok, a royal descendant of the Joseon Dynasty – the last monarchy to rule the Korean peninsula during. over 5 centuries from 1392 to 1897. Before being crowned crown prince in 2018, Lee had a rich life thanks to his success in the technology business and investment. Lee’s net worth is not disclosed, but in late 2019, an Israeli cybersecurity company acquired his company, Private Internet Access, for $ 95.5 million. Andrew Lee’s life is like a drama. Photo: London Trust Media. According to the Sputnik News In 2018, Lee plans to open a free programming school for Koreans and launch a $ 100 million startup. Lee also said he will contribute $ 10 million to the fund and hopes to find “like-minded investors” who will contribute capital to raise the fund’s amount to $ 100 million. By the end of 2020, Los Angeles Times reported that the Crown Prince of Korea spent $ 12.6 million for a land area of ​​more than 8 hectares in Hidden Valley, Thousand Oaks City, California State, USA. The center of the site is a French-style villa measuring about 1,300 square meters, including 7 bedrooms, 13 bathrooms. The living space is no different from a palace when it is decorated with custom-made furniture, luxurious chandeliers and curtains.

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Text｜36氪 Yuan Silai Edit｜Qiao Qian Text｜36氪 Yuan Silai Edit｜Qiao Qian When Mo Jun received a call from the supplier at one o’clock in the morning, he hadn’t been able to sleep well for a long time. The female voice in the receiver can’t be heard tired. After a routine apology, she brought an unexpected bad news: the chip was out of stock and the product could not be delivered. Recently, as the person in charge of a certain IoT product, Mo Jun has heard too many such remarks. He just said a few perfunctory words, hung up the phone, and pulled the supplier into the blacklist. Of course, Mo Jun knew how tight the market is now. He wondered if he should find a stronger sales, one that could grab the goods from others, to ease the anxiety in front of him. His colleagues in charge of the supply chain ran to the south very early, squatting at the door of parts manufacturers to “grab food.” Every morning, when I see the person in charge at work, I will come up to inquire: how much can I provide today? When will it arrive? Is it from Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, the Philippines or from Shanghai? Mo Jun and the others had to change the design time and time again to adapt to the current dilemma. Even some products that are about to be mass-produced must be overthrown and replaced with parts that can be delivered. Chips that used to have to be picked are now ready to use and available as soon as they are available. The industry has begun to circulate a variety of stories that evade the life-threatening serial calls of purchasers: suppliers shut down, do not respond to emails, skip orders by drawing pay from the bottom, or simply play and disappear. Out of stock, it is no longer the anxiety of Mo Jun and the others. Mobile phones, computers, IoT, and automotive chips are in short supply across the board. Even the small and medium-capacity memory chips that were previously available in sufficient quantities will also be in short supply in 2021. The big manufacturers are also doomed: Samsung has postponed the new note update, the iPhone is facing a shortage, Ford temporarily closed its SUV factory in Kentucky, and Audi’s 10,000 employees have nothing to do… The big guys are complaining: Lu Weibing, vice president of Xiaomi Group, posted on Weibo: “This year the chip is too short, not a shortage, it is extremely lacking”; Qualcomm CEO said in an interview that he could not sleep all night because of the lack of chips. Just like dominoes, the shortage of small wafers will eventually cast a shadow over the huge global consumer electronics market. How did this “core shortage” storm happen? How do the anxious and helpless people in the industrial chain fight their backs?

In a hurry

The semiconductor industry used to be far away from the public’s vision. This industry is actually equivalent to providing “blood” for the TMT industry. There are three modes of operation: the Fabless (factory-free) mode that is only responsible for design, such as Qualcomm and MediaTek; IDM (Integrated Device Manufacture) model, such as Samsung, Intel and Texas Instruments; and finally Foundry (foundry) such as TSMC, Power Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., and SMIC.

The global shortage of chips this time is stuck in the manufacturing links of Foundry and IDM.

At the corporate briefing at the end of last year, Power Semiconductor’s chairman Huang Chongren gave data that proves that “the supply and demand of the chip industry has been extremely imbalanced”: In the past five years, in addition to TSMC and Samsung actively expanding the production capacity of advanced processes, other crystal The production capacity increase of the mature process of the Yuan foundry factory is very small, and the growth rate is less than 5%. However, the growth rate of global wafer capacity demand from 2020 to 2021 will reach 30-35%.

The chips are cut from wafers of different sizes. The most widely used is 8-inch wafers. 5G radio frequency chips, car control chips, and fingerprint recognition chips are all made from it. But in recent years, manufacturers have begun to favor 12-inch wafers, which can be used on smaller and more advanced chips, and 8-inch wafer fabs have been shut down one after another. The epidemic has intensified the 8-inch wafer production reduction, but the 12-inch wafer has just started and the production capacity is limited, and it is impossible to fill the 8-inch wafer production vacancy.

In fact, the foundry is already working at full capacity. In the first quarter of this year, the total revenue of the world’s top ten wafer foundries increased by as much as 20%. Because it is unable to cope with the influx of orders, Samsung has begun to expand the outsourcing of general-purpose computer chips. Power Semiconductor Manufacturing Co.’s two 8-inch wafer fabs and three 12-inch wafer fabs have reached 100% capacity.

Huang Chongren said that the current capacity of 12-inch wafers is 100,000, and the capacity is so full that even the margin of two or three hundred pieces can not be squeezed out. This will naturally make customers feel “panic”.

Because customers need more full “blood” to meet their rapid growth.

“Including the development of 5G, as well as the large-scale growth of Netcom products brought about by the epidemic: TVs, set-top boxes, panels, including 5G mobile phones. It is not only an increase in quantity, but also the capacity of the memory matched on each product. Or increase.” Zhu Di, director of the product marketing department of Winbond Electronics (Suzhou), told 36Kr.

Especially in the mobile phone industry, after the head company stalled, there was a big gap in the mobile phone market in the second half of last year.

“But one left, three came,” Li Wei, who works for a mobile phone company, told 36Kr. Instead, this industry is full of long-lost passion. Everyone is eager to seize the rare window of opportunity.

Originally, they were used to the material shortage. But on Monday, August 17, 2020, the United States renewed its export management regulations. Huawei not only cannot produce chips by itself, but also cannot buy from third-party manufacturers such as MediaTek and Qualcomm.

The instructions of Li Wei’s bosses came one after another: “Take inventory now, how many things are needed, and write down the requirements.” The employees in charge of the core materials stayed up day and night, calling everywhere for goods with dark circles under their eyes. The occasional relaxing time is to go to a nearby food stall to have a supper.

How many orders have been added by manufacturers is not uniform. Li Wei learned that Xiaomi, OPPO, and vivo have all added more than 10% of their orders, adding tens of millions of mobile phones in a short period of time. But what Mo Jun heard was that Xiaomi directly doubled the amount.

