16 Psyche is believed to be the core of a dead planet. NASA plans to explore asteroid 16 Psyche – long thought to be the core of a dead planet – in 2022 to determine if it actually contains the precious metal. worth 10 trillion USD, which means making everyone on Earth a billionaire or not. Before that time, however, a new study suggests that 16 Psyche is more than likely just a pile of debris. Research published in the journal Planetary Science shows that 16 Psyche is composed of 82.5% metal, 7% iron content pyroxene and 10.5% carbon chondrite. It can also have a bulk density – i.e. the degree of free space inside – of 35%. These numbers are much lower than previous estimates that said it could contain up to 95% metals, mainly iron, nickel and gold. NASA has planned to probe the asteroid 16 Psyche, which is said to be filled with iron, gold, nickel and platinum, in 2022. The study’s lead author, David Cantillo, a senior at UA Arizona University, said in a statement: “The drop in metal content and bulk density is interesting because it shows that 16 Psyche is very strong. different than previously thought”. “It would come as a surprise to see Psyche as a pile of debris, but our data continue to show low bulk density estimates despite its high metal content,” Cantillo said. If the “gold-filled” asteroid was more like a wreck and had less metal inside, as Cantillo and other researchers believe, it wouldn’t be that different from other asteroids in the Solar System, for example. like the asteroid Bennu. Now, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission recently embarked on a 2.2 billion-kilometer journey back to Earth after collecting nearly 1kg of rock and dust from Bennu, which could help shed light on how the Solar System formed. . To arrive at their new discovery, the researchers reconstructed the surface of 16 Psyche in the lab, mixing the different ingredients until the patterns of visible light matched those of the asteroid. “Having a lower metal content than previously thought means the asteroid may have collided with asteroids containing more common carbon chondrites, depositing a surface layer,” Cantillo said. that we are observing”. However, NASA notes 16 Psyche remains a major concern for scientists. It is the 16th asteroid discovered on March 17, 1852 by the Italian astronomer, Annibale de Gasparis. 16 Psyche takes about 5 years to orbit the Sun once, but only 4 hours to rotate on its axis, making the day on this asteroid only 1/6th of the day on Earth. According to EarthSky.org, 16 Psyche has a diameter of 182 km, containing 1% of all metals in the asteroid belt. Watch a simulation video of asteroid 16 Psyche (Source Daily Mail) Even if 16 Psyche is worth less than the $10 trillion figure, it’s still valuable to researchers hoping to learn more about what they believe to be the remains of a long-dead planet. . Study author Cantillo said: “The opportunity to study the exposed core of a planet is extremely rare, which is why they sent spacecraft missions there, but our work shows that 16 Psyche is much more interesting than anticipated.” The researchers also believe that there is water on 16 Psyche’s surface, so they will look to merge their data with other missions to asteroids to determine how much water is present. The $117 million spacecraft — which NASA began building in July 2020 — will go into space aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. It is expected to reach asteroid 16 Psyche in the asteroid belt in early 2026. The spacecraft will travel for 21 months in asteroid orbit, mapping and studying the properties of the giant meteorite, with the goal of determining if it is indeed the core of a planet. Asteroid 16 Psyche has long been thought to contain large amounts of iron, nickel, gold and platinum. The Metal World of 16 Psyche 16 Psyche is located in the large asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and may have started as a planet, before it was partially destroyed during the formation of the Solar System. It is now a 200km-wide block of metal, made up of iron, nickel and several other rare metals, including gold, platinum and copper. Thus, it could provide a unique view of the violent collisions that created the Earth and the planets. NASA’s mission will seek to determine whether Psyche was the core of an early planet, how old it is, whether it formed in ways similar to Earth’s core and its surface. how. NASA will send an unmanned spacecraft mission to 16 Psyche, scheduled to launch in August 2022. 16 Psyche, which could be 370 million kilometers away from Earth, is one of the most mysterious objects in our Solar System, and scientists may soon get a close-up look thanks to a newly identified NASA mission take. If the asteroid could be transported back to Earth, the iron alone would be worth $10 trillion. Its value would be large enough to destroy commodity prices and cause the world economy – worth $73.7 trillion – to collapse. Assuming the market for material from asteroid 16 Psyche is returned to Earth, this could cause the value of precious metals to plummet, completely devaluing all holdings including those of governments and all companies engaged in the exploitation, distribution and sale of such commodities.

16 Psyche is believed to be the core of a dead planet. NASA plans to explore asteroid 16 Psyche – long thought to be the core of a dead planet – in 2022 to determine if it actually contains the precious metal. worth 10 trillion USD, which means making everyone on Earth a billionaire or not. Before that time, however, a new study suggests that 16 Psyche is more than likely just a pile of debris. Research published in the journal Planetary Science shows that 16 Psyche is composed of 82.5% metal, 7% iron content pyroxene and 10.5% carbon chondrite. It can also have a bulk density – i.e. the degree of free space inside – of 35%. These numbers are much lower than previous estimates that said it could contain up to 95% metals, mainly iron, nickel and gold. NASA has planned to probe the asteroid 16 Psyche, which is said to be filled with iron, gold, nickel and platinum, in 2022. The study’s lead author, David Cantillo, a senior at UA Arizona University, said in a statement: “The drop in metal content and bulk density is interesting because it shows that 16 Psyche is very strong. different than previously thought”. “It would come as a surprise to see Psyche as a pile of debris, but our data continue to show low bulk density estimates despite its high metal content,” Cantillo said. If the “gold-filled” asteroid was more like a wreck and had less metal inside, as Cantillo and other researchers believe, it wouldn’t be that different from other asteroids in the Solar System, for example. like the asteroid Bennu. Now, NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission recently embarked on a 2.2 billion-kilometer journey back to Earth after collecting nearly 1kg of rock and dust from Bennu, which could help shed light on how the Solar System formed. . To arrive at their new discovery, the researchers reconstructed the surface of 16 Psyche in the lab, mixing the different ingredients until the patterns of visible light matched those of the asteroid. “Having a lower metal content than previously thought means the asteroid may have collided with asteroids containing more common carbon chondrites, depositing a surface layer,” Cantillo said. that we are observing”. However, NASA notes 16 Psyche remains a major concern for scientists. It is the 16th asteroid discovered on March 17, 1852 by the Italian astronomer, Annibale de Gasparis. 16 Psyche takes about 5 years to orbit the Sun once, but only 4 hours to rotate on its axis, making the day on this asteroid only 1/6th of the day on Earth. According to EarthSky.org, 16 Psyche has a diameter of 182 km, containing 1% of all metals in the asteroid belt. Watch a simulation video of asteroid 16 Psyche (Source Daily Mail) Even if 16 Psyche is worth less than the $10 trillion figure, it’s still valuable to researchers hoping to learn more about what they believe to be the remains of a long-dead planet. . Study author Cantillo said: “The opportunity to study the exposed core of a planet is extremely rare, which is why they sent spacecraft missions there, but our work shows that 16 Psyche is much more interesting than anticipated.” The researchers also believe that there is water on 16 Psyche’s surface, so they will look to merge their data with other missions to asteroids to determine how much water is present. The $117 million spacecraft — which NASA began building in July 2020 — will go into space aboard a SpaceX Falcon Heavy rocket. It is expected to reach asteroid 16 Psyche in the asteroid belt in early 2026. The spacecraft will travel for 21 months in asteroid orbit, mapping and studying the properties of the giant meteorite, with the goal of determining if it is indeed the core of a planet. Asteroid 16 Psyche has long been thought to contain large amounts of iron, nickel, gold and platinum. The Metal World of 16 Psyche 16 Psyche is located in the large asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter, and may have started as a planet, before it was partially destroyed during the formation of the Solar System. It is now a 200km-wide block of metal, made up of iron, nickel and several other rare metals, including gold, platinum and copper. Thus, it could provide a unique view of the violent collisions that created the Earth and the planets. NASA’s mission will seek to determine whether Psyche was the core of an early planet, how old it is, whether it formed in ways similar to Earth’s core and its surface. how. NASA will send an unmanned spacecraft mission to 16 Psyche, scheduled to launch in August 2022. 16 Psyche, which could be 370 million kilometers away from Earth, is one of the most mysterious objects in our Solar System, and scientists may soon get a close-up look thanks to a newly identified NASA mission take. If the asteroid could be transported back to Earth, the iron alone would be worth $10 trillion. Its value would be large enough to destroy commodity prices and cause the world economy – worth $73.7 trillion – to collapse. Assuming the market for material from asteroid 16 Psyche is returned to Earth, this could cause the value of precious metals to plummet, completely devaluing all holdings including those of governments and all companies engaged in the exploitation, distribution and sale of such commodities.

Photo: The Verge SpaceX’s satellite internet network team Starlink is in talks with “several” airlines to implement allowing users to access the internet on their flights. The project’s vice president said during a conference on Wednesday (June 9) that the company is continuously developing, expanding bandwidth to serve commercial projects later this year. “We’re in talks with a number of airlines,” said Jonathan Hofeller, vice president of SpaceX. “We are developing our own airline service… we have done a number of tests so far and are looking to perfect those products to put on flights in the very near future.” SpaceX began piloting the Starlink satellite in 2018 to address the global scarcity of broadband internet connections, especially in rural areas where fiber optic connections are often unavailable. Under the trial plan, Starlink customers will pay a one-time fee of $499 for a package that includes a Wi-Fi router, self-regulating Starlink pan, and $99 per month for monthly internet services thereafter. Since its first launch, the company has launched nearly 1,800 Starlink satellites out of the 4,400 it estimates it will need for global coverage. Last year, SpaceX submitted plans to test Starlink on five Gulfstream jets. In March, SpaceX also negotiated with the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) to apply Starlink technology on all popular vehicles from trucks, marine ships to airplanes. Elon Musk made it clear on Twitter at the time: “We do not connect Tesla cars to Starlink, because our terminal is too big, This controller is only for airplanes, ships, big trucks “. Starlink’s satellites are in low Earth orbit, lower than the geostationary orbit of the larger satellites that currently provide Internet services to commercial aircraft. It is the technology that makes airlines choose to cooperate with Starlink over other competitors. However, the same technology is now being used by a range of competitors. Amazon recently announced plans for 3,000 of its own low-orbit satellites, and the UK’s OneWeb has also launched 182 of the roughly 640 planned satellites. Competitors to Starlink with plans to commercialize the aircraft are Intelsat and ViaSa, which operate satellite networks in geostationary orbit. ViaSat recently announced plans to use its next-generation satellite network on Delta’s main fleet. The California-based company is planning a low-orbit network of 300 satellites that will begin launching early next year. According to experts, Viasat will be a stiff competitor to SpaceX in the future.

Total lunar eclipse in Mechelen, Belgium, January 21, 2019. Photo: Getty Images. On the evening of May 26, the first total lunar eclipse in more than two years will coincide with a super moon in a special combination of the universe known as a “super blood moon”. The best place to observe this eclipse will be in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, all of Australia, east of Asia and west of the Americas. Vietnamese astronomy lovers can also observe this phenomenon. A total lunar eclipse will last about 15 minutes as the Earth passes directly between the moon and the sun. The entire phenomenon will last five hours, as Earth’s shadow gradually envelops the moon, then begins to diminish. The moon will be orange-red when all sunrises and sunsets in the Earth’s atmosphere are projected onto the surface of the eclipsed moon. Why is it called a super moon? A supermoon occurs when the moon is full at the point where the moon’s orbit brings it closest to Earth. And the “blood moon” appears as it moves through the Earth’s shadow, blocking the light from the sun. A combination of such events will occur on May 26, with a total lunar eclipse followed by a partial lunar eclipse, the moon appearing in red, then fading to gray. The moon’s orbit around the Earth is not a perfect circle. This means that the moon’s distance from Earth changes as it orbits the planet. The closest point in orbit, called perigee, is about 45,000 kilometers closer to Earth than the farthest point of the orbit. A full moon that occurs near perigee is called a supermoon. The Moon when it is closest to Earth is about 12% larger than when it is furthest. Source: Wikimedia. So why call it super? The Moon’s relatively close proximity makes it appear slightly larger and brighter than usual, although the difference between a supermoon and a normal moon is often barely noticeable unless you’re looking at the two side-by-side photos. together. The moon’s orbit is not a perfect circle. Source: Wikimedia. How does a lunar eclipse work? A lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth’s shadow covers all or part of the Moon. This can only happen during a full moon, so first, let’s understand what makes a full moon. Like the Earth, half of the moon is illuminated by the sun at any given time. A full moon occurs when the moon and sun are on opposite sides of the Earth. This allows you to see the entire illuminated side, which looks like a circular disk in the night sky. If the moon had a perfectly flat orbit, each full moon would be a lunar eclipse. But the Moon’s orbit is tilted about 5 degrees relative to Earth’s. So most of the time the full moon lies slightly above or below the shadow formed by the Earth. But twice in each lunar orbit, the moon lies on the same horizontal plane as both the Earth and the sun. If this corresponds to a full moon, then the sun, Earth, and moon will form a straight line, and the moon will pass through the Earth’s shadow. This leads to a total lunar eclipse. To see a lunar eclipse, you need to stay awake at night, when the moon passes through the shadow. The phases of the moon correspond to how bright humans can see from Earth. Source: Wikimedia. Why is the moon red? When the moon is completely covered by Earth’s shadow, it will darken, but not turn completely black. Instead, it is red, which is why a total lunar eclipse is sometimes called a red or blood moon. Sunlight contains all colors of visible light. The gaseous particles that make up the Earth’s atmosphere are more likely to scatter light of blue wavelengths while red wavelengths pass through. This is called Rayleigh scattering, and it’s why the sky is blue, and sunrises and sunsets are often red. Earth’s atmosphere gives the moon its blood-red glow during total lunar eclipses. Photo: Wikimedia. In the case of a lunar eclipse, red light can pass through Earth’s atmosphere and be refracted – or bent – towards the moon, while blue light is filtered out. This causes the moon to appear light red during a lunar eclipse. How does Vietnam watch the total lunar eclipse? According to the Vietnam Astronomical Association (VACA), Wednesday evening, May 26, in Vietnam, most of the central and southern regions will be able to observe the full phase of this phenomenon, while in the north only partially traceable phase. Total lunar eclipse time in Vietnam: – Midnight lunar eclipse begins: 15:47 – Partial lunar eclipse begins: 16 hours 44 minutes – Total lunar eclipse starts: 18:11 – Maximum lunar eclipse: 18 hours 18 minutes – Total lunar eclipse ends: 18 hours 25 minutes – Partial lunar eclipse ends: 19:52 – Midnight lunar eclipse ends: 20 hours 49 minutes. In the northern region: The moon rises above the horizon at the end of the total phase. The observer can only track the partial phase of the phenomenon. For example, in Hanoi, the moon rises at 6:29 pm on May 26. Thus, the observer can almost fully follow the later phase of a partial lunar eclipse from that point to its end. Sometime before 19 o’clock, this partial phase still has very high coverage and is very noticeable. In the central and southern regions: Most of the central provinces will be able to track the last part of the total phase, while most southern provinces will be able to track the entire phase if the viewing angle is wide enough to see the eastern horizon. In Ho Chi Minh City, the moon rises at 18:07, that is, before the total phase begins, and therefore observers in this area and surrounding areas can fully monitor the total phase. Although the total phase can be seen in many areas, at that time the moon is so low that it will be difficult to see in places where visibility to the east is obstructed. The most favorable observation positions to monitor this period are places with a wide view to the East: areas without front houses, roofs or windows of high-rise buildings, the coast… On November 19, astronomical lovers around the world will continue to see an almost total lunar eclipse, the moon dims but does not turn red like this time. The next total lunar eclipse will occur in May 2022. The last total lunar eclipse was in January 2019.

Photos taken on Mars show many features similar to the glaciers in Antarctica. If these covered glaciers do, in fact, exist, they could be a reason to direct future Mars rovers towards this region. This location is inherently attractive to SpaceX and NASA because it is a wide, flat plain that is ideal for landing spacecraft. If there was ice not too deep below the surface, astronauts could also easily have a source of water within reach. Lead researcher Shannon Hibbard, a doctoral student at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, said the newly discovered flow-like features are very strange because they appear on flat terrain. “There’s a lot of evidence that this is an ice-rich area, but we don’t have any confidence that there could be a glacier in places with tortuous features,” said Hibbard. this. They’re existing in a pretty flat plane, so that’s odd.” Mysterious terrain Arcadia Planitia is located in the northern lowlands of Mars. Over the past 3 billion years, lava flows have been active over this area, so it is much less prone to crater cracking than other areas of the planet. Data collected from orbit over many years shows that the ground in the region is rich in hydrogen. Because water is made of hydrogen and oxygen molecules, this hydrogen indicates the presence of ice just below the surface. For decades, scientists have noticed features on Mars that are associated with ice. Along the low hills, there are debris that looks like the flow of a glacier covered in a thin layer of rock. There are also veins in seagulls that look similar to glaciers flowing through valleys on Earth. Similar features also occur in Arcadia Planitia, says Hibbard. Lobate features occur near a set of mountains known as the Montes Erebus that rise from the plain. Images taken from orbit, thermal data showing the surface’s temperature during both day and night, albedo data showing the surface reflectance, dust cover information and altitude data, and topographic. glacial flow The tortuous features are a big mystery because they look like they were created by the flow of ice, but the terrain isn’t steep enough to explain why the ice moves, says Hibbard. “We had to try to figure out what they are, why do they have thermal symbols, why are they so bright all day and night, why do they have flow characteristics, why are they threaded?” she said. Analysis shows that these features are in fact ice-derived. The undulating shapes look similar to other features associated with slow-moving matter found on Mars, Hibbard said, and the data suggests that these spots are indeed rich in ice. The most similar-looking sinusoidal feature, says Hibbard, is the ice flows inside the Earth’s ice sheets, which are mainly found in Antarctica. These faster-moving ice flows are not well understood on Earth, much less Mars, Hibbard says, but they represent an example of ice flowing in fairly flat terrain. This is a controversial claim, says Hibbard, because most of Earth’s ice streams need at least a thin layer of liquid water at their bottoms to lubricate their flow. It’s not clear if water under the ice exists or ever existed on Mars, she said, and it’s not clear whether a wet background is needed to create ice flows on the Red Planet. One possibility could be that in the past, when Mars’ orbit was tilted differently than it is today and its climate was different, sub-glacial melting may have occurred. The study is published in the May issue of the journal Icarus.

