Their venom is made up of a mixture called peptide conus. Each of them will have a unique venom formula. More than 50,000 conus peptides have been discovered, they are all neurotoxins and no vertebrate species on our planet possesses this form of venom. Marbled Cone snail possesses an extremely splendid appearance but is considered the most venomous snail species on the planet. They are purely carnivores and predators, feeding mainly on sea worms, small fish, mollusks and even other cone snails. It can release venom at any time in its life, and this species is always ready to wipe out all living things around it. A cone snail, like most snails, moves slowly. However, its attack is extremely quick and powerful. They use a sophisticated detection system to find their prey. Snails eat fish, sea worms or other snails if food sources are scarce. Their secret to hunting doesn’t lie in movement speed, instead they hunt using venom and develop an extremely efficient venom system. Because of their slow movement speed, cone snails often hunt by “holding a tree waiting for a rabbit”, which will lie in the sand at the bottom of the water, only revealing its long tubular mouth and tentacles in the sand. Once it detects prey such as a small fish or something passing by, it will use strong muscle contractions to shoot the tongue connected with the venom gland from its long tubular mouth at lightning speed and “close the gap”. nail” into the body, injecting poison into the prey. This venom will paralyze prey within seconds and die instantly. To prevent their prey from struggling, some species of snails have created a toxin that can reduce pain and anesthetize the prey’s nerves, making the prey feel no pain and slowly die without even realizing it. know. When the prey is fixed and no longer struggling, the conch will withdraw the “hook” (toothed tongue), pulling the paralyzed prey into the mouth. One study estimated that this species alone caused 36 deaths. Divers are afraid to face the Marbled Cone snail. They are very beautiful, just like other normal snail shells, but when hit, they are very fast and even with diving gloves, the snail’s proboscis can still penetrate. A few microliters of the toxin in a snail’s saliva is strong enough to kill at least 10 people. Once the poison enters your system, you may not feel symptoms for several minutes or days. Although the bite is not painful, you may feel numbness or tingling. However, then your whole body may shake, your eyes will go blurry, and your breathing may stop after just a few hours. However, the function of this extremely toxic substance is only for self-defense and to catch prey, but they never actively attack humans. Up to now, about 30 people have died from accidental contact with the marbled cone’s spit. The life of the snail shell collector will end when the sharp hook of this snail pierces the person. The most powerful poison called neurotoxin will temporarily paralyze your nerves. After that, the respiratory organs will close, making it difficult for you to breathe and this can be the worst part. Symptoms of a snail sting include local pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, and vomiting. Symptoms may appear immediately or slowly over several days. In severe cases, muscle paralysis, vision changes and respiratory failure can lead to death. The various neurotoxins contained in cone snails are called cono toxins. In addition to being toxic to humans, in this venom mixture there are many beneficial substances, which can work accurately and quickly on the human nervous system without causing side effects. Therefore, this snail can also open up a new medical future for humans. For example, cono peptides have the potential to prevent spasticity caused by spinal cord injury and may help diagnose and treat small cell lung cancer. Conotoxins can immediately generate nerve signals that reduce heart rate or turn off pain receptors. Ziconotide isolated from it is used as an analgesic. It is said to be 1000 times more effective than morphine and not addictive. Conotoxin ACV1, isolated from Victoria cone cone in Australia, is more effective than morphine and Ziconotide, has a longer analgesic effect and is convenient to use without side effects. It has been shown to be very effective in the treatment of post-operative and neurological conditions, and even accelerates the recovery of nerve damage, and is expected to be developed as a treatment for anxiety. , Parkinson’s disease, muscle tension and hypertension.

