Dry landscape in a field in the town of Walgett, Australia. Photo: AFP/VNA Ms. Mami Mizutori, the UN Secretary-General’s special representative for disaster risk reduction, said that drought risks becoming the next great disaster and there is no cure. A United Nations report released on June 17 found that drought caused at least $124 billion in economic losses and affected more than 1.5 billion people between 1998 and 2017. United Nations, now that global warming has increased droughts in Southern Europe and West Africa and the number of victims will “increase significantly” unless the world acts, Ms. Mizutori said. Some 130 countries could face a major drought risk this century under the UN high-emissions scenario, another 23 would face water shortages because of population growth, and 38 countries are affected by both factors. Ms. Mizutori likens drought to a virus – which tends to be long-lasting, has a wide geographic range and causes severe damage. Countries are not affected by drought but are still affected indirectly through food insecurity and rising food prices.” The United Nations forecasts that droughts will be more frequent and severe in most of Africa, Central and South America, Central Asia, South Australia, Southern Europe, Mexico and the United States. More than 40% of European Union (EU) agricultural imports could be “vulnerable” to drought by mid-century due to climate change, according to a study published in Nature Communications in the journal Nature Communications. this week.

Theme 2021 – Strength beyond all odds What is albinism? Albinism is a rare, non-contagious genetic difference that is inherited from birth. In almost all types of albinism, both parents must carry the gene for the inheritance, even if they do not themselves have albinism. The condition is found in both sexes regardless of ethnicity and in all countries of the world. Albinism results in a lack of pigment (melanin) in the hair, skin, and eyes, leaving the skin vulnerable to sunlight and light. As a result, most people with albinism are visually impaired and prone to skin cancer. There is currently no cure for the absence of melanin pigment. Singer and model Connie Chiu was born in Hong Kong. As the fourth child in a Chinese family, she is the only one born with albinism. Connie and her family moved to Sweden, where she grew up studying art and journalism. (Photo: OHCHR) It is estimated that in North America and Europe 1 in 17,000 to 20,000 people have some form of albinism. The condition is much more common in sub-Saharan Africa, with an estimated 1 in 1,400 people affected in Tanzania and a high prevalence of 1/1000 for certain populations in Zimbabwe and other specific ethnic groups in South Africa. Health challenges of people living with albinism The lack of the pigment melanin makes people with albinism very susceptible to skin cancer. In some countries, the majority of people with albinism die of skin cancer between the ages of 30 and 40. Skin cancer is preventable when people with albinism enjoy the right to health care, including the right to regular checkups, the use of sunscreen, sunglasses, and sun-protective clothing. In some countries, these ‘lifesaving’ means are not readily available or very difficult to reach for those with the disease. Thus, in a developing world, people with albinism have been and are among the “farthest left behind”. The United Nations emphasizes the need to target human rights interventions in the manner envisioned by the Sustainable Development Goals. Due to a lack of melanin pigment in the skin and eyes, people with albinism often experience permanent vision loss. (Photo: Eyes on Europe) People with albinism and human rights People with albinism face many forms of discrimination. Albinism is still deeply misunderstood, both socially and medically. The physical appearance of people with albinism often makes them objects of alienation due to false beliefs and superstitions that have existed for centuries. Such misconceptions are still present in attitudes and practices around the world. This makes people with albinism even more marginalized and excluded. Independent UN expert on the rights of people with albinism The United Nations Human Rights Council passed a resolution in 2013 calling for the prevention of attacks and discrimination against people with albinism. Furthermore, in response to calls from civil society organizations to support the designation of people with albinism as a specific group with special needs requiring special attention, the Council adopted the mandate Independent Expert on Human Rights of People with Albinism. In June 2015, the Human Rights Council appointed Ms. Ikponwosa Ero as the first Independent Expert on the human rights of people with albinism. An albino child parades through the streets of Harare during World Albinism Awareness Day 2016. (Image: AP) Violence and discrimination against people with albinism Although it is reported that people with albinism globally face stigma and discrimination, information about cases of physical attacks targeting people with albinism mainly comes from present in African countries. People with albinism face more severe forms of discrimination and violence in those areas, where most of the general population is relatively dark-skinned. In other words, a greater degree of contrast in pigments generally leads to a higher degree of discrimination. Albinism is a rare, non-communicable condition that is inherited at birth. The disease is found in both sexes, regardless of ethnicity, in all countries of the world. (Photo: UN) There have been hundreds of assaults and murders with albinism reported in 28 countries in sub-Saharan Africa over the past decade. The attacks have several root causes including longstanding stigma, poverty and harmful practices stemming from beliefs in the wizarding world. The alarming fact is that these horrible practices continue to this day. The way in which people with albinism face discrimination, and how severe it is, varies from region to region. In the Western world, including North America, Europe and Australia, discrimination often includes name-calling, persistent teasing and bullying of children with albinism. There is little information from other regions such as Asia, South America and the Pacific. However, some reports indicate that in China and other Asian countries, children with albinism face abandonment by their families. Quynh Hoa According to United Nations

Theme of World Environment Day 2021: “Ecosystem Restoration”. (Photo: nationbytes.com) On June 5, 1972, on the opening day of the first World Environment Conference held in Stockholm, Sweden, World Environment Day was officially proclaimed by the United Nations Environment Program. During the session on December 15, 1972, the United Nations General Assembly (UN) issued an official resolution. Since then, World Environment Day June 5 has been solemnly celebrated in more than 100 countries around the world. The purpose of World Environment Day is to focus worldwide attention on the importance of the environment and to encourage political attention and environmental action. This event makes environmental issues humane; empowering people to be active agents of equitable and sustainable development; improve communities’ understanding of the key role in changing behavior towards environmental issues; ensure all nations and peoples enjoy a safer and more prosperous future. 2021: Launching Ecosystem Recovery World Environment Day 2021 will see the start of the “Decade of Ecosystem Restoration”. The UN Decade of Ecosystem Restoration is a rallying call to protect and revitalize ecosystems worldwide, for the benefit of people and nature. Ecosystems play an extremely important role in human life, providing people with invaluable benefits such as stabilizing the climate, purifying the air, providing oxygen, providing water, food, etc. medicine… In addition, ecosystems are also habitats for wildlife species. However, ecosystems are currently experiencing the fastest degradation rates in human history because they are facing enormous threats such as deforestation; water pollution of lakes, rivers and streams; wetlands become dry; coastal and marine areas are degraded and overexploited. According to the study, the degradation of land and marine ecosystems reduces the well-being of 3.2 billion people and causes an estimated 10% loss of global gross product annually due to the loss of species and ecosystem services. Currently, about 20% of the planet’s vegetation surface shows trends in productivity reductions related to erosion, depletion and pollution in all parts of the world. By 2050, degradation and climate change could reduce crop yields globally by 10% and up to 50% in some regions. In response to this situation, on March 1, 2021, the United Nations General Assembly declared the period 2021 – 2030 as the “Decade of Ecosystem Restoration” to scale up the restoration of ecosystems. degraded and destroyed ecosystems to combat the climate crisis, increase food security, water resources and biodiversity. Ecosystem Restoration means assisting in the restoration of degraded or destroyed ecosystems, as well as preserving intact ecosystems. Healthier ecosystems, with richer biodiversity, offer more benefits to humans such as more fertile soils, greater fish and wood production, and greater amounts of stored greenhouse gases. . All types of ecosystems can be restored, including forests, farmland, cities, wetlands, and oceans. Recovery initiatives can be launched by almost anyone, from governments and development agencies to businesses, communities and individuals. Because there are many and varied causes of ecosystem degradation and at different scales. The UN’s “Decade of Ecosystem Restoration” runs from 2021 to 2030, which is also the final deadline of the Sustainable Development Goals and the timeline that scientists have identified as the foundation. Last chance to avert catastrophic climate change. Only with healthy ecosystems can we enhance people’s livelihoods, limit disease, combat climate change and prevent the collapse of biodiversity.