The actual data may be in the middle point. According to a report from “Nikkei Asia”, Xiaomi has convened suppliers to provide mobile phone parts and accessories in 2021. It is expected to purchase up to 240 million mobile phone accessories this year, and Xiaomi’s global shipments in 2020 will be 146 million. According to this statement, Xiaomi Chip orders in 2021 have increased by 70%.

“Now that a huge market is exposed, everyone is robbing it, but it really can’t be taken. What is the equivalent? There are three dogs here, looking at the big bone in the middle, they want to get it. As a result, each dog is tied to a chain. Can’t get it.” An employee of a mobile phone manufacturer described it like this. The words are not good, but vivid.

Chip supply may be the thickest chain. 5G mobile phones not only have a large demand for core chips, but the number of logic devices on them, such as power management chips, driver chips, etc., are more than that of 4G mobile phones.

Mobile phone manufacturers squeeze out factory production capacity, which will indirectly affect their fabless counterparts. If the domino of “capacity” is overturned, storage, power supply, and radio frequency chips will eventually become anxious.

In fact, many people have already heard the sound of falling dominoes.

Lin Fei works as an e-commerce planner in the IoT department of a company. In December last year, the crisis hadn’t really hit our eyes because the business was doing so well in the second half of the year, and the bonuses were so high that colleagues in other departments would be jealous. Of course, in 2021, they will have to do it again. But when the department met, the leaders began to warn everyone: “Next year may be difficult to do, and production capacity will be insufficient.”

The leader, who had always been quiet, began to leak anxieties from time to time. At an inter-departmental horizontal communication meeting with colleagues in the product department at the end of the year, the other party asked if there were any other questions as usual. The leader banged the table three times, half serious and half joking to the department on the other side of the screen. Toutoulian said: “Inventory, inventory, inventory.”

Lin Fei than the leader realized afterwards that the inventory problem is still after the New Year this year. Suddenly, in almost every regular meeting, the leaders repeatedly emphasized the supply problem, and if they were anxious, they would get angry with the regional person in charge: the goods are already insufficient, why do you have to pick it?

Obviously the situation is much more serious than Lin Fei knows. It’s hard for him to see the leader recently. For half of the week, he spends a half of the week in Shenzhen and drinks a lot of alcohol. Sometimes the sound of a meeting in the morning is also exhausted after a hangover: “Everyone must pay attention to the issue of stock outs. The stomach will explode after drinking.”

Resources are skewed to products with higher gross profit and large agents, but the supply is still in short supply. “I thought it was very likely that the epidemic would gradually ease, and then there would be a solution when the time comes, and production capacity may slowly recover, but it turns out that there is really no.” Lin Fei said.

What’s interesting is that Lin Fei’s out-of-stock “arsenic” has become the “honey” for some small semiconductor foundries. Chip shortages have led to a short but golden seller’s market, and opportunities for small factories to enter the supply chain of large customers have emerged.

After the fall, Mo Jun had to use some suppliers that he hadn’t liked before. For the same material, Mo Jun found three suppliers, but one of them always failed to deliver. Later, the opponent of that manufacturer found Mo Jun and pryed at the corner of the other party at the dinner table: This company supplies you less and your friends supply more. If you find us, we can meet your needs.

Mo Jun asked the manufacturer to confront him, and the other party admitted that they had indeed allocated part of the production capacity to a friend because the other party “placed the order earlier”-this argument obviously cannot quell Mo Jun’s dissatisfaction.

The other party did not want to lose Mo Jun, a big customer, and kept apologizing, but also invited dinner to apologize, but the defection in the very period made Mo Jun hard to let go, “This is not enough to support the strength.” This “Mandarin” sounds ordinary, But it is often a prelude to a break between the two sides.

Xia Yunfeng, who works in a PC parts factory, has no such good luck. Their suppliers clearly stood in line and told him very firmly: no more new orders, because we want to keep our original customers.

Xia Yunfeng was kicked from one foundry to another, and even the suppliers he often cooperated with did not dare to promise to place orders. The last unfamiliar manufacturer took over the hot potato, “It’s really sending charcoal in the snow.” He was relieved.

But this tone only relaxed for less than 24 hours.

The next day, the supplier’s workshop suffered a fire and stopped production. The moment he saw the news, his head began to tighten again. There was still a fluke: it was the car chip that caught fire, and it won’t affect us. He didn’t know until the other top executives came over that his own chips were also produced in that factory. Their delivery date was postponed to October. This made Xia Yunfeng’s emotions almost collapsed, “I feel hopeless.”

Xia Yunfeng can only go back to the previous suppliers, or whatever, let them divide the spot, “give as much as you can.” Of course, double the price will do.

Chaos

The first domino fell, and the whole situation was irreversible.

There is a lag in the chip industry. Generally speaking, the foundry will keep inventory for three or even six months. When the inventory is exhausted, it is already half a year later to purchase again. “Ordinary TSMC chips take 13 weeks (almost 3 months). For example, the delivery cycle of automotive chips may take at least 6 months. This will cause problems.” Soitec’s strategic development of high-end wafer substrates in China Director Zhang Wanpeng said to 36 krypton.

The early warning mechanism of the supply chain can easily fail. In this industry, many companies are unable to make a slightly more accurate plan for future demand and supply.

Li Liuqi, the founder of Hard City, remembers that when there is no shortage of chips, the wait for more than 12 weeks will seem too long. Everyone is accustomed to the smooth operation of this chain, and it seems to be a matter of course to deliver on time. Once an emergency occurs, the entire industry will immediately fall into a chain panic.

Like Lin Fei’s leadership, Xia Yunfeng actually noticed that the operation of the chain began to stagnate very early: in June last year, Xia Yunfeng found that the product shipments he was responsible for were increasing exponentially, but the supply-side production capacity did not increase. He has a foreboding that if this continues, chip production capacity will inevitably be tight.

During an internal meeting, he told everyone: We should find a supplier who can guarantee the supply. It doesn’t matter if the price is higher. But my colleagues disagree, and they have not felt out of stock yet. It is more important to get a low price.

“I think the reason for the greater lack of cores is that the entire industry has not done well enough in capacity, or planning and risk control.” Zhang Wanpeng told 36Kr.

The most typical is the automobile industry-the automobile is also the hardest hit area for this lack of core. According to a report by the Bernstein Research Institute, due to chip problems in 2021, global automobile production will be reduced by 2 to 4.5 million vehicles, accounting for approximately 2-5% of annual production.

This shock in the automotive industry is largely due to excessive fear of the global epidemic and misjudgment of market resilience.