This species is extremely toxic, it prefers to hide in coral reefs, rocks and sandy seabeds from intertidal to intertidal zones in southeastern China and tropical seas. Their bodies contain more than 200 pharmacologically active substances and a single drop of venom can kill 20 adults. To date there have been at least 100 recorded deaths from the venom of this species and the actual number could be much higher. The creature we are talking about here is the Cone Snail, also known as the cone snail, is a marine gastropod mollusk, so far more than 70 species have been found along the coast. along the coast of China and there are more than 1,000 species discovered in the world. Their venom is made up of a mixture called peptide conus. Each of them will have a unique venom formula. More than 50,000 conus peptides have been discovered, they are all neurotoxins and no vertebrate species on our planet possesses this form of venom. The Cone Snail has a mostly cone-shaped appearance and the largest can be 23 cm long. They are purely carnivores and predators, feeding mainly on sea worms, small fish, mollusks and even other cone snails. It can release venom at any time in its life, and this species is always ready to wipe out all living things around it. But surely you will find it difficult to understand because in our impression, snails are very slow-moving mollusks, how can they hunt, especially fast-moving species like fish? In fact, the secret to their hunting is not in their movement speed, instead they hunt by using their venom and developing an extremely efficient venom system. All cone snails are masters of poisons, likened to the five poisons in the animal kingdom. They have a tongue pocket in their throat, which contains many hollow toothed tongues, which resemble spearheads and are made of hard chitin. Because of their slow movement speed, cone snails often hunt by “holding a tree and waiting for rabbits”, which will lie in the sand at the bottom of the water, only revealing their long tubular mouth and tentacles in the sand. Once it detects prey such as a small fish or something passing by, it will use strong muscle contractions to shoot the tongue connected with the venom gland from its long tubular mouth at lightning speed and “close the gap”. nail” into the body, injecting poison into the prey. This venom will paralyze prey within seconds and die instantly. To prevent their prey from struggling, some species of snails have created a toxin that can reduce pain and anesthetize the prey’s nerves, making the prey feel no pain and slowly die without even realizing it. know. When the prey is fixed and no longer struggling, the conch will withdraw the “hook” (toothed tongue), pulling the paralyzed prey into the mouth. It’s worth noting that even when it’s not during mealtimes, if it feels threatened, the conch shells will shoot out without hesitation. So if you see brightly colored and beautiful cones on the beach, don’t stress. It came out by accident. Pick it up, especially the larger cone snails. This behavior can kill you because the conch’s nose can pierce the skin, gloves or wetsuit. Especially among cone snails, there is a species called Gastridium geographus, also known as geographical cone snail, killer snail, they are known as one of the most poisonous snails in the world, and one of the most dangerous snails in the world. marine animals that are extremely toxic to humans. One study estimated that this species alone caused 36 deaths. Symptoms of a snail sting include local pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, and vomiting. Symptoms may appear immediately or slowly over several days. In severe cases, muscle paralysis, vision changes and respiratory failure can lead to death. The various neurotoxins contained in cone snails are called cono toxins. In addition to being toxic to humans, in this venom mixture there are many beneficial substances, which can work accurately and quickly on the human nervous system without causing side effects. Therefore, this snail can also open up a new medical future for humans. For example, cono peptides have the potential to prevent spasticity caused by spinal cord injury and may help diagnose and treat small cell lung cancer. Conotoxins can immediately generate nerve signals that reduce heart rate or turn off pain receptors. Ziconotide isolated from it is used as an analgesic. It is said to be 1000 times more effective than morphine and not addictive. Conotoxin ACV1, isolated from Victoria cone cone in Australia, is more effective than morphine and Ziconotide, has a longer analgesic effect and is convenient to use without side effects. It has been shown to be very effective in the treatment of post-operative and neurological conditions, and even accelerates the recovery of nerve damage, and is expected to be developed as a treatment for anxiety. , Parkinson’s disease, muscle tension and hypertension.