Elephants and giraffes inhabit Hwange National Park. Photo: Reuters According to the United Nations Commission on Biological Diversity, Earth’s ecosystems – the foundation of life – are being degraded at an unprecedented rate. Biodiversity provides 18 basic services globally to sustain human activities and development. However, these 14/18 contributions of nature are on a global downward trend. In addition, the rate of forest cover has decreased from 31.6% to 30.6% in the period 1990-2015. Coral reef ecosystems have the highest decline in survival index, between 1970 and 2015 it has decreased by 35% to 25% of the studied species are threatened with extinction. About 7 million other species of animals and plants are also at risk of “disappearing” due to human impacts. Meanwhile, the consumption of wild animals and habitat destruction have made infectious diseases more likely to spread to humans. The weaker the “health” of the ecosystem, the more fragile the immune “wall” between humans and pathogens. Without a change in the way people treat nature, future pandemics will occur frequently, cost many lives and severely impact the global economy. The severity is much greater than what the COVID-19 pandemic has caused to the world today. The loss of biodiversity and climate change have been threatening the progress of global sustainable development. According to the United Nations, the livelihoods of more than 3 billion people around the world depend on marine and coastal biodiversity, while 1.6 billion people make a living from forests. Therefore, the conservation of species on Earth is no longer in the framework of “altruism” but plays an important role in ensuring human life. In a statement kicking off the UN Decade for Ecosystem Restoration, UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres warned that the Earth was approaching a “point of no return” of deforestation, pollution of rivers and oceans. ocean, plowed lawns… seem to have fallen into oblivion. He stated: “We are destroying the very ecosystems that are the foundation of society. The degradation of the natural world is destroying the very food, water and resources needed for humans and other living things. animals exist, as well as the lives of 3.2 billion people – or 40% of the world’s population.” In 2010, in the city of Nagoya (Aichi Prefecture, Japan), about 190 countries participating in the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity adopted an ambitious 2020 action strategy to reduce pressure from society. human society towards the natural world, conservation of biodiversity. Within the framework of this convention, countries have set 20 goals on biodiversity by 2020 to conserve biodiversity and restore ecosystems globally. The decisions of the 12th, 13th and 14th stakeholder meetings of the Convention on Biological Diversity all called for the parties to the convention to develop and adopt ecosystem restoration plans. Some of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development goals are related to ecosystem restoration that require urgent global action if they are to be achieved. The Ramsar Convention’s Strategic Plan 2016-2024 also includes goals for wetland ecosystem restoration to conserve biodiversity and adapt to climate change. However, as ecosystems continue to degrade rapidly, marine ecosystems, from coastal to deep sea, are currently suffering the heaviest losses in history due to human activities. In a study published in the journal Frontiers in Forest and Global Change, scientists found that only 3% of the world’s land area (excluding Antarctica) is still ecologically intact, with populations of healthy primitive animal body and undisturbed habitat. Global natural biodiversity is severely reduced by modern farming techniques; deforestation; habitat destruction in marshlands and in the ocean… The report of the Intergovernmental Forum on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services also indicates that the global rate of species extinction has increased at least tens to hundreds of times higher than the average rate. over the past 10 million years and continues to grow rapidly. It is estimated that about 7 million species are at risk of extinction in the next 30 years; 3/4 of the world’s bird species are endangered; A quarter of mammals are likely to disappear from the Earth. Great Barrier Reef on Orpheus Island, Australia. Photo: AFP/VNA On the other hand, the Aichi goals by 2020 are almost all unattainable. Of the 20 Aichi goals, only 4 have a high probability of achieving, the remaining goals are rated as low or unattainable. This report, together with the Convention on Biological Diversity, highlights the need for the world to take urgent efforts now and take effective action to stop the serious ecological degradation that is taking place. The United Nations has designated 2021-2030 as the decade of ecosystem restoration based on proposals from more than 70 countries, with the goal of accelerating worldwide efforts to prevent and reverse the degradation of ecosystems. ecosystems and raise awareness of the importance of ecosystems to human life. The United Nations emphasized that the restoration and conservation of ecosystems make an important contribution to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the Paris Agreement under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Multicultural Framework. global biodiversity. The UN recommends that countries strengthen political will, mobilize resources, improve capacity in scientific research, and cooperate internationally to create driving force for ecosystem restoration at national, regional and international levels. local; mainstreaming ecosystem restoration into national development policies and plans, thereby creating opportunities for ecosystems to increase their resilience and the opportunity to maintain and improve livelihoods for all. people. Countries develop and implement policies and plans to prevent ecosystem degradation, in accordance with national laws and priorities, and develop and strengthen initiatives to enhance recovery effectiveness. Ecosystem; create conditions for synergies and consensus on an overall view to achieve national commitments and priorities through ecosystem restoration; promote sharing of experiences and good practices in ecosystem conservation and restoration. UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres emphasized: “Fortunately, the Earth is resilient and we still have time to reverse the damage we have caused. By restoring ecosystems with the With unprecedented efforts to heal the Earth, we can accelerate a transformation that contributes to the achievement of all the Sustainable Development Goals.” Achieving these goals will not only protect the planet’s resources, but will also help create millions of new jobs by 2030, generate more than $7 trillion in profits a year, and help erase the planet, Guterres said. poverty. Ru Cha primary mangrove forest in Huong Phong commune, Huong Tra town, Thua Thien – Hue province (Vietnam) has an area of ​​​​about 5 hectares, has the function of preventing salinity, protecting aquatic resources and the mainland. Photo: Ho Cau/VNA Vietnam is currently in the group of countries with the most important and diverse ecosystems in the world, both in terms of marine and terrestrial ecosystems (especially forest and mangrove ecosystems). Vietnam currently has 173 protected areas with a total area of ​​over 2.5 million hectares, including 33 national parks, 66 nature reserves, 18 species and habitat conservation areas and 56 landscape protection zones. In particular, 9 sites are recognized as “world biosphere reserves”, 3 are “world natural heritage sites” recognized by UNESCO, 9 ramsar sites (wetlands), 10 ASEAN heritage garden. As one of the active members of the international community, Vietnam always strives to protect and develop natural ecosystems, biological species, and rich, endemic, precious and rare genetic resources. and has achieved many remarkable achievements. In addition, Vietnam is also committed to joining hands with countries in the region and around the world, working together to reverse the loss of biodiversity by 2030 for sustainable development. In the words of UN Secretary-General Guterres, the next 10 years are “the last chance” for humans to heal their own “wounds” to the Earth, preventing climate change, pollution and biodiversity loss. Only with strong action can people end these 10 years with a bright vision: living in peace with nature and ensuring a better future for all.