The middle level of a star electric car company clearly remembers that there was actually a stock of chips at the beginning of last year. By April, the global epidemic had not improved, and auto companies’ sales expectations for complete vehicles fell to a pessimistic trough. Bosch and China, the world’s largest and second-largest auto parts suppliers, also cut orders, directly leading to chip foundries. Follow up to reduce orders.

With the reduction of production capacity and the basic shutdown in Europe at that time, packaging and testing were not possible, and logistics were basically suspended. For downstream manufacturers, shortage of goods is a high probability event in the next few months.

But manufacturers soon discovered that car sales were not as bad as expected. But it is too late for them to add orders. The restart of the production line will not happen overnight, and the excess wafers have long been used to make mobile phones and other types of chips.

“As soon as the order was cut, the 8-inch wafer line was snatched away and could not be snatched back. Some product cycles take 6 months, and it is useless to use a knife to force it.” The middle-level said.

Even large automobile manufacturers can hardly require chip factories to expand their production capacity in the short term. Winbond said at the corporate briefing that their monthly production capacity has increased from 54,000 pieces last year to 57,000 pieces, although only a few percent increase. Winbond invested NT$13 billion to expand production in Kaohsiung, but it will not be able to start trial production until the first half of 2022, and mass production will have to wait until the second half of 2022.

The industry has fallen into chaos, panic buying has spread, and many customers have doubled or tripled their orders. The bubble is flooding, and the mixed speculators are hyping up, and the price of a material can be tenfold from the factory to the final transaction.

However, major foundries have concerns. TSMC, which has a $100 billion expansion plan, has also shown prudence. Chairman Liu Deyin said in an interview: “28 nanometers seems to be in short supply now, but in fact, global production capacity is still greater than demand.”

A factory has an investment of tens of billions at every turn. Before the demand is squeezed out, even OEM giants dare not rush to make a move. Once the supply and demand cycle is mismatched and the rhythm is chaotic, the huge sunk costs are likely to drag down the entire enterprise.

As for the flow of bubbles and tides, it is often difficult for even superb trendy people to identify them. In the middle of last year, the constraints of production capacity have actually been eased. At that time, many manufacturers began to worry that their chips could not be sold. Mo Jun receives phone calls from manufacturers about dinner appointments. The sincerity of “inviting guests” makes it hard to resist. Even if you eat in the company cafeteria, the salesperson of the other party will sit opposite, “I can’t get rid of it.”

What made Mo Jun uncomfortable was that he ordered the other party’s goods, and it didn’t take long for the manufacturer to tell him: “We are out of stock, I suggest you go find XXX”-that is the opponent’s competitor.

It turned out that this factory had a new abacus when the chip industry was in turmoil. They couldn’t make a big move in the consumer electronics industry and had always wanted to transform. It just so happened that the shortage of automotive chips became clearer. They simply turned all the wafers into cars. Chips, I want to take this opportunity to cut into the car market.

Mo Jun had to accept this result. In business, business, the rules of “business” in extraordinary times are more straightforward: stores bully customers, and customers bully shop.

The second supplier that Xia Yunfeng’s PC parts factory has been cooperating with has been looking for top OEMs for production. As soon as the production capacity is tight, their profits and priorities are not ranked in the other side, and they naturally become the target of squeeze. In the last second supply, we could only find other alternatives, but it failed after three productions.

Xia Yunfeng was desperate, because even the head company personally went off to compete for resources. The top 3 PC manufacturers will directly send people to the site, and they will snatch them when they see the goods, and they will not give the “friends” the slightest opportunity.

Xia Yunfeng’s supply chain director kept meeting with key suppliers for dinner and drinking. Coupled with personal emotional bombardment, the other party finally let go and agreed to give some spot to ease their current crisis.

In this season, how much the company wants to reduce the price of raw materials OKR has long become a blank letter. In private, everyone knows that this year, if there are goods, it is good to be able to deliver on time. There is no way to consider the price.

In January, TSMC and other foundries considered raising the price of automotive chip foundry again. Among them, TSMC holds a large number of shares in the world advanced considering the highest price increase of 15%.

This is called super hot run (SHR, super urgent) in the industry. The foundry will transfer part of the production capacity to deal with the emergency situation of the order, but it will increase the price by about 20%.

“Now when I encounter a chip, even if it has increased by 100 times, I still have to buy it. There is no way.” An executive of a new car maker was also helpless.

response

In extraordinary times, many companies have to enter the zero inventory production model.

Wang Quansheng, who works for a large multinational in-vehicle chip company, told 36Kr that he had never experienced such a lack of resources. Wang Quansheng watched the inventory number change from tens of thousands, little by little to thousands, and finally “0”. A few months ago, they started zero inventory production.

Zero inventory production is actually the future direction of the manufacturing industry in the era of the Internet and big data, which may lead to disruptive changes in manufacturing efficiency and costs.

However, this battle for chips brought the “future” to come early, and many companies were caught off guard.

Wang Quansheng’s production plan must be very meticulous. In weekly meetings, the leaders will predict the timeline of the next batch of goods in advance, which day they will arrive at the headquarters and which day they will be able to arrive in the country.

The chip transportation time is compressed to one-third of the previous one, and the time must be accurate to the hour. In the past, chips were shipped by sea, and it took three days at the earliest to ship to the country. After unloading, it will be sent to the factory where Wang Quansheng is located for inspection, and then sent for PCBA (Printed Circuit Board + Assembly) processing. The entire process takes at least 5 days.

All current chips are transported by air, and the cost is three times that of sea transportation. It costs thousands of dollars at a time. Even if there is only one chip, it can still fly.

The discs made into film rolls are transported to the cargo plane. When they take off from foreign airports, it is usually 2 o’clock in the morning, and it is just dawn when they arrive at the domestic customs. If you are lucky and are not sampled, they will be shipped out of the customs gate in 3 or 4 hours and loaded onto the logistics truck that has already been waiting at the gate. At dusk, the chip will enter the PCBA workshop. The pre-inspection link in the factory is omitted. The chip goes directly to the PCBA production line. The PCBA board is sent to the Wang Quansheng company’s factory in the evening of the next day, and it is made into a finished chip overnight.

In this way, they can guarantee to shorten the delivery time from 5 days to 2 days.

Wang Quansheng is responsible for production allocation, docking sales and supply chain. He was accustomed to foreign companies not working overtime, so he had to start “996”.

This is a new test for Wang Quansheng and his company. Every link of theirs must enter into fine management, and the connection between links is tight to the extreme. Flight delays, customs inspections, and traffic jams during peak periods will affect the entire production process.

The delay of four or five hours can still be remedied. Wang Quansheng will contact logistics. After departing from the customs, a truck is equipped with two drivers, and the truck will not be disconnected. If the chip arrives more than 6 hours late, it is necessary to adjust the production line, arrange to work overtime until late at night, or increase the shift.

