BGH on Legal Tech When the software replaces the lawyer

Status: 06/17/2021 6:46 a.m.

Anyone who wants to draw up an individual contract goes to a lawyer. That’s how it was before. In the meantime, however, this can also be done online, without legal assistance. The BGH is now examining whether this is permissible. What are the sticking points?

By Kerstin Anabah and Pia Brandsch-Böhm

What is the specific case about?

The publisher Wolters Kluwer offers the legal document generator “Smartlaw”. With the help of the software, private individuals and companies can create and then purchase individual legal documents, such as rental agreements. To do this, customers have to answer 30 to 40 questions. The whole thing was “modeled on the conversation with the lawyer”, according to the original advertisement.

Wolters Kluwer is not admitted to the bar and is not licensed to provide legal services. The Hamburg Bar Association has therefore sued the publisher (Az. I ZR 113/20). She sees the Legal Tech offer as an anti-competitive violation of the Legal Services Act. It regulates who is allowed to provide legal services – for example lawyers or debt collection companies.

How have the courts decided so far?

The Cologne Regional Court gave the Bar Association in law. It saw in the contract generator a violation of the Legal Services Act. Wolters Kluwer appealed against this to the Cologne Higher Regional Court – with success. According to the Cologne Higher Regional Court, this is not a legal service, as there is no human (service) performance. The documents would be created by software. There is no customer contact because the customer operates the software himself. In addition, no legal examination of the individual case is necessary, since the program runs according to a fixed routine and a situation is only inserted into a given grid.

Have there already been judgments in similar cases?

As early as 2019, the Federal Court of Justice ruled on a legal aid program in the ruling on “kleineermiete.de”. At that time the question was whether a rental price calculator represents a collection or a legal service. With this online calculator, customers could see by entering their data whether they were paying too much rent and immediately defend themselves against it. For this purpose, the program directly commissioned the company behind it to enforce the rights. The BGH has declared this rental price calculator to be permissible.

How the first civil senate decides in the case of the contract generator is open. The industry for such offers is booming. The ruling is therefore likely to be another important step towards greater legal certainty.

They say the law’s wide scope of application could put foreign businesses in China in a big dilemma, as they could be caught between complying with foreign sanctions and the law. ban them from taking such measures. Chinese technology company Huawei. Photo of CPO MAGAZINE According to Article 12 of the law passed by the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress on June 10, organizations and individuals that enforce or support foreign sanctions can be brought to court and forced to must “stop the violation and pay compensation”. Lester Ross, a partner at Beijing-based law firm WilmerHale, said he was concerned the new law would force regulators to “reduce companies’ discretion in determining whether they want to do business with them.” With whom”. “If so, this could have a big impact, especially for financial institutions,” he said. Businesses that may be at risk include multinational fashion brands that have announced they will not use cotton from Xinjiang after being banned by the US over human rights concerns, or suppliers to telecommunications giant Huawei, which has been hit by US export restrictions. Observers say the new law establishes a clear legal foundation for regulations issued by the Commerce Department last year. These include so-called untrusted legal entities lists, which identify foreign agencies deemed to pose a threat to China’s national security or interests and subject them to measures such as fines, economic restrictions and visa restrictions for employees. In January, the ministry also introduced a “blocking regulation” that forces Chinese organizations and individuals to report whether they have encountered any restrictions from foreign governments with the risk of fines if not, and allow them to claim. Tian Feilong, PSG at Beihang University’s law school, who has participated in consultations on the new law, said the blocking regulation has affected compliance with certain US sanctions. “In China, for example, Huawei can sue Taiwanese semiconductor giant TSMC for economic damages and seek compensation for the consequences,” Tian said. “Our court may rule that TSMC loses and Huawei will have a domestic legal channel to protect its interests. In this case, TSMC will have to decide whether to honor the sanctions. US sanctions or respect anti-sanctions laws in China,” he added. Tian said a leadership group would be set up to coordinate and enforce anti-sanctions measures, including representatives from the ministries of commerce and foreign affairs and the National Development and Reform Commission. “Simply put, foreign companies participating in sanctions against China will lose the Chinese market. Many companies need to weigh their pros and cons, whether to choose sides in the market. the Chinese market or the US and European markets, and between Chinese law and foreign law,” he said.