Mr. David Parker – Director of ESA shared with the press: “We are entering a new phase – a stage where humans are likely to explore the “eighth continent”. The Moon is a repository of archives. With the Moonlight project our mission is to take an important step towards uncovering the wonders of the Solar System, which stores 4.5 billion years of history, yet we barely understand its secrets. mystery of the universe”. Moon with “satellite constellation” that Moonlight will build, in order to turn this place into “8th continent” – Photo: ESA. The space agency did not disclose the specific cost to carry out this mission, but according to information, a number of companies from the UK, EU and Canada have offered to work with ESA to develop the Moonlight project. They will provide telecommunications and navigation services for crews and robots. The ESA said: “The combination of many agencies and organizations will facilitate the exploration of more space on the Moon. This is one of the goals of the NASA Artemis mission to return humans to the Moon in 2024.” Upon learning of this project, dozens of international, institutional and commercial groups have offered to support ESA. Many of these initiatives come from major space organizations in China, India, Japan, and Russia, along with other astronaut nations and private companies. Outline the primitive base that ESA intends to build, which will start a large city in the future – Photo: ESA. These helpers saw benefits from being involved in the project as: Radio astronomers could set up observatories on the far side of the Moon, with the understanding that the signal would move relay information back to Earth easily and quickly. Commercial agencies could develop supporting new services and products, such as virtual reality games in which players control Moon robots. It is possible to name a number of agencies and organizations that propose to participate in the Moonlight project such as: British company Surrey Satellite Technology (SST) will participate in Moonlight and act as a service provider and producer. satellite output. “Our partnership with ESA will provide the world’s first lunar data relay service,” said SST CEO Phil Brownnett. Or London-based Inmarsat and MDA Space and Robotics Ltd (MDA UK), based at the Harwell Science and Innovation Facility in Oxfordshire, both leading the exploration of ideas. They will work on the development of the Lunar Navigation and Communication Service (LCNS) to support future scientific, exploration and commercial activities on the lunar surface. Yasrine Ibnyahya, Senior Director at Inmarsat said: “I am confident that the expertise and assets from Inmarsat can solve problems in the most efficient and cost-effective way. The Moonlight project is the first step to open up future opportunities, it can facilitate human exploration of space, develop technology and can be the basis for access to new resources. “.

Soviet secret space rocket NPO Mashinostroyenia is a Russian state space development company, which grew out of a Soviet entity, known simply as OKB-52, responsible for the development of the Almaz space station, among other things. Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu’s visit to NPO Mashinostroyenia in early 2021 offers the best and most complete look at the Shchit-1 system to date. The Almaz program was a covert effort to develop military space stations, primarily equipped to carry out intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance missions, hidden within the Saylut civilian space station project. The Almaz effort dates back to the 1960s, only to be officially declassified in the early 1990s after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union planned to “weapon” the Almaz stations from the start, fearing attacks with US anti-satellite weapons – including small but maneuverable “killer satellites”. tall and more traditional interceptors. An example of the Shchit-1 system actually sent into space with the Almaz OPS-2 satellite. The Soviet Union also conducted a remote live-fire test with the system on January 24, 1975, the last day of the station in orbit. The results of the test remained confidential and the next Almaz space station, OPS-3, was launched without any weapons installed. OPS-4, which has never been to space, is believed to carry the Shchit-2 system. However, there is no indication that Shchit-2, although its general existence was previously known, has ever entered space and details about the system are still very limited. As for the “weapon” itself, Leonard Smirichevsky, the current head of NPO Mashinostroyenia, described it to a reporter for TV Zvezda as having four main components. The base of the system was a solid-fuel rocket engine, which was then attached to a rotary stabilization system consisting of a rotating wheel with blade-shaped radiators. There’s a hybrid warhead-propulsion section followed by a nozzle-like radar seeker at the front. By far, the engine – warhead part is the most interesting part. Outwardly, it appears to be a circular array of small, grenade-like charges, which one imagines would create a shrapnel cloud especially dangerous to other objects in the vacuum of space. . However, these projectiles are really solid and are designed to act as interceptors, destroying anything they hit through sheer force of impact. No one knows what happened to Shchit-2 after the Almaz program ended in 1978. It is also unclear why the Russians decided to consider the system at this time. The incident comes amid new discussions about anti-satellite weapons in orbit, including interceptors and guided-energy weapons, as well as killer satellites, and the development of systems this system, both in Russia and the United States, among other countries. Space weapon Shchit-2 on display at NPO Mashinostroyenia. Almaz . military space station The Almaz military space stations, which first began operating in the early 1960s, were intended to be armed from the outset. Almaz stations are expected to be versatile military platforms in space. This plan is for the first types configured primarily for a wide range of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance missions with cameras and many other sensor systems. The delay in the development of the sensor package affected the entire program. In 1971, the Soviet Union launched a civilian space station – Salyut – incorporating some of the design work developed under the Almaz program, along with components from the Soyuz spacecraft. The Salyut program eventually provided cover for the Almaz space station. Of the seven Salyut space stations launched between 1971 and 1991, three are actually of the military type. The first Almaz station, publicly known as Salyut-2 and also known as OPS-1, entered service in 1973. However, an accident on board shortly after launch forced the Soviet Union to abandon it. it before a real crew could be dispatched to join. OPS-2, also known as Salyut-3, followed in 1974. The station was successfully put into orbit on June 25, 1974. The crew stayed there for 15 days to test the Earth-viewing camera with the onboard Agat-1 telescope, which was said to be able to produce high-resolution images of the ground. The second crew failed to reach the station in late 1974 after their Soyuz spacecraft crashed. The third mission to OPS-2 was later aborted and it operated in unmanned mode until leaving orbit on January 24, 1975. In September 1974, personnel on the ground remotely recovered a film “pod” from the Agat-1 camera, then returned to Earth and recovered. The next Almaz space stations, called OPS-3 and Salyut-5, have no weapons on board, at least as far as we know. Plans for an OPS-4 station include a new Shchit-2 self-defense system, reportedly designed to fire interceptor missiles, but no images of that weapon have been made public. The Soviet Union also developed specialized self-defense guns for cosmonauts, such as the TP-82, but they were intended for use on Earth, not in space.

According to the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper, the project to build Russia’s own domestic space station was approved by President Vladimir Putin during a closed-door meeting on the development of the space industry. Work on creating a national orbital station is scheduled to launch in the near future. Experts are faced with the task of building the space object as soon as possible, in order to prevent the long-term absence of Russian cosmonauts in orbit. The publication Moskovsky Komsomolets reminds that the estimated service life of the Russian segment on the International Space Station will end in 2025. After that, the module will be destroyed. The proposal to abandon the ISS was previously announced by the Russian National Space Corporation – Roscosmos. The experts of the above enterprise believe that serious system problems of the orbiting station in operation may begin soon, as its useful life is about to end. According to preliminary estimates, maintaining the Russian segment on the ISS in the coming years will cost 10-15 billion rubles, which is very expensive compared to building a completely new one. The International Space Station has been in use since 1998, its life will end in 2024. Currently, the countries participating in the project are considering options to prolong the existence of the multi-space space research complex. capacity until 2030. In the meantime, it is known that some components for the International Space Station ISS will be utilized by Russia. The first basic module for the future Russian national orbital station could be a component previously designed for the ISS. Experts from RSC Energia are currently working on the Science and Energy module (NEM) and it will be ready for launch in 2025. The head of the Roscosmos Group – Mr. Dmitry Rogozin wrote about this on the Telegram channel of the company. myself. Mr. Rogozin also reiterated that Russia intends to withdraw from the ISS after 2025. By that time, Moscow plans to build its own orbiting station for scientific research purposes. Earlier, Russian Deputy Prime Minister Yuri Borisov said that the situation related to the “aging” of the ISS structure could lead to dire consequences. So Moscow should create an alternative as soon as possible and not put the astronauts at risk. In addition, Borisov also revealed that the future national orbiting station could become “high-orbit” (located above the ISS), which would not only be used for scientific research, but also serve as a “transshipment base” in the mission to conquer the Moon. As for the NEM module, work on its creation began in 2012. According to the plan, by 2015 the device should have ensured energy independence for the Russian subdivision on the ISS. However, at that time only the preliminary design was completed. NEM’s ground tests only really started in 2018. While its launch date has been repeatedly postponed. In the coming time, Russian scientists will certainly have to be more active, because progress is increasingly urgent. In addition to the NEM that will become the main module, according to Dmitry Rogozin, two permanent working modules named Nauca and Prichal may also become part of the Russian space station in the future, both modules will be sent to the ISS in the future. this year.

Chinese people watch the rocket that sent the Tianwen-1 probe into space. Photo: AP The China National Space Administration (CNSA) announced on May 15 that the Tianwen-1 (Tianwen-1) probe had successfully landed on the surface of the “Red Planet”. “China has left its footprints on Mars for the first time, an important step for our field of space exploration,” Xinhua news agency said. The New York Times reported that since 1976, the US has successfully landed on Mars nine times. The Soviet Union in 1971 became the first country to send a lander to the surface of the Red Planet, but the mission was unsuccessful because the probe then stopped transmitting. Recently, China has continuously recorded new space science achievements. On the morning of April 29, China launched the first module to build its own Space Station (CSS). It seems that to catch up with the US and Russia, China’s ambitions do not stop at Mars and the space station. Moon Dream In January 2019, China was the first country to land a probe on the dark side of the Moon. The dark side can be understood as the night side of the Moon while the other side is observable from Earth due to receiving sunlight and is the day side. This is China’s second successful landing on the lunar surface, the first being in 2013. China is the third country in the world to successfully explore the Moon, after the US and Russia. In December 2020, China sent another probe to the Moon, which is Chang’e-5. On December 16, 2020, the Chang’e-5 spacecraft landed in Inner Mongolia carrying samples from the lunar surface. This is the first time scientists have collected samples from the lunar surface, after the Soviet Luna-24 mission in 1976. Moon samples brought back by Chang’e-5 are on display at the National Museum of China in Beijing. Photo: Getty Images China plans to launch three more spacecraft to the Moon by 2027. Beijing’s goal is to establish a base on the Moon that can be accessed by astronauts within the next decade. In March, the Russian space agency Roscosmos said it would cooperate with China in building a research station on the Moon. However, the two countries have yet to announce the details of this coordination plan. Serious competition The fragmentation of China’s Long March 5B missile falling into the Indian Ocean in May has drawn much criticism from international public opinion. In April, this Long March 5B rocket sent the core module into space to build China’s first space station. In the near future, China plans to carry out 11 more launches to complete the space station by the end of 2022. The International Space Station (ISS) jointly developed by Russia, the US and many countries will “retire” in 2024. It is still unclear what will happen next. The US National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) advocates keeping the ISS operational for a few more years. Russia meanwhile announced it would withdraw from 2025. In the event that the ISS is completely shut down, China will be the only country that owns the space station. Accordingly, the Chinese space station named Thien Cung is expected to be able to host three astronauts operating at the same time. China has selected a team of 18 astronauts, including only one woman. The first three astronauts are expected to spend three months in space. Mars and more Model of China’s first space station. Photo: AP China announced that it plans to make one more Mars landing by 2028 and bring samples from the planet back to Earth for study. NASA and the European Space Agency are also embarking on this work in the hope that the US Perseverance probe, which landed on Mars in February, can bring soil and rock from Mars to Earth by 2031. This is said to be more likely to lead to a race between the parties. China also plans to take 10 years to collect samples from the comet. In addition, the country also intends to set up spacecraft to orbit around Venus and Jupiter. By 2024, China plans to launch a space telescope like the US Hubble, which has been in orbit since 1990. On China Space Day (April 24), President Xi Jinping wrote a letter to senior space scientists, encouraging them to “intensify and expand space exploration and rapidly quickly turn China into a space power.

Photo: India Express It is known that on May 15, China confirmed that Tiawen-1 had successfully dropped the Zurong rover to the surface of Mars. This is a historic milestone that makes China the second country to successfully launch a probe on the Red Planet. In the past, only NASA has succeeded in landing and operating probes on the red planet. (The Soviet Mars 3 spacecraft landed on Mars in 1971 and remained in contact for only about 20 seconds.) The landing took place at Utopia Planitia, a flat land on Mars and the same area where NASA’s Viking 2 rover landed in 1976. After landing, the lander dropped the Zhurong rover – Powered six-wheeled robot named after the god of fire in ancient Chinese mythology. The spacecraft carries an integrated toolkit, including two cameras, a Mars subsurface probe radar, a Mars magnetic field detector and a Martian meteorological tracker. “This is the hardest place to land in the solar system,” said Emily Lakdawalla, author of “The Design and Engineering of Curiosity.” China’s success in its first attempt indicates that it is one of the most capable space agencies.” The European Space Agency also tried to land on Mars in 2003, but its Beagle 2 probe had problems. The ExoMars Schiaparelli spacecraft – another ESA (European Space Agency) effort also crashed in 2016 after software mis-estimated its altitude during a landing attempt. Photo: The Verge The Tianwen-1 spacecraft launched from Wenchang Launch Site in Hainan Province, China last July, embarking on a seven-month trip to Mars. China said that “Tianwen-1 has been operating normally since it entered the orbit of the Red Planet,” the China National Space Administration (CNSA) said in a statement on the morning of May 15. CNSA revealed that Tianwen-1 has collected a large amount of data and photos taken from the orbit of Mars. Andrew Jones, a journalist covering China’s activities in space, said that Tiawen-1 has been exploring the Utopia Planitia landing site for more than three months while orbiting Mars. Now, after a successful landing, the Zhurong rover will embark on a mission that will last at least three months to study Mars’ climate and geology. “The main mission of the Tiawen-1 mission is to conduct a comprehensive and extensive survey of the entire planet using orbiters and to bring the probes to surface locations of great scientific interest. focused to conduct detailed investigations with precision and high resolution,” the leading scientists wrote in Nature Astronomy last year. It is known that this expedition vehicle weighs about 240kg, nearly double the weight of China’s previous Yuto Moon. The CNSA said last month: “The Mars rover Zhurong is hoped to ignite the fire of China’s interplanetary exploration and guide humanity into the vast unknowns of outer space.” Photo: The Verge Before Tiawen-1 successfully landed on Mars, the United States also successfully landed 5 rovers on the surface of the Red Planet. More recently, on February 20, 2021, NASA’s Perseverance probe passed through the atmosphere of Mars and landed on the planet on a historic mission to recover rocks to help answer the question. whether life ever existed on Mars. Although this CNSA project is more than four decades behind NASA, this success of China shows that its space engineers are rapidly closing the gap with the US. Tiawen-1 marked a big step for China in the field of space exploration. Previously, China also became the first country to successfully land and operate a probe in the dark side of the Moon in 2019. Recently, China also successfully launched its first core module. Chinese space station. In the future, this will be inhabited by groups of astronauts in space. Earlier this year, China, in partnership with Russia, announced plans to build a space station on the surface of the Moon.

The Global Times (China) on the morning of May 15 reported on the successful landing on Mars of the Tianwen 1 mission. According to RT (Russia), the Tianwen 1 (Tianwen-1) spacecraft of the China National Space Administration (CNSA) was successfully launched from Wenchang Launch Site on July 23, 2020 and orbited Mars since February 10 this year. This interplanetary mission is China’s second attempt to reach the “Red Planet” after the 2011 Mars mission of the Huang Huo 1 (Yinghuo-1) probe. Citing CNSA sources, Chinese state media confirmed that the Tianwen 1 spacecraft successfully landed the Zhu Rong (Zurong) rover on the Martian surface on the morning of May 15. Thien Van 1, weighing 5,000kg, includes an orbiter, a lander and a golf cart-sized rover called Chuc Dung, named after an ancient fire god in the god of fire. Chinese phone. Carrying the Chuc Dung rover, the lander endured “seven minutes of horror” as it plowed through the Martian atmosphere on a parachute support lander. The spacecraft landed in Utopia Planitia, the same area where NASA’s Viking 2 mission landed in 1976. Watch a simulation video of the Chinese lander’s landing on Mars: (Source: Global Times) Earlier, in a statement on the same day, CNSA said, “The Tianwen 1 probe has been operating normally since its successful launch on July 23, 2020”. The agency added that it had collected a “massive amount” of scientific data as the Tianwen 1 rover orbited Mars. “With the assessment of the flight status, the Tianwen 1 probe is scheduled to conduct a landing operation against the Utopia Planitia area at the appropriate location from the early morning of May 15 to May 19 according to the Beijing time,” the CNSA statement said. The Utopia Basin is the largest recognized basin on Mars, with a diameter of about 3,300 km. Graphic image of China’s probe landing on Mars. Photo: Space The image of Mars was taken from afar by the Thien Van 1 spacecraft. Photo: AFP. According to The Verge, China is planning to land a pair of robots on the surface of Mars, making a daring attempt to become the second country to successfully land and operate a rover on Mars. Red Planet. China launched the unmanned Tianwen-1 spacecraft from the southern island of Hainan in July 2020, with the goal of sending a rover to the surface of Mars to collect data about the source groundwater and look for possible signs of ancient life there. So far, only the US has successfully implemented the technique to bring the rover to Mars and operate it. After a journey of nearly 7 months, the Tianwen 1 spacecraft successfully moved into Mars’ orbit on February 10 and then sent back to Earth many high-definition pictures of the Red planet’s surface. Image of the surface of Mars taken by the Tianwen 1 spacecraft from a distance of 330 to 350 km. Photo: AFP. “The main mission of Tianwen 1 is to conduct a global and extensive survey of all of Mars using orbiters and to bring the probes to surface locations of scientific interest to conduct detailed investigations with precision and high resolution,” the Tianwen 1 mission’s leading scientists wrote in the journal Nature Astronomy last year. Long March 5B rocket, the same type that launched the Tianwen 1 spacecraft to Mars, during the launch event of China’s space station module in April. Photo: AFP/Getty Images Model of the Tianwen 1 probe. Photo: AFP The Tianwen 1 mission marks the latest step in China’s rapid succession of advances in space exploration. The country became the first country in history to land and operate a probe on the far side of the Moon in 2019. Beijing also completed a lunar sampling mission last December. , with launching a robot to the Moon and quickly returning it to Earth carrying soil samples. Tianwen 1 is China’s first Mars landing mission, but it’s not the country’s first attempt to send a probe to Mars. The first is a fairy orbiter called Huynh Hoa 1, launched in 2011 with Russia’s Phobos-Grunt mission. This ship did not go beyond Earth orbit after launch, plunged into the Pacific Ocean and was destroyed. Before the successful Mars landing of the Tianwen 1 mission, the US successfully landed 5 rovers on the surface of the Red planet. Most recently, on February 20, 2021, NASA’s Perseverance probe passed through the Martian atmosphere and landed on this planet, with the historic mission of bringing back the rocks to help answer the question. whether life ever existed on Mars. On May 28, 1971, the Soviet Union also launched the Mars probe Mars 3, nine days after its “twin” spacecraft, Mars 2, was launched. Illustration of the Soviet Mars 3 probe on Mars. While making a Mars landing on November 27, 1971, the Mars 2 lander crashed to the Martian surface and disappeared in a dust storm. Then, Mars 3 landed in the Ptolemaic crater area in the southern hemisphere of Mars on December 2 of the same year. At first it seemed that Mars 3’s landing went perfectly, but just 110 seconds after landing, the device disappeared in silence. Since then, the Russians have not received any signal from the ship.