People ride bicycles to celebrate Car Free Day in Brussels, Belgium, September 22, 2019. Photo: THX/VNA For more than two centuries, the bicycle has always been considered a sustainable means of transportation, with obvious convenience. For many people’s lives, bicycles are a simple but effective, practical, “affordable” tool. Today, the use of bicycles is also a solution to improve health and raise environmental awareness. In fact, bicycles are a tool to support the development of transport, education and health sectors. In some underdeveloped areas, bicycles are an essential means of life for people who cannot afford to own a motor vehicle. The bicycle helps people take their children to school, to work, to medical care, etc. In big cities, bicycles can become a bridge between public transport solutions. People can use bicycles to move between transit stations, bus stops or piers. For places where there is no infrastructure to serve the needs of fitness and sports, cycling is a way to help people exercise their health and flexibility. According to a report by the World Health Organization (WHO), regularly cycling can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes or cancer. In addition, the use of bicycles clearly shows the trend of “clean transportation”, being environmentally friendly in today’s time. Bicycles can send messages about sustainable consumption and production, making a positive contribution to environmental and climate protection. Cycling can also help people develop creative thinking, have more awareness about society and the surrounding life. UN calls for attention to the role of bicycles On the occasion of World Bicycle Day 3 June 2021, the United Nations General Assembly calls on Member States to support the use of bicycles to promote sustainable development and strengthen social areas such as health, education and training. sex. The UN also emphasized the role of bicycle use in the process of improving health, preventing diseases, and ensuring social justice. Based on the important and practical values ​​​​of cycling for social development, the UN encourages countries to focus on the role of bicycles in domestic development policies and strategies. , regionally and worldwide. The United Nations urges member states to strengthen road safety and develop sustainable transport infrastructure with a focus on pedestrians and cyclists. To achieve the goals of reducing emissions, improving air quality and improving traffic, road infrastructure needs to meet mobility needs and ensure pedestrian and pedestrian safety. bike. The UN encourages Member States to adopt policies and measures that encourage and support the use of bicycles in everyday life. The United Nations General Assembly actively welcomes movements to promote “cycling culture” in Member States and around the world. Bicycles in Vietnam Photo: Manh Linh/Newspapers In her speech at the celebration of World Bicycle Day 2018, Ms. Nguyen Phuong Nga, former Head of the Permanent Mission of Vietnam to the UN emphasized that the bicycle is a close “companion” of the people. Vietnam in the past, present and future. During the two resistance wars against the French colonialists and the American imperialists, our army and people used bicycles to supply food and ammunition to the front lines. The image of bicycles on the road in support of the Dien Bien Phu campaign is a testament to the important role of bicycles in the struggle for independence of the Vietnamese people. The war ended, before the motorcycle became popular, the bicycle was the main means of transport for workers in the process of development, restoration and national construction. Currently, bicycles are still a useful means of transportation with low cost and high popularity throughout the provinces of Vietnam. In addition to the health benefits, cycling can also help young people express their own style and personality. Ho Chi Minh City has started piloting public bicycle rental systems through smart devices in District 1. This vehicle model is a solution to help people move around economically. and convenient between public bus points or in the city. According to Mr. Khuat Viet Hung, Vice Chairman of the National Traffic Safety Committee, public bicycles play an important role in the development of public transport modes such as buses and trams because they can help reduce personal motor vehicles and connect railway stations, bus stations, or transit points in urban areas.

Emissions from a factory in Scunthorpe, UK. Photo: AFP/VNA The UK’s Emissions Trading Scheme officially became operational two weeks ago, replacing the UK’s participation in the EU’s common system. The UK government has announced that the new CO2 trading scheme will make a significant contribution to achieving the goal of being CO2 neutral by 2050. British Prime Minister Boris Johnson also plans to reduce emissions by 78%. pollutant emissions by 2035 compared to 1990 levels. UK prices start at around £50 ($71) per tonne of CO2, slightly higher than European prices. Meanwhile, the average selling price in the world’s third largest market, California (USA) is about 20 USD/ton. Observers say the supply of CO2 credits is dwindling in the UK to meet the Government’s environmental targets. Therefore, CO2 prices in this market are expected to continue to rise. According to Tim Atkinson, director of sales and brokerage at CF Partners, CO2 trading is one of the cornerstones of climate change policy. He considers this the most important tool to cut emissions in the power sector and heavy industries. For example, the UK has largely phased out the use of coal, largely because CO2 quotas make it too expensive to produce electricity this way. Meanwhile, other tools such as subsidies have fueled the boom of wind farms in the country. The efforts come as the UK, host of the G7 summit this month, is urging the world’s richest nations to facilitate for the “green” global economic recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic. London will also host the United Nations climate summit (COP26) in Glasgow in November.

UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres. Photo: THX/VNA Human happiness and well-being can be greatly improved by prioritizing nature-based solutions – United Nations (UN) Secretary-General Antonio Guterres affirmed at the Fifth Session of the United Nations Conference. The United Nations Environment Council took place in February. This message was reiterated by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the occasion of this year’s International Day of Biodiversity, 22 May, that each of us plays an important role in protecting biodiversity and protecting nature by establish balance in the relationship between man and the Earth. Or to put it more simply, choosing a lifestyle in harmony with nature is the best way for people to develop sustainably and avoid the risk of new diseases, because humans are an important piece of the puzzle. natural change. This is also the theme of the International Day of Biodiversity May 22 this year: “We are part of the solution – For nature.” Biodiversity has long been a global issue. Currently, there are millions of plant and animal species that are in danger of extinction due to human impacts. According to the report of the United Nations Environment Program (UNEP), there are 5 main causes of biodiversity loss which are changes in land use demand; overexploitation of wild animals and plants; Climate Change; environmental pollution and invasive alien organisms. Meanwhile, the process of globalization is increasing the movement of species beyond the inherent natural range through tourism, trade, etc., disrupting native ecosystems and the environment. The year 2021 is considered an important milestone in the conservation of ecosystems on Earth, marking the 10th anniversary of the UN declaration of the period 2011-2020 as the “United Nations Decade on Biodiversity”. is the transition step for a new phase “Decade of Ecosystem Restoration” (period 2021-2030). 10 years ago, then UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon called on all humanity to protect biodiversity on Earth, emphasizing that sustainable human development depends heavily on diversity. this. At that time, the head of the United Nations emphasized that people can never get precious opportunities and miracles from nature, such as natural medicines to cure incurable diseases, when many ecosystems are permanently destroyed or the land becomes unusable. From this perspective to the health crisis related to COVID-19 that the world is grappling with, people are increasingly aware that biodiversity and ecosystems are tied to human survival and Protecting nature and ecosystems also means protecting our own lives. However, the UN warns that the rate at which biodiversity loss is occurring is unprecedented. In a new study published in the journal Frontiers in Forest and Global Change, scientists estimate that only 3% of the world’s land area (excluding Antarctica) is still ecologically intact, with healthy primitive animal populations and undisturbed habitats. One million species of plants and animals out of a total of 8 million species on Earth are on the verge of extinction. Some scientists think that the sixth mass extinction on Earth is beginning and will have serious consequences for food, clean water and air. The theme of this year’s International Day of Biodiversity is a continuation of the 2020 theme “Our solutions are available in nature”. This is seen as a reminder that biodiversity is still an important solution, an option for sustainable development. Therefore, from nature-based solutions to climate, health, food security, drinking water and sustainable livelihoods, biodiversity is the foundation on which people around the world can Build back better. According to the United Nations, the livelihoods of more than 3 billion people around the world depend on marine and coastal biodiversity, while 1.6 billion people make a living from forests. The conservation of species on Earth is no longer in the framework of “altruism” but plays an important role in ensuring human life. In fact, the COVID-19 pandemic forces people to rethink the protective role of biodiversity against infectious diseases. There is evidence that biodiversity loss can increase the number of cases of communicable diseases. infection from animals to humans. In fact, 70% of infectious diseases spreading in recent years originate in animals. Therefore, the more the “health” of the ecosystem declines, the more fragile the immune “wall” between humans and pathogens will be. Looking back on 10 years of implementation of the “United Nations Decade on Biodiversity”, the world has recognized encouraging human progress in the conservation and restoration of biodiversity. According to a report by the World Conservation Monitoring Center of UNEP and the World Union for the Conservation of Nature, 22.5 million square kilometers of land and ecosystems Inland waters along with 28.1 million square kilometers of coastline and oceans have been preserved in the past 10 years.Another encouraging result was also noted by the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF). 59 million hectares of forest have regenerated since 2000, enough to cover France.WWF emphasizes that protecting and restoring forests is a better climate change solution than planting trees because existing forests not only absorb more greenhouse gases but also protect wildlife and biodiversity. Ru Cha primary mangrove forest in Huong Phong commune, Huong Tra town, Thua Thien – Hue province (Vietnam) has an area of ​​about 5 hectares, has the function of preventing salinity, protecting aquatic resources and the mainland. Photo: Ho Cau/VNA Vietnam is one of the countries with the most important and diverse biodiversity in the world, both in terms of marine and terrestrial ecosystems (especially forest and mangrove ecosystems). To protect this “treasure” of nature, Vietnam officially ratified the Convention on Biological Diversity on October 17, 1994, and made great strides in the conservation of nature and biodiversity. As a result of this unremitting effort, a number of nature reserves in Vietnam have been recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) for their natural value, including three heritage sites. nature, 2 global geoparks, 9 bio-rights reserves and 2 wetlands located in two world bio-rights reserves. Vietnam also encourages the application of construction solutions to be effective and sustainable in terms of economy, society, and natural environment; promote the implementation of conservation and sustainable use models, apply the ecosystem approach in integrated management of coastal zones, river basins, sustainable forest management, focusing on the role and interests of communities. copper. However, Vietnam’s conservation efforts are currently facing many challenges, such as deforestation, illegal logging, over-exploitation, economic growth, and population pressures. . The COVID-19 that has raged for more than a year is a reminder of the close relationship between humans and nature, when humans themselves have been depleting resources faster than nature can regenerate. Therefore, only humans can make a change for nature, in other words, humans are the most important piece of the solution to protect biodiversity and nature on Earth.