Wang Quansheng remembered that the longest delay was a whole day. After 7 o’clock that morning, Wang Quansheng received a call from a colleague: The entire shipment was randomly inspected. Next, they kept calling, asking when they could leave the customs. It was not until the evening that the batch of chips was sampled, and the production line was still suspended because of the long delay. After the finished product left the factory, they arranged two drivers for the truck and drove it for three consecutive days and delivered it to southern customers.

It’s not just transportation delays that have to worry about, but natural and man-made disasters around the world are enough to make them panic.

Renesas, the world’s third-largest automotive chip manufacturer, halted production at the Naka fab in Ibaraki Prefecture in February due to an earthquake for half a month, and in March due to a fire. Renesas’ customers include Honda, Toyota, Nissan, and Nomura. Securities has made an assessment that from April to June, the output of major Japanese automakers may decrease by 1.2 million vehicles. And Blizzard in Texas in the United States led to the closure of five foundries of Samsung, Infineon, NXP and Skorpios, of which three were foundries with 8-inch wafers.

When this intensifying battle for chips will come to an end, there are divergent opinions. Wang Quansheng and his colleagues chatted, thinking that the lack of chips will continue until the end of the year. Xia Yunfeng is not so optimistic. He thinks it will be 2022. He realizes that when uncertainty is flooding the surroundings, it may be more advantageous to hold this view: in the short term, there can be no illusions about the situation getting better.

In fact, the grass-snake gray line of this industry turmoil has long been hidden there. Cyclical fluctuations were originally the norm in every industry. If you can’t take precautions, you may repeat the panic again and again. After the turmoil is over, perhaps more companies can learn to change. Manage supply and demand well, be more foresighted, and predict the future more optimistically.

Specific to the chip industry, “large foundries have begun to work more closely with major customers to promote customized processes and evaluate future production capacity, which can effectively prevent chip supply from becoming unstable.” Zhang Wanpeng said.

Source: 36kr

The Kalmyk mainly eat beef and lamb. They have a very unique way of cooking meat called khorkhog. Men will cut the flesh into pieces, leaving the bones intact. Then they put the meat in a tin or aluminum jar with vegetables, hot water and ice. While they rode on the grasslands all day, the stones would boil pieces of meat. So they had a plate of casserole when they stopped for lunch. Before the long trip or the coming winter, people prepare kyur dried meat again. They skillfully slaughter a cow or a sheep so that the whole meat of the animal fits its whole heart. The cook will dig a hole, fill it with coal, wood or dry manure, and burn it to ash. While the ash in the pit is still hot, the heart will be lowered and covered with ash. The men will fill the hole with earth and continue to light the fire above. The result is a piece of dried meat that is both soft and flavorful. Life on horseback has taught the Kalmyk not to give up any part of the animal. They especially value sheep and beef offal. The dotur soup that every family eats is made from sheep’s heart cooked with onions and a variety of herbs. Another favorite dish of shepherds and shepherds is semjer orasn elkn. This dish is made from beef liver or lamb liver wrapped in fat membrane that is scraped from the animal’s heart and then grilled over charcoal fire. Like other Central Asian peoples, the Kalmyk also drink milk tea. Drinks made of tea leaves, milk, butter, salt and nutmeg powder both keep warm and add energy to people. Sometimes they even put lamb fat in the tea. In the summer, the Kalmyk people often make yogurt kumys from sheep or horse milk. Scientists have proven that the probiotics in kumys have a very good effect on protecting the respiratory tract.

From early morning on Hai Thinh beach (Nam Dinh), there were dozens of fishermen leading the sea. This is a job that helps people have the main source of income for the family. The job of the players who don and rake depends on the country. Big countries go a little later, sometimes until after 1pm to end. The tool for scratching is a 5-7 meter long tattoo, the base of the tattoo is attached with a razor neatly in a rectangular iron frame so that it can be inserted deep into the sand and move more easily. Despite the hardship, but for 40 years, Mr. Tuy has not given up a day except when he is sick. Scratching places are usually sandy beaches on the sea with a depth of 0.5-1m above sea level. The person who rakes with one hand holds the bamboo handle, the other hand resting on the waist with a recoil. Average raking is 15-20 meters a time calculated about 10km per session and soak in sea water continuously for 6 hours. If locating, the fishermen have to immerse themselves in the sea water, while for the claw don, they will have to bow down to dig from under the sand layers. Fishermen have to use small shovels to flip up the sand and sea soil to dig. Don is shaped like a bottle but smaller so you have to look closely to see. The don season peaks from May to June Due to direct contact with water and sea soil, the legs and hands of the rake fishermen have many wrinkles and pale skin. The donation bucket accompanies the fishermen every raking session If they are lucky, each day fishermen can earn from 300-500 thousand VND. On days when the weather is not favorable, we can only scratch a little and we have to go home. Don will be cleaned by fishermen for processing and consumption The fresh pawns cost 30-50 thousand VND / kg and are very popular with the people. Since the donation, the donation has a value, the job of rake and donation attracts more people to do and less and less.