According to Deputy Minister of Justice Nguyen Thanh Tinh, head of the steering committee of the program to vote and honor the “Legal Example”, the “Legal Mirror” poll is an activity to honor and honor outstanding individuals. in building and enforcing the law, thereby spreading good images, heroic examples and sacrifices of citizens, cadres and civil servants in the cause of building a socialist rule of law state. Vietnamese meaning. Voting and honoring outstanding individuals in the formulation and implementation of the law in order to diversify forms of legal propaganda, dissemination and education; improve the effectiveness of law propaganda by building typical individuals, typical figures in law making and implementation, spreading the spirit of rule of law, living and working according to the Constitution and the law. . “Legal example” will be honored on Vietnam Law Day (November 9). Voting results are made objectively and publicly based on voting records and voting criteria. The voting committee will unanimously select on the basis of records and titles of individuals selected for the final list. Dr. Dao Van Hoi, Head of the Organizing Committee, Editor-in-Chief of the Vietnam Law Newspaper, said that the subjects for the vote were civil servants, public employees, employees in State agencies, armed forces, enterprises and employees. People who have made achievements and are considered and awarded titles and awards by the agencies where they work, the State agencies in charge of the sectors or fields or by political organizations, socio-political organizations, and socio-professional organizations. at provincial, city or higher levels for efforts and contributions in the process of performing tasks. Individuals residing in Vietnam whose specific actions and jobs are positive, set an example, and contributed to the process of building and organizing and implementing the law, which have been recognized by State agencies and major organizations. The socio-economic and professional society rewards for achievements, which have positive implications for the formulation and organization of law enforcement. Individuals living in Vietnam have acted heroically and sacrificed in the defense of the law; protect the legitimate rights and interests of agencies, organizations and communities, and are proposed by agencies, organizations and enterprises to consider and honor the Law’s example in recognition of their courage, faith and hope. born for the cause of building and implementing the law; contribute to spreading the spirit of rule of law and noble human values ​​in society. The list of voting council consists of 11 members The Voting Council is a collective consisting of reputable individuals representing State agencies, socio-political organizations, and socio-professional organizations established by the Organizing Committee to conduct the voting. The title of Mirror of the Law. Based on the voting results of the Voting Council, the Organizing Committee will announce the list of organizations and individuals receiving titles and awards. 1. Mr. Tran Duc Vinh, Deputy Editor-in-Chief of Vietnam Law Newspaper, Chairman of the Council;
2. Mr. Le Ve Quoc, Director of the Department of Legal Dissemination and Education, Ministry of Justice, Vice Chairman of the Council;
3. Mr. Do Ngoc Thinh, Chairman of Vietnam Bar Federation, Member;
4. Mr. Ngo Sach Thuc, Vice Chairman of the Central Committee of the Vietnam Fatherland Front, Member;
5. Mr. Nguyen Huu Dot, Deputy Director of the Research – General Department, Central Committee for Emulation and Reward, Member;
6. Colonel Vu Huy Khanh, Deputy Director of the Department of Legal and Administrative and Judicial Reform, Ministry of Public Security, Member;
7. Colonel Nguyen Tien Ai, Deputy Head of Information and Press Department, Department of Propaganda and Training, General Department of Politics, Ministry of National Defense, Member;
8. Mr. Le Dinh Quang, Deputy Head of Policy and Law Department, Vietnam General Confederation of Labor, Member;
9. Mr. Phan Huu Minh, Member of Standing Committee, Head of Inspection Committee of Vietnam Journalists Association, Member;
10. Mr. Tran Van Quang, Deputy Head of Law Research, Development and Dissemination Department, Vietnam Bar Association, Member;
11. Ms. Phan Minh Thuy, Head, Legal Department, Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Member,