As a country with a tropical climate, Vietnam has many different types of snakes, many of which are poisonous. The way of identification is mainly based on external characteristics such as color, head and body shape, tooth structure. Here are some common types of venomous snakes in Vietnam: first. horned viper, Scientific name is Trimeresurus cornutus found in Vietnam. Their head has a triangular shape that distinguishes it from the neck, the top of the head is covered with small scales, the scales on the eyes develop into horns, so it is known as the “devil snake”, the body size is about 50cm. The venom of the horned viper is classified as one of the most venomous snakes in Vietnam. Horned viper 2. Red-tailed viper , the scientific name is Trimeresurus albolabris, this is an extremely poisonous snake among vipers, with a green body and a reddish-brown tail. Living mainly in the high mountains and deep forests of the Truong Son range, the mountains of the northwest region of Vietnam, Can Tho now also has but very few. 3. Von-gen’s viper or Southern viper, the scientific name is Viridovipera vogeli is a species of snake in the viper family. The top of the head and body of this species is green, the belly is lighter. Regarded as one of the most cunning, skilled and cold-blooded night hunters of all snakes, with a single strong bite, prey will pay with its life. This snake lives in Gia Lai, Dong Nai, Lam Dong in Vietnam. 4. Silver-headed viper Azemiops feae, is a species of viper in the genus Azemiops in the monotypic subfamily Azemiopinae. Considered one of the most primitive vipers, the silver-headed viper is a medium-sized, slightly flattened head that distinguishes it from the neck, about 80cm long. In Vietnam, silver-headed vipers are distributed in Cao Bang, Vinh Phuc, Phu Tho, and Lang Son. 5. Indigo snake Also known as dry wood snake, scientific name is Trimeresurus mucrosquamatus. The reason they have such a name is because their skin color is mixed with dry leaves, and dry plants are extremely difficult to detect. Common in the vast rubber forests of the Southeast, the danger of this snake, according to Professor Nguyen Lan Dung, is second only to sea snakes. 6. Chongqing Viper , the scientific name is Protobothrops trungkhanhensis, is a species of snake endemic to Trung Khanh, Cao Bang, Vietnam. Chongqing viper is about 70cm long, the color of the back and head of the male and female are similar, light gray brown. Hiding in the bushes, if you are not careful to tease them, you may die in a short time. 7. Grand cobra The scientific name is Ophiophagus hannah. Although not actively attacking humans, it is still considered a dangerous and scary species within their range. Not only has the ability to release venom, this snake also has the ability to control the amount of poison when biting its prey. The venom of the cobra has a toxic effect that paralyzes the nervous system, causing the bitten person to fall into a coma and die. 8. Ground cobra Also known as the one-eyed cobra or the obese tiger, the scientific name is Naja kaouthia. When stimulated, the snake’s neck expands very scary. Just a small amount of this snake’s venom can cause the prey to die suddenly. 9. Scallop snakes , scientifically known as Bungarus fasciatus, inhabits a variety of habitats, from forests to agricultural lands. is a relatively large venomous snake, usually over 1m long, characterized by very clear and prominent yellow-black patches. The venom of the scorpion is not inferior to that of a cobra. ten. krait snake , has the distinguishing feature of a slender head, round pupils, and a distinct color space like a scorpion, but their color is black and gray-white. Living in grasslands and dense forests, scorpions are the horror of humans when they encounter them. 11. Cat snake The Siamese cobra, scientifically known as Naja siamensis, is a subspecies of the venomous cobra. Temperament changes depending on the time of day, being shy and gentle in the morning, fierce and cruel at night. The cobra’s venom makes it an animal killer with a necrotic, cell-killing, potentially lethal effect that makes a healthy, adult human.

Alexander White, 44, living in Sydney, Australia bought a pack of lettuce at a local Aldi store. After bringing everything home, Mr. White discovered that the salad bag was moving and he thought it was a big worm. However, after examining it, he found it to be a snake again. Shortly thereafter, the couple called Wires wildlife rescue organization. Alexander White was shocked to discover the snake in the salad. Photo: JAM PRESS “I told my wife that there was a snake inside the lettuce package, but she didn’t believe it until she saw it with her own eyes” – Mr. White said. Mr. White did not understand when the snake lay there but felt lucky that he carried that salad bag around the supermarket for hours without being bitten by the snake. “Fortunately, my children were not at home at that time because often I still ask them to help prepare things after going shopping. If so, I don’t want to think what could have happened” – he White said. After the Wires arrived, they put the snake in a box and carried it away. They say it is a pale-headed snake, a very highly venomous snake. “He said that if the snake bit someone, they will have to quickly go to the hospital” – Mr. White added. After the handler took the snake away, Mr. White still used the above lettuce for the family lunch. “I washed it very carefully” – Mr. White told the newspaper The Guardian.

