Basal cell cancer is the most common skin cancer, accounting for about 75% of all skin cancers. This is a malignant tumor consisting of cell-like cells in the basal layer of the epidermis.
(Illustration).
According to doctors at the Central Dermatology Hospital, basal cell cancer usually starts as a tumor of 1 to several centimeters in size, progressing slowly, without itching, and without pain, so people often ignore it. However, they can cause inflammation, ulcers, necrosis, and destruction of the local organization.
Causes of basal cell cancer
– Sunshine: Ultraviolet rays in the sun are believed to be a major risk factor for basal cell cancer. Accordingly, those who work outdoors have a very high rate of basal cell carcinoma and about 80% of basal cell carcinoma lesions in the open skin.
– Genetically modified: Studies show a higher chance of skin cancer due to genetic changes.
Common symptoms
- Tumor lesions: Usually starts with tumors of 1 to several cm in size, firm density, glossy, vasodilator above Non-itchy, painless, slow-progressing lesions may be ulcerative.
– Injury to fibrosis: Common in the nose or forehead, manifested as a flat lesion with the skin surface, sometimes into concave scars, infiltrates, above with dilated blood vessels, indistinct limit with healthy skin.
– Paget superficial lesions: Common in the body. Lesions are flat with the skin surface, well-defined, scaly upper, progressing slowly.
– Ulcerative lesions: All of the above types of lesions can be ulcerated for a long time on scaly black secretions or necrosis.
– Hyperpigmentation: Hyperpigmentation is very common in basal cell carcinoma lesions. Often having a dark brown color is easy to confuse with hyperpigmentation in melanoma.
- Regional lymph nodes may be large, infiltrate little or not.
How to treat
The leading principle of treatment for basal cell carcinoma is the complete removal of the cancer. The choice of treatment method depends on the type, location and size of the cancer tumor, and therefore requires the appointment of a specialist. Some commonly selected methods include: surgery, electrocautery, radiation therapy, liquid nitrogen …
After treatment, it is necessary to closely monitor to detect recurrence (if any) or detect new cancerous lesions.
How to prevent disease
The best prevention is to protect your skin from the harmful effects of sunlight by:
– Wear long-sleeved clothing and a wide-brimmed hat to go outdoors.
– Apply sunscreen regularly and properly, especially the face area because this is an area that is frequently exposed to the sun.
Limit prolonged exposure to sunlight, especially children.
In addition, need to immediately visit a doctor if detecting a lesion on the skin with a lump, a lump that looks like a “mole”; or unusual patches of skin color that show signs of spread, or develop over time.
If detected early and promptly treated, and extensively resected, basal cell cancer has a very good prognosis.
Basal cell carcinoma can cause inflammation, ulcers, necrosis, and destruction of the local organization
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