Among them, there are many artists promoting products that they have never used themselves. And only after being discovered and exposed in front of the public, did the artist officially have an apology with explanations for his own wrong. Artist Quyen Linh, who used to advertise, claims that the product he is introducing is 70 times better than normal curcumin – the function is not listed in the advertising certificate issued by the Food Safety Authority. , expressed regret: “The recent advertising incident is a profound lesson for me after more than 20 years of doing art. I apologize to the audience for my lack of restraint. This is a lesson for me to learn from. I have never advertised a product that is not from a clear source.” Or recently, People’s Artist Hong Van posted on his personal Facebook page an apology to the audience for advertising low-quality products: “Van would like to bow her head to apologize for failing to check the credibility and method of sales of the product advertised. As an artist who receives a lot of love and support and trust from the public. Van deeply regrets not being fully aware of his responsibilities. Van apologizes for acting recklessly.” Along with that are the explanations: “Before receiving the advertisement, Van reviewed the business license and qualified product certificate from the Health Department. However, the promotional video makes consumers misunderstand about drugs and functional foods, making the audience angry. Not only Quyen Linh and Hong Van, but in fact, many other artists have also been accused of false advertising but have remained silent so far. Surely people still can’t forget the “11 billion dong of fake cosmetics” case from a distribution company that happened in 2017. Many artists were condemned by netizens for abetting fraud and taking advantage of trust. fan love. And there are many other controversies of the artist world related to the introduction of poor quality products that took place in the past but not a single artist was dealt with. It is the lack of strict handling that has led to the current state of rampant advertising, out of control. It is normal for artists to sign advertising contracts with brands and businesses to advertise products, goods and services. It is a legitimate and legitimate source of income for artists. However, participating in the advertising market, artists need to learn the legal regulations. When an artist falsely advertises and deceives consumers, it is a wrongdoing, violating the law because of the risk of adverse effects on health, life and economic damage to those who have trust them. Artists must also be equal before the law like other citizens. This means that it must be handled in accordance with current law. With the public apology of some artists, it partly received sympathy from the public. But many people think that it is necessary to punish in accordance with the law to be a deterrent. Because the products that artists advertise falsely are things that directly affect human health that can be dangerous at any time. It’s not that the artist who made a mistake is allowed to let it go after publicly apologizing. According to Article 50, Decree No. 38/2021/ND-CP of the Government, effective from June 1, violations of regulations on drug advertising can be fined up to 40 million VND. Even the violator may be prosecuted for penal liability, if causing damage must pay compensation according to the provisions of law. Recently, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism has also asked leaders of agencies managing artists and actors (public and non-public) to strengthen the dissemination of legal regulations and orientations for the contingent of artists and actors. belonging to the unit to raise awareness, responsibility and reputation of themselves to the community and society; have regulations on management and handling of responsibility for cases of violations. Public opinion is still waiting for the results of inspection and handling by relevant authorities for acts showing signs of taking advantage of fame to deceive, abetting the bad guys to deceive consumers, avoiding the situation. “beat the drums with the drumsticks”.

The 1.5-second limit means it’s nearly impossible for advertisers to deliver any message to viewers that they can click “next” or continue watching. The “suspended” regulation for nearly a decade suddenly applied will cause unfairness In fact, the handling of violations of regulations on advertising not in fixed areas “waiting to turn off or open ads on electronic newspapers up to 1.5 seconds” has been regulated since 2013 at Decree No. 158/2013/ND-CP not until Decree No. 38/2021/ND-CP newly issued. The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, the unit in charge of drafting these documents, said that the provisions of the new Decree have followed the process of the Government. Law on Promulgation of Legal Documents . However, not all policy beneficiaries are aware of the drafts during the consultation process. According to Mr. Tran Trong Dung, Chairman of the Ho Chi Minh City Journalists Association, there are press agencies that have not yet been consulted. The regulation has been in place since 2013 and many press agencies do not know, which can be explained by the fact that advertising has not taken place in accordance with the regulations. Thus, the regulations are set but not enforced, the press has made mistakes for a long time without handling, which means that the law has been inadequate since its issuance. Then suddenly applying it will cause unfairness to advertising on other electronic forms. 1.5 seconds time is not reasonable Studies show that, if an ad attracts attention in the first 5 seconds, readers will decide to continue or not. Research on video advertising by Facebook and Nielsen has also come up with quite interesting numbers that , 47% of the value of a video campaign is transmitted within the first 3 seconds and 74% of the value of a video campaign is communicated through the first 10 seconds. This study also shows: When readers watch the first 3 seconds of a video on Facebook, 65% of these will watch at least 10 seconds, 45% watch 30 seconds. Another Twitter study also found a strong link between watching the first 3 seconds of a video and whether or not viewers watched the entire video. With 1.5 seconds, the viewer only had time to open and close. The 1.5-second limit means it’s nearly impossible for advertisers to deliver any message to viewers that they can click “next” or continue watching. Commenting on this issue, Mr. Vo Thanh Hai, Director of Viettel Media said that 1.5 seconds is not enough to convey a certain message to viewers. And so viewers will not receive the information they need to decide whether to continue or ignore. “Social networks like Google or Facebook have carefully studied the psychology of viewers so that they give the time to turn on or off ads. Psychological studies have shown that with an ad on or off time of 5-6 seconds, it will make viewers accept it. If the time to turn off or open the ad is too long, it will make the ad viewer inhibit and hate it. Thus, the advertising effect will not be as expected. But if the time to turn on or off the ad is less than 5 seconds, it will not be enough for the ad units to convey their short message to the viewers. Obviously, the terms and conditions need to be carefully studied.” Mr. Hai analyzed. Discrimination will cripple the journalism economy The Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism explained that social networks, YouTube are not press agencies, the criteria for operation as well as the audience for participation and interaction are also different. Therefore, the regulation and application of advertising activities on social networks is not the same as that of press agencies. In fact, in terms of content and direction, the Vietnamese revolutionary press has clear operating principles and purposes; comply with legal regulations. In terms of business, competition is fierce; even the mechanism of non-business units is more constrained to the press than other types of enterprises. So, if the legal corridors on advertising keep that mindset, it will cripple the journalism economy. Forecasting difficulties approaching the press in the context that the Covid-19 epidemic has not stopped, some newspapers have stated: “Limit advertising in the press, Google, Facebook are happy to benefit?”, “Rules of the game to eliminate competition”, etc. The chairman of the Ho Chi Minh City Journalists Association described the state of journalism at that time as “shrink”. And Mr. Nguyen Truong Son, Standing Vice President and General Secretary of the Vietnam Advertising Association estimated specific numbers: If these provisions are implemented, more than 80% of advertising revenue now goes to Facebook, Google. Should soon accept and amend Mr. Nguyen Truong Son said that the Vietnam Advertising Association has sent documents to the authorities to soon propose the government to amend the Law on Advertising, creating a legal corridor for the press, media and advertising industry. operate smoothly. “This Law on Advertising has been in effect for nearly 10 years but has not yet imposed a fine on any press agency. Decree 38 is specific and has sanctions. However, the regulation that the timeout to turn off or open ads in a fixed area exceeding 1.5 seconds is inadequate. If the press agency is not fined, it is a violation of the law, but applying sanctions will cause difficulties for the press agency. Mr. Son said. On June 1, the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism said that it will conduct a review of 10 years of implementation of the Law on Advertising and guiding documents in order to grasp the changes of advertising activities, new means and methods of advertising to from there, there are recommendations and proposals to amend the regulations in line with reality in 2022. The Chairman of Ho Chi Minh City Journalists Association stated that there should be more seminars to listen to and exchange ideas from relevant parties. Especially the opinions of the press agencies, in order to develop appropriate guidelines, overcome the inadequacies with the subjects governed by the text and promote the advantages.