Since dawn, dozens of people have gone to the Chuong Xa dynasty to dig up a devotion. Early in the morning, we arrived at Dong Xa tidal flats. In the dim light of the early morning, on the tidal flats, there were dozens of people wearing baskets, apricot in hand, working hard to dig for pests, to work industriously to feed their families. Strumming through the muddy sections, mixed with sharp shells and shells on the tidal flats, we reached the place where Mrs. Nguyen Thi Hang (40 years old, Dong Thinh village, Dong Xa commune) was digging and digging. sand layer to catch peanut worms. Pointing at the newly excavated pests in the basket, Ms. Hang said: It is drizzling with this rain, which is hidden deep in the sand, and it is very difficult to dig. As a result, most of the people who come down to the charnel ground today are those who do not have any other work to make a living. The main source of income for the family depends on this tidal flats. As she said, she pointed her finger to the far beach to show us: “Today’s weather is not favorable, so only a few dozen people go to the beach. In a little while, if the sun is warmer, people will go to the more crowded tidal flats ”. Ms. Hua Thi Nien showed off her achievements after more than 3 hours of labor. Like Ms. Hang, for more than 40 years now, regardless of day or night, every time the water recedes, Ms. Ly Thi Hong (58 years old, Dong Thinh village, Dong Xa commune) has been present at the Dong Xa tidal flats to dig the piety. , catch more nails, clam, and a parrot. Talking with us, Mrs. Hong said: Born and raised in the island commune, from the age of 13-14, I followed my father and mother to the tidal flats to dig out peanut worms. When I grew up, got married, got married in the same commune, and gave birth to 2 children. My children are now married, but due to their busy work and low income, they send all 4 young grandchildren to my foster wife and husband. So even though my age is high, I still try to go to the tidal flats, earn more income to support the children “. For Ms. Hua Thi Nien (51 years old, Dong Tien village, Dong Xa commune), the profession of peanut digging is the main source of income for her whole family, from living daily life to paying school fees for her children. Ms. Hien shared: “My husband passed away more than a decade ago, leaving me to struggle alone to make a living to support 2 children who are still in school age. In addition to working as a hired worker, when the tide goes down, I take advantage of the tide to dig up pits. Before each session also earned several hundred thousand dong. Now pouring the land for construction, the tidal flat is narrowed, digging for only an hour to have a few … “. Need to protect long-term livelihood Dong Xa has 4 small tidal flats, also known as Chuong, separated by a small creek, which can be exploited. Dong Xa tidal flat is one of the two most growing areas in Van Don district (the most cultivated area is Quan Lan commune). The people of Van Don often refer to sà-piety as “prey”; beaches where the tides rise and fall creates sand bars, where only pampas are found, often referred to as “bait grounds”. Peanut worms are purchased right at the tidal flats when they are dug up. Unlike in other localities, the gecko in this estuary area is considered to be of the highest quality. The current price of fresh peanut worm is about 220,000 – 250,000 VND / kg, the delicious dried peanut worm is always equivalent to about one gold thread / kg. Although the economic value brings high, but according to local people, the output of guns is currently decreasing a lot compared to a few years ago. The cause of this situation is that recently, tens of hectares of local pits have been buried, giving land to Phuong Dong Construction Investment Joint Stock Company to build Phuong Dong urban area project (Dong commune. Xa). Recently, this enterprise also violated the violation of dumping land out of the boundary of the allocated land to be an urban area, filling up about 16,000 square meters of the tidal flats in the area, where people are free to exploit seafood. Quang Ninh province, especially Van Don district, is a special sea area with many pests, which are assessed to be of higher quality compared to other parts of the country. Mrs. To Thi Dien (Dong Tien village, Dong Xa commune) said: “Nearly 50 years working as a digger” prey “, but I have never found it difficult like now. At least a few hundred thousand dong, more than a million dong. But today I dig from 5 am to 8 am but not yet 2 taels. Very sad, uncle! ”. Ms. Tran Thi Viet (Zone 2, Cai Rong town, Van Don district) added: “From the day the Phuong Dong urban area emerged, our income halved. The lives of the people were difficult to see. Now, adding land to fill the tidal flats, many times, our people have to leave empty handed “. It is known that, before the violations of Phuong Dong Urban Construction Investment Joint Stock Company, the People’s Committee of Van Don district has checked and made a violation record. Specifically, according to Decision No. 05 / QD-XPVPHC signed by the People’s Committee of Van Don district on February 19, 2021, it is determined that this company has committed administrative violations, encroaching on, occupying unused land in the area. Rural areas are managed by the People’s Committee of Dong Xa commune, with an area of ​​about 16,000m2, in Dong Tien village, Dong Xa commune. This part of land is outside the boundary of the assigned land of Phuong Dong Urban Construction Investment Joint Stock Company according to Decision No. 2937 / QD-UBND, dated November 9, 2012 of the Provincial People’s Committee. With this behavior, the Company was fined 100 million VND. The Dong Xa tidal flat is now much narrowed compared to before: Currently the 1st and 2nd beaches are completely filled. The decision of the People’s Committee of Van Don district forced the company to restore the original state of the land before the violation; return encroached land, occupied. Although the district has issued a document to direct, but according to local people, Phuong Dong Construction Investment Joint Stock Company poured encroached land beyond the tidal flats, although it has been overcome, but is still nearly 1 meter deep. The local people expect the local authorities to continue to pay attention to, request, and urge businesses to strictly comply with the requirement of remediation. , to return the ground in the intertidal areas that were illegally dumped, and at the same time compensate for economic losses for the people exploiting the peanut worm on the Dong Xa tidal flats. Many local people are still concerned that, with the current momentum of land encroachment, it will not be long before this tidal flat will have nothing to live. “Urban expansion is an indispensable requirement for the socio-economic development of the locality, the province, and our people all agree, but we need to comply with the regulations. Because of the livelihoods of hundreds of unemployed local workers, we look forward to taking measures to protect the living environment for seafood in this area “- many residents of Dong Xa commune commented.

Image source: unsplash

Text｜36氪 Yuan Silai

Edit｜Qiao Qian

Text｜36氪 Yuan Silai

Edit｜Qiao Qian

When Mo Jun received a call from the supplier at one o’clock in the morning, he hadn’t been able to sleep well for a long time.

The female voice in the receiver can’t be heard tired. After a routine apology, she brought an unexpected bad news: the chip was out of stock and the product could not be delivered. Recently, as the person in charge of a certain IoT product, Mo Jun has heard too many such remarks. He just said a few perfunctory words, hung up the phone, and pulled the supplier into the blacklist.

Of course, Mo Jun knew how tight the market is now. He wondered if he should find a stronger sales, one that could grab the goods from others, to ease the anxiety in front of him. His colleagues in charge of the supply chain ran to the south very early, squatting at the door of parts manufacturers to “grab food.” Every morning, when I see the person in charge at work, I will come up to inquire: how much can I provide today? When will it arrive? Is it from Japan, Vietnam, South Korea, the Philippines or from Shanghai?

Mo Jun and the others had to change the design time and time again to adapt to the current dilemma. Even some products that are about to be mass-produced must be overthrown and replaced with parts that can be delivered. Chips that used to have to be picked are now ready to use and available as soon as they are available.

The industry has begun to circulate a variety of stories that evade the life-threatening serial calls of purchasers: suppliers shut down, do not respond to emails, skip orders by drawing pay from the bottom, or simply play and disappear.

Out of stock, it is no longer the anxiety of Mo Jun and the others. Mobile phones, computers, IoT, and automotive chips are in short supply across the board. Even the small and medium-capacity memory chips that were previously available in sufficient quantities will also be in short supply in 2021.

The big manufacturers are also doomed: Samsung has postponed the new note update, the iPhone is facing a shortage, Ford temporarily closed its SUV factory in Kentucky, and Audi’s 10,000 employees have nothing to do…

The big guys are complaining: Lu Weibing, vice president of Xiaomi Group, posted on Weibo: “This year the chip is too short, not a shortage, it is extremely lacking”; Qualcomm CEO said in an interview that he could not sleep all night because of the lack of chips.

Just like dominoes, the shortage of small wafers will eventually cast a shadow over the huge global consumer electronics market. How did this “core shortage” storm happen? How do the anxious and helpless people in the industrial chain fight their backs?