Vietnam is valued as one of the world’s leading biodiversity countries In the face of a decline in biodiversity, the United Nations’ Biodiversity Commission (IPBES) has warned future pandemics will occur more often, kill more people and damage even worse. without a fundamental change in human behavior towards nature. Loss of biodiversity seriously affects people In fact, the use of natural resources for development activities has made ecosystems around the world degraded. Along with environmental pollution, biodiversity loss of ecological balance, climate change leads to serious health consequences, especially the recent epidemic situation, which profoundly affects the economy. global society. Thereby forcing people to recognize and raise their awareness of their actions with nature and with our own living environment. As we know biodiversity is important to humans, providing 18 basic services globally to sustain human activities and development. However, according to the assessment report on Biodiversity and Global Ecosystem Services of the Intergovernmental Forum on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES Report), the ratio of forest cover per globally, coral reef ecosystems have the highest decline in survival index and 25% of the species studied are threatened with extinction; Many species groups are assessed as highly threatened with extinction, in which the group with the highest percentage of species at risk of extinction are amphibians, mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Besides, 3/4 of the land area on Earth has been seriously degraded due to human activities. Human impacts include unsustainable exploitation of the environment through deforestation, agricultural expansion, wildlife trade and consumption. These activities put people in increasingly close contact with wild and domestic animals, as well as the diseases they harbor. Accordingly, up to 850,000 viruses like the new strain of corona virus, exist in animals and can infect humans. Habitat destruction and insatiable consumption have made zoonotic diseases more likely to spread to humans in the future. Science has also shown that loss of biodiversity can promote disease transmission from animals to humans – on the other hand, if we keep biodiversity intact, it provides excellent tools to fight pandemics. As with diseases caused by corona viruses, US scientists found that about 75% of the intermediate hosts of many disease-causing viruses are primates, bats and mice. In 2020, a study investigating SARS-CoV-2 infection from 16 ferret farms in the Netherlands, was presented at the ESCMID Conference on Coronavirus Related Diseases held online from 23-25. -9, indicating that the virus is capable of infecting humans and ferrets and vice versa. And in fact, in Vietnam, there are also emerging serious and zoonotic diseases with the potential to develop into a pandemic. In recent years, Vietnam has been affected by SARS, avian influenza type A (H5N1), influenza A (H5N6) and pandemic influenza A (H1N1)… Therefore, in recent years, ministries, branches and localities need to strengthen activities to control wildlife trade and exploit migratory wild species according to Directive No. 29/CT-TTg of the Prime Minister Government on some urgent solutions for wildlife management and related guiding and operating documents; manage and control invasive alien species; restore degraded ecosystems; protect the natural landscape and biodiversity. As such, “Human activities cause climate change and biodiversity loss, and lead to the risk of pandemics due to the impact on the environment. Changes in land use; agricultural expansion and intensification; Unsustainable trade, production and consumption have damaged nature and increased contact between wildlife, domestic animals, pathogens and humans. This is the path to the pandemic.” According to Dr. Peter Daszak, President of the EcoHealth Alliance emphasized. Join hands to conserve biodiversity Pano propaganda on International Day of Biodiversity May 22 22 Currently, in Vietnam, the Government, the Prime Minister and all ministries and branches are interested in sustainable development, green economy, harmony, and nature. That is one of the factors that ensure 50% success in our journey to save biodiversity in Vietnam. And Vietnamese people have also realized their great responsibility in nature conservation, reducing the demand for wildlife consumption, and environmentally responsible consumption. This is a very favorable factor, the opportunity for Vietnam to not be lost on the world biodiversity map. The theme of the International Day of Biodiversity 2021 is “We’re part of the solution – For Nature”, selected and launched by the United Nations on a global scale. With the aim of raising public awareness of biodiversity, science has proven that biodiversity is the foundation of economy, food security, livelihoods and human health. join hands of the whole society to preserve nature and biodiversity – that is to protect our own life on earth. In response to the International Day of Biodiversity, in 2021, recently, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment has sent a written request to the central ministries, departments, branches and mass organizations; People’s Committees of provinces and centrally run cities; socio-political organizations, mass organizations; Associations, corporations, enterprises and related units are interested in, directing, guiding and coordinating in organizing response activities. According to Mr. Le Cong Thanh – Deputy Minister of Natural Resources and Environment, “Vietnam is also protecting and conserving biodiversity with many policies and measures such as environmental impact assessment, integration of Objectives require the protection and conservation of nature and biodiversity in the planning strategies, socio-economic development programs from the central to local levels. Zoning and establishing conservation areas for endangered species with genetic resources of plant varieties, domestic animals and wild species, restoring forest ecology, coral reef ecosystems, sea palm trees. Planting green and greening bare land and bare hills. Then plant trees in urban areas, industrial parks, traffic routes and have very encouraging results.” Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic around the world, the International Day of Biodiversity 2021 will be celebrated through an online campaign. And the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment proposed to implement synchronously strategies, projects, tasks and solutions on research and application of nature-based solutions, approaching ecosystems in the process of building formulation of national, regional and provincial plannings; establishment and effective management of nature reserves; promote the implementation of conservation and sustainable use models; apply the ecosystem approach in integrated management of coastal zones, river basins, sustainable forest management, focusing on the role and interests of the community. As we all know, Minister of Natural Resources and Environment Tran Hong Ha once said that: “Biodiversity conservation is an ethical issue”. That further shows that the relationship between humans and the natural environment is not only the morality between people but also our own responsibility and morality with nature. Making each of us need to better understand our responsibilities when life needs a clean environment to live, needs clean food to eat but destroys nature by human hands. Therefore, once again, it is necessary to recognize and be more aware of how to respect and harmonize people with “mother nature” – only then all pandemics and natural disasters will limit the occurrence of people in the future. . Le Cong Thanh – Deputy Minister of Natural Resources and Environment in response to the International Day of Biodiversity: “Nature conservation, biodiversity conservation is the responsibility of each of us, practical actions are to plant more trees, say no to consuming wild animals, and actively protect rare and precious animals and plants. It is practical concrete action, small action, great meaning. Each person takes an action to spread and join hands to protect the environment. Protect life on our planet” “The health of people and ecosystems is increasingly connected. As humans encroach on nature and deplete vital habitats, the risks associated with disease are also increasing. Loss of biodiversity poses a threat to all aspects of life, including human health. In the context of the Covid-19 pandemic still raging, let’s each contribute to protecting biodiversity to prevent future pandemics. Mr. António Guterres, Secretary General of the United Nations

Cows and other ruminants use microbes in their stomachs to break down tough fibers that cannot be digested by humans. Artwork: AFP. Accordingly, one of the largest dairy producers in the world, the Fonterra Cooperative Group, is using a cocktail branded “Kowbucha”, a well-known kombucha fermented drink, to see if it can reduce the anesthetic gas. -tane produced from 4.9 million New Zealand cows. Unlike most developed economies, New Zealand is heavily dependent on agriculture, especially cows and sheep. So while other countries focus on cutting carbon dioxide, New Zealand has a much bigger problem with gases produced in animal stomachs. “The ferment produced can have quite a large impact on digestion, not just in humans, but also in animals,” said Jeremy Hill, a scientific researcher at the Fonterra Cooperative Group. Kowbucha is one of the company’s options, and the company is also looking at other options including seaweed. The technology is still in the early stages of research and, like other potential solutions to treat methane emissions from cows, questions about how to implement it are and whether the farmer will have enough. affordability or not. But what matters for New Zealand is whether it reaches zero net emissions. Methane, made up of carbon and hydrogen, is 56 times more effective than the effects of CO2 to heat the Earth when measured over 20 years. The United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change estimates that global methane levels need to be reduced by 40-45% by 2030 to be able to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius. . What’s more, because methane has been in the atmosphere for only a decade, reducing it can yield a relatively quick victory over CO2, which has been around for centuries. The Global Methane Assessment, to be released next week, shows that curbing man-made methane emissions at 45% by 2030 will drop by almost 0.3 degrees Celsius. global warming in the 2040s, preventing more than a quarter of a million premature deaths. But the scientific approach to reducing the emissions from cow digestion is much more difficult than to limit other methane emissions, such as oil and gas field outbreaks or leaks from fields. bury. Cows and other ruminants use microbes in their stomachs to break down tough fibers that cannot be digested by humans. Therefore, suppressing the methane they generate requires adjusting the biology and physiology of the animal. Like the Kowbucha solution, Fonterra is working on using red seaweed to suppress bacteria. The company partnered with the Dutch Royal DSM NV Nutrition Company to accelerate the rollout of Bovaer, a synthetic feed supplement that has been shown to reduce methane emissions by about 30%. The company, which has an annual $ 72 million research budget, has also researched the development of “climate-smart” cows whose stomachs release less methane, as well as research to develop vaccines. But producing climate-friendly cows takes years and vaccine development is “very, very difficult,” Hill said. Seaweeds, which have attracted a lot of attention in recent years, are difficult to eat in grassland animals, species that do not like the taste and may have safety problems with substances such as bromoform, A toxic chemical found in small amounts in ocean plants. Dairy companies are under increasing consumer pressure to reduce livestock carbon emissions, according to Dan Blaustein-Rejto, director of agriculture and food at Breakthrough Institute, an environmental research organization. Creating more climate-friendly products could allow them to gain an edge and could help fight competition from a growing number of alternatives, such as oatmilk, sandwiches. Vegan meats and other plant-based alternatives. If successful, the New Zealand efforts could serve as a test case for the global livestock industry, especially countries like Ireland and Brazil that rely on ruminants for a share of export revenue. . But the Climate Change Commission says technologies under development cannot be considered to meet the interim goal. Harry Clark, commissioner of the Climate Change Commission, said: “The silver bullet (referring to the easy, quick-PV solution) for dairy technology has only been taken into account for the past 12 years. It hasn’t worked yet. “