Turantula spider The turantula spider is one of the most terrifying animals on the planet, not only the giant spider, but also a predator so stealthily and so skillful that no tiny animal is hovering in its sights. chance of survival. Turantula’s hunting trick is patience. They waited for the unfortunate passerby and grabbed it without warning. Because of their size, which can be up to 12cm long with a stride of more than 70cm, Turantulas can quickly crush prey and crush them under giant pincers. Eventually they bathed the victim’s body in digestive juices and sipped this “delicious” liquid. 9. Mamba Snake Africa’s scariest animal must be the black Mamba, this giant poisonous snake that is present throughout the Southeast of the continent. Its name comes from the black skin inside the mouth, which is only exposed before it attacks. These snakes are usually passive but can be extremely aggressive when threatened. They tend to attack the victim repeatedly, secreting a mixture of neurotoxins and cardiotoxin. The probability of dying after the bite of a black Mamba snake is… 100%. However, this number has decreased thanks to the use of antidotes across the continent. 8. Fish Piranha Out of all the fish, the Piranha is possibly the most notorious. Seeing sharp teeth and strong jaw is enough to cause chills. Piranha is known as a fierce predator, living throughout the fresh water of South America. They feed in the early morning or twilight, hide in the water and wait for their little prey to pass. Then, without warning, they attack and devour their prey with unrivaled ferocity in the freshwater community. In some cases, they will hunt in groups for larger prey, including horses, rodents and even humans. 7. Gray wolf Most of the world’s top predators are completely alone, mainly relying on their courage to take down their prey. But with gray wolves, the success of the hunt depends on the cooperation of his fellow men. The characteristic attack of wolves is the chasing of many animals in the herd, causing prey to flee. A single prey is not only easy to defeat, but also safer than a prey in a resisting position. The dominant male will lead the hunt while its females follow closely behind. Once the prey falls to the ground, the flock will surround it and finish it off. 6. Komodo Dragon The largest of all the varanids, the Komodo dragon is a powerful reptile with a weight of up to about 136kg and a length of more than 3m. This animal ranked sixth in danger due to the speed, strength and stamina to knock down its prey twice its size. It also had a poisonous blow, and any survivors of the Komodo dragon’s attack would soon die from their wounds. Komodo hunts mostly in ambush, but they also run fast and swim well. Moreover, its incredible hunting ability is also combined with the ability to consume, in one meal it can eat the amount of food equal to half its body weight. 5. Crocodile There is nothing more threatening than a predator always hiding in the water, in disguise and in the environment, quietly observing the prey to plan a kill. Ranked No. 5 on the countdown list is a crocodile, a sneaky and extremely brutal predator. With extremely strong jaws and long sharp teeth, alligators hunt for many different species. Some species, like the Nile crocodile, can cut down very large prey like zebras or buffalo. Its offensive feature is to lie at the edge of the water where the animal comes to drink and then pull the unfortunate animal into the water to begin to bite when it has slices of meat for a meal. 4. Whale killer Like its name suggests, killer whales are deadly predators, combined with formidable skill and unparalleled physical strength. Killer whales have a number of ingenious techniques in their hunting weapons, which give them one of the most diverse rations of ocean predators. For example, they love to knock seals and penguins from floating ice and then catch them when they fall into the water. They also go to the beach to catch the sea bridge on the shore. Being a highly social animal, killer whales tend to live in groups of about ten to hunt together. They can even hunt white sharks! 3. American North American Bear The North American Bear, also known as the brown bear, is probably the most terrifying animal in North America. This mighty predator can stand about 2m tall and weigh more than 360kg. Its strong arms and hands can kill a person in just one click, and its strong jaws also allow it to eat everything it wants, including large mammals. Bears run fast and swim well. Facing this species in the wild would be a traumatic experience, the best response is to stand still and not run away at all. The speed of this species can reach more than 65km / h and your run can make it chase. 2. Lions Dubbed the lord of the rainforest, lions hunt even the largest prey like buffalo and wildebeest. The near-absolute success of these predators is due to a combination of skills. Lions live in groups and all members go hunting together. The young lions soon learned hunting skills through a game of fighting together, which also decided their proper role in the chase. The success rate of a lion’s hunt is only 1/5 but the hunting abilities are emphasized when we consider their prey – both large and resilient. . 1. White Shark Any animal that has unfortunately caught the white shark’s sights does not seem to have a chance of survival. The white shark occupies the top spot on the countdown list because of its outstanding hunting ability. With its elongated bodies and strong teeth, the white shark is a powerful species: swim fast and this nimble ocean athlete can bounce out of the water to tip his prey. The white shark also has several rows of sharp jagged edges, each of which is replaced immediately after being lost. In fact, a shark can have more than 50,000 teeth in its lifetime. The white shark usually starts its attack with a fatal blow, then waits for the victim to weaken from the wound before enjoying it – this makes it possible to enjoy the meal safely.