In a hurry

The semiconductor industry used to be far away from the public’s vision. This industry is actually equivalent to providing “blood” for the TMT industry. There are three modes of operation: the Fabless (factory-free) mode that is only responsible for design, such as Qualcomm and MediaTek; IDM (Integrated Device Manufacture) model, such as Samsung, Intel and Texas Instruments; finally, Foundry (foundry) such as TSMC, Power Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. and SMIC.

The global shortage of chips this time is stuck in the manufacturing links of Foundry and IDM.

At the corporate briefing at the end of last year, Power Semiconductor’s chairman Huang Chongren gave data that proves that “the supply and demand of the chip industry has been extremely imbalanced”: In the past five years, in addition to TSMC and Samsung actively expanding the production capacity of advanced processes, other crystal The production capacity increase of the mature process of the Yuan foundry factory is very small, and the growth rate is less than 5%. However, the growth rate of global wafer capacity demand from 2020 to 2021 will reach 30-35%.

The chips are cut from wafers of different sizes. The most widely used is 8-inch wafers. 5G radio frequency chips, car control chips, and fingerprint recognition chips are all made from it. But in recent years, manufacturers have begun to favor 12-inch wafers, which can be used on smaller and more advanced chips, and 8-inch wafer fabs have been shut down one after another. The epidemic has intensified the 8-inch wafer production reduction, but the 12-inch wafer has just started and the production capacity is limited, and it is impossible to fill the 8-inch wafer production vacancy.

In fact, the foundry is already working at full capacity. In the first quarter of this year, the total revenue of the world’s top ten wafer foundries increased by as much as 20%. Because it is unable to cope with the influx of orders, Samsung has begun to expand the outsourcing of general-purpose computer chips. Power Semiconductor Manufacturing Co.’s two 8-inch wafer fabs and three 12-inch wafer fabs have reached 100% capacity.

Huang Chongren said that the current capacity of 12-inch wafers is 100,000 pieces, and the capacity is so full that even the margin of two or three hundred pieces can not be squeezed out. This will naturally make customers feel “panic”.

Because customers need more full “blood” to meet their rapid growth.

“Including the development of 5G, as well as the large-scale growth of Netcom products brought about by the epidemic: TVs, set-top boxes, panels, including 5G mobile phones. It is not only an increase in quantity, but also the capacity of the memory matched on each product. Or increase.” Zhu Di, director of the product marketing department of Winbond Electronics (Suzhou), told 36Kr.

Especially in the mobile phone industry, after the head company stalled, there was a big gap in the mobile phone market in the second half of last year.

“But one left, three came,” Li Wei, who works for a mobile phone company, told 36Kr. Instead, this industry is full of long-lost passion. Everyone is eager to seize the rare window of opportunity.

Originally, they were used to the material shortage. But on Monday, August 17, 2020, the United States renewed its export management regulations. Huawei not only cannot produce chips by itself, but also cannot buy from third-party manufacturers such as MediaTek and Qualcomm.

The instructions of Li Wei’s bosses came one after another: “Take inventory now, how many things are needed, and write down the requirements.” The employees in charge of the core materials stayed up day and night, calling everywhere for goods with dark circles under their eyes. The occasional relaxing time is to go to a nearby food stall to have a supper.

How many orders have been added by manufacturers is not uniform. Li Wei learned that Xiaomi, OPPO, and vivo have all added more than 10% of their orders, adding tens of millions of mobile phones in a short period of time. But what Mo Jun heard was that Xiaomi directly doubled the amount.

The actual data may be in the middle point. According to a report from “Nikkei Asia”, Xiaomi has convened suppliers to provide mobile phone parts and accessories in 2021. It is expected to purchase up to 240 million mobile phone accessories this year, and Xiaomi’s global shipments in 2020 will be 146 million units. According to this statement, Xiaomi Chip orders in 2021 have increased by 70%.

“Now that a huge market is exposed, everyone is robbing it, but it really can’t be taken. What is the equivalent? There are three dogs here, looking at the big bone in the middle, they want to get it. As a result, each dog is tied to a chain. Can’t get it.” An employee of a mobile phone manufacturer described it like this. The words are not good, but vivid.

Chip supply may be the thickest chain. 5G mobile phones not only have a large demand for core chips, but the number of logic devices on them, such as power management chips, driver chips, etc., are more than that of 4G mobile phones.

Mobile phone manufacturers squeeze out factory production capacity, which will indirectly affect their fabless counterparts. If the domino of “capacity” is overturned, storage, power supply, and radio frequency chips will eventually become anxious.

In fact, many people have already heard the sound of falling dominoes.

Lin Fei works as an e-commerce planner in the IoT department of a company. In December last year, the crisis hadn’t really hit our eyes because the business was doing so well in the second half of the year, and the bonuses were so high that colleagues in other departments would be jealous. Of course, in 2021, they will have to do it again. But when the department met, the leaders began to warn everyone: “Next year may be difficult to do, and production capacity will be insufficient.”

The leader, who had always been quiet, began to leak anxieties from time to time. At an inter-departmental horizontal communication meeting with colleagues in the product department at the end of the year, the other party asked if there were any other questions as usual. The leader patted the table three times, half serious and half joking to the department on the other side of the screen. Toutoulian said: “Inventory, inventory, inventory.”

Lin Fei than the leader realized afterwards that the inventory problem is still after the New Year this year. Suddenly, in almost every regular meeting, the leaders repeatedly emphasized the supply problem, and if they were anxious, they would get angry with the regional person in charge: the goods are already insufficient, why do you have to pick it?

Obviously the situation is much more serious than Lin Fei knows. It’s hard for him to see the leader recently. For half of the week, he spends a half of the week in Shenzhen and drinks a lot of alcohol. Sometimes the sound of a meeting in the morning is still exhausted after a hangover: “Everyone must pay attention to the shortage of goods. The stomach will explode after drinking.”

Resources are skewed to products with higher gross profit and large agents, but the supply is still in short supply. “I thought it was very likely that the epidemic would gradually ease, and then there would be a solution when the time comes, and production capacity may slowly recover, but it turns out that there is really no.” Lin Fei said.

What’s interesting is that Lin Fei’s out-of-stock “arsenic” has become the “honey” for some small semiconductor foundries. Chip shortages have led to a short but golden seller’s market, and opportunities for small factories to enter the supply chain of large customers have emerged.

After the fall, Mo Jun had to use some suppliers that he hadn’t liked before. For the same material, Mo Jun found three suppliers, but one of them always failed to deliver. Later, the opponent of that manufacturer found Mo Jun and pried the other side’s corner at the dinner table: This company supplies you less and your friends supply more. If you find us, we can meet your needs.