However, this kind of hearty hospitality is being changed in the face of the Chinese government’s enacted anti-food waste law. VICE. Chinese people show their hospitality with hearty and diverse dishes. Photo: China Highlights. Specifically, restaurants are allowed to charge customers for leaving leftovers. Conversely, a restaurant that wastes food will be fined up to US $ 7,700. Suppliers of food that induce or deceive consumers to order too much will also be fined 1,550 USD. Television stations and online media companies can be fined up to $ 16,000 if they are found to be filmed or shown “drink-and-drink” videos. Many Chinese people question whether this new law is “overreaching” and violates individual liberties, namely eating – the most basic form of human enjoyment. Others find this law difficult to understand, not clear and could interfere with their eating experience. Mukbang videos have been removed on Chinese social media platforms. Photo: @fume_yamyam. Local governments in the land of billions of people have had many different measures to implement the law. For example, a dining association in Wuhan city has proposed a “N-1” rule, where groups of guests are allowed to order only the number of diners minus one. Some restaurants have committed to providing additional small meal options. A restaurant in downtown Trường Sa (Hunan Province) placed a scale in front of the door and suggested the amount of food based on the customer’s weight. In addition, censors have also removed mukbang videos on many Chinese social networking platforms. Earlier, on May 4, the regulator fined a warning level for a bakery in the east of Nanjing city (Jiangsu province) under the anti-food waste law. This bakery was found to be throwing away unattractive or leftover cakes for the day. The store owner then promises to give away the leftovers for free, or turn them into samples for customers to taste, according to the local newspaper. Yangtse Evening News. Diners who do not finish the ordered dishes will be charged according to the restaurant’s regulations. Photo: VCG. On April 29, the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress officially passed the law against food waste, Global Times reporting. This will also put an end to the mukbang trend in the country of billions of people. Although China does not face food shortages, in August 2020, President Xi Jinping launched a campaign to save food. He said the economic disruption caused by Covid-19 was a national wake-up call that the country needed to secure food supplies. Additionally, supply chain disruptions during the pandemic have pushed tens of millions of people to the brink of starvation, according to the United Nations World Food Program. According to Chinese media reported, the country wastes about 35 million tons of food each year. According to Chen Shaofen, a sustainable development strategy researcher at the Chinese Academy of Sciences, a country with a billion population generates nearly one third of the world’s food waste, equivalent to about 135 million tons per year.