Earth Day is launched by the United Nations, held on April 22 every year, to encourage movements to protect the environment around the world to prevent more frequent disasters. climate change and environmental destruction. April 22 this year will be the 51st Earth Day in the world. Since 1970 until now, the Foundation for Earth (Earthday.org) has been working with more than 75,000 partners in more than 190 countries to promote active action to protect planet Earth. In response to Earth Day 2021, from April 20 to 22, the Foundation for the Earth calls on the world to take action with world leaders to prevent the upcoming catastrophes of gas change. posterity and environmental destruction; together restore the Earth. “Restoring our Earth” is also the theme of Earth Day 2021 in the context of the world facing the Covid 19 pandemic and towards restoring normal life, economic recovery and restoration. Earth. Our Earth Restoration theme focuses on the emerging green technologies and natural processes that can restore the world’s ecosystems. In this way, the subject rejects the notion that mitigation or adaptation is the only way to address climate change. Rubbish at Lake Uru Uru, in Oruro, Bolivia, March 30, 2021. EPA photo. The global summit on climate was initiated by US President Biden On Earth Day this year, it is very special that the “Leaders Summit on Climate Change” will take place on April 22 and 23 and chaired by US President Joe Biden. This is one of the outstanding activities of the events celebrating Earth Day this year. The summit on climate is held in an online format with the participation of leaders from countries with major economies in the world. This summit also marks the 5-year anniversary of the signing of the Paris Agreement on climate change (December 12, 2015). On April 21, in a statement, a spokesman for China’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs said that Chinese President Xi Jinping will attend the summit on climate change organized by the US via online form. and there will be an important speech. President Biden has invited 40 world leaders including those who care about the environment along with leaders from the countries rated as the most polluting, such as China and India. This will be an opportunity for the new US president to commit his intention to fight climate change through a clean energy revolution for businesses and job creation for the people. The event will be streamed live for the public to follow. Many events are held for Earth Day Official poster of Earth Day 2021. Source: earthday.org. There will be hundreds of events held around the world during the largest event on the planet. The Organization for the Earth alone will organize “Three Days of Climate Change”, a three-day conference with many seminars and presentations. The event started on April 20 with the Global Youth Summit hosted by Earth Uprising. This global youth summit includes seminars, speeches, discussions and messages with the participation of prominent climate activists such as Greta Thunberg, Alexandria Villasenõr and Licypriya Kangujam. On the evening of April 20, the Hip Hop Caucus organization and its partners organized an online summit “We Shall Breathe”. This digital event will look at climate and environmental justice and equity, the links of the climate crisis to pollution, poverty, and racism. and pandemic. On April 21, the Multilingual Online Summit that spanned various time zones with the participation of prominent activists from the continents, focused on the important role of climate change educators and why we need climate change education right now. The conference is hosted by Education International (Education International) with the theme Education for the Earth. In parallel with the aforementioned global climate summit, the For the Earth Organization will hold seminars, special discussion groups to focus on the topic “Restoring Our Earth”, in That will cover natural processes, green technologies and innovative thinking that can restore the world’s ecosystems. Selected topics include: Understanding of climate and environment; Climate recovery technology; Efforts to reforest forests; Regenerative agriculture; Equity and justice for the environment; Science and civic education about the Earth and the environment; Clean up the world and more. Create beautiful pictures from the many pieces of the Earth NASA’s #ConnectedByEarth program will connect participants around the world. Photo: NASA. To celebrate Earth Day 2021, the US Aerospace Agency (NASA) will host an online Earth Day event from April 21 to 24, focusing on a more sustainable way of life on the home planet. Explore our relationships between Atmosphere, water cycle, forests, fields, cities, ice caps and Earth’s climate. The program #ConnectedByEarth will feature live presentations by NASA scientists, conversations with astronauts and space scientists, videos, interactive science content, an kid-friendly play area, a scavenger hunt, hundreds of downloadable resources and more. Additionally, on Earth Day and throughout this week, each individual can celebrate with people all over the planet by posting an image on social media of the part of Earth connecting you with planet and tag this image with #ConnectedByEarth. Through #ConnectedByEarth, NASA says, aggregated images of various regions, humans and other creatures shared by people create a beautiful picture of the many pieces of the puzzle that are connected to each other in our world.

Aviation and shipping are likely to be included in the new UK target. (Image: Getty Images) In the near future, Prime Minister Boris Johnson will announce a commitment to reduce emissions by 78% by 2035. The new UK target will be announced before the summit on climate. Here, President Joe Biden will outline a new national carbon reduction goal of the US. The UK’s new goal is seen as a step up from the previous goal of reducing emissions by 68% by 2030, which is already one of the most ambitious plans among the developed economies. To achieve this goal, the UK will have to make changes to most industrial activities, including: carbon-free electrical systems, reducing meat and dairy consumption across the country, introducing low carbon heating in the home and more forest. The UK is one of the first major countries to make a commitment to zero emissions by 2050. The United States is expected to adopt a similar goal under the Biden administration. Emissions from international aviation and shipping are likely to be included in the new UK target. As the COP26 host in Glasgow in November, the UK tried to persuade other countries to adopt more ambitious climate targets ahead of the meeting. However, the pandemic hindered the efforts of the economic CO P26 which was delayed for a year because of Covid-19. He is coming up with contingency plans that include a virtual summit, delaying the event, or a mixed model with only a small number of attendees. Summit Chairman Alok Sharma said: “We are actively working, of course taking into account any unusual cases related to Covid-19. I have no desire for procrastination any more. Prime Minister Johnson gave priority to green policies, enacted a ban from 2030 on the sale of new gasoline cars and major new targets for offshore wind production.