However, up to now, there have been many times of debris falling from space on Earth, including an event that happened in 2020. Photo: CNN The good news is that the debris falling on Earth generally poses little threat to human safety. As Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Center for Astrophysics at Harvard University, told CNN: “It’s not the end of the world.” Even so, the issue still raises related questions about debris in outer space, how uncontrollably they fall to Earth, and what precautions should be taken when that happens. out? There have been many times of debris falling back to Earth Most of the debris would be burned in the atmosphere before having a chance to make any impact on the Earth’s surface. However, some large objects, like rockets, may remain intact when returned to Earth and are also likely to fall into populated areas. In 2020, one of the largest debris in space flew over the skies of Los Angeles and Central Park in New York City before falling into the Atlantic. This is an empty core from Chinese missiles, weighing nearly 20 tons, is the largest piece of uncontrolled trash when it fell back to Earth since 1991 and is the fourth largest piece ever. Other larger pieces are from NASA’s Skylab space station in 1979, the missile core of Skylab in 1975, and the Soviet Salyut 7 space station in 1991. The space shuttle Columbia from 2003 could also be included in the list. This is because NASA lost control of the ship when it returned to Earth. How many debris are floating in space? The answer is a lot. Above us there is a “cloud” of more than 9,000 tons of space debris – the equivalent of the weight of 720 school buses. This cloud contains hundreds of thousands – maybe even millions – of objects orbiting uncontrollably, including used rocket propulsion engines, dead satellites and debris from the army’s anti-satellite missiles. These debris are concentrated in the orbital regions closest to the Earth’s surface. And while it does not pose a significant threat to humans on the ground, it does pose a threat to many active satellites that provide a number of services such as climate tracking, studying Earth climate. Land and telecommunications service providers. These debris also threaten the International Space Station (ISS). The ISS station had to readjust its orbit several times last year due to space debris. “A few years ago, we had about 1,000 satellites in orbit, but now we have 4,000 satellites,” said McDowell. The tricky problem is that space transport experts do not have a complete map of the objects orbiting the Earth. Potential collisions are being tracked using government or private trackers on the ground, but the process is largely predictable. When will Chinese rockets return to Earth? The Long March 5B missile is expected to return to Earth’s atmosphere around May 8, according to Defense Department spokesman Mike Howard. Space Command is currently monitoring the missile’s path. According to Howard, the point of return to Earth’s atmosphere could only be accurately determined a few hours ago difficult to start falling back to Earth. However, Space Control Unit 18 will update the missile’s exact location via the Space Track website. Astrophysicist McDowell explained that determining where debris could fall to Earth is almost impossible at this point because the rocket’s travel speed can vary and with only 1 change. Very small is enough to greatly change the direction of the missile. “We expect it to return around May 8-10. During those two days, it will travel around the Earth about 30 times and at a speed of about 18,000 km / h “, according to Mr. McDowell. Still, the oceans are still the safest place for debris to land, as it occupies most of the Earth’s surface. Do people need to be on guard? There’s no need to be on guard, said Mr. McDowell. “The risk of it causing some damage or hitting someone is very small. It can still happen, but the chance of it hitting you is extremely small. I won’t waste a second worrying about it. Because there are still other bigger things to think about, ”said McDowell.

According to Pentagon French speaker Mike Howard, fragments of the 5B Truong Chinh missile, with a length of more than 30 meters and a weight of 22 tons, is expected to fall back into the atmosphere “around May 9”, at the same time. added that the US Space Command is closely monitoring the missile’s trajectory. Using data from the US military, Space Track predicts fragments of the missile will fall between 1:44 a.m. and 4 a.m. on May 9 (international time). Space Track also noted that because it was impossible to determine the correct time of the fall, locating the falling point of the debris is very difficult, but confirmed that it will continuously update the missile wreck’s location through its website. Chinese Truong Chinh 5B missile. Photo: CNN “Risk is possible, there will be some damage but quite small, not insignificant, but the ability to affect people is extremely small” – astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell of the University Harvard (USA), stated. The European Space Monitoring and Monitoring Agency (EU SST) has predicted a “risk zone” includes “any part of the Earth’s surface, including almost all of the Americas, Africa and Australia. , parts in southern Asia (Japan) and Europe such as Spain, Portugal, Italy and Greece “. The extent of the debris’s influence is such a result of the rocket debris’s dizzying rate, even small effects during the fall can dramatically change its trajectory. . “We expect the debris to reappear sometime between May 8 and May 10,” said McDowell. However, as explained by Harvard astrophysicist, the oceans are still the safest place to bet for debris to land, as seas occupy 70% of the Earth’s surface area. China successfully launched the space station’s core module into space with the Truong Chinh 5B rocket, on April 29. Photo: REUTERS Earlier, on May 7, China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs confirmed that most of the debris from the missile would burn when it falls to Earth and is less likely to cause any harm, CNN said. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Uong Van Ban said Beijing is very focused on bringing the rocket’s upper deck back into the atmosphere: “As far as I know, this missile uses a special design. Much of the rocket will be burned and destroyed in the return to atmosphere “. The Beijing government also criticized that the news that the missile unit had fallen out of control and could cause harm was exaggeration by the West. Chinese experts say the situation is nothing to worry about. Fragment of China’s Truong Chinh 5B missile is expected to hit Earth on May 9. Photo: CNN Previously, on April 29, China successfully launched the space station’s core module called Thien Hoa into space with the Truong Chinh 5B boosters from the Van Xuong Spacecraft Launch Center in Hainan Province. This is one of the steps for the country to complete its mission of setting up its own space station, a key effort in China’s plan to master space, probe the Moon, and even Mars. But instead of falling to a predetermined place in the sea like the rockets before, the central stage of the Truong Chinh 5B boosters began to rotate around the globe in a state of out-of-control, according to CNN. Dropping debris from Chinese missile launches to Earth is not uncommon in China. In May 2020, the core of the first Truong Chinh 5B rocket crashed on Ivory Coast, damaging a number of buildings, luckily causing no injuries.

However, an incident later occurred when the core of a missile weighing up to 20 tons lost control and fell back to the ground at an extremely high speed. According to forecasts by both the US space agency (NASA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) at that time, the missile is likely to fall on May 8-10 – and currently the latest forecasts show. It will fall on May 9. Missile Truong Chinh 5B. Description: Thanh Luan Its location is a densely populated place or falls into the sea or uninhabited area is still a big question mark, so this event attracts the attention of most of the world’s major powers. . But many experts advise people in the countries concerned that “should not be too worried”. Specifically, sharing his opinion with CGTN channel on May 8, according to expert Zhang Xiaotian working at the School of Astronaut, Beihang University, told CGTN: “ As for the missile’s return to the ground, we need it to fall into a predetermined safe zone and there are many measures to achieve this goal such as choosing the launch location, controlling the brake. degrees at different stages “. China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs spokesman Uong Van Ban also said that the ability of fragments or missile cores to fall to the ground is extremely low because the missile is designed with special technology. . The Hindustantimes Indian newspaper quoted the Paris-PSL Observatory astronomer Florent Delefie as saying: “ The chance of the debris falling in an inhabited area is very low, with the probability of 1 in 1 million “. Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Harvard, in an interview on Space.com even said that the probability of a personal danger being hit by a piece of paper is just 1 in many billions of possibilities. “The chance of someone getting hurt is probably 1% and the chance of you getting hurt is 8 billion times smaller than that, so don’t worry about it.” Even so, McDowell also criticized China for its somewhat irresponsible actions: “Usually, after the missile completes its mission, the engine will be reactivated and dropped into the ocean or inhabited place, so the damage is very little. However, China did not do that,” he said. they put rockets in orbit and then set them free. “ Theverge quoted Dan Oltrogge – founder of Space Safety Coalition as well as leading expert at Commercial Space Operations Center expressed optimism about the missile core will fall into the sea. He said: “Most of the Earth’s surface is covered with water (70%), so there is almost no danger, the chance of it falling into a residential area is not zero but there would be little to worry about if it does. fell into the ocean “. “The chance of anyone getting hit by debris is very low, extremely low”, he stressed . Have there been instances of missile debris hit causing significant injury? In fact, in more than six decades since humans put their first satellite into the air, there have been no cases of debris hitting people causing significant injuries, according to Stijn Lemmens, an expert at Mechanical European Space Agency. The likelihood of falling into the residential area of ​​the Truong Chinh 5B missile core is very low. Photo: Bulletin The China Space Agency, the main unit responsible for this incident, still keeps information related to the missile secret, so it is still possible to estimate the specific drop position of the missile core. a big question. Most recently, they just made an official announcement. This is not the first case of a Chinese space object losing control, before in 2018, a space station named Thien Cung 1 weighing 8 tons also lost control and fell back to the ground. but no one was injured. Articles translated from sources: Space, CGTN, Hindustantimes, Theguardian

The scene of the launch of the Truong Chinh – 5B missile in Hainan on April 29 (Photo: Tan Hoa commune). According to the Hong Kong news site the East On May 9, China’s Office of Construction to put people into space on Sunday morning said that fragments of the end-propeller compartment of the Truong Chinh – 5B (CZ-5B) rocket launched by China from the Van Xuong launch site, Hainan will return to the atmosphere at 9:12 am on the same day (Hanoi time); the area in which it re-entered the atmosphere lies above 28.38 ° east longitude and 34.43 ° north latitude, in the Mediterranean sky. The European Union’s Center for Space Monitoring and Monitoring (EUSST) had previously predicted that the rest of the missile bay would return to the atmosphere at 2:32 a.m. GMT on Sunday (9:32 a.m. Internal on Sunday), with an error of adding or subtracting 139 minutes. According to EUSST, the probability of a missile fragment falling in densely populated areas is very low, but it can still happen uncertain due to the object’s uncontrolled. Thien Ha module of 100m3 capacity was launched by missile into space. American company Aerospace Corporation again stated that missile fragments will fall to the ground at 3:30 am UTC on Sunday (ie 10:30 am Hanoi time) with an error of plus or minus 4 o’clock. Actual drop times may vary. The Truong Chinh – 5B missile was launched into space by China on April 29 to bring the 100m3 Thien Hoa core module into orbit, this part will be the place for 3 astronauts to live and live on the Air Station. the Chinese Heavenly Palace. The launch of the core module is the first of the 11 missions required to complete the installation of a space station. The carrier was successfully put into orbit, but the rocket’s propulsion chamber lost control and fell back to Earth. According to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of China, the fragment of the missile will catch fire when it enters the atmosphere, so the potential for harm is extremely low. The missile falls down (all brown parts and 2 support chambers) with the trajectory of the debris moving around Trac Dat. Black dot is the falling point predicted by Aerospace on May 8 (Image: UDN). However, there has been controversy surrounding the rocket’s falling back to Earth. The US Army Space Command said on May 4 that they “are closely monitoring and reporting to the public the location of the missile debris. It is currently impossible to determine where it fell to Earth. Asked during a press conference on May 6 whether the US shot down fragments of Chinese missiles, US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said: “We expect it to fall where it will not cause it. casualties; hope it will fall into the ocean or the like “and said the US” has no plans to shoot it down “. During a press conference at the White House on May 5, when asked: “If the Chinese missile fragments cause harm to the US, will the US claim compensation,” White House spokesman Jen Psaki said: “No. it’s time to discuss this. We are tracking its position through Space Command and hopefully not in the end. ” “The US pays attention to solving the problem of space junk caused by increased activities in space,” she emphasized. The US hopes to cooperate with the international community to promote responsible behavior in the space. Photo of debris caught fire while crossing Italy on the night of May 8 (Photo: virtualtelescope.eu). Meanwhile, the Chinese side accused the Western media of overstating the fact that their missiles “lost control” and could cause great damage. According to the Reuters , sheet Global Times China’s claim that reports of the missile “out of control” and can cause damage are just “Western hype”. The Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs believes that the probability of harm caused by this process is extremely low. Mr. Uong Van Ban, spokesperson for China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs on May 7, when answering questions from reporters during a regular press conference, said that international practice allows rockets to enter the atmosphere to throw and destroy. He said: “As far as I know, this missile applies a special engineering design, most of the parts will be worn out and destroyed during the return, potentially harmful to cargo operations,” he said. zero and above ground is extremely low; The relevant authorities will promptly notify the outside situation ”. The Chinese rocket propulsion chamber fell down before (Image: weibo). The Chinese side is very interested in monitoring the reintegration of the missile debris atmosphere, but declined to answer questions about where it was expected to fall, said Uong Van Ban; instead, he advised reporters to “consult the relevant agencies”. However, the National Aerospace Bureau of China did not respond to relevant questions from reporters Bloomberg . Since the US Skylab space station was out of orbit and crashed into Western Australia in 1979, most space programs have tried to avoid sending large missiles into orbit, because in this case Their return to Earth will be difficult to predict. According to the news of The Guardi This uncontrolled China Changzheng-2B missile compartment is 30 meters long, 5 meters wide and weighs 21 tons, it could become one of the largest space debris falling to the ground. Photo of Truong Chinh – 5B rocket propulsion compartment falling on May 6 (Photo: virtualtelescope.eu) This missile compartment is currently freely acrobatic around Earth, is about to enter the lower atmosphere, and is expected to fall uncontrollably down to Earth. Its orbital tilt is 41.5 degrees, meaning that areas of the Earth in the range from the north like Chicago, New York, Rome, Beijing, Hanoi and south to New Zealand, Chile are all on the Road moves and may fall. Although scientists expect that most of the debris will be burned and destroyed as it enters the atmosphere, there are still some that will fall to different places on earth, these parts include a metal and glass numbers have not been burned. Some scientists believe that it is irresponsible for China to let the missile debris return to Earth uncontrollably. “They (China) are responsible,” said Paulo Lozano, director of the Space Thrust Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). They either did not provide enough information or did enough work during the design process to prevent the space object from returning uncontrollably back to Earth. I think that’s very important …. Hope they won’t fall on land, especially in public places, the consequences will be very bad. ” Lozano said that almost all missile launches in the US require a second stage. During this phase, the engine will restart to bring the missile back to earth in an area that does not have any. designated person. However, the Truong Chinh – 5B missile does not have this design. According to Jonathan Black, director of the Maritime and Aviation Systems Laboratory at Virginia Tech, the technology has been in use for the past ten years. Although the Truong Chinh – 2B missile was just launched in late April, its technology is still decades ago. Scientists speculate that the high cost may be the reason China is not adopting new technologies. The propellant compartment of the Chinese missile fell to Guangxi province before (Image: weibo). Harvard astrophysicist Jonathan McDowell criticizes China for being negligent in this regard, not letting objects heavier than 10 tons fall to Earth from space. He said potentially dangerous debris may not be completely burned when returned to the atmosphere at supersonic speeds, but the probability of falling into the sea is higher because 70% of the earth’s surface is covered by Ocean. However, Mr. McDowell told Reuters that it was still possible that missile debris could fall on the ground; can even fall in densely populated areas, like fragments of another Truong Chinh-5B rocket that crashed on Côte d’Ivoire (Ivory Coast) in May 2020, destroying many buildings, But luck did not cause any casualties. Follow the latest information from the page the East at 11:33 a.m.: The China Space Construction Office announced: fragments of the last compartment of the missile carrying Truong Chinh -5B returned to the atmosphere at 10:24 am. The fall zone was located at 72.47 ° east longitude and 2.65 ° north latitude over the Indian Ocean near the Maldives, most of the equipment was burned down during the reintegration of the atmosphere.

4 astronauts returning aboard Space X’s Crew Dragon spacecraft from the International Space Station crashed safely in the Gulf of Mexico, near Panama City at 2:56 a.m. on May 2 (US time). ABCNews reported that the ship left the space station at 20:35 on May 1 after bad weather at the place fell, causing the crew to delay their return twice. But upon landing on target, the spacecraft marked the first night-time fall of an American crew flight in 53 years. The last time was the Moon mission aboard NASA’s Apollo 8 on December 27, 1968. “Dragon, on behalf of NASA and SpaceX, we welcome you back to Earth. For those of you who study in our regular pilot program, you’ve earned 68 million miles (about 109 million kilometers).” on this trip, “a SpaceX crew operations and resource engineer told the Crew-1 astronauts after the spacecraft crashed. “It’s good to be back on Earth,” replied NASA astronaut Mike Hopkins, Crew-1 mission commander. Crew Dragon ship was launched from November 2020. Photo: NASA. Crew-1 marks SpaceX’s second crew flight to the space station and the first to last in six months. The ship was launched into orbit on November 15, 2020. Before that, in May 2020, a test flight of Crew Dragon was also made and lasted for 2 months, bringing 2 astronauts to the international space station. Although SpaceX’s third crew mission has already kicked off, today’s return marks the second crew’s success for the show. That third flight, known as Crew-2, won’t land until later this year. According to information from ABCNews, the Crew Dragon spacecraft has been nicknamed Resilience by astronauts. In addition to captain Mike Hopkins, the ship also carries other NASA astronauts Victor Glover and Shannon Walker and astronaut Soichi Noguchi of the Japan Aviation Exploration Agency (JAXA). Steve Stitch, NASA’s Commercial Crew Program Manager said in live commentary: “Certified vehicles land during the day or at night, so there is no problem with the vehicle itself. And we practiced with recovery groups to land during the day or at night. Steve Stitch added that the process went smoother compared to the recovery of the Demo-2 crew back in August 2020, when NASA astronauts Doug Hurley and Bob Behnken met a small private fleet. . This time, SpaceX and the Coast Guard have tweaked safety procedures to ensure no civilians get too close to the compartment, in case it leaks fuel. “All four crew members are doing very well. You rarely wake up on the space station and go to bed in Houston … Orbital mechanics and weather don’t always work well, but today.” now they have done so, “NASA Flight Manager Holly Ridings said at a press conference after the Crew Dragon landed safely. NASA’s director of human exploration, Kathy Lueder, recounted the radio station’s moment of silence as the Crew Dragon plunged through Earth’s atmosphere: “Astronauts are only anxious when experiencing a blackout – And it’s nice to hear Mike’s voice “… Four astronauts escaped from the hold with the help of medical staff, before returning to shore to catch a NASA plane back to the agency’s headquarters in Houston, Texas. 4 astronauts (from left to right): Shannon Walker, Victor Glover, Mike Hopkins and Soichi Noguchib inside the Crew Dragon. Photo: NASA According to CNN’s information, since leaving Florida in November last year, four astronauts Mike Hopkins, Victor Glover, Shannon Walker and Soichi Noguchi have had 167 days on the International Space Station – laboratory. The scientific experiment orbits the Earth 250 miles above Earth, which has been home to international crews of astronauts for more than two decades. The return of the four astronauts was originally scheduled for April 28, but was delayed due to strong winds in the area. Crew Dragon, also known as Resilience, is SpaceX’s second spaceship. The ship’s resilience broke the record for the longest serving US spacecraft ever docked on the International Space Station and surpassed the 84-day record of the Skylab 4 crew in 1974. Crew Dragon’s first landing took place in August 2020 on a Demo-2 mission, bringing NASA astronauts Bob Behnken and Doug Hurley back from space after a two-month test mission. Before the landing, the second crew of NASA astronauts Shane Kimbrough and Megan McArthur, astronaut JAXA Akihiko Hoshide and astronaut Thomas Pesquet of the European Space Agency were also launched to the Space Station. international post. That means crew 1 has a period of 1 week overlapping in orbit with crew 2. The second quartet of Shane Kimbrough, Megan McArthur, Akihiko Hoshide and Thomas Pesquet will remain in orbit until fall, when the 3rd crew enters space to take their place. Support crews were immediately present around the Crew Dragon vessel area that landed in the Gulf of Mexico early May 2 morning. Photo: NASA The first commercial spaceship SpaceX is one of two commercial companies contracted with NASA to fly astronauts in space. Space X’s Crew Dragon spacecraft can carry up to 7 astronauts and Cargo Dragon; was designed to be launched from the top of the Falcon 9 Block 5 rocket and returned to Earth via a crash into the sea. Unlike its predecessors, this spacecraft can be attached to the International Space Station instead of being anchored. Crew Dragon is equipped with an integrated launch escape system (LES) capable of accelerating a spacecraft from an emergency launch missile with an acceleration of 11.8 m / s2 (39 ft / s2), made using a set of four side-mounted thrusters with two SuperDraco engines on each side. The spacecraft has redesigned solar panels and revised outer mold lines compared to the original Dragon, and also has new aircraft computers and avionics systems. As of March 2020, four Crew Dragon spacecraft have been produced. Crew Dragon serves as one of two spacecraft slated to transport crews to and from the International Space Station under NASA’s Commercial Crew Program, the other being the Boeing CST-100 Starliner. . It is also expected to be used in US space travel company Space Adventures flights and transporting tourists to and from Axiom Space’s planned space station. Crew Dragon’s first drone test flight took place in March 2019, and the first crewed flight with astronauts Robert Behnken and Douglas Hurley took place in May 2020. The two astronauts Victor Glover, Mike Hopkins in the Crew Dragon. Photo: NASA This test flight marks the first time that a private company has launched a crewed orbital spacecraft. Cargo Dragon is expected to deliver cargo to the International Space Station under a Commercial Supply-2 Service contract with NASA, along with Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems’ Cygnus spacecraft and Sierra Nevada Corporation’s Dream Chaser spacecraft. . Cargo Dragon’s first flight is launched in December 2020. On November 10, 2020, the Crew Dragon, comprising the Falcon 9 missile and related ground systems, was fully certified by NASA as the first commercial spacecraft system in history to be capable of maneuvering. transfer people to and from the International Space Station. Initially, the company intended to let Crew Dragon land on land using the LES engine, with parachutes and ocean falls as options available in case of the incident, a Space X representative told reporters. Launch is canceled. Precise landing on water with a parachute has been proposed to NASA as Crew Dragon’s “method of returning to the atmosphere and fundamentally restoring the first few flights”. The forced landing was subsequently canceled, making parachuting the only option. By 2011, Paragon Space Development Corporation had been supporting the development of the Crew Dragon life support system. In 2012, SpaceX was in talks with Orbital Outfitters about developing space suits to wear during launch and return to the atmosphere. Each crew member wears their own custom fitted space suit. The suit is primarily designed for use inside the Dragon, and in the case of the fast depressurization cabin, this suit may protect crew members. The suit can also cool astronauts during normal flight. At a NASA press conference on May 18, 2012, SpaceX confirmed their target launch price for the Crew flights to be $ 160 million, equivalent to about $ 23 million per seat capacity. Crew up to 7 people on board and NASA orders at least 4 Dragon Crew flights per year. This contrasts with the 2014 Soyuz launch price of $ 76 million per seat for NASA astronauts. The design of the Crew Dragon spacecraft was officially announced on May 29, 2014, during a press event at SpaceX headquarters in Hawthorne, California. In October 2014, NASA selected the Crew Dragon spacecraft as one of the candidates to bring American astronauts to the International Space Station, according to NASA’s Commercial Crew program.