Illustration. Source: Internet According to the Department of E-Commerce and Digital Economy (Ministry of Industry and Trade), e-commerce has been bringing many opportunities for SMEs to boost sales and save overall transaction costs. Many violations During more than 10 years of establishment and development, the e-commerce industry has recorded rapid and continuous growth. Data from Center for Information Technology and Digital Technology, Department of E-commerce and Digital Economy, in the past 5 years, the number of businesses and individuals selling goods in the e-commerce market has been increasing. The representative of the Department of E-Commerce and Digital Economy, the Ministry of Industry and Trade also said that the strong growth of e-commerce is giving rise to many new problems, including transparency, customer rights assurance, e-commerce management. on social networks or cross-border e-commerce. Many organizations and individuals take advantage of e-commerce activities to trade prohibited goods and services, smuggled goods, counterfeit goods, infringing intellectual property rights, poor quality goods, and limited goods. business restrictions, goods trading with conditions, expired goods, goods of unknown origin, providing false information to deceive consumers … In the long term, e-commerce activities should not be managed in the “fragmented” style, adjusted for each individual platform. Because, the more we try to control specifically each type of platform, the more small and medium technology enterprises will find it difficult to enter the market. According to the Steering Committee of 389 countries, with the explosive development of e-commerce, commercial fraud activities on e-commerce floors have also increased rapidly in both size and number of cases. In recent times, many social networks and e-commerce applications are being exploited by the objects in loopholes in legal regulations and the management of the authorities to smuggle, trade fraud and trade. sales of counterfeit goods. Analyzing more closely, Mr. Phan Trong Dat – Deputy Secretary General of the Vietnam International Arbitration Center (VIAC) added, e-commerce trading floors often encounter risks when checking, monitoring and comparing information from suppliers. issuing and controlling the quality of goods (fake goods, counterfeit goods, poor quality goods) Supplier problems arise when the quantity and quality of goods cannot be controlled when it reaches consumers, claims about payment, advertising, and promotion. Consumers may face the risk of fraud, receiving poor quality goods, lack or lack of accurate information about the supplier, risks in payment, delivery … It is necessary to legislate current legal frameworks E-commerce is an inevitable trend today. However, the legal frameworks for e-commerce activities and social networking activities have been built mainly since 2013. But these regulations have not kept up with the trend of development, so far it is only a principle. are causing many difficulties in the application process. E-commerce activities in Vietnam are currently developing very quickly and it is difficult to distinguish e-commerce activities on e-commerce trading floors, e-commerce websites and on social networks because these platforms always have the improvement and addition of functions. function is similar. A research report by the Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI) shows that the trend of using social networks as a marketing and distribution channel has been on the rise in recent years. Social networking platforms such as Facebook, tiktok, and Instagram are now all becoming e-commerce platforms, in addition, there is also a livestream mode to introduce goods directly to consumers. Using these platforms for sales, it is extremely difficult to control the quality of goods. A series of infringement detection cases, arrests of pirated goods, nearly full counterfeit goods were continuously discovered, such as a household warehouse in Ninh Binh with an average of 1,000 orders / day, or a warehouse of cosmetics and clothing in Ba Vi with an average of over 3,000 applications / day … According to the representative of the Market Control Department, the biggest difficulty in detecting and handling cases in the e-commerce environment is to have clear facts, must have buyers and have specific goods. While online transactions and payments are virtual, there are no business locations, making the information management force unable to check immediately. Not to mention, most of the transactions in this form do not have invoices and documents, so the detection and handling work is even more difficult. Therefore, in order to effectively control goods and transactions on e-commerce transactions, according to Mr. Nguyen Van Tuan – Deputy General Director of VCCorp, 5 issues need to be clarified. First, posted goods must be managed to ensure intellectual property rights. Monday, management is entitled to impersonation. Tuesday , because if not managed, the problem of price competition will arise. Wednesday was, how to handle and remove bad news, even when needed, it is possible to extract “profiles” of sellers as well as buyers – data management. Thursday, manage tax obligations for service providers on social networks. In the long term, according to Mr. Tran Dang Quang – Institute for Policy Research and Communication Development (IPS), it is not advisable to manage e-commerce activities in the “fragmented” style, adjusted for each individual platform. Because, the more we try to control specifically each type of platform, the small and medium technology businesses and startups will face a lot of difficulties if they want to enter the market. Meanwhile, large businesses with potential and experience may have many ways to respond to the stringent conditions required by law.