Putotyra Also known under the name “Muteki no Combo” (unbeaten Combo), Putotyra is a combination of a trio of Core Medals consisting of Ptera (Pteranodon), Tricera (Triceratops – long triangle) and Tyranno (Tyrannosaurus -). tyrant). As its name suggests, Putotyra is OOO’s strongest combo. With the dangerous power of ancient dinosaurs, Putotyra possesses the ability to overwhelm other combos and is capable of smashing Core Medals of the same type. Aside from its superior armor specs, the reason the Putotyra has such a formidable destructive power is due to its nature that goes against the regular Core Medals. If the Medals carried the power of “desire”, Putotyra would deny this very thing. For the same reason, it is impossible to combine Purple Core with other Core types. Putotyra includes the following basic capabilities: – Dragon’s wings called External Fins can be used to fly, as well as freeze opponents with a blast of super cold air. – The Triangular Dragon horn is called Wind Stinger, and the Taildivider tail of the dinosaur can lengthen and shorten as much as Eiji. Putotyra’s unique moves are considered extremely powerful, with potentially much more damage than we know. Blasting Freezer: When activating this move, OOO will use the super hard Wind Stinger horn to pierce the enemy’s body to fix them, then freeze the enemy with External Fins and use Taildivider to smash the victim’s body into piece by piece. The destructive power of this move is up to 100 tons. – Putotyranno Hissatsu, Ax Mode: When using Medagabryu in ax mode, OOO can launch the Ground of Rage finishing blow. This move can easily shatter Core Medals of different types, with a destructive power of up to 170 tons. – Putotyranno Hissatsu, gun mode: When using Medagabryu in gun mode, OOO can deliver the Strain Doom finishing blow. This is a long-range finishing blow, with a destructive power of up to 200 tons. However, the limitation of this combo is that it can cause the user to lose their reason and gradually become Greeed. Even though it can be controlled, Putotyra’s power will decrease and still suffer from body pressure after using it. Burakawani Burakawani is a reptile combo, made up of a trio of Core Medals including Cobra (cobra), Kame (turtle), and Wani (crocodile). Its special powers are: – With the power of a cobra, OOO possesses a vision twice as far as an ordinary person, and even sees infrared rays from the opponent, so it is not affected by the restricted environment such as night or in the jungle. Besides, when using a flute, OOO can awaken a snake head to attack enemies from a distance. Another important power of this snake head is to create a compound called “Soma Venom”. Venom Soma can not only break down muscle fatigue and release them as gases, but also help OOO to detoxify toxins present in the body and then eliminate them in a similar way. Not only that, it also has the effect of recovering immediately after performing any attack, and at the same time strengthens the muscles to a level beyond normal. With the power of a turtle, OOO can defend with two shells called Goura Guardner. When combined, the user can create a giant energy shield about 10 meters wide. It also works to increase the damage done to punches. – With crocodile strength, OOO legs surrounded by an energetic crocodile head capable of tearing. Thanks to that, the damage of the kicks is extremely large. Tamashii Known as the “Kaijin Combo” (Monster Combo), Tamashii is a special combination of powers since, apart from Taka Medal, it was also created by Imagin (the monster in Kamen Rider Den-O ) and Shocker (the most persistent evil organization). Basically, we can assume that this is one of the strongest states that OOO has ever used. – Tamashii Combo possesses a horn on the shoulder that contains the excess energy of Momotaros, which can be used as a weapon. – Gain the ability to move instinctively before thinking. – The sharp edge in the heel has a nature that becomes sharper before the wicked. – The knee armor is as sharp as a sword, able to cut opponents when touched. – With the power of Imagin – those who are good at possessing people, OOO can avoid being possessed by anyone. Contains all combat data of monsters and warriors created by Shocker. – With his ultimate called Tamashii Bomber, OOO is able to muster an energy source that is enough to destroy the Great Leader of Shocker – who has knocked down Kamen Riders.