On the morning of May 9 (Beijing time), the China Manned Space Engineering Office (CMSEO) confirmed that the fragments of Long March 5B had fallen into the Indian Ocean near the Maldives, the rest was loaded. fire in the atmosphere. The Truong Chinh 5B missile carrying parts for the Chinese space station was launched in Hainan province on April 29. Photo: Reuters. “They are jealous of China’s progress” In addition to the confirmation of the missile falling into the sea, the Chinese media said that Western newspapers are exaggerating the incident, discrediting the country’s space exploration program. “Their hype and smear are in vain”, CNN citing a Chinese source, saying that American scientists are “acting against conscience” and “anti-intellectual”. “These people are jealous of the advancement of Chinese aerospace technology… Some of them are even using loud words to interfere with our future missile launch missions, with the goal of building stations. private universe “, this page says. Earlier, the director of the US Aerospace Agency (NASA) Bill Nelson criticized China after debris from the Long March 5B rocket fell into the Indian Ocean. “It is clear that China has not met the standard of responsible space waste,” said Nelson in a statement on May 9. Compared to Russia (formerly the Soviet Union) or the US, China is a latecomer in the space field. They launched their first satellite in 1970, 13 years behind the Soviet Union and 12 years behind the US. In recent times, the field of Chinese space exploration has been invested more and more strongly. They are the first country to send a probe into the dark of the Moon in 2019, before bringing some rock samples on the Moon back to Earth by the end of 2020. The reason China wants to build a space station On the US side, this country has taken action that China sees as “hostile”, to prevent its space mission. Since 1999, the United States has imposed a restriction on exports of satellite technology to China. In late 2011, the US Congress also passed laws restricting cooperation between NASA and China. That is why Chinese astronauts are not allowed to board the International Space Station (ISS), the only space station in orbit to be completed, operated by cooperation between the US and Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada. The Long March 5B is the largest space object to return uncontrollably to Earth in nearly three decades. Photo: ABC. That is the reason why China plans to build the Tiangong (Tian Cung) space station, which means “heavenly palace”. In late April, the Long March 5B was launched to bring the first module to the space station. But then, the rocket fell into a state of uncontrollability until it was gradually pulled down by Earth’s gravity. Although criticizing the West for “bluffing” the Long March 5B out of control, the Chinese media and experts have ignored the explanation of why the missile makes the world worried. According to the CNN , the Earth’s launch and landing phases of the missile can be predicted. When falling into orbit, manufacturers often equip controls to direct missiles into the sea or keep them in a “graveyard orbit”, which helps them hover in space for decades. This is the second incident related to the Truong Chinh 5B missile. Last year, a 12-meter debris of the missile crashed into a village on Cote d’Ivoire, damaging businesses and homes. Estimated to weigh more than 20 tons, the Long March 5B is the largest space object to return to Earth uncontrollably in nearly three decades. SpaceX’s test missile explodes again when it lands on the launch pad SpaceX’s Starship SN9 rocket landed and exploded on 2/2. This is the first phase prototype of a reusable rocket line that will help send people to Mars.

Mars probe ship. Generates oxygen on other planets The Perseverance expedition ship of the US Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has just made history. It successfully experimented with converting carbon dioxide gas from the Martian atmosphere into oxygen. This is the first time that oxygen production has been performed on another planet. The Mars experiment using local oxygen resources, called MOXIE, is a device the size of an automobile battery and is placed inside the Perseverance. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) is the manufacturing unit. MOXIE is made of a heat-resistant material such as a nickel alloy. It is designed to withstand extreme temperatures of up to 800 degrees Celsius. The device is coated with a thin layer of gold to prevent heat and damage to the Perseverance vessel. On the first test run, MOXIE generated 5.4 grams of oxygen – enough for an astronaut to breathe easily for 10 minutes while still performing normal activities. Engineers will conduct additional tests and find ways to increase oxygen production. By design, MOXIE can generate 10 grams of oxygen per hour. NASA expects the development of experimental instruments not only to help generate oxygen for astronauts in the future, but also to help generate large amounts of oxygen to be used as a rocket launcher for the return journey without. must be transported from Earth. The Perseverance expedition landed on Mars on February 18 to perform a mission to search for signs of microbial life on the “Red Planet”. In the coming years, the Perseverance ship aims to collect 30 soil and rock samples to send back to Earth (estimated around 2030) for analysis. Dang Vu Tuan Son, Club of Astronomy and Astronomy of Vietnam, said that oxygen-rich atmosphere should not be seen as steel evidence for life on other planets. Nowadays, to look for signs of life, scientists often use biological structures as guides. Its biological form and life-forming compounds serve as indirect evidence for its presence. On Earth, the oxygen in our atmosphere is one of the most obvious biological characteristics that an alien astronomer can notice. It is only in our atmosphere in such large quantities because plants and bacteria photosynthesize it has been creating it for billions of years. Oxygen is not synonymous with life A new study published April 13 in the journal AGU Advances suggests that terrestrial planets around stars like the Sun can develop oxygen atmospheres without help. from life. This means that detecting oxygen on a planet does not mean that the planet is capable of life. This study uses a computer model that allows scientists to experiment and observe the evolution of a planet. In the first model test, the researchers attempted to accurately reconstruct our Earth. Then they changed the initial conditions to different from what was made up of Earth, and the results they got showed that there are many cases where the planets still contain oxygen but do not require any changes. living. In fact, they have found three main ways for a rocky planet to have an oxygen-rich atmosphere without the presence of life. The first scenario is an Earth-like liquid water planet with oceans 50 times (or more) larger than on Earth. All of that water puts great pressure on the planet’s crust, shutting down the geological activity. This prevents things like the weather and the melting of rocks being two factors that cause oxygen to disappear from the atmosphere. The second scenario is the opposite: A dry desert world with 30% less water than Earth and they will solidify with a “steam atmosphere” for about a million years. This provides a large amount of oxygen in the atmosphere, as sunlight breaks down the molecules of water and hydrogen released into space. And because the planet’s solid desert surface cannot remove any oxygen, it stays in the atmosphere. The last way for a lifeless planet to have an oxygen-rich atmosphere is if the original planet had a higher ratio of carbon dioxide to water than the early Earth. In this case, the planet undergoes a greenhouse similar to what happened on Venus and becomes too hot for oceans to form in the first place. It is also too hot for volatiles to exist in the planet’s mantle, where they will isolate oxygen through chemical reactions. Instead, these volatiles are in the atmosphere, where they can no longer remove oxygen. The planets could have better life than the Earth Researchers have identified more than 20 planets outside the Solar System that have better conditions for life than Earth. Some of these planets have orbits stars that are probably even better than the Sun. A study led by Dirk Schulze-Makuch at Washington State University published in the journal Astrobiology details the features of planets with superlative potential, including is composed of planets that are older, slightly larger and warmer, and possibly more water than Earth. Life can also easily develop on planets moving around slower-changing stars that have longer lifespans than the Sun. The top 24 candidates for habitable planets are all located more than 100 light-years away from us, but Schulze-Makuch says this rescue could help future observations to focus properly, such as the James Webb space telescope, NASA’s LUVOIR space observatory and ESA’s PLATO space telescope. Researchers have selected planetary systems that are likely to have terrestrial planets moving around the parent star in the region of the habitable zone (an area that allows water to exist as a liquid on the planet’s surface) from Kepler’s archival data on transiting exoplanets. Our sun has a relatively short lifespan, less than 10 billion years, because it takes nearly 4 billion years for complex life to form on Earth, so many stars are similar to the Sun (types of G stars). ) may run out of fuel before life can develop. Along with monitoring the types of G stars, the researchers are also observing K-stellar systems, which are colder, smaller, and fainter than the Sun. Type K stars have lifespans that can last from 20 to 70 billion years. That allows the planets moving around it to grow older and allow life to have more time to have life as complex as Earth does today. However, for the planets to stay alive, the planets could not be too much as they could end geothermal activity and no longer have a protective magnetic field. Earth is about 4.5 billion years old today, but researchers think that the most ideal time for life on a planet is between the ages of 5 billion and 8 billion.

Photographs taken on Mars show many glaciers-like features in Antarctica, If these covered glaciers do, in fact, exist, they could be a reason to direct future crews to Mars towards this area. The location was inherently attractive to SpaceX and NASA because it was a wide, flat plain, ideal for landing spacecraft. If there is ice that is not too deep below the surface, the astronauts can also easily have water within reach. Lead researcher Shannon Hibbard, a graduate student at the University of Western Ontario, Canada, said the newly discovered flow-like characteristics are very strange because they appear on flat terrain. “There is a lot of evidence that this is an area with a lot of ice, but we don’t have any confidence that there could be a glacier in places with winding features,” Hibbard said. this. They exist in a fairly flat plane, so that’s weird. ” Mysterious terrain Arcadia Planitia is located in the lowlands north of Mars. In the past 3 billion years, lava flows have been active in this area, so it is much less prone to cracking with craters than in other areas on the planet. Data collected from orbit over many years show that the ground in the area is rich in hydrogen. Because water is made up of molecules of hydrogen and oxygen, this hydrogen shows the presence of ice just below the surface. For decades, scientists have found features on Mars to be related to ice. Along the low hills, there are debris that look like a glacier flow covered in a thin layer of rock. There are also patterns in gulls that look similar to glaciers that flow through valleys on Earth. Similar features occur in Arcadia Planitia, Hibbard said. Lobate features occur near a set of mountains called Montes Erebus that rise up from the plain. Orbital images, thermal data showing surface temperature during day and night, albedo data showing surface reflectivity, dust cover information and altitude data, and topographic. Glacial flow The winding features are a big mystery, Hibbard says, because they look like they were created by the flow of ice, but the topography is not steep enough to explain why the meteor was moving. “We had to try to figure out what they are, why they have thermal symbols, why they are so bright day and night, why they have flow characteristics, why Are they threaded again? ”she said. The analysis showed that these traits were in fact derived from ice. The curled shapes look similar to other features related to slow-flowing matter seen on Mars, Hibbard said, and the data shows these points actually contain a lot of ice. The most similar sinusoidal feature, Hibbard says, is the currents inside the Earth’s ice sheets, which mainly occur in Antarctica. These faster moving ice currents are not well understood on Earth, much less than Mars, but they do show an example of ice flowing in fairly flat terrain, Hibbard says. This is a controversial claim, Hibbard says, because most ice currents on Earth need at least a thin layer of liquid water at their bottom to lubricate their flow. It is unclear whether sub-ice water existed or existed on Mars, she said, and it is not clear if a wet background is needed to create ice currents on the Red Planet. One possibility might be that in the past, when Mars’ orbit was tilted differently than it is today and its climate was different, melting under ice may have occurred. This research was published in the May issue of the journal Icarus.

This weekend, China’s Long March 5B (Truong Chinh 5B) missile will fall back to Earth. Instead of falling into the sea as originally planned, the Long March 5B was orbiting the Earth and lost control. The silence from the China National Space Administration (CNSA) coupled with the rocket’s too fast travel speed makes scientists at other space research institutions do not have enough computational data, see rockets. Where will it fall. Hard to have human casualties The Long March 5B missile is 30 meters long, weighs 22.5 tons, and when it falls to the ground the equivalent of a small plane falling and debris flying 160 km away. This is the comment of Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. In 2020, a 50 meter long fragment also from a Chinese rocket crashed into the Atlantic, just 13 minutes after passing New York City with 9 million inhabitants. However, a 12-meter-long piece may have crashed in a village on Ivory Coast, according to the report The Verge , from the source of the local newspaper Afriksoir. The villagers heard a loud explosion, lightning, and noise at the same time that scientists calculated missile debris. The 12-meter-long debris that fell on the village of Mahounou on Ivory Coast in May 2020 is believed to have belonged to the Truong Chinh 5B missile. Photo: Afrik Soir. The orbits re-enter the atmosphere of rockets, which are inherently difficult to predict, because they travel at speeds of thousands of kilometers per hour. Scientists can only calculate accuracy after the rocket has returned to the atmosphere and began to fall. However, according to Mr. McDowell’s estimates, there will be no loss of life. Rockets will usually be burned most of the time when they pass through the atmosphere. Only a few parts, which are designed to be more heat resistant, can fall back to Earth. However, with a planet’s surface area of ​​up to 75% that is water, and also much of the ground uninhabited, the probability that missile debris could fall right where humans are inhabited is very low. “The worst scenario is that when a small piece falls on a person, that person is more likely to die. The probability that a lot of people get a debris fall is not high,” said Jonathan McDoWell. With a landing speed of about 160 km / h, debris falling on structures and vehicles will also leave great consequences. However, since the debris will fall in an area up to 160 km in diameter, the likelihood that they will fall into an inhabited, residential area is also very low. The Long March 5B missile contains the core module of the new space station. Photo: Getty Images. According to the Independent Over the past decade there have been about 100 satellites, and the wreckage of the missile returns to Earth every year, with a total mass of 150 tons. However, most of them do not cause serious consequences. The mass of space junk that fell in 2020 is the fourth largest block to fall back to Earth in history, after the Skylab space station in 1979, the Skylab’s rocket deck in 1975, and the Salyut-7, the Soviet space station, At 1991. Big problem with space junk This is not the first time that CNSA has had problems with objects landing on Earth from space. In 2018, the Tiangong-1 space station freely fell into the Pacific, between Australia and Chile. The Ivory Coast incident in May 2020 was also caused by another Long March 5B missile. Although there is little potential to cause material or life damage, the disposal of rockets and satellites out of use still leaves many scientists a headache. When a satellite expires, becomes unusable, it resumes its orbit. A boosters after completing a mission to put the spacecraft into orbit will also be left in the air. And when two objects in the universe collide with each other and create millions of debris, they are also left in space. Cosmic debris are surrounding the Earth. Photo: Nikkei. No one has put a ship on board and collects debris in space. All materials left by humans so far are known as cosmic trash. NASA scientist Donald Kessler believes that colliding with two large pieces of space debris can create a domino effect, causing thousands of smaller debris to continue orbiting the Earth. Mr. Kessler warns there will be a day when space junk becomes so much that we cannot launch a satellite without hitting another object. By then, we will be prisoners on our own planet, and will not blame anyone else but humans. As for the controllable missiles, the space agencies will calculate to bring them back to Point Nemo, which is considered the “graveyard” of spacecraft in the ocean. With the closest distance to the mainland of 2,250 km, the South Pacific Ocean is considered the “pole of the ocean” and is no different than a desert region in the middle of the sea.