Previously, Google was sued by the Australian Competition and Consumers Commission (ACCC), accusing the company of illegally collecting user location data via Android phones in 2017 and 2018. into two specific Google settings that affected the location data collection, “location history” and “web and app activity”. Google’s headquarters in Mountain View, California, USA Photo: theonlinecitizen.com Google once stated that it only collects information from the location history feature on users’ devices from January 2017 to December 2018. However, when users enable browsing and application usage controls, Google also allows Google to collect, store and use this data by default. Google hasn’t told users that they need to turn both of these features off in order to stop the company from collecting data. The April 16 ruling of the Australian Federal Court sided with the ACCC, claiming that Google violated Australian consumer laws by collecting location history of some users even when they refused to share information. believe. However, Federal Court Judge Thomas Thawley only partially agreed to the ACCC’s anti-Google lawsuit, arguing that not all consumers were deceived by Google. In the past, there have been many studies around the world showing that location data is still collected through Android and iPhone devices, even after users believe they have not allowed this. Advertisers need these valuable data to find ways to drive location-related sales and services. However, the Australian Competition and Consumers Commission (ACCC), the body suing Google, affirms that the above ruling is the first legal action in the world on this issue. According to ACCC Chairman Rod Sims, this is a major win for consumers, especially those concerned about privacy online. The court’s decision sent a strong message to Google and other tech firms that big corporations must not deceive consumers. This decision, he stressed, is an important step towards ensuring digital platforms clearly inform consumers about the intended use of data and what they need to do to protect this information. Regarding the Australian Federal Court’s ruling, Google said that the company is considering many options, including the possibility of a complaint. According to Google, the company has provided tight controls on location data, such as the option to automatically delete location history, making it easier for users to control the data. According to the ABC News source, with this lawsuit, Google could face a penalty of up to $ 1.1 million per violation. However, this is not the first time that Google has been sued for unauthorized collection of user locations. Previous lawsuits have accused the tech giant of tracking users through location, browsing behavior, and even collecting personal information from children without parental consent. .. Google has spent millions of dollars in the US alone on privacy fines, but this is not worth considering the giant’s annual revenue.

Justice Minister Eric Dupond-Moretti told Congress: “This is a historic law for children and our society. No adult abuser can ask for the consent of a minor under 15 years of age.

Congress said on Twitter unanimously vote in favor of the bill at the final review.

Some lawmakers mean, meanwhile, that the age of consent below the level where sex automatically constitutes rape could criminalize a consensual relationship between a minor and a single person. several years older.

View of a session in the French National Assembly – Photo: Reuters

Therefore, the “Romeo and Juliet” provision in the law allows for an emotional relationship between a minor and an older individual 5 years of age or older. The term will not apply in cases of sexual assault.

The law also considers incestuous sex with minors under 18 years of age as rape.

In France, many sexual abuse cases against women and children over the years went undetected or undeclared, happening in an environment of power and among celebrities.

But a lot has changed in recent years.

The #MeToo movement spread around the world after many women in 2017 accused US film producer Harvey Weinstein of sexual assault that created a turning point in the matter in France.

France strengthened its law on sex crimes in 2018 by banning street sexual harassment, forcing lewd men to face fines on the spot.

Other people were taken to hospital to treat the injuries, police said.

Indianapolis Police Department spokesman Genae Cook said police immediately arrived at the scene after receiving notification of the shooting at 23:00.

“Eight people died from bullets”, Ms. Cook said. This figure does not include gunmen.

The scene of the shooting. (Photo: USA Today)

According to Cook, it is too early to know if the gunman is an employee of the facility. His motives are also unknown. An investigation is underway.

In a statement, FedEx said: “Safety is our top priority. We are working to gather more information and are working with investigating agencies.”

The base of the shooting had more than 4,000 people working.

An unnamed witness told local media he heard gunshots while working and looked up to see the villain. As he bent down, he heard more gunshots.

This person then ran out of the building and saw another collapsed on the ground.

A series of shootings have occurred in the US in recent weeks.

In early April, President Biden announced a series of executive orders aimed at curbing gun violence.

“Gun violence in this country is an epidemic and a shame to the world. For God’s sake this must stop”, Mr. Biden stressed.

According to Biden’s new decrees, the US Justice Department will increase sweepstakes to reduce the increase in “ghost guns” and support states to pass “red flag law” that controls the identity of gun owners.