The venom helps the snakes defend themselves and hunts. Explaining the venom in the snake The research was carried out by experts at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology (Japan) with the Australian National University (Australia) and published in the scientific journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). . Research indicates a link between mammalian salivary glands and snake venom glands. Agneesh Barua, lead author of the paper and a graduate student in evolutionary genetics at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Japan, said: “In the past, we had the basic foundations. to find out about this. “Now, thanks to evolution, we can dig deeper and more accurately into the relationship between mammalian salivary glands and snake venom glands.” Previously, scientists believed that the venom gland evolved from the salivary gland because the venom is composed of proteins that are transformed from saliva. The oral venom system is assumed to evolve through evolution, but how it evolved and the molecular structure in the venom system remains unknown. Research by the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology and the Australian National University are the first scientific evidence to find an answer to this fake snow. To produce toxins, snakes have evolved in the direction of converting many different substances in the body into venom. Initially, scientists suspected the gene was behind the poison formation in snake venom and a number of different species such as spiders and coolie – the only primate to have venom. However, the study did not find out what causes the venom to develop in the mouths of the animals. The research does not focus on toxins because they grow quickly, they are complex mixtures of many compounds, the Baride scientist explains. From there, the scientists decided to switch not to check the genes that produce the toxin, but to study the genes that help change the salivary system into the venom gland in the mouth. These are genes that are involved in the venom but are not responsible for the toxin production. Contact toxins in the human body Human saliva contains toxins that produce toxins. Through testing the genome of Taiwan habu snake, the researchers found the gene that supports the change, named “metavenom network”. This gene is responsible for protecting cells from the stress caused by the production of large amounts of protein. Similar genes are found in the salivary glands of some mammals such as chimpanzees, mice, even humans or terrestrial egg-laying animals such as birds and reptiles. These two genes have quite similar modes of action. Both produce large amounts of protein in saliva. With snakes, this gene helps to create large toxic saliva, suitable for their hunting and defense purposes. While in mammals such as humans, genes also make large amounts of protein in saliva but does not contain toxins. The common thing that these genes have in common is their ability to produce toxins, but snakes combine many different toxins, while mammals produce simpler venom, which has a similarity with saliva, Baride says. In fact, under certain environmental conditions, rats can make many toxic proteins in their saliva. Or in human saliva contains Kallikrein, an enzyme that helps digest proteins and they are also components in the “metavenom network”. If mutated, Kallikrein will convert saliva into venom that causes pain and death for infected objects. If so, according to evolution, in the next ten thousand years rats may have venom in their mouths, and so can humans. Mechanism of venom production However, Barua said, Kallikreins in human saliva can hardly evolve into toxins in snake venom. The “metavenom web” is a method of defense or elimination of prey and it evolves according to the animal’s way of life. The same species of snake, but living in different terrains and environments, the toxin is also different. For example, snakes live in the desert, mainly hunt rats on flat terrain, their venom slowly seeps into their prey. But snakes that live in the rocky mountains have a stronger toxin, instantly killing the lizard-like agility. Meanwhile, humans have invented tools, weapons and social structures to increase labor productivity and to process food, so there is no need to use venom. In addition, the creation of the venom is difficult. If not used regularly, the venom is lost. For example, sea snakes used to possess venom but are now harmless because they switch from eating fish to eating fish eggs, which do not require the use of toxins. New research may not raise hope for human “superpowers” but scientists have found a way for species to control venom in the body, which may be the key of medicine. . Find out how genes that control external protein expression can recognize diseases like cancer. Because most deaths from cancer are due to cancer cells growing out of control.