President Joe Biden. Photo: AP Along with the participation of the US, the leaders of the countries have promoted a new commitment to reduce harmful fossil fuel pollution on the first day of the summit organized by the US. However, observers hope video conferencing between senior leaders of countries will look towards new action to deal with climate pollution and as money for the UN meeting in November in Glasgow. . The world will face “dangerous moments” but also “opportunities”, President Biden declared during the online summit to have the participation of 40 world leaders. “The signals are unmistakable. The science is undeniable. The cost of delay continues to rise,” said President Biden. Before the summit, the pledge of President Biden once spoke out to cut 52% of US fossil fuel emissions by 2030. This comes 4 years after the US withdraws from the climate change agreement. The Biden administration this week is outlining a new vision for a prosperous, clean energy America. At that time, factories will focus on the production of advanced batteries and electric cars. At the conference, Japan announced its goal of cutting emissions by 46% and South Korea said it would stop giving public funding to new coal-fired power plants. This is considered an important turning point to persuade China and other countries to limit dependence on coal fuel. Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau said he would increase fossil fuel pollution cuts from 30% to at least 40%. In a report by insurance firm Swiss Re (Switzerland), climate change could cause up to $ 23,000 billion in damage to the agriculture, health and physical infrastructure sectors, as well as to government spending direction. Joining hands to deal with climate change The complicated developments of the epidemic make the climate change summit to be held in an online format. However, the participation of the leaders of the countries shows the joint efforts to deal with the climate change challenges taking place around the world. Chinese President Xi Jinping expressed his determination to cooperate with the US in promoting efforts to cut emissions. “Protecting the environment is about protecting productivity. Promoting a healthy environment is about promoting labor productivity”, President Xi Jinping emphasized. Russian President Vladimir Putin also offers opinions and pushes on efforts to cope with climate change. “Russia is really interested in increasing international cooperation in search of effective solutions to climate change and all other important challenges. Russia is currently the fourth country in number. Large fossil fuel smoke emissions are harmful to the climate. Observers say that efforts to cope with climate change are the driving force for leaders of all countries to push disputes and tensions aside for a good and healthy world. Fossil fuel emissions on earth increase rapidly, according to analysts. The Biden administration’s commitment will require a major effort to address current climate change issues. German Chancellor Angela Merkel is one of several allies that support a return to the United States in response to current climate change. “I am delighted to see that the United States has returned to working with us in climate politics. Because of America’s involvement and we need you to join hands in accomplishing our great goal,” Chancellor Merkel spoke out in her speech at the online summit. Pope Pop Francis is also strong: “I wish you [nước Mỹ] succeed in this great decision to meet, step forward and accompany all the way “. According to scientists, the alarming level of climate change comes from operations at coal plants, car engines and other fossil fuel use. These are reasons that exacerbate the risk of droughts, floods, storms, wildfires and other natural disasters. Leaders of small states and island nations also voiced the serious challenge of rising sea levels and increasing natural disasters. The countries are also calling for international assistance to cut emissions from world powers.

Chinese fleets are lined up at the Ba Dau Rock area in the South China Sea. Photo: CNN

Two weeks later, more than 40 Chinese ships remained in the Ba Dau Stone and the statements became more concise. The Philippine Foreign Ministry on April 12 warned China that Manila would issue daily protest diplomatic notes as long as the mainland’s “marine militia” remained in the area. The Philippines authorities have used a phrase similar to the US way of describing the Chinese fleet.

Bloomberg quoted Carl Schuster, former director of missions at the US Pacific Command’s Joint Intelligence Center as commenting: “If your goal is to capture an ocean and atoll, without fighting, this is an excellent dishonesty tactic. Only professional seafarers knew it was a lie. No one allowed their ships to ‘shelter’ in the hurricane zone several weeks before a storm. If they were really commercial ships, it would cost hundreds, if not thousands, of dollars a day to lay these ships idle side by side.

Analysts Andreo Calonzo and Philip Heijmans said Beijing appears to be probing whether the new US President Joe Biden will take any action after pledging to shake hands with allies in the region to prevent Chinese assertiveness or not. Philippine Foreign Minister Teodoro Locsin blamed the Obama administration for failing to stop Beijing in a similar incident in 2012 at Scarborough Shoal.

“This is a test of what the Biden administration is willing to do. The way the US responds will determine the next challenge. For now, everything we (the US) have done is more eloquent than substantive, ”said Schuster, currently professor in military science and diplomacy at the University of Hawaii Pacific. emphasize.

Complex decisions

Last month, the US vowed to stand with the Philippines while accusing China of using “maritime militias to intimidate, provoke and intimidate other countries”. When asked about relations with China at a news conference the same month, President Biden revealed that his administration “would hold China accountable for obeying the rules” in the South China Sea and elsewhere.

Another big problem is how to correct the response. China’s use of commercial fishing vessels resembles a “gray zone” tactic, allowing Beijing to deny that anything is wrong. Sending an aircraft carrier or other warships near the reef risks becoming an overreact, making the United States seem like the aggressor.

On the contrary, doing nothing can give the impression of weakness. Over the past few years, the United States has increased its challenge of China’s sovereignty over the waters, increasing the frequency of free navigation operations around disputed territories. The Biden administration also reaffirmed that the US-Philippines defense treaty covers every attack in the South China Sea, which was made clear under former President Donald Trump after decades of ambiguity.

Another major problem for Mr. Biden is Philippine leader Rodrigo Duterte, who has weakened the alliance while praising closer ties with Beijing.

According to Rommel Ong, a retired Philippine Navy admiral and now professor at the Ateneo de Manila University School of Management, under President Duterte there will be only very limited options for the Navy. Manila’s response is believed to be limited to sending objectionable diplomatic notes and anti-China statements via social media.

The Philippines’ statement on April 12 used some of the strongest words, including a 2016 international arbitral tribunal ruling. The statement also condemns the Chinese Embassy for criticizing the minister. Defense Delfin Lorenzana, who last weekend said the weather was fine and boats had no reason to stay in the Ba Dau Rock area.