Chinese Truong Chinh 5B missile leaves its launch pad. According to this map, anywhere between 41 degrees North and 41 degrees South can be affected by the rocket’s debris. He said the boosters will enter Earth’s atmosphere as early as May 8. According to ROSCOSMOS, “a portion of the rocket will no longer exist in the dense gas layers of the atmosphere” but “individual non-flammable structural elements can reach the surface of the Earth”. Meanwhile, the Aerospace Corporation non-profit aerospace organization predicts, the time of the Chinese missile crashes to Earth will occur at dawn on 9/5 (international time), the error plus – minus in 28 hours. They also published a map of the potential impact area – relevant to the area provided by ROSCOSMOS. The Chinese missile’s orbital tilt is currently 41.5 degrees, meaning it could fall anywhere from the north relative to New York, Madrid and Beijing and as far south as southern Chile and Wellington. New Zealand, these are all regions with the highest population densities in the world. The ROSCOSMOS map shows the drop zone of the Chinese missile’s center. Speaking to the press, US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin expressed his hope that the Chinese missile will fall into the ocean and it is estimated that it will fall between May 8 and 9. On May 6, Mr. Austin said at this time, the US has no plans to shoot Chinese missile debris that is expected to fall back into the atmosphere this weekend. Since the missile is traveling at an average speed of 7 km / s, it is difficult to predict where it will hit. US Department of Defense spokesman Mike Howard said the US Space Command was monitoring the missile’s trajectory. However, the US was only able to determine the exact point within a few hours before it fell. According to Howard, the 18th Space Control Squadron will provide daily updates on the missile’s position on the Space Track website. Ted Muelhaupt, an expert in space debris at the US-based nonprofit Aerospace Corporation, told ABC News that the central floor of the Truong Chinh 5B rocket was probably among 10 large objects. can fall to the planet into 1 piece. The bulldog has a central floor weighing 22 tons. China’s Long March 5B missile hull areas are likely to fall over the next few days. Photo: Aerospace Corporation According to SpaceNews, the 22-ton central deck of the Truong Chinh 5B missile is in a state of out of control and could fall to Earth. Instead of falling to the intended location at sea like the previous rockets, the central stage of the Truong Chinh 5B boosters began to rotate around the globe in China’s helplessness. On April 28, the China National Space Administration (CNSA) launched a Long March 5B booster rocket carrying a core module called “Thien Hoa” weighing 22.5 tons into space (part of the space station. Heavenly Palace). The launch went quite smoothly until the core of the missile suddenly deviated from its intended flight trajectory. It is known that the core layer of the body (weighing 19.6 tons, 30m long and 5m in diameter) is currently flying around in the LEO orbit at an extremely fast speed. According to a SPACECOM representative, the Chinese missile is currently flying at 162-306km above the ground, indicating that it has begun to gradually decrease altitude from 170-372km. Essentially the drag of the Earth’s atmosphere sooner or later pulls the upper missile body out of the LEO orbit, but with its erratic speed and trajectory it makes it possible to accurately predict the location and The moment the rocket will hit the ground becomes difficult.

The 21-ton core of the Chinese Truong Chinh 5B missile was taken on the night of 5/5/2021. Photo: Project Virtual Telescope According to the Daily Mail, the Italy-based Virtual Telescope (VTP) project captured the core of the missile, which looks like a bright spot of light as it crashes through their Elena robot telescope. Chinese rockets have caught international attention throughout the week as debris of the 21-ton vehicle is expected to fly back to Earth uncontrolled over the weekend, with the risk of landing in areas with residents. According to Italian researchers, the Truong Chinh 5B missile has moved “extremely fast”, as it soared through a distance of about 700 km above the VTP’s telescope. The Space.com site said that Gianluca Masi, the Virtual Telescope project’s astronomer who took the photo, wrote in the photo description: “At the time of the photo shoot, the rocket core was far from the telescope. Ours is about 700 km, while the Sun is only a few degrees below the horizon, so the sky is extremely bright, making it difficult to take pictures. captured this giant fragment “- Masi wrote in the description of the photo. “This is another brilliant success, demonstrating the amazing ability of robotic vehicles to track such objects,” Mr. Masi affirmed. On April 29, China launched a 5B Truong Chinh missile that carries the main module of its own space station into the orbit of the Earth. This module, called Thien Ha, is 16.6 meters long. Watch the video of China launching a rocket carrying module of the Tianhe space station on April 29: Space agencies and astronomers around the world are now closely monitoring the 5B’s trajectory in the hope of being better prepared for the moment it falls back to Earth. The latest information shows that fragments of this giant rocket are expected to fall back to Earth on May 8 and the US government has warned they could fall into populated areas. US Department of Defense spokesman John Kirby revealed the intended date of return to Earth’s atmosphere, but said the exact timing of that event was currently unidentifiable. Mr. Kirby said the government at this time “does not have enough information to be able to formulate specific plans”. However, he asserted that if there was information, they would share it appropriately.
The US Space Command is currently monitoring the Chinese missile as carefully as possible and giving daily updates to its position on the Space Track website. The Truong Chinh 5B Y2 missile carrying the Thien Ha core module was launched from the Van Xuong launch pad in Hainan province, China on April 29. Photo: THX Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at Harvard University (USA) and a specialist in orbital tracking, notes that the core of Truong Chinh 5B is the heaviest object that has fallen out of control through the atmosphere in nearly three decades. century. Before breaking, this core had a weight of nearly 21 tons. The last time a heavier object fell out of control was 1991, when the 43-ton Soviet Salyut-7 space station crashed on Argentina. Mr. McDowell calculated that the core was about to fall to Earth 7 times heavier than the second floor of the Falcon 9 rocket, which burned in the sky of Seattle, about a month ago. If returned to the atmosphere at night, it could produce a similar light trail. Despite US Department of Defense concerns, many industry observers believe the situation is not to the point of causing panic. The risk of being hit by debris is extremely small, says analyst McDowell. Meanwhile, Mr. Song Zhongping – a Chinese aerospace expert – on May 5 said that the rocket fragments returned to Earth is completely normal. China launched the Truong Chinh 5B rocket in May 2020 (photo) to test a vehicle for a program to send people to the Moon. Photo: Daily Mail Wang Ya’nan – editor-in-chief of Aerospace Knowledge magazine – added that during the missile development, Chinese aerospace officials have carefully considered from the initial stage of missile design and selection. Select launch location, to launch status and flight trajectory. “Most of the debris will burn up during its return to Earth’s atmosphere,” Wang explained. Only a very small fraction can fall to the ground and is likely to fall into the ocean or areas far away from where humans are active. Since Chinese rockets are mainly made of lightweight materials, most will easily be burned during high-speed fall through the atmosphere. Besides, Truong Chinh rocket also uses environmentally friendly fuel, so once the parts fall into the ocean, it will not cause water pollution. According to Space, if there is debris damage, the United Nations Convention on Liability of the Outer Space Treaty states that the launching country “must bear full responsibility for damages. caused by their space objects on the Earth’s surface or to an aircraft, and are responsible for damage caused by its fault in space “. The only time this convention was invoked was in 1978, when a nuclear-powered Soviet satellite, Kosmos 954, spread radioactive debris across the Canadian Arctic, leading to a campaign. urgent cleaning and cost at least S $ 3 million in 1981 (equivalent to $ 7.5 million today).

The largest missile center in China is falling out of control in orbit, after it carried part of the new space station into space last week. The object is expected to fall to Earth during an “uncontrolled re-entry” on May 8 or 9. Whether it falls harmlessly into the ocean or affects the land where humans live, the reason the Chinese space program allows this to happen is – again – unclear. And given China’s planned launch schedule, it is entirely possible that such uncontrolled re-imports continue to occur. Missile Truong Chinh 5B in a launch in 2020. (Photo: Xinhua) The China space program has a series of major spacecraft achievements over the past six months, including bringing back lunar rocks and sending spacecraft into orbit around Mars. However, the programs seem to continue to pose a small, though small danger to people across the planet without control of the path of the launched missile. Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Center for Astrophysics in Cambridge, Massachusetts, who tracks objects in space, says: “I think it was their negligence. I think it is irresponsible. The uncontrolled drop is the reinforced core of Truong Chinh 5B, designed to lift large, heavy sections of the space station. For most rockets, the lower layers typically fall back to Earth shortly after launch. The upper layers, when they reach orbit, often reactivate the engine (after releasing the load), directing them to re-enter deserted areas such as the oceans. For the past three decades, only China has lifted layers of such large rockets into orbit and let them crash somewhere, said Dr. McDowell. “It is a technical decision based on possibilities.” He said that Chinese engineers were able to design the trajectory of the rocket so that it would remain in orbit, fall back to Earth shortly after launch, or they might have planned to activate the booster. fig to get it out of orbit in a non-dangerous way. Ted J. Muelhaupt, director of the Center for Orbital Research and Aerospace Debris re-entry, says: “The reintegration design cannot be taken lightly, it’s something the world as a whole has done because we need it.” As for Truong Chinh 5B reinforcement, it could be anywhere between 41.5 North latitude and 41.5 South latitude. That means Chicago, located further north, is safe, but big cities like New York could suffer. On May 6, Aerospace Corporation, a federally funded nonprofit that conducts research and analysis largely, predicts the re-entry will take place on May 8 at 11:43 p.m. Eastern time (10:43 p.m. 9/5 Vietnam time). If that is correct, the debris could fall to Northeast Africa, in Sudan. The timing uncertainty – a 16-hour fluctuation – and location are still large. A day ago, Aerospace predicted the re-entry site an hour in advance in the Eastern Indian Ocean. The calculations are complicated by many factors, for example, the sun. The increase in the intensity of the solar wind – charged particles sprayed by the sun – will inflate the Earth’s atmosphere, increasing its force on the object and increasing its rate of fall. The movement of the object also affects. The US Space Command and the Russian space agency are both monitoring the missile division. The Russian statement noted that the re-import will not “affect the territory of the Russian Federation” . The US agency meanwhile promised to update it regularly before the event was likely to take place. Currently the object is moving at a speed of about 29,868 km / h, so prediction of position also changes with each minute. China plans to launch several more launches in the coming months as the construction of its third space station is completed, known as the Heavenly Palace, or “palace in the sky”. That would require additional flights of giant rockets and the possibility of more uncontrolled re-imports leaving people on the ground anxious to follow, even when mishaps from single parts. very small. Jen Psaki, White House press secretary, said on May 5: “For the mutual benefit of all nations, it is necessary to act responsibly in space to ensure the safety, stability, security and long-term sustainability of space activities”. America hopes to push “Responsible spatial behavior”.

On April 29, at the Van Xuong spacecraft launch center in Hainan province, China successfully launched the first module of the Tianhe space station with the Truong Chinh 5B rocket, marking an important step in the build the country’s own space station. However, instead of falling to a predetermined place in the sea like the previous rockets, the central stage of the Truong Chinh 5B boosters started spinning around the Earth in a low orbit in a state of out-of-control. With a weight of about 21 tons, 30m long and 5m wide, the remnants of the Truong Chinh 5B rocket are flying in orbit around the Earth every 90 minutes / rev, at a speed of 27,600 km / h at an altitude of over 300 kilometer. Since the end of last week until now, this remaining part has decreased altitude by nearly 80km. According to the observations of underground amateur astronomers, this missile is in a very unstable state. Some calculations show that the central floor of the Truong Chinh 5B missile will plunge into the atmosphere on May 8. When it crosses the Earth’s atmosphere, it could be burned, but it is likely that large pieces of the missile will remain and will fall scattered over an area of ​​160km wide. Worth mentioning, this is not the first time that China’s Truong Chinh 5B missile has fallen into a state of out-of-control during the biosphere. In May 2020, a similar incident happened. Beijing is expected to have at least 10 more similar launches, bringing all additional equipment into orbit, before completing the station by 2022. China’s Truong Chinh 5B missile was launched into orbit on April 29 at the Wenchang launch pad, southern China. . Prior to the US Space Command’s forecast that the 2021-035B Truong Chinh 5B (Long March 5B or Chang Zheng 5B) missile core, called 2021-035B, was capable of falling uncontrollably on Earth on the day. May 8-9, many people questioned: Will Russia or the US plan to use the missile to shoot the core of the Truong Chinh 5B missile, to save the planet’s citizens? On May 6, the US said it was tracking the object’s path, but had no plans to shoot it down. Cosmic garbage Australia currently holds the record as the country that contains the largest space waste in the world. In 1979, the 77-ton American SkyLab space station disintegrated in Western Australia, leaving the area around the coastal town of Esperance splashed by debris. Although no deaths or serious injuries have been reported from being hit by these cosmic debris, it is quite dangerous. Just a year before the fall of SkyLab, a Soviet remote sensing satellite, Cosmos 954, crashed into a barren area of ​​Canada’s Northwest Territory, spreading radioactive debris over several hundred square kilometers. As the Cold War was at its height, the nuclear sensitivity of the Cosmos 954 led to unfortunate delays in locating and cleaning the wreck. Who has to pay for cleaning? International law sets out a compensation regime that applies in many cases of damage on Earth, as well as when satellites collide in space. The 1972 conventions, a United Nations treaty, impose liability for the damage caused by space debris, which includes a regime of absolute liability as they fall to Earth like fragments. crumbs. In the case of Long March 5B, this would impose potential liability on China. The new treaty has only been invoked once before (for the Cosmos 954 incident) and therefore may not be considered a incentive. Of course, this legal framework only applies after the damage has occurred. In 1978, a Soviet nuclear-powered satellite crashed in northern Canada, resulting in a $ 3,000,000 fine for the tundra radioactive cleanup for Canada.

The US Space Forces, the Russian Space Agency and the Aerospace Corporation, a US-funded nonprofit research firm, predict that debris and the missile body will fall to Earth by the end this week, possibly on May 8 (US time). At the present time, the authorities have not been able to accurately determine where the missile will fall. The studies showed that after the incident, the rocket moved into the Earth’s atmosphere. According to the principle, the missile Truong Chinh 5B will orbit the Earth for a while before free fall. The Truong Chinh 5B missile, which carries the main module for China’s space station, was launched into space from April 29. Photo: Getty The orbit of the universe sent the missile through many densely populated areas from New York City and Los Angeles (USA) to Southern Europe, Beijing (China), Australia, South Africa and South America. However, it is likely that the Truong Chinh 5B missile will “land” in the Pacific or a large uninhabited territory. “The rocket’s trajectory traverses the most densely populated areas in the world,” said John Logsdon, a former member of the NASA Advisory Council and founder of the Space Institute at the University of Washington. If we cannot control the missile’s position in the atmosphere, it creates a concern about where the missile falls to Earth. ” As the rocket phase falls through Earth’s atmosphere, friction heats the surrounding air to about 3,000 degrees Fahrenheit (1,649 degrees C). The rocket will likely break at this temperature and parts of it could burn, but there are still many large debris that could survive and fall to Earth. Accordingly, experts estimate that about 5 tons of the remaining missile components, including fuel tanks, propellants, large parts of the rocket engine, metal fragments and insulation, will fall to an area of ​​the Earth. The highest possibility of scientists’ calculations is that these rocket components will fall into the ocean, where no people are inhabited. “There is still a risk of the impact of the collision, including who could hit someone with a rocket,” said Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer observing objects orbiting the Earth, CNN told CNN. But the risks of a missile hitting the residential area are very small so you don’t need to worry too much about this. ” However, according to John Logsdon, this is still an unusual situation and China needs to give an explanation of what happened. On May 7, Yonhap news agency reported that South Korea and the US discussed how to respond to the Chinese Truong Chinh 5B missile crash. It is known that Truong Chinh 5B missile was launched last week, bringing a module of China’s first permanent space station into space. However, the missile has a problem that worries space forces around the world. Members of the Korea Space Operations Center held a video conference with US-led Joint Space Operations Center officials on May 7. Photo: Yonhap The South Korean Air Force and the United States-led Joint Space Operations Center (CSpOC) hosted an online conference and shared their monitoring and analysis data. This conference was attended by both the German and Japanese armies. “We do not rule out the possibility that the missile fragment will hit the Korean peninsula. We are prepared for any situation,” said Lt. Col. Choi Seong-hwan of the Korea Space Operations Center. closely monitor the missile’s path and coordinate with CSpOC and other related agencies “. The US command said it was impossible to determine the exact landing point of the missile “until it returned to Earth”. In addition, The Guardian reported, the US has no intention of shooting down the remains of the Chinese Truong Chinh missile. Specifically, US Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin said: “We have the ability to do a lot of work but we have no plans to shoot down this missile. We anticipate the missile will land in the ocean or not. people or similar land “. A spokesperson for China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said on May 7 that the head of the missile will probably catch fire when it moves into Earth, so it will not pose a major threat to people around the world. White House press secretary Jen Psaki believes the US is committed to addressing the risks of space debris and wants to work with the international community “to promote leadership and responsible behavior. mission in space “. Minh Hanh (According to Business Insider, Guardian, Yonhap)

China’s Truong Chinh 5B missile was launched into space from April 29 New arena between America-China This week, the US and China have repeatedly debated over the warning that the remnants of the Chinese Truong Chinh 5B missile could fall back to Earth. While the US has criticized this as the result of irresponsibility and negligence and predicts serious consequences, China has countered that the West is overdoing and the impact of heavier missile remnants. The 20 tons falling back on Earth is nothing serious. Observing the latest incident, world commentators said that, even when the huge remnant of Truong Chinh 5B’s missile fell to the Earth and caused no consequences, the controversy related to the row. Space between China and America will not end either. On the contrary, this is just the opening for a new “arena” between the two leading economies in the world because they are spending sparingly to increase their presence in the universe. The more space we invest and build, the greater the amount of space waste will be, and the return of giant objects from space will no longer be uncommon. Just over last month, the Chinese National Aerospace Agency also kept an eye on a massive cosmic litter. In particular, the International Space Station (ISS) emits the largest space trash ever, which is the 2.9-ton base of 48 nickel-hydrogen panels. It is expected that the trash will spend 2 to 4 years floating in low Earth orbit before it burns into the atmosphere. The consequences of this discharge are not the same as the discharge of the remnants of the Truong Chinh 5B missile because the object of the Chinese missile weighs more than 20 tons, so it is difficult to burn out, leaving the large structure falling on Earth. However, as soon as the ISS station’s discharge was announced, the China Space News website immediately published an article warning the risk of a 2.9-ton retrograde waste block. “Pray for that waste block not to come back and hit the space station”, according to the article on this website. The problem of litter will be as bad as climate change The South China Post (SCMP) newspaper published this month indicated that China is tracking about 20,000 blocks of space waste, 50% more than a decade ago. ” In the end, the consequence may be that, even if there are no more people performing any more space activity, the total amount of cosmic waste will continue to increase, the door to human space will be completely blocked. – Mr. Feng Hao, an aerospace specialist in China, said Mr. Feng Hao, lead author of the report and his colleagues at the Beijing Institute of Space Systems Engineering, said that the situation of the rapid increase in the amount of waste in the orbit of the Earth is very alarming because that floating object can collide with each other. The scenario above will take place soon and worse when China and the US continue to compete in space. Both have ambitious plans to expand the space program over the next few years. Tens of thousands of satellites have been launched, a lot of large-scale infrastructure built in orbit from Earth to Moon. Feng estimates that by 2033, the geostationary orbit will be crowded, meaning that adding more satellites to orbit will lead to a chain collision. Space litter “could become the same important political issue as the current state of climate change,” said a Beijing-based scientist, who did not want to be identified. According to this scientist, when the important orbits do not have many gaps, tensions between Washington and Beijing, the two countries most active in aerospace operations, will become increasingly fierce. “Beijing may criticize Washington for its cosmic emissions, on the contrary, Washington will limit Beijing’s future space missions. This will cause a profound geopolitical impact, affecting all countries on Earth “, emphasized the anonymous expert. Furthermore, when the US-China confronts, international cooperation related to space waste disposal will inevitably be affected. Not to mention, the situation of sharing space waste tracking information between countries is still superficial, partly because the technology used in the universe is related to the military, so no country wants to share it clearly. . “You can imagine this situation as two people sitting in the front row scrambling for the steering wheel while the car is about to crash into the wall,” the Beijing expert explained. China launched the 5B Truong Chinh missile into space, carrying the first module of the Chinese-made Tian Cung space station, from April 29. This missile has a 1-core configuration for propulsion, so the size of this floor is very large. When completing the task of bringing the missile to, the separated core will be disabled and become a giant mass of cosmic trash. The problem is this trash is spinning in uncontrollable Earth orbit. Expected to fall to Earth as early as today (May 8).