Mo Jun asked the manufacturer to confront him, and the other party admitted that they had indeed allocated part of the production capacity to a friend because the other party “placed the order earlier”-this argument obviously cannot quell Mo Jun’s dissatisfaction.

The other party did not want to lose Mo Jun, a big customer, and kept apologizing, but also invited dinner to apologize, but the defection in the very period made Mo Jun hard to let go, “This is not enough to support the strength.” This “Mandarin” sounds ordinary, But it is often a prelude to a break between the two sides.

Xia Yunfeng, who works in a PC parts factory, has no such good luck. Their suppliers clearly stood in line and told him very firmly: no more new orders, because we want to keep our original customers.

Xia Yunfeng was kicked from one foundry to another, and even the suppliers he often cooperated with did not dare to promise to place orders. The last unfamiliar manufacturer took over the hot potato, “It’s really sending charcoal in the snow.” He was relieved.

But this tone only relaxed for less than 24 hours.

The next day, the supplier’s workshop suffered a fire and stopped production. The moment he saw the news, his head began to tighten again. There was still a fluke: it was the car chip that caught fire, and it won’t affect us. He didn’t know until the other top executives came over that his own chips were also produced in that factory. Their delivery date was postponed to October. This made Xia Yunfeng’s emotions almost collapsed, “I feel hopeless.”

Xia Yunfeng can only go back to the previous suppliers, or whatever, let them divide the spot, “give as much as you can.” Of course, double the price will do.

Chaos

The first domino fell, and the whole situation was irreversible.

There is a lag in the chip industry. Generally speaking, the foundry will keep inventory for three or even six months. When the inventory is exhausted, it is already half a year later to purchase again. “Ordinary TSMC chips take 13 weeks (almost 3 months). For example, the delivery cycle of automotive chips may take at least 6 months. This will cause problems.” Soitec’s strategic development of high-end wafer substrates in China Director Zhang Wanpeng said to 36 krypton.

The early warning mechanism of the supply chain can easily fail. In this industry, many companies are unable to make a slightly more accurate plan for future demand and supply.

Li Liuqi, the founder of Hard City, remembers that when there is no shortage of chips, the wait for more than 12 weeks will seem too long. Everyone is accustomed to the smooth operation of this chain, and it seems to be a matter of course to deliver on time. Once an emergency occurs, the entire industry will immediately fall into a chain panic.

Like Lin Fei’s leadership, Xia Yunfeng actually noticed that the operation of the chain began to stagnate very early: in June last year, Xia Yunfeng found that the product shipments he was responsible for were increasing exponentially, but the supply-side production capacity did not increase. He has a foreboding that if this continues, chip production capacity will inevitably be tight.

During an internal meeting, he told everyone: We should find a supplier who can guarantee the supply. It doesn’t matter if the price is higher. But my colleagues disagree, and they have not felt out of stock yet. It is more important to get a low price.

“I think the reason for the greater lack of cores is that the entire industry has not done well enough in capacity, or planning and risk control.” Zhang Wanpeng told 36Kr.

The most typical is the automobile industry-the automobile is also the hardest hit area for this lack of core. According to a report by the Bernstein Research Institute, due to chip problems in 2021, global automobile production will be reduced by 2 to 4.5 million vehicles, accounting for approximately 2-5% of annual production.

This shock in the automotive industry is largely due to excessive fear of the global epidemic and misjudgment of market resilience.

The middle level of a star electric car company clearly remembers that there was actually a stock of chips at the beginning of last year. By April, the global epidemic had not improved, and auto companies’ sales expectations for complete vehicles fell to a pessimistic trough. Bosch and China, the world’s largest and second-largest auto parts suppliers, also cut orders, directly leading to chip foundries. Follow up to reduce orders.

With the reduction of production capacity and the basic shutdown in Europe at that time, packaging and testing were not possible, and logistics were basically suspended. For downstream manufacturers, shortage of goods is a high probability event in the next few months.

But manufacturers soon discovered that car sales were not as bad as expected. But it is too late for them to add orders. The restart of the production line will not happen overnight, and the excess wafers have long been used to make mobile phones and other types of chips.

“As soon as the order was cut, the 8-inch wafer line was snatched away and could not be snatched back. Some product cycles take 6 months, and it is useless to use a knife to force it.” The middle-level said.

Even large automobile manufacturers can hardly require chip factories to expand their production capacity in the short term. Winbond said at the corporate briefing that their monthly production capacity has increased from 54,000 pieces last year to 57,000 pieces, although only a few percent increase. Winbond invested NT$13 billion to expand production in Kaohsiung, but it will not be able to start trial production until the first half of 2022, and mass production will have to wait until the second half of 2022.

The industry has fallen into chaos, panic buying has spread, and many customers have doubled or tripled their orders. The bubble is flooding, and the mixed speculators are hyping up, and the price of a material can be tenfold from the factory to the final transaction.

However, major foundries have concerns. TSMC, which has a $100 billion expansion plan, has also shown prudence. Chairman Liu Deyin said in an interview: “28 nanometers seems to be in short supply now, but in fact, global production capacity is still greater than demand.”

A factory has an investment of tens of billions at every turn. Before the demand is squeezed out, even OEM giants dare not rush to make a move. Once the supply and demand cycle is mismatched and the rhythm is chaotic, the huge sunk costs are likely to drag down the entire enterprise.

As for the flow of bubbles and tides, it is often difficult for even superb trendy people to identify them. In the middle of last year, the constraints of production capacity have actually been eased. At that time, many manufacturers began to worry that their chips could not be sold. Mo Jun receives phone calls from manufacturers about dinner appointments. The sincerity of “inviting guests” makes it hard to resist. Even if you eat in the company cafeteria, the salesperson of the other party will sit opposite, “I can’t get rid of it.”

What made Mo Jun uncomfortable was that he ordered the other party’s goods, and it didn’t take long for the manufacturer to tell him: “We are out of stock, I suggest you go find XXX”-that is the opponent’s competitor.

It turned out that this factory had a new abacus when the chip industry was in turmoil. They couldn’t make a big move in the consumer electronics industry and had always wanted to transform. It just so happened that the shortage of automotive chips became clearer. They simply turned all the wafers into cars. Chips, I want to take this opportunity to cut into the car market.

Mo Jun had to accept this result. In business, business, the rules of “business” in extraordinary times are more straightforward: stores bully customers, and customers bully shop.

The second supplier that Xia Yunfeng’s PC parts factory has been cooperating with has been looking for top OEMs for production. As soon as the production capacity is tight, their profits and priorities are not ranked in the other side, and they naturally become the target of squeeze. In the last second supply, we could only find other alternatives, but it failed after three productions.