Warning

Duterte’s government responded to China’s April 3 statement with a statement that it hopes Filipino officials will “avoid any unprofessional remarks that may add to irrational feelings”. . On April 13, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Zhao Lap Kien accused the Philippines of violating the United Nations Charter, the Law of the Sea and international law by invoking the 2016 ruling of the United Nations court. But Beijing insisted on rejecting.

Mr. Trieu warned the Philippines should see the situation “objectively and properly, stop exaggerating the problem to avoid any negative effects on the bilateral relationship between the two countries, stability and peace in the country. East Sea”. The Beijing representative also denied that the Chinese ships illegally present in the Ba Dau Rock belonged to the maritime militia.

President Duterte broke his weeks-long silence with an April 13 statement, insisting the dispute would be resolved through “peaceful measures” and would not “shape the relationship. Bilateral”.

“It will not be an obstacle to the positive overall development trajectory of our bilateral friendship,” the Philippine government leader said in the statement, citing increasingly deep cooperation. vaccine against Covid-19 and “economic recovery from the pandemic” between the two sides.

Reputation is compromised

Vaccine access has become a major concern for Mr. Duterte. Manila was shut down again last week as the Philippines faces its worst outbreak and is expecting much of the vaccine supply from Chinese pharmaceutical company Sinovac.

The Philippine President attended a March 29 celebration in which Chinese Ambassador Huang Zilian said the vaccine was a testament to the “closer cooperation in the new era” between the two countries.

Shahriman Lockman, a senior analyst at the Institute for Strategic and International Studies in Malaysia, said that this time, Washington was “not so naive” after a failed attempt in 2012 to reach a withdrawal agreement. retreating from Scarborough Shoal “did great damage to American prestige in Southeast Asia”. According to Mr. Lockman, the Biden administration is wary of the danger of sinking into this scenario and not knowing if they will eventually be blamed for escalating the situation, which is quite possible while the Philippines capable of reacting only in a perfunctory way.

Lt. Gen. Nguyen Thanh Son, Director of External Relations Department, Ministry of Public Security, Chief of the Standing Office of the Human Rights Steering Committee spoke at the Conference.

Opening remarks at the Workshop “United Nations Human Rights Mechanisms (UN): The direction of cooperation for Vietnam”, Lt. Gen. Nguyen Thanh Son, Chief of the Standing Office of the Human Rights Steering Committee said, in the context of Globalization and the current trend of international integration, many problems have transcended national borders, including human rights issues. In order to participate in regional and international cooperation links, countries must abide by the general rules of the game that are international principles and standards. In the field of human rights, these are the international legal principles and standards recognized in the Human Rights Code and other international legal documents.

The promotion and protection of human rights is primarily done by national law but it is also governed by international law that states are obliged to comply with as subjects of law and as subjects of law. member of international treaties. On the basis of international human rights law, a system of UN human rights institutions and mechanisms has been established to promote international cooperation, and to assist and supervise countries in the enforcement of prices. international human rights principles, principles and standards.

“Shop thoroughly the Party and State’s policies on proactive international integration in all fields, and strengthening cooperation with agencies., the UN human rights mechanism not only helps us to take advantage of opportunities for cooperation and external resources, exploit the positive aspects of the UN human rights system, but also help us grasp and proactively prevent and limit negative aspects, fight with activities that take advantage of the UN human rights mechanisms to sabotage our Party and State; strengthening capacity to protect national interests in the international arena “ – Lieutenant General Nguyen Thanh Son emphasized.

Workshop overview.

The workshop aims to provide information on key human rights institutions and mechanisms of the United Nations; Increase awareness of the significance and importance of cooperating with these mechanisms in current foreign affairs. From there, equipping delegates with basic solutions to improve the effectiveness of foreign affairs in the field of human rights, and at the same time have the basis to study and propose working directions to fight with activities. taking advantage of UN human rights agencies and mechanisms against Vietnam.

Speaker Dr. Le Xuan Tung, Human Rights Institute (Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics) presented the seminar.

Taking place in 1 day, the participants of the Workshop heard reporters from the Department of International Organizations (Ministry of Foreign Affairs); Institute of Human Rights (Ho Chi Minh National Academy of Politics), Department of International Law (Ministry of Justice); The Legal Department (Ministry of Public Security) presents the following topics: An overview of UN human rights mechanisms and Vietnam’s participation; The role of the Office of the UN Human Rights Commissioner in promoting and protecting human rights; The role and activities of the Commission on Human Rights in promoting the realization of the objective of the Convention on Civil and Political Rights; Outline of the Convention Against Torture and the Obligations of Member States …

Major General Nguyen Van Ky, Deputy Chief of the Office of the Secretariat of the Government Steering Committee on Human Rights gave a presentation on “Policy of the Party and State on international integration in the field of human rights” and updated the goals. , orientations, specific solutions and principles of integration as well as Vietnam’s international integration in the field of human rights.

Thereby affirming that Vietnam complies with international commitments to which Vietnam participates in parallel with proactively and actively participating in building and making effective use of international rules and regulations and participating in activities of regional and international communities. Besides, Vietnam also proactively proposed initiatives and cooperation mechanism on the principle of mutual benefit; strengthen and enhance the role in the regional and international community, actively contribute to the fight for peace, national independence, democracy and social progress in the world.

Major General Nguyen Van Ky, Deputy Chief of Office of the Office of the Government Steering Committee on Human Rights, spoke at the Workshop.

Closing the Workshop, Major General Nguyen Van Ky, Deputy Chief of the Office of the Office of the Government Steering Committee on Human Rights highly appreciated the quality of the speakers’ topics as well as the discussion and interaction between delegates.

On the basis of awareness of difficulties and challenges posed to Vietnam on the path of international integration, especially in the field of human rights protection and promotion in the context of globalization, delegates participated. The workshop agreed on a number of directions in developing and implementing solutions to cooperate with UN human rights mechanisms in the coming time:

Firstly, showing a responsible attitude, actively cooperating and in dialogue with UN human rights agencies and mechanisms, actively participating in the operation of UN human rights mechanisms contributes to shaping principles. and international human rights standards.

The second is to strengthen external propaganda on Vietnam’s implementation of its international human rights obligations and obligations and Vietnam’s active and proactive action in cooperation with international human rights agencies and organizations.

Third, effective fight against activities that take advantage of international human rights mechanisms against Vietnam.

Fourth, the implementation and effective implementation of the obligations of a member state to international human rights conventions and commitments; proactively improve human rights capacity for officials and people; continuing to ensure the effectiveness and efficiency in law enforcement and application; Overcoming limited vulnerabilities affecting human rights to limit exploitation activities through the UN human rights mechanisms against us.

The fifth is to promote theoretical research on human rights, enhance the dissemination and education of our Party’s views on human rights issues, and contribute to building the socialist ideological foundation on human rights.