Again, Russia intends to withdraw from the ISS project after 2025. By then, Moscow plans to build its own orbital station for the purposes of scientific research. Previously, Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation – Mr. Yuri Borisov said that the situation related to the “aging” of the ISS structure could lead to dire consequences. So Russia should create an alternative to the current project as soon as possible and not leave the astronauts at risk. In addition, Borisov added that the national orbital station in the future could become “high orbit” (located above the ISS), not only used for scientific research but also acting as a “transit base” in the mission to conquer the Moon. Russia will use the ISS international space station’s energy supply module for its future space facility As for the Science and Energy module, work on creating it started in 2012. As planned, by 2015 the device is expected to ensure energy independence for the Russian subdivision on the ISS. . However at that time only the draft design of the device was ready. NEM’s ground tests only really begin in 2018. While its launch is being delayed, Russian scientists will have to be more active in the near future as time is on. increasingly hurry. It should be noted that in addition to the NEM that will become the main module, according to Dmitry Rogozin, two permanent working modules named “Nauca” and “Prichal” could become part of the space station in the future, both modules will sent to the ISS this year.

Photojournalists installed remote cameras to be ready to record the missile launch image on April 22. SpaceX’s Crew Dragon space shuttle, set to take off atop a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida. It will take almost 24 hours to reach the space station, whose orbit is about 250 miles (400 km) from Earth. It was originally scheduled to launch on April 22 but had to be delayed for a day due to unfavorable weather forecast. This rocket launch marks NASA’s second return to service after nine years of stopping the shuttle from space in the United States. It is also the third crew flight to be launched into orbit under a public-private partnership between NASA and SpaceX, the rocket company founded and owned by billionaire high-tech entrepreneur Elon Musk. The crew this time has 4 members including two NASA astronauts, commander Shane Kimbrough (53 years old) and pilot Megan McArthur (49 years old), along with Japanese astronaut Akihiko Hoshide (52 years old) and specialist Thomas Pesquet (43 years old), a French engineer with the European Space Agency. 6 months of space experiment Crew 2 is expected to spend about six months conducting scientific experiments and maintenance before returning to Earth in the fall. The four members of Crew 1, sent to the space station in November, are scheduled to return to Earth on April 28. Crew 2’s mission is also special in that the Falcon 9 launch vehicle using the same early stage booster has put Crew 1 in orbit. This is the first time that a proven booster device has been used again during a crew launch. Reusable booster vehicles, designed to fly back to Earth on their own and land safely after they separate from the missile’s remains a few minutes after launch. SpaceX’s reusable rocket strategy has pioneered more economical space travel. SpaceX has so far recorded more than 45 successful Falcon 9 landings, and the company has refurbished and reused the majority of them for multiple flights. However, all previous flights only carried cargo, not people, into space. The pilot of Crew 2, McArthur, will make history as the first female Pilot of the Crew and the second in her family to ride a shuttle. She is married to NASA astronaut Bob Behnken, who took a SpaceX demonstration flight last year. If all goes according to plan, they will arrive at the space station on Saturday. McArthur and her three friends and crew will be greeted by four astronauts of Crew 1 (three from NASA and one from Japan JAXA Aerospace Exploration Agency) and two crew members. Russian family and an American astronaut were on a Soyuz flight to the space station.

There is nothing wrong and exaggerated about the threat posed by the Soviet Union, both military and ideological, in the contemporary American perception of Sputnik satellite. Shortly after Sputnik was successfully launched into low-Earth orbit, the US and the West fell into what became known as the “Sputnik Crisis”. The early Soviet spatial achievements were regarded by many around the globe as a testament to the superiority and effectiveness of the Soviet model of government and the social structure of the Soviet State. In the New York Times alone, “Sputnik 1” was mentioned in articles averaging 11 times a day between October 6 and October 31, 1957 – America’s fear of Lien. Bucket in space. With each subsequent victory in technology, the Soviet Union not only demonstrated what could be done through an economic and policy approach, but also demonstrated what American capitalism could not do …, or at least, it can’t be done quickly. The fear of the communists not only winning mentally but also the embracing heart and mind led directly to the establishment of the Aerospace Research Agency (NASA), which invests in the resources for missile and orbit science, strong funding for defense programs, and prestige enhancement to offset the advantages of the Soviet Union are becoming evident in many fields. N1 boosters of the Soviet Union; Source: spacethatneverwas.tumblr.com In November 1957, the Soviet Union became the first country to put a live animal, the Laika, into orbit in Sputnik 2. The following month, the United States made its first attempt to send a Vanguard TV3 satellite (Test Vehicle 3 ) of the Naval Research Laboratory into orbit, but the rocket only flew about 4 feet off the launch pad before collapsing again and exploding. However, the following month, the United States entered space with Explorer 1, and later that year, NASA replaced the National Aviation Advisory Committee (NACA) with a mission to bring the US towards supremacy in space. . In 1959, the technically faulty Soviet Luna 1 rocket flew further than the platforms before it, escaped the orbit of the Moon and eventually entered the orbit of the Sun, but later that year, the spacecraft The Soviet Union Luna 2 pillar reached the lunar surface for the first time. Soon, Luna 3 sent an image of the surface of the Moon from orbit and by 1960, the Soviet Union was the first to send animals (the dogs Belka and Strelka) and plants into space and back. and still live. And just a year later, the Soviet Union brought a real human being, the cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into space. Plan your spaceship “explore” In 1959, for promotion, the Soviet Union decided to choose a number of technologies, vehicles and equipment that represented the great progress of the Soviet Union for a traveling exhibition. The opportunity to take a closer look at the exhibition’s most precious jewel – a Lunic spaceship very similar to the Luna 2, housed in a deck above the modified rocket has arrived. When they got as close as possible, a few plainclothes agents were surprised to find the spacecraft hidden behind glass cuts in real missile housings. The declassified reports said that some people gasped, raised their eyebrows, were shocked to know the incident, and believed in Langley’s ears (nicknamed the US Central Intelligence Agency – CIA). Immediately, plans and plans to “explore” the Lunic more carefully began to be mapped out. But at the display site, soldiers guarded the ship at all times, both during and after hours, when museums and galleries were closed; Access to the Lunic information gathering while it was on display was practically impossible, so the CIA turned their attention to the way the Lunic was transported from one exhibit to another. The Soviet Vostok missile; Source: djournal.com While all exhibit artifacts were transported from one city to another by train (with guards), the CIA identified several gaps in how each one was transported from the site. exhibition to train station. The artifacts are simply placed in compact crates and loaded onto a truck carrying them to the train station for loading and unloading. This transit was not closely monitored by Soviet security, with items arriving at random intervals and little coordination between transport forces; The guardians at the railway warehouses were not even given a list. It was this shortcoming of Soviet security that gave the CIA, above all, the opportunity it needed. Missile robbery from the highway When night came, in order to carry out their plans, plainclothes CIA agents followed the van carrying Lunic out of the exhibition site, not forgetting to keep an eye on Soviet security. Surprisingly, despite tight security throughout the exhibits, the vehicle carrying a container filled with Soviet national secrets made a short trip to the train station completely unaccompanied. When the truck approached, turned toward the train station, the CIA agent simply let the car pass and escorted the driver to a nearby hotel. An agent jumped into the driver’s seat and drove the truck into a nearby, chosen rescue park that has high walls obscured. This was one of the most daring agents of the Cold War, and could certainly spark a clash between the planet’s two nuclear powers … For thirty minutes, CIA agents hovered over in the dark surrounding their newly stolen truck, waiting for some indication that the Soviets noticed Lunic’s absence. When nothing seemed to be suspicious, they climbed into the 20-foot long, 11-foot-wide and 14-foot-deep crate located inside the truck. Their job is to approach the Lunic spaceship, disassemble it and take pictures of what they can, then reassemble it, stuff it back inside the tank and transfer it to the train station before morning, so that the Soviets would not know what happened. Professional work The barrel itself has been reused over and over again, making it fairly easy to open without leaving any signs of being touched. With no way to pull the rocket out of the barrel, however, the spies soon realized they had no choice but to get in and do their job inside the barrel. Agents take off their shoes and split into groups, climbing to the bottom of the box using a rope ladder they carry to access the secrets stored inside. The CIA played an important role in stealing Soviet missile technology; Source: WATM Soon, their plans went wrong – the Lunic spacecraft won’t have difficulty reaching through the missile deck it’s located in, but when attempting to penetrate, CIA agents find a small seal. in plastic with engraved Soviet logo. To reach the spacecraft, it was necessary to break the seal, but doing so would almost certainly reveal their interference to Soviet authorities. Soon, calls to CIA parts in the area, and were told that they could re-seal the seal and arrive in time for reassembling and returning rockets in the morning. Although the engine was removed, the pylons as well as the fuel and oxidant tanks remained, providing the CIA with enough information to extrapolate the engine size and the missile’s payload capacity. Once the seal is removed, the Lunic itself has been pulled out, disassembled, and photographed in great detail. The information gathered was not only valuable from a design point of view, it also provided important context with regard to the Soviet missile program. Thanks to the recorded measurements and weights for the payload, the CIA will be able to better understand the telemetry data it collects around each Soviet launch. It is an important intelligence victory for the United States and will continue to shape the plans and policies pertaining to America’s space efforts for many years to come. But getting information is only part of the job. As the moonlight faded, CIA agents working with hand tools and socks ended up reassembling the Lunic and its missile housings, adding seals, removing wire ladders, and fixing the top. of the barrel. By 5 a.m., the original driver was returned his truck and his “cargo”, and he delivered it to the train station in time to deliver the first guard to come to work at 7:00 a.m. . The information gathered from the campaign gave the US a more complete understanding of what the Soviet Union was capable of, allowing the Americans to plan their appropriate efforts. America is no longer active in the dull anxiety of the “Sputnik crisis” without the actual data it needs to substantially assess the situation. It was in that newly found knowledge that America’s future spatial dominance began to sprout. In order to defeat the enemy, it is imperative to know where they are and what they can do… and the CIA has discovered it in the back of a stolen truck. Less than ten years later, the United States came ahead in the space race when the Apollo 11 landed on the Moon just before a Soviet amphibious ship crashed on the other side. More than twenty years later, the Soviet Union collapsed and the Cold War officially ended./.

China’s Long March (Truong Chinh) 5B missile was launched last Thursday A Chinese uncontrolled 21-ton missile is falling on Earth and could land in densely populated areas, experts warn. China’s Long March (Truong Chinh) 5B rocket launched last Thursday is expected to fall back to Earth in the next few days. Jonathan McDowell, an astronomer who tracks objects orbiting the Earth, said SpaceNews that its path was “slightly further north than New York, Madrid and Beijing, and as far south as Chile and Wellington, New Zealand”. The missile can fall anywhere within this range, including oceans and densely populated or uninhabited areas, but most missiles will burn in the atmosphere. Satellite tracking devices have detected missiles longer than 30m cruise at speeds of more than 6.4km / s. China launched the Long March 5B at 11:23 a.m. local time last Thursday to make the first phase of their upcoming space station. The module that the missile carries, dubbed ‘Thien Hoa’, will be inhabited by the three crew members after the space station’s giant structure is complete. State media reported that China aims to complete the China Space Station, known as Tiangong (Tiangong) by the end of 2022, after several other modules have been launched. When completed, the Tiangong Space Station will orbit the Earth at an altitude of 340-450km. China aims to become a space power by 2030 to keep up with rivals, including the US, Russia and the European Space Agency, and create the most advanced space station around Earth. The ISS International Space Station, currently in orbit, takes 10 years and more than 30 missions to assemble since the launch of the first module in 1998. The ISS was supported by five space agencies – NASA (USA), Roscosmos (Russia), JAXA (Japan), ESA (Europe) and CSA (Canada) – but China was initially banned from the United States. However, the unsettled return of the missile could put an end to the Chinese celebration if the vehicle lands in an inhabited area. Cosmic debris watchers have observed it moving slowly and unpredictably to Earth over the past few days and it will be one of the largest uncontrolled debris on record. The Long March 5B is about 33m long, 5.3m wide and although more than 10 tons of space debris has been left in orbit for an uncontrolled return to ground flight, Mr McDowell said “by current standards. , it’s unacceptable to let it come back uncontrollably. ” Holger Krag, head of the European Space Agency’s Office of Space Safety Programs, told SpaceNews that: ‘China is aware of the potential danger of out-of-control’. “It is always difficult to judge the volume and amount of debris left over without knowing the design of the object, but the logical rule is about 20-40% China launched the Long March 5B in May 2020 to test the vehicle in preparation to send people to the moon, but the mission also ended with an uncontrolled return trip. The Long March 5B rocket entered space on 5 May 2020 and crashed to Earth a few days later, just off the coast of West Africa. This has been confirmed by Space Control Squadron 18, a unit of the US Air Force that tracks space debris in Earth orbit. The force says what’s remarkable not only about the size of the missile but also the extent of its uncontrolled dive zone. Before crashing into waters off the west coast of Mauritania, the rocket core flew over Los Angeles and New York.

Artwork: Teslarati.com According to NASA’s announcement, the contract to bring astronauts to the Moon as early as 2024 was signed with a value of nearly $ 3 billion. The contract will use the prototype spacecraft Starship, designed for a large crew with the necessary equipment for space exploration missions. Starship ships can land vertically on the surface of the Earth as well as other planets in the universe. So far, test flights have not been successful, but the group is working to build new test vehicles. NASA expert Lisa Watdon-Morgan said: “We have selected a partner and are preparing to implement the next phase. “We have to make sure to run the tests because we won’t send people to the Moon until the trials are successful.” Unlike the Apollo lunar landings between 1969 and 1972, NASA is currently preparing for a permanent presence on the Moon, a stepping stone to an even more ambitious plan, that is. is to send astronauts to Mars. This decision by NASA makes the race to conquer the Moon and other planets in the universe between the US and other powers becomes hotter. In the latest move, China’s aerospace science community on April 24 affirmed that this country is a cosmic power, capable of exploring space, exploring deeper areas in the universe by unmanned vehicles. . Scientists in this country also did not hide their ambition to bring people to the Moon soon. Chinese Academy of Sciences scholar Ye Peijian, Ye Peijian, said: “We are planning to conduct asteroid probes. We will accomplish this mission in 10 years. We also hope that China will soon be able to send people to the Moon in the near future. In early December 2020, China announced that the Hang Nga 5 probe had landed successfully and placed a flag on the surface of the Moon. This is the third successful Chinese landing in the past 7 years. Once a weak country in the space race, China has continuously developed aerospace programs in recent years with the ambition to conquer new territories. In early March 2021, the Russian Space Agency Roscosmos said that the country and China signed a memorandum of understanding to build a lunar space station together. The space station will be designed as a complex of experimental research facilities that operate on the surface or orbit of the Moon. Russian officials also announced that they will try new boosters to continue their lunar exploration program this year. Besides the US, Russia, China, some other countries such as Japan, European Union, India, Korea, Israel, South Africa … also announced ambitious Moon exploration programs in the coming time. Besides the Moon, conquering Mars is also becoming a target of fierce competition among countries. Just in February, the American Perseverance self-propelled vehicle, China’s Tianan-1 spacecraft, Hope of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) visited Mars one after another. According to space experts, the polls have different objectives but all show the interest of space powers to the Red planet. Not only is it intended for military and civilian purposes, the future space race is also related to economic benefits estimated to be worth trillions of dollars./.

With headquarters in London, UK, the OneWeb company intends to deploy a total of more than 650 satellites in the lower orbit of the Earth, in order to provide users on the ground with high-speed Internet 24 hours a day. day through contact satellites. The company is also competing with billionaires Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos in the race to cover high-speed internet via satellite to anywhere in the world, especially in remote areas. This is the third time the Russian side has launched the OneWeb satellite beam into Earth orbit after the previous two missions took place in December 2020 and March respectively at Vostochny space airport with 36 satellites per launch. The first six satellites of OneWeb were launched from the Guiana launch site in France in February 2019, and last year, the company launched 68 more satellites from Baikonur launch site, Kazakhstan.

Currently, there are 15 members participating in the ISS project, of which 5 main members are: Russia, the US, Canada, Japan and the European Space Agency. Construction of the station began in 1998, the first permanent expedition commenced operations in 2000. It was previously announced that, during a meeting with President Putin on Astronaut Day (April 12), Russia decided to withdraw from the ISS project from 2025 and start building its own Orbit Station. The first module for it will be the SEM, which was originally designed for the ISS. Roscosmos notes that the ISS modules have reached the end of their useful life. Usually IS structures are used for only 15 years, but most ISS modules, not only Russian ones, are more than two decades old. Ong Vladimir Soloviev, the leader of the flight division, spoke of the need to create the new station due to technical problems on the Russian segment on the ISS, namely detecting cracks that allow the air to escape. Although the cracks have been sealed, there are still small leaks. Russia decided to leave the ISS and build its own Space Station Mr. Soloviev predicts, after 2025 there will be mass technical problems with the parts of the station. Carrying out repairs and maintenance is extremely costly and downright dangerous. In October, Mr. Soloviev revealed the appearance of a new Russian orbital service station. Under the plan, it will include at least five modules: Basic part, target production, logistics warehouse, platform (slide) for spacecraft assembly, launch, reception and servicing, as well as one The commercial module can accommodate four travelers. According to the documents, for the purpose of being used in the Russian Orbital Station component, this module needs to be adapted to accommodate the “Angara-A5M” boosters from Vostochny aerospace, instead of missile “Proton-M” from Baikonur airport. In addition, on the module will have to replace the assembly from active to passive, place two cabin compartments for astronauts and adjust the systems in charge of movement and navigation, telemetry, communication. and heat guarantee. According to published documents, the plan to build Russia’s Orbital Station will be divided into two phases. Energy Science (NEM) modular model on the Russian Space Station In the first phase between 2025 and 2030, NEM, node, base, and entrance modules are expected to launch. In the second phase, from 2030 to 2035, Roscosmos will produce the target modules as well as the foundation for the maintenance of space apparatus. The Russian orbit station will fly in a Sun synchronous orbit – at an angle of 97 degrees from the equator, on which its solar panels will always receive light. Such orbits also allow the crew to see the North Pole every hour and a half, and every two days they see any point on our planet. In this connection, it is planned to have the part of the Earth-facing Station within the range of the observation system in various spectral bands – from optical to radar, and on the opposite side a device. are intended for monitoring outside of open spaces. To board the New Station in the first phase will be the manned transport “Progress” and the “Soyuz” manned, while in the second stage the manned train “Oriol”.