According to the Sohu , the only snake species recorded in China is the coral snake (scientific name: Bungarus multicinctus). This species can kill people with venom less than 1 milligram, even the king cobra when confronted with them also have to “turn off the power”. Small body Coral snakes live in southern China, they mainly live near the water’s surface and eat fish, frogs, snakes, and rats. The average body length of an adult coral snake is from 1m to 1.8m. In appearance, the coral snake has a simple black and white color, the back has hexagonal scales, the alternating black and white rings stretching throughout the body, the black part is longer and more than the white. Unlike conventional snakes with a triangular head, the coral snake’s head is oval in shape and small. Coral snakes possess an easily recognizable appearance. Photo: Sohu Although coral snakes are venomous snakes, they are very shy and often active at night. They will run away quickly when disturbed, or hide their heads under their bodies if they feel bothered. Unless intimidated, coral snakes will not actively attack people. In addition, the two fangs of coral snakes are relatively small, the other teeth are not pointed, so they cannot bite through the human skin too deeply. Therefore, when a person is bitten, the pain will be relatively mild, even some people cannot feel it. But if the anti-poison serum is not injected in time, the person who is bitten will definitely not be cured. The venom is deadly To measure the toxicity of snake venom, LD50 (a lethal dose of 50%, a dose required to kill half of the individuals used as an experiment over a given experimental period) is used as a parameter indicator. Projection for toxicity measurement. According to the experimental data of coral snake venom, LD50 of coral snake venom to mice is 0.09-0.108 mg / kg (subcutaneous injection), 0.113 mg / kg (intravenous injection) and 0.08 mg / kg (intraperitoneal injection). LD50 of the mountain wind snake has a famous large venom at about 0.35mg / kg, but only equivalent to a quarter of the toxicity of coral snakes. Therefore, after comparing the LD50 values ​​of the known poisonous snakes, it was concluded that the coral snakes are the most poisonous snakes in China as well as in Asia, in addition they are ranked 8th on the rankings. rank of poisonous snakes in the world. This is the most poisonous snake species in China as well as in Asia, in addition, they are ranked 8th on the ranking of poisonous snakes in the world. Photo: Sohu In the early stage of being bitten by a coral snake, the small molecular weight α neurotoxin first binds to acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junctions, preventing the transmission of neurotransmitters, causing Injured person shows drowsiness, body stiffness, drooling, muscle spasm and other reactions, the nerve mass at this time is reversible. Several hours later, a large amount of β-neurotoxin acts directly on the motor nerve’s pre-synaptic membrane, inhibiting the release of acetylcholine, causing skeletal muscle to lose its function of contracting and transform into constant paralysis, eventually leading to to respiratory failure. This process happened very quickly and violently. What to do if bitten by a coral snake? First, what needs to be explained here is that it is completely wrong to suck venom by mouth like in a drama, then the poison will go straight through the mouth and take the life of the smoker. Therefore, the best way is to take a picture of that snake or bring it to the hospital for identification and injection of anti-venom serum as soon as possible. Although the coral snakebite is not as deep as other species, when the toxicity develops, the patient will suffer extremely severe pain with death always imminent. Photo: Medihub If you have been bitten by a coral snake in the wild and cannot get help, you can burn the wound with fire. Theoretically, proteins and enzyme peptides (the main ingredient in coral snake venom) are inactivated in the presence of acids, alkalis, electrolytes and high temperatures. The main reason is that the coral snakes have short fangs and small amount of venom that can only bite into the shallow layers of the skin. Therefore, in an emergency, burn the wound skin into blisters. However, this method only works miraculously for the wound from coral snakes, not suitable for other poisonous snakes. In fact, poisonous snakes are not as scary as we often think. Except for the king cobra, most poisonous snakes are afraid of humans. So when you see snakes, take the initiative to stay away from them at least a stride, do not blindly raise snakes if you do not have the knowledge to avoid “drawing on the body”.

As it turns out, the act of killing a spider is not only a “bad omen” but also harms the home ecosystem. Even the cleanest houses have inhabited spiders. In the journal The Conversation, entomologist Matt Bertone and colleagues at North Carolina State University in the United States published a study of 50 homes in North Carolina and in each home they found spiders. According to Bertone, arachnids are important members of the inner human ecosystem. They are “omnivorous” predators and eat almost anything they catch: from a fly trapped in a window to a mosquito trying to suck human blood. Sometimes, the spiders eat their own kind. A house spider is watching for flies Many of the “victims” of spiders are potential vectors of disease. There is even a species of jumping spider in Africa that only likes to eat blood-sucking insects in the house. So when you kill a spider by hand, you accidentally “kill” a “soldier” to destroy the pathogen in your home. The indoor spiders are not the venomous monster spiders in Australia that we still see in newspapers. During his research, Bertone