Xia Yunfeng was desperate, because even the head company personally went off to compete for resources. The top 3 PC manufacturers will directly send people to the site, and they will snatch them when they see the goods, and they will not give the “friends” the slightest opportunity.

Xia Yunfeng’s supply chain director kept meeting with key suppliers for dinner and drinking. Coupled with personal emotional bombardment, the other party finally let go and agreed to give some spot to ease their current crisis.

In this season, how much the company wants to reduce the price of raw materials OKR has long become a blank letter. In private, everyone knows that this year, if there are goods, it is good to be able to deliver on time. There is no way to consider the price.

In January, TSMC and other foundries considered raising the price of automotive chip foundry again. Among them, TSMC holds a large number of shares in the world advanced considering the highest price increase of 15%.

This is called super hot run (SHR, super urgent) in the industry. The foundry will transfer part of the production capacity to deal with the emergency situation of the order, but it will increase the price by about 20%.

“Now when I encounter a chip, even if it has increased by 100 times, I still have to buy it. There is no way.” An executive of a new car maker was also helpless.

response

In extraordinary times, many companies have to enter the zero inventory production model.

Wang Quansheng, who works for a large multinational in-vehicle chip company, told 36Kr that he had never experienced such a lack of resources. Wang Quansheng watched the inventory number change from tens of thousands, little by little to thousands, and finally “0”. A few months ago, they started zero inventory production.

Zero inventory production is actually the future direction of the manufacturing industry in the era of the Internet and big data, which may lead to disruptive changes in manufacturing efficiency and costs.

However, this battle for chips brought the “future” to come early, and many companies were caught off guard.

Wang Quansheng’s production plan must be very meticulous. In weekly meetings, the leaders will predict the timeline of the next batch of goods in advance, which day they will arrive at the headquarters and which day they will be able to arrive in the country.

The chip transportation time is compressed to one-third of the previous one, and the time must be accurate to the hour. In the past, chips were shipped by sea, and it took three days at the earliest to ship to the country. After unloading, it will be sent to the factory where Wang Quansheng is located for inspection, and then sent for PCBA (Printed Circuit Board + Assembly) processing. The entire process takes at least 5 days.

All current chips are transported by air, and the cost is three times that of sea transportation. It costs thousands of dollars at a time. Even if there is only one chip, it can still fly.

The discs made into film rolls are transported to the cargo plane. When they take off from foreign airports, it is usually 2 o’clock in the morning, and it is just dawn when they arrive at the domestic customs. If you are lucky and are not sampled, they will be shipped out of the customs gate in 3 or 4 hours and loaded onto the logistics truck that has already been waiting at the gate. At dusk, the chip will enter the PCBA workshop. The pre-inspection link in the factory is omitted. The chip goes directly to the PCBA production line. The PCBA board is sent to the Wang Quansheng company’s factory in the evening of the next day, and it is made into a finished chip overnight.

In this way, they can guarantee to shorten the delivery time from 5 days to 2 days.

Wang Quansheng is responsible for production allocation, docking sales and supply chain. He was accustomed to foreign companies not working overtime, so he had to start “996”.

This is a new test for Wang Quansheng and his company. Every link of theirs must enter into fine management, and the connection between links is tight to the extreme. Flight delays, customs inspections, and traffic jams during peak periods will affect the entire production process.

The delay of four or five hours can still be remedied. Wang Quansheng will contact logistics. After departing from the customs, a truck is equipped with two drivers, and the truck will not be disconnected from time to time. If the chip arrives more than 6 hours late, it is necessary to adjust the production line, arrange to work overtime until late at night, or increase the shift.

Wang Quansheng remembered that the longest delay was a whole day. After 7 o’clock that morning, Wang Quansheng received a call from a colleague: The entire shipment was randomly inspected. Next, they kept calling, asking when they could leave the customs. It was not until the evening that the batch of chips was sampled, and the production line was still suspended because of the long delay. After the finished product left the factory, they arranged two drivers for the truck and drove it for three consecutive days and delivered it to southern customers.

It’s not just transportation delays that have to worry about, but natural and man-made disasters around the world are enough to make them panic.

Renesas, the world’s third-largest automotive chip manufacturer, halted production at the Naka fab in Ibaraki Prefecture in February due to an earthquake for half a month, and in March due to a fire. Renesas’ customers include Honda, Toyota, Nissan, and Nomura. Securities has made an assessment that from April to June, the output of major Japanese automakers may decrease by 1.2 million vehicles. And Blizzard in Texas in the United States led to the closure of five foundries of Samsung, Infineon, NXP and Skorpios, of which three were foundries with 8-inch wafers.

When this intensifying battle for chips will come to an end, there are divergent opinions. Wang Quansheng and his colleagues chatted, thinking that the lack of chips will continue until the end of the year. Xia Yunfeng was not so optimistic. He felt that he would have to survive until 2022. He realized that when uncertainty is flooding the surroundings, it may be more advantageous to hold this view: in the short term, there can be no illusions about the situation getting better.

In fact, the grass-snake gray line of this industry turmoil has long been hidden there. Cyclical fluctuations were originally the norm in every industry. If you can’t take precautions, you may repeat the panic again and again. After the turmoil is over, perhaps more companies can learn to change. Manage supply and demand well, be more foresighted, and predict the future more optimistically.

Specific to the chip industry, “large foundries have begun to work more closely with major customers to promote customized processes and evaluate future production capacity, which can effectively prevent chip supply from becoming unstable.” Zhang Wanpeng said.

Source: 36kr

American experts warn Russia is a nuclear power capable of killing millions of Americans in the event of a war. In his view, the United States can engage in an open confrontation with Russia only in the event of any “vital” threat to its existence.

But Mr. Lawson stressed that Ukraine is not such a case, and the situation in Donbass does not pose a direct threat to US security.

Analyst Lawson said that the US should prioritize cooperation with Russia instead of confrontation as it is now

In addition, the expert also strongly opposes Ukraine’s membership in NATO, because according to Mr. Lawson, it is Kiev that is the cause of all the problems that have arisen in Europe recently. Ukraine’s accession to the military alliance will exacerbate the situation, taking its conflict with Russia to a new level, something no one wants.

Lawson explained that continuing to confront Russia over Ukraine could be exploited by China, which is dreaming of becoming a superpower and surpassing the US on the world rankings. So Washington needs to turn to other issues, and not to conflict with Russia.

Meanwhile, the US intelligence community has released another annual report on global threats. Traditionally, Russia has been at the forefront of America’s security challenges at all levels.

The above development shows that despite opposition from domestic analysts, the administration of President Joe Biden with a tough stance is almost certain to provide military assistance to Ukraine in the event of a war. In Donbass, if you do not participate in direct combat, you will also provide weapons, weapons, and modern military equipment.