In April alone, ISS has been busy with flights up and down. On April 9, the Russian Soyuz rocket sent 1 American astronaut and 2 Russian astronauts to the ISS laboratory 420km from the Earth’s surface. Eight days later, another Soyuz rocket carried another trio of American and Russian astronauts back to Earth. On April 23, the US spacecraft SpaceX brought two more Americans, one Japanese and one French to connect to the ISS. However, such bustling scene on ISS is about to come to an end. Last week, Russia announced it would withdraw from the ISS by 2025. Despite the growing tensions between Russia and the US over the past decade, the two countries ‘space agencies continue to work closely with each other, along with 13 countries’ space agencies. According to the US Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), since 2000, ISS has welcomed 243 people from 19 countries. According to the Financial Times, Professor Anu Ojha, director of the UK National Aerospace Institute and an advisor to the European Space Agency (ESA), said: “I only hear positive things about astronauts and astronauts as they work together “. In the early years of building and assembling modules of ISS, since 1998, Russia and Western partners cooperated closely. “NASA and ESA cannot build a space station without Russian experts,” said Ojha. The Russians are masters of building modular space stations ”. The ISS station once welcomed astronauts from many countries Western countries need Russian rockets to carry materials and people to and from the ISS. This reliance increased when NASA decommissioned the space shuttle fleet in 2011 and Soyuz became the only passenger vehicle that could put astronauts in orbit. Only in 2020, NASA will begin to use the SpaceX spacecraft system of billionaire Elon Musk. For the Russian Space Agency (Roscosmos), cooperation with the West through the ISS also adds to the financial resources. NASA spent $ 3.9 billion to hire Soyuz to transport astronauts to the ISS from 2011 to 2019. Although astronaut Mark Vande Hei’s trip to the ISS in April may not be the last of an American on Russian rockets, the majority of non-Russian astronauts will travel on SpaceX or on Boeing’s Starliner, expected to go into service from 2022. During the first 15 years, the ISS crew focused on assembly and engineering work, which meant that the zero gravity work environment was only just being established. Recently, NASA astronaut Kate Rubins, who just returned to Earth in mid-April, recounted her hundreds of hours on the ISS to do biological experiments, from decoding DNA on a space station to growing human heart tissue and vegetables. . ISS’s most important area of ​​research is its attempt to understand the long-term effects of space travel on human health, in preparation for planned attempts at the Moon or travel to Mars. Other direction of cooperation For Russia, the decision to end ISS participation is expected to lead to more spatial cooperation with China. It is also part of the Kremlin’s broader pivot to Beijing. Since Western sanctions were first imposed on Moscow in connection with Russia’s annexation of Crimea in 2014, Russia has doubled down on its efforts to strengthen ties with China. The two countries reached agreements on defense and space cooperation while bilateral trade nearly doubled compared to 2010, reaching $ 110 billion in 2019. In 2020, Roscosmos rejected an offer from the US to join NASA-led Artemis program, aimed at bringing people to stay longer on the Moon. In March, Russia and China agreed to jointly develop a base on the Moon to “promote the peaceful discovery and use of space for all mankind” (according to a memorandum of understanding between the two. country). Roscosmos last week also said it aims to set up its own Russian space station by 2030, using modules designed like the ISS. The Interfax news agency quoted Roscosmos Director, Dmitry Rogozin, as saying: “It is likely that by 2030, we can put a space station into orbit, that will be a huge breakthrough.” On Russian television, Deputy Prime Minister Yuri Borisov said that in the future, on the Russian space station, in addition to astronauts, there will be the participation of artificial intelligence and robotics. He stressed that Russia is ready to consider for foreign crews to visit, but definitely the Russian space station must be national. Interfax quoted an unnamed source as saying that Russia planned to spend up to $ 6 billion to put this project into operation. China will also soon introduce the module to build the China Space Station (CSS). The ship carrying this module is scheduled to take off at the end of April. This is the culmination of the project that the Chinese government launched in 1992. After this module goes into space, China plans to launch at least 10 more times. Another launcher carries the remaining modules and cargo to complete the CSS assembly by the end of 2022. The 100-ton, T-shaped CSS will consist of three main modules: the 18-meter core module, called Tianhe, and two 14.4-meter lab modules, called Wentian, that are permanently attached to the sides. of the core module. As the station’s control and control center, Tianhe can accommodate 3 astronauts with a stay of up to 6 months. CSS has volume less than 1/4 the volume of ISS. Instead, configure 3 modules based on China’s need in doing the necessary scientific experiments. The 440-ton ISS with a construction cost of $ 150 billion will end its lifespan and should be returned to Earth expected by 2025. The future of the ISS is still under negotiation after the current cooperation agreements expire. by the end of 2024. According to NASA, from a technical point of view, the ISS can operate until the end of 2028. Of course, the ISS will be upgraded if it wants to last longer, especially electrical and communication systems. .

According to the developers, the tugboat weighs 80 kg, carrying 16 kg of liquid fuel. The tugboat is designed to pull a number of satellites into different orbits. That is seen as a competitive advantage over missiles without tugs. Russia is ambitious in future tugboat development projects. Russia is popularizing the use of the accelerator decks, in fact the tugboats put satellites in different orbits. On March 22, the Fregat stage used in the Soyuz rocket carried 38 foreign satellites to different orbits. By the end of 2020, Russian media reported that Roskosmos State Space Group would spend 4.2 billion rubles on the development of nuclear space tugs for flights to other planets of the solar system. Accordingly, the state corporation plans to develop a preliminary project on creating a space complex with an energy-transport module based on a nuclear electric motor. Expressing confidence in this program, Mr. Alexander Bloshenko – chief executive officer “Roskosmos” said the nuclear space tugboat will be launched to one of the satellites of Jupiter by 2030.

Illustration. TASS. Igor Pshenichnikov, responsible for the Amur-LNG project, said Russian experts are developing a reusable methane rocket engine for the Amur boosters that can redirect carriers. off the launch pad in the event of take-off malfunction. “We are planning to deploy a hot backup and guidance system in the Amur boosters,” he said. If one of the motors fails, it will be turned off while the operation of the other thrusters will be accelerated. The lead expert explained: “In this situation, the quest continuation option would be considered.” If damage occurs during takeoff or near the ground, the missile will not be able to launch due to its large mass. That is why the missile is diverted to a safe distance so as not to damage the launcher. Russian State Space Corporation Roscosmos and Progressive Space Missile Center signed a contract in October 2020 for the design of a space missile system concept with reusable methane-fueled rockets. The first Russian Amur application. The missile will be launched from Vostochny aerospace in the Russian Far East at a stage of reuse. In February, Dmitry Baranov – Director of the Advanced Space Rocket Center (a division of Roscosmos) said work on the conceptual design of the methane Amur fuel missile will be completed by the third quarter of 2021. . Amur is a commercial missile carrier. With the reuse phase, it will be able to put the payload of up to 10.5 tons into orbit as low as Earth, compared with the 8.5 tons carried by the Soyuz-2 rocket.

In a new study published in the journal Acta Astronautica, scientists said, in the future, a dangerous asteroid will plunge itself and collide with Earth. Relatively, an asteroid does not need to be too large to cause severe destruction. One of the simulations in this study is the asteroid 300 meters (1,000 feet) in diameter, the size of six Olympic swimming pools. This is not a large asteroid, but it would still destroy an area of ​​a large city with just the initial impact. An asteroid of this size is possible; as of October 2020, scientists have discovered 9,336 near-Earth object / asteroids (NEO / NEA) that are larger than 140 meters in diameter. Among them, scientists have classified 2,122 as potentially hazardous objects (PHO). So the risks here are not astronomically low – they are more likely to fall to Earth. Scientists say NASA has found that nuclear weapons are “10 to 100 times more effective” in moving asteroids out of a collision course with Earth than alternatives. Non-nuclear, thanks to the much higher energy of fission materials than conventional materials. This energy will apply the asteroid / asteroid an appropriate force to push the asteroids / meteors closer to Earth out of their original orbit. Detonating nuclear weapons to prevent an asteroid / asteroid plunge into Earth is considered optimal and feasible; Source: popularmechanics.com There are two ways to “treat” an asteroid / meteor – disruption or deflection it. In their research, the scientists ran computer simulations to see how it could dislodge the asteroid 300 meters from its flight path toward Earth. Shattering was Armageddon’s solution – hitting the asteroid directly to shatter it into much less damaging pieces. The other way – deflector, is a more “elegant” solution, according to the researchers. This only involves redirecting the entire asteroid so that it doesn’t hit Earth, eliminating the remaining variable left behind by a broken asteroid – debris. When detonating a nucleus near an asteroid, what happens is quite simple – detonating a nuclear device above an asteroid irradiates a certain surface area. Material near the surface melted almost immediately. This small amount of superheated matter then expands out of the asteroid as “blown”, creating a pressure wave in the remaining asteroid. A rocket-like emission pulse is transmitted and the asteroid’s initial velocity is altered, deflecting the asteroid. Nuclear detonation in simulations to change the intensity of its released neutron energy, the scientists found, up to 70% of the deflector action. So if we do this in the real world, the nuclear device will liquefy part of the asteroid’s surface, creating a backlash that alters the asteroid’s orbit. It must be a nuclear device that releases neutrons, not an X-ray emitter, to be as efficient as possible, the researchers said. And while we hope we never have to use those, it’s definitely better if we know in advance that we can.

“We cannot risk the lives (of the astronauts) … The structures and metals on the ISS (are) getting old, possibly leading to irreversible consequences,” Borisov said. Disaster is waiting to happen. Borisov announced that Russia would withdraw from the ISS by 2025. However, he later delayed the time because the country needed to check the technique, decide and inform partners of the plan to build a new space station. A module of a new space station is under development in Russia. Photo: Roscosmos. The Russian Space Agency (Roscosmos) also confirmed that it is developing a successor space station for Salyut and Mir, two space stations launched into low-Earth orbit by Russia in the 1970s and 1980s. know that agreements with international partners related to ISS will expire in 2024. Share on television, Borisov said that the new Russian space station will orbit the Earth at high latitudes, helping to see the polar regions better. He leaves open the possibility of inviting foreign countries to participate in the construction of the space station. In the video posted to the Internet, Dmitry Rogozin, the director of Roscosmos, said that the first module of the space station is under development, possibly in 2025. Interfax Modules assembled by Energia cost about US $ 5 billion. Still, the prospect of a complete Russian space station is far from over. Andrey Ionin, a member of the Russian Space Academy, said that the new space station would be “a step backwards”. “ISS’s greatest achievement is not technology, but international cooperation,” said Ionin. Before building the new space station, Roscosmos still has to bring the Nauka scientific module to the ISS at the end of the year. Rogozin said Russia will not withdraw from the ISS until the completion of the new space station. However, the announcement from Deputy Prime Minister Borisov will put great pressure on the US Aerospace Agency (NASA) and its partners. Russia believes the ISS is degrading. Photo: Roscosmos. Space stations over 20 years old have regularly recorded incidents in recent times. In March, Russian astronauts patched a gas leak on the ISS that has existed since 2020. This is not the first time Russia has complained about the ISS. Speaking at the Russian Academy of Sciences in October 2020, Vladimir Solovyov, who is in charge of Russian flights at the ISS, thinks the space station will deteriorate rapidly in the next five years, advising the country to prioritize building. new universe. “The ISS partners will have difficulty maintaining the space station without Russia,” said Vitaly Egorov, the space industry watcher. Science . The magazine says SpaceX’s astronaut transportation services can fill the void left by Russia. Two astronauts installed the support frame outside the ISS station Two NASA astronauts step outside of the International Space Station (ISS) to install supports for new solar panels.

People in the Eastern Hemisphere can observe Apophis without binoculars by 2029. Exclude from the risk Asteroid 99942 Apophis was discovered in 2004. Apophis was quickly identified as one of the most dangerous asteroids that can impact Earth. However, that impact rating changed as astronomers tracked Apophis and its orbit. Now, results from a new radar observation campaign combined with accurate orbital analysis have helped astronomers conclude that Apophis poses no risk of impacting our planet in the least. at most a century. About 340 meters across, Apophis is quickly known to be an asteroid that could pose a serious threat to Earth. At that time, astronomers predicted that this asteroid would come close to Earth by 2029. Thanks to additional observations of a near-Earth object (NEO), the risk of impact by 2029 has since been eliminated. The scientists then also ruled out the potential impact risk posed by another close approach in 2036. However, a small chance of impact by 2068 is thought to still exist. When Apophis moved away from Earth on March 5, astronomers had an opportunity to use the radar observations vigorously. As a result, it helps refine estimates of the orbits of asteroids around the Sun with extremely high accuracy. Thus, scientists can confidently eliminate all risks of collision by 2068 and much later. “An impact in 2068 is no longer in NASA,” said Davide Farnocchia of the Center for Near-Earth Objects Research (CNEOS) managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Southern California (USA). possibilities could happen again. Our calculations do not show any risk of impact for at least the next 100 years ”. Mr. Farnocchia mentioned the Sentry Risk Impact Table. Maintained by CNEOS, this table holds information about some asteroids whose orbits bring them so close to Earth that the impact cannot be ruled out. With recent findings, the Risk Impact Table no longer includes Apophis. Optical telescopes and ground radars help characterize every orbit of objects near Earth. As a result, scientists can improve long-term risk assessment. CNEOS calculated a high-precision orbit to support NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office. Apophis is no longer a threat to Earth. Opportunity to “follow” Apophis Apophis is the size of three soccer fields, weighing 27 million tons. If it collided with Earth, it would cause an explosion that was equivalent to 880 million tons of TNT. This power could destroy a country of mid-size. Its impact with the Earth will be 65,000 times stronger than the atomic bomb that once fell on the city of Hiroshima, Japan. The impact hole it left could be 518m deep. To achieve new Apophis calculations, astronomers used 70 m radio antennas at the Deep Space Network’s Goldstone Deep Space Communications Complex near Barstow, California. As a result, they were able to accurately track Apophis’ movements. “Apophis used to be close to Earth, but it still has nearly 10.6 million miles (17 million km) to go. Despite this, we were able to obtain extremely accurate information about the distance of Apophis with an accuracy of about 150 m. This campaign helps us eliminate the impact of risk and a great scientific opportunity, ”said JPL scientist Marina Brozovic – who led the radar campaign. Goldstone also partnered with the 100-meter-long Green Bank Telescope in West Virginia to allow Apophis to be photographed. Goldstone transmits while Green Bank receives – experiment that doubles the strength of the received signal. Although the Apophis radar image appears in pixels, the image has a resolution of 38.75 m per pixel. This is a remarkable resolution, considering whether the asteroid is 17 million kilometers away, or about 44 times the Earth-Moon distance. As the radar team analyzes more data, they also hope to learn more about the asteroid’s shape. Previous radar observations have shown that Apophis has a “double layer”, or peanut-like appearance. This is a relatively common shape among asteroids near Earth that are greater than 660 feet (200 m) in diameter. Astronomers are also working to better understand Apophis’ rotation speed and the asteroid axis orbit. On April 13, 2029, the Apophis asteroids will cross less than 20 thousand miles (32 thousand kilometers) from the surface to closer to Earth than the distance of geotechnical asynchronous satellites. On that close 2029 approach, terrestrial observers in the Eastern hemisphere could witness Apophis without the aid of a telescope or binoculars. This is also an unprecedented opportunity for astronomers to get a close-up look at a monument in the Solar System. In particular, now, Apophis is just a scientific curiosity, instead of a danger to our planet. “When I first started learning about asteroids after college, Apophis was a malformed child among dangerous asteroids,” said Mr. Farnocchia. There is a certain sense of satisfaction to see it removed from the list of risks. We are looking forward to knowledge that we can explore in its up-close by 2029 ”.

Super typhoon Surigae shot from Japanese satellite Himawari 8 at 8am on April 18. The strongest wind of a super typhoon reaches level 17 (200-220 km / h), jerking above level 17. Himawari 8 satellite recorded super typhoon activity in the last 4 hours. Himawari 8 is a Geostatic Weather Satellite (single-position fixed observation) operated by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA). This satellite, built by Mitsubishi Electric with the assistance of Boeing, was launched into orbit on October 7, 2014 with a cost of manufacturing about 800 million USD. Users can track images from satellite Himawari 8 via website himawari8.nict.go.jp. It is expected that by the evening of April 18, the super typhoon center is about 380 km east of the central coast of the Philippines. Wind power is unchanged from before. Super storm images updated live on website zoom.earth. This page synthesizes images from Himawari 8 satellite, X GOES data and Meteosat satellite chain. Super storm image at 8:20 am April 18. It is forecast that by the evening of April 19, the super typhoon center is about 280 km southeast of the central coast of the Philippines. The wind power now drops to level 16, recoil above level 17. The direction of super typhoon Surigae on windy.com. Users can download the application on the smartphone to monitor live weather, storms, if any. Image from satellite SAT24 shows the super typhoon about 400 km from the central Philippines. This is the first super typhoon this year to form in the Pacific Northwest. Experts say that even without going to the mainland, the super typhoon appeared in the area at this time is quite early.

Break boundaries in Internet access Elon Musk’s project of covering the Internet around the Earth has begun for users to sign up for testing. You can be one of the first to use this service even while living in Vietnam. Starlink’s ambition is to use 12,000 low-end satellites to cover the Internet to every corner of the globe. So far, this project has been successful in covering all over the Americas with a total of 1,261 satellites in orbit. The billionaire Elon Musk’s satellite Internet project also targets Vietnamese users. Currently, Starlink started allowing users to pre-order to use the service. Accordingly, when accessing the website of Starlink, users can easily choose familiar cities of Vietnam such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Hue, Da Nang, Hai Phong, Can Tho … to register for history. use this service. Startlink will start providing satellite Internet services to users in Vietnam in 2022. However, to be one of the first users, users have to pay a fee of 99 USD (about 2.3 million VND) to “book”. Payment will be made via international cards such as VISA, Master Card. The kit offered will include a Starlink satellite pan, WiFi router, power supply, cable, and rack. In case of change of mind, Starlink will refund the deposit to the user. Assoc.Prof.Dr Pham Anh Tuan, Director of the Vietnam Space Center, said that Starlink is a satellite constellation project, in which thousands of small satellites are launched into low Earth orbit (abbreviated as LEO – Low Earth Orbit), located 550km from the ground. Internet signals will be shot from satellites straight down to receivers on the ground, then these devices will broadcast the signal through the local system or directly via wires connected to the customer’s Starlink router. The strength of satellite Internet is breaking down distance limits. Hilly areas, islands, complicated difficult terrain … still have simple internet access Satellite Internet works similarly to cable Internet, except that the system has more moving elements. When the customer accesses, the data request will be transferred from the computer to a satellite internet pan. This pan will broadcast a data request to a satellite orbiting the Earth. At this point, the satellite will send the received request to the ISP. The data is transmitted from the carrier to the satellite, then from the satellite to the satellite Internet pan, down to your router and into the computer. The more satellites, the more stable the signal. These satellites act like base stations, except that they are not obstructed by topographic space. Competition between suppliers According to Assoc.Prof. Dr. Pham Anh Tuan, the appearance of the SpaceX provider will create fierce competition from today’s telecom businesses. However, the bigger problem is that we do not have legal bases to manage cybersecurity for foreign suppliers. Therefore, in the coming time, there will be a need to consider legal frameworks to manage network information security, avoid bad and negative information, affecting socio-economic security. Assoc.Prof.Dr. Nguyen Huu Thanh, Director of the Institute of Electronics and Telecommunications, Hanoi University of Technology, this technology will create a big competition with network operators. Currently, Vietnam’s Internet is also relatively good, has coverage in remote areas, islands, but not as flexible as satellite Internet. Starlink is faster than optical fiber depending on the provider, but it is known that the bandwidth of the satellite Internet is very large, so it will compete greatly with current providers. The important point to compete here is the fee charged by the satellite internet provider, if it is too high, it will also be difficult to attract users. According to Assoc.Prof. Dr. Nguyen Huu Thanh, when the entire Starlink satellite system is put into orbit, this service will provide almost global coverage to populated areas. Users using the service only need to buy a pan to catch the waves, like a pan to watch TV. As for cybersecurity, if we talk about hacker intrusions and users, each person must be equipped with tools to protect themselves. Therefore, this problem is the same as with Vietnamese carriers only. The most important thing is to have fair competition policies, otherwise this market will be lost to foreign hands According to experts, Starlink can have coverage to the country or not depending on the country’s regulations. Currently, many countries have allowed Starlink to operate, but China and Russia will require the service to comply with special rules if they allow Starlink to broadcast on their own frequencies. Some countries prohibit the purchase, sale and use of ground-mounted Starlink receivers. In Vietnam, to manage satellite Internet, it is necessary to soon have appropriate regulations. In terms of feasibility, the cost of Internet services from the orbital satellite cluster is as low as that of Starlink is still 7-8 times higher than the price of fixed broadband Internet service in Vietnam. In the case of being deployed in Vietnam, satellite Internet service will be the solution to the problem of Internet coverage in areas with divided terrain such as hills, islands … In addition, the provision of satellite Internet services using low-orbit satellite beam technology promotes the development of the maritime and aviation industries.