often found only common indoor spiders like Pholcidae * and the most harmless arthropods of the family Theridiidae **. Both of these spiders spread silk where they live. Spiders Pholcidae sometimes leave their webs to hunt and eat other spiders around. I don’t want to see this scene in my house at all, what about you guys? The truth is that most spiders are poisonous, but the venom of most of them is not strong enough to harm humans. The spider’s fangs are also often too weak to bite through the skin. Hollywood movies have sprinkled us in the head with spiders attacking us while we are off guard. However, in contrast to these movie “myths”, the spiders almost never crawl past a sleeping person. The act of snoring, puffing, or even ordinary human breathing is enough to scare away the vertebrates in the home. Furthermore, spiders are afraid of humans and always try to avoid us. We are far more dangerous to them than they are to us. Cases of spider bites are extremely rare. The scene is haunting for many people Although there are some highly toxic species like the Black Widow, they very rarely bite humans and even so, these bites rarely cause serious medical disorders. If you have phobia or simply don’t want to see spiders crawling around where you live, follow the scientists’ recommendations: instead of killing arthropods, catch them in one. box and drop off the road. The spiders themselves will find a new place and we do not have to carry the “killing” karma. *: Pholcidae are arachnids in the arachnid family of the suborder Araneomorphae. They have a body length of 2–10 mm and their legs can be up to 50 mm long. They can be found on every continent in the world except Antarctica. They weave a messy, irregular mesh. Spider webs are woven in wet and dark areas, in caves and under rocks, and abandoned animal caves. Do these spiders look familiar? Spider webs do not have cohesive properties, but their unusual insect trap structure makes it difficult for prey to escape. Spiders quickly cover their prey with spider webs and then inflict a poisonous bite to kill the prey. The prey can be eaten or stored immediately thereafter. **: Theridiidae is a family of arachnids of the order Araneae. This family has 109 genera, a total of 2295 species. The spider Theridiidae is usually reclusive, almost harmless and extremely gentle.

Professor Chris Buddle of the Department of Insect Ecology at McGill University, Canada pointed out that: “Out of nearly 40,000 species of spiders in the world, only about 10 can be dangerous to humans. Even venomous species are very unlikely to come into contact with humans, let alone attack us. ” Are spiders any color? It sounds strange, but spiders don’t really have blood. What they have is called “Hemolymph”. In fact, our blood is based on iron-containing hemoglobin molecules, so they are red. However, the blood of the spider is based on the protein called Hemocyanin derived from copper. This hemocyanin has a fairly clear color, but when exposed to oxygen it turns dark blue. Spiders cannot digest food in solid form They have to pump a liquid into their prey to soften their internal organs and tissues. After everything is softened completely, spiders can suck the contents inside to nourish their bodies. Spiders can control their blood pressure while on the move Spiders not only use muscles to move, but they also know how to combine blood pressure to walk or jump, depending on the species. Spiders contract muscles in the nipples and increase hemolymph pressure in the legs, which makes it easier for them to expand the area of ​​movement. This sudden increase in pressure also caused their legs to leap in different directions. Spiders have no vertebrae Spiders have no bones. They have only a set of sclera surrounding the organs and blood. This makes them classified as invertebrates or non-vertebrates. However, spiders are not the only species with sclera. Practically all insects and arachnids have that set of sclera. Having a set of sclera allows these organisms to grow more and periodically they need to “strip off” or replace their sheath. They can also re-develop the body in a short time. All invertebrates (even spiders) are very vulnerable before their sclera can harden. There is a species of spider that actually lives in the water There is a species of spider that is adapted to live in water, also known as the “Diving Bell” spider. Special soft hairs surround their bodies in the shape of air bubbles that provide oxygen in this particular habitat. Spiders are also a vegetarian Bagheera Kiplingi Spider (Kipling Spider) was discovered in the 1800s, their main food is acacia buds and plants. Sometimes this spider also eats larvae. It is also the only vegetarian spider in the world. Spiders will eat back their old spider silk When the silk loses its cohesion or becomes too dirty, the spiders often eat it and use nutrients from the old silk to create a new web. Do you see ? The spiders recycle them… in their own way. Antarctica has no spiders. Antarctica is inhabited by spiders. These are simply places where the climate is so extremely cold that they cannot do the usual metabolic processes. N What will poisonous bites look like? However, you should still be aware of some spiders with venom that carry extremely dangerous venom. The red back spider in Australia has a venom that causes nerve damage to humans for 24 hours. The black widow spider is famous for its poisonous bite, affecting the relatively strong nervous system, but it is difficult to cause death. When biting the spider spider, the wound becomes infected, leading to blood infection and gangrene. Tarantula large black spider in the rainforest will make people fall into a coma immediately. 6-eyed sand spider will cause local clotting and wound necrosis.