International space station. Photo: Getty The Russian Deputy Prime Minister’s office also said that “information on operational incidents is being recorded more frequently than in recent times” and that an examination of the ISS is required to avoid possible emergency situations out. Astronauts have had to find a way to fix the leak due to cracks in some modules. Mr. Vladimir Solovyev, Deputy Director of Energia in charge of ISS of Russia in November 2020, said that some components of the ISS station were damaged, could not be replaced and would stop working after 2025. Energia is currently researching. to build a space station named Russia Orbital to replace ISS. The ISS was commissioned in 1998. The life cycle of this space station has been extended to 2020 and then to 2024. Dmitry Rogozin, the head of Russia’s Roscosmos space agency, said after the ISS was shut down, the Progress cargo spacecraft would pull it out of orbit. Then, the ISS will fall into the ocean like the Russian Mir space station when decommissioned in 2001./.

The technology giants like Amazon, SpaceX, OneWeb continuously pour money to invest in satellite Internet. Photo: TechCrunch In recent years, satellite broadband is becoming an increasingly popular way to connect to the Internet. Major space companies are also in the race to build ultra-high-speed Internet services through orbiting satellites. Now, the field is forming a model similar to the “Seven Warring Heroes”. The companies are all moving towards a common goal: competing to be the biggest brand in broadband satellite and SpaceX’s position with Starlink dominance is being challenged. SpaceX’s Starlink project SpaceX boss – Elon Musk Of all the companies, SpaceX is the one involved with the most satellite launches. Its Starlink project has more than 1,350 satellites in orbit and plans to launch 42,000 satellites by mid-2027. Eventually, SpaceX hopes to have thousands of satellites around the Earth to establish a global network. Starlink’s Beta “Better than Nothing” was launched last October and attracted more than 10,000 users in six different countries. Starlink’s business model connects customers directly with satellites without the intervention of telecom companies between the two parties. Users register for Starlink service through the website. Once the order is accepted, Starlink will send the hardware set to the customer, which includes a tripod, WiFi router and satellite antenna. Monthly subscription fee is $ 99, and maximum download speed can reach 210 Mbps. Starlink is expanding rapidly and plans to install antennas on vehicles and connect them to satellite networks. According to the test of Internet analytics service developer Ookla, the download speed when using SpaceX’s satellite Internet is 95% faster than the normal Internet in the United States. Project Kuiper from Amazon The Amazon project is named Kuiper In 2018, Amazon’s Kuiper Project was revealed. At that time, government documents showed that the tech giant was working to build global space-based Internet services. The goal of the project is to launch 3236 satellites into a 630 km long orbit, very close to the 550 km altitude of the Starlink satellite. In January of this year, the US Federal Communications Commission approved the Kuiper Project to launch Amazon satellites into space before July 2029, and connect them to antennas on Earth to provide translation. Internet service. As of July 30, 2026, 50% of the project’s satellites will operate. Like Elon Musk, Jeff Bezos, the boss of Amazon, also owns a private rocket and space service company called Blue Orgin. Although no specific plans have been announced, the company is believed to be in charge of bringing the Kuiper satellite into orbit. OneWeb The Soyuz-2.1b carrier missile carries 36 OneWeb satellites that take off from the launch pad of the Vostocini launch pad. OneWeb is a UK owned broadband satellite provider. It currently has 146 satellites in orbit, 1,200 km from the ground and plans to launch a total of 648 satellites to provide global Internet service. In November last year, the company got out of bankruptcy thanks to the British government and India’s Bharti Group. OneWeb hopes to provide Internet services to the entire UK by June. Its latest service will cover the highest latitudes in the world, including Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Russia and Nordic countries. This British company provides a B2B model, provides satellite Internet to telecom companies, then the telecom companies deliver services to customers. Both SpaceX and OneWeb launched satellites into space on March 25, clearly showing a race between the world’s two leading powers in space technology. Hughes Net Satellite team Hughes Jupiter 2 Hughes Net is the largest satellite Internet provider in the United States. It relies on geostationary orbit (GEO) satellites 36,210 km away to transmit the Internet back to earth. The main difference between a satellite operating in low Earth Orbit (LEO) and a geostationary satellite is that GEO satellites can cause delays in video calls and public calls. other technology. However, the GEO satellites are in a fixed position, so unlike LEO satellites, they will not travel in orbit but target a specific area. The Hughes Network has more than 1.5 million users and six satellites in orbit, covering different areas of North America, South America and Canada, including Mexico, Brazil and Chile. The last satellite that Hughes launched was in June 2018 and its goal is to put another satellite, called Jupiter 3, into orbit by the second half of 2022. It is said that this will be a commercial satellite. the biggest ever. Hughes’ satellite service costs range from $ 59.99 to $ 149.99 per month and download speeds of 25Mbps. The kit is priced at $ 249.99, and the installation costs $ 199. The company also offers public WiFi hotspots for rural Latin America for people who cannot afford subscription fees. Telesat Daniel Goldberg, CEO and President of Telesat, Canada’s satellite operator Telesat has 15 GEO satellites at an altitude of 35,000 km above Earth. The company also plans to build an LEO Internet called “LightSpeed”. The first 298 satellites built by Thales Alenia Space are scheduled to launch in early 2023 and provide global services by 2024. According to reports, Goldberg confirmed at the 2021 LEO Satellite Digital Forum on April 6 that the LightSpeed ​​project would cost $ 5 billion. This is much cheaper than the projects of SpaceX and Amazon, which are more than $ 10 billion. Goldberg recently stated that Telesat has the best pricing in the market. In 2019, Telesat signed a launch agreement with Blue Origin to use New Glenn rockets to send LEO satellites into orbit. David Wendling, Telesat’s chief technology officer, revealed that the company has three other startups underway. ViaSat ViaSat application on smartphone ViaSat is headquartered in California, USA, operates five GEO satellites at an altitude of about 35,000 km from the Earth’s surface. The company will put three extremely powerful GEO satellites into orbit by the beginning of 2022 and achieve globalization goals until 2023. ViaSat also plans to put 288 satellites into orbit LEO by 2026. ViaSat executive chairman and co-founder Mark Dankberg said the GEO and LEO satellites would complement each other. ViaSat is working hard to create a “multi-orbit satellite Internet where users can seamlessly use GEO satellites and LEO satellites.” In December 2020, Viasat asked the FCC to study Starlink’s potential environmental impact. In response, Musk wrote on Twitter: “Obviously, Starlink is a ‘threat’ to Viasat’s profits.” Eutelsat Eutelsat is Europe’s satellite operator with 39 GEO satellites at an altitude of 46,000 km. The company now provides Internet services to the regions of Europe, Africa and the Middle East, and plans to launch another satellite called Konnect VHTS to cover the rest of Europe. Michel Azibert, Executive Vice President of Eutelsat, said: “Konnect VHTS will change the rules of the game and allow Eutelsat to seamlessly deliver powerful Internet services to users at prices comparable to the above operators. ground.” Azibert says Eutelsat’s satellite service “is much lower than Starlink, very well suited to the rural markets we’re targeting in Europe, the Middle East and Africa.” Eutelsat was founded in 1977 and launched its first satellite in 1983.

The moment the Vostok 1 and Gagarin left the launch pad. Photo: AP

Not to be outdone, in 1958, the US also successfully put the Explorer 1 satellite into orbit. After this period, the two sides entered a fierce race to conquer space, aiming to become the first country able to bring people to space.

Finally, the Soviet Union was the country to finish earlier, with astronaut Yuri Gagarin’s orbit exactly 60 years ago, on April 12, 1961 – the flight is historic and is considered to have changed change the world.

According to RBTH, Yuri Gagarin was born on March 9, 1934 in an ordinary carpenter family in Smolensk. At the age of 16, he moved to Moscow and then entered an engineering school in Saratov. Gagarin has been dreaming of the sky since childhood. One of the first pictures of Gagarin that his family still has is a young man standing by the wing of an airplane, raising his hand in excitement.

Image of Gagarin sitting on the Vostok spacecraft 1. Photo: ITN

While still a student in Saratov, Gagarin volunteered to join an aviation club. Thanks to his talent and relentless efforts, in 1955, at the age of 21, Gagarin was sent to the Chkalov First Air Force Pilot School in Orenburg and graduated with excellent results after 2 years.

In November 1957, he officially became a military pilot with the rank of lieutenant in the Soviet Air Force. At the same time, the Soviet Union launched an artificial satellite to bring the dog Laica into space. In the early 1960s, he enrolled in the secret program of selecting astronauts for a flight to space and became one of the group of 20 brightest candidates.

Yuri Gagarin. Photo: ITN

After nearly a year of hard training, Gagarin has proven the qualities that show he is the best person, passing all rigorous physical and mental tests – the most important factor for an astronaut. The universe.

On April 8, 1961, major pilot Gagarin was officially selected to be the first person to fly into space. His substitute was none other than astronaut Gherman Titov, who later flew into space aboard the Vostok 2 spacecraft on August 6, 1961.

The night before the flight, April 11, 1961, Gagarin and Titov spent the night in a small bungalow in Baikonur. “I’m leaving tomorrow and I can’t even believe it will be me,” Gagarin told his colleague. At 5:00 a.m. on April 12, 1961, two astronauts were awakened and taken to Baikonur airport.

The convoy carried Gagarin when he returned to Moscow on April 14, 1961. Photo: TASS

After completing the final procedures, Gagarin boarded the Vostok 1 train, Titov remained for the next mission. At 9:07, the ship and Gagarin left the launch pad. After 10 minutes, the train enters orbit at a speed of 29,000 km / h, reaching a maximum altitude of 327 km. Gagarin became the first person to see the species’ common home from outer space.

“I see the Earth, it’s beautiful,” he said from space in his colleague’s rupture on the ground.

After completing a 108-minute round-the-Earth journey, Gagarin and his landing gear landed safely by parachuting into a field in the state of Saratov. Due to his landing a few kilometers from the proposed site, the first two people to see him were an old farmer woman and a baby girl. Gagarin once spent several minutes explaining to them he was … not a Western spy, according to WION.

Gagarin’s landing gear landed in a field in Saratov. Photo: ITN

When a colleague appeared, he was greeted with glee. He rested for a few days and was brought back to Moscow on April 14, 1961 on a jet. Hundreds of thousands of Soviet citizens filled the streets of Moscow at that time to celebrate the country’s hero.

According to Russian media, because of the dangerous and secret nature of the flight mission, after being selected as the first astronaut, Yuri Gagarin even wrote a suicide note. If the worst happens, the letter will be sent to your family.

Also, since no one had ever been to space before Gagarin, Soviet scientists could not predict every situation that happened to astronauts. Therefore, the Vostok is controlled from the ground and Yuri Gagarin can only intervene in case of emergency.

Talking about the moment in space, Gagari said seeing the soft blue Earth, next to the dark sky, but with many bright stars. Gagarin could not see the Moon but the Sun was very bright, many times brighter than from Earth.

Gagarin visited London in 1961. Photo: Russian DSQ in London

After the legendary flight, Gagarin participated in Soviet space training and research activities. He also spends a lot of time traveling around the world to inspire his travels and met many famous people.

In 1967, after witnessing his best friend, astronaut Vladimir Komarov, died when a mission to connect two spacecraft in orbit failed, he collapsed.

On March 27, 1968, more than a year after the death of his best friend, Yuri Gagarin returned to the flight route with the task of training a test pilot on the first generation MiG-15 jet fighter. However, the MiG-15 crashed shortly after takeoff, killing him.

Gagarin before the fateful flight in 1968. Photo: ITN

At that time, the Soviet Union decided not to publish specific information about the cause of Gagarin’s death, creating many speculations. In 2011, 50 years after Gagarin’s space flight, the Russian government published more than 700 pages of documents about Gagarin, which revealed that the weather on March 27, 1968 was very complicated and the dive moves. Gagarin, or its co-pilot, put the plane in danger.

The International Space Station (ISS). Photo: Wiki

Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed a plan to start building manned orbital satellites to replace the International Space Station (ISS), which appears to be nearing its end of life.

In recent years, the ISS has started to degrade, astronauts are now regularly detecting cracks, according to RT. Last week, it was revealed that Russian astronauts are still working to seal the leak that was first discovered in 2019. The ongoing problems with the International Space Station have prompted Russia began creating an alternative device.

Called ROSS, the Russian orbital satellite will consist of three to seven modules and can carry up to four people. Although only approved by President Putin on April 12, on the 60th anniversary of the landmark first flight into space by Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, the project has been underway for some time.

Last November, the first deputy design general of space contractor RSC Energia expressed confidence that Russia needs to start building a new station, saying that the ISS has collapsed.

“Until 2025, Russia has an obligation to participate in the ISS program” – Mr. Vladimir Solovyov told the Russian Academy of Sciences. “There were some parts that were severely damaged and no longer working. Many parts are irreplaceable. After 2025, we predict a series of failures on the ISS ”.

Russia has a long history of building its own satellites, with Sputnik 1 being the first satellite launched into low earth orbit in 1957. In 1986, the Soviet Union launched a manufactured space station. in the country called Mir – was the largest artificial satellite in orbit at the time.

Last May, the Russian Space Agency Roscomos revealed, ROSS could be ready for deployment after 2024.

Despite Russia’s willingness to do it alone, Roscosmos has reaffirmed its commitment to international cooperation in recent months. Earlier this month, Russia signed a plan to continue cooperation with the US in space and the two countries would use each other’s rockets to enter space.

Roscosmos also signed a moon exploration agreement with China in March, and agreed to share a moon station with Beijing.

While space is often a place for international competition, both Washington and Moscow often help each other when needed. For example, earlier this year, American astronauts donated food to their Russian partners when supplies from the earth were delayed.

The International Space Station is the only laboratory in the world that allows researchers to perform long-term experiments in microgravity. The ISS has been in the presence of humans continuously since November 2000. The ISS is 109 meters long, 75 meters wide – the equivalent of a football field – and weighs 420 tons. The ISS flies at an altitude of about 400km above earth. The ISS moves at a speed of about 8km / sec, or around the earth about 90 minutes / round. The travel from the launch site in Baikonur, Kazakhstan to ISS by Russian Soyuz can take anywhere from 6 to 48 hours, depending on the launch procedure and the station’s position in orbit.

Images of Yuri Gagarin present everywhere in Russia – Photo: AFP

Russian astronaut Sergei Kud-Sverchkov, who is currently working on the International Space Station (ISS), said in a video clip released by the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) on April 12 – in celebration 60 years of human astronaut Yuri Gagarin becomes the first person to fly into space.

60 years ago, on April 12, 1961, the Vostok spacecraft carrying astronaut Gagarin was launched from Baikonour Space Airport in Kazakhstan, then part of the Soviet Union. The flight lasted just 108 minutes when the ship completed one orbit of the Earth and returned.

Since then, astronaut Gagarin has also become a legend. The historian Alexander Zheleznyakov called this a moment that gave humanity a firm conviction that discovering another world outside of the vast universe was entirely within reach.

The event has made such a deep impression that the 27-year-old astronaut’s “Poekhali” has become a symbolic catchphrase for the Russian people throughout the years to come.

After 60 years, astronaut Yuri Gagarin is still mentioned as a national hero. Every year, many Russian people still come to place flowers at his memorial sites across the country on April 12.

While Gagarin was honored, the Vostok spacecraft was also put on display at the Space Travel Foundation in Moscow. Up to now, Gagarin’s flight has always been referred to as national pride for each Russian, a symbol of the power of the Soviet Union in the field of aerospace.

Every year, Russia celebrates the first flight of astronaut Gagarin into space and April 12 becomes Russia’s Astronaut Day.

In 2011, the United Nations General Assembly declared April 12 to become the International Day of Flight to put people into space.

On this occasion, Russian President Vladimir Putin went to Engels, a city on the banks of the Volga River in the south of the country, the landing point of the spacecraft carrying the Gagarin astronaut on a historic flight.

Four years before Gagarin’s flight, on October 4, 1957, the Soviet Union was also the first country in the world to put a satellite in orbit on Earth – the Sputnik satellite. Until now, the world still considered the first two “beep-beep” signals Sputnik sent to Earth triggered a race between the Soviet Union and the United States in the space field. pillar.

In the years that followed, Russia always took the lead when Gagarin successfully flew his flight, or the fact that the astronaut Alexei Leonov became the first person to step into space and the fact that Russia was the first country to launch. The Moon probe was launched in 1966. However, three years later, the US became the first country to send a man to the Moon.

Competition is fierce

Over the past 60 years, Russia has maintained a leading position in space exploration, steadily bringing astronauts to the ISS. However, observers assess that Russia is currently competing with strong competitors such as the US and China in the race to develop space technology.

In 2020, Russia loses its monopoly on human launchers on the ISS when US tech billionaire Elon Musk’s Space X Company develops and successfully put into use reusable missile systems, bring the NASA astronauts to the ISS successfully.

Although Roscosmos Director Dmitry Rogozin insists the agency is pursuing ambitious projects such as a mission to Venus, Mars or setting up a space station on the Moon, industry insiders still consider this time to be full. difficult for Russia as rivals emerge increasingly powerful.

However, the Russian people still believe in future success when looking at the historical fact that this country always appears at memorable times in human history.